Planetary gear with a planetary pin axially secured by a sleeve

Abstract

Planetary gear (1) for a motor vehicle, with at least one planetary gear (2), a planetary carrier (5) having two first and second planetary carrier sections (3, 4) arranged at a distance from one another, and a planetary pin (6) received in the planetary carrier sections (3, 4) and rotatably supporting the at least one planetary gear (2) between the planetary carrier sections (3, 4), wherein the planetary pin (6) is axially secured in a receiving hole (8; 8a) of the first planetary carrier section (3) by means of a securing sleeve (7), wherein the securing sleeve (7) has a positive-locking region (9) which is received in a corresponding counter-positive-locking region (10) in the first planetary carrier section (3) in a rotationally secured manner, characterized in that the positive-locking region (9) is designed as a nose projecting in the radial direction.

Description

The invention relates to a planetary gear for a motor vehicle, such as a car, a truck, a bus or another commercial vehicle, having at least one planetary gear, a planetary carrier having two first and second planetary carrier sections arranged at a distance from one another, and a planetary bolt accommodated in the planetary carrier sections and rotatably supporting the at least one planetary gear between the planetary carrier sections, wherein the planetary bolt is axially secured in an accommodation hole of the first planetary carrier section by means of a securing sleeve.Planetary gear sets of the generic type are already sufficiently known from the prior art. From DE 10 2011 087 574 B4, a planetary gear for a motor vehicle, which is designed as a spur gear differential, is implemented. This spur gear differential has two sun gears which are accommodated in a planet carrier in which at least one planet gear is rotatably mounted via a bolt. The bolt is mounted in an opening of the planetary carrier there in a sleeve and penetrates the planetary gear completely. The sleeve has two radially outwardly protruding flange sections.DE 10 2017 009 861 A1 shows a planetary gear mechanism, having a planetary carrier with a first cheek, a second cheek and at least one planetary gear axis, wherein the first cheek has a preferably continuous recess in which a receiving part is received, wherein the planetary gear axis is received with its first axial end region in a round hole of the receiving part, wherein the round hole, in particular the center of gravity, the center point or the bore axis of the round hole, has an offset to the center point of the recess, to the center of gravity of the recess and / or to an axis of symmetry of the recess oriented parallel to the axis of rotation of the planetary carrier, in particular thus axially, and / or wherein the receiving part has at least one further round hole, which is spaced apart from the first round hole and is oriented parallel.DE 10 2011 087 574 B4 shows a spur gear differential for a motor vehicle, having two sun gears which are accommodated in a planetary carrier in which at least one planetary gear is rotatably mounted via a bolt, wherein the bolt is mounted in an opening of the planetary carrier located there in a sleeve and the bolt completely penetrates the planetary gear.However, it has been shown from the prior art in various applications that accidents can occur at the planetary gear. This is because it may previously happen under certain circumstances that the securing sleeve rotates relative to the planetary bolt and / or the planetary carrier, as a result of which the function of the planetary bearing is possibly disturbed.It is therefore the object of the present invention to eliminate the disadvantages known from the prior art and in particular to ensure a particularly stable axial securing of the corresponding planetary bolt.This is achieved according to the invention in that the securing sleeve has a positive-locking region which is accommodated in a corresponding counter-positive-locking region in the first planetary carrier section (positive-locking / positive-locking) in a rotationally secured manner.This prevents the securing sleeve from rotating relative to the planet carrier during operation. Thus, the planetary bolt is also in turn securely supported relative to the planetary carrier. The mounting of the planetary bolt is thus made substantially more robust and stable.If the form-fit region is formed on the side of the securing sleeve as a nose / tooth / tab protruding radially outwards (preferably from a sleeve region of the securing sleeve), the production of the securing sleeve is possible without machining.Further advantageous embodiments are claimed with the dependent claims and are explained in more detail below.In this context, the counter-form-fit region is particularly preferably formed as a recess / recess / bulge / depression into which the form-fit region protrudes / is accommodated. As a result, the corresponding planetary carrier section can also be processed particularly cost-effectively.It is further advantageous if the recess is open toward an end face of the first planetary carrier section facing the second planetary carrier section. As a result, the securing sleeve can be easily connected to the corresponding first planetary carrier section during assembly. In this regard, it is again advantageous if, offset from the recess and between two recesses adjacent in the circumferential direction, an aperture is provided in each case, which aperture is dimensioned such that the form-fit region / the nose can be pushed through it in the axial direction.If the securing sleeve is (completely) formed without machining from a sheet metal blank, it can be produced particularly cost-effectively.In addition, it is expedient if the form-fit region is formed by punching and / or cold forming, for example by bending. For this purpose, the individual form-fitting region is preferably stamped out on the one hand in its outer contour and subsequently bent outwards in the radial direction by cold forming / bending.If the counter-positive locking region is formed by embossing, a particularly cost-effective production method is provided for the first planetary carrier section.Furthermore, it is expedient if the securing sleeve has a flange region which projects radially inward from the sleeve region and which covers the planetary bolt toward a first end side.If the planetary bolt is axially secured in the receiving hole of the first planetary carrier section by means of a first securing sleeve and axially secured in a receiving hole of the second planetary carrier section by means of a second securing sleeve, the operational reliability is further improved.Furthermore, it is advantageous if a plurality of form-fit regions distributed in the circumferential direction are formed on the securing sleeve, which are each accommodated in a form-fit manner in a corresponding mating form-fit region.In other words, according to the invention, in a differential (planetary gear), an axial securing of a planetary bolt is implemented by sleeves (securing sleeve) with a serrated rim (positive engagement region). The sleeve can in principle be perforated on the bottom. The rim of the hat-shaped bearing sleeve (securing sleeve) thus has serrations / noses which interact with form-fitting elements (counter-form-fitting regions) on the planet carrier.The invention is now explained in more detail below with reference to figures.The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a planetary gear according to the invention according to a preferred exemplary embodiment, wherein the position of a plurality of securing sleeves used for axially securing the planetary bolt can be seen, FIG. 2 shows a detailed illustration of the securing sleeve secured in a rotationally fixed manner in a (first) planet carrier section of a planet carrier of the planetary gearing, FIG. 3 shows a front view of the (first) planetary carrier section shown in detail in FIG. 2, wherein a plurality of counter-positive locking regions, which are each provided for the positive reception of a positive locking region formed on the securing sleeve, can be seen, and FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the securing sleeve used in FIGS. 1 and 2, wherein the circumferential distribution of the various form-fitting regions is particularly clearly recognizable.The figures are merely schematic in nature and serve exclusively for understanding the invention. The same elements are provided with the same reference numerals.FIG. 1 illustrates a planetary gear 1 according to the invention in accordance with a preferred exemplary embodiment. The planetary gear 1 is designed as a spur gear differential of a motor vehicle.The planetary gear 1 typically has a planetary carrier 5 rotatably receiving / supporting a plurality of planetary gears. The planet carrier 5 in turn has two interconnected planet carrier sections 3 and 4. On a radial outer side of the two disk-shaped / plate-shaped planetary carrier sections 3 and 4, a ring gear 15 is attached which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the planetary carrier sections 3 and 4 and has an external toothing. On planetary pins 6 mounted in the planetary carrier 5, different planetary gears 2 are rotatably accommodated distributed in the circumferential direction. A first planetary gear set on planetary gears 2 meshes with a first sun gear 16 of planetary gear set 1, whereas a second planetary gear set on planetary gears 2 meshes with a second sun gear 17 of planetary gear set 1. The respective planetary carrier section 3, 4 is equipped on its radial inner side 21, for its rotatable mounting, with a rolling bearing 18.The respective planetary bolt 6, as can be seen here by way of example for one of the planetary bolts 6, is axially secured in a receiving hole 8; 8 a, 8 bof the respective planetary carrier section 3 and 4 via securing sleeves 7, 19. The planetary pin 6 is received in the first planetary carrier portion 3 via a first receiving hole 8a formed as a through hole. The planetary bolt 6 is received in the second planetary carrier section 4 via a second receiving hole 8 b, again in the form of a through hole. Between the planetary bolt 6 and the respective receiving hole 8; 8a, 8b, a securing sleeve 7, 19 is inserted.In particular, the (first) securing sleeve 7 is designed according to the embodiment according to the invention described below. As can be seen in this connection in FIG. 2, the first securing sleeve 7 is secured in a rotationally fixed manner on / in the first planetary carrier section 3 via a positive fit. For this purpose, the first securing sleeve 7 has a form-fit region 9, which is accommodated / held / supported in a rotationally secured manner in a corresponding mating form-fit region 10 of the first planetary carrier section 3.The first securing sleeve 7 typically has a sleeve region 12 with which it is applied / pushed radially from the outside onto the planetary bolt 6 from a first end face 14. The sleeve region 12 is in contact with a radial outer side 20 of the planetary bolt 6. The sleeve portion 12 is further inserted into the first receiving hole 8a.In addition to the sleeve region 12, the first securing sleeve 7 has a flange region 13 which extends radially inward from the sleeve region 12. In this embodiment, the flange region 13 is not formed as a base region running continuously in the radial direction, but is provided with a central through-hole 26. The flange region 13 covers / projects beyond the planetary bolt 14 toward a first end face 14.On a side of the sleeve region 12 axially facing away from the flange region 13, a plurality of form-fit regions 9 which are arranged distributed in the circumferential direction and which can be seen particularly well in FIG. 4 are formed on the first securing sleeve 7. The respective positive-locking region 9 extends outwards in the radial direction from the sleeve region 12. In this embodiment, the individual, here eight in number, form-fit regions 9 are arranged uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. The form-fit regions 9 are configured identically. The form-fit regions 9 together form a rim / rim of the first securing sleeve 7. Each positive-locking region 9 is designed as a nose / tab / pin extending outwards from the sleeve region 12 in the radial direction. The positive-locking regions 9 are preferably designed as sections of the first securing sleeve 7 produced from a sheet metal formed part, which sections are produced by punching and bending.As can then be seen particularly well in FIG. 3, anti-form closure regions 10 are formed on the first planetary carrier section 3. Each counter-positive locking region 10 is assigned to one of the positive locking regions 9 and interacts with the latter in the assembled state according to FIG. 1. The respective counter-positive locking region 10 is designed as a recess / depression in the form of an impression. Each counter-positive locking region 10 has a width matched to the positive locking region 9 (extension as seen in the circumferential direction). The counter-form-fit regions 10 are arranged in the same angular position as the form-fit regions 9 with respect to one another. The recesses are formed on an end face 11 of the first planetary carrier section 3 facing the second planetary carrier section 4.Furthermore, it can be seen in FIG. 3 that the first planet carrier section 3 additionally has a plurality of axial apertures 22 for pushing through the first securing sleeve 7 during assembly, wherein each aperture 22 is dimensioned such that a positive locking region 9 can be pushed through the first planet carrier section 3 in the axial direction. Subsequently, during assembly, by rotating the first securing sleeve 7, the form-fit regions 9 can be snapped into the mating form-fit regions 10, forming a bayonet lock.In the region of a second end face 23 of the planetary bolt 6 facing away from the first end face 14, a second securing sleeve 19 is provided. The second securing sleeve 19 is accommodated in the second accommodation hole 8 b. The second securing sleeve 19 likewise has a flange region 13 which extends inward from a sleeve region 12 in the radial direction. The flange region 13 of the second securing sleeve 19 projects beyond the planetary bolt 6 from its second end face 23. In addition to the flange region 13, an outer collar region 24 is present on the second securing sleeve 19, which forms a rim / rim which runs continuously in the circumferential direction.In this exemplary embodiment, moreover, only one planetary gear 2 is rotatably mounted on the planetary bolt 6, which is designed to be smaller with respect to its axial extent than the free mounting region of the planetary bolt 6 between the first securing sleeve 7 and the second securing sleeve 23.In the assembled state according to FIG. 2, the respective positive-locking region 9 is finally inserted into the counter-positive-locking region 10 in the axial direction, so that a (positive-locking) anti-rotation occurs due to the contact in the circumferential direction between the positive-locking region 9 and the counter-positive-locking region 10.Both the first securing sleeve 7 and the second securing sleeve 23 are produced / worked completely without machining.In other words, according to the invention, a sleeve produced without machining (first securing sleeve 7) with a serrated rim is provided in order to enable assembly. The differential housing (planet carrier 5 on the first planet carrier section 3) also has serrations (formed by apertures 22) at the bores and corresponding depressions 10 on the inner side. After the bolt assembly, the sleeve 7 is inserted into the housing 5 and rotated until the prongs 9 engage in the depressions 10. This results in an axial and anti-rotation of the sleeve 7 while the bolts (planetary bolts 6) permit a rotational movement in the event of an axial securing. One to several serrations 9 on board is / are possible.List of reference characters1 Planetary gear 2 Planetary gear 3 First planetary carrier section 4 Second planetary carrier section 5 Planetary carrier 6 Planetary bolt 7 First securing sleeve 8 Receiving hole 8 aFirst receiving hole 8 bSecond receiving hole 9 Positive locking region 10 Counter positive locking region 11 End side 12 Sleeve region 13 Flange region 14 First end side of the planetary bolt 15 Ring gear 16 First sun gear 17 Second sun gear 18 Rolling bearing 19 Second securing sleeve 20 Outer side 21 Inner side 22 Aperture 23 Second end side of the planetary bolt 24 Collar region 25 Spacer sleeve 26 Through hole

Claims

Planetary gear (1) for a motor vehicle, having at least one planetary gear (2), a planetary carrier (5) having two first and second planetary carrier sections (3, 4) arranged at a distance from one another, and a planetary bolt (6) which is accommodated in the planetary carrier sections (3, 4) and rotatably supports the at least one planetary gear (2) between the planetary carrier sections (3, 4), wherein the planetary bolt (6) is axially secured in a receiving hole (8; 8a) of the first planetary carrier section (3) by means of a securing sleeve (7), wherein the securing sleeve (7) has a positive-locking region (9) which is accommodated in a corresponding counter-positive-locking region (10) in the first planetary carrier section (3) in a rotationally secured manner, characterized in that the positive-locking region (9) is designed as a lug protruding in the radial direction.Planetary transmission (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mating form-fit region (10) is formed as a cutout into which the form-fit region (9) projects.Planetary transmission (1) according to claim 2, characterised in that the recess is open towards an end face (11) of the first planetary carrier section (3) facing the second planetary carrier section (4).Planetary gear (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the securing sleeve (7) is formed without machining from a sheet metal blank.Planetary gear (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the positive-locking region (9) is formed by punching and / or cold forming.Planetary gear (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the counter-positive locking region (10) is formed by embossing.Planetary transmission (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the securing sleeve (7) has a flange region (13) which projects radially inwards from a sleeve region (12) and covers the planetary bolt (6) towards its first end side (14).Planetary gear (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the planetary bolt (6) is axially secured in the receiving hole (8; 8a) of the first planetary carrier section (3) by means of a first securing sleeve (7) and is axially secured in a receiving hole (8; 8b) of the second planetary carrier section (4) by means of a second securing sleeve (7).Planetary gear (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a plurality of form-fit regions (9) distributed in the circumferential direction are formed on the securing sleeve (7), which form-fit regions are each accommodated in a corresponding mating form-fit region (10) in a form-fit manner.

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