Swivel adapter for a ground anchor

Abstract

Swivel adapter (1) for attachment to the head end (14) of a ground anchor (10), the swivel adapter (1) comprising: - a lower part (20) with a flat base (22) for detachable arrangement at the head end (14), wherein the lower part (20) has a curved receptacle (26) facing away from the base (22) and wherein the lower part (20) has a cylindrical side wall (27) enclosing an edge of the flat base (22), wherein the base merges into a cover (24) via the side wall (27), and wherein the cover (24) has the receptacle (26) curved inwards towards the base (22), - an upper part (30) with a mounting plate (31) and with an insert (36) which can be inserted into the receptacle (26) and adjustably fixed in the receptacle (26), wherein the base (22) has a flat contact surface (19) on an outer side (22b) facing away from the receptacle (26), by means of which the lower part (20) can be brought into contact with an end face or end wall (16) of the head end (14) of the ground anchor (10).

Description

Technical FieldThe present invention relates to a pivot adapter for an earth anchor, to such an earth anchor and to a use for fixing and fastening the pivot adapter to the earth anchor, wherein the earth anchor is designed for insertion into the ground or into the ground.BackgroundGround anchors or so-called screw foundations for anchoring in the ground are sufficiently known in the prior art. For example, DE 10 2005 045 574 A1 describes a rotary foundation for anchoring in the ground, which comprises a cylindrical region and a conical region. A coil, which enables the turning foundation to be turned into the ground, is attached to the conical region and is connected to the latter by means of a weld seam.The cylindrical portion is further provided at its earth-side end with a tip formed by obliquely cutting the cylindrical portion so as to promote penetration of the cylindrical portion into the soil. At the cylindrical region, which is designed as a hollow cylinder, objects to be anchored, such as posts or traffic signs, can be introduced, for example.DE 89 13 087 U1 discloses a device for fastening objects in the ground, comprising a pipe which can be driven into the ground and which is provided with a tip at its front end pointing in the driving direction and with a striking surface at its rear end.For such ground anchors or screw foundations, it is generally desirable, in particular with regard to the add-on parts to be fastened thereto, to anchor these as precisely as possible in a vertical orientation in the ground or in the ground.In this respect, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved ground anchor and to enable as simple as possible assembly and alignment of add-on parts on such a ground anchor. In this way, in particular, the most precise alignment possible, for example a vertical or horizontal alignment of add-on or add-on parts on the ground anchor, is to be achieved. The ground anchor should furthermore be characterized by a particularly robust construction and by a compact geometry.This object is achieved with a pivot adapter for fastening to an earth anchor, with an earth anchor and with a use for fixing and fastening the pivot adapter to the earth anchor according to the features of patent claims 1, 10 and 15. Advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of dependent patent claims.In this respect, a swivel adapter is provided for fastening to the head end of an earth anchor. The swivel adapter comprises a lower part with a base for releasable arrangement at the head end of the ground anchor. The lower part has a receptacle facing away from the base. The pivot adapter further includes a top portion having a mounting plate and an insert. The insert can be inserted or inserted into the receptacle of the lower part and it can be adjustably fixed in the receptacle. The mounting plate serves for the arrangement and fastening of add-on parts on the swivel adapter and thus via the swivel adapter on the ground or ground anchor.The lower part further has a planar base with a cylindrical side wall enclosing the edge of the base. The floor merges via the side wall into a ceiling which has a receptacle which is curved inwards towards the floor.The adjustability of the insert in or on the receptacle of the lower part enables a precise alignment of the upper part with respect to the lower part, wherein any superstructures or further add-on parts are to be fastened to the upper part.The bottom of the lower part has a planar contact surface on an outer side facing away from the receptacle, by means of which contact surface the lower part can be brought into contact position with an end face or end wall of the head end of the ground anchor. A planar contact surface enables a particularly good and full-surface mutual contact position of the floor and thus of the entire pivot adapter on an end face or on an end wall of the head end of the ground anchor. Forces acting in the axial direction can be transmitted particularly well from the swivel adapter to the ground anchor in this way, and vice versa.A planar contact surface on the underside of the pivot adapter also enables a tilt-free and thus particularly secure and fixed arrangement of the pivot adapter on the end face or on the end wall of the head end of the ground anchor.It is provided in particular here that the upper part is pivotably mounted on the lower part. In this respect, the receptacle and the insert can be configured to correspond or complement each other in such a way that a mounting of the upper part on the lower part pivotable in one or more directions is provided.The pivot adapter with its lower part can typically be fixed firmly to the head end of the ground anchor. By means of the movable and fixable mounting or mounting of the upper part on the lower part, any positional deviations of the ground anchor from a predetermined geometric installation position in the ground or subsoil can be compensated in a simple manner. If the ground anchor is not in a provided vertical orientation, for example, after being introduced into the ground or into the subsoil, an inclination and deviation of its upper part from a vertical caused as a result can be compensated for as required by arranging the pivot adapter on the upper part.In this respect, by means of the adjustable but mutually fixable arrangement of the upper part on the base part, an at least slightly oblique introduction of the ground anchor into the ground can be compensated effectively. Thus, the elongated base part can also be introduced into the ground at an angle up to a certain angle, typically screwed or screwed in, from a perpendicular or perpendicular. The upper part can then be adjusted, for example pivoted, according to a predetermined orientation on the receptacle of the base part and fixed in a provided final orientation on the receptacle of the base part.It is advantageous here that the swivel adapter can be detachably arranged at the head end of an earth anchor. Thus, positional or alignment inaccuracies of those ground anchors for which a subsequent adjustment or a renewed introduction into the ground would actually be required can subsequently be provided with a pivot adapter, which can be arranged and / or fixed in a simple manner at the head end of the respective ground anchor. A renewed, sometimes complicated, insertion or drilling of the ground anchor into the ground is thus not necessary.Nevertheless, an incorrect alignment of the head end of the ground anchor can be compensated or corrected by arranging the pivot adapter at the head end.The swivel adapter is suitable in particular for ground anchors already available on the market. Thus, existing ground anchors can also be subsequently provided with the swivel adapter in order to eliminate any position or alignment errors.According to a further embodiment, the pivot adapter has a fastening element, by means of which the upper part can be fixed relative to the lower part and by means of which the lower part can be fastened and / or fixed to the head end of the ground anchor.It is provided here that both the upper part can be fixed relative to the lower part and the lower part can be fastened and / or fixed to the ground anchor by means of a single fastening element.From the standpoint of assembly technology, such a configuration has proven to be highly advantageous since a plurality of parts of the pivot adapter or of the ground anchor can be fixed to one another and fastened to one another with only a single fastening element. This is also advantageous from the standpoint of assembly technology. Thus, by means of a single assembly step, both a fixing of the upper part to the lower part and a fastening of the lower part, and therefore of the entire pivot adapter, can be achieved at the head end of the ground anchor.According to a further embodiment, the fastening element has an elongated shaft which passes through both the upper part and the lower part in the longitudinal direction. The fastening element can furthermore also pass through a part of the head end of the ground anchor or interact with a counter fastening element provided on the head end. The elongated shaft can typically be passed through an aligned arrangement of a plurality of passage openings on the upper part, on the lower part and on the head end. In this way, all of these components can be fixed to one another and fastened to one another.According to a further embodiment, the fastening element can be brought into engagement with a counter fastening element provided at the head end of the ground anchor. This can be a positive and / or frictional mutual engagement of the fastening element and the counter fastening element.In typical embodiments, the fastening element is configured as a screw or as a screw bolt. The counter-fastening element is then designed as a screw nut which can be brought into engagement with an external thread of the screw or of the screw bolt.According to a further embodiment, the receptacle of the lower part has a concavely curved ball socket. The insert of the upper part configured complementarily thereto has a correspondingly curved ball head.The external geometry of the ball head typically corresponds to the internal geometry of the ball socket. Thus, a particularly large-area mutual mechanical support between the ball socket and the ball head can be realized. This proves to be advantageous for the transmission of force between the upper part and the base part.The mutually corresponding or complementary configuration of the ball head and the ball socket enables a pivotable mounting of the upper part relative to the lower part. In particular, this can provide and support the upper part on the lower part, which can be pivoted in several and / or arbitrary directions.According to a further embodiment, the base of the lower part has a first through-opening which is formed or arranged in alignment with a second through-opening of the receptacle. The first through-opening and the second through-opening are typically located at a predefined distance from the outer edge of the base or of the receptacle. The aligned arrangement of the first and second through-openings typically extends in the longitudinal direction or in the axial direction. The first and the second through-openings in particular allow the passage or the accommodation of the fastening element.According to a further embodiment, the insert has a third through-opening, which can be arranged in alignment with the first and / or second through-opening. In such an aligned arrangement of the three through-openings, the fastening element can be passed through the three through-openings and thus bring about a mutual fixing of upper part and lower part.By means of the through-openings of the receptacle and the insert which are aligned with one another, the upper part can be fixed adjustably on the lower part. Through the aligned arrangement of the through openings of the receptacle and insert, a fastening or fixing means can be passed, by means of which the upper part can be fixed in the receptacle in a frictionally locking manner. The fixing means can be designed in particular as a clamping means, for example as a fixing screw, in order to exert a clamping force on the receptacle and on the lower part, which clamping force extends substantially perpendicularly through the aligned arrangement of the two passage openings.According to a further embodiment, the swivel adapter further comprises an intermediate piece, which comprises a fourth through-opening, an inner side and an outer side opposite the inner side.The intermediate piece can be brought to bear in particular on an inner side of the spherical cap-shaped or hollow ball head of the upper part. The inner side is located on a side of the ball head facing away from the ball socket. The fourth through-opening of the intermediate piece can be arranged in alignment with the through-openings of the ball head and the ball socket. The intermediate piece acts as an abutment for the fastening element, in particular for a radially widened head of the fastening element, when the latter engages with the counter fastening element, which is typically formed on the ground anchor, and in the process exerts a clamping force which is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the shank.According to a further embodiment, the inner side of the intermediate piece can be brought to bear against an inner side of the ball head. The outer side of the intermediate piece can be engaged or brought into contact with the fastening element in a clamping manner. The inner side of the clamping element can be formed and geometrically shaped corresponding to the inner side of the ball head. For example, the inner side of the ball head can have a curvature, for example a concave curvature. Accordingly, the inner side of the intermediate piece has a convex curvature, which corresponds to the concave curvature of the inner side of the ball head.In this way, a substantially full-surface mutual contact position of intermediate piece and inner side of the ball head can be achieved. The outer side of the intermediate piece can be designed in accordance with the geometry of the radially widened head of the fastening element. If the head has, for example, a substantially planar or planar geometry, the outer side of the intermediate piece can be configured to be substantially planar or planar.The adaptation of the external geometry of the intermediate piece to the head of the fastening element and to the inner side of the ball head enables a particularly homogeneous and precise introduction of clamping or pressure forces into the clamping or frictional arrangement of ball head and ball socket.According to a further embodiment of the ground anchor, the third through-opening of the insert, and therefore the through-opening of the ball head, has an inner cross-section which is larger than an inner cross-section of the second and / or first through-opening of the receptacle and / or of the base, and therefore larger than the through-opening of the ball socket.The inner cross section of the through-opening in the region of the receptacle or in the region of the ball socket can substantially correspond to the cross section of the elongated shank of the fastening element. For a movable or pivotable alignment of the insert, and therefore of the ball head, in the ball socket, it is advantageous if the inner cross section of the through-opening of the insert is larger than the inner cross section of the through-opening of the receptacle at least along a transverse direction. In this way, the insert, and therefore the ball head, can be pivoted in the receptacle, and therefore in the ball socket, as required.According to a further embodiment of the ground anchor, it is provided that the inner cross section of the through-opening of the insert or of the ball head has an elongated hole and accordingly has an approximately rectangular or elliptical contour. This enables the insert to be pivoted along a direction predetermined by the longitudinal direction of the slot.If the axis of rotation or pivot axis of the ball head is to be rotated or changed, this can be effected by a rotation of the insert, and therefore of the ball head, with respect to an axis of rotation which extends through a central longitudinal axis of the insert or through the aligned arrangement of the through-openings.According to a further embodiment of the ground anchor, the head of the fastening element can be fixed within the hollow curvature of the insert or of the ball head and / or within the receptacle of the head end or within the socket of the head end of the elongated base part. In particular, the head does not protrude from the receptacle in the longitudinal direction. In its final assembly configuration, an end of the head facing away from the shank portion is located completely within the insert or within the receptacle.According to a further formation, an inner side of the receptacle of the base facing the base of the base is supported at least in regions directly on an inner side of the base facing the receptacle. In this way, a mechanical stabilization of the curved receptacle, in particular in the edge region of the second through-opening, can be achieved. In the case of a fastening element passing through the through-openings and in the case of optionally provided tightening of the fastening element, an axial clamping force is exerted on the mutual contact of the lower part and upper part. By the direct support of the receptacle at least in regions on the floor, the lower part can be structurally reinforced and thus absorb and transmit the axial forces occurring during screwing or fixing particularly well.The mutual support of the receptacle and of the base further counteracts an otherwise possible deformation of the receptacle and / or of the base when the fastening element is tightened.The pivot adapter, in particular its lower part and / or its upper part, is typically manufactured from a metallic material, for example hot-dip galvanized steel or stainless steel. The upper part can typically be configured in one piece. The lower part can be configured in one or more parts. The entire ground anchor, and therefore its base part, can be made of metal, in particular steel, for example galvanized and thus corrosion-resistant steel.The side wall and the base of the lower part can be configured in one piece and manufactured as a deep-drawn component. Likewise, the receptacle can be manufactured as a deep-drawn component. The curved receptacle can be welded, for example, via its circumferential outer edge to a region of the side wall facing away from the base. In this case, the deepest point or region of the receptacle can come into contact with an inner side of the base or be supported structurally thereon.According to a further aspect, the present invention finally relates to an earth anchor for introducing into the ground or into the soil. The ground anchor has an elongated base body with a foot end that can be introduced into the ground and with a head end opposite the foot end. In an assembly position, the head end typically protrudes from the ground or ends flush with the ground or soil. At the head end, an end face or an end wall is formed, on which an above-described pivot adapter is arranged, in particular arranged in a detachable manner.According to a further embodiment, it is provided here that the end wall at the head end of the ground anchor has a fifth through-opening for receiving the fastening element. In this respect, a final mounting position on the ground anchor is provided for the pivot adapter, in which the through-openings of the pivot adapter come to lie flush with the fifth through-opening of the ground anchor. Then, by means of a single fastening element, the swivel adapter can be locked or fixed as well as fastened to the ground anchor.According to a further embodiment, a counter-fastening element corresponding to the fastening element is arranged and / or fixed on an inner inner side of the end wall of the ground anchor.The counter-fastening element can be a nut, for example a so-called weld nut, which is arranged on an inner side of the end wall of the ground anchor facing away from the pivot adapter, which is aligned with the fifth through-opening, or is welded to the inner side of the end wall. The weld nut or screw nut may have an internal thread which is formed corresponding to an external thread of the elongated shank of the fastening element.According to a further embodiment, the end wall of the ground anchor has a flat, external contact surface for the bottom of the swivel adapter. It is advantageous here if both the outer side of the base and the outer side of the end wall each have a planar contact surface. In this way, a far-reaching tilting and play-free mounting of the pivot adapter on the ground anchor can take place.In a further aspect, the use of a previously described pivot adapter and a previously described ground anchor for fixing and fastening the pivot adapter to the ground anchor is finally provided. The pivot adapter is arranged with its lower part at the head end of the ground anchor. By means of a fastening element, typically by means of a single fastening element, the upper part is then fixed to the lower part and in this case the lower part is fastened to the ground anchor at the same time.For this purpose, it is provided from the assembly point of view that the through-openings in the lower part and upper part as well as at the intermediate piece and at the head end of the ground anchor are brought flush one above the other, then the fastening element is to be passed through the flush arrangement of the through-openings and finally the fastening element is to be connected, preferably screwed, to the counter-fastening element provided at the head end.Then, the fastening element can apply a clamping force acting in the axial direction, i.e. in the longitudinal direction of the shank of the fastening element, to the intermediate piece and finally to the ball head, the ball socket, and to the end wall. The pivot adapter and any further add-on parts to be fastened thereto can thus be aligned, for example, with respect to the vertical and fixed with respect to its direction by means of a single mounting step and also fastened and fixed to the ground anchor.Brief Description of the FiguresFurther objects, features and advantageous possible applications of the ground anchor will be explained in the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. The following are shown here: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a ground anchor, FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the ground anchor, FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of the lower part of the swivel adapter viewed obliquely from above, FIG. 4 shows a perspective illustration of the lower part of the pivot adapter viewed obliquely from below, FIG. 5 is a cross-section through the lower part, FIG. 6 shows a cross section through the arrangement of the pivot adapter in the mounting position at the head end of the ground anchor, FIG. 7 shows a perspective illustration of the upper part of the swivel adapter viewed obliquely from above, FIG. 8 is a cross-section through the upper part, FIG. 9 shows a perspective illustration of the upper part of the pivot adapter viewed obliquely from below, FIG. 10 is a side view of the intermediate piece FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the intermediate piece, FIG. 12 shows an alternative embodiment of the upper part in a side view, FIG. 13 shows a further alternative embodiment of the upper part in a side view, FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a bracket for fastening a beam or carrier to the ground anchor, FIG. 15 shows a further perspective illustration of the console according to FIG. 14, FIG. 16 is a top view of the console, FIG. 17 is a front view of the console; and FIG. 18 is an enlarged detail view of a beam fastened to the ground anchor by means of a bracket.Detailed DescriptionFIGS. 1 and 2 show an exemplary embodiment of a ground anchor 10 which can be introduced into the soil, typically screwed into the soil. The ground anchor 10 has a base body 13 or a corresponding base part with a head end 14 and with an opposite foot end 15. The base body 13 is an elongated base part. The head end 14 is located at a longitudinal end. The foot end 15 at the opposite longitudinal end of the base part or base body 13 is designed to taper to a point. It has a tip 11 at its free end. The end section lying at the bottom in the mounting direction, for example the lower half of the base body 13, is designed to taper conically towards the foot end 15 or towards the tip 11.A helical helix 12 is formed on an outer side of the foot end 15, which enables the ground anchor 10 to be screwed into the ground or ground.The top head end 14 is substantially hollow-cylindrical. It has a substantially cylindrical side wall 17. As shown in FIG. 2 in particular, the end of the side wall 17 facing away from the foot end 15 forms a head end 14 of the base body 13, and the side wall 17 has two opposite through-openings 9 in the region of the head end 14. A rod can be inserted through these through-openings, for example, by means of which rod a torque for screwing the ground anchor 10 into the ground can be applied to the ground anchor 10.The head end 14 terminates with a flat end wall 16. The end wall, as shown in FIG. 6, has an inner side 16 afacing into the cavity and an opposite outer side 16 b. On the inner side 16 a, a counter fastening element 60, for example in the form of a nut 61, is provided. The counter-fastening element 60, and therefore the nut 61, can be welded to the inner side 16 aand in this respect can be designed as a weld nut. In the edge region of the end wall 16, as shown in FIG. 2, a further opening 8 can be formed. Excess corrosion protection material, for example zinc, can run out of the interior cavity of the base body 13 through this outlet opening 8.Aligned with the internal thread of the nut 61, a through-opening 18 is formed on the end wall 16, through which a fastening element 50 with a shank 53 can be passed.On the end wall 16 or on the end face of the ground anchor 16, a swivel adapter 1 can be detachably arranged. The swivel adapter 1 has a lower part 20 and an upper part 30. The lower part 20 has a base 22, which can be arranged and / or fixed directly against the end wall 16 on the base body 13.The lower part 20 can have a one- or multi-part base body 21. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, in particular as illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 5, the lower part 20 has a substantially cylindrical basic geometry. The floor 22 merges via a cylindrical side wall 27 into a ceiling 24. The ceiling 24 has an inwardly curved receptacle 26 for the upper part 30 toward the floor 22. In particular, the ceiling 24 is designed as a spherical socket 28 in the form of a spherical cap. The receptacle 26 can thus have a dome-shaped geometry.A through opening 29 is formed in a radial center of the bottom 22. This is referred to herein as a first through-opening. A through opening 25 is likewise formed in the ceiling 24, which comes to lie flush with the through opening 29. The through opening 25 is also referred to as a second through opening in the present context.The through-openings 25, 29 typically have an identical cross-sectional geometry. They are designed to receive the shank 53 of the fastening element 50.As shown in particular in the cross section of FIG. 5, the ceiling 24 has an inner side 26 afacing the floor 22. The floor 22 has an inner side 22 afacing the ceiling 24. In the region of the through-openings 25, 29, the mutually facing inner sides 26 a, 22 aof the ceiling 24 and floor 22 touch one another.Consequently, the ceiling 24 can be structurally supported on the opening boundary of the first through-opening 29 approximately in the region of the opening boundary of the second through-opening 25. In this way, a particularly stable lower part 20 can be formed. This is advantageous in particular for a clamping arrangement of lower part 20, upper part 30 and head end 14, which can be formed by means of the fastening element 50. Any axial clamping forces which can be introduced via the fastening element 50 into the arrangement shown here thus do not lead, or at most to a particularly small extent, to a possible deformation of the receptacle 26.The side wall 27 and the base 22 of the lower part 20 can be manufactured in one piece, for example as a deep-drawn component made of metal. Similarly, the ceiling 24 can also be manufactured from metal as a deep-drawn component. The ceiling 24 can typically be welded via its circumferential outer edge to the upper edge of the side wall 27. In this respect, the lower part 20 can have a single-part or else multi-part base body 21.In the illustration according to FIG. 4, further through-openings 23 in the base 22 are shown. These open into the cavity of the lower part 20 delimited by the side wall 27, the floor 22 and the ceiling 24, and function as a discharge opening for corrosion protection, for example for hot-dip galvanizing or for electroplating.As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 1 to 3, the receptacle 26 has a ball socket or a ball socket section 28 with a through-opening 25. The ball socket or the ball socket section 28 is again shown separately in FIG. 3. The ball socket 28 has a concave curvature which, in the installed or assembled state of the ball socket 28, is curved towards the head end 14.With an exact fit to the receptacle 26, or with an exact fit to the ball socket section 28, the upper part 30 has an insert 36 designed in the manner of a ball head 38. As shown in FIGS. 7-9, the insert 36 has a curvature 37 which corresponds to the curvature of the ball socket 28. Approximately centrally or centrally in the insert 36 a further through opening 39, for example a third through opening, is formed.In the assembled state of the upper part 30 and the receptacle 26, the through-opening 39 is arranged and aligned flush with the through-opening 25 of the receptacle 26. As shown in FIG. 9 in particular, the through opening 39 has an elongated hole 35. The elongated hole 35 is characterized by a long side and by a short side. The short side of the slot 35 has an extension or an inner cross section which substantially corresponds to the diameter of the through-opening 25 of the receptacle 26. The long side of the slot 35 has a significantly greater extension compared to this. This enables the upper part 30 to be pivoted on or in the receptacle 26 with respect to a pivot axis which extends substantially parallel to the short side of the slot 35.For fixing the upper part 30 to the lower part 20, the fastening element 50 is provided. In the present exemplary embodiment, this has an elongated shank 53 with a threaded section 54. The threaded portion 54 is an external thread formed corresponding to the internal thread of the nut 61. The fastening element 50 further has a head 52 which is radially widened with respect to the shank 53. The diameter or width of the head 52 is larger than the short side of the elongated hole 35.Finally, the swivel adapter 1 also has an intermediate piece 40 with a curved inner side 42 and with a substantially planar outer side 43. Furthermore, the intermediate piece 40 has a fourth through-opening 49, which extends from the inner side 42 to the outer side 43. The inner side 42 situated at the bottom in FIGS. 2 and 6 is formed corresponding to the curvature 37 of the ball head 38. The opposite outer side 43 of the intermediate piece 40 is designed to correspond or correspond to the geometry of the underside of the head 52 of the fastening element 50. In a final assembly position shown in FIG. 6, the shank 53 of the fastening element 50 passes through the aligned arrangement of the through-openings 49, 39, 25, 29 and 18 of intermediate piece 40, upper part 30, lower part 20 and end wall 16.In a pre-assembly position, in which the fastening element 50, in particular its shank portion 53, passes through all the through-openings 49, 39, 25, 29, 18, the pivot adapter 1, in particular its upper part 30, can still be pivoted into a required assembly position with respect to the lower part 20. Then, by tightening the fastening element 50, a sufficient clamping force can be exerted on the ball head connection, so that not only the lower part 20 is fixed relative to the upper part 30, but also the lower part 20 is firmly connected to the head end 14 of the ground anchor 10. In this respect, an assembly simplification results.In this case, the underside of the head 52 comes to rest against the upper outer side 43 of the intermediate piece 40. Screwing the fastening element 50, or screwing the fastening or fixing screw 51 to the counter fastening element 60, and therefore to the nut 61, results in the exertion of a clamping force on the arrangement of intermediate piece 40, ball head 38 and ball socket 28.The through-opening 49 of the intermediate piece 40 can be formed corresponding to the outer diameter of the shank 53 of the fastening element 50. The external dimensions of the intermediate piece 40 are at least significantly larger than the dimensions of the slot 35 so that a sufficient pressing effect on the inside of the curvature 37 of the insert 36, and therefore on the ball head 38, can be achieved.The upper part 30 which can be adjustably fixed to the base part 20 has, adjacent to the insert 36, for example an approximately planar mounting plate 31 which, in the final mounted state according to FIG. 3, projects radially outwards from the outer side of the head end 24 of the base part 20. This mounting plate 31 can protrude in a flange-like manner from the outer periphery of the base part 20. In the present exemplary embodiment, the mounting plate 31 has marginal recesses or through-openings 32. These make it possible to fasten various add-on parts, for example a tightening by means of a screw bolt 141, as shown in FIG. 18.Instead of recesses 32 on the edge side, through-openings, optionally paired with weld nuts on the mounting plate 31, are equally conceivable.The ball head connection of the upper part 30 to the lower part of the swivel adapter 1 makes it possible in particular for the ground anchor 10 not necessarily to be screwed exactly perpendicularly into the ground. Any deviations from a vertical or vertical orientation of the ground anchor 10 can be compensated for by the adjustable and subsequently fixable arrangement of the upper part 30 on the lower part.In FIGS. 12 and 13 two further exemplary embodiments of upper parts 70, 80 are shown, which can be used alternatively or instead of the upper part 30 shown in FIGS. 1-9. These have in each case an insert 36 with a ball head 38 which is provided with a convex curvature 37 which, as described above with respect to the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 6 to 9, has in each case a through-opening 39 designed as an elongate hole 35.The upper part 70 shown in FIG. 12 has, axially adjoining an end facing away from the ball head 38, a side wall 71 which forms a receptacle 74 open towards the top. The side wall 71 can be cylindrical and in this respect can be configured as a hollow sleeve. This is suitable, for example, for receiving elongated objects, such as posts or sunshades. The side wall 71 or sleeve can be formed integrally with the insert 36 or can be integrally bonded thereto, for example welded. An outer wall of the side wall 71 may be approximately flush with an outer wall of the insert 36.The hollow interior of the side wall 71 can transition without interruption into the interior of the bulge 37. In this way, the upwardly facing inner side of the curvature 37 remains freely accessible for any mounting tools.The upper part 80 shown in FIG. 13 likewise has a receptacle 84 open towards the top. The receptacle 84 is bounded by at least two opposite side legs 81, 83. These side legs 81, 83 extend from an upper end of the upper part 80 facing away from the ball head 38 An outer wall of the side legs 81, 83 can also come to lie here approximately flush with an outer wall of the insert 36. The side legs 81, 83 can be formed integrally with the insert 36 or can be integrally bonded thereto, for example welded thereto.The mutually opposite legs 81, 83 can function, for example, as post supports. A suitable post or a correspondingly elongated attachment part can be placed in the free space between the opposing legs 81, 83 and be detachably fastened thereto by means of separate fastening elements, for example by means of fastening screws and / or fastening bolts passing through the legs 81, 83.As further shown in FIG. 13, the top 80 may optionally include a separate bottom 82. The base 82 and the side legs 81, 83 can be designed as a one-piece U-shaped mounting part and, if appropriate, can be connected detachably or firmly to the insert 36 or to the ball head 38. Such a U-shaped mounting part can be distinguished by a particularly high degree of stability and torsional rigidity.The base 82 can preferably have at least one axial through-opening for a tool in a radially central region in order, for example, to tighten the fastening element 50, which comes to lie with its head 53 in the interior of the curvature 37.The console 100 shown in FIGS. 14 to 18 serves for fastening a beam 200 or a carrier to a ground anchor 10 described above. It has a first leg 104 and a second leg 106 arranged at a predetermined angle thereto. The first leg 104 and the second leg 106 have a substantially planar surface. The first leg 104 serves as a support for the beam 200, as is illustrated for example in FIG. 18. The second leg 106 acts as a bearing for the beam 200.In the region of the second limb 106, a plurality of through-openings 107 or holes or a hole pattern are formed. Via the through-openings 107, separate fastening elements, for example nails or screws, can be driven through the second leg 106 and into the beam 200. A permanent fixing of the beam 200 to the bracket 100 is possible via or by means of the through openings 107.The first leg 104 has an underside 103, which is remote from the second leg 106. Facing the second leg 106, the first leg 104 has an upper side 105. On the upper side 105, a first beam support 120 and a second beam support 122 are provided, or are formed integrally with the first limb 104.The first and the second beam supports 120, 122 can each be designed as a type of L-shaped support or as an L-shaped profile. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the first beam support 120 extends approximately parallel to the second beam support. Between the first beam support 120 and the second beam support 122, the first leg 104 has a through-opening 108. The entire intermediate space 119 between the first support leg 120 and the second support leg 122 can adjoin the through-opening 108.The through-opening 108 can thus occupy the entire intermediate space 119 between the first beam support 120 and the second beam support 122. In terms of production, the through-opening 108 can be introduced into the limb 104 by punching out. Edge regions of the punched through-opening 108 can be provided with a slot which enables the forming or forming of previously opposite edge regions of the through-opening 118 into the first and second beam supports 120, 122 shown in the present case. In this respect, the first and second beam supports 120, 122 can be integrated into the first leg or can be formed as an integral component of the first leg 104.The first leg 104 is adjacent to the second leg 106 to form an L-shaped angle. Those regions of the outer edge 117 of the first leg 104 which are not adjacent to the second leg 106 are referred to below as outer edge 117. The outer edge 117 has a first edge portion 117 a, an opposite second edge portion 117 c, and a third edge portion 117 b. The first edge section 117 aand the second edge section 117 crespectively adjoin the second leg 106. The third edge portion 117 bextends between the first edge portion 117 aand the second edge portion 117 c.This is located at an end of the first leg 104 facing away from the second leg 106. Lying on the inside and adjacent to the outer edge 117, the first limb 104 has an edge zone 115. The edge zone 115 is located outside the through-opening 108 and outside the beam supports 120, 122 adjoining the through-opening 108.In the region of the edge zone 115, a first fastening structure 110 and a second fastening structure 112 are provided on the first limb 104 or are let into the first limb 104. The fastening structures 110, 112 are in the present case through-openings 111, 113 which extend through the first limb 104. The through-opening 111 is designed as an elongated hole 114. The through-opening 113 is designed as an elongated hole 116. The two elongated holes 114, 116 extend substantially parallel to one another. They extend approximately parallel to the respectively adjoining edge section 117 a, 117 b.The fastening structures 110, 112 enable a typically screwing fastening of the bracket 100 to the ground anchor 10, typically to the upper part 30 of the ground anchor 10.Then, by means of a fastening element 140, which is designed, for example, as a screw bolt 141, the console 100 and the upper part 30 can be fastened reciprocally to the ground anchor 10. As shown in particular in the detailed view according to FIG. 18, the screw 141 passes with its shank 143 through the aligned arrangement of the first fastening structure 110 and the second fastening structure 112 with recesses 32 of the mounting plate 31 of the upper part 30 lying below it, respectively. The head 142 of the screw 141 is in this case typically located in the intermediate space between the upper side 105 of the first limb 104 and an underside of the beam 200 resting on the beam supports 120, 122.The head 142 is still accessible from the outside with the aid of a wrench. A tightening of the screw 141 with a screw nut 144 typically provided on the underside of the mounting plate 31 can thus also be carried out in the case of a beam 200 or carrier already fastened to the second limb 106. This enables a subsequent adjustment of the console on the ground anchor 10.The elongated holes 114, 116 typically extend approximately parallel to the surface normal of the second leg 106. A beam 200 fixed to the second leg 106 can be fastened in particular to a plurality of earth anchors 10 distributed or spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the beam 200 in each case by means of a bracket 100.If the individual ground anchors 10 are not arranged exactly aligned with one another in the longitudinal direction of the beam 200, a corresponding displacement and adjustment of the bracket 100 relative to the ground anchor 10 can be provided by the configuration and alignment of the elongated holes 114, 116 approximately obliquely or perpendicularly to the longitudinal extension of the beam 200. A corresponding adjustment or displacement of the console relative to the ground anchor 10 can be effected by the lateral accessibility to the fastening elements 140 in the case of a beam already fastened to the second limb 106.Furthermore, by providing two fastening structures 110, 112 at or near opposite outer edges, or edge sections 117 a, 117 cof the outer edge 117 of the first leg 104, a multiple and thus redundant and durable fastening of the console 100 to the ground anchor 10 can be provided.The encircling outer edge 117 of the first limb 104 can have an upwardly or downwardly projecting chamfer 118 which can also be configured, for example, as a bead. As a result, the stability and torsional rigidity of the first leg 104 can be increased once more.The first attachment structure 110 is located between the first beam rest 120 and the first edge portion 117 aof the outer edge 117. Accordingly, the second fastening structure 112 is also located between the second beam support 122 and the second edge section 117 cof the outer edge 117 of the first leg 104. The beam supports 120, 122 each have an L-shaped cross section. In this respect, the first beam support 120 has a first support leg 124 extending approximately parallel to the surface normal of the first leg 104 and, adjoining the latter, a second support leg 126.The second support leg 126 extends substantially perpendicular to the first support leg 124. The two support legs 124, 126 form a support angle 121. The second support leg 126 forms the upper free end of the first beam support 120 and functions as a support surface for the beam 200 or for a corresponding carrier. The second support leg 126 is provided at such a distance from the upper side 105 of the first leg 104 that an unhindered rotation of the head 142 of the fastening screw 141 is possible. That is, the extent of the first support leg 124 in the direction of the surface normal of the first leg 104 is greater than the axial extent of the head 142 of the screw 141.The second support leg 126 protrudes inward, i.e. away from the outer edge 117. It extends in this respect into the region of the through opening 108.On the inside, the second support leg 126 has a corrugated edge section 128, which not only gives the bracket 100 a particular aesthetic appearance but also forms a support for the beam that varies position in the longitudinal direction of the beam from a technical point of view. This may prove to be advantageous for draining water and for back ventilation of the beam 200.The second support beam 122 is formed symmetrically to the first support beam 120. This too has a planar first support leg 125 which adjoins a second support leg 127. The second support leg 127 extends substantially parallel to the plane of the first leg 104, while the first support leg 125 extends upward from the plane of the first leg 104. The first and the second support limb 125, 127 likewise form a support angle 123.The contact angles 121, 123 are typically adjacent to the inner side of the second leg 106. They can also be structurally connected to the second leg 106, for example welded thereto. This gives the console 100 a further improved stability and torsional rigidity.Facing the first beam support 120, the second support leg 127 of the second beam support also has an undulated or undulating edge section 129.List of reference characters1 Swivel adapter 8 outlet opening 9 through opening 10 ground anchor 11 tip 12 helix 13 base body / base part 14 head end 15 foot end 16 end wall 16 ainside 16 boutside 17 side wall 18 through opening 20 lower part 21 base body 22 bottom 22 ainside 23 through opening 24 ceiling 25 through opening 26 receptacle 26 ainside 27 side wall 28 ball socket 29 through opening 30 upper part 31 mounting plate 32 recess 35 elongated hole 36 insert 37 curvature 38 ball head 39 through opening 40 intermediate part 42 inner side 43 outer side 49 through opening 50 fastening element 51 fastening screw 52 head 53 shank 54 threaded section 60 counter fastening element 61 screw nut 70 upper part 71 side wall 74 receptacle 80 upper part 81 leg 82 bottom 83 leg 84 receptacle 100 bracket 102 mounting bracket 103 lower side 104 leg 105 top side 106 leg 107 through-opening 108 through-opening 110 fastening structure 111 through-opening 112 fastening structure 113 through-opening 114 elongated hole 115 edge zone 116 elongated hole 117 outer edge 117 a, b, c edge section 118 chamfer 119 intermediate space 120 beam support 121 support angle 122 beam support 123 support angle 124 leg 125 leg 126 leg 127 leg 128 edge section 129 edge section 140 fastening element 141 screw 142 head 143 shank 144 nut

Claims

Swivel adapter (1) for fastening to the head end (14) of an earth anchor (10), wherein the swivel adapter (1) comprises: - a lower part (20) with a flat base (22) for releasable arrangement at the head end (14), wherein the lower part (20) has a curved receptacle (26) facing away from the base (22), and wherein the lower part (20) has a cylindrical side wall (27) surrounding an edge of the flat base (22), wherein the base merges via the side wall (27) into a ceiling (24), and wherein the ceiling (24) has the receptacle (26) curved inwards, towards the base (22), - an upper part (30) with a mounting plate (31) and with an insert (36), which can be introduced into the receptacle (26) and can be adjustably fixed in the receptacle (26), wherein the base (22) has a flat contact surface (19) on an outer side (22b) facing away from the receptacle (26), by means of which contact surface the lower part (20) can be brought into contact with an end face or end wall (16) of the head end (14) of the ground anchor (10).Pivot adapter (1) according to claim 1, which further comprises a fastening element (50), by means of which the upper part (30) can be fixed relative to the lower part (20) and by means of which the lower part (20) can be fastened and / or fixed to the head end (14) of the ground anchor (10).The swivel adapter (1) of claim 2, wherein the fastener (50) includes an elongated shaft (53) longitudinally extending through both the top (30) and bottom (20).Swivel adapter (1) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the fastening element (50) can be brought into engagement with a counter fastening element (60) provided at the head end (14) of the ground anchor (10).Swivel adapter (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the receptacle (26) has a concavely curved ball socket (28) and wherein the insert (36) has a ball head (38) which is curved complementarily thereto.Swivel adapter (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base (22) has a first through-opening (29) which is formed or arranged in alignment with a second through-opening (25) of the receptacle (26).Swivel adapter (1) according to claim 6, wherein the insert (36) has a third through opening (39), which can be arranged in alignment with the first and / or second through opening (29, 25).Swivel adapter (1) according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising an intermediate piece (40), which has a fourth through-opening (49), an inner side (42) and an opposite outer side (43), wherein the fourth through-opening (49) extends from the inner side (42) to the outer side (43).Swivel adapter (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an inner side (26a) of the receptacle (26) facing the base (22) is supported at least in regions directly on an inner side (22a) of the base (22) facing the receptacle (26).Ground anchor (10) for introducing into the ground or into the ground, having an elongated base body (13) which has a foot end (15) which can be introduced into the ground and a head end (14) which is opposite the foot end (15), wherein a pivot adapter (1) according to one of the preceding claims is arranged on an end face or end wall (16) of the head end (14).Earth anchor (10) according to claim 10, wherein the front wall (16) has a fifth through-opening (18) at the head end (14) for receiving the fastening element (50).Ground anchor (10) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein a counter-fastening element (60) corresponding to the fastening element (50) is arranged and / or fixed on an inner inner side (16a) of the end wall (16).Ground anchor (10) according to one of the preceding claims 10 to 12, wherein the end wall (16) has a flat, external bearing surface (16b) for the base (22) of the swivel adapter (1).Ground anchor according to one of the preceding claims 10 to 13, wherein a helical helix (12) is formed on an outer side of the foot end (15) for screwing the ground anchor (10) into the ground or into the ground.Use of a pivot adapter (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9 and of a ground anchor (10) according to one of the preceding claims 10 to 14 for fixing and fastening the pivot adapter (1) to the ground anchor (10), wherein the pivot adapter (1) is arranged with its lower part (20) at the head end (14) of the ground anchor (10) and the upper part (30) is fixed to the lower part (20) by means of a single fastening element (50) and at the same time the lower part (20) is fastened to the ground anchor (10).

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