HEAT EXCHANGE ARRANGEMENT

Abstract

Heat exchange arrangement (200) with a channel (400) with a height in the direction of a vertical axis (z) in the direction of action of gravity (g), in which at least several first storage elements (430, 440) are arranged, wherein the channel (400) has an upper particle inlet (206) and a lower particle outlet (208) seen in the direction of gravity, which are provided for introducing and discharging particles (220) into and from the channel (400), respectively, wherein the channel (400) has a gas inlet (202) and a gas outlet (204) for a gas flow (210), wherein in the free cross-section of the channel (400) first deposition elements (430, 440) are arranged transversely to the vertical axis (z) and have deposition surfaces (432, 442) which, in the intended use, are provided for at least temporarily depositing and / or reflecting at least some of the particles (220), wherein a portion of the particles (220) in the operating state temporarily remains on the depositing surfaces (432, 442) of the first depositing elements (430, 440), whereby an average speed of the particles (220) in the direction of the vertical axis (z) is reduced and thereby a residence time of the particles (220) in the channel (400) is increased and the depositing surfaces (432, 442) stabilize the stationary particles.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a heat exchange arrangement, a corresponding method for operating a heat exchange arrangement and a use of such a heat exchange arrangement. State of the art

[0002] The principle of a trickle-flow reactor originates from chemical process engineering for applications in the field of sulfur production, flue gas purification, methanol / ammonia synthesis or CO2 capture during steam reforming.

[0003] Conventional trickle-flow reactors comprise a vertical channel containing fixed structures and internals. Gravity-driven, sand particles or similar granular material trickle over the structures and internals to reduce the average velocity of the particles relative to the fixed internals and thus increase the residence time in the reactor. This increases the interaction time with a flowing gas, which can then be brought into direct contact with the particles.

[0004] For this purpose, internals are known that are designed as regularly arranged rod elements, which distribute the particles in the channel as they flow through them. The rod elements have a round cross-section or a diamond-shaped cross-section, with at least one corner facing the falling particles. Ramp-like internals are also known that guide the particles, causing them to slide down them.

[0005] US Pat. No. 3,801,469 A discloses a process for chemically reacting a first and a second particulate solid with the same fluid. In one process step, the first solid particles are released. These fall downwards as a cascade stream between a plurality of successively and oppositely arranged impact plates. The impact plates are dimensioned, spaced, positioned, and present in sufficient number to achieve at least a predetermined particle residence time during passage between the impact plates. In a further process step, the second solid particles are released and fall downwards in a separate channel as a cascade stream between a further plurality of successively and oppositely arranged further impact plates.The additional baffles are also dimensioned, spaced, positioned, and present in sufficient number to achieve at least a predetermined residence time for the second particles during their passage between the additional baffles. The fluid is directed upwards in a counterflow through the baffles in both cascade streams. The upward fluid flow is mixed with the downward particle flow as it passes from one baffle to the other. During its generally upward counterflow, the fluid is directed back and forth between the two cascade streams, thereby reacting the fluid sequentially with the two particle cascade streams. During this process, the two particle streams are not mixed.The first particulate solid contains a significant amount of carbon, the second particulate solid contains a significant amount of calcium oxide, and the fluid is a gas containing significant amounts of hydrogen. The impact plates are designed as inclined planes.

[0006] US Pat. No. 3,315,372 A discloses a heat exchanger arrangement with rebound elements with reflective surfaces. The reflective surfaces influence the distribution of particles in the interior. The reflective surfaces are either flat, with the plane perpendicular to the direction of fall of the particles, or gable-shaped and asymmetrical to the direction of fall. The particles are reflected by the narrow reflective surfaces and thus distributed throughout the interior. Disclosure of the invention

[0007] An object of the invention is to provide a heat exchange arrangement which increases a particle residence time in a channel and improves the distribution of the particles in the channel.

[0008] A further object of the invention is to provide a method for operating a heat exchange arrangement which produces an improved heat exchange between solid particles and a gas stream.

[0009] A further object of the invention is to provide a use of such a heat exchange arrangement in which an improved heat exchange takes place between solid particles and a gas stream.

[0010] The objects are achieved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments and advantages of the invention emerge from the further claims, the description, and the drawings.

[0011] The features listed individually in the patent claims can be combined with one another in a technologically meaningful manner and can be supplemented by explanatory facts from the description and by details from the figures, whereby further embodiments of the invention are shown.

[0012] According to one aspect of the invention, the invention is based on a heat exchanger arrangement comprising a channel with a height in the direction of a vertical axis in the direction of gravity, in which at least a plurality of first storage elements are arranged. The channel has an upper particle inlet and a lower particle outlet, as seen in the direction of gravity, which are provided for introducing and removing solid particles into and from the channel. The channel has a gas inlet and a gas outlet for a gas flow.

[0013] It is proposed that first deposition elements be arranged in the free cross-section of the channel transversely to the vertical axis and have deposition surfaces which, during intended use, are provided for at least temporarily depositing and / or reflecting at least some of the particles. In this case, some of the particles temporarily remain on the deposition surfaces of the first deposition elements during operation, reducing the average velocity of the particles in the direction of the vertical axis and thereby increasing the residence time of the particles in the channel, and the deposition surfaces (432, 442) stabilize the stationary particles.

[0014] Advantageously, the deposition surfaces of the first deposition elements, on which a portion of the particles temporarily reside during operation, reduce the average velocity of the particles in the direction of the vertical axis, thereby increasing the residence time of the particles in the channel. This can increase the interaction time with the gas flow in the channel during operation, and improve heat exchange between the particles and the gas flow.

[0015] In addition, the distribution of the particles in the channel is advantageously improved by the deposition surfaces of the first deposition elements, on which a portion of the particles are reflected during operation. Due to the improved, particularly more uniform, distribution, particle segregation can be at least made more difficult or completely prevented. The improved distribution of the particles can increase the probability of interaction with the gas stream, thereby improving heat exchange between the particles and the gas stream. Furthermore, the reflection of the particles by the first deposition elements and the deposition surfaces can also increase the residence time of the particles in the channel.

[0016] In the following, particles are understood to be solid, free-flowing elements that fall downwards under the force of gravity. The particles can, for example, have a cross-section of approximately 1 mm. Furthermore, the particles can be exposed to high temperatures, for example, above 900 °C, particularly between 900 °C and 1100 °C, without sintering.

[0017] The flow direction of the gas stream can be directed against the direction of fall of the particles. This can improve the probability of interaction between the gas stream and the particles. For this purpose, the gas inlet is located at the bottom of the channel and the gas outlet at the top.

[0018] The channel comprises a closed wall enclosing an interior space in which the first storage elements are arranged. The channel has a height along a vertical axis in the direction of gravity. The cross-section can be round, oval, or square.

[0019] The first storage elements essentially span a cross-section of the channel. The length of the first storage elements depends on their arrangement within the channel and the channel's cross-section. Other variables of the first storage elements are their width and thickness.

[0020] The storage surfaces are arranged on the first storage elements. The storage surfaces stabilize the stationary particles. This allows the kinetic energy of the impacting particles to be better absorbed, which leads to a greater reduction in the average particle velocity in the direction of the vertical axis and thus to greater dynamic particle retention. The storage surfaces can be flush with the edges of the corresponding first storage element. The width of the storage elements, in particular the width of the storage surface, can be selected so that there is space for several particles on the storage surface. In addition, the width is selected so that shading below the first storage elements, i.e. an area below the first storage elements in which few or no particles are located, is small.

[0021] Measurements show that, under operating conditions, particle retention in a channel with storage elements that have storage surfaces is significantly improved compared to storage elements with round surfaces or surfaces that run diagonally to the direction of fall but do not have storage surfaces, even with the same arrangement. This advantageously halves the average particle fall velocity in the channel. Furthermore, the distribution of particle velocities in the channel with storage elements that have storage surfaces is more uniform than with storage elements with round surfaces or surfaces that run diagonally against the direction of fall.

[0022] According to a favorable embodiment, the first storage elements can be arranged in at least one plane, wherein the at least one plane comprises a plurality of first storage elements arranged parallel to one another, in particular wherein the first storage elements are arranged in the at least one plane at a regular distance from one another.

[0023] The spacing between the first storage elements creates passage gaps. These passage gaps are evenly spaced and of equal width. A level of first storage elements separates a free area located below the first storage elements from a free area located above the first storage elements.

[0024] The particles and the gas stream can be distributed in the free areas and, depending on the selected spacing, in the passage gaps. The particles can fall from the upper free area through the passage gaps between the first storage elements into the lower free area. The gas stream flows from the lower free area through the passage gaps between the first storage elements into the upper free area. A further lower level can be arranged below the upper level, so that the free area below the upper level is also the free area above the lower level.

[0025] The parallel arrangement enables a simple structure that at least partially covers the cross-section of the channel and can reliably slow down the particles. Impacts and different scattering angles on the first deposition elements, including the corresponding deposition surfaces, can create a particle cloud in the channel. The dimensions of the spacing and thus the width of the passage gaps can specify how many particles pass from the upper free area through the plane into the lower free area and how many particles are reflected back into the upper free area or deposited on the deposition surfaces. The dimensions of the spacing and thus the width of the passage gaps can be selected depending on the number of particles and / or the particle cross-section and / or the temperature and / or the particles and / or the dimensions of the channel and / or the dimensions of the free areas between the planes.

[0026] According to a favorable embodiment, the first deposition elements can be arranged in at least two successive planes along the vertical axis, in particular wherein the first deposition elements are arranged offset from one another in successive planes. Regular spacing allows for a regular arrangement of passage gaps. Furthermore, the first deposition elements of the lower plane can at least partially span the passage gaps of the upper plane, thereby increasing the probability that the particles will fall through the passage gaps of the upper plane onto first deposition elements or onto deposition surfaces of the lower plane and be reflected or deposited there.

[0027] This can increase the probability that particles are slowed down as frequently as possible by the first deposition elements as they pass through the channel. Furthermore, this arrangement can facilitate the generation of the particle cloud through collisions and different scattering angles at the first deposition elements, including at their deposition surfaces. A scheme consisting of two levels with offset first deposition elements is conceivable, which can be repeated across the entire length of the channel. Alternatively, the scheme can also comprise more than two levels.

[0028] According to a favorable embodiment, a plurality of second storage elements arranged parallel to one another can be arranged in the channel in at least one plane. In particular, the second storage elements can be arranged at a regular distance from one another in the at least one plane. The second storage elements can be rotated relative to the first storage elements by an angle about the vertical axis, in particular by an angle of 90°.

[0029] The parallel arrangement enables a simple structure that at least partially covers the cross-section of the channel and reliably slows down the particles. The particle cloud in the channel can be generated by impacts and different scattering angles on the second storage elements and on the first storage elements, including on the corresponding storage surfaces. The second storage elements, which are rotated around the vertical axis relative to the first storage elements, can improve the homogenization of the particle cloud. In the levels with second storage elements, other parameters, such as the width, the depth of the second storage elements or the distances between the storage elements, can also differ from the parameters of the levels with first storage elements.

[0030] The gaps between the second storage elements create passage gaps. As with levels with first storage elements, levels with second storage elements also separate free upper areas from free lower areas.

[0031] The dimensions of the spacings and thus the width of the passage gaps can determine how many particles pass from the upper free area through the plane into the lower free area and how many particles are reflected back into the upper free area or deposited on the deposit surfaces. The dimensions of the spacings and thus the width of the passage gaps of the at least one plane with second deposit elements can also be selected depending on the number of particles and / or the particle cross-section and / or the temperature of the particles and / or the dimensions of the channel and / or the dimensions of the adjacent free areas, as well as depending on the parameters of the planes with first deposit elements.

[0032] According to a favorable embodiment, the second deposition elements can be arranged in at least two successive planes along the vertical axis, in particular wherein the second deposition elements are arranged offset from one another in successive planes. Regular spacing enables a regular arrangement of passage gaps. In addition, the second deposition elements of the lower plane can at least partially span the passage gaps of the upper plane, thereby increasing the probability that the particles fall through the passage gaps of the upper plane onto second deposition elements or onto deposition surfaces of the lower plane and are reflected or deposited there. This can increase the probability that particles are slowed down as frequently as possible by the second deposition elements when passing through the channel.Furthermore, this arrangement can facilitate the generation of the particle cloud through collisions and different scattering angles at the first storage elements and the second storage elements, including at their storage surfaces. A scheme consisting of four levels, with two levels of offset first storage elements and two levels of offset second storage elements, is conceivable. This scheme can be repeated across the entire length of the channel. Alternatively, the scheme can also comprise only two, three, or more than four levels.

[0033] According to a favorable embodiment, the first and second storage elements can be arranged alternatingly one after the other along the vertical axis. The levels can be arranged in schemes such that, for example, two levels with first storage elements are followed by two levels with second storage elements. Alternatively or optionally, a level with first storage elements can be followed by a level with second storage elements. Furthermore, in the case of multiple levels with first storage elements and / or second storage elements, the first storage elements of the lower level can be arranged offset from the first storage elements of the upper level. Furthermore, the second storage elements of the lower level can be arranged offset from the second storage elements of the upper level. Alternating arrangements can lead to improved homogenization of the particle cloud.

[0034] According to a favorable embodiment, the deposition elements can extend substantially across the cross-section of the channel. The deposition elements can abut a wall of the channel with at least one end face or be attached to the wall. Since the particles move through the cross-section of the channel, this arrangement of the deposition elements increases the probability that the particles will settle on the corresponding deposition surfaces or that the particles will be reflected by the deposition elements.

[0035] According to a favorable embodiment, the deposition surfaces of the deposition elements can be designed as a planar surface, at least in some regions, wherein the surface is oriented transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the vertical axis of the channel. As a result, the surface is also oriented perpendicular to the direction of fall of the particles. The surface can be arranged continuously on an upper side of the deposition element. As a result, the deposition surfaces can be formed from the length and width of the corresponding deposition elements. The width depends on the particle cross-section and is at least as large as the particle cross-section. In particular, the width can be selected such that four to ten particles can be deposited along the width of the deposition surface. A continuous surface enables simple and inexpensive implementation of the deposition surfaces and the deposition elements.

[0036] For example, the storage elements can be simple rods with a square profile. With the appropriate width, these provide a planar surface on the top for the falling particles to settle and bounce off. In addition to the square profile, other profiles are also conceivable, as long as a storage surface is provided for the particles. Alternatively, the storage surfaces can be arranged in a non-contiguous manner along the corresponding storage element.

[0037] According to a favorable embodiment, the deposition surfaces of the deposition elements can be concave, in particular funnel-shaped or trough-like, at least in some regions with respect to the direction in which the particles fall, when used as intended. The concave deposition surfaces can further increase the residence time of the particles in the channel. A combination of planar surfaces and concave deposition surfaces is also conceivable. The depressions and troughs could be incorporated into a continuous surface of the deposition element oriented perpendicular to the vertical axis. The number, dimensions, and shape of the concave deposition surfaces can depend on the dimensions of the corresponding deposition element and / or the number of particles and / or the cross-section of the particles and / or the temperature of the particles and / or the dimensions of the channel.

[0038] According to a favorable embodiment, successive levels with first storage elements can have at least a distance from one another that corresponds to a distance between first storage elements within a level.

[0039] According to a favorable embodiment, successive levels of first storage elements and second storage elements can be spaced apart from one another at least by a distance that corresponds to a distance between first or second storage elements within a level. Furthermore, the distance between first storage elements within the corresponding level can correspond to a distance between second storage elements within the corresponding level.

[0040] According to a favorable embodiment, the number of storage elements and / or the number of levels can be dependent on a length and / or a width of the storage elements and / or on the spacing between the storage elements and / or on the spacing between the levels and / or on the size of the particles and / or on the number of particles and / or on the particle temperature and / or on the dimensions of the channel and / or on the volume of the channel. By taking the parameters into account, the number of levels and the number of storage elements can be optimized such that the residence time of the particles and the distribution of the particles in the channel are adjusted such that the heat exchange with the gas flow is optimized.

[0041] According to a favorable embodiment, the solid particles can be designed as approximately round ceramic particles or as approximately round bauxite particles. Bauxite and ceramic can advantageously be exposed to high temperatures without sintering. This prevents the particles from caking together, which makes clogging or blocking of the channel during operation at high temperatures more difficult or even completely avoidable. This means that the heat exchange arrangement can also be used for heat exchange at high temperatures, for example temperatures above 900 °C, in particular between 900 °C and 1100 °C. Furthermore, by avoiding blocking or blocking of the channel, the operating life of the heat exchange arrangement can be extended. The round shape of the particles allows the particles to be easily reflected.

[0042] According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for operating a heat exchange arrangement is described. Particles enter a channel of the heat exchange arrangement through an upper particle inlet. The particles move through the channel in the direction of gravity toward a lower particle outlet. As they fall through the channel, the particles are at least partially reflected by deposit surfaces of at least first deposit elements arranged transversely to the channel, or at least partially temporarily deposited on the deposit surfaces. Between the first deposit elements, the particles form a particle cloud distributed throughout the channel, which exchanges heat with a gas stream admitted into the channel.

[0043] During operation, a portion of the particles temporarily remains on the depositing surfaces of the first depositing elements, whereby an average velocity of the particles in the direction of the vertical axis is reduced and thereby a residence time of the particles in the channel is increased and the depositing surfaces (432, 442) stabilize the stationary particles.

[0044] The flow direction of the gas stream can be opposite to the falling direction of the particles.

[0045] The gas stream flows through the particle cloud, bringing the gas stream into contact with the solid particles of the particle cloud as it flows through it. Heat transfer occurs through the contact between the solid particles and the gas stream. Because the particles are reflected by the deposition elements, they can be distributed throughout the channel, increasing interaction with the gas stream in the channel and improving heat exchange between the particles and the gas stream.

[0046] According to a favorable embodiment, a falling speed and / or a distribution of the particles can be adjusted depending on at least one of the following variables: (i) flow velocity of the gas stream (210); (ii) particle temperature; (iii) particle size; (iv) particle weight; (v) distances (b) between the levels (410, 413, 414, 415, 416); (vi) distances (a) between the storage elements (430, 440, 450 460); (vii) dimensions and / or shape of the storage elements (430, 440, 450, 460); (viii) dimensions and / or shape of the storage surfaces (432, 442, 452, 462); (ix) Dimensions of the duct.

[0047] The falling speed and distribution of the particles can be optimized by varying the parameters.

[0048] In particular, an arrangement of the deposition elements and / or deposition surfaces can be selected such that the particles are decelerated to at least two-thirds, in particular half, of their falling speed compared to round, triangular, or diamond-shaped deposition elements of comparable dimensions. In the triangular or diamond-shaped deposition elements, with which the effect is compared, their tips are directed against the direction of gravity.

[0049] This allows the residence time of the particles in the channel to be significantly increased in an advantageous manner, which also increases the interaction time with the gas flow in the channel and improves heat exchange between the particles and the gas flow.

[0050] If the final velocity of particles with a diameter of, for example, 1 mm is taken as a reference value, which is typically in the range of approximately 10 m / s, the falling velocity would be reduced by a factor of 50 if it is assumed that for flat structures the falling velocity in the channel with deposition elements is approximately 0.2 m / s. Typical particle sizes here are in the range of 1 mm ± 0.7 mm. Different values ​​may result for other particle sizes. The smaller the particles become, the greater the influence of air friction can become, making the presence of the deposition elements less dominant.

[0051] According to a favorable design, the heat can be transferred from the solid particles to the gas stream. Since the particles can be exposed to high temperatures, they can be used for intermediate storage and heat transport. Temperatures between 900 °C and 1100 °C can be used for this purpose. The gas can be, for example, ambient air, which enters the duct via a gas inlet and exits the duct via a gas outlet. The gas can be driven by a fan or the like and / or by the supplied heat.

[0052] According to a further aspect of the invention, the use of a heat exchanger arrangement for extracting heat from a heat source, in particular from a solar thermal system, is described. Solar collectors can heat the particles in a solar tower. The heated particles can be temporarily stored as needed and / or transported directly to the heat exchanger arrangement by a conveyor system, wherein the particles in the channel of the heat exchanger arrangement are brought into contact with a gas stream to which the heat of the particles is at least partially transferred. The heated gas stream is discharged from the channel. The heated gas can then be stored or used for further processing in another arrangement. The high particle temperatures can be reliably transferred to a working medium, such as air. drawing

[0053] Further advantages will become apparent from the following description of the drawings. The figures illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention. The figures, the description, and the claims contain numerous features in combination. Those skilled in the art will also expediently consider the features individually and combine them into useful further combinations.

[0054] Examples include: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a solar thermal system with a heat exchange arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 a schematic representation of the heat exchange arrangement from Fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 3 shows a cross section through a heat exchange arrangement according to a first embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4 a longitudinal section through a heat exchange arrangement according to Fig. 3 with an example of a particle cloud; Fig. 5 shows a cross section through a heat exchange arrangement according to a second embodiment of the invention; Fig. 6 a longitudinal section through a heat exchange arrangement according to Fig. 5 with an example of a particle cloud; and Fig. 7 a longitudinal section through a heat exchange arrangement according to a third embodiment of the invention with an exemplary particle cloud drawn in. Embodiments of the invention

[0055] In the figures, components of the same type or function similarly are designated by the same reference numerals. The figures are merely examples and are not to be construed as limiting.

[0056] Before describing the invention in detail, it should be noted that it is not limited to the specific components of the device and the specific method steps, as these components and methods may vary. The terms used herein are intended only to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. Furthermore, when the singular or indefinite articles are used in the description or claims, this also refers to the plural of these elements, unless the overall context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0057] The directional terminology used below, including terms such as "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "before," "behind," "after," and the like, is intended solely to enhance understanding of the figures and is in no way intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components and elements depicted, as well as their design and use, may vary according to the considerations of a person skilled in the art and may be adapted to specific applications.

[0058] The Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a solar thermal system 100 with a heat exchanger arrangement 200 according to an embodiment of the invention. The solar thermal system 100 conducts heat from the sun 110 via a solar field 120 into a solar tower 130. Particles 220 are arranged in the solar tower 130, which are heated considerably by the heat introduced into the solar tower 130. The particles 220 can reach temperatures of over 900°C. The heated particles 220 are conveyed via a suitable conveying system 140 to a hot storage tank 150. From there, the particles 220 pass through the conveying system 140 to the heat exchanger arrangement 200, in which the heat of the particles 220 is transferred to a working medium. The working medium can be a gas, in particular air, or another suitable fluid. The cooled particles 220 pass through the conveyor system 140 into a cold storage 160 and from there back into the solar tower 130.

[0059] In an alternative embodiment not shown, components of the solar thermal system 100, for example, the hot storage tank 150 and / or the cold storage tank 160 and / or the heat exchanger assembly 200, can of course be arranged in the solar tower 130. Furthermore, another arrangement of multiple components in a common housing or building is conceivable. For example, the hot storage tank 150 and the heat exchanger assembly can be arranged together.

[0060] Of course, in addition to solar thermal systems 100, there are also other systems in which generated or diverted heat from a heat source can be transferred to particles 220 or another storage medium. In this case, the heat can also be transferred from the particles 220 or the storage medium to a working medium. The heat exchange arrangement 200 can also be used in such systems. Furthermore, the heat exchange arrangement 200 can also be used when the particles 220 or the storage medium are heated below 900°C.

[0061] Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the heat exchange arrangement 200. The heat exchange arrangement 200 comprises a channel 400 with a height in the direction of a vertical axis z in the direction of action of gravity g. The channel 400 comprises an upper particle inlet 206 and a lower particle outlet 208, as seen in the direction of gravity, which are provided for introducing and removing solid particles 220 into and from the channel 400. In addition, the channel 400 comprises a lower gas inlet 202 and an upper gas outlet 204 for a gas stream 210. In the illustrated embodiment of the heat exchange arrangement 200, the particles 220 are heated and transfer heat to the gas stream 210 in the channel 400 of the heat exchange arrangement 200. In an alternative embodiment, the gas stream 210 could also be heated and transfer heat to the particles 220.Due to the arrangement of the particle inlet 206 and the particle outlet 208, the particles 220, 222 enter the top of the channel 400 in the operating state of the heat exchange arrangement 200, fall downwards driven by gravity g, and are discharged from the channel 400 through the particle outlet 208. The particles 224 exiting the channel 400 can be recharged with heat and fed back into the channel 400 via the particle inlet 206. Due to the arrangement of the gas inlet 202 and the gas outlet 204, the gas stream 210, 212 enters the channel 400 at the bottom of the channel 400 through the gas inlet 202 in the operating state of the heat exchange arrangement 200, flows upwards in the channel 400 against the direction of particle fall, and exits the channel 400 through the gas outlet 204. The flow direction of the gas stream 210 in the channel 400 can be generated by heating the gas stream 210 or by a suitable fan.The heated gas stream 214 exiting the channel 400 can be directed to further devices. In the channel 400, the particles 220 impinge on the gas stream 210 and transfer heat to the gas stream 210, for example, through convection and / or collisions. In an alternative embodiment not shown, the gas inlet 202 and the gas outlet 204 can be interchanged.

[0062] The channel 400 can have a round, oval or square cross-section. Fig. The channel 400 shown in Figures 3 to 7 has a square cross-section.

[0063] Trickle-flow reactors constructed in this way are known. In order to use such an arrangement as a heat exchanger arrangement 200, the residence time of the particles 220 in the channel 400 must be increased compared to known residence times in trickle-flow reactors. Furthermore, the particles should be distributed as evenly as possible in the channel 400. By increasing the residence time and distributing the particles 200 as evenly as possible in the channel 400, the interaction time between the gas stream 210 and the particles 220 can be extended. By distributing the particles 220 in the channel 400, the interaction between the gas stream 210 and the particles 220 can be improved. To achieve these goals, the channel 400 has internals 470 in its interior that differ from those installed in conventional trickle-flow reactors.

[0064] In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 shows a first embodiment of the heat exchanger arrangement 200. Fig. 3 a cross section through the heat exchange arrangement 200 and Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section through the heat exchange arrangement 200.

[0065] As can be seen from the Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a plurality of first deposition elements 430, 440 are arranged in the interior space 470 of the channel 400 of the heat exchanger arrangement 200. The first deposition elements 430, 440 are arranged transversely to the vertical axis z and have deposition surfaces 432, 442. In their intended use, the deposition surfaces 432, 442 are provided for at least temporarily depositing and / or reflecting at least some of the particles 220. In this case, reflected particles 220 are distributed in the region above the deposition elements 430, 440. By reflecting and depositing the particles 220, the average speed of the particles 220 in the direction of gravity g is reduced. This increases the residence time of the particles 220 in the channel 400. In the illustrated embodiment, the first deposition elements 430, 440 are arranged in four planes 410, 413, 414.In an alternative, not shown, embodiment, an arrangement of the deposition elements 430, 440 in fewer than four levels 410 or in more than four levels 410 is also conceivable. The number of levels 410 can depend, among other things, on the height of the channel 400 and / or the dimensions of the free space between the levels 410. Other suitable parameters can also be taken into account when determining the number of levels 410. The levels 410, 413, 414 comprise a plurality of first deposition elements 430, 440 arranged parallel to one another. In the illustrated embodiment, the first deposition elements 430, 440 are arranged within a level 410, 413, 414 at a regular distance a from one another. The distance a between the deposition elements 430, 440 forms passage gaps through which the particles 220 can traverse the corresponding level 410.In the illustrated embodiment, the distances a between the storage elements 430, 440 are greater than the width w of the storage elements 430, 440. A particle cloud 300 forms in the channel 400, with the particles 220 being distributed in the regions above the planes 410, in the regions below the planes 410, and in the passage gaps. The gas flow 210 can also be distributed in these regions.

[0066] In an alternative, not shown embodiment, the distances a between the storage elements 430, 440 can vary. For example, distances a can vary within a plane 410. Or, in an upper plane 413, the storage elements 430, 440 have a first distance a from one another, and in a lower plane 414, the storage elements 430, 440 have a second distance a from one another, which is different from the first distance a. The distances a can influence the distribution of the particles 220.

[0067] As can be seen from the Fig. 3 and Fig. As can be further seen in Figure 4, the first storage elements 430, 440 are arranged in at least two successive planes 410, 413, 414 along the vertical axis z. The first storage elements 430, 440 are arranged offset from one another in successive planes 413, 414.

[0068] As from Fig. 4, the arrangement of the storage elements 430, 440 and the levels 410, 413, 414 follows a repeating pattern. An upper level 413 has four first storage elements 430 and five passage gaps. Two passage gaps are formed between a wall 480 of the channel 400 and a first storage element 430, and three passage gaps are formed between the first storage elements 430. A lower level 414 following the upper level 413 has three first storage elements 440 and four passage gaps. Two passage gaps are formed between a wall 480 of the channel 400 and a first storage element 440, and two passage gaps are formed between the first storage elements 440. The passage gaps between the wall 480 and the first storage element 440 are wider in the lower level 414 than in the upper level 413.

[0069] In an alternative embodiment not shown, a further storage element 440, for example a storage element 440 with a smaller cross-section, can be arranged in the passage gaps between wall 480 and first storage element 440 of the lower level 414 in order to divide the large passage gap into two smaller passage gaps.

[0070] The first storage elements 440 of the lower level are arranged centrally opposite the passage gap arranged above them. This increases the probability that particles falling through the passage gap will be reflected or deposited on the storage element 440 below. This scheme is repeated in the illustrated embodiment. The distance b between the levels 410 is the same for all levels 410 in the illustrated embodiment. In an alternative embodiment not shown, the distance b between the upper level 413 and the lower level 414 can be different from the distance between the lower level 414 and the upper level 413 in the following scheme. Furthermore, the distance b between successive levels 410, 413, 414 with first storage elements 430, 440 in the illustrated embodiment corresponds to the distance a between first storage elements 430, 440 within a level 410, 413, 414.

[0071] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the scheme can be repeated more frequently. Furthermore, a scheme with only one level 410, 413 or with more than two levels 410, 413, 414 is also conceivable.

[0072] In Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 shows a second embodiment of the heat exchanger arrangement 200. Fig. 5 a cross section through the heat exchange arrangement 200 and Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section through the heat exchange arrangement 200. In Fig. 7 shows a third embodiment of the heat exchange arrangement 200. Fig. 7 shows a longitudinal section through the heat exchange arrangement 200.

[0073] As can be seen from the Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, a plurality of first storage elements 430, 440 arranged parallel to one another are arranged in the interior space 470 of the channel 400 of the heat exchanger arrangement 200. The first storage elements 430, 440 are arranged transversely to the vertical axis z and have storage surfaces 432, 442. In the illustrated embodiments, the first storage elements 430, 440 are arranged in the at least one plane 410, 413, 414 at a regular distance a from one another. In addition, a plurality of second storage elements 450, 460 arranged parallel to one another are arranged in the interior space 470 in at least one plane 410, 415, 416. In the illustrated embodiments, the second storage elements 450, 460 are arranged in the at least one plane 410, 415, 416 at a regular distance a from one another. This distance a corresponds to the distance a between the first storage elements 430, 440 within a plane 410, 413, 414.The second storage elements 450, 460 are rotated relative to the first storage elements 430, 440 by an angle about the vertical axis z. In the illustrated second and third embodiments, the second storage elements 450, 460 are arranged in the channel 400 at an angle of 90° relative to the first storage elements 430, 440. However, other angles are also conceivable.

[0074] In an alternative embodiment not shown, further storage elements can also be arranged parallel in a plane 410. These storage elements can be rotated by an angle about the vertical axis z relative to the first storage elements 430, 440 and the second storage elements 450, 460. In addition, the second storage elements 450, 460 and the further storage elements can also differ from the first storage elements 430, 440 in a dimension of length and / or width w and / or depth.

[0075] As can be seen from the Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the first deposition elements 430, 440 have deposition surfaces 432, 442. The second deposition elements 450, 460 also have deposition surfaces 452, 462. The deposition surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462 of the first deposition elements 430, 440 and the second deposition elements 450, 460 are provided, in their intended use, for at least temporarily depositing and / or reflecting at least some of the particles 220. In this case, reflected particles 220 are distributed in the region above the deposition elements 430, 440, 450, 460. By reflecting and depositing the particles 220, the average speed of the particles 220 in the direction of gravity g is reduced. This increases the residence time of the particles 220 in the channel 400. In the illustrated embodiments, the first storage elements 430, 440 and the second storage elements 450, 460 are arranged in five levels 410, 413, 414, 415, 416.In an alternative, not shown, embodiment, an arrangement of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 in fewer than five levels 410 or in more than five levels 410 is also conceivable. The number of levels 410 can depend, among other things, on the height of the channel 400 and / or the dimensions of the free space between the levels 410. Other suitable parameters can also be taken into account when determining the number of levels 410. The distances a between the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 form passage gaps through which the particles 220 can traverse the corresponding level 410. In the illustrated embodiment, the distances a between the first storage elements 430, 440 and the second storage elements 450, 460 are greater than the width w of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460.A particle cloud 300 forms in the channel 400, with the particles 220 being distributed in the areas above the planes 410, in the areas below the planes 410, and in the passage gaps. The gas stream 210 can also be distributed in these areas.

[0076] An upper level 413, 415 is understood below to mean a level 410 with first storage elements 430 or with second storage elements 450, which is arranged within the scheme above a level 414, 416 with similarly aligned storage elements 440, 460. Thus, in the illustrated embodiments, the scheme comprises two upper levels 413, 415, with an upper level 413 comprising first storage elements 430 and a further upper level 415 comprising second storage elements 450. Furthermore, the scheme comprises two lower levels 414, 416, with a lower level 414 comprising first storage elements 440 and a further lower level 416 comprising second storage elements 460.

[0077] In an alternative, not shown embodiment, the distances a between the storage elements 430, 440 can vary. For example, distances a can vary within a plane 410, or in an upper plane 413, 415, the storage elements 430, 450 have a first distance a from one another, and in a lower plane 414, 416, the storage elements 440, 460 have a second distance a from one another, which is different from the first distance a. Optionally, the second storage elements 450, 460 can have a different distance a from one another than the first storage elements 430, 440. The distances a can influence the distribution of the particles 220.

[0078] As can be seen from the Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. As can be further seen in Figure 7, the first storage elements 430, 440 are arranged in at least two planes 410, 413, 414 arranged one below the other along the vertical axis z. Here, the first storage elements 430, 440 are arranged offset from one another in planes 413, 414 arranged one below the other.

[0079] As can be seen from the Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. As can be further seen in Figure 7, the second storage elements 450, 460 are arranged in at least two planes 410, 415, 416 arranged one below the other along the vertical axis z. The second storage elements 450, 460 are arranged offset from one another in planes 410, 415, 416 arranged one below the other.

[0080] As from Fig. 6 and Fig. As can be further seen in Figure 7, the first and second storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 are arranged alternately one after the other along the vertical axis z.

[0081] As from Fig. 6 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 7, the arrangement of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 and the levels 410, 413, 414, 415, 460 follows a repeating pattern, although the pattern is not completely repeated. An upper level 413 with first storage elements 430 has two first storage elements 430 and three passage gaps. Two passage gaps are formed between a wall 480 of the channel 400 and a first storage element 430, and one passage gap is formed between the first storage elements 430. A lower level 414 with first storage elements 430, 440, arranged below the upper level 413, has three first storage elements 440 and four passage gaps. Here, two passage gaps are formed between a wall 480 of the channel 400 and a first storage element 440 and two passage gaps are formed between the first storage elements 440.The passage gaps between wall 480 and the first storage element 440 are narrower in the lower level 414 than in the upper level 413. In an alternative embodiment not shown, a further storage element 440, for example a storage element 440 with a smaller cross-section, can be arranged in the passage gaps between wall 480 and the first storage element 440 of the upper level 414 in order to divide the large passage gap into two smaller passage gaps. The first storage elements 440 of the lower level 414 are arranged centrally below the passage gap above.

[0082] In the illustrated embodiments, the second storage elements 450, 460 are arranged in two levels 415, 416 arranged one below the other.

[0083] As from Fig. 5, the arrangement of the second storage elements 450, 460 in the second exemplary embodiment shown corresponds to the arrangement of the first storage elements 430, 440. This means that an upper level 415 with second storage elements 450 comprises two second storage elements 450 and three passage gaps. Two passage gaps are formed between a wall 480 of the channel 400 and a second storage element 450, and one passage gap is formed between the second storage elements 430. A lower level 416 following the upper level 415 with second storage elements 460 has three second storage elements 460 and four passage gaps. Two passage gaps are formed between a wall 480 of the channel 400 and a second storage element 460, and two passage gaps are formed between the second storage elements 460.The passage gaps between wall 480 and second storage element 460 are narrower in the lower level 416 than the passage gaps between wall 480 and second storage element 450 in the upper level 415. In an alternative embodiment not shown, a further storage element 450, for example a storage element 450 with a smaller cross-section, can be arranged in the passage gaps between wall 480 and second storage element 450 of the upper level 415 in order to divide the large passage gap into two smaller passage gaps. The second storage elements 460 of the lower level 416 are arranged centrally below the passage gap above.

[0084] The second embodiment and the third embodiment differ in the design of the scheme.

[0085] As from Fig. As can be further seen in Figure 6, the diagram in the second exemplary embodiment shown is constructed from four levels 410. An upper level 413 with first storage elements 430 is arranged above a lower level 414 with first storage elements 440. Below the lower level 414 with first storage elements 440 follows an upper level 415 with second storage elements 450. This is followed by a lower level 416 with second storage elements 460. Thus, an upper level 413, 415 is followed by a lower level 414, 416 with the similarly aligned storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460.

[0086] As from Fig. As can be further seen in Figure 7, the diagram in the illustrated third embodiment is constructed from four levels 410. Here, an upper level 413 with first storage elements 430 is arranged above an upper level 415 with second storage elements 450. Below the upper level 415 with second storage elements 450 follows a lower level 414 with first storage elements 440. This is followed by a lower level 416 with second storage elements 460. As a result, the first storage elements 430, 440 are always arranged alternating with second storage elements 450, 460 in the direction of the vertical axis z.

[0087] In an alternative embodiment not shown, other suitable sequences are also possible. For example, the upper level 415 with second storage elements 450 and the lower level 416 with second storage elements 460 can be arranged between an upper level 413 with first storage elements 430 and a lower level 414 with first storage elements 440.

[0088] As from Fig. 6, in the second exemplary embodiment shown, the offset arrangement of the storage elements 440, 460 of the levels 414, 416 relative to the storage elements 430, 450 of the preceding levels 413, 415 increases the probability that particles 220, 228 falling through the passage gaps are reflected or deposited on the storage elements 440, 460 located below.

[0089] In the Fig. In the third embodiment shown in Figure 7, the probability is increased that particles 220, 228 falling through the passage gaps are reflected or deposited on the subsequent but one deposit elements 440, 460.

[0090] As can be seen from the Fig. 6 and Fig. As can be further seen in Figure 7, the diagrams are not completely repeated in the illustrated embodiments; only the upper level 413 with first storage elements 430 is shown. The distance b between the levels 410 is the same for all levels 410 in the illustrated embodiments. In an alternative embodiment not shown, the distance b between the upper level 413, 415 and the lower level 414, 416 can be different from the distance between the lower level 416 and the upper level 413. Furthermore, the levels 413, 414 with first storage elements 430, 440 can have a different distance b from adjacent levels 410 than levels 415, 416 with second storage elements 450, 460.In the illustrated embodiment, successive levels 410, 413, 414, 415, 416 of first storage elements 430, 440 and second storage elements 450, 460 have a distance b from one another which corresponds to a distance a between first storage elements 430, 440 or second storage elements 450, 460 within a level 410, 413, 414, 415, 416.

[0091] In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the scheme can be repeated more frequently. Furthermore, a scheme with only two levels 410 or with more than two levels 410 is also conceivable.

[0092] As can be seen from the Fig. As can be further seen in Figures 3 to 7, the dimensions of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 are identical. They have the same length, which depends on the length of the channel 400, the same width w, and the same distances a, b from one another. For a channel 400 with a rectangular cross-section, the length of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 would depend on the length or width of the channel 400, depending on the orientation.

[0093] As can be seen from the Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 extend substantially across the cross-section of the channel 400. The end faces of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 abut a wall 480 of the channel 400. Furthermore, the end faces of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 can be secured to the wall 480. In an alternative embodiment not shown, the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 can also be secured in the channel 400 in another suitable manner.

[0094] As can be seen from the Fig.3 to 7, the storage surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462 of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 in the illustrated embodiments are designed as continuous planar surfaces 436, 446, 456, 466, wherein the surface 436, 446, 456, 466 is oriented transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the vertical axis z of the channel 400. Here, the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 are designed as rods with a square profile, wherein the upper side of the rods forms the planar surface 436, 446, 456, 466. The width and length of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 thus determine the area of ​​the storage surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462. The width w of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 is selected such that at least one particle 220 can be deposited along the width of the storage surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462.In the illustrated embodiments, between one and four particles 220, 226 can be deposited along the width w on the deposition surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462. However, the width w can also be selected such that more than four particles 220, 226 can be deposited along the width w. In this case, the width w should be selected to be as narrow as possible in order to make shading below the deposition elements 430, 440, 450, 460 more difficult. Falling particles 220, 228 and reflected particles 220 are ideally distributed evenly in the interior 470 of the channel 400 and form a particle cloud 300. When selecting the width w of the deposition elements 430, 440, 450, 460, a balance must be found between sufficient deposition capacity, sufficient reflection surface, and freeing up as much space as possible.This can be done depending on the number of particles and / or the particle size and / or the particle weight and / or the dimensions of the channel and / or the number of storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 and / or the distances a, b between the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460.

[0095] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the storage surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462 may not be arranged continuously on the corresponding storage element 430, 440, 450, 460. In this case, the storage element 430, 440, 450, 460 may have a different shape between the storage surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462.

[0096] In a further alternative embodiment (not shown), the storage surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462 of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 can be concave, at least in some regions, relative to a falling direction of the particles 220 during intended use, in particular funnel-shaped or trough-shaped. In this case, the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 can be designed, for example, as rods with a square profile, in the upper side of which recesses are made, which form the convex storage surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462. Furthermore, an arrangement with convex and planar storage surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462 on the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 is conceivable. Furthermore, the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 may have another suitable shape.

[0097] The number of storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 and / or the number of levels 410, 413, 414, 415, 416 depends on a length and / or a width w of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460, and / or on the distances a between the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 within a level 410, 413, 414, 415, 416 and / or on the distances b between the levels 410, 413, 414, 415, 416 and / or on the size of the particles 220, and / or on the number of particles 220 and / or on the particle temperature, and / or on the dimensions of the channel 400 and / or on the volume of the channel 400.

[0098] The particles 220 in the illustrated embodiments are designed as approximately round ceramic particles or as approximately round bauxite particles. The particles 220 are temperature-resistant. In the illustrated embodiments, the particles 220 have a diameter of approximately 1 mm. Other suitable shapes, sizes, and cross-sections of the particles 220 are also conceivable.

[0099] A method (not shown) for operating a heat exchange assembly 200 comprises a method step in which particles 220 pass through an upper particle inlet 206 into a channel 400 of the heat exchange assembly 200. The particles 220 move in the direction of gravity toward a lower particle outlet 208 through the channel 400. As they fall through the channel 400, a portion of the particles 220 are reflected off deposition surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462 of at least first deposition elements 430, 440 arranged transversely to the channel 400, and a portion of the particles 220 is temporarily deposited on the deposition surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462. The particles 220 form a particle cloud 300 distributed throughout the entire channel 400 between the first deposition elements 430, 440. 430, 440. The particle cloud 300 exchanges heat with a gas stream 210 admitted into the channel 400.

[0100] An arrangement of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 and / or storage surfaces 432, 442, 452, 462 can advantageously be selected such that the particles are slowed down to at least 2 / 3, in particular half, of their falling speed compared to round, triangular or diamond-shaped storage elements of comparable dimensions.

[0101] The falling speed and / or the distribution of the particles 220 can be advantageously adjusted depending on the flow velocity of the gas stream 210 and / or on the particle temperature and / or on the particle size and / or on the particle weight and / or on the distances b between the planes 410, 413, 414, 415, 416 and / or on the distances a between the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 and / or on the dimensions of the storage elements 430, 440, 450, 460 and / or on the dimensions of the channel 400.

[0102] A use (not shown) of a heat exchange arrangement 200 for extracting heat from a heat source 110, in particular from a solar thermal system 100, is possible. Reference symbol 100 solar thermal systems 110 Heat source (sun) 120 solar field / solar collector 130 solar tower 140 conveyor system 150 hot storage tanks 160 cold storage tanks 200 heat exchanger arrangement 202 Gas inlet 204 Gas outlet 206 Particle inlet 208 Particle outlet 210 Gas flow 212 incoming gas stream 214 escaping gas stream 220 particles 222 Incoming particles 224 Emanating particles 226 lingering particles 228 falling particles 300 particle cloud 400 channel 410 Level 413 upper level first storage elements 414 lower level first storage elements 415 upper level second storage elements 416 lower level second storage elements 430 first storage elements longitudinal alignment upper level 440 first storage elements longitudinal alignment lower level 450 second storage elements, horizontally aligned, upper level 460 second storage elements, horizontally aligned, lower level 432, 442, 452, 462 storage space 436, 446, 456, 466 Surface 434, 444, 454, 464 subpage 470 interior 480 housing wall g weight force a Distance between two adjacent packing elements in one plane b Distance between adjacent levels w Width of the support surface z vertical axis

Claims

[1] Heat exchange arrangement (200) with a channel (400), having a height in the direction of a vertical axis (z) in the direction of the force of gravity (g), in which at least several first storage elements (430, 440) are arranged, wherein the channel (400) has an upper particle inlet (206) and a lower particle outlet (208) viewed in the direction of gravity, which are provided for introducing and removing particles (220) into and from the channel (400), respectively, wherein the channel (400) has a gas inlet (202) and a gas outlet (204) for a gas flow (210), wherein in the free cross-section of the channel (400) first depositing elements (430, 440) are arranged transversely to the vertical axis (z) and have depositing surfaces (432, 442) which are intended for at least temporary depositing and / or reflection of at least part of the particles (220) in the intended use, wherein a portion of the particles (220) temporarily remain on the depositing surfaces (432, 442) of the first depositing elements (430, 440) during operation, thereby reducing the mean velocity of the particles (220) in the direction of the vertical axis (z) and thus increasing the residence time of the particles (220) in the channel (400), and the depositing surfaces (432, 442) stabilize the stationary particles. [2] Heat exchange arrangement (200) according to claim 1, wherein the first storage elements (430, 440) are arranged in at least one plane (410, 413, 414), wherein the at least one plane (410, 413, 414) comprises several first storage elements (430, 440) arranged parallel to one another, in particular wherein the first storage elements (430, 440) are arranged in the at least one plane (410, 413, 414) at a regular distance (a) from each other. [3] Heat exchange arrangement (200) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first storage elements (430, 440) are arranged in at least two successive planes (410, 413, 414) along the vertical axis (z), in particular wherein the first storage elements (430, 440) are arranged offset from each other in successive planes (410, 413, 414). [4] Heat exchanger arrangement (200) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein several parallel second storage elements (450, 460) are arranged in at least one plane (410, 415, 416) in the channel (400), in particular wherein the second storage elements (450, 460) are arranged in the at least one plane (410, 415, 416) at a regular distance (a) from each other, wherein the second storage elements (450, 460) are rotated relative to the first storage elements (430, 440) by an angle about the vertical axis (z), in particular by an angle of 90°. [5] Heat exchange arrangement (200) according to claim 4, wherein the second storage elements (450, 460) are arranged in at least two successive planes (410, 415, 416) along the vertical axis (z), in particular wherein the second storage elements (450, 460) are arranged offset from each other in successive planes (410, 415, 416). [6] Heat exchange arrangement (200) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the first storage elements (430, 440) and second storage elements (450, 460) are arranged alternately along the vertical axis (z). [7] Heat exchange arrangement (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the storage elements (430, 440, 450, 460) extend over the cross-section of the channel (400). [8] Heat exchange arrangement (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the storage surfaces (432, 442, 452, 462) of the storage elements (430, 440, 450, 460) are formed at least partially as planar surfaces (436, 446, 456, 466), wherein the surface (436, 446, 456, 466) is oriented transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the vertical axis (z) of the channel (400). [9] Heat exchange arrangement (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the storage surfaces (432, 442, 452, 462) of the storage elements (430, 440, 450, 460) are at least partially concave with respect to a falling direction of the particles (220) during intended use, in particular funnel-shaped or trough-shaped. [10] Heat exchange arrangement (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein successive levels (410, 413, 414) of first storage elements (430, 440) have at least a distance (b) from each other which corresponds to a distance (a) between first storage elements (430, 440) within a level (410, 413, 414). [11] Heat exchange arrangement (200) according to one of claims 4 to 10, wherein successive levels (410, 413, 414, 415, 416) of first storage elements (430, 440) and second storage elements (450, 460) have at least a distance (b) from each other which corresponds to a distance (a) between first storage elements (430, 440) or second storage elements (450, 460) within a level (410, 413, 414, 415, 416). [12] Heat exchange arrangement (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the number of storage elements (430, 440, 450, 460) and / or the number of levels (410, 413, 414, 415, 416) depends on a length and / or a width (w) of the storage elements (430, 440, 450, 460) and / or on the distances (a) between the storage elements (430, 440, 450, 460) and / or on the distances (b) between the levels (410, 413, 414, 415, 416) and / or on the size of the particles (220), and / or on the number of particles (220) and / or on the particle temperature, and / or on the dimensions of the channel (400) and / or on the volume of the channel (400). [13] Heat exchange arrangement (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the particles (220) are designed as approximately round ceramic particles or as approximately round bauxite particles. [14] Method for operating a heat exchanger arrangement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein particles (220) enter a channel (400) of the heat exchanger arrangement (200) through an upper particle inlet (206), move through the channel (400) in the direction of gravity towards a lower particle outlet (208), wherein a portion of the particles (220) are reflected during their fall through the channel (400) onto deposit surfaces (432, 442, 452, 462) of at least first deposit elements (430, 440) which are arranged transversely to the channel (400), or a portion of the particles (220) are temporarily deposited on the deposit surfaces (432, 442, 452, 462), wherein the particles (220) between the first depositing elements (430, 440) form a particle cloud (300) distributed throughout the entire channel (400), which exchanges heat with a gas stream (210) admitted into the channel (400), wherein a portion of the particles (220) temporarily remain on the depositing surfaces (432, 442) of the first depositing elements (430, 440) during operation, thereby reducing the mean velocity of the particles (220) in the direction of the vertical axis (z) and thus increasing the residence time of the particles (220) in the channel (400), and the depositing surfaces (432, 442) stabilize the stationary particles. [15] Method according to claim 14, wherein a falling velocity and / or a distribution of the particles (220) is adjusted depending on at least one of the following quantities: (i) Flow velocity of the gas stream (210); (ii) Particle temperature; (iii) Particle size; (iv) particle weight; (v) Distances (b) between the planes (410, 413, 414, 415, 416); (vi) Distances (a) between the storage elements (430, 440, 450 460); (vii) Dimensions and / or shape of the storage elements (430, 440, 450, 460); (viii) Dimensions of the storage areas (432, 442, 452, 462); (ix) Dimensions of the channel (400). [16] Method according to claim 15, wherein heat is transferred from the particles (220) to the gas stream (210). [17] Use of a heat exchanger arrangement (200) according to one of claims 1 to 13 for extracting heat from a heat source (110), in particular from a solar thermal system (100).

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