System trainer

Abstract

System separator (100) comprising a housing (3), a non-return valve and a drain valve, wherein (a) the housing (3) has an inlet (16), an outlet (17), a flow channel extending from the inlet (16) to the outlet (17) and a drain (4) arranged between the inlet (16) and the outlet (17), (b) the non-return valve comprises a valve seat (5), a valve body (7) and a first spring element (2) within the housing (3), wherein the valve body (7) is movably arranged relative to the valve seat (5) to close the flow channel together with the valve seat (5) in a closed position and to open it in a release position, and wherein the non-return valve is arranged such that the valve body (7) is movably arranged between the closed position and the release position by a pressure differential in the flow channel and / or by a force of the first spring element (2). is,(c) the drain valve has a sealing sleeve (6) and a second spring element (1) inside the housing (3), wherein the flow channel extends through the sealing sleeve (6) and the sealing sleeve (6) is arranged to be movable relative to the drain (4) in order to fluidically connect the drain (4) to the outlet (17) in an open position and to fluidically close the drain (4) to the outlet (17) in the closed position by means of the sealing sleeve (6), and wherein the drain valve is arranged such that the sealing sleeve (6) is movable alternately between the open position and the closed position by a pressure difference in the flow channel, by a force of the first spring element (2) and by a force of the second spring element (1).

Description

The invention relates to a system separator.System separators are safety fixtures which have the purpose of protecting drinking water from a supply network from impurities. Different embodiments and associated standards of system separators are known, which can be used for different purposes of use or meet different requirements.In principle, system separators have a backflow preventer and a discharge valve or, in other words, a relief valve. The backflow preventer prevents water from flowing back into the supply grid in the event of a drop in a pressure difference in a flow channel of the system separator, which pressure difference is determined from the ratio of pressure at the inlet of the system separator connected to the supply grid to the pressure at the outlet of the system separator. The discharge or relief valve opens at a so-called dropping point when a predetermined pressure difference value is undershot, so that the water flowing back when the pressure difference falls can be discharged from the system separator or the system separator is relieved via a discharge situated between the inlet and the outlet.An exemplary embodiment of system separators are those of the BA type according to the standard DIN EN 12729. A system separator of the BA type secures the connected line system up to a liquid category 4 according to DIN EN 1717.System separators of the type BA are known in an embodiment with two separate cylindrical or conical spiral springs for the backflow preventer and the relief valve. Due to the large installation space requirement of the cylindrical or conical spiral springs, this leads to considerable restrictions in the installation space, an increased weight and increased costs of the system separator.Another exemplary system separator is the type B-FW, also called firefighting system separator, according to the standard DIN 14346. Such fire weir system separators are used, for example, in fire weir fire water uses. This is because, when a fire-fighting rotary pump and the drinking water network operate with different power, an overpressure can briefly build up in the hose line when jet pipes are quickly closed abruptly, which overpressure can then be relaxed by pushing extinguishing water back into the drinking water network or supply network. This can be avoided by the system separator.DE 10 2018 214 948 A1 describes a system separator known from the prior art which is designed specifically for use in the fire weir sector. Furthermore, DE 203 05 410 U1 discloses a system separator which protects appliances in the household sector against the reverse flow of a fluid, in particular a liquid such as water. DE 10 2013 004 109 A1 discloses a sanitary installation part with a quantity regulator unit arranged in a flow path.This and other system separators known from the prior art, which are used in the fire fight area, are equipped with a single central cylindrical or conical spiral spring. The functional principle implies that the helical compression spring must be relatively strong in order to obtain the prescribed differential pressure. As the input pressure increases, the back pressure is also increased with the spring rate and consequently the differential pressure becomes very large. Accordingly, the housing diameter of the system separator must be dimensioned very large in order to ensure a sufficient area ratio between the piston in the system separator and the discharge valve. An individual design of the discharge valve and the backflow preventer is not possible with this system separator. This results in a difficult coordination and it is hardly possible to meet the requirements imposed on the system separator.System separators must meet two conflicting requirements. On the one hand, a differential pressure above a predetermined differential pressure value, which is typically selected as 0.14 bar, must be ensured at the discharge valve. This leads to high required opening forces at the discharge valve, which in turn leads to high required closing forces of the backflow preventer at the dropping point in the system separators known from the prior art with a central spring element. On the other hand, a high flow rate, for example 1600 L / min, at a maximum pressure drop of a predetermined pressure value, for example of 1 bar, must be ensured by early and soft opening of the backflow preventer.It is accordingly the object of the invention to provide an improved system separator, in particular for a fire-fighting insert, which overcomes the disadvantages mentioned at the beginning, in particular reliably fulfills the requirements placed on the system separator, requires a small installation space, has a low weight and can be produced cost-effectively.The above object is achieved by a system separator having the features of claim 1, which is also referred to below according to a first aspect of the invention, and further by a system separator having the features of claim 3, which is referred to below according to a second aspect of the invention. Further features and details of the invention are evident from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. Features and details which are described in connection with the system separator according to the first aspect of the invention naturally also apply in connection with the system separator according to the second aspect of the invention and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure reference is or can always be made reciprocally to the individual aspects of the invention.According to the first aspect of the invention, the object mentioned at the beginning is achieved by a system separator having a housing, a backflow preventer and a discharge valve. The housing has an inlet and an outlet. Furthermore, the housing has a flow channel extending from the inlet to the outlet. In addition, the housing has a drain arranged between the inlet and the outlet. The backflow preventer has a valve seat, a valve body and a first spring element. The valve seat, the valve body, and the first spring member are located within the housing. The valve body is configured to be movable relative to the valve seat in order to shut off the flow channel together with the valve seat in a shut-off position and to release it in a release position. The backflow preventer is also configured such that the valve body is alternately movable between the blocking position and the release position by a pressure difference in the flow channel and / or by a force of the first spring element. The discharge valve has a sealing sleeve and a second spring element. The sealing sleeve and the second spring element are located within the housing. The flow channel extends through the sealing sleeve. The sealing sleeve is configured to be movable relative to the discharge in order to fluidically connect the discharge in an open position to the outlet and to fluidically close the discharge in the closed position by means of the sealing sleeve with respect to the outlet. The discharge valve is configured such that the sealing sleeve is movable alternately between the open position and the closed position by a pressure difference in the flow channel, by a force of the first spring element and by a force of the second spring element.Advantageously, the system separator according to the first aspect of the invention allows, by providing separate spring elements for the backflow preventer and the drain valve (which can alternatively also be referred to as a relief valve) or allows the second spring element of the drain valve in the specific embodiment of a system separator in which the main flow channel extends through the sealing sleeve, to adapt the backflow preventer and the drain valve separately from one another. An embodiment of a system separator is thus realized on the drain valve with the second spring element, in which the installation space requirement for the force support on the drain valve is reduced by means of the second spring element. Lower forces are made possible at the backflow preventer and thus a lighter design with lower blocking forces is possible at the backflow preventer.The initial position of the system separator can be such that the sealing sleeve is pressed into an end position by the first spring element in the locked position. The end position is reached by contact or pressure of the valve body against the valve seat, which is communicated by the force of the first spring element. The drain, which can consist of a plurality of drain openings, can be connected fluidically to the outlet in this initial position of the blocking position of the backflow preventer or the drain valve can be in the open position. Water located in the outlet may be drained through the drain.During normal operation of the system separator, the fresh water flows basically along the flow channel from the inlet to the outlet. For this purpose, the inlet pressure at the inlet can displace the sealing sleeve, which can be designed as a piston or with piston surfaces standing transversely or perpendicular to the flow direction, counter to the force of the first spring element in the direction of the outlet. In addition, the valve body can also be displaced further than the sealing sleeve in the direction of the outlet from a predetermined pressure, so that the flow channel between the valve seat and the valve body is opened or the release position of the backflow preventer is assumed. During the displacement or movement of the sealing sleeve, the discharge is closed by the sealing sleeve or the discharge valve assumes the closed position.It can be provided that the sealing sleeve has two seals. A seal can close the discharge with respect to the outlet and a further seal can also close the discharge with respect to the inlet, so that in the closed position a flow from the inlet to the discharge or vice versa is also prevented. Both seals can be designed, for example, as O-rings.At the dropping point, the sealing sleeve can meet the second spring element, which can be dimensioned such that the discharge is closed at a predetermined differential pressure, for example at a value of more than 0.14 bar, or the discharge valve is in the closed position. If the input pressure exceeds the prestress or force of the first spring element, the valve body, which can be designed, for example, as a valve cone, can open and the water can flow through the system separator, with the result that the backflow preventer is in the release position.If the pressure at the inlet or the differential pressure decreases again, it can be provided that the first spring element pushes the sealing sleeve against the reduced flow pressure into the valve seat and thus closes the inlet or the blocking position of the backflow preventer is assumed. If the pressure decreases further, the first spring element together with the second spring element can push the sealing sleeve back via the discharge, which is subsequently opened at a differential pressure below, for example, 0.14 bar. As a result, the water coming from the outlet flows to the open via the drain and the output pressure at the outlet immediately decreases. As a result, the differential pressure increases with constant inlet pressure. This mechanism ensures that, in the event of a drop in the inlet pressure at the inlet, no water can flow back to the inlet and, in the event of a pressure drop on the inlet side (in particular a pressure difference below 0.14 bar), the water at the outlet can pass into the open via the outlet and the side of the system separator at the outlet is thus emptied.In particular, it can be provided that the system separator is a system separator which is configured for a fire weir use. A system separator designed for a fire-fighting installation must be dimensioned accordingly for fire-fighting water installations and designed accordingly to requirements. For example, it must reach the necessary flow rates, for example 1600 l / min. This can be, in particular, a system separator of the type B-FW or fire-fighting system separator. Such a device can have exactly or only two chambers which can be separated from one another by means of the backflow preventer and through which the water can flow. Other embodiments, for example of the BA type, can, on the other hand, have three chambers, of which two chambers are separated by a backflow preventer. The system separator can furthermore be designed according to the standard DIN 14346.It can be provided, for example, that the first spring element and / or the second spring element is a spiral spring or another elastic spring element, for example an elastomer.In particular, it can be provided that the second spring element is a wave spring. Due to its geometry, the wave spring can be positioned or arranged in a particularly simple manner outside the flow channel or at least one main flow region of the flow channel, in order to reduce flow losses. This enables a substantially unhindered flow as far as the housing and thus a large flow cross section with the associated low flow losses. For example, a spiral spring requires a larger installation space than a wave spring with the same spring prestress. In addition, a spiral spring has a disadvantageous effect due to oscillations, turbulence and resonance in the volume flow of the fresh water, which is not the case with the wave spring. In addition, at most a slight masking of the drain by the wave spring can be achieved in the open state of the drain valve in order to enable a more rapid water discharge from the housing when the system separator is relieved or the water is discharged from the housing by the drain when the water refluxes. Further, a wave spring has a high spring rate. Accordingly, it can be configured in such a way that it supports the first spring element, which can be a spiral spring, for example, only in the last region of the stroke of the discharge valve.According to the second aspect of the invention, the object mentioned at the beginning is achieved by a system separator having a housing, a backflow preventer and a discharge valve. The housing has an inlet and an outlet. Furthermore, the housing has a flow channel extending from the inlet to the outlet. In addition, the housing has a drain arranged between the inlet and the outlet. The backflow preventer has a valve seat, a valve body and a first spring element. The valve seat, the valve body, and the first spring member are located within the housing. The valve body is configured to be movable relative to the valve seat in order to shut off the flow channel together with the valve seat in a shut-off position and to release it in a release position. The backflow preventer is also configured such that the valve body is alternately movable between the blocking position and the release position by a pressure difference in the flow channel and / or by a force of the first spring element. The discharge valve has a sealing sleeve and a second spring element. The sealing sleeve and the second spring element are located within the housing. The sealing sleeve is configured to be movable relative to the discharge in order to fluidically connect the discharge in an open position to the outlet and to fluidically close the discharge in the closed position by means of the sealing sleeve with respect to the outlet. The discharge valve is configured such that the sealing sleeve is movable alternately between the open position and the closed position by a pressure difference in the flow channel, by a force of the first spring element and by a force of the second spring element. The second spring element is a wave spring.With the system separator according to the second aspect of the invention, the same advantages and overcoming the disadvantages known from the prior art as already explained with reference to the system separator according to the first aspect of the invention are achieved. However, this system separator is not limited to an embodiment of a system separator in which the main flow channel extends through the sealing sleeve. Regardless of the specific embodiment of the system separator, the use of the wave spring enables the production of a light, compact and cost-effective system separator, since the wave spring requires only a very small installation space, so that the overall dimensions of the system separator can be reduced.The system separator according to the second aspect of the invention may be a different embodiment of a system separator than a fire-fighting system separator or system separator of type B-FW, for example a system separator of type BA. The BA type system separator may have two backflow preventers. It can also have three chambers, two of which are separated by one of the backflow preventer. The flow channel may extend through the sealing sleeve. However, it is also possible for the flow channel not to extend through the discharge valve or for the discharge valve to be arranged in a branch pipe which leads from the housing, which represents another possible design configuration of the system separator. In particular, the system separator according to the second aspect of the invention can be designed according to the standard DIN EN 12729.It can be provided that the wave spring is formed with a limited number of layers, for example, of at most ten or at most five layers. In particular, it can be provided that the wave spring is a single-layer wave spring. This allows a further reduction in the installation space required and also a cost saving and weight savings. The wave spring or one or more layers of the wave spring can have at least two, at least three or at least four shafts. The shafts of the wave spring can be used as contact points for a support element in order to securely contact or secure the wave spring within the housing.It can be provided that the second spring element substantially surrounds the flow channel. Substantially means that the flow channel is predominantly surrounded by the second spring element. In other words, the majority of a flow cross-sectional area of the flow channel can be surrounded by the second spring element. Nevertheless, a small part of the flow cross-sectional area of the flow channel, preferably not more than 20% or not more than 10% of a total flow cross-sectional area of the flow channel, can strike the second spring element. As already explained above with the particular advantages in combination with the design of the second spring element as a wave spring, this reduces flow losses within the system separator. The flow in the flow channel or a main flow of the flow channel is thereby not interrupted by the second spring element.Furthermore, it can be provided that the second spring element abuts the housing or has an, in particular radial, distance of less than 30 mm, in particular of less than 20 mm and very particularly of less than 10 mm from the housing. This can ensure that the flow of the water along the flow channel is not influenced or is hardly influenced, because the second spring element is arranged as close as possible to the housing, in particular an inner wall or an inner jacket of the housing, and the flow can run within the second spring element.In addition, it can be provided that the second spring element exerts a force on the sealing sleeve which is independent of the first spring element in the release position (of the backflow preventer) and the closed position (of the discharge valve). It can also be provided that the first spring element, during a movement from the blocking position into the release position or from the release position back into the blocking position, is (kinematically) decoupled from the second spring element at least over a part of this movement or is actuated independently of the second spring element, i.e. is compressed and exerts the force on the valve body. In other words, it can also be said that the first spring element and the second spring element are at least partially (kinematically) decoupled from one another.Furthermore, it can be provided that the second spring element is dimensioned such that the force of the second spring element exerted on the sealing sleeve moves the sealing sleeve from the closed position into the open position when a predetermined pressure difference value in the flow channel is undershot. In other words, the force of the second spring element is not applied until the predetermined pressure difference value is undershot, and assists the first spring element during this partial stroke or partial travel in order to achieve the open position. The predetermined pressure difference value may be, for example, 0.14 bar.In addition, it can be provided that the first spring element is dimensioned such that the backflow preventer moves into the blocking position before or when the predetermined pressure difference value is undershot. This makes it possible to ensure that the backflow preventer is in the blocking position when the discharge valve is in the open position or the discharge valve is just at the dropping point.Finally, it can be provided that the first spring element and the second spring element are configured such that both spring elements are compressed in parallel until the predetermined pressure difference value is reached. In other words, until the predetermined pressure difference value is reached, i.e. rising up to a pressure difference corresponding to the predetermined pressure difference value, a parallel connection of the two spring elements can be present, in which both are actuated or compressed in parallel by means of the flow of the water from the inlet or the pressure which builds up. Starting from reaching or when the predetermined pressure difference value is exceeded, decoupling of the two spring elements can take place in that the backflow preventer moves into the release position. In particular, the valve seat can be arranged on the sealing sleeve. The two spring elements are then coupled via the sealing sleeve or when the valve body bears against the valve seat, wherein the second spring element again bears against the sealing sleeve. The couplings or connections of the two spring elements by means of the sealing sleeve and housing can be the only couplings in the system separator. In the release position of the backflow preventer, the two spring elements are then no longer coupled to one another by means of the valve body and the valve seat. The coupling can be re-established in the event of a pressure difference drop when the backflow preventer moves into the blocking position as a result of the drop in the pressure difference from pressure at the inlet to pressure at the outlet.Moreover, it can be provided that the second spring element is arranged around the first spring element at least in the blocking position. In other words, the first spring element can extend within the second spring element at least in the locked position. In particular, the first spring element can be arranged coaxially with the second spring element at least in the blocking position, or the two spring elements can be arranged within the housing at least in the blocking position for the coaxial arrangement. This allows a further reduction in the required installation space in the system separator.In addition, it can be provided that the first spring element and the second spring element are placed against different support elements. The structural configuration of a contact or arrangement on different support elements enables a further reduction of the installation space and the already mentioned advantageous partial decoupling of the two spring elements from one another. The support elements can each be fastened to the housing. In this case, the support element of the second spring element can be located closer to the inlet than the support element of the first spring element. The support element of the first spring element can in turn be located closer to the outlet than the support element of the second spring element. In particular, the two support elements can be spaced apart from one another within the housing.It can also be provided that the second spring element is placed against a shaft securing ring. The shaft securing ring as a support element of the second spring element enables the water to flow as freely as possible and thus reduces possible flow losses. The support element of the first spring element can also be a shaft securing ring. It can be provided that the wave securing ring covers the second spring element, in particular the wave spring. Alternatively, it can be provided that the shaft securing ring predominantly covers the second spring element, i.e. in particular a surface of at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, of the second spring element is arranged opposite a surface of the shaft securing ring. As a result, the second spring element protrudes only slightly in the direction of the main flow channel at most and can only insignificantly influence the flow through the flow channel, so that high flow rates can be achieved with a simultaneously structurally simple and compact design.Furthermore, it can be provided that the valve seat is arranged on the sealing sleeve. In addition, the sealing sleeve can have a wall which extends radially from the valve seat in the direction of the housing. The sealing sleeve can thus be designed in the form of a piston or have a piston surface which allows the sealing sleeve or the piston to be moved by means of the flow. Advantageously, the valve seat of the backflow preventer is located on this piston surface. In addition, the sealing sleeve can be mounted in a sliding manner within the housing, in particular on an inner wall of the housing.In addition, it can be provided that the backflow preventer has a conical receptacle for the valve body. The valve body can, in the release position of the backflow preventer, bear against the conical receptacle and thus enable an improved flow along the valve body and past the flow-optimized conical shape of the receptacle, in order thus to further optimize the flow from the inlet to the outlet. In the state in which the valve body bears against the conical receptacle, a drop-shaped profile can result, around which the flow of the flow duct flows. The drop-shaped profile or the drop-shaped structure can be closed in particular.An exemplary embodiment of a system separator according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. All features emerging from the claims, the description or the figure, including structural details, can be essential to the invention both alone and in any of the various combinations. They show in each case schematically: FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a system separator in an open position of a discharge valve and a blocking position of a backflow preventer of the system separator; FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the system separator from FIG. 1 in a closed position of the discharge valve and in a release position of the backflow preventer; FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the system separator from FIGS. 1 and 2 at the dropping point of the discharge valve of the system separator and in a blocking position of the backflow preventer; FIG. 4 shows a detail view of the discharge valve of the system separator from FIG. 3 in the position at the dropping point of the discharge valve; FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a wave spring used in the system separator of FIGS. 1, 2, 3 to 4; FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a system separator in an open position of a discharge valve and a blocking position of a backflow preventer of the system separator; FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the system separator from FIG. 6 in a closed position of the discharge valve and in a release position of the backflow preventer; and FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the system separator from FIGS. 6 and 7 at the dropping point of the discharge valve and in a blocking position of the backflow preventer.Elements with the same function and function are provided with the same reference numerals in each case in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 to 8.FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary system separator 100 in the manner of a schematic diagram.The system separator 100 comprises a housing 3 which is equipped with an inlet 16 and an outlet 17. The inlet 16 is opposite the outlet 17. A flow channel (not designated) extends between the inlet 16 and the outlet 17, through which flow channel fresh water coming from the inlet 16 can flow to the outlet 17. The direction of flow from the inlet 16 to the outlet 17 is indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1. The inlet 16 of the system separator 100 can be connected to a supply network for fresh water for this purpose. For this purpose, corresponding connection means can be provided at the inlet 16, which are not shown in the present case.The system separator 100 shown here is of the type B-FW or is configured for fire-fighting use. However, the system separator 100 according to features described herein may also be of another type, for example of the BA type.In the embodiment shown, the system separator 100 has a drain 4 which is arranged between the inlet 16 and the outlet 17 in the housing 3. The discharge 4 is in the present case formed with a plurality of discharge openings or discharge bores (not designated). The housing 3 has a cylindrical or substantially cylindrical shape or external geometry. The discharge openings of the discharge 4 are formed circumferentially around the cylindrical housing 3. The discharge openings can each be spaced apart from one another by corresponding webs in the housing 3 (not shown).The system separator 100 further comprises a discharge valve, which can also be referred to as a relief valve, and a backflow preventer.The backflow preventer has a first spring element 2, a valve body 7, a valve seat 5 and an axle 9. The valve body 7 is displaceable along the axis or by means of the shaft 9, which is mounted on a bearing element 10 such that it can be displaced in the direction of the arrow. The backflow preventer further has a first support element 12, which is designed here as a first shaft securing ring 12, for example. The first shaft securing ring 11 is fastened to the housing 3 and allows the fresh water to flow through from the inlet 16 to the outlet 17 along the flow channel which the first shaft securing ring 11 surrounds. The bearing element 10 is secured to the first shaft securing ring 11 for mounting on the housing 3.The discharge valve has a sealing sleeve 6 and a second spring element 1, which is different from the first spring element 2. The second spring element 1 is designed in the present case in the form of a wave spring 1, as is shown, for example, in FIG. 5. The second spring element 1 is placed or supported against a second support element 12. The second support element 12 of the drain valve is in the present case a second shaft securing ring 12, and the second shaft securing ring 12 is likewise secured to the housing 3.The sealing sleeve 6 is designed in the present case in the form of a piston with piston surfaces which extend perpendicular to the axis 9. The valve seat 5 is formed on the sealing sleeve 6. The seal sleeve 6 slides on an inner surface 18 of the housing 3. The sealing sleeve 6 is formed with the discharge openings in relation to the discharge 4 in such a way that it can open and close the discharge 4 with respect to the outlet 17 by moving or sliding within the housing 3. For this purpose, the sealing sleeve 6 has corresponding sealing elements 8, which seal the sealing sleeve 6 with respect to the housing 3 or the inner wall 18 of the housing 3 within the housing 3. In the present case, the sealing elements 8 are designed as O-rings, for example. In the present case, the sealing sleeve 6 has in each case a sealing element 8 for sealing with respect to the inlet 16 and a sealing element 8 for sealing with respect to the outlet 17.The system separator 100 shown in FIG. 1 is in an open position of the discharge valve and in an end position of a blocking position of the backflow preventer. These are the rest positions of the system separator 100 when no water flows within the system separator 100 or the system separator 100 is not in operation. In the open position 100, the outlet 4 is fluidically connected to the outlet 17, while the inlet 16 is fluidically separated from the outlet 17 and the outlet 4 by the sealing sleeve 6 and the valve body 7 which presses against the valve seat 5 on the sealing sleeve 6, so that no water can flow from the inlet 16 to the outlet 17. The flow channel within the housing 3 is blocked against the valve seat 5 in the blocking position by pressing the valve body 7 by means of the force of the first spring element 2 acting in the opposite direction to the arrow, which spring element is designed here as a spiral spring, for example. However, a return flow of water from the outlet 17 in the direction opposite to the arrow is possible, so that the water can flow out of the outlet 4 or can be discharged.The system separator 100 shown in FIG. 1 has in this embodiment two chambers which are separated from one another in the present case as a result of the blocking position of the backflow preventer. The chamber, which is visible on the left in FIG. 1 and has the inlet 16, is separated from the chamber, which is visible on the right in FIG. 1 and has the outlet 17, of the system separator 100. In the release position of the backflow preventer, the two chambers are connected to one another in terms of flow, with the result that the flow of water passes through both chambers.Nevertheless, other embodiments of system separators 100 are also possible, which are not explicitly shown in the figures. Thus, for example, an embodiment with three chambers can be selected, in which two backflow preventers are used. This is typically the case with the BA type system separator 100.In addition, the discharge 4 does not necessarily have to be arranged radially on the housing 3 or around the housing 3. It is also possible for the discharge 4 to be located in a branch line or a branch pipe (not shown) between inlet 16 and outlet 17, in which the discharge valve can also be arranged.In FIG. 2, the system separator 100 is in regular operation with a flow of fresh water into the inlet 16 and to the outlet 17 along the flow channel. The backflow preventer is in a release position and the discharge valve is in a closed position.In the release position of the backflow preventer, the first spring element 2 is compressed, so that the valve body 7 is forced back in the flow direction from the inlet 16 to the outlet 17 and thereby releases an opening between the valve seat 5 on the sealing sleeve 6 and the valve body 7. The opening opens up the flow channel or enables fresh water to flow in the direction of the arrow along the flow channel. The pushing back of the valve body 7 is effected by the pressure of the water flowing in in the inlet 16 or a pressure difference between the inlet 16 and the outlet 17 and against a force of the first spring element 2.In the closed position of the discharge valve, the sealing sleeve 6 closes the discharge 4 with respect to the outlet 17, For this purpose, the sealing sleeve 6 is displaced or moved in the same direction as the valve body 6 by the pressure difference and thus interrupts the fluidic connection between the discharge 4 and the outlet 17 with respect to the positions of the system separator 100 shown in FIG. 1. The sealing sleeve 6 abuts against the second spring element 1 and presses against it, so that the second spring element 1 is compressed in the exemplary form of the wave spring 1.In FIG. 3, the system separator 100 is located with its discharge valve at the so-called dropping point. At the dropping point, the discharge valve of the system separator 100 is located just at the limit for opening or at the transition from the closed position to the open position. These positions of the system separator 100 occur from the positions shown in FIG. 2 when a return flow of water from the outlet 17 in the direction of the inlet 16 occurs. The system separator 100 is designed such that the backflow preventer moves into the blocking position upon a drop below or reaching a predetermined differential pressure value of the differential pressure between the inlet 16 and the outlet 17, for example a drop below or reaching a differential pressure of 0.14 bar, and the drain valve opens in order to drain the returning water by means of the drain 4 and thereby avoid a return flow to the inlet 16 and into the supply network of the fresh water.In the detailed view of the system separator 100 according to FIG. 4 with the drain valve at the dropping point, the components of the drain valve are particularly clearly visible. The first spring element 2, which is designed in the form of the wave spring 1, is arranged on the second wave securing ring 12 and the seal 8 of the sealing sleeve 6 which is closer to the outlet 17 is situated precisely at the dropping point, that is to say during the transition from the closed position to the open position, in order to connect the discharge 4 fluidically to the outlet 17.As can be seen in FIG. 4, a splash guard 13 is arranged on the drain 4 or on the housing 3, in particular on an outer wall or outer side of the housing 3, in order to drain the draining of the returning or respectively returning water from the outlet 17 and through the drain 4 into the environment in a targeted or controlled manner.In order to limit the flow influences by the second spring element 1, the dimensions of the second spring element 1 can be selected such that, for example, it has a thickness of less than 30 mm, in particular of less than 20 mm, for example in the range from 2 mm to 20 mm, measured from left to right in the thickness direction, i.e. in the installed state in the direction of the flow channel or in FIG. 4. As a result, the installation space requirement is significantly reduced compared to the known spring elements. The distance between the discharge 4 or the discharge openings and the support element 11, in the present case designed as a shaft securing ring 11, can also be, for example, in the range from 10 mm to 100 mm, in particular in the range from 15 mm to 80 mm and furthermore in particular in the range from 20 to 60 mm. As a result, the installation space requirement for the discharge valve can be reduced. Furthermore, the second spring element 1 can be formed with a limited circumferential width, for example in the range from 5 mm to 50 mm, in particular in the range from 10 mm to 30 mm. In particular, the second spring element 1 can be arranged and designed within the housing 3 in such a way that it does not project beyond the support element 11 in the direction of the flow channel or at least not more than 20 mm, in particular not more than 10 mm, in order to influence the flow channel as little as possible. In the form of a wave spring 1, the second spring element 1 can have, for example, a width on the circumference in the range of the mentioned 5 mm to 50 mm, in particular in the range of 10 mm to 30 mm. This width can be measured in the wave spring 1 in FIG. 4 from top to bottom in the section of the wave spring 1. Furthermore, the wave securing ring 11 with its contact surface for the wave spring 1 predominantly covers the wave spring 1 in the direction of extension from inlet 16 to outlet 17, so that the wave spring 1 ensures at most a slight reduction in the flow cross section through the wave securing ring 11.FIG. 5 shows an exemplary wave spring 1, as can be used for the first spring element 2 in the system separator 100. The wave spring 1 is shown in the present case as a single-layer wave spring 1 with four shafts, so that 4 contact points or contact surfaces are provided for contact with the second wave securing ring 12.FIGS. 6, 7 to 8 show essentially the system separator 100 according to its principle sketches of FIGS. 1, 2 to 3 and its detailed view according to FIG. 4, but as a technical sectional view and with further details. Otherwise, the sequence of the representation of the positions of the system separator 100 from FIGS. 6, 7 to 8 corresponds to those of FIGS. 1, 2 to 3.FIGS. 6, 7 to 8 show the system separator 100 with a grid 14 at the inlet 16. As FIG. 7 shows, the conical receptacle 15 with the valve body 7 corresponding thereto in its shape allows an optimized flow profile of the water from the inlet 16 to the outlet 17 on a drop profile resulting from the conical receptacle 15 and the valve body 7 in the release position of the backflow preventer.For this purpose, the valve body 7 closes the conical receptacle 15. In other words, the valve body 7 is a type of cover for the conical receptacle 15, so that the water can flow in an optimized manner along the drop profile that results.List of reference characters1 second spring element, wave spring 2 first spring element, spiral spring 3 housing 4 drain 5 valve seat 6 sealing sleeve 7 valve body 8 seal 9 axle, shaft 10 bearing element 11 first support element, first shaft securing ring 12 second support element, second shaft securing ring 13 splash guard 14 grid 15 conical receptacle 16 inlet 17 outlet 18 inner wall 100 system separator

Claims

System separator (100) having a housing (3), a backflow preventer and a discharge valve, wherein (a) the housing (3) has an inlet (16), an outlet (17), a flow channel extending from the inlet (16) to the outlet (17) and a discharge (4) arranged between the inlet (16) and the outlet (17), (b) the backflow preventer has a valve seat (5), a valve body (7) and a first spring element (2) within the housing (3), wherein the valve body (7) is configured to be movable relative to the valve seat (5) in order to shut off the flow channel together with the valve seat (5) in a shut-off position and to release it in a release position, and wherein the backflow preventer is configured such that, the valve body (7) being movable alternately between the blocking position and the release position by a pressure difference in the flow channel and / or by a force of the first spring element (2), (c) the discharge valve having a sealing sleeve (6) and a second spring element (1) within the housing (3), wherein the flow channel extends through the sealing sleeve (6) and the sealing sleeve (6) is configured to be movable relative to the discharge (4) in order to connect the discharge (4) in terms of flow to the outlet (17) in an open position and to close the discharge (4) in terms of flow relative to the outlet (17) by means of the sealing sleeve (6) in the closed position, and wherein the discharge valve is configured such that the sealing sleeve (6) is configured such that the sealing sleeve (6) is controlled by a pressure difference in the flow channel, by a force of the first spring element (2) and by a force of the second spring element (1), alternately movable between the open position and the closed position.The system separator (100) according to claim 1, wherein the second spring element (1) is a wave spring (1).System separator (100) having a housing (3), a backflow preventer and a discharge valve, wherein (a) the housing (3) has an inlet (16), an outlet (17), a flow channel extending from the inlet (16) to the outlet (17) and a discharge (4) arranged between the inlet (16) and the outlet (17), (b) the backflow preventer has a valve seat (5), a valve body (7) and a first spring element (2) within the housing (3), wherein the valve body (7) is configured to be movable relative to the valve seat (5) in order to shut off the flow channel together with the valve seat (5) in a shut-off position and to release it in a release position, and wherein the backflow preventer is configured such that, the valve body (7) being movable alternately between the blocking position and the release position by a pressure difference in the flow channel and / or by a force of the first spring element (2), (c) the discharge valve having a sealing sleeve (6) and a second spring element (1) within the housing (3), wherein the sealing sleeve (6) is configured to be movable relative to the discharge (4) in order to connect the discharge (4) in terms of flow to the outlet (17) in an open position and to close the discharge (4) in terms of flow relative to the outlet (17) by means of the sealing sleeve (6) in the closed position, and wherein the discharge valve is configured such that the sealing sleeve (6) is movable alternately between the open position and the closed position by a pressure difference in the flow channel, by a force of the first spring element (2) and by a force of the second spring element (1), wherein the second spring element (1) is a wave spring (1).The system separator (100) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the wave spring (1) is a single-layer wave spring.System separator (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second spring element (1) substantially surrounds the flow channel.System separator (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second spring element (1) abuts the housing (3) or is at a distance of less than 30 mm from the housing (3).System separator (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second spring element (1) is configured such that the second spring element (1) exerts a force on the sealing sleeve (6) which is independent of the first spring element (2) in the release position and the closed position.System separator (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second spring element (1) is dimensioned such that the force of the second spring element (1) exerted on the sealing sleeve (6) moves the sealing sleeve (6) from the closed position into the open position when a predetermined pressure difference value in the flow channel is undershot.System separator (100) according to claim 8, wherein the first spring element (2) is dimensioned such that the backflow preventer moves into the blocking position before or when the predetermined pressure difference value is undershot.System separator (100) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the first spring element (2) and the second spring element (1) are configured such that both spring elements (1, 2) are compressed in parallel until the predetermined pressure difference value is reached.System separator (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second spring element (1) is arranged around the first spring element (2) at least in the blocking position.System separator (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first spring element (2) and the second spring element (1) are placed against different support elements (11, 12).System separator (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second spring element (1) is placed against a shaft securing ring (11).System separator (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve seat (5) is arranged on the sealing sleeve (6) and the sealing sleeve (6) has a wall which extends radially from the valve seat (5) in the direction of the housing (3).System separator (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the backflow preventer has a conical receptacle (15) for the valve body (7).

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