Battery system

Abstract

Battery system comprising: a solid-state battery (11) comprising a laminated body in which a cathode (111), an anode (112) and a solid electrolyte layer (113) arranged between the cathode (111) and the anode (112) are laminated, and a control device configured to perform a control operation for controlling a temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery (11) in a plane intersecting with a lamination direction of the laminated body such that, in the plane, the difference between a resistance value of a first part of the all-solid-state battery (11) and a resistance value of a second part of the all-solid-state battery (11) different from the first part is smaller than the difference in the case where the control operation is not performed.

Description

Technical FieldThe present invention relates to a battery system including a control device configured to control an all-solid-state battery.Prior ArtAn all-solid-state battery (all-solid-state battery) having a solid electrolyte layer is known. For example, Patent Literature JP 2016-018 704 A discloses an all-solid-state battery including a laminated body in which a cathode, an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer are laminated, and a restricting member applies pressure to the all-solid-state battery in a lamination direction of the laminated body. In order to influence the temperature distribution in the plane perpendicular to the lamination direction, the pressure in the center of the plane is increased, whereby the resistance in the center decreases and as a result less heat is generated there during charging and discharging.Patent literature US 2017 / 0 200 994 A1 discloses an apparatus and a method for battery management for controlling the temperature of individual battery elements in a stack comprising a plurality of secondary batteries in order to ensure that as far as possible no temperature differences occur, so that no self-ignition or a shortened service life occur. In order to achieve this, the voltage of each battery element is measured, the phase differences of the individual battery elements are calculated, temperature differences are estimated therefrom and the temperatures of the deviating battery elements identified in this way are either increased or decreased.Patent Literature KR 10 2016 0 028 848 A discloses a special case or holder for a secondary battery, which has a heating device to heat the battery accommodated therein.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONTechnical ProblemThere is a possibility that the pressure applied from the restricting member to the all-solid-state battery varies in a plane intersecting with the lamination direction of the laminated body. For example, when the anode and the like expand or contract due to charge or discharge of the all-solid-state battery, there is a possibility that the pressure applied to a first part of the all-solid-state battery is larger than the pressure applied to a second part of the all-solid-state battery. For example, there is a possibility that, due to creep (namely, deformation) of the restricting member, the pressure applied to the first part of the all-solid-state battery is larger than the pressure applied to the second part of the all-solid-state battery.When the pressure applied to the first part is larger than the pressure applied to the second part, due to the characteristics of the all solid state battery, the resistance value of the first part is lower than the resistance value of the second part. In this case, when the all-solid-state battery is charged or discharged, the electric current flowing in the first part is larger than the electric current flowing in the second part. This leads to the technical problem that local (partial) overcharging and / or excessive discharging of the all-solid-state battery takes place and the all-solid-state battery can therefore deteriorate.The above-described technical problem is an example of the technical problem to be solved by the present invention. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide, for example, a battery system including a control device configured to control an all-solid-state battery including a laminated body in which a cathode, an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer are laminated, and prevent unevenness (in other words, variation or variability) of a resistance value of the all-solid-state battery in a plane intersecting with a lamination direction of the laminated body.Solution of the ProblemThe object of the present invention is achieved by a battery system as defined in claim 1 comprising a solid state battery and a control device. An aspect of the present invention is that the control device is configured to control an all-solid-state battery, the all-solid-state battery including a laminated body in which a cathode, an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode and the anode are laminated, the control device being configured to perform a control operation for controlling a temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery in a plane intersecting with a lamination direction of the laminated body such that, in the plane, the difference between a resistance value of a first part of the all-solid-state battery and a resistance value of a second part of the all-solid-state battery different from the first part is less than the difference in the case where the control operation is not performed.Another aspect is that the battery system of the present invention is provided with an all-solid-state battery having a laminated body in which a cathode, an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode and the anode are laminated.Brief Description of the DrawingsFIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a vehicle in a present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view and a plan view illustrating a cross-sectional area and an upper surface of an all-solid-state battery of the vehicle, respectively. FIG. 3A is a graph illustrating a distribution in an XY plane of each of a pressure applied to the all-solid-state battery, a resistance value of the all-solid-state battery, and an amount of electric current flowing in the all-solid-state battery when a restriction member applies uniform pressure to the all-solid-state battery, and FIG. 3B is a graph illustrating a distribution in the XY plane of each of the pressure applied to the all-solid-state battery, the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery, and the amount of electric current flowing in the all-solid-state battery when the restriction member applies nonuniform pressure to the all-solid-state battery, FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of a temperature control process. FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating a relationship between the pressure applied from the restriction member to a specific part of the all solid state battery and the resistance value of this specific part. FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating a method of calculating an activation energy factor executed by an activation energy calculator. FIG. 7A is a graph illustrating a situation in which the resistance value of a center part of the all-solid-state battery is equal to the resistance value of a boundary part of the all-solid-state battery in a planar coordinate system in which the horizontal axis represents an inverse number of temperature and the vertical axis represents the natural logarithm of the resistance value, and FIG. 7B is a graph illustrating the situation in which the resistance value of the center part of the all-solid-state battery is different from the resistance value of the boundary part of the all-solid-state battery in a planar coordinate system in which the horizontal axis represents the inverse number of temperature and the vertical axis represents the natural logarithm of the resistance value. FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating a relationship among a warm flag indicating whether to warm up the all-solid-state battery, the activation energy factor of the all-solid-state battery, and a state of charge (SOC) of the all-solid-state battery. FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating a relationship among the pressure applied to the all-solid-state battery, the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery, and the SOC of the all-solid-state battery. FIG. 10 is a graph illustrating a distribution in the XY plane of each of a pressure applied to the all-solid-state battery, the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery before heating, the amount of electric current flowing in the all-solid-state battery before heating, a heating state, the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery after heating, and the amount of electric current flowing in the all-solid-state battery after heating. FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a vehicle in a first modified example. FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating a distribution in the XY plane of each of the pressure applied to the all-solid-state battery, the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery before cooling, the amount of electric current flowing in the all-solid-state battery before cooling, a cooling state, the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery after cooling, and the amount of electric current flowing in the all-solid-state battery after cooling. FIG. 13A is a graph illustrating the warm flag that decreases as the activation energy factor of the all-solid-state battery increases, and FIG. 13B is a graph illustrating the warm flag that decreases as the SOC of the all-solid-state battery increases. FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating a distribution in the XY plane of each of the pressure applied to the all-solid-state battery, the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery before heating, the amount of electric current flowing in the all-solid-state battery before heating, a quantity of heat, the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery after heating, and the amount of electric current flowing in the all-solid-state battery after heating. FIG. 15 is a graph illustrating a distribution in the XY plane of each of the pressure applied to the all-solid-state battery, the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery before heating, the amount of electric current flowing in the all-solid-state battery before heating, a heating state, the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery after heating, and the amount of electric current flowing in the all-solid-state battery after heating.DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTSHereinafter, with reference to the drawings, an embodiment of the control device and the battery system of the present invention will be described. In the following description, a vehicle 1 to which an embodiment of the control device and the battery system of the present invention is adapted will be described.(1) Structure of Vehicle 1First, with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the structure of the vehicle 1 in the present embodiment will be explained. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the structure of the vehicle 1 in the present embodiment. FIG. 2 includes a cross-sectional view and a plan view illustrating a cross-sectional area and an upper surface of an all-solid-state battery 11 of the vehicle 1, respectively.As illustrated in FIG. 1, the vehicle 1 is provided with: the all-solid-state battery 11, an inverter 12, a motor generator 13, a heater 14 that is an example of a "heating device" in an additional specification described below, a temperature sensor 14T, a pressure sensor 14P, and an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 15 that is an example of a "control device" in the additional specification described below.The all-solid-state battery 11 is a secondary battery in which the electrolyte is a solid. The all-solid-state battery 11 is provided with a cell C in which a cathode 111, an anode 112, and a solid electrolyte layer 113 disposed between the cathode 111 and the anode 112 are laminated (i.e., laminated) in a Z-axis direction, as illustrated in the upper cross-sectional view in FIG. 2. The all-solid-state battery 11 may be provided with a single cell C. The all-solid-state battery 11 may be provided as a stack including a plurality of cells C. The cathode 111, the anode 112 and the solid electrolyte layer 113 are each a solid. Note that a detailed description of a material (in other words, a substance) for each of the cathode 111, the anode 112, and the solid electrolyte layer 113 is omitted because an existing material (for example, a material disclosed in Patent Literature JP 2016-018 704 A) can be used as the material for each of the cathode 111, the anode 112, and the solid electrolyte layer 113.A restricting member 114 applies pressure to the all-solid-state battery 11 in a lamination direction (that is, a direction along the direction in which the cathode 111, the anode 112, and the solid electrolyte layer 113 are laminated, and the Z-axis direction) of the cell C. Namely, the restricting member 114 is configured to restrict the all solid state battery 11. Specifically, as illustrated in the upper cross-sectional view in FIG. 2, the restriction member 114 includes a restriction plate 114 aand a restriction plate 114 b. The restriction plate 114a supports the cell C on the cathode 111 side. The restriction plate 114 aapplies the pressure to the cathode 111 so as to press the cathode 111 into the solid electrolyte layer 113. The restriction plate 114 bsupports the cell C on the anode 112 side. The restriction plate 114 bapplies the pressure to the anode 112 so as to press the anode 112 into the solid electrolyte layer 113. Note that when the all-solid-state battery 11 is provided with a plurality of cells C, the restricting member 114 preferably applies the pressure to the stack including the plurality of cells C.In FIG. 1, the inverter 12 is again configured to convert direct electric current output from the all-solid-state battery 11 into alternating electric current and output the alternating electric current to the motor generator 13 when the vehicle 1 is in a power running operation. The inverter 12 is configured to convert the alternating electric current generated by the motor generator 13 upon regeneration into direct electric current, and outputs the direct electric current to the all-solid-state battery 11 when the vehicle 1 is in a regeneration operation.The motor generator 13 is configured such that, when the vehicle 1 is in the power running operation, it functions as a motor for outputting a driving force required for the vehicle 1 to travel (in other words, move) by being operated with the electric power supplied from the all-solid-state battery 11 via the inverter 12. The motor generator 13 is configured to function as a generator for charging the all-solid-state battery 11 when the vehicle 1 is in the regeneration operation.The heater 14 is a heating device configured to heat a part or the whole of the all-solid-state battery 11 under the control of the ECU 15. The heater 14 is disposed to be close to or in contact with an outer surface of at least one of the all-solid-state battery 11 and the restriction member 114 as illustrated in FIG. 2.The temperature sensor 14T is a detection device configured to detect a temperature T of a specific part of the all-solid-state battery 11. The vehicle 1 is provided with at least two temperature sensors 14T located at different positions in a plane (namely, an XY plane) intersecting with the lamination direction of the cell C. The present embodiment will be described using an example in which the vehicle 1 is provided with a temperature sensor 14TC configured to detect a temperature TC of a center part 11C of the all-solid-state battery 11 and a temperature sensor 14TE configured to detect a temperature TE of a boundary part 11E of the all-solid-state battery 11, as illustrated in a lower planar view in FIG. 2. The center part 11C is a part located inside the edge part 11E in the XY plane as illustrated in the lower planar view in FIG. 2. On the other hand, the edge part 11E is a part located outside the center part 11C in the XY plane. It is preferable that the edge part 11E is a part including or being close to an outer edge (in other words, an outer periphery) of the all-solid-state battery 11 in the XY plane. At least one of the temperature sensors 14TC and 14TE may be disposed between the restriction plate 114 aand the cathode 111, may be disposed between the restriction plate 114 band the anode 112, or may be located elsewhere.The pressure sensor 14P is a detection device configured to detect a pressure P applied from the restriction member 114 to a specific part of the all-solid-state battery 11. The vehicle 1 is provided with at least two pressure sensors 14P located at different positions in the XY plane. The present embodiment will be described using an example in which the vehicle 1 is provided with a pressure sensor 14PC configured to detect a pressure PC applied from the restriction member 114 to the center part 11C of the all-solid-state battery 11 and a pressure sensor 14PE configured to detect a pressure PE applied from the restriction member 114 to the edge part 11E of the all-solid-state battery 11, as illustrated in the lower planar view in FIG. 2. At least one of the pressure sensors 14PC and 14PE may be disposed between the restriction plate 114 aand the cathode 111, may be disposed between the restriction plate 114 band the anode 112, or may be disposed at another position. It is preferable that the pressure sensor 14PC is disposed in the vicinity of the temperature sensor 14PC. It is preferable that the pressure sensor 14PE is disposed in the vicinity of the temperature sensor 14TE.The ECU 15 is configured to control the overall operation of the vehicle 1. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the ECU 15 is configured to execute a temperature control operation to control, using the heater 14, a temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery 11 in a plane intersecting the lamination direction of the cell C (the XY plane in an example illustrated in FIG. 2 and the plane intersecting the lamination direction of the cell C is referred to as the "XY plane") based on a detection result from each of the temperature sensors 14T and the pressure sensors 14P. In the description described below, the ECU 15 is configured to execute the temperature control operation for heating the edge part 11E such that the difference between a resistance value RC of the center part 11C of the all-solid-state battery 11 and a resistance value RE of the edge part 11E of the all-solid-state battery 11 is smaller than the difference in the case where the temperature control operation is not executed. In order to execute the temperature control process, the ECU 15 is provided with, as processing blocks logically realized in the ECU 15, a resistance calculator 151, an activation energy calculator 152, a heating amount calculator 153, and a heating instruction determiner 154. Note that the operation of each of the resistance calculator 151, the activation energy calculator 152, the heating amount calculator 153, and the heating instruction determiner 154 will be described in detail later when the temperature control operation is described, and therefore the description of the operation will be omitted here.(2) Temperature Control Operation of ECU 15Next, the temperature control process executed by the ECU 15 will be described in order.(2-1) Technical Reason Why Temperature Control Operation is Carried OutFirst, a technical reason why the temperature control operation is performed will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B. As described above, the restricting member 114 restricts the all-solid-state battery 11 so that the restricting member 114 applies the pressure to the all-solid-state battery 11 in the lamination direction of the cell C. In this case, the restricting member 114 normally restricts the all-solid-state battery 11 (alternatively, in an initial state) so that a uniform pressure is applied to the all-solid-state battery 11 in the XY plane (i.e., the pressure applied to the all-solid-state battery 11 does not vary in the XY plane), as illustrated in the first graph in FIG. 3A. In this case, as illustrated in the second graph in FIG. 3A, the resistance values of a plurality of parts of the all-solid-state battery 11 are constant in the XY plane. That is, the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery 11 does not vary in the XY plane. As a result, as illustrated in the third graph in FIG. 3A, the electric currents flowing in the plurality of parts of the all-solid-state battery 11 are equal in the XY plane.However, in practice, due to charging and discharging of the all-solid-state battery 11, the anode 112 (in some cases, also at least one of the cathode 111 and / or the solid electrolyte layer 113) expands or contracts. As the anode 112 expands or contracts, the pressure applied by the constraining element 114 to the anode 112 varies (further, the pressure applied to the cathode 111 substantially coupled to the anode 112). Specifically, as illustrated in the first graph in FIG. 3B, when the anode 112 expands or contracts, there is a high possibility that the pressure applied from the restricting member 114 to the central part 11C is larger than the pressure applied from the restricting member 114 to the peripheral part 11E. The reason is as follows. The edge part 11E has a surface (specifically, a surface along the Z-axis direction in FIG. 2 ) that is not in contact with the restricting member 114, and thus, actually, due to expansion or contraction of the anode 112, a first electrode part that is a part of the anode 112 and is located near the edge part 11E relatively easily expands or contracts, so that the first electrode part releases a force caused by the expansion or contraction of the anode 112. On the other hand, the central part 11C is more (more fixedly) restricted by the restricting member 114 than the peripheral part 11E, and thus a second electrode part, which is a part of the anode 112 and which is located near the central part 11C, does not actually expand so easily or contract so easily due to the expansion or contraction of the anode 112, so that the second electrode part releases the force caused by the expansion or contraction of the anode 112. As a result, the pressure PE exerted by the restricting member 114 on the edge part 11E can be released more easily than the pressure PC exerted by the restricting member 114 on the center part 11C. That is, the pressure PC exerted from the restricting member 114 on the central part 11C is accumulated between the restricting member 114 and the central part 11C much more easily than a pressing force than the pressure PE exerted from the restricting member 114 on the peripheral part 11E. In this case, as illustrated in the second graph in FIG. 3B, in the XY plane, the resistance value RC of the center part 11C is smaller than the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E. As a result, as illustrated in the third graph in FIG. 3B, in the XY plane, the electric current flowing in the center part 11C is larger than the electric current flowing in the edge part 11E. That is, the all-solid-state battery 11 includes a part in which a large electric current locally flows. In this case, the central part 11C is overcharged and / or excessively discharged more easily than the peripheral part 11E. This leads to the technical problem that the all-solid-state battery 11 relatively easily deteriorates.This technical problem results from the fact that the pressure PC exerted on the central part 11C is different from the pressure PE exerted on the peripheral part 11E. Thus, a method of preventing the pressure PC applied to the center part 11C from being different from the pressure PE applied to the edge part 11E is considered as a solution to solve the technical problem. However, in order to prevent the pressure PC exerted on the central part 11C from being different from the pressure PE exerted on the peripheral part 11E, a relatively highly loadable (in other words robust) configured restriction member 114 that can exert a uniform pressure on the cell C is necessary. Thus, the cost, weight, and size of the restriction member 114 increase.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery 11 is controlled so as to reduce the difference between the resistance value RC of the center part 11C and the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E caused by the pressure PC applied to the center part 11C being different from the pressure PE applied to the edge part 11E, while allowing the pressure PC applied to the center part 11C to be different from the pressure PE applied to the edge part 11E. Specifically, when the temperature TE of the edge part 11E of the all solid state battery 11 rises, the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E after the temperature TE of the edge part 11E rises is lower than the resistance value RE before the temperature TE of the edge part 11E rises. On the other hand, when the temperature TE of the edge part 11E decreases, the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E after the temperature TE of the edge part 11E decreases is larger than the resistance value RE before the temperature TE of the edge part 11E decreases. Thus, the ECU 15 is capable of reducing the difference between the resistance value RC of the center part 11C and the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E by executing the temperature control process. Specifically, the ECU 15 is capable of reducing the difference between the resistance value RC of the center part 11C and the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E by performing the temperature control process for controlling the temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery 11 such that the temperature TC of the center part 11C is different from the temperature TE of the edge part 11E. That is, in a situation where the resistance value RC of the center part 11C is largely different from the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E by the pressure PC being different from the pressure PE, when the temperature TC of the center part 11C is kept equal to the temperature TE of the edge part 11E, the ECU 15 performs the temperature control operation to make the temperature TC of the center part 11C different from the temperature TE of the edge part 11E, so that the difference between the resistance value RC of the center part 11C and the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E is decreased. In this case, a relatively high load-bearing restriction member 114 is not necessarily required, and thus the above-described technical problem can be solved by a relatively simple structure.(2-2) Specific Procedure of Temperature Control ProcedureNext, a specific flow of the temperature control process will be described with reference to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating the flow of the temperature control process.As illustrated in FIG. 4, the resistance calculator 151 calculates the resistance value RC of the center part 11C and the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E based on the detection results of the pressure sensors 14PC and 14PE (that is, the pressure PC applied to the center part 11C and the pressure PE applied to the edge part 11E) (step S 11). Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 5, there is a correlation between the pressure P applied from the restriction member 114 to a specific part of the all solid state battery 11 and the resistance value R of this specific part, such that the resistance value R further decreases as the pressure P increases. Thus, the resistance calculator 151 calculates the resistance values RC and RE from the pressures PC and PE, respectively, based on information (for example, a map) representing the correlation between the pressure P and the resistance value R, as illustrated in FIG. 5.Then, the activation energy calculator 152 calculates a factor k proportional to an inverse number of an activation energy of the all-solid-state battery 11 based on the resistance values RC and RE calculated in step S 11 and the detection result of the temperature sensors 14TC and 14TE (that is, the temperature TC of the center part 11C and the temperature TE of the edge part 11E) (step S 12). Hereinafter, this factor is referred to as "activation energy factor". Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 6, in a planar coordinate system in which the horizontal axis represents an inverse number of the temperature T and the vertical axis represents the natural logarithm of the resistance value R, the activation energy calculator 152 records a point corresponding to the resistance value RC and the temperature TC of the center part 11C, and records a point corresponding to the resistance value RE and the temperature TE of the edge part 11E. This graph represents a so-called arrhenius plot (arrhenius graph). Then, the activation energy calculator 152 calculates, as the activation energy factor k, an inverse number of the inclination of a line obtained by interpolating the drawn points. As a method for interpolating the recorded points, any method may be used. An example of this method is, for example, a Lagrange interpolation polynomial. When the activation energy factor k is calculated using the Lagrange interpolation polynomial, the activation energy calculator 152 may calculate the activation energy factor k using the mathematical expression "k=(1 / TE-1 / TC) / (In(RE)-In(RC))".The activation energy factor k becomes smaller as the difference between the resistance value RE and the resistance value RC becomes larger. On the other hand, the activation energy factor k becomes larger as the difference between the resistance value RE and the resistance value RC becomes smaller. Therefore, the method of calculating the activation energy factor k is substantially equivalent to the method of determining how large the difference between the resistance value RE and the resistance value RC is.In parallel with the method of calculating the activation energy factor k in step S 12, the heating amount calculator 153 calculates a temporary heating amount Qtargeton the basis of the pressure PC, the pressure PE, the temperature TC, and the temperature TE (step S 13). The temporary heating amount Qtargetrepresents a temporary target value of a heat amount that should be applied (in other words, transmitted) to the entire all-solid-state battery 11 (in particular, the peripheral part 11E thereof) by the heating of the heater 14.Specifically, when the resistance value RC is equal to the resistance value RE, the point corresponding to the resistance value RC and the temperature TC is the same as the point corresponding to the resistance value RE and the temperature TE on the planar coordinate system as illustrated in FIG. 7A, in which the horizontal axis represents the inverse number of the temperature T and the vertical axis represents the natural logarithm value of the resistance value R. In this case, the all-solid-state battery 11 does not necessarily need to be heated. On the other hand, as illustrated in FIG. 7B, when the resistance value RC is different from the resistance value RE, the point corresponding to the resistance value RC and the temperature TC is apart from the point corresponding to the resistance value RE and the temperature TE along at least the vertical axis of the planar coordinate system in which the horizontal axis represents the inverse number of the temperature T and the vertical axis represents the natural logarithm value of the resistance value R. Note that FIG. 7B illustrates an example in which the temperature TC is equal to the temperature TE for the sake of simple description. In this case, when the edge part 11E is heated until the temperature TE of the edge part 11E reaches a target temperature TE_target, the resistance value RE is decreased to be equal to the resistance value RC.Thus, the heating amount calculator 153 first calculates the target temperature TE_target. Here, a specific example of a method of calculating the target temperature TE_target will be described, but the heating amount calculator 153 may calculate the target temperature TE_target (alternatively, the temporary heating amount Qtarget) using another method. When the heating amount calculator 153 executes a specific example of a method for calculating the target temperature TE_target, the heating amount calculator 153 obtains an activation energy factor k' unique to the all-solid-state battery 11. As with the above-described activation energy factor k, the activation energy factor k' is proportional to the inverse number of the activation energy of the all-solid-state battery 11. To calculate the activation energy factor k', first, the resistance value R of the all-solid-state battery 11 is measured in an ideal state while the temperature T of the all-solid-state battery 11 is varied in the ideal state. The all-solid-state battery 11 in the ideal state is the all-solid-state battery 11 in which the pressure PC is equal to the pressure PE (that is, uniform pressure is applied in the XY plane). Then, the relationship between the measured resistance value R and the temperature T is drawn in a planar coordinate system in which the horizontal axis represents the inverse number of the temperature T and the vertical axis represents the natural logarithm value of the resistance value R. Then, as the activation energy factor k', an inverse number of the inclination of a line obtained by interpolating the drawn points is calculated. The calculated activation energy factor k' is stored in a memory and the like. In the calculation of the target temperature TE_target, the heating amount calculator 153 reads out the activation energy factor k' stored in the memory and the like. Then, the heating amount calculator 153 calculates the target temperature TE_target using the mathematical expression "TE_target=1000 / (1000 / TC-k' × (In(RE)-In(RC))".Then, the heating amount calculator 153 calculates the temporary heating amount Qtargeton the basis of the calculated target temperature TE_target, the actual temperature TE of the rim part 11E, and a heat capacity C of the all-solid-state battery 11.Then, the heating instruction determiner 154 calculates an accurate heating amount Q based on the activation energy factor k calculated in step S 12, the temporary heating amount Qtarget calculated in step S 13, and an SOC (state of charge) of the all-solid-state battery 11 (step S 14). The accurate heating amount Q represents a final target value of the amount of heat that should be applied to the all-solid-state battery 11 (particularly, the peripheral part 11E thereof) by heating the heater 14.Specifically, the heating instruction determiner 154 sets a heating flag m indicating whether to heat the all-solid-state battery 11 by the heater 14 to calculate the accurate heating amount Q. When the activation energy factor k is less than a predetermined threshold TH 1 and the SOC is less than a predetermined threshold TH 2, the heating instruction determiner 154 sets the heating flag m to the value "1" indicating that the all-solid-state battery 11 should be heated by the heater 14, as illustrated in FIG. 8. On the other hand, when the activation energy factor k is larger than the threshold TH 1 and / or the SOC is larger than the threshold TH 2, the heating instruction determiner 154 sets the heating flag m to the value "0" indicating that the all-solid-state battery 11 should not be heated by the heater 14. When the activation energy factor k is equal to the threshold TH 1, the heating instruction determiner 154 may execute the process executed when the activation energy factor k is greater than the threshold TH 1 or may execute the process executed when the activation energy factor k is less than the threshold TH 1. When the SOC is equal to the threshold value TH 2, the heating instruction determiner 154 may execute the process executed when the SOC is greater than the threshold value TH 2 or may execute the process executed when the SOC is less than the threshold value TH 2.The reason why the all-solid-state battery 11 is not heated when the activation energy factor k is larger than the threshold value TH 1 is as follows. On the one hand, as described above, the activation energy factor k becomes larger as the difference between the resistance value RC and the resistance value RE becomes smaller. That is, when the activation energy factor k is larger than the threshold value TH 1, the difference between the resistance value RC and the resistance value RE should be relatively small. When the difference between the resistance value RC and the resistance value RE is relatively small, the above-described technical problem such as the deterioration of the all-solid-state battery 11 does not occur remarkably compared with the case where the difference between the resistance value RC and the resistance value RE is relatively large. On the other hand, when the temperature of the all-solid-state battery 11 increases too much due to the heating of the all-solid-state battery 11, there is a possibility that the all-solid-state battery 11 deteriorates. Thus, in the present embodiment, the heating instruction determiner 154 determines that the all-solid-state battery 11 should not be heated by the heater 14 when the technical problem such as the deterioration of the all-solid-state battery 11 does not occur to a remarkable extent (that is, when the activation energy factor k is greater than the threshold value TH 1). That is, in the present embodiment, the all-solid-state battery 11 is heated by the heater 14 when the technical problem such as the deterioration of the all-solid-state battery 11 occurs remarkably (that is, when the activation energy factor k is less than the threshold value TH 1).Considering the above-described reason why the all-solid-state battery 11 is not heated when the activation energy factor k is larger than the threshold value TH 1, it is preferable that the threshold value TH 1 is set to an appropriate value that enables the situation in which the technical problem such as the deterioration of the all-solid-state battery 11 remarkably occurs and the situation in which the technical problem such as the deterioration of the all-solid-state battery 11 does not remarkably occur to be distinguished from each other based on the activation energy factor k (that is, based on the difference between the resistance value RE and the resistance value RC).Moreover, the reason why the all-solid-state battery 11 is not warmed when the SOC is greater than the threshold TH 2 is as follows. First, the anode 112 (in some cases, also at least one of the cathode 111 and the solid electrolyte layer 113) expands more largely as the SOC increases due to the characteristics of the all-solid-state battery 11. As a result, as illustrated in the lower graph in FIG. 9, the pressure applied from the restriction member 114 to the all-solid-state battery 11 becomes larger as the SOC becomes larger.On the other hand, as illustrated in the upper graph in FIG. 9, the resistance value R of a specific part of the all-solid-state battery 11 varies more in response to the variation of the pressure P applied to that specific part as the pressure P applied from the restriction member 114 to the all-solid-state battery 11 decreases. Thus, the amount of variation of the resistance value R of the specific part of the all solid-state battery 11 that varies in response to the variation of the pressure P applied to this specific part (in other words, a rate of the amount of variation of the resistance value R with respect to a unit amount of variation of the pressure P applied to this specific part) becomes larger as the pressure P applied to the all solid-state battery 11 by the restriction member 114 becomes smaller. On the other hand, the amount of variation of the resistance value R of the specific part of the all-solid-state battery 11 that varies in response to the variation of the pressure P applied to this specific part becomes smaller as the pressure P applied from the restriction member 114 to the all-solid-state battery 11 becomes larger. When the amount of variation of the resistance value R in response to the variation of the pressure P is small, the above-described technical problem such as the deterioration of the all-solid-state battery 11 is less likely to occur remarkably, compared with the case where the amount of variation of the resistance value R in response to the variation of the pressure P is large. This is because the difference between the resistance value RC and the resistance value RE caused by the unevenness between the pressure PC and the pressure PE is smaller when the amount of variation of the resistance value R in response to the variation of the pressure P is small, compared with the case where the amount of variation of the resistance value R in response to the variation of the pressure P is large. Thus, in the present embodiment, the heating instruction determiner 154 determines that the all-solid-state battery 11 should not be heated by the heater 14 when the technical problem such as the deterioration of the all-solid-state battery 11 does not occur to a remarkable extent (that is, when the SOC is greater than the threshold TH 2 than). That is, in the present embodiment, the all-solid-state battery 11 is heated by the heater 14 when the technical problem such as the deterioration of the all-solid-state battery 11 occurs remarkably (that is, when the SOC is less than the threshold TH 2).In view of the reason described above, therefore, when the SOC is greater than the threshold TH 2, the solid-state battery 11 is not heated, it is preferable that the threshold TH 2 be set to an appropriate value that enables the situation in which the technical problem such as the deterioration of the solid-state battery 11 occurs to a remarkable extent and the situation in which the technical problem such as the deterioration of the solid-state battery 11 does not occur to a remarkable extent to be distinguished from each other based on the SOC.Then, the heating instruction determiner 154 sets the accurate heating amount Q to a value obtained by multiplying the temporary heating amount Qtarget calculated in step S 13 by the heating flag m. Therefore, when the heating flag m is 1, the accurate heating amount Q is equal to the temporary heating amount Qtarget. On the other hand, when the heating flag m is 0, the accurate heating amount Q is 0.Then, the heating instruction determiner 154 controls the heater 14 such that the heat corresponding to the accurate heating amount Q calculated in step S 14 is applied to the edge part 11E (step S 15). As a result, the edge part 11E is heated (in other words, heated) until the temperature TE of the edge part 11E reaches the target temperature TE_target. Therefore, due to the heating of the edge part 11E, the resistance value RE decreases, and thus the difference between the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E and the resistance value RC of the center part 11C is decreased (is preferably decreased to zero).(3) Technical EffectAs described above, in the present embodiment, the edge part 11E is heated so as to reduce the difference between the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E and the resistance value RC of the center part 11C. In particular, when there is a possibility that an excessively large electric current flows in the central part 11C because the resistance value RE of the peripheral part 11E is largely different from the resistance value RC of the central part 11C as illustrated in the second and third graphs in FIG. 10, the peripheral part 11E is partially heated as illustrated in the fourth graph in FIG. 10. In this case, the temperature TE of the edge part 11E is typically higher than the temperature TC of the center part 11C. As a result, as illustrated in the fifth graph in FIG. 10, the difference between the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E and the resistance value RC of the center part 11C is less than the difference before heating the edge part 11E. That is, the ECU 15 in the present embodiment is capable of appropriately preventing unevenness (in other words, variation or variability) of the resistance value R of the all-solid-state battery 11 in the XY plane when there is a possibility that the resistance value R in the XY plane varies due to the unevenness of the pressure P applied from the restricting member 114 to the all-solid-state battery 11 in the XY plane. Thus, as illustrated in the sixth graph in FIG. 10, there is less or less possibility that an excessively large electric current flows in the center part 11C. Thus, in the present embodiment, the ECU 15 is capable of controlling the all-solid-state battery 11 so as to avoid deterioration of the all-solid-state battery 11.Moreover, in the present embodiment, when it is determined that without heating the all-solid-state battery 11, the technical problem such as deterioration of the all-solid-state battery 11 does not occur to any remarkable extent, the all-solid-state battery 11 is not heated when it is determined based on the activation energy factor k and the SOC of the all-solid-state battery 11. Thus, it is possible to prevent an excessive rise in the temperature T of the all-solid-state battery 11 as compared with the case where the all-solid-state battery 11 is heated regardless of the activation energy factor k and the SOC. As a result, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the all-solid-state battery 11 due to excessive increase in the temperature T of the all-solid-state battery 11. Note that it is preferable that the all-solid-state battery 11 is not heated when the temperature T of the all-solid-state battery 11 is equal to or higher than an upper limit temperature at which the all-solid-state battery 11 should not be further heated even when the heating flag m is 1, in order to prevent deterioration of the all-solid-state battery 11 due to excessive increase in the temperature T of the all-solid-state battery 11.Note that the heat resistance temperature of an all-solid-state battery 11 is higher than that of a liquid-type battery in which the electrolyte is liquid due to the characteristics of the all-solid-state battery 11. Thus, when the above-described temperature control operation for reducing the difference between the resistance value RE and the resistance value RC by heating the edge part 11E is performed on the all-solid-state battery 11, a temperature range over which the all-solid-state battery 11 is allowed to be heated is larger than that in the case where the above-described temperature control operation is performed on a liquid-type battery. Thus, when the above-described temperature control operation is performed on the all-solid-state battery 11, it is possible to ensure more opportunities for heating the all-solid-state battery 11 for the purpose of reducing the difference between the resistance value RE and the resistance value RC than in the case where the above-described temperature control operation is performed on a liquid-type battery. This is a technical effect advantageous in practice.(4) Modified Example(4-1) First Modified ExampleIn the above description, the vehicle 1 is provided with the heater 14 configured to heat the edge part 11E on which the restriction member 114 applies a pressure lower than the pressure applied to the center part 11C. On the other hand, in a first modified example, a vehicle 2 differs from the vehicle 1 in that the vehicle 2 is provided with a cooling 24 instead of (alternatively, in addition to) the heater 14, the cooling 24 being configured to cool the central part 11C on which the restriction member 114 applies a pressure greater than the pressure applied to the edge part 11E. It should be noted that the cooling 24 is an example of a "cooling device" in the additional specification described below. Moreover, the vehicle 2 is different from the vehicle 1 in that the vehicle 2 is provided with an ECU 25 instead of the ECU 15. The ECU 25 is different from the ECU 15 in that the ECU 25 is provided with a cooling amount calculator 253 and a cooling instruction determiner 254 instead of the heating amount calculator 153 and the heating instruction determiner 154. The cooling amount calculator 253 calculates a temporary cooling amount Qtarget' using a method similar to the method used by the heating amount calculator 153. The temporary cooling amount Qtarget' represents a temporary target value of a heat amount that should be discharged (in other words, transmitted) from the all-solid-state battery 11 (in particular, the center part 11C thereof) by cooling by the cooling 24. Moreover, the cooling instruction determiner 254 sets a cooling flag m' indicating whether the all-solid-state battery 11 is to be cooled by the cooling 24, and sets an accurate cooling amount Q' to a value obtained by multiplying the temporary cooling amount Qtarget' by the cooling flag m' by using a method the same as the method used by the heating instruction determiner 154.As described above, in the first modified example, the center part 11C is cooled so that the difference between the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E and the resistance value RC of the center part 11C is reduced. Specifically, when there is a possibility that an excessively large electric current flows in the center part 11C because the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E is largely different from the resistance value RC of the center part 11C as illustrated in the second and third graphs in FIG. 12, the center part 11C is partially cooled as illustrated in the fourth graph in FIG. 12. In this case, the temperature TC of the central part 11C is typically lower than the temperature TE of the peripheral part 11E. As a result, as illustrated in the fifth diagram in FIG. 12, the difference between the resistance value RE of the edge part 11E and the resistance value RC of the center part 11C is less than the difference before cooling the center part 11C. Thus, as illustrated in the sixth diagram in FIG. 12, there is less or less possibility that an excessively large electric current flows in the center part 11C. Thus, even by the first modified example, a technical effect similar to the above-described technical effect can be obtained.(4-2) Second Modified ExampleIn the above description, the heating flag m is set to 0 or 1 based on the activation energy factor k and the SOC. However, as the activation energy factor k becomes larger, the heating flag m may be set to a value that becomes smaller. As the SOC becomes larger, the heating flag m may be set to a value that becomes smaller.For example, the heating instruction determiner 154 may set a heating flag m 1 based on the activation energy factor k, and may separately set a heating flag m 2 based on the SOC and sets the heating flag m to a value obtained by multiplying the heating flag m 1 by the heating flag m 2. In this case, (i) the heating instruction determiner 154 may set the heating flag m 1 to a value of "1" when the activation energy factor k is less than a predetermined threshold TH 3, (ii) the heating instruction determiner 154 may set the heating flag m 1 to a value that gradually or stepwise decreases (i.e., decreases) when the activation energy factor k becomes greater (i.e., increases) when the activation energy factor k is greater than the threshold TH 3 and less than a predetermined threshold TH 4 (the threshold TH 4 is greater than the threshold TH 3), and (iii) the heating instruction determiner 154 may set the heating flag m 1 to a value of "0" when the activation energy factor k is greater than the threshold TH 4, as shown in Fig. 13A. Similarly, (i) the heating instruction determiner 154 may set the heating flag m 2 to a value of "1" when the SOC is less than a predetermined threshold TH 5, (ii) the heating instruction determiner 154 may set the heating flag m 2 to a value that gradually or stepwise decreases (i.e., decreases) when the SOC becomes greater (i.e., increases) when the SOC is greater than the threshold TH 5 and less than a predetermined threshold TH 6 (the threshold TH 6 is greater than the threshold TH 5), and (iii) the heating instruction determiner 154 may set the heating flag m 2 to a value of "0" when the SOC is greater than the threshold TH 6, as illustrated in FIG. 13B. Note that it is preferable that the threshold values TH 3 and TH 4 are set as in the above-described threshold value TH 1. Likewise, it is preferable that the threshold values TH 5 and TH 6 are set as in the above-described threshold value TH 2.According to the second modified example, it is possible to ensure more opportunities for heating the all-solid-state battery 11 for the purpose of reducing the difference between the resistance value RE and the resistance value RC while preventing, to some extent, an excessive rise in the temperature T of the all-solid-state battery 11.(4-3) Another modified exampleIn the above description, the ECU 15 calculates the activation energy factor k and controls the heater 14 such that the edge part 11E is heated when the activation energy factor k is less than the threshold value TH 1, and the edge part 11E is not heated when the activation energy factor k is greater than the threshold value TH 1. However, considering the fact that the activation energy factor k becomes smaller as the difference between the resistance value RE and the resistance value RC becomes larger as described above (that is, the method of calculating the activation energy factor k is substantially equivalent to the method of determining how large the difference between the resistance value RE and the resistance value RC is), the ECU 15 may directly calculate the difference between the resistance value RE and the resistance value RC calculated in step S 11 in FIG. 4 and control the heater 14 such that the edge part 11E is heated when the calculated difference is larger than a predetermined threshold value TH 7 and the edge part 11E is not heated when the calculated difference is smaller than the threshold value TH 7. Note that it is preferable that the threshold TH 7 is set as the above-described threshold TH 1.In the above description, the ECU 15 controls the heater 14 so that the edge part 11E is heated and the center part 11C is not heated. However, the ECU 15 may control the heater 14 so as to adjust the amount of heat supplied from the heater 14 to each part of the all-solid-state battery 11 based on the position of each part in the XY plane. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 14 (specifically, in the fourth graph), the ECU 15 may control the heater 14 so that the amount of heat supplied from the heater 14 to each part of the all-solid-state battery 11 is adjusted (e.g., increased or decreased) based on the resistance value R of each part in the XY plane. In this case, it is possible to more appropriately prevent the unevenness of the resistance value R of the all-solid-state battery 11 in the XY plane.In the above description, the ECU 15 controls the heater 14 such that the heater 14 heats the edge part 11E to which a relatively small pressure is applied from the restriction member 114, and the heater 14 does not heat the center part 11C to which a relatively large pressure is applied from the restriction member 114. However, the ECU 15 may control the heater 14 such that the heater 14 heats a part (instead of or in addition to the edge part 11E) of the all-solid-state battery 11 to which a relatively small pressure is applied from the restriction member 114 and the heater 14 does not heat another part (instead of or in addition to the center part 11C) of the all-solid-state battery 11 to which a relatively large pressure is applied from the restriction member 114. In other words, the ECU 15 can control the temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery 11 in the XY plane in any manner without distinguishing between the edge part 11E and the center part 11C. For example, when the pressure P applied from the restriction member 114 to each part of the all-solid-state battery 11 increases as each part is more in the +X direction, as illustrated in the first graph in FIG. 15, the ECU 15 may control the heater 14 such that the heater 14 heats a part of the all-solid-state battery 11 that is relatively close to an edge part of the all-solid-state battery 11 on the -X side (on a left side in FIG. 15 ) and the heater 14 does not heat a part of the all-solid-state battery 11 that is relatively close to an edge part of the all-solid-state battery 11 on the +X side (on a right side in FIG. 15 ). In this case, the above-described technical effect can be achieved even if the pressure P applied by the restricting member 114 varies arbitrarily in the XY plane. In this case, however, it is preferable that both the pressure sensor 14P and the temperature sensor 14T be disposed at an appropriate position based on the non-uniformity of the pressure P applied from the restriction member 114. For example, it is preferable that a pressure sensor 14P and a temperature sensor 14T are located at a part on which the restriction member 114 applies a relatively large pressure P, and another pressure sensor 14P and another temperature sensor 14T are located at a part on which the restriction member 114 applies a relatively small pressure P.(5) Additional DetailsWith respect to the above-described embodiment, the following additional details are disclosed.(5-1) Additional Information 1A control device according to Additional Clause 1 is configured to control an all-solid-state battery, the all-solid-state battery including a laminated body in which a cathode, an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode and the anode are laminated, the control device being configured to perform a control operation of controlling a temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery in a plane intersecting with a lamination direction of the laminated body such that, in the plane, the difference between a resistance value of a first part of the all-solid-state battery and a resistance value of a second part of the all-solid-state battery different from the first part is smaller than the difference in the case where the control operation is not performed.When the temperature of a specific part of the all-solid-state battery rises, the resistance value of this specific part decreases compared to the resistance value before the rise of the temperature of the specific part of the all-solid-state battery. On the other hand, when the temperature of the specific part of the all-solid-state battery decreases, the resistance value of this specific part increases compared to the resistance value before the temperature of the specific part of the all-solid-state battery decreases. In view of this relationship between the temperature and the resistance value of the specific part of the all-solid-state battery, the control device according to Additional Clause 1 is capable of executing the control operation for controlling the temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery so as to reduce the difference between the resistance value of the first part of the all-solid-state battery and the resistance value of the second part of the all-solid-state battery. As a result, the control device according to Additional Clause 1 is capable of appropriately preventing non-uniformity (in other words, variation or variability) of the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery in the plane intersecting with the lamination direction of the laminated body.(5-2) Additional Information 2A control device according to Additional Indication 2 is the control device according to Additional Indication 1, wherein a restricting member applies a pressure to the all solid state battery in the lamination direction, and the pressure applied by the restricting member to the second part is less than the pressure applied by the restricting member to the first part.When the pressure applied to the second part by the restricting member is lower (i.e., different) than the pressure applied to the first part by the restricting member, the resistance value of the second part is different from the resistance value of the first part. Typically, the resistance value of the second part is greater than the resistance value of the first part. Even in this case, the control device according to Additional Clause 2 is capable of appropriately preventing the unevenness of the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery by controlling the temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery so that the difference between the resistance value of the first part of the all-solid-state battery and the resistance value of the second part of the all-solid-state battery is reduced.(5-3) Additional Information 3A control device according to Additional Indication 3 is the control device according to Additional Indication 2, wherein in the plane intersecting with the lamination direction, the second part is located closer to an edge part of the all-solid-state battery than the first part.When the restricting member applies pressure to the all-solid-state battery in the lamination direction, there is a high possibility that the pressure applied by the restricting member to the second part located relatively close to the edge part of the all-solid-state battery is different from the pressure applied by the restricting member to the first part located relatively far from the edge part of the all-solid-state battery due to a relationship between the position at which the restricting member is located and the position at which the all-solid-state battery is located. Typically, there is a high possibility that the pressure applied by the restricting member to the second part located relatively close to the edge part of the all-solid-state battery is less than the pressure applied by the restricting member to the first part located relatively far from the edge part of the all-solid-state battery. Thus, the control device according to Additional Clause 3 is capable of appropriately preventing the unevenness of the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery on which the restricting member applies the pressure in the lamination direction.(5-4) Additional Information 4A control device according to Additional Clause 4 is the control device according to any one of Additional Clause 1 to 4, wherein the resistance value of the second part is greater than the resistance value of the first part, and the control operation includes a heating operation for heating the second part so that the temperature of the second part is higher than that in the case where the control operation is not performed.When the control device according to the additional specification 4 heats (i.e., heats) the second part having a resistance value larger than the resistance value of the first part, the resistance value of the second part decreases compared to the resistance value of the second part before the second part is heated. This reduces the difference between the resistance value of the first part and the resistance value of the second part. Thus, the control device according to the additional specification 4 is capable of appropriately preventing the unevenness of the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery.(5-5) Additional Information 5A control device according to Additional Clause 5 is the control device according to any one of Additional Clause 1 to 4, wherein the resistance value of the first part is less than the resistance value of the second part, and the control operation includes a cooling operation for cooling the first part so that the temperature of the first part is lower than that in the case where the control operation is not performed.When the control device according to the additional specification 5 cools the first part whose resistance value is smaller than the resistance value of the second part, the resistance value of the first part increases compared with the resistance value of the first part before the first part is cooled. This reduces the difference between the resistance value of the first part and the resistance value of the second part. Thus, the control device according to the additional specification 5 is capable of appropriately preventing the unevenness of the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery.(5-6) Additional Item 6A control device according to Additional Clause 6 is the control device according to any one of Additional Clause 1 to 5, wherein the control device is configured to execute the control operation when the amount of electricity stored in the all-solid-state battery is less than a predetermined first threshold value, and the control device is configured not to execute the control operation when the amount of electricity stored in the all-solid-state battery is greater than the first threshold value.When the amount of stored electricity in the all-solid-state battery is smaller than the first threshold (in other words, is relatively small), the resistance value of the specific part of the all-solid-state battery varies, in response to the variation of the pressure applied to this specific part, to a greater extent than compared to the case where the amount of stored electricity in the all-solid-state battery is larger than the first threshold (in other words, is relatively large). Thus, when the amount of electricity stored in the all-solid-state battery is less than the first threshold, there is a higher possibility that the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery varies compared to the case where the amount of electricity stored in the all-solid-state battery is greater than the first threshold. The control device according to Additional Clause 6 is capable of selectively controlling the temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery when there is a higher possibility that the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery varies. On the other hand, according to the additional indication 6, the control device will not control the temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery when there is less possibility that the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery varies. Thus, the control device according to the additional indication 6 is capable of appropriately preventing the unevenness of the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery without excessively increasing or decreasing the temperature of the all-solid-state battery due to the control operation.(5-7) Additional Information 7A control device according to the additional specification 7 is the control device according to any one of the additional specifications 1 to 6, wherein the control device is configured to execute the control operation when the difference between the resistance value of the first part and the resistance value of the second part is greater than a predetermined second threshold value, wherein the control device is configured not to execute the control operation when the difference between the resistance value of the first part and the resistance value of the second part is less than the second threshold value.When the difference between the resistance value of the first part and the resistance value of the second part is larger than the second threshold value, it is assumed that the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery varies relatively greatly (i.e., a degree of non-uniformity of the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery is relatively large) as compared to the case where the difference between the resistance value of the first part and the resistance value of the second part is smaller than the second threshold value. Thus, according to the additional indication 7, the control device is capable of selectively controlling the temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery when the degree of non-uniformity of the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery is relatively large. On the other hand, according to the additional specification 7, the control device will not control the temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery when the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery does not vary (alternatively, when the degree of non-uniformity of the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery is relatively small). Thus, according to the additional indication 7, the control device is capable of appropriately preventing the unevenness of the resistance value of the all-solid-state battery without excessively increasing or decreasing the temperature of the all-solid-state battery due to the control operation.(5-8) Additional Indication 8A battery system according to Additional Specification 8 is provided with: an all-solid-state battery including a laminated body in which a cathode, an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode and the anode are laminated; and the control device according to any one of Additional Specifications 1 to 7.The battery system according to Additional Specification 8 is capable of achieving a technical effect that is the same as the technical effect achieved by the above-described control device according to any one of Additional Specifications 1 to 7.(5-9) Additional Indication 9A battery system according to additional indication 9 is the battery system according to additional indication 8, wherein the battery system further comprises at least one of a cooling device configured to cool the all solid state battery and a heating device configured to heat the all solid state battery, and the control device is configured to execute the control operation using at least one of the cooling device and the heating device.The battery system according to Additional Clause 9 is capable of achieving the technical effect that is the same as the technical effect achieved by the above-described control device according to any one of Additional Clause 1 to Additional Clause 7 by controlling the temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery by using at least one of the heating device and the cooling device.At least a part of the features in the above-described embodiment and the modified examples may be appropriately removed or modified. At least a part of the features in the above-described embodiment and the modified examples may be combined with another one of the above-described embodiments and the modified examples.This application is based on and claims priority from prior Japanese Patent Application JP 2017-239 430 A filed on Dec. 14, 2017, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Moreover, the entire contents of Patent Literature 1 described above are incorporated herein by reference.All examples and conditional language cited herein serve paedagogical purposes to facilitate the reader's understanding of the invention and the concepts contributed by the inventor to further developing the prior art, and are to be construed as not being limited to such specific examples and conditions, nor is the embodiment of such examples in the specification directed to demonstrating the superiority and inferiority of the invention. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it is to be understood that various changes, additions and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is also intended that a control device and a battery system each of which includes such changes are also within the technical scope of the present invention.Reference Character List1, 2 Vehicle 11 All-solid battery 11C Center part 11E Edge part 111 Cathode 112 Anode 113 Solid electrolyte layer 114 Restriction member 114 a, 114 b, 114 c Restriction plate 12 Inverter 13 Motor generator 14 Heater 14T, 14TC, 14TE Temperature sensor 14P, 14PC, 14PT Pressure sensor 15, 25 ECU 151 Resistance calculator 152 Activation energy calculator 153 Heating amount calculator 154 Heating instruction determiner 24 Cooling 253 Cooling amount calculator 254 Cooling instruction determiner C Cell T, TC, TE Temperature TE_target Target temperature P, PC, PE Pressure R, RC, RE Resistance value Qtarget Temporary heating amount Q Accurate heating amount m, m 1, m 2 Heating flag TH 1 to TH 7 Threshold

Claims

A battery system comprising: an all-solid-state battery (11) having a laminated body in which a cathode (111), an anode (112), and a solid electrolyte layer (113) disposed between the cathode (111) and the anode (112) are laminated; and a control device configured to perform a control operation for controlling a temperature distribution of the all-solid-state battery (11) in a plane intersecting with a lamination direction of the laminated body such that, in the plane, the difference between a resistance value of a first part of the all-solid-state battery (11) and a resistance value of a second part of the all-solid-state battery (11) different from the first part is less than the difference in the case where the control operation is not performed.The battery system according to claim 1, wherein a restricting member (114) applies a pressure to the all solid state battery (11) in the lamination direction, and the pressure applied to the second part by the restricting member (114) is less than the pressure applied to the first part by the restricting member (114).The battery system according to claim 2, wherein in the plane intersecting with the lamination direction, the second part is located closer to an edge part (11E) of the all solid state battery (11) than the first part.The battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the resistance value of the second part is larger than the resistance value of the first part, and the control operation includes a heating operation for heating the second part such that the temperature of the second part is higher than that in the case where the control operation is not performed.The battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the resistance value of the first part is smaller than the resistance value of the second part, and the control operation includes a cooling operation for cooling the first part such that the temperature of the first part is lower than that in the case where the control operation is not performed.The battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control device is configured to execute the control operation when the amount of electricity stored in the all-solid-state battery (11) is less than a predetermined first threshold value, and the control device is configured not to execute the control operation when the amount of electricity stored in the all-solid-state battery (11) is greater than the first threshold value.The battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control device is configured to execute the control operation when the difference between the resistance value of the first part and the resistance value of the second part is greater than a predetermined second threshold value, and the control device is configured not to execute the control operation when the difference between the resistance value of the first part and the resistance value of the second part is less than the second threshold value.The battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the battery system further comprises at least one of a cooling device (24) configured to cool the all-solid-state battery (11) and a heating device (14) configured to heat the all-solid-state battery (11), and the control device is configured to execute the control operation using at least one of the cooling device (24) and the heating device (14).

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