Heating of pyrolysis plants

Abstract

Device for the pyrolysis of used tires, wherein the system comprises at least one heating chamber (furnace), of which at least one reactor chamber can be heated to carry out the pyrolysis, characterized in that the thermal energy of at least one infrared pore radiator can be provided for the at least one heating chamber (furnace) and the pore radiator(s) are supplied with combustible gases from waste materials (e.g.old tires or polymeric materials), wherein the combustible gases are formed at least predominantly by pyrolysis gases from a pyrolysis device and wherein the pyrolysis gases are at least partially condensable in a pipe coil, a non-condensed portion of the pyrolysis gases remains as combustible residual gas and the residual gas can be stored in at least one tank via a pressure boosting system and combustible in the pore emitter(s), which in the process generate a temperature of 1500 °C or more, wherein the device comprises a plurality of heating chambers.

Description

The invention is based on the problem of optimizing the heating of pyrolysis plants. Such systems can be used, for example, to break automobile tires into their components and to recover, for example, the carbon, the steel from the belt and the rubber component.DE 10 2016 008 289 A1 discloses a device for pyrolysis of carbonaceous materials, wherein the device has a chamber in the primary reactor and a chamber in the secondary reactor. The chambers are heated from several sides by infrared emitters. Recovery of about metallic components from tires is not shown.DE 10 2008 021 630 A1 discloses a device for recovering low-viscosity liquid crude, combustible and fuels from high-molecular organic substances.DE 20 2008 008 767 U1 discloses a pyrolysis furnace with heating elements arranged on the inside. Such a pyrolysis furnace is therefore limited in its available space.The invention solves the problem by means of a device having the features of claim 1.The heat energy required in the plant is introduced here by infrared emitters (ceramic burners) into the reactor in which the actual pyrolysis takes place, of the apparatus.In this case, the energy required for providing the heat is at least partially obtained from pyrolysis gas which is formed as a further product in such a reactor space. This results in an energy and efficiency optimisation so that, for example, the carbon obtained from the plant, which is of high purity, can be offered far under conventional prices.The gas used (produced) is therefore derived from a pyrolysis plant itself or is produced by the own pyrolysis process into gas tanks for the heating chamber (furnace) and is stored temporarily in gas tanks beforehand.The essential effect of the invention is to use the combustible gas which is formed during the pyrolysis process of used tires and polymeric materials for heat generation of these devices. However, because the gas may include sulfur and other pollutants, it must be burned at very high temperatures (1400°C -1700°C). This is necessary in order to render the pollutants harmless to the extent that the exhaust gases (flue gases) cause no or minimal harmful environmental influences and the exhaust gas measurements are thus below the permissible limit values of laws (4th BimSchV).It is known in the art that such combustion installations or applications are equipped with very expensive exhaust gas purification technology in order to meet the environmental requirements and laws.According to the invention, the combustion of the gases takes place in an optimized manner. It is carried out using one or more infrared pore emitters, manufactured from special ceramic foam (for example from GoGas Goch GmbH). These pore radiators can be adapted to the desired power requirement. And they can be installed in a heating chamber (furnace) as desired or as required, for example, in the side walls and / or in the floor. In particular, a plurality of such pore emitters are installed in each side wall of the rectangular furnace, for example, which pore emitters themselves have conventional edge lengths of a few tens of centimeters. This also enables good heating of a reactor chamber lying inside the furnace-for example in the form of a round cylinder-having an axial length in the meter range.The device is used for pyrolysis, in particular used tires, wherein the plant comprises at least one heating chamber (furnace), of which at least one reactor space can be heated for carrying out the pyrolysis.In this case, the thermal energy of at least one infrared pore steeler is provided for the at least one heating chamber (furnace). The pore radiator or radiators is or are operable with combustible gases from waste materials (e.g. used tires or polymeric materials). The combustible gases from waste thus serve as energy carriers in a cycle process.In particular, the combustible gases are formed at least predominantly by pyrolysis gases from a device for pyrolysis.The pyrolysis gases produced in the process can at least partially condense in a pipe coil, but a non-condensed portion of the pyrolysis gases remains as combustible residual gas and can be stored in at least one tank after passing through a pressure increasing system.After air has been added, the residual gas can be introduced into the pores of one or more ceramic pore radiators and burned there to generate very high heat (e.g. 1400° C. to 1700° C.).Because the pore emitters generate a temperature of 1500° C. or more, very high heat also arises in the reactor chamber located further inwards. A minimum temperature of more than 600° C. can be ensured there in order to operate a very clean pyrolysis and to effectively separate the raw materials.Such an apparatus may comprise a plurality of heating chambers - and a plurality of reactor compartments - and of course may comprise a plurality of infra red emitters in one heating chamber.A high throughput can thus be ensured.

Claims

Apparatus for pyrolysis of used tires, wherein the plant comprises at least one heating chamber (furnace), from which at least one reactor space for carrying out pyrolysis can be heated, characterized in that the thermal energy of at least one infrared pore steel heater can be provided for the at least one heating chamber (furnace), and the pore radiator or radiators can be operated with combustible gases from waste materials (e.g. used tires or polymeric materials), wherein the combustible gases are formed at least predominantly by pyrolysis gases from an apparatus for pyrolysis, and wherein the pyrolysis gases can be at least partially condensed in a coil, a non-condensed fraction of the pyrolysis gases remains as combustible residual gas, and the residual gas can be stored in at least one tank via an pressure-increasing plant and can be combustible in the pore radiator(s), the apparatus or apparatuses thereby generating a temperature of 1500° C. or more, wherein the apparatus comprises a plurality of heating chambers.Pyrolysis device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the combustible waste gases serve as energy carriers.Device according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the residual gas can be introduced into the pores of one or more ceramic pore emitters after air has been added.Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has a plurality of infrared emitters in a heating chamber.