Structure for forming a support system for a vehicle car body, support system, car body and vehicle

Abstract

A structure for forming the supporting structure of a vehicle body is disclosed. The structure comprises a double-walled profile beam and a double-walled profile unit connectable to it to form the supporting structure. The supporting structure is formed by joining the profile beam and profile unit by welding. The supporting structure can include a plurality of profile beams and profile units connected by welding, riveting, and / or bolting, such that the supporting structure forms at least part of the vehicle body. The profile beam and profile unit are beam-like semi-finished products, preferably manufactured from an aluminum alloy by extrusion, and thus each has a profile direction in which the structure of the respective profile beam and / or profile unit is essentially unchanged.In the profile direction, each profile beam and / or profile unit has an identical cross-section. In the area of ​​the beam-connection section, the profile beam has a support strut adjoining the first outer wall of the beam and extending in both the transverse and vertical directions.

Description

Technical field The present invention relates to a structure for forming a support system for the car body of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, and to such a support system. Furthermore, a car body is described which is provided, at least in part, by means of such a structure. Prior art It is known that the structural systems for vehicle bodies, particularly those of rail vehicles, are assembled using various profiles. These profiles are semi-finished products, preferably manufactured by extrusion. During the design process, an individual concept with a multitude of different profiles is defined for each type of vehicle body. Accordingly, it is necessary to examine and select each individual profile with regard to its maximum and long-term mechanical load-bearing capacity, suitability for environmental conditions, design aspects, cost, etc. For example, WO 2013 / 077 192 A1 discloses a car body of a rail vehicle, which consists of a base frame, a side body structure, a gable-end body structure, and a roof body structure, inside which an interior material is provided that serves to improve thermal and acoustic insulation as well as the construction. By welding together different profiles in a transition area between the roof body structure and the side body structure, a corresponding connection point is defined between the side and the roof, or between the side and the floor. DE 10 2007 035 772 A1 and DE 10 2009 007 711 A1 describe a car body and a side wall, respectively, for a rail vehicle. WO 00 / 56 589 A1 describes a plate-shaped extruded profile. Disadvantages of the state of the art Such car body designs for rail vehicles must always be designed in detail in their final position and calculated with regard to the requirements. This also applies in particular to the semi-finished products used for this purpose. 5 Problem statement An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a system for forming a supporting structure of a car body, thereby facilitating the design process and the selection of semi-finished products, in particular reducing the effort required to define a supporting structure of a car body, wherein the car body 10 has a simple and robust structure and at the same time brings about an improvement in the design possibilities and effort in the conception of a vehicle or vehicle platform. Inventive solution The above problem is solved by a structure for forming a support system of a 15-car body of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, according to claim 1, and by a support system comprising such a structure according to claim 11. Alternatively or additionally, a car body with a support system according to claim 14, and a vehicle comprising such a car body according to claim 15, are proposed to solve the problem. The structure features a double-walled profile beam and a double-walled profile unit that can be connected to it to form the support system. The double-walled profile beam defines a beam-profile axis, a beam-profile plane extending perpendicular to it, and a beam-transverse direction and beam-vertical direction running therein. The double-walled profile unit defines a unit-25 profile axis, a unit-profile plane extending perpendicular to it, and a unit-transverse direction and unit-vertical direction running therein. Double-walled construction can be achieved by providing essentially continuous wall sections that run primarily vertically. These wall sections, which can be described as profile walls, define a corresponding profile in the relevant transverse direction. The term "essentially continuous" in this context means that these wall sections run continuously, although interruptions such as bores, recesses, and cutouts are possible. The structural system is formed by joining profile beams and profile units together through welding. The structural system can comprise a large number of profile beams and profile units connected by welding, riveting, and / or bolting, so that the structural system forms at least part of the car body. Profile beams and profile units are beam-like semi-finished products, preferably manufactured from an aluminum alloy using extrusion, and thus each have a profile direction in which the structure of the respective profile beam and / or profile unit is essentially unchanged. In the profile direction, each profile beam and / or profile unit has an identical cross-section. Profile beams and / or profile units can, for example, be a profile-like supporting element with an internal lattice structure, in particular a complex one. Additionally or alternatively, it is conceivable that the profile beam and profile unit, forming a double wall, is / are designed as a tube, strip, semi-finished product with at least a partially circular or ring-shaped cross-section, or L-, T-, I-beams. Preferably, the profile support and profile unit are designed as double-walled extruded profiles made of an aluminum alloy. According to one embodiment, the profile unit and / or profile support are considered equivalent and / or interchangeable with respect to a technical function. In particular, the use of the different terms "profile support" and "profile unit" also serves the purpose of differentiating them in the description of this disclosure. Additionally or alternatively, one could also refer to a first profile support, a second profile support, a further profile support, and / or a first, second, further profile unit in this context. The profile beam can be subdivided, with respect to the beam-profile plane, into a beam-connection section and an adjoining beam body. The beam-connection section is designed to form, create, and / or support a welded connection with the profile unit. In the area of ​​the beam connection section, the profile beam has a beam strut adjoining the first beam outer wall and extending in the beam transverse direction and in the beam vertical direction, in relation to the element profile plane. The support strut can be subdivided as follows: in a connection area of ​​the support strut, the first outer wall of the support transitions into the strut body of the support strut. This connection area is not suitable to be considered a support strut on its own. Additionally, the support strut has a free end that is connected to the strut connection area via a strut body. At the free end of the support strut, a support guide and a support weld chamfer, and in particular an intermediate support gas pocket, are provided. The support guide here functions as a stop for a unit guide surface of the profile unit. The strut body has its own longitudinal axis. Preferably, the longitudinal axis of the strut is oriented antiparallel to the vertical axis of the beam and / or runs in the transverse direction and in the vertical direction of the beam. Furthermore, preferably the longitudinal axis of the strut is inclined relative to the vertical axis of the beam by a strut angle of at least 20°, in particular at least 30°, preferably at least 40°, more preferably at approximately 45°, but in particular not more than 70°, and in particular not more than 60°, and in particular preferably not more than 50°. According to one embodiment, this angle is also established between an outer surface of the beam strut and an outer surface of the first outer wall of the beam in the region of the beam body. In particular, the support strut has a length that exceeds the thickness of the support's outer wall by at least two times, preferably at least three times, and ideally at least five times. The length is measured from the strut connection area to the support's weld bevel. In particular, a section of an outer wall of a profile beam or profile unit, wherein the outer wall does not have an outer surface with a directional component in a corresponding transverse direction, shall not be considered a "strut" within the meaning of the present disclosure. According to a further embodiment, the support strut, in particular together with a part of the first support outer wall, forms a support undercut. This is at least partially oriented in the transverse direction of the support and / or extends at least partially away from the support guide in the transverse direction of the support. In an additional or alternative embodiment, it is disclosed that the beam connection section forms a beam projection in the vertical direction of the beam, which is formed at least partially by the first beam outer wall and by the beam strut. The term "projection" derives from the fact that, with respect to the vertical direction of the beam, it protrudes from the section of the second beam outer wall that supports the beam guide surface. Accordingly, the section of the second beam outer wall that supports the beam guide surface can be described as a recessed beam area. In particular, the beam projection encompasses and surrounds, at least partially, the beam undercut in the vertical direction. Furthermore, in the area of ​​the beam connection section, the profile beam has a beam guide surface provided on a beam outer surface of the second beam outer wall, in relation to the element profile plane. According to one embodiment, the support guide surface is essentially aligned parallel to the support vertical axis. The profile unit can be subdivided – analogous to the profile beam – into a unit connection section and a unit body. According to one or more embodiments, the unit connection section is essentially analogous, functionally equivalent, the same, or identical to the beam connection section. The profile unit, in particular the unit connection section, comprises a unit strut with a strut connection area to the first unit outer wall, with a strut body, a strut longitudinal axis, a strut angle, a free end, a unit guide, a unit weld chamfer, and in particular a unit recess and optionally a unit gas pocket, and a unit guide surface arranged on the second unit outer wall. In particular, previously described embodiments of the beam connection section, and combinations thereof, are also disclosed for the unit connection section; for example, the profile unit and / or the unit connection section has a unit projection, a unit undercut, and / or a recessed unit area. The beam guide and the beam guide surface, and the unit guide and the unit guide surface are designed, configured and / or arranged such that the profile beam and the profile unit can assume a plurality of different translation positions in the beam and / or unit vertical direction, under relative determination in the beam and unit transverse direction to each other, so that a corresponding overall extension of the profile beam and profile unit is adjustable. Furthermore, this results in the carrier weld bevel forming a first weld notch for a first weld joint and the unit weld bevel forming a second weld notch for a second weld joint. Accordingly, a guide surface forming a weld notch can also be referred to as a weld phase. To achieve this, the profile carrier and the profile unit are aligned together in the carrier and unit profile direction, and a normal force contact is established between the carrier guide and the unit guide surface and between the unit guide and the carrier guide surface. The majority of the different translation positions share one common characteristic – and are achieved by this – that, in order to achieve at least a statically determinate contact between the profile beam and the profile unit, the beam-profile direction and the unit-profile direction are aligned in the same way. The profile beam and the profile unit can therefore be aligned so that the beam-profile axis and the unit-profile axis run parallel to each other, in particular, they are aligned and coincide with each other. Furthermore, the majority of different translation positions are made possible by the fact that the support guide and the unit guide surface, and vice versa, each establish normal force-bearing contact. In addition to their common alignment in the profile direction, the support-connection section and the unit-connection section can be pressed against each other. By applying a normal force – the profile support is pressed against the profile unit – the support guide aligns itself with the unit guide surface, and vice versa.If a desired and / or predetermined translational position in the beam-vertical direction and / or in the unit-vertical direction of the profile beam and profile unit is defined and assumed by the statically at least determinate contact, the desired translational position of the profile beam and profile unit relative to each other can be permanently fixed by placing a first weld connection in the first weld notch and / or by placing a second weld connection in the second weld notch. The term "statically at least determinate" means that, given a sufficient normal force, the profile beam and profile unit cannot slip or wobble relative to each other. Specifically, the normal force between the profile beam and profile unit is chosen such that the resulting adhesive force between the respective surfaces of the stops and the respective contact surfaces prevents slippage in the vertical direction of the beam / unit and / or in the profile direction of the beam / unit. A person tasked with assembling the profile beam and profile unit is capable of determining and applying the necessary forces. If necessary, such a person would be able to identify and use the necessary tools to generate such a normal force (e.g., clamps, suitable clamps).The person in question would also ensure that no unusual relative forces, in particular acting in the vertical direction of the beam / unit and / or in the vertical direction of the beam / unit, can act on the profile beam and / or profile unit, so that the previously defined statically at least determinate translational position of the profile beam and profile unit is dissolved or changed. According to one embodiment, the beam-connecting section, via the beam / unit guide and beam / unit guide surface, jointly forms a translational guide and / or a telescopic device in the vertical direction of the beam / unit and / or in the profile direction of the beam / unit. The fixation of the profile beam and profile unit relative to each other in the transverse direction of the beam / unit is achieved with respect to one directional orientation (e.g., right or left) by contact and with respect to the other directional orientation (e.g., left or right) by providing the normal force. In the context of this disclosure, the term "guide surface" means a surface of the second unit / support outer wall facing a system environment, which can be contacted and acted upon by the respective support / unit guide to enable the different translational positions of the structure and / or the support system within its possible overall extent. In particular, a surface that cannot be contacted or acted upon by a support / unit guide is not considered a guide surface within the meaning of this disclosure. Furthermore, in particular, an outer surface of a profile beam or profile unit that is covered by a further cover element – ​​such as a shim – in a manufacturing process by means of a further process step is not considered a guide surface and / or an outer wall of a profile beam or profile unit within the meaning of this disclosure. Additionally or alternatively, a surface facing an interior of a double-walled profile beam or a double-walled profile unit is not considered a guide surface within the meaning of this disclosure. In particular, the beam / unit guide surface and / or the beam / unit guide is / are not formed by an additional, separate cover element, such as a shim, which can be attached by means of a separate process step. According to a specific embodiment, the support / unit connection area and the respective support / unit body of the profile support / profile unit are formed in one piece. According to one embodiment, cavities or internal volumes of a one-piece profile support and / or a one-piece profile unit can be filled with a core (for example, foam, honeycomb structure). At least one of the embodiments described above makes it possible, for the first time, to represent a support system comprising a profile beam and a profile unit with different translational configurations, whereby the same types and / or embodiments of semi-finished products, in particular profile beams and / or profile units, can be used in each case. In particular, it makes it possible to represent several different translational positions within support systems using the same semi-finished products. This reduces the number of semi-finished products and allows for different boundary conditions in the development of different platforms for car bodies. For example, a profile beam and profile unit can constitute a first support system, whereby the profile beam and profile unit can be positioned and welded together in a first translational position relative to each other – with respect to the beam / unit profile plane. The first support system thus formed can then form a first section, for example, of a floor, a roof, a partition wall, and / or a side wall of the car body. If, on the other hand, the profile beam and profile unit are positioned and welded together in a second translational position relative to each other, a second support system formed thereby can form a second section, for example, of a floor, a roof, a partition wall, and / or a side wall of the car body. Furthermore, the previously described translation positions differ, for example, in that the total extent of the first support system in the vertical direction of the beam / unit is greater than the total extent of the second support system. This total extent is measured from identical, constant points on the profile beam and profile unit. Such a fixed measuring point could be, for example, the transition between the beam body and the beam connection section, or between the unit body and the unit connection section. In particular, the described design allows the contact between the carrier guide and the unit guide surface and / or between the unit guide and the carrier guide surface to occur at different points in the vertical direction. For this purpose, the unit guide surface and / or the carrier guide surface are designed such that different contact points are possible depending on the translation position in the vertical direction. This achieves, for the first time, the advantage that the same type of profile beam and profile unit can be used as a standard component to form different load-bearing systems, in particular different load-bearing systems with varying vertical extensions according to different translational positions. This results in a reduction of the testing effort required for semi-finished products used to create different load-bearing systems. According to one embodiment, the support guide and the support guide surface are arranged and configured on the support connection section, and the unit guide and the unit guide surface are arranged and configured on the unit connection section such that the support connection section and the unit connection section overlap at least partially in the support vertical direction and / or in the unit vertical direction. In particular, and at least partially, the support projection overlaps the recessed unit area, and the unit projection overlaps the recessed support area. Furthermore, in a specific embodiment, it is disclosed that the beam connection section has a beam transverse projection in the beam transverse direction with a beam transverse projection width that is at least partially formed by the beam strut. In particular, the beam transverse projection width is more than 10%, more particularly more than 20%, preferably more than 30%, but more particularly less than 100%, more particularly less than 70%, preferably less than 50% of the beam body width. The transverse projection width is measured exclusively in the transverse direction, starting from the outer surface of the first outer wall of the beam in the area of ​​the beam body up to a maximum transverse extension of the beam transverse projection. In particular, the beam transverse projection includes and encompasses, at least partially, the beam undercut in the beam transverse direction.Alternatively or additionally, the unit connecting section can have a unit transverse projection in an analogous manner to that described above. Alternatively, it is disclosed that the support-connection section and / or the unit-connection section has no transverse projection, and that the total, in particular maximum, width of the respective connection section does not exceed the width, in particular maximum width, of the support / unit body. Additionally or alternatively, it is stated that the beam connection section has a beam transverse recess in the beam transverse direction, in particular the depth of which is more than 10%, in particular more than 20%, preferably more than 30%, but in particular less than 70%, in particular less than 50%, preferably less than 40% of a, in particular maximum, width of the beam body. The recess depth is measured exclusively in the transverse direction, starting from the outer surface of the first outer wall of the beam in the area of ​​the beam body, up to the maximum transverse extent of the recess. Alternatively or additionally, the unit connection section can have a transverse projection analogous to the one described above. In this way, a support system formed by the structure can create a channel-shaped recess extending in the beam and / or profile direction to accommodate functional elements such as cables, ventilation ducts, etc. In particular, the channel-shaped recess is formed by the transverse recess of the beam / unit. According to a further, independent embodiment, at least one of the weld notches, in particular all weld notches, is designed for the introduction of a V- or HV weld. Additionally or alternatively, at least one of the weld notches, in particular all weld notches, includes an angle of more than 10°, in particular more than 30°, preferably more than 50°, and / or not more than 100°, in particular not more than 70°, preferably not more than 60°, between the respective weld bevel and the respective guide surface. Preferably, the angle is to be measured at the base of the corresponding weld notch. In particular, the weld notches are designed in such a way that there is no butt joint component in the sense of a butt or HY weld, and / or that the weld notch enables a butt weld. It is further disclosed that at least one free end of the support / unit strut, and in particular all free ends, are designed such that at the respective free end at least one of the weld bevels, and in particular all weld bevels, has a width of more than 2 mm, in particular more than 3 mm, preferably more than 4 mm, and / or not more than 15 mm, in particular not more than 12 mm, and preferably not more than 10 mm. This makes it possible to provide a sufficiently strong material bond between the profile support and the profile unit for force transmission. According to a specific embodiment, the support-connection section and / or the unit-connection section is / are designed such that at least one of the weld notches, in particular all weld notches, is / are open towards a support system environment of the support system. This is achieved in particular by arranging at least one of the guide surfaces, in particular all guide surfaces, and at least one of the weld bevels, in particular all weld bevels, at the respective free ends such that they are oriented towards the support system environment. Such an orientation exists when a person located in the support system environment can view a weld bevel at a viewing angle of at least 30°, in particular at least 60°, preferably at least 70°.The viewing angle is defined between the orientation of the surface of a respective weld bevel (relative to a respective cross-section) and a viewing axis between person and weld bevel. The described design of the weld notch(es) and / or the weld chamfer(s) enables access for welding into the respective weld notch. According to one embodiment, at least one of the free ends, in particular all free ends, is / are designed such that a carrier and / or unit gas pocket is provided between the carrier / unit weld bevel and the carrier / unit guide. In particular, a carrier / unit contour of the carrier / unit connection section is designed such that both the carrier / unit guide and the carrier / unit weld chamfer are formed directly adjacent to the respective carrier / unit gas pocket. Preferably, the respective contour is designed such that a surface section of the carrier / unit guide - optionally by performing an angle or a bend - transitions into a surface section of the carrier / unit gas pocket, which in turn - optionally by performing an angle or a bend - transitions further into a surface section of the carrier / unit weld bevel. At least one weld chamfer, in particular a weld chamfer formed by the guide surfaces, can be formed by a profile wall and / or by a profile wall. The term "support system environment" describes a space outside the formed or to be formed support system, in particular with a minimum distance to the support system of at least 50% of the width of the support body or the unit body. According to one embodiment, the profile beam(s) and / or profile unit are double-walled with internal ribbing and webs. Such internal ribbing forms an internal structure for strengthening and / or stiffening. The beam-connecting section, the unit-connecting section, the beam body, and / or the unit body can each be equipped with at least one internal web connecting the respective first outer wall to the second outer wall from an inner side. In particular, such a web is designed to support the beam guide surface and / or the unit guide surface from the inside. For example, the respective web (beam web and / or unit web) can be connected to the respective outer wall in such a way as to provide favorable force application points and enable an advantageous force flow through the profile beam and / or the profile unit. In this context, the term "advantageous" means, for example, that the force flow is subject to as few notch stress phenomena as possible. According to one embodiment, the web(s) is / are provided such that the distance between the inner web and the outer weld notch in the respective vertical direction is a maximum of 50%, in particular a maximum of 40%, preferably a maximum of 30%, a maximum difference between the maximum overall extent and the minimum overall extent. According to a further embodiment, a longitudinal axis of the web is essentially aligned parallel to the respective longitudinal axis of the strut. Alternatively, a longitudinal axis of the web and a respective longitudinal axis of the strut enclose an angle of at most 30°, in particular at most 20°, preferably at most 10°, and more preferably at most 5°. The previously described internal structures or webs for strengthening and / or stiffening can also be provided for the profile beam or profile unit. According to one embodiment, the profile support and the profile unit have a similar width in their respective transverse directions. In particular, the unit width of the unit body differs from the support width of the support body by no more than 30%, more specifically by no more than 20%, and preferably by no more than 10%. Furthermore, a support system for the car body of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, is disclosed, wherein the support system is formed by at least one profile beam and a profile unit welded thereto. In particular, the support system comprises at least one or a plurality of structures according to one or a combination of the preceding embodiments. The profile support and the profile unit can be welded together by placing the first weld joint in the first weld notch and by placing the second weld joint in the second weld notch according to a specific translation position with a specific overall extent, in particular according to the first translation position with the first overall extent or according to the second translation position with the second overall extent. According to a further aspect, a car body for a vehicle is disclosed. This car body has, for example, a floor constructed using at least one support system according to one of the preceding embodiments. Such a floor can in turn have recesses for receiving bogies or drive components, wherein corresponding height changes in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the vehicle and corresponding walls are constructed using a support system according to one of the preceding embodiments. Furthermore, walls of the vehicle running in the transverse or longitudinal direction can be represented using one or more support systems according to one of the preceding embodiments. According to one embodiment, the car body is not made of and / or not manufactured using steel profiles and / or essentially does not contain any steel profiles. In this context, the term "essentially" means that no essential load-bearing elements, support structures, beams, and / or other structural components (for example, profile beams, profile units), or components thereof, are made of and / or contain steel profiles. Preferably, this exclusion does not apply to fasteners such as screws and / or rivets. According to a preferred embodiment, the load-bearing system(s) and / or support systems of the car body are essentially entirely made of aluminum alloys. In this context, the term "essentially" means that all essential load-bearing elements, support structures, beams, and / or other structure-forming components (for example, profile beams, profile units), or components thereof, are made of at least one aluminum alloy. The structure for forming a support system demonstrates its conceptual strength here, as a large number of different components, units, walls, roof areas, tubs, recesses and / or other components and areas of the car body can be represented by essentially identical types of semi-finished products (profile beams, profile units) by welding corresponding semi-finished products together in different translational positions relative to each other. Brief description of the characters The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. The elements of the drawings are relative to each other and not necessarily to scale. Identical reference numerals denote identical or similar parts. Fig. 1 shows a rail vehicle with two wagons, each having a wagon body; Fig. 2 shows a section of a cross-section through a wagon body according to Fig. 1, showing a plurality of support systems; Fig. 3 is a perspective sectional view through a first embodiment of a support system of the wagon body according to Fig. 2; Fig. 4 represents a detailed cross-section through the first embodiment of the support system according to Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a perspective sectional view through a second embodiment of a support system of the wagon body according to Fig. 2; Fig.Fig. 6 represents a detailed cross-section through the second embodiment of the support system according to Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a perspective sectional view through a third embodiment of a support system of the car body according to Fig. 2; Fig. 8 represents a detailed cross-section through the third embodiment of the support system according to Fig. 7; and Fig. 9 shows details of the transition of the support-connection section and the unit-connection section by means of an enlarged section of the cross-section according to Fig. 3. Examples of implementation Fig. 1 shows an exemplary vehicle designed as a rail vehicle 100, comprising two wagons, each of which has a car body 102. The car bodies 102 are mounted on rails by means of bogies 101 so that they can roll freely. The car bodies 102 have an end structure 111 and / or an end wall 112 at their longitudinal end regions 103. Fig. 2 clearly shows that the car body 102 of the rail vehicle 100 according to Fig. 1 has a plurality of support systems 202. A floor 108, a wall 106, and / or a roof 107 is at least partially formed by a respective support system 202, which in turn consists of at least one profile beam 120 and one profile unit 140. According to the present example, a support profile direction 122 of the profile support 120 and an element profile direction 142 of the profile unit 140 extend essentially in the longitudinal direction 103 of the car body 102. However, it is also conceivable, for example, if a head structure 111 and / or an end wall 112 of the car body 102 has a support system 202 with a profile beam 120 and a profile unit 140, that a profile beam 120 and / or a profile element 140 is installed in the car body 102 at least partially aligned in a car body transverse direction 105, wherein a respective beam profile axis 123 of the profile beam 120 and / or element profile axis 143 of the profile unit 140 runs at least partially in a vertical direction 104 and / or in a car body transverse direction 105. It is not shown that a recess extending in the longitudinal direction 103 of the car body 102, for example designed as a receptacle for electrical components in a roof area of ​​the car body 102, is at least partially represented by a support system 202. Figures 3, 4, and 9 show a first embodiment of a support system 202 for the car body 102, for example, arranged in the area of ​​the roof 107. The support system 202 is formed by a structure 201 comprising a profile beam 120 and a profile unit 140 connected thereto. Figure 3 shows the support system 202, wherein the profile beam 120 and the profile unit 140 of the structure 201 are materially connected to each other by a first weld 212 and a second weld 213. For a more precise explanation, Figure 4 shows a detailed cross-section through the first embodiment of the support structure 202 without welds. Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 show a second embodiment of a structure 201 ( Fig. 6 ) of a support system 202 ( Fig. 5 ), wherein this is provided, for example, in a wall 106 of the car body 102. A third embodiment of a support system 202, for example provided in the floor 108, is represented by Fig. 7 and Fig. 8. In Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 to 9, a profile beam 120 and a profile unit 140 are arranged parallel to each other with respect to their profile axes (beam profile axis 113, unit profile axis 143), such that a beam profile direction 122 of the profile beam 120 is equal to a unit profile direction 142. In the illustrated embodiments, the profile beam 120 and the profile unit 140 are designed and arranged such that a beam vertical axis 125 is aligned at least parallel to a unit vertical axis 145 of the profile unit 140, and a beam vertical direction 127 is equal to a unit vertical direction 147. In particular, the vertical axis of the beam 125 and the vertical axis of the unit 140 are aligned. Furthermore, the transverse direction 126 of the profile beam 120 is equal to the transverse direction 146 of the profile unit 140. In the following, identical or similar details of the embodiments are first described with reference to the first embodiment according to Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 9, followed by an explanation of the specific differences of the individual embodiments. In Figures 3 and 4, the profile beam 120 and the profile unit 140 are arranged relative to each other in beam vertical axis 125 and unit vertical axis 145 according to a first translation position 203, such that the support system 202 assumes a first overall extent 205. As an alternative to the first translation position 203, the profile beam 120 and the profile unit 140 (structure 201) can assume at least one second translation position 204, resulting in a smaller second overall extent 206 of the support system 202. In the present case, the respective overall extents 205 and 206 are measured at the respective midpoints of a beam guide 130 of the profile beam and a unit guide 150 of the profile unit 140. However, other measuring points are also conceivable. The profile beam 120 can be subdivided into a beam-connection section 121 and a beam body 138, and the profile unit 140 into a unit-connection section 141 and a unit body 158. Since the profile beam 120 and the profile unit 140 are identical in the present embodiment, details of the profile beam 120 and the profile unit 140 are described only with reference to the profile beam 120. However, this also discloses that the profile unit 140 has corresponding details and is designed accordingly, with details of the profile unit 140 indicated in parentheses: The support 120 is a double-walled profile, in particular manufactured by means of extrusion, for example from an aluminum alloy, with a first support outer wall 170 (first unit outer wall 160) and a second support outer wall 171 (second unit outer wall 161). The first beam outer wall (170) and the second beam outer wall (171) are connected to each other via an internal grid structure comprising a beam web 129 (unit web 149), thereby forming the double-walled profile beam 120 (profile unit 140). A beam outer surface 128 of the first beam outer wall 170 and a beam outer surface 128 of the second beam outer wall 171 define a width 139 (159) of the beam body 138 (of the unit body 158) in the beam transverse direction 126 (unit transverse direction 146). The beam connection section 121 (unit connection section 141) connects to the beam body 138 (unit body 158) in the beam vertical direction 126 (unit vertical direction 146) and faces the unit connection section 141 (beam connection section 121). In the area of ​​the beam connection section 121, the first beam outer wall 170 (first unit outer wall 161) transitions into a strut connection area 177 of a beam strut 172 (unit strut 162). Fig. 9 shows details of the transition of the support-connection section 121 and the unit-connection section 141 by means of an enlarged section of a contact area of ​​the support strut 172 of the profile support 120 and a unit guide surface 153 of the profile unit 140, supported by a unit web 149 of the profile unit 140, whereby this also applies - not shown enlarged - to a unit strut 121 of the profile unit 140 and a support guide surface 133 and to a support web 129 of the profile support 120. Figure 9 shows that the unit web 149 is connected to the second unit outer wall 161 from the inside in a certain area, so that the unit guide surface 153 is supported from the inside by the unit web 149. In particular, a longitudinal axis of the unit web 149 can be substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 178 of the support strut 172 and / or a longitudinal axis of the support web 149 can be substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the unit strut 162. Alternatively, a longitudinal axis of the web and a respective longitudinal axis of the strut 162 form an angle of at most 30°, in particular at most 20°, preferably at most 10°, and more preferably at most 5°. The girder strut 172 connects to the first girder outer wall 170 at the strut connection area 177, with a longitudinal axis 178 of the girder strut 172 extending both in the girder transverse direction 126 and in the girder vertical direction 127. The girder strut 172 is angled relative to the first girder outer wall 170 and runs from a support system environment 207 of the support system 202 towards the girder vertical axis 125. The girder strut 172 forms a strut angle 181 of, for example, 45° with a parallel to the girder vertical axis 1265. The support strut 172 can be subdivided into the strut connection area 177, an adjoining strut body 179, and a free end 180 of the support strut 172. The free end 180 forms the support guide 130 (unit guide 150) and a support weld chamfer 132 (unit weld chamfer 152). By bearing against the unit outer surface 148 (support outer surface 128), the support guide 130 (unit guide 150) forms a first weld notch 210 (second weld notch 211) for receiving the first weld joint 212 (second weld joint 213). According to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 9 - also according to the second embodiment (Fig. 5, Fig. 6) and the third embodiment (Fig. 7, Fig. 8) - but not necessarily, a carrier gas pocket 132 (unit gas pocket 152) is provided between the carrier weld bevel 132 and the carrier guide surface 133. For example, the length 182 of the support strut 172 in the strut longitudinal axis 178 is at least twice, in particular at least three times (Fig. 4), at least five times (Fig. 6), or at least eight times (Fig. 8) the thickness 183 of the first outer wall 170 of the support. The length 182 is measured from the strut connection area 177 to the weld bevel 132 of the support. The beam strut 172 and a part of the first beam outer wall 171 together form a beam undercut 134 (unit undercut 154) on an inner side of the first beam outer wall 171. This beam undercut 134 extends at least in the beam transverse direction 126. The beam strut 172 and a part of the first beam outer wall 171 enclose and limit the beam undercut 134 in the beam transverse direction 126, and, in particular, also in the beam vertical direction 127 by the beam strut 172. The beam connection section 121 has a beam guide surface 133 (unit guide surface 153) on a beam outer surface 128 of the second beam outer wall 171. This serves to provide a defined contact surface in the beam transverse direction 126 for the unit guide 150 of the profile unit 140 (beam guide 130 of the profile beam 120). Furthermore, the girder connection section 121 can be subdivided into a girder projection 135 (unit projection 157) and a recessed girder section 137 (recessed unit section 157), with the girder projection 135 extending beyond the recessed girder section 137 in the girder vertical direction 127. With respect to the girder transverse direction 126, the girder connection section 121 has the girder projection 135 on one side of the girder vertical axis 125, with the recessed girder section 137 being provided on the other side of the girder vertical axis 125 in the girder transverse direction 126. The girder projection 135 includes at least the girder strut 172 and a part of the first girder outer wall 171. The support system 202 is formed from the structure 201 comprising the profile beam 120 and the profile unit 140 by bringing the beam connection section 121 into a statically at least determinate contact with the unit connection section 141, setting a specific translation position 203, 204 of profile beam 120 and profile unit 140 in beam vertical direction 127 / unit vertical direction 147, and by providing the first weld notch 210 formed by the beam weld chamfer 132 and the unit guide surface 153 with the first weld connection 212, and by providing the second weld notch 211 formed by the unit weld chamfer 152 and the beam guide surface 133 with the second weld connection 213. A defined, statically at least determinate contact between beam connection section 121 and unit connection section 141 results from the fact that an end face of the beam guide 130 makes contact with the unit guide surface 153, and that an end face of the unit guide 150 makes contact with the beam guide surface 133. Accordingly, in the beam / unit transverse direction 126 / 146, the beam guide 130 / unit guide 150 rests against the unit guide surface 153 / beam guide surface 133. The statically at least determinate contact results from the application of a sufficient normal force between profile beam 120 and profile unit 140 in the beam / unit transverse direction 126 / 146 by pressing the profile beam 120 with the beam connection section 121 against the unit connection section 141. A specific feature of the first embodiment of the support system 202 according to Figs. 3, 4, and 9 is that the beam connection section 121 forms a beam transverse projection 173 in the beam transverse direction 126, and the unit connection section 141 forms a unit transverse projection 163 in the unit transverse direction 146. Accordingly, the width 136 of the beam connection section 121 is greater than the width 139 of the beam body 138, and the width 156 of the unit connection section 141 is also greater than the width 159 of the unit body 158. Thus, the support system 202 forms a bulge 207 on both sides. In the first embodiment, the support undercut 134 (unit undercut 154) is partially formed by the support transverse projection 173 (unit transverse projection 163) and thereby partially enclosed. The second embodiment according to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is specific in that profile support 120 and profile unit 140 are designed such that a width 136 of the support connection section 121 is equal to a width 156 of the unit connection section 141. In particular, the width of the support system 202 in the beam vertical direction 127 / unit vertical direction 147 is constant, since a width 139 of the support body 138 is equal to a width 159 of the unit body 158. Furthermore, the support connecting section 121 has a support transverse recess 174 with a support recess depth 176, and the unit connecting section 141 has a unit transverse recess 164 with a unit recess depth 166. Thus, the support system 202 is provided with a recess 216 in both the area of ​​the profile support 120 and the area of ​​the profile unit 140, which can be used, for example, for cable routing or supply lines. The second embodiment of a support system 202 is particularly suitable for arrangement in a wall 106 of the car body 102, since an outer surface of the support system 202 is designed to be free of bulges. The third embodiment of the support system 202 according to Figs. 7 and 8 can be considered a varied, hybrid embodiment of the first and second embodiments. A unit connecting section 141 according to the third embodiment is designed with a unit transverse projection 163 analogous to the unit transverse projection 163 of the first embodiment, with the additional use of a unit transverse recess 164 according to the second embodiment. In this way, a unit transverse recess 164 with a unit recess depth 166 is formed, in particular together with a beam connection section 121 of the profile beam 120. Thus, a total width 218 of the support system 202 according to the third embodiment is greater than a width 159 of the unit body 158 and greater than a width 136 of the beam connection section 121. A beam connection section 121 of the profile beam 120 according to the third embodiment is abutted against the beam connection section 121 according to the first embodiment, but a first beam outer wall 170 does not form a beam transverse projection. Accordingly, the width of the beam connection section 136 according to the third embodiment is equal to the width 139 of the beam body 138. In the course of the present disclosure, it is apparent to a person skilled in the art that individual details of the first, second, and third embodiments can be meaningfully combined, with the third embodiment according to Figures 7 and 8 serving as a guide in this regard. However, it would be conceivable, for example, to apply a cross-projection 173 of the support connection section 121 according to the first embodiment to the support connection section 121 of the third embodiment, and thus arrive at a fourth embodiment. Reference sign 100 Rail vehicle 101 Bogie 102 Car body 103 Longitudinal direction 104 Vertical direction 105 Car body transverse direction 106 Wall 107 Roof 108 Floor 109 Interior 110 Vehicle surroundings 111 Head structure 112 End wall 201 Structure 202 Support system 203 First translation position 204 Second translation position 205 First overall extent 206 Second overall extent 207 Support system surroundings 210 First weld notch 211 Second weld notch 212 First weld joint 213 Second weld joint 214 Angle of inclination 215 Structure vertical axis 216 Recess 217 Bulge 218 Overall width 120 Profile beam 121 Beam connection section 122 Beam profile direction 123 Beam profile axis 124 Beam profile plane 125 Beam vertical axis 126 Beam transverse direction 127 Beam vertical direction 128 Beam outer surface 129 Beam web 130 Beam guide 131 Beam gas pocket 132 Beam weld chamfer 133 Beam guide surface 134 Beam undercut 135 Beam projection 136 Width of theBeam connection section 137 Recessed beam area 138 Beam body 139 Beam body width 170 First beam outer wall 171 Second beam outer wall 172 Beam strut 173 Beam transverse projection 174 Beam transverse recess 175 Beam transverse projection width 176 Beam recess depth 177 Strut connection area of ​​beam strut 178 Strut longitudinal axis of beam strut 179 Strut body of beam strut 180 Free end of beam strut 181 Strut angle 182 Length 183 Strength / Thickness 140 Profile unit 141 Unit connection section 142 Unit profile direction 143 Unit profile axis 144 Unit profile plane 145 Unit vertical axis 146 Unit transverse direction 147 Unit-Upright 148 Unit-Outer Surface 149 Unit-Floor 150 Unit-Guide 151 Unit-Gas Pocket 152 Unit-Weld Bevel 153 Unit-Guide Surface 154 Unit-Undercut 155 Unit-Protrusion 156 Unit-Joint Section Width 157 Recessed Unit Area 158 Unit-Body 159Unit body width 160 First unit outer wall 161 Second unit outer wall 162 Unit strut 163 Unit transverse projection 164 Unit transverse recess 165 Unit transverse projection width 166 Unit recess depth

Claims

Structure (201) for forming a support system (202) of a car body (102) of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle (100), comprising: a double-walled profile beam (120) defining a beam profile axis (123), a beam profile plane (124) extending perpendicular to it, and a beam transverse direction (126) and beam vertical direction (127) respectively running therein, with a first beam outer wall (170), a second beam outer wall (171), a beam body (138) and with a beam connecting section (121) adjoining it in the beam vertical direction (127); and a double-walled profile unit (140) defining a unit profile axis (143), a unit profile plane (144) extending perpendicular to it, and a unit transverse direction (146) and unit vertical direction (147) respectively running therein, with a first unit outer wall (160), a second unit outer wall (161),a unit body (158) and with a unit connecting section (141) adjoining it in the unit vertical direction (147), wherein the beam connecting section (121) has a beam strut (172) adjoining the first beam outer wall (170) and extending in the beam transverse direction (126) and in the beam vertical direction (127), and a beam guide surface (133) provided on a beam outer surface (128) of the second beam outer wall (171), and wherein a beam guide (130), a beam weld chamfer (132), and in particular a beam gas pocket (131) arranged between them are provided at a free end (180) of the beam strut (172).- wherein the unit connecting section (141) has a unit strut (162) adjoining the first unit outer wall (160) and extending in the unit transverse direction (146) and in the unit vertical direction (147), and a unit guide surface (153) provided on a unit outer surface (148) of the second unit outer wall (161), and wherein a unit guide (150), a unit weld bevel (152), and in particular a unit gas pocket (151) arranged between them are provided at a free end of the unit strut (162), and- wherein the beam guide (130) and the beam guide surface (133), and the unit guide (150) and the unit guide surface (153) are provided such that, by means of a common alignment of the beam and unit profile directions (122, 142), and by means of beam- and / or unit cross-direction (126,146) effective and normal force contact of the carrier guide (130) with the unit guide surface (153) and of the unit guide (150) with the carrier guide surface (133),- the profile carrier (120) and the profile unit (140) in the carrier and / or unit vertical direction (127, 147) can assume a plurality of different translation positions (203, 204), with relative fixity in the carrier and unit transverse direction (126, 146), relative to each other, such that a corresponding total extension (205, 206) of the profile carrier (120) and profile unit (140) is adjustable, and- that the carrier weld chamfer (132) with the unit guide surface (152) forms a first weld notch (210) for a first weld connection (212) and the unit weld chamfer (152) form a second weld notch (211) for a second weld connection (213) with the carrier guide surface (133). Structure (201) according to claim 1, wherein the support guide (130) and the unit guide surface (153) and / or the unit guide (150) and the support guide surface (133) are provided such that the first weld notch (210) and / or the second weld notch (211) is / are open towards a support system environment (207). Structure (201) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the support guide (130) and the unit guide surface (153) and / or the unit guide (150) and the support guide surface (133) are provided such that at least one, in particular all, weld notch(es) (210, 211) each form an angle suitable for introducing a V- or HV weld, such that at least one, in particular all, weld notch(es) (210, 211) each include an angle of more than 10°, in particular more than 20°, preferably more than 50°, and / or not more than 100°, in particular not more than 70°, preferably not more than 60°, and / or such that at least one, in particular all, weld bevel(s) (132, 152) each have a width of more than 2 mm, in particular more than 3 mm, preferably more than 4 mm, and / or not more than 15 mm, in particular not more than 12 mm, preferably not more than 10 mm, has / have. Structure (201) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the free end (180) of the support strut (172) and / or the unit strut (162) is designed such that at least one, in particular all, gas pockets (131, 151) are arranged in the support and / or unit vertical direction (127, 147) between the respective weld bevel (132, 152) and a respective stop surface of the respective guide (130, 150). Structure (201) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the support strut (172) forms at least partially a support undercut (134) oriented in the transverse direction (126) of the support and away from the support guide (130), and / or wherein the unit strut (162) forms at least partially a unit undercut (154) oriented in the transverse direction (146) of the unit and away from the unit guide (150). Structure (201) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the support connecting section (121) in the support vertical direction (127) has a support projection (135) formed at least partially by the support strut (172) and a support area (137) that supports the support guide surface (133) and is recessed in comparison, and / or wherein the unit connecting section (141) in the unit vertical direction (147) has a unit projection (155) formed at least partially by the unit strut (162) and a unit area (157) that supports the unit guide surface (153) and is recessed in comparison. Structure (201) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the beam guide (130) and the beam guide surface (133) are provided on the beam connection section (121) such that the beam connection section (121) and the unit guide surface (153) are provided on the unit connection section (141) such that the beam connection section (121) and the unit connection section (141) overlap at least partially in the beam vertical direction (127) and / or in the unit vertical direction (147). Structure (201) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier guide (130) and the unit guide surface (153), and the unit guide (150) and the carrier guide surface (133) are provided such that, upon contacting, the carrier vertical axis (125) and the unit vertical axis (145) run parallel, in particular aligned, to each other and thus the structure (201) has a common structure vertical axis (215). Structure (201) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the support connecting section (121) has a support transverse projection (173) in the support transverse direction (126) with a support transverse projection width (175) which is at least partially formed by the support strut (172), in particular wherein the support transverse projection width (175) is more than 10%, in particular more than 20%, preferably more than 30%, but in particular less than 100%, in particular less than 70%, preferably less than 50% of a width (139) of the support body (138), and / or wherein the unit connecting section (141) has a unit transverse projection (163) in the unit transverse direction (146) with a unit transverse projection width (165) which is at least partially formed by the unit strut (162), in particular wherein the Unit transverse projection width (165) more than 10%, in particular more than 20%, preferably more than 30%, but in particular less than 100%, in particular less than 70%.preferably less than 50% of a width (159) of the unit body (158). Structure (201) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the support connecting section (121) has no support transverse projection in the support transverse direction (126), and a width (136) of the support connecting section (121) does not exceed a width (139) of the support body (138), wherein the unit connecting section (141) has no unit transverse projection in the unit transverse direction (146), and a width (156) of the unit connecting section (141) does not exceed a width (159) of the unit body (158), wherein the support connecting section (121) has a support transverse recess (174) in the support transverse direction (126), the depth (176) of which is in particular more than 10%, in particular more than 20%, preferably more than 30%, but in particular less than 70%. more than 50%, preferably less than 40%, of a width (139) of the carrier body (138),- wherein the unit connecting section (141) has a unit transverse recess (164) in the unit transverse direction (146), the unit recess depth (166) being in particular more than 10%, in particular more than 20%, preferably more than 30%, but in particular less than 70%, in particular less than 50%, preferably less than 40% of a width (159) of the unit body (158). Support system (202) of a car body (102) of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle (100), comprising a structure (201) for forming the support system (202) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the profile support (120) and the profile unit (140) are welded together by applying the first weld connection (212) in the first weld notch (210) and by applying the second weld connection (213) in the second weld notch (211) according to the first translation position (203) or the second translation position (204). Support system (202) according to claim 11, wherein the support connecting section (121) and / or the unit connecting section (141) is / are configured such that a maximum overall width (218) of the support system (202) in the area of ​​the connecting sections (121, 141) does not exceed a maximum width (139) of the support body (138) and / or the maximum width (159) of the unit body (158), or such that a total width (218) of the support system (202) in the area of ​​the connecting sections (121, 141) does not exceed a maximum width (139) of the support body (138) and / or a maximum width (159) of the unit body (158) by more than 10%, in particular more than 20%, preferably more than 40%, but in particular less than 100%, in particular less than 70%, preferably less than exceeds 50%. Support system (202) according to one of the preceding claims 11 to 12, wherein a width (136, 156) of the support connection section (121) and / or of the unit connection section (141) is selected to be smaller than a maximum support width (139) of the profile support (120) and / or a maximum unit width (159) of the profile unit (140), such that a channel-shaped recess (216) extending in the support and / or profile direction (122, 142) is formed. Car body (102) for a vehicle, in particular for a rail vehicle (100), comprising: - a floor (108) which is at least partially formed by a support system (202) according to one of claims 11 to 13; - at least one, preferably two, wall(s) (106) extending at least partially in a vertical direction (104) of the car body (102) and connected to the floor (110), which are at least partially formed by the support system (202) according to one of claims 11 to 13; - a roof (107) extending at least partially in a transverse direction (105) of the car body and connected to the walls (106), which is at least partially formed by the support system (202) according to one of claims 11 to 13; and / or - at least one head structure (111) and / or end wall (112) of the car body 102, each of which is at least partially formed by the support system (202) according to one of claims 11 to 13. one of claims 11 to 13 is / are formed. Vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle (100) comprising a car body (102) according to claim 14.

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