Heating arrangement for heating a wall and room arrangement with a wall with such a heating arrangement

Abstract

Heating arrangement (1) for heating a wall (3) with the following features: - at least one heating module (10) is provided; - the at least one heating module (10) comprises a pipe arrangement (11) having a main pipe (12); - the at least one heating module (10) comprises an electrically operated heating element (4) which is arranged in the main pipe (12); - the main pipe (12) is filled with a PCM material (13); - the at least one heating module (10) comprises a heat conduction nozzle (15) which is connected directly or indirectly to the pipe arrangement (11) for the transfer of heat energy between the main pipe (12) and the at least one heat conduction nozzle (15) and projects laterally from the pipe arrangement (11);- at least a part of the at least one heat-conducting nozzle (15) can be inserted into an opening (31) in the wall (3), wherein heating of the main pipe (12) leads to heating of the at least one heat-conducting nozzle (15) and thus to heating of the wall (3); - at least one sleeve (16) is provided which is made of or comprises metal; - the at least one heat-conducting nozzle (15) is attached to the at least one sleeve (16) or formed integrally with it; - the at least one sleeve (16) is bent around the pipe assembly (11) and thereby attached to it, so that heat energy can be transferred from the pipe assembly (11) via the at least one sleeve (16) to the at least one heat-conducting nozzle (15).

Description

The invention relates to a heating arrangement for heating a wall and a room arrangement which has a corresponding wall which is heated by such a heating arrangement. Such a heating system, which warms a wall, offers the advantage that the wall remains dry at all times, preventing mold growth even in humid conditions. Simultaneously, a wall heated in this way radiates a type of warmth that people find more pleasant compared to the heat emitted by a conventional radiator. This type of warmth allows a room to be heated to a lower temperature than with conventional heating systems, while still achieving a similar level of comfort. In the context of this invention, a "wall" is understood to mean stone walls (e.g., masonry of all kinds) and wooden walls. A "room arrangement" can be a building arrangement comprising one or more rooms. A "room arrangement" can also include a residential container or a space in a ship (e.g., the hull) or a space in a caravan or motorhome in which a wall is formed. DE 203 06 860 U1 relates to a continuous heating element, particularly for surface heating systems such as underfloor heating in passive and low-energy buildings. The aim is to use the heating element for energy storage by means of a latent heat-storing material that is in thermal contact with a heat-generating base element. A corresponding heating arrangement is known from EP 3 021 048 A1. This arrangement comprises a tube filled with a water mixture. A heating wire is guided through this tube, heating the water mixture. The tube is positioned against the masonry. In addition to this tube, there is a second tube, which is operatively connected to the first tube and runs parallel to it. This second tube is positioned in a corresponding longitudinal recess in the masonry. A disadvantage of EP 3 021 048 A1 is that sealing the pipes is complicated and an effective seal can hardly be maintained over a longer period. At the same time, significant intervention in the masonry is required to create a corresponding longitudinal slot along the entire length of the pipe. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a heating arrangement for heating a wall and a corresponding room arrangement with such a heating arrangement that are easier to manufacture, have higher efficiency and can be installed subsequently without much effort. The problem is solved with respect to the heating arrangement according to the invention by independent claim 1 and with respect to the spatial arrangement by claim 19. Further developments of the heating arrangement according to the invention are specified in claims 2 to 18. Further developments of the spatial arrangement according to the invention are specified in claims 20 to 26. The heating arrangement according to the invention serves to heat a wall. The wall can be, for example, a masonry structure consisting of bricks or firebricks. Other types of walls, such as wooden walls, can also be heated in this way. The heating arrangement comprises at least one heating module. The at least one heating module comprises a pipe arrangement having a main pipe. The at least one heating module further comprises an electrically operated heating element, which is arranged in the main pipe. The electrically operated heating element is preferably arranged in the center of the main pipe and preferably extends over the entire length of the main pipe. The main pipe is further filled with a PCM material. A PCM material (phase change material) is understood to be a latent heat storage medium, which can also be referred to as a phase change or PCM storage medium.This is a type of heat storage device that stores a large portion of the supplied thermal energy in the form of latent heat (e.g., for a phase change from solid to (viscous) liquid). The stored heat is "hidden" because, as long as the phase transition is not completely finished, the temperature of the PCM material does not rise further despite the heat input. The PCM material used can therefore store very large amounts of heat within a small temperature range around the phase change, surpassing heat storage devices that only utilize the sensible heat of a substance, such as a hot water storage tank known from the aforementioned prior art. When the PCM material is heated or "charged," the storage medium, which is preferably paraffin or salts, melts. A significant amount of energy is absorbed during this process. The release of this thermal energy (which can also be described as "discharging") then occurs during solidification. In this reverse state, the PCM material releases the previously absorbed heat back into the environment as heat of solidification. Such melting begins preferably at temperatures above 30°C. Below this temperature, the PCM material is preferably solid. The PCM material is preferably in powder form when poured in. After heating, it becomes molten and then solidifies into a corresponding PCM block. The heating module includes a heat transfer nozzle that is directly or indirectly connected to the pipe assembly, particularly the main pipe, for the transfer of heat energy between the main pipe and the heat transfer nozzle. This heat transfer nozzle projects laterally (e.g., radially outwards) from the pipe assembly. At least part of the heat transfer nozzle can be inserted into an opening in the wall. Heating the main pipe leads to heating of the heat transfer nozzle and thus to heating of the wall. When the electrically operated heating element is switched off, the PCM material inside the main pipe solidifies and continues to release additional heat over a longer period, which can be conducted directly into the wall via the heat transfer nozzle. This allows for very efficient heating of the wall. The main pipe and, in particular, the heat-conducting nozzle are made of, or comprise, a metal with very high thermal conductivity. This metal can be copper or a copper alloy. The heat transfer duct can, in principle, be hollow and filled with the same or a different PCM material. Preferably, however, it is solid, with a cross-section that is preferably smaller than that of the main pipe. The at least one heat transfer duct can have any cross-sectional shape (e.g., round, oval, rectangular). To increase the surface area, the pipe arrangement can preferably include a secondary pipe. This secondary pipe is (thermally) connected to the main pipe, so that heating of the main pipe also leads to heating of the secondary pipe. The secondary pipe itself preferably runs parallel to the main pipe. It could also run around the main pipe, in particular in a spiral shape. In particular, the secondary pipe is in contact with the main pipe (preferably along the majority or entire length of the secondary pipe). To minimize the thermal resistance between the secondary pipe and the main pipe, a further embodiment of the heating arrangement according to the invention provides that the secondary pipe is welded and / or brazed to the main pipe. Such a connection can be made over the entire length of the secondary pipe or only over a portion of its length. For example, various brazed or welded joints can be arranged offset from one another along the longitudinal direction of the secondary pipe. Additionally or alternatively, the secondary pipe could also be clamped to the main pipe. The secondary pipe and the main pipe are preferably of the same length. However, the secondary pipe could also be shorter or longer than the main pipe. The secondary pipe is preferably also hollow and further preferably filled with a PCM material, in particular with the same PCM material as the main pipe. In principle, the secondary pipe could also be solid. The secondary pipe preferably consists of the same material as the main pipe, in particular comprising or consisting of a metal, such as copper. The cross-sectional area of ​​the secondary pipe is preferably smaller than that of the main pipe. However, the cross-sectional area could also be the same size or larger. The cross-sectional area of ​​the secondary pipe can change along its length (e.g., increase or decrease). The same can also apply to the main pipe. In a preferred embodiment, the main tube or the secondary tube has a cross-section that is in the shape of: a) a rectangle; or b) a square; or c) a circle; or d) an oval; or e) an n-polygon, or is approximately such a shape. In a preferred embodiment, at least one heat-conducting nozzle is soldered, welded, and / or clamped to the pipe assembly. This heat-conducting nozzle can be soldered, welded, and / or clamped to the main pipe and / or the secondary pipe. The heat-conducting nozzle can be attached to the pipe assembly at any position. Preferably, the heat-conducting nozzle is attached to the pipe assembly without screws. This allows for corresponding openings to be made in the wall at any suitable location. In a further development of the heating arrangement according to the invention, the heating module comprises at least one sleeve. This sleeve is made of or includes metal, in particular copper. The at least one heat-conducting nozzle is attached to the at least one sleeve. The sleeve and the heat-conducting nozzle can also be manufactured as a single piece. The sleeve and / or the heat-conducting nozzle consist of a bent, stamped, and / or laser-cut part. The at least one sleeve is preferably bent around the pipe arrangement by more than at least half its circumference and thereby attached to it. This allows heat energy to be transferred from the pipe arrangement (in particular via the main pipe) to the at least one heat-conducting nozzle via the at least one sleeve. Preferably, the sleeve is attached to the pipe arrangement without screws, soldering, or welding.Preferably, the cuff is attached to the pipe assembly only by a clamping connection. The heat-conducting nozzle, at least one of which is preferably soldered and / or welded to the sleeve, could also be screwed to it if it is not a one-piece design (e.g., produced in a single injection molding or die-casting process). The sleeve is preferably at least partially adapted in shape to the shape of the pipe assembly, so that it can be placed against the pipe assembly and clamped to it with a suitable tool. In this case, individual elements of the sleeve are bent over so that the sleeve fits as tightly as possible against the pipe assembly and no longer detaches from it. At least one heat-conducting stub could be soldered, welded, and / or clamped directly to the main pipe without a sleeve. Alternatively, the heat-conducting stub could also be soldered, welded, and / or clamped to the secondary pipe. However, the option with the sleeve is preferred because it allows the heat-conducting stub to be attached to the pipe assembly during installation, depending on the opening in the wall, without significant effort. In a further embodiment of the heating arrangement according to the invention, several heat-conducting nozzles can also be used. These can be arranged at any point along the pipe arrangement, offset from one another in the longitudinal direction of the pipe arrangement. These heat-conducting nozzles are in turn connected to the pipe arrangement either indirectly (e.g., via the sleeve) or directly (e.g., by a direct soldered, welded, or clamped connection) for the transfer of heat energy between the main pipe and the respective heat-conducting nozzle. Preferably, all heat-conducting nozzles point in the same direction away from the pipe arrangement. Preferably, all heat-conducting nozzles are of the same length and preferably have the same diameter. However, this is not strictly necessary. Furthermore, preferably, the distance between the several heat-conducting nozzles is the same or different. In a further development of the heating arrangement according to the invention, the electrically operated heating element is a simple heating wire or a heating cable. Preferably, a heating cable is used which comprises a conductor system. This preferably includes a current conductor and a ground conductor and can be operated with both direct and alternating current. The current conductor and the ground conductor are preferably each surrounded by their own insulation. Alternatively, the current conductor and the ground conductor could also be overmolded with a common insulation. In this case, the heating cable further comprises a resistance wire, which is electrically connected at its first end to the current conductor and at its second end to the ground conductor.The resistance wire preferably runs spirally around the conductor system (on the corresponding insulation of the current conductor and the ground conductor) in the longitudinal direction of the heating cable. The resistance wire can be color-insulated, with the individual turns spaced apart from each other. An insulating layer is preferably also formed on top of this. A metal wire braid can also be arranged over this insulating layer. Additionally, a further insulating layer in the form of a sheath can be applied to the metal wire braid. In a further preferred embodiment of the heating arrangement according to the invention, it comprises one or more additional heating modules. Each of these heating modules is preferably of identical construction. The at least one heating module and the at least one additional heating module comprise main tubes, each with electrical connections (e.g., plugs or sockets) at both ends, which are electrically connected to the first or second end of the respective electrically operated heating element. The at least one heating module can be connected to a power source via its first electrical connection at its end face. Preferably, a switching device is arranged between these components, which—as will be explained later—can be controlled by a control device.At least one additional heating module is connected via its first electrical terminal on the front face to the second electrical terminal on the front face of the at least one heating module. In this case, the current conductors of all heating modules are electrically connected to each other, and the ground conductors of all heating modules are electrically connected to each other. The heating module could also include a protective conductor, preferably connected to the metal wire mesh. The ends of the heating modules are preferably sealed with hot-melt adhesive, which can also be used to secure the electrical connections. This hot-melt adhesive prevents the PCM material from escaping. Other sealing methods are also possible. The room arrangement according to the invention comprises a wall and a corresponding heating arrangement located within the room arrangement. A room arrangement can be understood to be a single room bounded by the wall. It can also be understood to be several rooms, such as an apartment or a house. The space in a ship, residential container, caravan, or motorhome can also be included. Preferably, at least one opening is provided in the wall, preferably in the area of ​​the floor, into which the at least one heat-conducting nozzle of the at least one heating module engages and projects. The diameter or shape of the opening preferably corresponds to the dimensions of the heat-conducting nozzle and is preferably only less than 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, or less than 10% larger than the heat-conducting nozzle.The electrically operated heating element of at least one heating module is electrically connected to an energy source within the room setup. This energy source could be, for example, the power grid or an energy storage device (e.g., a battery). The energy source could also be solar cells or a photovoltaic system. The term "in the area" means that the opening is preferably located less than 30 cm, 25 cm, 20 cm, 15 cm, 10 cm or less than 5 cm above the floor. The at least one heat-conducting nozzle of the at least one heating module can also be installed on or in the area of ​​(window) reveals or at corners and edges of the wall. In the case of a reveal, the heating module can be installed vertically (to the left or right of the window) or horizontally (above or below the window). The heating module is then predominantly or preferably completely inserted into a corresponding receiving opening. This receiving opening can be further extended by at least one opening for the at least one heat-conducting nozzle. This at least one opening can be driven further into the wall, or it can run parallel to the wall surface within the wall. The opening in the wall can also be positioned at a mid-height, i.e., between the ceiling and floor. This is particularly useful in rooms with ceiling heights of more than 3m, 3.5m, or 4m. Multiple heating modules can be stacked on top of each other. For example, one heating module can be positioned near the floor, and another further away. The second heating module can be positioned at a height of more than 80cm, 100cm, 150cm, 200cm, or more than 250cm above the floor, but preferably less than 220cm, 170cm, 130cm, or less than 90cm above the floor. The room arrangement according to the invention preferably comprises a heat-conducting base assembly, which is preferably arranged between the wall and the floor and covers at least one heating module. The at least one heating module is arranged between the wall, the floor, and the heat-conducting base assembly. The heat-conducting base assembly is preferably suspended in the wall and is spaced a few millimeters away from the wall and the floor, so that an airflow can develop. The air is drawn in through the gap between the heat-conducting base assembly and the floor, heated, and then flows through the gap between the heat-conducting base assembly and the wall along the wall, heating it from the outside. It is also possible, in principle, for the wall, particularly in the floor area, to include an opening into which at least one heating module is partially or completely inserted. This opening can then be further enlarged by the opening for the heat transfer pipe, which extends further into the wall. Preferably, the heating arrangement also includes at least one temperature sensor. This can be arranged in the area of ​​the pipe arrangement of the at least one heating module. The heating arrangement also includes a control device that is wirelessly or wired connected to the temperature sensor and is configured to receive a temperature reading from the sensor. Depending on a predefined setpoint temperature and a measured actual temperature, the control device is then configured to connect or disconnect the electrically operated heating element of at least one heating module from the energy source. The electrically operated heating element can also be operated using pulse-width modulation (PWM). This PWM is then adjusted so that the actual temperature reaches and maintains the setpoint temperature. In principle, the control device could also be designed to transmit the current temperature to a mobile device (e.g., smartphone, laptop) via a communication network (e.g., Wi-Fi and / or internet) and to receive a target temperature from the mobile device. Timer functions are also possible, allowing the control device to connect the electrically operated heating element to the power source at a specific time. Various embodiments of the invention are described below by way of example with reference to the drawings. Identical items have the same reference numerals. The corresponding figures of the drawings show in detail: Fig. 1A, Fig. 1B, Fig. 1C: an exemplary structure of a heating cable; Fig. 2: a cross-section through a main tube of a heating module of the heating arrangement with the heating cable; Fig. 3A, Fig. 3B: a cross-section through the main tube and a sleeve with a heat-conducting nozzle; Fig. 4A, Fig. 4B: a cross-section through the main tube with a secondary tube and a sleeve with a heat-conducting nozzle that encompasses both tubes; Fig. 5: a three-dimensional view of a heating arrangement with two heating modules that can be electrically connected to each other; Fig. 6A, Fig.Fig. 6B: a sectional view of various embodiments of a part of a room arrangement, which describes in more detail the installation of the heating arrangement in the wall; and Fig. 7: a room arrangement with a plurality of installed heating modules. The heating arrangement 1 according to the invention is described in more detail in the following figures. This arrangement can be used in a room arrangement 2 to heat a wall 3 of the room arrangement 2. Figures 1A to 1C show an electrically operated heating element 4 in the form of a heating cable, which heats the wall 3. The electrically operated heating element 4 (the heating cable) comprises a conductor system 5, which has a current conductor 5a and a ground conductor 5b, surrounded by insulation 6a, 6b. In Fig. 1A, the current conductor 5a is surrounded by its own insulation 6a and the ground conductor 5b by its own insulation 6b. A common insulation could also be provided. The electrically operated heating element 4 further comprises a resistance wire 7, which is electrically connected at its first end 7a to the current conductor 5a and at its second end 7b to the ground conductor 5b. In this case, the resistance wire 7 runs spirally around the conductor system 5 in the longitudinal direction of the electrically operated heating element 4. The resistance wire 7 runs above the respective insulation 6a, 6b. Figure 1B shows that the electrically operated heating element 4 comprises several resistance wires 7, which are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the electrically operated heating element 4. These resistance wires 7 are electrically connected in parallel. At the points where the respective resistance wire 7 is electrically connected at its first end 7a to the current conductor 5a and at its second end 7b to the ground conductor 5b, the respective insulation 6a, 6b is interrupted. The resistance wire 7 is preferably soldered to the corresponding current conductor 5a or ground conductor 5b. The current conductor 5a and / or the ground conductor 5b consist of or preferably comprise copper, in particular tinned copper, with a cross-sectional area of ​​preferably more than 1 mm2, 1.5 mm2 or more than 2 mm2. The insulation 6a over the current conductor 5a or the insulation 6b over the ground conductor 5b is preferably a silicone rubber insulation. The resistance wire 7 is preferably a copper-nickel wire or a nickel-chromium wire. Figure 1C further shows that the electrically operated heating element 4 has additional layers. Specifically, there is another insulating layer 8a located above the resistance wire 7. This additional insulating layer 8a is preferably a silicone rubber insulating layer. A metal braid 9 can then be arranged above this further insulating layer 8a. This could, for example, be connected to a protective conductor. An outer insulating layer 8b can also be arranged above the metal braid 9. This outer insulating layer 8b could, for example, be a silicone rubber layer or a fluoropolymer layer. The (maximum) power of the electrically operated heating element 4 can preferably be between 20 and 100 W / m. Preferably, the power is between 30 and 80 W / m, and more preferably between 40 and 70 W / m, and particularly preferably at 60 W / m (with, for example, ±5%). The maximum surface temperatures can be between 70°C and 200°C, depending on the layer structure. The metal braid 9 can, for example, be a tinned copper braid or a stainless steel braid. This increases the mechanical protection and enables grounding (especially at the protective conductor). The outer insulating layer 8b, which can also be referred to as sheathing, protects against corrosion. Figure 2 shows a more detailed description of the structure of at least one heating module 10, which is part of the heating arrangement 1 according to the invention. The at least one heating module 10 comprises a tube arrangement 11, which includes at least one main tube 12. The term "tube" is not to be understood as meaning that only round cross-sections are used. Rather, all cross-sectional shapes are conceivable. The electrically operated heating element 4 described in Figures 1A to 1C is arranged in this main tube 12. The main tube 12 is further filled with a PCM material 13 (late heat storage material). The PCM material 13 is preferably in powder form when filled, and after initial melting and subsequent solidification, it forms a solid block. The PCM material 13 has: a) a melting range between 35°C and 45°C; and / or b) a solidification range between 45°C and 33°C; and / or c) a heat capacity of more than 120, 130, 140, 150 or more than 160 kJ / kg; and / or d) a specific heat capacity of more than 1 or 1.5 or 2 kJ / (kg·K); and / or e) a density in the solid state between 0.8 and 1 kg / l; and / or f) a density in the liquid state between 0.6 and 8 kg / l; and / or g) a thermal conductivity of more than 0.1 W / (m·K). The volume of the PCM material 13 preferably does not change during operation. In particular, the volume remains the same in the cooled state as in the heated state. A volume change of preferably less than 10%, 8%, 6%, 4%, or 2% would still be acceptable. This can be compensated, for example, with an (elastic) compensating agent, which will be described further below. The PCM material 13 can be any known PCM material that meets the above conditions. In particular, it can be selected from the group consisting of paraffins, salts of organic acids, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, it is a paraffin or a mixture of paraffins. The main tube 12 is preferably completely, but more preferably to more than 80%, 85%, 90% or more than 95% of its fill level, filled with the PCM material 13. The electrically operated heating element 4 preferably extends over the entire length of the main tube 12. However, it could also be shorter. The distance of the electrically operated heating element 4 to the (nearest) inner wall of the main tube 12 can vary along the length of the main tube 12. Preferably, however, the electrically operated heating element 4 is arranged along the longitudinal axis of the main tube 12, i.e., in the center of the main tube 12. To transfer the heat energy as efficiently as possible into the wall 3 of the room arrangement 2, the at least one heating module 10 includes at least one heat-conducting nozzle 15, as shown, for example, in Fig. 3A. This heat-conducting nozzle 15 is connected directly or indirectly to the pipe arrangement 11, in particular to the main pipe 12. This allows heat energy to be transferred between the main pipe 12 and the at least one heat-conducting nozzle 15. The thermal resistance is low. A "direct connection" means that the heat-conducting nozzle 15 is directly soldered and / or welded and / or clamped to the pipe assembly 11, in particular directly to the main pipe 12. However, to achieve greater flexibility, the heat-conducting nozzle 15 is pre-mounted on a sleeve 16. In this case, it is referred to as an "indirect connection." This sleeve 16 is then mounted at the corresponding points along the pipe assembly 11 so that the heat-conducting nozzle 15 can be inserted into corresponding openings 31 in the wall 3 (see Fig. 6A, Fig. 6B). The heat-conducting nozzle 15 can be mounted via the sleeve 16 at any point along the length of the pipe assembly 11, in particular at any point on the main pipe 12. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3A, the sleeve 16 is U-shaped. Other cross-sectional shapes would also be conceivable. The sleeve 16 consists of or comprises metal, in particular copper. The same preferably applies to the heat-conducting nozzle 15. This could also be formed integrally with the sleeve 16. In the illustrated embodiment shown in Fig. 3A, however, the heat-conducting nozzle 15 is soldered or welded to the sleeve 16. A screw connection would also be conceivable. As shown in Fig. 3A, the sleeve 16 is pushed over the pipe assembly 11, particularly starting from the side. The sleeve 16 is then bent, at least partially, around the pipe assembly 11, as shown in Fig. 3B. This secures the sleeve 16 to the pipe assembly 11, especially to the main pipe 12. This allows heat energy to be transferred from the pipe assembly 11 via the at least one sleeve 16 to the at least one heat-conducting nozzle 15. The heat conduction nozzle 15 is preferably solid. It could also be hollow and, for example, also filled with a PCM material. However, the heat conduction nozzle does not include an electrically operated heating element 4. It is therefore free of an electrically operated heating element 4. The cuff 16 is preferably attached to the pipe arrangement 11 by means of a clamping connection only, without the use of a soldered or welded connection. Figures 4A and 4B describe a further embodiment of the heating arrangement 1 according to the invention. The pipe arrangement 11 also includes a secondary pipe 20. The secondary pipe 20 is connected to the main pipe 12, so that heating of the main pipe 12 also leads to heating of the secondary pipe 20. In this case, the secondary pipe 20 runs parallel to the main pipe 12. It could also run spirally around the main pipe 12. The secondary pipe 20 is preferably welded and / or brazed to the main pipe 12. It can be connected to the main pipe 12 along its entire length or only along sections of it. Alternatively, the secondary pipe 20 could also be clamped to the main pipe 12. The secondary pipe 20 is preferably the same length as the main pipe 12. However, it could also be shorter or longer. The secondary pipe 20 is hollow and also filled with a PCM material 21. It could also be solid. Both the main tube 12 and the secondary tube 20 consist of or comprise metal, in particular copper or a copper alloy. The cross-sectional area of ​​the secondary pipe 20 is preferably smaller than that of the main pipe 12. In this embodiment, the main pipe 12 and the secondary pipe 20 have a cross-section that is circular in shape. In principle, the cross-section could also be rectangular, square, or oval, or have the shape of an n-polygon, or approximate such a shape. If the heat-conducting nozzle 15 is directly connected to the pipe assembly 11, the heat-conducting nozzle 15 could, as already explained, be directly soldered and / or welded and / or clamped to the main pipe 12. Alternatively or additionally, it could also be directly soldered and / or welded and / or clamped to the secondary pipe 20. However, Fig. 4A shows that the heat-conducting nozzle 15 is connected to a sleeve 16. This sleeve 16, in turn, surrounds the pipe assembly 11. Specifically, the sleeve 16 surrounds both the main pipe 12 and the secondary pipe 20. The shape of the sleeve 16 and the shape of the heat-conducting nozzle 15, which is arranged on the sleeve 16, are adapted to the receiving space between the main pipe 12 and the secondary pipe 20. This is clearly visible in Fig. 4B, which shows the pipe assembly 11 consisting of the main pipe 12 and the secondary pipe 20 with the sleeve 16 installed. Preferably, a heating module 10 comprises several heat conduction nozzles 15, which are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the heating module 10 on the pipe arrangement 11. Fig. 5 shows that in addition to the heating module 10 there is another heating module 10a. At least one heating module 10 can be connected to or is connected to an energy source. This can be the public power grid, a battery, and / or solar cells. The additional heating module 10a is electrically connected to the at least one heating module 10. In particular, the at least one heating module 10 has a first electrical connection 26a and a second electrical connection 26b. The first electrical connection 26a is attached to a first end face 12a of the main tube 12, and the second electrical connection 26b is attached to a second end face 12b of the main tube 12. In particular, a first end of the electrically operated heating element 4 is connected to the first electrical connection 26a, and a second end of the electrically operated heating element 4 is connected to the second electrical connection 26b. The further heating module 10b preferably also includes a first electrical connection 26a, which is attached to a first end face 12a of the main tube 12. Optionally, there is also a second electrical connection 26b, which is attached to a second end face 12b of the main tube 12. Here again, a first end of the electrically operated heating element 4 is connected to the first electrical connection 26a and a second end of the electrically operated heating element 4 is connected to the second electrical connection 26b. The first electrical connection 26a of the further heating module 10a is preferably electrically connected to the second electrical connection 26b of the at least one heating module 10. In particular, the respective current conductors 5a of the individual heating modules 10, 10a are electrically connected to each other and the respective ground conductors 5b of the individual heating modules 10, 10a are electrically connected to each other. Any number of heating modules 10, 10a, 10b can be connected in series. The only important thing is that the current conductors 5a and the ground conductors 5b have a sufficiently large cross-section so that the power can be transferred to the individual electrically operated heating elements 4. The end faces 12a, 12b of the respective main tubes 12 are sealed with a closure. The closure is preferably made of hot-melt adhesive. The same can also apply to the secondary tubes 20. Between the seal (consisting of or comprising, for example, hot glue and / or resin and / or silicone and / or heat shrink tubing and / or rubber and / or elastomer) and the PCM material 13, an (elastic) compensating material can be arranged on one or both end faces 12a, 12b. Any expansion of the PCM material 13 can thereby be compensated without increasing the pressure in the main tube 12. The (elastic) compensating material can be, for example, cotton wool or rubber. The same can also apply to the secondary tube 20. Figures 6A and 6B describe the room arrangement 2 according to the invention, in which the heating arrangement 1 is used. The room arrangement 2 comprises the wall 3 and a floor 30. Preferably in the area of ​​the floor 30, at least one opening 31 is provided in the wall 3, in which the at least one heat-conducting nozzle 15 of the at least one heating module 10 engages. In this case, the electrically operated heating element 4 of the at least one heating module 10 is electrically connected to an energy source of the room arrangement 2. Furthermore, a heat-conducting base assembly 32 is shown, which runs between the wall 3 and the floor 30. The at least one heating module 10 is arranged between the wall 3, the floor 30 and the heat-conducting base assembly 32. In this case, only the heat-conducting nozzle 15 projects into the opening 31 of the wall 3. The heat-conducting base assembly 32 is preferably suspended from the wall 3. It is further preferably spaced a few millimeters (preferably less than 5 mm, 4 mm, 3 mm, but preferably more than 1 mm and further preferably more than 2 mm) away from the wall 3 and also from the floor 30. The thermally conductive base assembly 32 can be made of, for example, wood, engineered wood, stone, metal (e.g., copper sheet), or a composite material. In particular, the thermally conductive base assembly 32 should be resistant to aging, rot, and decay. It should also be moisture-resistant and dimensionally stable (at varying temperatures). The thermally conductive base assembly 32 can, for example, be made of a material offered under the trademark purenit® by puren gmbh in Germany on the filing date. This material can be easily sawn and milled. In contrast to Fig. 6A, Fig. 6B shows that the wall 3 includes a receiving opening 33 in the area of ​​the base 30, into which the at least one heating module 10 is partially or, as shown in Fig. 6B, completely inserted. The opening 31 then extends further into the wall 3 from the receiving opening 33. In this case, the heat-conducting base arrangement 32 is not angled but shown running straight and only closes this receiving opening 33. The opening 31 is shown significantly larger than the at least one heat-conducting nozzle 15. Preferably, the opening 31 is as large as the heat-conducting nozzle 15 so that the thermal resistance is as low as possible. The receiving opening 33 could also be located at other points on the wall 3. The receiving opening 33 can also be oriented vertically rather than horizontally.Such a configuration is chosen particularly at corners of the wall, into which the heating arrangement 1 is then inserted. The heating arrangement 1 can also be mounted vertically from the wall 3 without the use of a receiving opening 33, simply by means of the opening 31, even though the horizontal orientation (parallel to the floor 30) is preferred. With reference to Fig. 7, a floor plan of the room arrangement 2 is shown. The room arrangement 2 comprises several rooms 40a, 40b, 40c, which are separated from each other, for example, by doors. In each of these rooms 40a, 40b, 40c, there is a heating arrangement 1. The heating arrangements 1 comprise a different number of heating modules 10, 10a, 10b. In room 40a and room 40c, there are three heating modules 10, 10a, 10b, and in room 40b, there is one heating module 10. Preferably, each heating arrangement 1 comprises at least one temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is further preferably arranged in the area of ​​the pipe arrangement 11 of at least one heating module 10, 10a, 10b. In principle, each heating module 10, 10a, 10b could also have a temperature sensor. The individual rooms 40a, 40b, 40c could also each have a temperature sensor. Preferably, each heating arrangement 1 comprises a control device 50. The control device 50 is then wirelessly or wired connected to the temperature sensor(s) and configured to receive a temperature value from the temperature sensor(s). The control device 50 is further configured to connect or disconnect the electrically operated heating element 4 of the at least one heating module 10, 10a, 10b from the energy source, depending on a predetermined setpoint temperature and a measured actual temperature. If several heating modules 10, 10a, 10b are connected in series, this also occurs automatically for the additional heating modules 10a, 10b. In principle, it would be possible for the heating modules 10, 10a, 10b of a heating arrangement 1 to be switched on and off independently of one another. Preferably, however, several heating arrangements 1 can share a common control device 50. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, the control device 50 controls the heating arrangements 1 in all three rooms 40a, 40b and 40c. In principle, it would also be possible for the temperature sensor to modulate the temperature measurement onto the current conductor 5a, so that the control device 50 can demodulate this current value if it is connected to the same fuse circuit. Not shown is the switching device for connecting and disconnecting the electrically operated heating element 4 in the at least one heating module 10, 10a, 10b from the energy source. This switching device can be controlled by the control device 50. This control can be wireless or wired. The switching device can be located in each heating module 10, 10a, 10b and disconnect the resistance wire 7 from the current conductor 5a or the ground conductor 5b. Alternatively, the switching device could be located only on the first heating module 10, so that all heating modules 10, 10a, 10b are switched on and off simultaneously. The control device 50 is also designed to transmit the current temperature to a mobile device via a communication network and to receive a target temperature from the mobile device. Switch-on times can also be transmitted via the mobile device, at which the control device 50 connects the electrically operated heating element 4 to the energy source. The diameter of the main tube 12 is approximately 18 mm. The deviation may preferably be less than 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, or less than 10%. The secondary tube 20 preferably has a diameter of 15 mm. The deviation may preferably be less than 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, or less than 10%. The secondary pipe 20 is preferably connected to the main pipe 12 such that both the secondary pipe 20 and the main pipe 12 touch the wall 3. This means that a plane passing through the outermost point of the secondary pipe 20 also passes through the outermost point of the main pipe 12, and this plane is parallel to the wall 3 and perpendicular to the floor 30. Both the secondary pipe 20 and the main pipe 12 then terminate flush with the wall 3. The opening 31 in the wall 3 for the heat-conducting nozzle 15 preferably has a height and further preferably a diameter of 12 mm. Deviations of preferably less than 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% or less than 10% in either direction are permissible. The heat conduction base arrangement 32 further preferably has a total height of less than 10 cm, 9 cm, 8 cm, 7 cm, 6 cm or less than 5 cm, but further preferably more than 4 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm or more than 7 cm. The length of the main tube 12 is preferably less than 200 cm, 150 cm, 100 cm or less than 60 cm, but preferably more than 30 cm, 50 cm, 80 cm, 120 cm or preferably more than 150 cm. Not shown, the heating arrangement can also comprise a combination of a main tube 12 and two secondary tubes 20, with both secondary tubes 20 being connected to the main tube 12 (as already described for a single secondary tube 20). Both secondary tubes 20 are arranged at opposite points on the main tube 12 and extend longitudinally along the main tube 12. Both secondary tubes 20 are preferably of the same length and / or diameter. They could also be of different lengths and / or diameters. It is not shown that the heating arrangement can also comprise a combination of two main tubes 12 and one secondary tube 20. Both main tubes 12, each comprising an electrically operated heating element 4, are connected to the secondary tube 20 (as already described for a single main tube 12). Both main tubes 12 are preferably arranged at opposite points on the secondary tube 20 and extend longitudinally along the secondary tube 20. Both main tubes 12 are preferably of the same length and / or diameter. They could also be of different lengths and / or diameters. The use of one or two additional secondary tubes 20 would also be possible. In this case, the secondary tube 20 and main tube 12 could be arranged alternately (secondary tube, main tube, secondary tube, main tube, secondary tube).An arrangement with two main pipes 12 or two secondary pipes 20 in the middle would also be possible (secondary pipe, main pipe, main pipe, secondary pipe; or main pipe, secondary pipe, secondary pipe, main pipe). The invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Within the scope of the invention, all described and / or drawn features can be combined with one another as desired.

Claims

Heating arrangement (1) for heating a wall (3) with the following features: - at least one heating module (10) is provided; - the at least one heating module (10) comprises a pipe arrangement (11) having a main pipe (12); - the at least one heating module (10) comprises an electrically operated heating element (4) which is arranged in the main pipe (12); - the main pipe (12) is filled with a PCM material (13); - the at least one heating module (10) comprises a heat conduction nozzle (15) which is connected directly or indirectly to the pipe arrangement (11) for the transfer of heat energy between the main pipe (12) and the at least one heat conduction nozzle (15) and projects laterally from the pipe arrangement (11);- at least a part of the at least one heat-conducting nozzle (15) can be inserted into an opening (31) in the wall (3), wherein heating of the main pipe (12) leads to heating of the at least one heat-conducting nozzle (15) and thus to heating of the wall (3); - at least one sleeve (16) is provided which is made of or comprises metal; - the at least one heat-conducting nozzle (15) is attached to the at least one sleeve (16) or formed integrally with it; - the at least one sleeve (16) is bent around the pipe assembly (11) and thereby attached to it, so that heat energy can be transferred from the pipe assembly (11) via the at least one sleeve (16) to the at least one heat-conducting nozzle (15). Heating arrangement (1) according to claim 1 , characterized by the following features:- the main tube (12) comprises or consists of metal; and / or- the at least one heat conduction nozzle (15) comprises or consists of metal. Heating arrangement (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the following features: - the at least one heat conduction nozzle (15) is hollow and filled with a PCM material; or - the at least one heat conduction nozzle (15) is solid. Heating arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following features: - the pipe arrangement (11) further comprises a secondary pipe (20); - the secondary pipe (20) is connected to the main pipe (12), so that heating of the main pipe (12) leads to heating of the secondary pipe (20). Heating arrangement (1) according to claim 4, characterized by the following features: - the secondary tube (20) runs parallel to the main tube (12); or - the secondary tube (20) runs spirally around the main tube (12). Heating arrangement (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by the following features: - the secondary tube (20) is welded and / or brazed to the main tube (12); and / or - the secondary tube (20) is clamped to the main tube (12). Heating arrangement (1) according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized by the following features: - the secondary tube (20) is hollow and filled with a PCM material (21); or - the secondary tube (20) is solid. Heating arrangement (1) according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized by the following feature: - a cross-sectional area of ​​the secondary tube (20) is smaller than that of the main tube (12). Heating arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following features: - the main tube (12) has a cross-section that is in the shape of: a) rectangle; or b) square; or c) circle; or d) oval; or e) n-polygon or is approximately such a shape; and / or - the secondary tube (20) has a cross-section that is in the shape of: f) rectangle; or g) square; or h) circle; or i) oval; or j) n-polygon or is approximately such a shape. Heating arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following features: - the at least one heat conduction nozzle (15) is soldered and / or welded and / or clamped to the pipe arrangement (11). Heating arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following feature: - the at least one heat conduction nozzle (15) is soldered and / or welded and / or screwed to the at least one cuff (16). Heating arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following features: - several heat conduction nozzles (15) are provided, which are directly or indirectly connected to the pipe arrangement (11) for the transfer of heat energy between the main pipe (12) to the respective heat conduction nozzle (15) and project from it on the same side; - a distance between the several heat conduction nozzles (15) is the same or different. Heating arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following feature: - the PCM material (13, 21) comprises or consists of paraffins or salts. Heating arrangement (1) according to claim 13, characterized by the following features: - the PCM material (13, 21) has: a) a melting range between 35°C and 45°C; and / or b) a solidification range between 45°C and 33°C; and / or c) a heat storage capacity of more than 120, 130, 140, 150 or more than 160 kJ / kg; and / or d) a specific heat capacity of more than 1 or 1.5 or 2 kJ / (kg·K); and / or e) a density in the solid state between 0.8 and 1 kg / l; and / or f) a density in the liquid or heated state between 0.6 and 8 kg / l; and / or g) a thermal conductivity of more than 0.1 W / (m·K). Heating arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following feature: - the electrically operated heating element (4) is a heating wire or a heating cable. Heating arrangement (1) according to claim 15, characterized by the following features: - the heating cable comprises a conductor system (5) which has a current conductor (5a) and a ground conductor (5b) which are surrounded by insulation (6a, 6b); - the heating cable comprises a resistance wire (7) which is electrically connected at its first end (7a) to the current conductor (5a) and at its second end (7b) to the ground conductor (5b); - the resistance wire (7) runs spirally around the conductor system (5) in the longitudinal direction of the heating cable; - the heating cable comprises at least one further insulating layer (8a), wherein the resistance wire (7) is arranged between the further insulating layer (8a) and the insulation (6a, 6b) of the conductor system (5). Heating arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following features: - a further heating module (10a, 10b) is provided; - the main tubes (12) of the heating modules (10, 10a, 10b) comprise on their first end faces (12a) first electrical connections (26a) for the electrically operated heating element (4); - a first end of the respective electrically operated heating element (4) is electrically connected to the respective first electrical connection (26a) on the first end face (12a); - the at least one heating module (10) is connectable to a power source via its first electrical connection (26a); - the at least one heating module (10) comprises on its second end face (12b) a second electrical connection (26b) for the electrically operated heating element (4), wherein the second end of the electrically operated heating element (4) is electrically connected to the second electrical connection (26b);- the additional heating module (10a, 10b) is electrically connected via its first electrical connection (26a) to the second electrical connection (26b) of the at least one heating module (10). Heating arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following features: - the main tube (12) of the at least one heating module (10) comprises a first and a second end face (12a, 12b); - both end faces are closed with a closure; - a compensating agent is introduced between the closure of the first end face (12a) and the PCM material (13) and / or a compensating agent is introduced between the closure of the second end face (12b) and the PCM material (13). Room arrangement (2) with a wall (3), wherein at least one heating arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims is installed in the room arrangement (2), having the following features: - in the wall (3) at least one opening (31) is provided into which the at least one heat conduction nozzle (15) of the at least one heating module (10) engages; - the electrically operated heating element (4) of the at least one heating module (10) is electrically connected to an energy source of the room arrangement (2). Room arrangement (2) according to claim 19, characterized by the following features: - the opening (31) is provided in the wall (3) in the area of ​​the floor (30); - a heat-conducting base arrangement (32) is provided, which is arranged between the wall (3) and the floor (30), wherein the at least one heating module (10) is arranged between the wall (3), floor (30) and the heat-conducting base arrangement (32); - the heat-conducting base arrangement (32) is spaced a few millimeters away from the wall (3) and the floor (30). Room arrangement (2) according to claim 20 , characterized by the following feature:- the heat conducting base arrangement (32) is suspended in the wall (3) and is spaced a few millimeters away from the wall (3) and the floor (30). Spatial arrangement (2) according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized by the following features: - the wall (3) comprises a receiving opening (33); - in the receiving opening (33) the at least one heating module (10) is partially or completely inserted, wherein the opening (31) for the heat conduction nozzle (15) enlarges the receiving opening (33) perpendicular to the surface or oblique to the surface of the wall (3) in the direction of the wall (3) or parallel to the surface of the wall (3) in the wall (3). Spatial arrangement (2) according to one of claims 19 to 22 , characterized by the following feature: - the energy source is a photovoltaic system. Spatial arrangement (2) according to one of claims 19 to 23, characterized by the following features: - the heating arrangement (1) comprises at least one temperature sensor which is arranged in the area of ​​the pipe arrangement (11) of the at least one heating module (10); - the heating arrangement (1) comprises a control device (50); - the control device (50) is wirelessly or wired connected to the temperature sensor and is configured to receive a temperature value from the temperature sensor; - the control device (50) is configured, depending on a predetermined setpoint temperature and a measured actual temperature, to connect the electrically operated heating element (4) of the at least one heating module (10) to the energy source. Spatial arrangement (2) according to claim 24 , characterized by the following feature:- the electrically operated heating element (4) of the at least one heating module (10) can be operated in pulsed mode. Spatial arrangement (2) according to claim 24 or 25, characterized by the following feature: - the control device (50) is designed to transmit the actual temperature to a mobile terminal device via a communication network and to receive a target temperature from the mobile terminal device.

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