Section insulator

Abstract

Section insulator for two linear rigid busbars (9, 10), each connected to an electrically conductive guide skid (13, 15) and an insulating sliding skid (20, 21) made of electrically insulating material, the sliding surfaces of which lie in a common plane, the insulating skids (20, 21) having depressions (30) in their sliding surface, and the depressions (30) being inclined at an angle (31) with respect to a longitudinal axis of the insulating sliding skids, characterized in that the depressions are milled recesses (30), and that the angle (31), a distance (32) between adjacent milled recesses (30) and the width (33) of the depressions (30) are selected such that a sliding line of a current collector is always in contact with a part of the sliding surface.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a section insulator for linear rigid busbars.

[0002] DE 10 2010 051 379 B4 shows a section insulator for two linear rigid busbars, the opposite ends of which are at a first distance from one another and are each connected to a first and second conducting skid, respectively. The two conducting skids extend into the first distance, their sides facing a travel plane are arranged in a sliding plane, and the two skids overlap in the longitudinal direction of the busbar and run antiparallel to one another at a second distance from one another. The first conducting skid is connected to a first insulating sliding skid. The first insulating sliding skid is connected to the second busbar. The second conducting skid is connected to a second insulating sliding skid, and the second insulating sliding skid is connected to the first busbar. The edges of the conducting skids and the insulating sliding skids facing the travel plane lie in the sliding plane.This creates a mechanically closed system in which vibrations are largely eliminated, thus also reducing the risk of sparking.

[0003] EP 0 052 176 B1 discloses a section insulator for overhead lines of electric railways, in which the ends of two contact wires are attached to two insulating guide rails, between which spark horns are arranged. The insulating guide rails are made of fiber-reinforced plastic, formed by parallel layers of filament fabric arranged perpendicular to the contact surface. They have recesses to reduce deposits in the sliding surface of the insulating guide rails.

[0004] However, when grinding with a current collector, such as a carbon contact strip, material such as graphite deposits on the grinding surfaces of the insulating grinding pads, which can gradually lead to a conductive film. This can then also cause electrical arcing.

[0005] The object of the invention is therefore to improve the section insulator in such a way that material deposited on the grinding surfaces, and in particular graphite, cannot form a continuously conductive path.

[0006] This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.

[0007] The basic idea of the invention is to construct the ground insulating grinding skids in such a way that the prescribed striking distance between conductive parts and the necessary creepage distance over the ground skids are maintained and the formation of a conductive path on the grinding surface is prevented.

[0008] Specifically, this is achieved by recesses, such as milled recesses, in the grinding surface of the insulating grinding skids, which prevent a continuous conductive deposit layer, such as a graphite layer, and at the same time extend the creepage path for electrical current.

[0009] According to the invention, these recesses are regularly inclined. According to the invention, these recesses are formed by milling.

[0010] Preferably, the edges of the recesses are rounded to avoid excessive abrasion of the current collectors at the transition from the grinding surface to the recess.

[0011] Preferably, the recesses are designed such that a line running perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the busbar always covers at least 2 recesses.

[0012] Preferably, the width of the recesses is at most half the width of the grinding surface between two recesses. The recesses can be straight, curved, V-shaped, or U-shaped relative to the grinding surface. The angle and spacing are preferably selected such that, as mentioned above, a line running perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the busbar always overlaps at least two recesses.

[0013] The cross-section of the recesses can also have various shapes, e.g., rectangular, circular, V-shaped, U-shaped, elliptical, or any desired curvature. The depth of the recesses is also arbitrary, with the only consideration being the stability of the busbar and the insulating sliding pads.

[0014] The invention is explained in detail below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. It shows: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a section insulator according to the invention; Fig. 2 a side view of the section insulator of the Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a top view of the section insulator of the Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a plan view of the grinding side of an insulating grinding skid used in the invention; Fig. 5 a side view of the insulating grinding skid of the Fig. 4; Fig. 6 a cross-section of the insulating sliding skid of the Fig. 4; Fig. 7 to 12 different shapes of millings in plan view of the grinding surface of the insulating grinding skid; Fig. 13 to 18 different shapes of the cross-sections of the milled recesses.

[0015] First, Fig. 1 referred to.

[0016] The section insulator has a first conductor rail 1 and a second conductor rail 2, which are aligned with each other along a running line 3 and whose ends 4 and 5, respectively, have a first distance 6 in the direction of the running line 3. Both conductor rails 1 and 2 each hold a contact wire 7 and 8, respectively, which, coming from the respective section, extends only to approximately the middle area of the respective conductor rail 1 or 2 and whose end is bent upwards away from the running level.

[0017] The other ends of the conductor rails 1 and 2 pointing towards the respective route can be connected to further conductor rails, which hold the contact wires 7 and 8, via butt plates 9 and 10 of known design (cf. DE 20 2004 009 420 U1).

[0018] The two conductor rails 1 and 2 are mechanically connected to each other via an insulating rod 11 which runs along the running line 3, whereby the two ends of the insulating rod are inserted into the profile of the respective conductor rail 1 or 2 and fastened there by screws 12.

[0019] A guide skid 13 made of electrically conductive material, such as copper, is attached to one side of the first busbar 1, extends into the first gap 6 and projects beyond the center 14 of the section insulator in the direction of the second busbar 2. In a similar way, a second guide skid 15 is attached to the opposite side of the second busbar 2, which projects into the gap 6 in a similar way and extends beyond the center 14 of the section insulator in the direction of the opposite first busbar. The two guide skids 13 and 15 are bent outwards away from the busbar so that in the center 14 they have a second gap 16 measured transversely to the travel line 3, which, depending on the operating voltage, must be dimensioned large enough that no voltage flashover can occur, taking into account the breakdown voltage of air, even under unfavorable climatic conditions, such as humidity.

[0020] In the side view, the two guide skids 13 and 14 overlap in a first overlap area 17. Furthermore, the undersides of the two guide skids 13 and 14 facing the driving plane are provided with a run-up or run-off rounding 18 at their ends, so that a shorter effective second overlap area 19 is obtained.

[0021] The end of the first guide skid 13 pointing towards the second busbar 2 is connected to a first insulating sliding skid 20, the other end of which is connected to the second busbar 2, wherein the first insulating sliding skid 20 is also bent upwards or runs obliquely with respect to the running line 3.

[0022] In an analogous manner, the end of the second conductor skid 15 facing the first conductor rail 1 is connected to the first conductor rail 1 via a second insulating sliding skid 21. The ends of the insulating sliding skids 20 and 21 connected to the associated conductor skid 13 and 15, respectively, also have run-off and run-up roundings 18.

[0023] The two conductor skids 13 and 15 and the two insulating sliding skids 20 and 21 are aligned relative to the two conductor rails 1 and 2 such that their undersides facing the running plane and thus the sliding skid of a vehicle's pantograph are in a common plane with the contact wires 7 and 8, whereby this plane should be parallel to the running plane. This plane is referred to below as sliding plane 22.

[0024] In the illustrated embodiment, the two guide skids 13 and 15 and the two insulating sliding skids 20 and 21 are height-adjustable by eccentrics, allowing their undersides to be precisely aligned with the sliding plane 22 defined by the contact wires 7 and 8. Other types of height adjustment are also possible. The transition of the vehicle's sliding skid from the respective contact wire 7, 8 to the guide skids 13, 15 and the insulating sliding skids 20, 21 thus occurs smoothly and without any impact, preventing vibrations and thus minimizing sparking.

[0025] Furthermore, a connecting plate 27 and 28 is provided for height adjustment and lateral spreading of the guide skids 13 and 15, which is fastened on the one hand close to the end 4, 5 of the respective busbar 1, 2 and engages with a screw in the guide skid 13, 15, with which the height of the guide skid can be adjusted.

[0026] The Fig. 4 to 6 show a section of the insulating sliding skids 20. In Fig. Figure 4 shows a plan view of the grinding surface of the insulating grinding skid 20, which has a plurality of recesses 30 extending obliquely to the longitudinal extent, which here extend at an angle 31 to the longitudinal extent of the insulating grinding skid. Adjacent recesses 30 are spaced 32 from the nearest recess, and the recesses have a width 33 and a depth 34 ( Fig. 5). The angle 31, the distance 32 and the width 33 of the recesses 30 are selected so that a current collector sliding along the sliding surface is always in contact with a part of the sliding surface of the insulating sliding shoe.

[0027] If electrically conductive abrasive material such as graphite is deposited on the grinding surface when the grinding surface is ground by a current collector, it cannot form a continuous electrically conductive layer due to the depressions 30, so that the insulating function of the insulating grinding skid 20 is always guaranteed.

[0028] Even if abrasion material were to be deposited in the recesses 30, this would only happen in very small quantities and the creepage path for electrical current would be significantly extended due to the recesses.

[0029] The shape of the recesses 30, both in a top view of the grinding surface and in a sectional view perpendicular to the grinding surface, can be freely selected. It is only necessary to ensure that a current collector is always in contact with a part of the grinding surface to prevent vibrations and excessive wear.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the insulating grinding skid 20 has the following dimensions: Length = 1170 mm, Width = 15 mm, Height H = 90 mm, Distance 32 = 10mm, Width of the recess 30 = 5mm Radius of the run-up slope 35 = 20 mm. Angle 31 = 25 ° Depth of recess 30= 5 mm.

[0031] The Fig. 7-12 show various top views of the grinding surface of the insulating grinding skids. Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are the recesses according to the example of Fig. 4 extending obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the insulating grinding skid, the angle of inclination 31 and the distance 32 between adjacent recesses 30 in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is different. In general, these parameters should be selected to ensure a sufficiently large contact area between the current collector and the contact surface. Width 33 and depth 34 should also be selected to ensure sufficient mechanical stability while also preventing the recesses from becoming completely clogged even during extended operation.

[0032] In Fig. 9, the recesses 30 are V-shaped, with the tip of the V pointing in the longitudinal direction of the insulating grinding skid.

[0033] In Fig. 10, the recesses 30 each extend only to the middle of the insulating grinding skids and are offset from each other by half a distance 32.

[0034] In Fig. 11 the recesses 30 are curved

[0035] In Fig. 12, the recesses 30 have the shape of circular segments.

[0036] The cross-section of the depressions is also Fig. 13-18 show, can be freely selected to a large extent. In the example of the Fig. 13 the recesses are rectangular, in Fig. 14 they are semicircular, in Fig. 15 they are V-shaped, in Fig. 16 Part of a circular arc, in Fig. 17 arbitrarily jagged and in Fig. 18 again rectangular but always with pairs of two closely spaced depressions.

[0037] Since in all variants shown the milled recesses or depressions (30) always have a shape that is inclined to the direction of travel, this allows the contact strip of a pantograph to travel over the section insulator in both directions without the contact strip getting caught on the milled recesses or depressions.

[0038] The insulating sanding runners 20, 21 can be made of any material. Plastics are preferred, but they can also be ceramic, pressed and / or sealed wood.

Claims

[1] Section insulator for two linear rigid busbars (9, 10), each connected to an electrically conductive guide shoe (13, 15) and an insulating sliding shoe (20, 21) made of electrically insulating material, the sliding surfaces of which lie in a common plane, the insulating shoes (20, 21) having depressions (30) in their sliding surface, and the depressions (30) being inclined at an angle (31) relative to a longitudinal axis of the insulating sliding shoes, characterized by that the recesses are milled recesses (30), and that the angle (31), a distance (32) between adjacent milled recesses (30) and the width (33) of the recesses (30) are selected such that a contact line of a current collector is always in contact with a part of the contact surface. [2] Section insulator according to claim 1, characterized by that the recesses (30) are V-shaped when viewed from above onto the grinding surface. [3] Section insulator according to claim 1, characterized bythat the recesses (30) are curved in an arc shape when viewed from above onto the grinding surface. [4] Section insulator according to one of claims 1-3, characterized by that the cross-section of the recesses (30) is V-shaped. [5] Section insulator according to one of claims 1-3, characterized by that the cross-section of the recesses (30) is circular segment-shaped. [6] Section insulator according to one of claims 1-3, characterized by that the cross-section of the recesses (30) is elliptical. [7] Section insulator according to one of claims 1-3, characterized by that the cross-section of the recesses (30) is moon-shaped or curved in some other way.

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