Electric machine for generating electrical energy and hybrid drive unit for a vehicle

Abstract

Electric machine (1) for generating electrical energy for a hybrid vehicle, comprising: - a housing (2) with an axial opening (E) for installing a stator (4) and a rotor device (5) and with at least one outer housing wall part (3) which separates the electrical machine (1) from the environment, - a stator device (4) arranged inside the housing (2), - a rotor device (5) for connection to an internal combustion engine (100) such that rotational energy of the internal combustion engine (100) can be converted into electrical energy by relative rotation of the rotor device (5) to the stator device (4), wherein - the electrical machine (1) has a sealing device (6) which closes the axial opening (E) of the housing (2) and divides the interior of the housing (2) in the axial direction (X) into two spatial sections (A, B), so that in a first spatial section (A) a crankshaft (101) of an internal combustion engine (100) can be connected to the rotor device (5) and in a second spatial section (B) the stator device (4) is arranged, characterized in that - the at least one outer housing wall part (3) is designed for arranging the stator device (4), - wherein the stator device (4) comprises a stator (26) and a stator carrier (27), to which the stator (26) is fastened radially on the inside and which is arranged radially on the outside of the at least one housing wall part (3), and - wherein the stator carrier (27) has a chamfer (35) at one axial end, on which a seal (36) is arranged between the stator carrier (27) and the sealing device (6) or its sealing element (8).

Description

The invention relates to an electric machine for generating electrical energy for a hybrid vehicle, to a hybrid drive unit for a vehicle and to a method for connecting an internal combustion engine to an electric machine.In other words, the present invention relates to an apparatus (electric machine) and method, and more particularly to a transmission or hybrid drive unit, such as a dedicated hybrid transmission or DHT, having one or two electric machines for use in a motor vehicle.In the German patent application DE 10 2020 123 116 A1, which is not prepublished, a transmission with two electric machines is disclosed, as is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.As shown in FIG. 1, a first electric machine 1 as a generator is directly connected to a crankshaft 101 of an internal combustion engine 100 or an internal combustion engine 100 (indicated merely by reference numerals).In this case, a second electric machine 200 serves as a traction machine.A motor housing 104 or a housing 104 of the internal combustion engine 100 and a transmission housing 2 or a housing 2 of the electric machine 1 are screwed to one another and form a parting plane T.The internal combustion engine 100 or the internal combustion engine 100 is sealed off via a crankshaft seal 105 or a radial shaft seal 105.FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of FIG. 1.A stator 26 of the first electric machine 1 is connected by means of a stator carrier 27 via, for example, screws S to the transmission housing 2 or the housing 2 of the electric machine 1.A coolant or cooling water channel 28 or a cooling channel 28 is delimited by the transmission housing or by the housing 2 of the electric machine 1 and the stator carrier 27.A rotor 12 of the first electric machine 1 is connected to the crankshaft 101 by a rotor carrier 13 and bolts S.A space A or a first space section A, in which the first electric machine 1 is located, is dry and is separated by the transmission housing 2 or by the housing 2 from a wet or oil space B of the transmission or from a second space section B.From DE 10 2021 108 127 A1 a transmission with two electric machines is known, as is shown in FIG. 3.As shown in FIG. 3, a rotor 12 of a first electric machine 1 is connected on one side via a rotor carrier 13, screws S, a so-called flexplate 102 or a flexible disk part 102 and screws S to a crankshaft 101 of an internal combustion engine 100 (indicated merely by reference numerals).On another side axially opposite the connection of the rotor 12 to the crankshaft 101, the rotor carrier 13 is mounted by a rolling bearing 15 or by a bearing 15.The space A or the first space section A of the first electric machine 1 is dry and is separated from a wet or oil space B of the transmission or from a second space section B by the transmission housing 104 or by the housing 104 of the internal combustion engine 100 and a radial shaft sealing ring 37.Furthermore, corresponding machines are also known from DE 697 32 387 T2 and DE 10 154 147 C1. In particular, separating walls between the spatial section of the electric machine and the spatial section of the internal combustion engine are known here. It has been found that in the aforementioned prior art, the space or the space section A between the internal combustion engine 100 or the internal combustion engine 100 and the transmission or the housing 2 of the electric machine 1 is difficult to seal and a watertight insulation of the stator 26 of the first electric machine 1 is difficult and complicated.More specifically, it is very difficult in many cases to configure the parting plane T of the motor housing 104 or of the housing 104 of the internal combustion engine 100 and of the transmission housing 2 or of the housing 2 of the electric machine 1 such that a closed sealing surface is produced.It is therefore not possible to prevent moisture from entering the space A or the first space section A, for example, during water passages.A configuration of the stator 26 of the first electric machine 1 such that it is insulated from water in all cases and no risk of short circuit arises would in principle be possible, but is very complicated from a manufacturing standpoint.A direct screwing of the rotor 12 of the first electric machine 1 to the crankshaft 101 would eliminate the need for a complete testing of the first electric machine 1 before an assembly of the transmission or the electric machine 1 to the internal combustion engine 100 or to the internal combustion engine 100, since the rotor 12 is part of the crankshaft 101 and is only combined with the stator 26 during the assembly. However, setting up the first electric machine 1, such as setting an air gap between the stator 26 and the rotor 12, must then be carried out during or after the mounting of the transmission / housing 2 of the electric machine 1 to the internal combustion engine 100 / to the internal combustion engine 100, which is not always desirable.A configuration of a known transmission input with a toothed transmission input shaft and the first electric machine 1 in an oil chamber would require an upstream torsion damper in a serial drive because of a toothed play of a spline and would likewise be costly and space-consuming.It is accordingly the object of the present invention to eliminate the aforementioned problems in the prior art and to provide an improved electric machine and method and in particular an improved transmission or hybrid drive unit having one or two electric machines for use in a motor vehicle.The object is achieved by means of the measures specified in the independent claims.Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.In a first aspect, an electric machine for generating electrical energy for a hybrid vehicle has a housing with an axial opening for installing a stator and a rotor device and with at least one outer housing wall part which delimits the electric machine from the environment. The housing can have a shape similar to a pot, the open side of which forms the axial opening or the open side of which is accessible in the axial direction for the installation of, for example, the stator and / or a rotor device.The electric machine further comprises a stator device arranged in the interior of the housing.In addition, the electric machine comprises a rotor device for connection to an internal combustion engine, so that rotational energy of the internal combustion engine can be converted into electrical energy by relative rotation of the rotor device to the stator device.Furthermore, the electric machine has a sealing device which closes the axial opening of the housing and divides the interior of the housing in the axial direction into two spatial sections, so that a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine can be connected to the rotor device in a first spatial section and the stator device is arranged in a second spatial section. Precisely the closing of the axial opening of the housing allows water to enter the first space section between an internal combustion engine and the electric machine or its housing without the stator device or its stator being damaged. This is because the sealing device protects the stator or the stator device from water and dirt. On the other hand, because of the sealing device, sealing of the stator device of the electric machine is possible with simple effort. Furthermore, the electric machine can be tested in the factory by means of the sealing device before assembly with an internal combustion engine. Thus, an electric machine with housing may be provided that may be tested prior to assembly with an internal combustion engine and that is protected from the entry of water and / or dirt, although the electric machine is not yet assembled with an internal combustion engine or its housing.Furthermore, the sealing device can be arranged within the housing and extend from the at least one outer housing wall part towards the rotor device, for example in the radial direction. Thus, water and dirt can be prevented from entering between the housing and the rotor device, since the rotor device, like the housing, can be embodied impermeable as a component and can therefore itself seal.The sealing device can sealingly abut the at least one outer housing wall part and the rotor device, for example, a hub unit of the rotor device.The sealing device can be designed such that it can be clamped or spread between the at least one outer housing wall part and the rotor device or a hub unit of the rotor device. The sealing device can also be designed such that it can be spread or clamped or pressed into the housing or into or onto the at least one outer housing wall part. Consequently, fastening means such as screws or rivets can be dispensed with, as a result of which weight can be saved and the assembly around screws to be attached is simplified. Furthermore, the sealing device is thereby arranged rotationally rigidly on the at least one outer housing wall part or on the housing.The sealing device can comprise a radial shaft seal. The smaller the diameter thereof, the better the sealing effect thereof and the less the influence thereof with respect to friction.The radial shaft seal can be arranged on a sealing surface of a hub unit of the rotor device. This interaction permits optimum sealing.Furthermore, the sealing device can comprise a shaped sealing element, the course of which is funnel-shaped.The sealing element can be viewed at its end in the radial direction outwards or can form a receptacle for the housing at its radially outer end.Furthermore, the sealing element can have a passage for a screw or a rivet at the radially outer end, so that a frictional or force-fit connection can be established between the sealing element and the housing of the electric machine, for example with the aid of screws. Thus, the sealing effect can be increased and the position can be secured.In addition, the sealing element can form a receptacle for a radial shaft seal of the sealing device at its end, as viewed inward in the radial direction, or at its radially inner end, and can be designed such that the radial shaft seal can be tensioned with a prestressing force against a sealing surface of a hub unit of the rotor device. The prestressing force ensures a secure bearing of the radial shaft seal against the associated sealing surface, as a result of which the performance of the seal can be increased.The rotor device can also have a rotor and a rotor carrier, which are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner.The rotor, viewed in the radial direction, can be arranged on the outside of the rotor carrier, wherein a hub unit or the rotor carrier, viewed in the radial direction, can have on the inside a bearing receptacle for a bearing, with which forces of the rotor device can be absorbed and, together with a bearing, the rotation of the rotor device can be ensured.Furthermore, the rotor device can have a bearing which is arranged on the bearing receptacle of the rotor carrier. With this, forces of the rotor device can be absorbed and the rotation of the rotor device can be ensured.The rotor device can also have a connecting part which is designed for connection to a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine.The connecting part can have on its outer side, viewed radially outwards, or on its radial outer side at least one internal thread for connection to a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine.In addition, the connecting part can have on its inner side, viewed radially inward, or on its radial inner side at least one passage for frictional and / or positive connection to a hub unit of the rotor device.The connecting part may have a shape reminiscent of a soup plate. This shape gives sufficient mechanical stability and facilitates water outflow.Furthermore, the rotor device can have a hub unit to which a rotor carrier of the rotor device is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein the rotor carrier is designed for the rotationally fixed arrangement of a rotor of the rotor device.The rotor device can also have a hub unit, to which, in addition or alternatively to the rotor carrier of the rotor device, a connecting part of the rotor device is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein the connecting part is designed for connection to a crankshaft.Furthermore, the hub unit can have a sealing surface for a radial shaft seal of the sealing device. Thus, the sealing performance of the sealing device can be increased.The sealing surface can be arranged between a rotor carrier of the rotor device and a connecting part of the rotor device. In this way, the rotor carrier can be arranged in a second space section and the connecting part in a first space section, wherein the two space sections are sealed with respect to one another by means of the sealing device, so that water and dirt cannot pass from one space section into the other.In addition, the sealing surface can be formed by a shoulder of the hub unit. This ensures that the sealing surface can be produced in a simple manner.Furthermore, the hub unit can have a shoulder against which the rotor carrier abuts on one side and the connecting part abuts on the other side, so that a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine can be connected to the rotor carrier via the connecting part and via the hub unit.The shoulder can protrude outwards when viewed in the radial direction. In this way, a sealing surface formed thereon can be manufactured in a simple manner.The shoulder can have a plurality of through-bores, for example in the axial direction, in which a rivet or a screw is arranged in each case, which connects the hub unit and / or the rotor carrier and / or the connecting part of the rotor device to one another in a rotationally fixed manner.In addition, the hub unit can have a toothing in which the rotor carrier engages with corresponding counter toothing. In this case, the toothing and the counter-toothing can be configured without play.The hub unit together with the rotor carrier can also have a shaft-hub connection, with the aid of which a rotationally fixed connection between the hub unit and the rotor carrier is ensured.Furthermore, the rotor carrier can be clamped against the shoulder by means of a shaft nut. In this case, the rotor carrier can be clamped against the shoulder by means of a shaft nut via a bearing and a sleeve.Thus, a bearing prestress which is improved for operation can be achieved.Furthermore, a bearing of the rotor device can be secured to the rotor carrier with the aid of a securing ring.According to the invention, the at least one outer housing wall part is designed for arranging the stator device.According to the invention, the stator device further comprises a stator and a stator carrier, to which the stator is fastened radially on the inside and which is arranged radially on the outside on the at least one housing wall part.A cooling channel can be formed between the stator carrier and the at least one housing wall part in order to dissipate operating heat of the stator.The stator carrier can be designed similar to a hollow cylinder.The stator carrier can also have at least one shoulder with which it abuts against a shoulder of the at least one outer housing wall part.The stator support can also have one or more grooves radially on the outside for attaching sealing elements, so that a cooling channel can be sealed in the axial direction.Furthermore, the stator carrier can comprise sealing elements which are arranged in the grooves thereof.The stator carrier can also have at least one passage, for example in the axial direction, which is arranged on the outside, as seen in the radial direction, in order to screw the stator carrier to the at least one outer housing wall part.The at least one passage can be formed on a shoulder with which the stator carrier abuts against a shoulder of the at least one outer housing wall part.The at least one outer housing wall part can comprise at least one internal thread, into each of which a screw is screwed in order to fasten the stator carrier to the housing.Furthermore, according to the invention, the stator carrier has a chamfer at an axial end or at an end, as viewed in the axial direction, at which a seal is arranged between the stator carrier and the sealing device or the sealing element thereof. Thus, the sealing performance can be increased.Finally, it should be mentioned that the electric machine is designed to generate electrical energy, for example to charge a battery and / or to supply an electric motor with energy.It is also noted that the axis of a passage or a through bore can extend in the axial direction.A second aspect of the present invention includes a hybrid drive unit for a vehicle.It is expressly pointed out that the features of the electric machine as mentioned under the first aspect can be used individually or combined with one another in the hybrid drive unit for a vehicle.In other words, the features mentioned above under the first aspect of the invention relating to the electric machine can also be combined here under the second aspect of the invention with further features.A hybrid drive unit for a vehicle includes an electric machine according to the first aspect and an internal combustion engine having a crankshaft and a flexible plate part. Of course, the hybrid drive can also have a first and a second electric machine, wherein the first machine serves as a generator and the second electric machine as a drive for a vehicle. The hybrid drive can be designed as a so-called series drive, in which one electric machine operates as a generator and the other as a drive of a vehicle.The flexible disk part is arranged on the crankshaft in a rotationally fixed manner and on the connecting part of the rotor device of the electric machine in a rotationally fixed manner, such that the rotational energy of the internal combustion engine can be transmitted via the crankshaft, the flexible disk part and the connecting part to the hub unit and via the rotor carrier to the rotor in order to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.The flexible disk part can be fastened to the crankshaft by means of screws.Furthermore, the flexible disc part can have at least one passage on its outer side, viewed in the radial direction outwards, or on its radial outer side, through which a screw can be passed in order to connect the flexible disc part to the connecting part of the rotor device of the electric machine.Furthermore, the internal combustion engine may comprise a housing and a radial shaft seal which seals the interior of the housing from the exterior.Finally, it is pointed out that the axis of a passage or of a through bore can run in the axial direction.A third aspect of the present invention includes a method for connecting an internal combustion engine to an electric machine.It is expressly pointed out that the features of the hybrid drive unit for a vehicle, as mentioned under the second aspect, are used individually or in combination with one another in the method for connecting an internal combustion engine to an electric machine.In other words, the features mentioned above under the second aspect of the invention relating to the hybrid drive unit for a vehicle can also be combined here with further features under the third aspect of the invention.The method for connecting an internal combustion engine to an electric machine provides a hybrid drive unit as described in the second aspect.The method may comprise the following steps.One step comprises an alignment in the axial direction or an axial alignment of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine and an electric machine at a common axis of rotation to create a hybrid drive unit, as described in the second aspect.The housings of the electric machine and of the internal combustion engine can then be connected to one another.Thereafter, the step of connecting the connecting part of the rotor device of the electric machine by means of screws may follow the flexible disc part of the internal combustion engine.A further step may comprise, before the connection of the connection part to the flexible disc part, aligning a passage of the flexible disc part with an internal thread of the connection part, such that the connection part and the flexible disc part can be screwed together by means of a screw which can be passed through an opening in the axial direction or through an axial opening of the housing of the internal combustion engine. Such a step is found, for example, during the assembly or connection of converter automats from the prior art.The concept of the invention presented above is expressed in other words in the following.Thus, a sealing plate or a sealing device is provided between a rotor of a first electric machine and an internal combustion engine or an internal combustion engine.A rotationally fixed, play-free connection of the rotor of the first electric machine to a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine may be provided.A driving plate / flywheel or a connecting part can be connected to the crankshaft by an axially flexible disk or flexplate or flexible disk part.A drive plate / flywheel or a connecting part can be connected to the rotor of the first electric machine via a radially small hub / hub unit.A radial shaft sealing ring or a seal can be sealed on a diameter as small as possible with respect to a hub / hub unit.A not completely sealable space / first space section between the internal combustion engine and the transmission or electrical machine can be separated from a sealed space or oil space or second space section.On the basis of the above design possibilities, various advantageous effects of the invention result.The following advantages can be achieved by means of the solution specified above:direct play-free connection, fixed against relative rotation, of a rotor of a first electric machine to a crankshaftno intermediate switching of a torsion damperno special insulation expenditure for a stator of the first electric machinepermitting water and / or other foreign matter / contaminants to enter a space between an internal combustion engine and a transmission without contaminating or damaging the first electric machinefinal testing and optionally setting up of the transmission or an electric machine including the function of the first electric machine during or after assembly of the transmissionThe invention is explained in more detail below with reference to two exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the associated drawings. The following are shown schematically: FIGS. 1 and 2 show a sectional view of a transmission with two electric machines from the prior art, wherein FIG. 2 shows an enlarged representation of a section of FIG. 1 ; FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a further transmission with two electric machines from the prior art; FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an electric machine for generating electric power for a hybrid vehicle according to a first embodiment; and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an electric machine for generating electric power for a hybrid vehicle according to a second exemplary embodiment.In the following description, like reference numerals are used for like items.FIGS. 1 to 3 show sectional views of embodiments from the prior art which have already been discussed at the beginning of this description, so that further explanations are omitted at this point.FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of an electric machine 1 for generating electrical energy for a hybrid vehicle according to a first exemplary embodiment.According to FIG. 4, the electric machine 1 has a housing 2 with an opening E in the axial direction X or with an axial opening E for installing a stator 4 and a rotor device 5 and with an outer housing wall part 3 which delimits the electric machine 1 from the environment.Furthermore, the electric machine 1 has a stator device 4, which is arranged in the interior of the housing 2, and a rotor device 5 for connection to an internal combustion engine 100 (indicated merely by reference symbols). Thus, rotational energy of the internal combustion engine 100 can be converted into electrical energy by relative rotation of the rotor device 5 to the stator device 4.As can also be seen from FIG. 4, the electric machine 1 has a sealing device 6, which closes the axial opening E of the housing 2 and divides the interior of the housing 2 in the axial direction X into two spatial sections A, B, so that a crankshaft 101 of an internal combustion engine 100 can be connected to the rotor device 5 in a first spatial section A and the stator device 4 is arranged in a second spatial section B.The closing of the axial opening E of the housing 2 allows water to enter, for example through an opening O, into the first space section A between an internal combustion engine 100 and the electric machine 1 or the housing 2 thereof. In addition, because of the sealing device 6, sealing of the stator device 4 of the electric machine 1 is possible with simple effort. The electric machine 1 can also be tested in the factory with the aid of the sealing device 6 before assembly with an internal combustion engine 100. Consequently, a completely sealed and pretested electric machine 1 can be provided which can be tested prior to assembly with an internal combustion engine and is protected against the entry of water and / or dirt, even though the electric machine 1 is not yet assembled with an internal combustion engine 100 or its housing 104. Consequently, sealing at the separation plane T is not necessary.As shown in FIG. 4, the sealing device 6 is arranged within the housing 2 and extends from the outer housing wall part 3, for example inward in the radial direction Y, toward the rotor device 5 or toward its grain unit 19.The sealing device 6 sealingly abuts the outer housing wall part 3 and the rotor device 5, in particular a hub unit 19 of the rotor device 5.Furthermore, FIG. 4 shows that the sealing device 6 has a radial shaft seal 7 which is arranged on a sealing surface 20 of a hub unit 19 of the rotor device 5.The sealing device 6 has a shaped sealing element 8, the course of which is funnel-shaped. The sealing element 8 forms a receptacle 9 for the housing 2, at its end, as viewed outwards in the radial direction Y, or at its radially outer end, wherein the sealing element 8 has a passage 10 for a screw S or a rivet at the radially outer end, such that a frictional or force-fit connection can be established between the sealing element 8 and the housing 2. In this way, the sealing device 6 or the shaped sealing element 8 is arranged on the housing 2 in a rotationally rigid manner.Furthermore, the sealing element 8 forms a receptacle 11 for the radial shaft seal 7 of the sealing device 6 at its end, as viewed inward in the radial direction, or at its radially inner end, and is designed such that the radial shaft seal 7 is tensioned with a prestressing force against a sealing surface 20 of a hub unit 19 of the rotor device 5.It can also be seen from FIG. 4 that the rotor device 5 has a rotor 12 and a rotor carrier 13, which are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner.The rotor 12 is arranged on the outside of the rotor carrier 13, as viewed in the radial direction Y, and the rotor carrier 13 has, as viewed in the radial direction Y, on the inside a bearing receptacle 14 for a bearing 15. In addition, the rotor device 5 has-as mentioned-a bearing 15 which is arranged on the bearing receptacle 14 of the rotor carrier 13.The rotor device 5 also has a connecting part 16 which is designed for connection to a crankshaft 101 of an internal combustion engine 100.The connecting part 16 has on its outer side, viewed outwards in the radial direction Y, or on its radial outer side a plurality of internal threads 17 for connection to a crankshaft 101 of an internal combustion engine 100.Furthermore, the connecting part 16 has on its inner side, viewed inward in the radial direction Y, or on its radial inner side a plurality of passages 18 for frictional and / or positive connection to a hub unit 19 of the rotor device 5.Furthermore, FIG. 4 shows that the rotor device 5 comprises a hub unit 19 to which the rotor carrier 13 of the rotor device 5 is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner, which is designed for the rotationally fixed arrangement of a rotor 12 of the rotor device 5.In addition, the connecting part 16 of the rotor device 5, which is designed for connection to a crankshaft 101, is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to the hub unit 19.The hub unit 19 has a sealing surface 20 for the radial shaft seal 7 of the sealing device 6, wherein the sealing surface 20 is arranged between the rotor carrier 13 and the connecting part 16.The sealing surface 20 is formed by a shoulder 21 of the hub unit 19, against which the rotor carrier 13 abuts on one side and the connecting part 16 abuts on the other side. Thus, a crankshaft 101 of an internal combustion engine 100 is connectable to the rotor carrier 13 via the connecting part 16 and via the hub unit 19.The shoulder 21 of the hub unit 19 has, according to FIG. 4, a plurality of through-bores 22, in each of which a rivet N is arranged, which connects the hub unit 19 and the connecting part 16 of the rotor device 5 to one another in a rotationally fixed manner. In this case, the shoulder 21 projects outwards as viewed in the radial direction Y. In this way, a sealing surface 20 formed thereon can be manufactured in a simple manner.As is also shown in FIG. 4, the hub unit 19 also has a toothing 23, in which the rotor carrier 13 engages with corresponding counter toothing 23. The toothing 23 and the counter toothing 23 are designed without play.More precisely, the hub unit 19 has, together with the rotor carrier 13, a shaft-hub connection, with the aid of which a rotationally fixed connection between the hub unit 19 and the rotor carrier 13 is ensured.As can also be seen in FIG. 4, the rotor carrier 13 is clamped against the shoulder 21 by means of a shaft nut 24 via the bearing 15 and a sleeve.FIG. 4 also shows that the outer housing wall part 3 is designed for arranging the stator device 4, wherein the stator device 4 has a stator 26 and a stator carrier 27, to which the stator 26 is fastened radially on the inside and which is arranged radially on the outside on the at least one housing wall part 3.A cooling channel 28 is formed between the stator carrier 27 and the housing wall part 3 in order to dissipate operating heat of the stator 26.The stator carrier 27 is designed similar to a hollow cylinder, wherein the stator carrier 27 has a shoulder 29, with which it abuts against a shoulder 30 of the outer housing wall part 3.Furthermore, the stator carrier 27 has a plurality of grooves 31 radially on the outside for attaching sealing elements 32, so that a cooling channel 28 can be sealed in the axial direction X. Said sealing elements 32 of the stator carrier 27 are arranged in the grooves 31 thereof.The stator carrier 27 also has various passages 33 in the axial direction X, which, viewed in the radial direction Y, is arranged on the outside in order to screw the stator carrier 27 to the outer housing wall part 3.The shoulder of the stator carrier 27 abuts with the passages 33 on the outer housing wall part 3.The outer housing wall part 3 has a plurality of internal threads 34, into each of which a screw S is screwed in order to fasten the stator carrier 27 to the housing 2.It can also be seen in FIG. 4 that the stator carrier 27 has a chamfer 35 at an axial end or at an end, as viewed in the axial direction X, on which a seal 36 is arranged between the stator carrier 27 and the sealing device 6 or its sealing element 8. This can improve the sealing.In summary, it can be stated up to now that, with the aid of the configuration of an electric machine 1 as described above, two spatial sections A, B can be sealed with respect to one another by the sealing device 6 in such a way that dirt and water can pass from the spatial section A to the spatial section B even vice versa.Basically, FIG. 4 shows not only an electric machine 1, but rather a hybrid drive unit for a vehicle.This hybrid drive unit comprises the electric machine 1, as described above, and an internal combustion engine 100 (indicated merely by reference numerals) having a crankshaft 101 and a flexible disk part 102.According to FIG. 4, the flexible disk part 102 is arranged on the crankshaft 101 in a rotationally fixed manner and on the connecting part 16 of the rotor device 5 of the electric machine 1 in a rotationally fixed manner, such that the rotational energy of the internal combustion engine 100 can be transmitted via the crankshaft 101, the flexible disk part 102 and the connecting part 16 towards the hub unit 19 and via the rotor carrier 13 towards the rotor 12 in order to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.The flexible disk part 102 is fastened to the crankshaft 101 by means of screws S, wherein the flexible disk part 102 has a plurality of passages 103 on its outer side, viewed outwards in the radial direction Y, or on its radial outer side, through which a screw S is passed. Thus, the flexible disc member 102 is connected to the connecting member 16 of the rotor device 5.Also, FIG. 4 shows that the internal combustion engine 100 has a housing 104 and a radial shaft seal 105 that seals the inside of the housing 104 from the outside.By arranging the two housings 2, 104 on a parting plane T, the first spatial section A is delimited on the one hand by the housing of the electric machine 1 and on the other hand by the housing 104 of the internal combustion engine 100.A sealing of the two housings to one another at the parting plane T can thereby either be omitted or can be realized with little effort, since a complete sealing of the second space section B, in which the stator is arranged, has already taken place by the sealing device 6.A method for connecting an internal combustion engine 100 to an electric machine 1 will be described briefly below.Thus, first the crankshaft 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 and of the electric machine 1 are axially aligned on a common axis of rotation in order subsequently to connect the housings 2, 104 of the electric machine 1 and of the internal combustion engine 100 to one another. In this case, both housings 2, 104 meet at the parting plane T.Thereafter, the connecting part 16 of the rotor device 5 of the electric machine 1 is connected to the flexible disc part 102 of the internal combustion engine 100 by means of screws.For this purpose, before the connection part 16 is connected to the flexible pane part 102, an alignment of a passage 103 of the flexible pane part 102 with an internal thread 17 of the connection part 16 is carried out. In this way, by means of a screw S, which can be passed through an opening in the axial direction or through an axial opening (not shown) of the housing 104 of the internal combustion engine 100, the connecting part 16 and the flexible disk part 102 can be screwed on. A similar assembly is found in present day transducer machine connections.FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of an electric machine 1 for generating electrical energy for a hybrid vehicle according to a second exemplary embodiment.Identical to FIG. 4 and the first exemplary embodiment, the electric machine 1 according to FIG. 5 has a housing 2 with an opening E in the axial direction X or with an axial opening E for installing a stator 4 and a rotor device 5 and with an outer housing wall part 3 which delimits the electric machine 1 from the environment.Furthermore, the electric machine 1 has a stator device 4 which is arranged in the interior of the housing 2.In addition, the electric machine 1 has a rotor device 5 for connection to an internal combustion engine 100 (indicated merely by reference numerals), so that rotational energy of the internal combustion engine 100 can be converted into electrical energy by relative rotation of the rotor device 5 to the stator device 4.According to FIG. 5, the electric machine 1 has a sealing device 6, which closes the axial opening E of the housing 2 and divides the interior of the housing 2 in the axial direction X into two spatial sections A, B, so that a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine 100 can be connected to the rotor device 5 in the first spatial section A and the stator device 4 is arranged in the second spatial section B.The closing of the axial opening E of the housing 2 allows water to enter the first space section A between the internal combustion engine 100 and the electric machine 1 or its housing 2, 104, without the stator device 4 or its stator 26 being damaged. This is because the sealing device 6 protects the stator 26 or the stator device 4 from water and dirt. On the other hand, because of the sealing device 6, sealing of the stator device 4 of the electric machine 1 is possible with simple effort. Furthermore, the electric machine 1 can be tested in the factory with the aid of the sealing device 6 before assembly with an internal combustion engine 100. Consequently, an electric machine 1 with housing 2 can be provided which can be tested prior to assembly with an internal combustion engine and which is protected against the entry of water and / or dirt, even though the electric machine 1 is not yet assembled with an internal combustion engine 100 or its housing 104.With regard to the further explanations, reference is made to the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 in order to avoid unnecessary repetitions, which can be applied analogously here.Therefore, only the differences between the first and second embodiments will be discussed below.Firstly, when comparing FIGS. 4 and 5, it is to be noted that essentially two structural differences can be seen. Firstly with respect to the hub unit 19 and secondly with respect to the fastening of the sealing device 6 to the outer housing wall part 3.In FIG. 4, the shaped sealing element 8 has, at the end, viewed outwards in the radial direction Y or, at its radially outer end, a passage 10 for a screw S or a rivet, in order to produce a frictional or force-fit connection between sealing element 8 and housing 2.This passage 10 is missing from the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5. In the second exemplary embodiment, the sealing device 6 is therefore not secured to the housing 2 with screws, but rather is clamped in or pressed in or spread out on the housing 2. In this way, the sealing device 6 or the shaped sealing element 8 is arranged on the housing 2 in a rotationally rigid manner. Furthermore, fastening means such as screws or rivets can be dispensed with, as a result of which weight can be saved and the assembly is simplified.In contrast, in both exemplary embodiments, the stator carrier 27 has a chamfer 35 at an axial end or at an end, as viewed in the axial direction, at which chamfer a seal 36 is arranged between the stator carrier 27 and the sealing device 6.A further structural difference between the first and second exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 4 and 5 can be seen in the region of the hub unit 19.Both in FIG. 4 and in FIG. 5, the rotor device 5 has a hub unit 19 to which the rotor carrier 13 of the rotor device 5 is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner, which is designed for the rotationally fixed arrangement of a rotor 12 of the rotor device 5.Furthermore, a connecting part 16 of the rotor device 5 is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to the hub unit 19, which connecting part is designed for connection to a crankshaft 101.The hub unit 19 has a sealing surface 20 for a radial shaft seal 7, which is arranged between the rotor carrier 13 of the rotor device 5 and the connecting part 16 of the rotor device 5.The sealing surface 20 is formed by a shoulder 21 of the hub unit 19, against which the rotor carrier 13 abuts on one side and the connecting part 16 abuts on the other side, so that a crankshaft 101 of an internal combustion engine 100 can be connected to the rotor carrier 13 via the connecting part 16 and via the hub unit 19.Whereas the shoulder 21 now has a plurality of through-bores 22 according to FIG. 4, in each of which bores a rivet N is arranged, screws S are arranged in the through-bores 22 in FIG. 5.The screws S connect the hub unit 19, the rotor carrier 13 and the connecting part 16 of the rotor device 5 to one another in a rotationally fixed manner.A toothing 23 of the hub unit 19, as shown in FIG. 4, is not present with respect to the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5.Furthermore, in FIG. 5, the bearing 15 of the rotor device 5 is secured to the rotor carrier 13 by means of a securing ring 25, while in FIG. 4 the rotor carrier 13 is clamped against the shoulder 21 by means of a shaft nut 24.In the following, the figures will be described again in other words.Thus, the present invention is explained again in more detail and again below on the basis of the description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing.The drawing shows: FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a transmission with two electric machines in the prior art; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an enlarged detail of FIG. 1 ; FIG. 3 shows a schematic view, analogous to FIG. 2, of a further transmission with two electric machines in the prior art; FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a detail of a transmission with two electric machines according to a first embodiment; and FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a detail of a transmission with two electric machines according to a second embodiment.The description will be made of a first embodiment.FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a detail of a transmission with two electric machines according to the first embodiment.As shown in FIG. 4, an axially flexible plate 102 is connected to a crankshaft 101 via bolts S and is part of the internal combustion engine 100 (indicated only by reference numerals).A stator 26 of a first electric machine 1 is connected by means of a stator carrier 27 via, for example, screws S to a transmission housing 2 or to a housing of the electric machine 1.A coolant or cooling water channel or cooling channel 28 is delimited by the transmission housing 2 or by the housing 2 of the electric machine 1 and the stator carrier 27.A rotor 12 or, more precisely, a rotor carrier 13 of the first electric machine 1 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a very small hub or hub unit 19 via a tooth system 23 free of play.The rotor 12 of the first electric machine 1 is mounted in the transmission housing 2 or in the housing of the electric machine 1 via a rolling bearing or a bearing 15.The rolling bearing / bearing 15 is axially secured on the hub / hub unit 19 via a nut or shaft nut 24, for example.The hub / hub unit 19 is connected via a rivet N to a drive plate / flywheel or connecting part 16.Between the driving plate / flywheel or connecting part 16 and the rotor 12 there is a sealing plate or sealing element 8, which enables the separation between an unsealed or unsealed space A or a first space section A and a sealed space B or second space section B.On the inside, the sealing plate or sealing element 8 carries a radial shaft sealing ring or a radial shaft seal 7 for sealing against the hub / hub unit 19, on the outside an O-ring or a seal 36 is shown here by way of example, which makes possible the sealing with respect to the transmission housing or with respect to the outer housing wall part 3 of the housing 2 of the electric machine 1. Other types of sealing are possible. Likewise, the illustrated fixing of the sealing plate or sealing element 8 via screws S is only exemplary. Other solutions are possible, such as, for example, pressing the sealing plate or the sealing element 8 into the transmission housing or outer housing wall part 3 of the housing 2 of the electric machine 1 (cf. FIG. 5 ).An opening O in the housing allows water and / or other contaminants or foreign substances to enter the unsealed area A or the first area section A without the first electric machine 1 being damaged or contaminated as a result, since the sealing plate or sealing element 8 separates the unsealed area A or the first area section A from the sealed area B or from the second area section B.Note that even in a case where no explicit opening O is provided, sealing between the gear case or the housing 2 of the electric machine 1 and the motor case 104 or the housing 104 of the internal combustion engine / the internal combustion engine 100 is not required, because damage to or contamination of the first electric machine 1 by the sealing plate / sealing member 8 is prevented even when water and / or other contaminants or foreign substances enter the unsealed space A / first space portion A through a gap between the gear case 2 / housing 2 and the motor case / housing 104 of the internal combustion engine 100 or the internal combustion engine 100.Thus, sealing of the space A / first space section A formed by the transmission housing 2 or housing 2, the motor housing 104 or housing 104 and the sealing plate 8 or sealing element 8 to the external environment is explicitly dispensed with.The description will be made of a second embodiment.Note that the second embodiment is identical to the first embodiment except for the differences or changes described below.FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a section of a transmission with two electric machines according to the second embodiment.A drive plate / flywheel or connecting part 16, a rotor carrier 13 and a hub or hub unit 19 are connected to one another by means of screws S.Combinations such as riveting the hub / hub unit 19 to the rotor carrier 13 and screwing the driving plate / flywheel or connecting part 16 only to the hub or hub unit 19 are likewise possible.In both of the aforementioned embodiments, the connection of the first electric machine 1 to the crankshaft 101 takes place via screws S after the transmission or the electric machine 1 has been fastened to the internal combustion engine 100 or the internal combustion engine 100 (indicated merely by reference numerals).The following advantages are achieved by the above-mentioned embodiments:direct play-free, rotationally fixed connection of a rotor 12 of a first electric machine 1 to a crankshaft 101no intermediate switching of a torsion damperno special insulation expenditure for a stator 26 of the first electric machine 1permitting water and / or other foreign substances / contaminants to enter a space or a first space section A between an internal combustion engine 100 or an internal combustion engine 100 and a transmission or an electric machine 1 without contaminating or damaging the first electric machine 1final testing and, if appropriate, setting up of the transmission or the electric machine 1 including the function of the first electric machine 1 during or after assembly of the transmission / the electric machine 1Although the present invention has been described above by way of embodiments, it is to be understood that various configurations and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.With regard to further features and advantages of the present invention, express reference is made to the disclosure of the drawing.List of reference characters1 Electric machine 2 Housing 3 Outer housing wall part 4 Stator device 5 Rotor device 6 Sealing device 7 Radial shaft seal 8 Shaped sealing element 9 Receptacle 10 Passage 11 Receptacle 12 Rotor 13 Rotor carrier 14 Bearing receptacle 15 Bearing 16 Connecting part 17 Internal thread 18 Passage 19 Hub unit 20 Sealing surface 21 Shoulder of the hub unit 22 Through-bores 23 Toothing / counter toothing 24 Shaft nut 25 Securing ring 26 Stator 27 Stator carrier 28 Cooling channel 29 Shoulder of the stator carrier 30 Shoulder of the outer housing wall part 31 Grooves 32 Sealing elements 33 Passage 34 Internal thread of the outer housing wall part 35 Chamfer 36 Seal 37 Radial shaft sealing ring 100 Internal combustion engine 101 Crankshaft 102 Flexible disk part 103 Passage 104 Housing 105 Radial shaft seal A First spatial section (E machine space) B Second spatial section (Oil space) X Axial direction Y Radial direction E Opening N Rivet S Screw T Parting plane O Opening

Claims

Electric machine (1) for generating electrical energy for a hybrid vehicle, having: - a housing (2) having an axial opening (E) for installing a stator device (4) and a rotor device (5) and having at least one outer housing wall part (3) which delimits the electric machine (1) from the environment, - a stator device (4) which is arranged in the interior of the housing (2), - a rotor device (5) for connection to an internal combustion engine (100), such that rotational energy of the internal combustion engine (100) can be converted into electrical energy by relative rotation of the rotor device (5) to the stator device (4), wherein - the electric machine (1) has a sealing device (6), which closes the axial opening (E) of the housing (2) and divides the interior of the housing (2) in the axial direction (X) into two spatial sections (A, B), so that in a first spatial section (A) a crankshaft (101) of an internal combustion engine (100) can be connected to the rotor device (5) and in a second spatial section (B) the stator device (4) is arranged, characterized in that - the at least one outer housing wall part (3) is designed for arranging the stator device (4), - wherein the stator device (4) comprises a stator (26) and a stator carrier (27), to which the stator (26) is fastened radially on the inside and which is arranged radially on the outside on the at least one housing wall part (3), and - wherein the stator carrier (27) has a chamfer (35) at an axial end, on which a seal (36) is arranged between the stator support (27) and the sealing device (6) or its sealing element (8).Electric machine according to Claim 1, - wherein the sealing device (6) is arranged within the housing (2) and extends from the at least one outer housing wall part (3) towards the rotor device (5), and - wherein the sealing device (6) sealingly bears against the at least one outer housing wall part (3) and against the rotor device (5).Electric machine according to Claim 1 or 2, - wherein the sealing device (6) comprises a radial shaft seal (7) and a shaped sealing element (8), the course of which is of funnel-shaped design, and / or - wherein the sealing element (8) forms a receptacle (11) for a radial shaft seal (7) of the sealing device (6) at its radially inner end and is designed such that the radial shaft seal (7) can be clamped with a prestressing force against a sealing surface (20) of a hub unit (19) of the rotor device (5).Electric machine according to one of the preceding claims, - wherein the rotor device (5) has a rotor (12) and a rotor carrier (13) which are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner, - wherein the rotor device (5) has a connecting part (16) which is designed for the connection to a crankshaft (101) of an internal combustion engine (100), and - wherein the connecting part (16) has at least one passage (18) on its radial inner side for frictional and / or positive connection to a hub unit (19) of the rotor device (5).Electric machine according to one of the preceding claims, - wherein the rotor device (5) has a hub unit (19), to which a rotor carrier (13) of the rotor device (5) is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner, which carrier is designed for the rotationally fixed arrangement of a rotor (12) of the rotor device (5), and to which a connecting part (16) of the rotor device (5) is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner, which connecting part is designed for the connection to a crankshaft (101).Electric machine according to Claim 5, - wherein the hub unit (19) has a sealing surface (20) for a radial shaft seal (7) of the sealing device (6), and wherein the sealing surface (20) is arranged between a rotor carrier (13) of the rotor device (5) and a connecting part (16) of the rotor device (5), and / or - wherein the hub unit (19) has a shoulder (21) against which the rotor carrier (13) rests on one side and the connecting part (16) rests on the other side, such that a crankshaft (101) of an internal combustion engine (100) can be connected to the rotor carrier (13) via the connecting part (16) and via the hub unit (19).Electric machine according to Claim 5 or 6, - wherein the hub unit (19) has a toothing (23), in which the rotor carrier (13) engages with corresponding counter toothing (23), and wherein the toothing (23) and counter toothing (23) are designed to be free of play, and / or - wherein the hub unit (19), together with the rotor carrier (13), has a shaft-hub connection, with the aid of which a rotationally fixed connection between the hub unit (19) and the rotor carrier (13) is ensured.Hybrid drive unit for a vehicle, having: - an electric machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, and - an internal combustion engine (100) having a crankshaft (101) and a flexible disc part (102), - wherein the flexible disc part (102) is arranged on the crankshaft (101) in a rotationally fixed manner and on the connecting part (16) of the rotor device (5) of the electric machine (1) in a rotationally fixed manner, such that the rotational energy of the internal combustion engine (100) can be transmitted via the crankshaft (101), the flexible disc part (102) and the connecting part (16) towards the hub unit (19) and via the rotor carrier (13) towards the rotor (12) in order to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.Method for connecting an internal combustion engine (100) to an electric machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, having the following steps: - axial alignment of a crankshaft (101) of an internal combustion engine (100) and an electric machine (1) on a common axis of rotation, - connection of the housings (2, 104) of the electric machine (1) and of the internal combustion engine (100), and - connection of the connection part (16) of the rotor device (5) of the electric machine (1) by means of screws to the flexible disc part (102) of the internal combustion engine (100).

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