Retrieval device for recovering a component from a drill string and method for recovering a component from a drill string

Abstract

A retrieval device (10) for retrieving a component from a drill string, comprising two latch parts (12) arranged at a lower end (11) of the retrieval device (10) and rotatable about an axis (13) for grasping the component, and a rope holder (15) arranged at an upper end (14) of the retrieval device (10) for attaching a rope (40), characterized by a pressure element (37) by which the two latch parts (12) can be brought into a release position by applying mechanical pressure, wherein the pressure element (37) is fixedly connected to a locking base (35) which can be pre-tensioned by means of at least one spring (21) against a tension element (19) which is connected to the rope holder (15), wherein the locking base (35) has at least one or two locking inserts (32) and the at least one locking insert (32) can be screwed to the locking base (35).and wherein the at least one grid insert (32) has an elongated hole-like recess (33) with at least one nose-like protrusion (34).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a retrieval device for recovering a component from a drill string according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for recovering a component from a drill string according to the preamble of claim 12.

[0002] Various applications in drilling technology exist where a component needs to be retrieved from a drill pipe or drill string. One example of such a technology is wireline core drilling. In this process, a drilled core is picked up by an inner core tube in the so-called bottom hole assembly. After the core has been retrieved, the inner core tube is pulled out of the drill string for further analysis. A retrieval device is used for this purpose. This device is typically attached to a cable and is inserted into the drill string while suspended from it. In wireline core drilling, the retrieval device is coupled to the inner core tube, and the inner core tube is then pulled out of the drill string using the retrieval device's cable.

[0003] Known retrieval devices are manually detached from the inner core tube by a drilling rig operator after the inner core tube or core has been recovered, and then prepared for the next recovery operation.

[0004] In remotely controlled drilling operations, for example with a seabed drilling rig that is deployed on the seabed and remotely controlled from a ship, the retrieval device must be designed so that it can be detached from the inner core tube and prepared for further use without manual assistance from a drilling rig operator. Such a retrieval device is described, for example, in DE 10 2008 002 835 A1.

[0005] A similar catching device is known from US 1,402,677 A1. This catching device discloses two bodies which are pushed apart by springs. During normal operation, the springs are tensioned and the bodies are rigidly connected to each other by a hook. When a trigger at the lower end of the catching device is activated, the hook is released and the bodies move apart due to spring forces, with curved rods automatically closing the jaws of the catching device.

[0006] A disadvantage of known retrieval devices is that detaching them from the inner core tube within the drill string is not easily possible. The retrieval device can only be disconnected from the inner core tube outside the drill string without significant effort. This poses a particular problem when the inner core tube becomes jammed or jammed by sand deposited in the drill string, and the cable's pulling force is insufficient to clear the blockage. In such cases, the entire drilling process usually has to be aborted. Aborting the process is not only time-consuming and costly, but also results in a considerable loss of material.

[0007] The invention is based on the objective of creating a retrieval device and a method for retrieving a component from a drill string, with which even jammed components, such as an inner core tube, can be retrieved from the drill string without the need for manual assistance from a drill rig operator to release or prepare the retrieval device.

[0008] A retrieval device for solving this problem has the features of claim 1. The claimed retrieval device is suitable for retrieving components, such as an inner core tube, from a drill string. To allow the retrieval device to move freely within the drill string, the largest outer diameter of the retrieval device is smaller than the inner diameter of the drill string. It has proven advantageous for the retrieval device to be cylindrical, with a holder or rope holder for attaching a rope provided at an upper end of the cylindrical retrieval device. At the opposite lower end of the retrieval device, a coupling for detachable connection to the component is provided. This coupling can be designed as two latch parts rotatably mounted about an axis. It is known that these latch parts engage around a coupling element of the component to retrieve the component.This coupling element can, for example, be a mushroom-shaped pin enclosed by the two latch parts. In the embodiment described here, these latch parts are provided with a release mechanism to detach them from the coupling element from the outside, even within the drill string, without manual intervention. For this purpose, a pressure element is arranged within the locking device, which allows the two latch parts to be moved into a receiving position by applying mechanical pressure. This pressure element is rigidly connected to a locking base, which can be pre-tensioned against a tension element by means of at least one mechanical spring. The tension element is connected to the cable holder. The locking base has at least one or two locking inserts, with the at least one locking insert having an elongated slot-like cam with at least one nose-like protrusion.The pressure element, the locking base, and the pull element are all arranged at least largely parallel to a longitudinal axis of the retrieval device. Applying a mechanical force allows the pull element to move relative to the locking base or the pressure element, thereby bringing the latch components into a receiving or closing position. This allows the component to be decoupled from the retrieval device even within the drill string if it becomes jammed. After decoupling the retrieval device from the component, any tilting within the drill string can be corrected, for example, by applying a mechanical force to the component, and the recovery process can then continue. In the assembled state, the pull element, or rather its recess, is positioned above the cam or cams of the locking inserts, and the pull element is freely movable relative to these inserts.The locking element of the pull-element hook moves against the locking insert within the cam when the pull-element is moved relative to each other. Depending on the state of the catch or the latch parts, the pin-like locking element moves up and down within the elongated slot of the cam or engages in the nose-like protrusion of the cam. The cam can preferably be aligned parallel to a longitudinal axis of the catch.

[0009] A preferred embodiment provides that the plate-like pulling element has a recess. A pulling element hook can be inserted into this recess and is freely movable within it. The movement of the pulling element hook is limited only by the shape of the recess. This pulling element hook, in conjunction with the locking base and the pressure element, enables various locking positions between the locking base and the pressure element.

[0010] Furthermore, it is preferably conceivable that the pulling element hook has a hook side with which it can be hooked into the pulling element via a projection of the recess, and an opposite side of the pulling element hook has a locking element, preferably pin-like. This locking element has at least one projection, in particular a pin, perpendicular to a plane of the pulling element hook or the pulling element and transverse to a longitudinal axis of the catching device. This projection does not move within the recess, but rather extends beyond the surface of the pulling element. It can be provided that the pin-like projection extends to both sides of the pulling element hook. By means of the hook side of the pulling element hook engaging with the projection, the locking element can be moved along a circular segment and thus moved into different locking positions.

[0011] In particular, the invention provides that the pulling element has an anchor-like widening at a lower end, which is larger than the diameter of the spring. The spring is mounted between an upper stop on the catch device and the widening of the pulling element. Specifically, the spring is arranged around the pulling element. By moving the pulling element upwards or by exerting a tensile force on the pulling element via the rope, the spring is compressed and tensioned.

[0012] Preferably, at least one locking insert is screwable to the locking base.

[0013] A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the pulling element is assigned at least one, preferably two, pulling element clamps, each having a cam and at least one spring element acting transversely to the longitudinal axis of the catching device. The cam of the at least one plate-like pulling element clamp is designed such that it corresponds, at least partially, to the shape of the cam of the at least one detent insert and the recess of the pulling element. On a lower side, the cam has a receptacle for the detent element, in which the detent element can be fixed in three directions and is open only at the top. The spring element is an integral part of the pulling element clamp, extending laterally along the pulling element clamp.

[0014] Preferably, the pulling element has at least one, in particular two, three, or four, elongated holes aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the locking device, in which the at least one pulling element clamp can be guided. In the assembled state, the one pulling element clamp is positioned between the pulling element and a part of the locking base. It is also conceivable that one pulling element clamp is positioned on each side of the pulling element. The at least one pulling element clamp has pins that allow it to move within the elongated holes of the pulling element parallel to the longitudinal axis of the locking device. Furthermore, due to the design of the elongated holes, the at least one pulling element clamp is also movable transversely to the longitudinal axis of the locking device.

[0015] The at least one tension element clamp is brought into contact with the tension element such that the cam of the tension element clamp partially coincides with the recess of the tension element and the cam of the at least one detent insert. The pin-like detent element of the tension element hook is dimensioned such that it projects beyond the tension element into both the cam of the at least one detent insert and the cam of the at least one tension element clamp. The cam of the tension element clamp acts as a guide for the detent element of the tension element hook. The spring element of the at least one tension element clamp allows the detent element to be moved into a specific position within the cam of the detent insert, transverse to the longitudinal axis of the catching device.The spring element of the pull-element clamp ensures that, at a specific relative position of the pull-element to the detent insert, the locking mechanism of the pull-element hook is pressed into the recess of the detent insert, thus locking it in place. This mechanism ultimately allows the latch components to be opened and closed even within the drill string.

[0016] Another embodiment of the invention provides that the pressure element can be pre-tensioned relative to the latch parts by a spring. This additional spring moves the pressure element from a position that spreads the latch parts open back into a position that causes the latch parts to close.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the pressure element has two flanks converging towards the latch parts, allowing the two latch parts to be rotatable about one of these flanks. It is conceivable that each latch part is rotatably mounted about its own flank or about a common flank. The flanks are designed such that when pressure is applied to the latch parts by the pressure element, they are moved outwards, allowing the component to be released or gripped. Preferably, the flanks spread the latch parts open just enough so that they do not touch, or only just touch, the inner wall of the drill string.

[0018] A solution to the aforementioned problem is described by the measures of claim 12. Accordingly, it is provided that a retrieval device according to claim 1 is used to retrieve a component from a drill string. For this purpose, two latch parts of the retrieval device are guided over a coupling element of the component to grasp the component, with the latch parts coupling to the coupling element for retrieving the component. According to the invention, the coupling between the component and the retrieval device within the drill string is released by alternating tension relief and pressure application to the retrieval device. This allows the retrieval device to be released in the event of any tilting of the component in the drill string, in order to correct the tilting and still retrieve the component with the retrieval device.

[0019] In particular, it can be provided that, after coupling between the latching parts and the coupling means, a pulling element of the retrieval device is pulled upwards by a rope relative to a locking base connected to a pressure element, in the opposite direction to the latching parts of the retrieval device, which is blocked, in particular, in the drill string, and is thereby spring-tensioned against the locking base, whereby the pressure element is preferably not pulled all the way to an upper stop. Due to the blockage of the component in the drill string, a greater tensile force is exerted on the component by means of the retrieval device than in a recovery process without blockage of the component. The blockage of the component causes the pressure element to be pulled upwards, which generates a particularly high mechanical tension in the spring. This upward pulling of the pressure element moves a pulling element hook with a locking means inside the pulling element upwards.The locking element is guided within an elongated hole-like framework of at least one locking insert, but not all the way to the top.

[0020] Furthermore, when the pulling element is pulled upwards, at least one pulling element clamp, which is connected to the pulling element via elongated holes, is also pulled upwards. This at least one pulling element clamp also has a cam in which the locking element of the pulling element hook moves. Due to a spring in the pulling element clamp, the locking element is pressed into a lug-like recess in the cam of the at least one locking insert after the pull is released. However, when the pulling element is pulled upwards, the locking element is located in a recess in the cam of the pulling element clamp and is thus pulled upwards along the elongated cam of the locking insert. In this step, the locking element is pulled upwards just enough so that it lies above the lug-like recess of the cam of the locking insert and not all the way to the upper end or stop of the cam.

[0021] When the cable is immediately released or the spring relaxes, the pull element is pushed back into its starting position. This causes the locking mechanism to move downwards within the catch of the locking insert. The spring of the pull element clamp then presses the locking mechanism into the lug-like recess of the locking insert. This locks the pull element against the locking base. As a result, the combined length of the locking base and pull element is greater than the combined length in the starting position. Due to this extension, and the still-tensioned spring, the pressure element is pressed against the latch parts, causing them to spread apart. This spreading action releases the component. The catch can now be removed by the drill string. The component's blockage can then be resolved using additional tools.

[0022] Furthermore, the invention may provide that, by pulling the rope or a pulling element again, the decoupled catch is pulled upwards, preferably against a stop, thereby releasing the locking mechanisms between the pulling element and the locking base. Crucially, the spring is compressed in such a way that the locking element moves to the upper end of the locking insert's cam. This also pulls the pulling element clamp all the way to the top.

[0023] When the tension is released again from this maximum position, the return movement of the pull element clamp is delayed compared to the return movement of the detent due to the elongated holes. Therefore, the detent is not pressed back into the nose-like indentation of the detent insert's cam. Instead, the detent moves back to its starting position, which also restores the overall length of the pull element and the detent base to their original value. In this position, the latch parts are not pressed open by the pressure element, but rather remain in the closed position.

[0024] The alternating tension and release on the tensioning element allows the component to be engaged and released by the latching parts within the drill string via the prescribed locking mechanism. This enables the retrieval device to be recovered even if the component becomes jammed within the drill string.

[0025] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1. A representation of a trapping device, Fig. 1A a view of the trapping device according to the Fig. 1, Fig. 2 an exploded view of the trapping device according to the Fig. 1, Fig. 3 a representation of the trapping device according to the Fig. 1, Fig. 3A a view of the trapping device according to the Fig. 3, Fig. 4. a section through the trapping device according to the Fig. 1A, Fig. 5 a section through the trapping device according to the Fig. 1A, Fig. 6 a section through the trapping device according to the Fig. 3A Fig. 7A a representation of a first procedural step, Fig. 7B a representation of a second procedural step, Fig. 7C a representation of a third process step, Fig. 7D shows a representation of a fourth process step, and Fig. 7E a representation of a fifth procedural step.

[0026] In the Fig. Figure 1 shows a possible embodiment of a catch device 10. The catch device 10 has two latch parts 12 at a lower end 11, which are pivotably mounted about an axis 13. At an upper end 14, a [missing element] is located in the Fig. 1. A non-visible rope support 15 is arranged, over which the catch device 10 can be moved up and down in a drill string (also not shown) by means of a rope (not shown).

[0027] To retrieve a component, for example an inner core tube, from a drill string, the retrieval device 10 is moved within the drill string towards the component, whereby the latch parts 12 are brought into a detachable connection with a coupling element of the component. This coupling element can, for example, be mandrel-shaped, with the two latch parts 12 being able to engage around this mandrel to retrieve the component.

[0028] The one in Fig. The trap 10 shown in Figure 1 has an upper sleeve 16 and a lower sleeve 17. These two sleeves 16 and 17, which can be slid over the trap 10 parallel to a longitudinal axis 18, protect the other components of the device, in particular the coupling mechanism, from external mechanical and chemical influences. Furthermore, a cover 36 of the trap 10 and the latch parts 12 are held at a constant distance from each other by the sleeves 16 and 17.

[0029] Typically, all components of the safety device 10 are made of stainless steel. However, it is also conceivable that at least some components, especially spring components, are made of a different material.

[0030] In the Fig. Figure 2 shows an exploded view of the most important elements of the catch device 10. It should be expressly noted that not all components or elements are shown in this illustration. In particular, screws, washers, or other items that are not relevant to the principle of the invention have not been shown for the sake of clarity. Likewise, not all of the items shown have been assigned a reference number.

[0031] A key component of the catch device 10 is the tension element 19. This plate-like tension element 19 is elongated and has an anchor-like widening 20 at one lower end. This widening 20 is larger than the outer diameter of a spring 21, which is guided over the tension element 19 when assembled. The tension element 19 also has a recess 22. In addition to the recess 22, the following are located in the Fig. In the embodiment of the tension element 19 shown in Figure 2, four elongated holes 23 are provided which are oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis 18 of the catch device 10.

[0032] The recess 22 of the pulling element 19 is shaped such that a pulling element hook 25 can be positioned over a projection 24. This pulling element hook 25 has essentially the same thickness as the pulling element 19. The pulling element hook 25 is positioned over the projection 24 with one hook side 26. On the opposite side, the pulling element hook 25 has a pin-like locking element 27. This locking element 27 extends over the plane of the pulling element 19, preferably in both directions. Through the interaction of the pulling element hook 25 and the projection 24 of the recess 22, the locking element 27 can be pivoted along a circular path.

[0033] In the embodiment shown here, two tension element clamps 28 are associated with the tension element 19. These tension element clamps 28, which are also plate-like, each have a cam 29. This cam 29 has a rectangular recess 30 at one lower end, into which the locking element 27 of the tension element hook 25 can be inserted. Furthermore, the tension element clamps 28 each have a spring element 31, which is formed by an integral extension. The spring action of these spring elements 31 is directed transversely to the longitudinal axis 18 of the catch device 10. In addition, the tension element clamps 28 each have four pins with which they can be guided into the elongated holes 23 of the tension element 19. It is conceivable that the two tension element clamps 28 are connected to each other via these pins through the elongated holes 23 of the tension element 19.

[0034] A further essential component of the catching device 10 according to the invention is formed by the at least one, preferably two, locking inserts 32. This at least one locking insert 32 has an elongated slot-like cam 33. This cam 33 extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 18 of the catching device 10 over several centimeters of the plate-like locking insert 32. In addition, this cam 33 has a nose-like protrusion 34. This nose-like protrusion 34 is arranged centrally on the cam 33 and faces obliquely towards the lower end 17.

[0035] The at least one or two indexing inserts 32 can be screwed to an indexing base 35, with each indexing insert 32 being screwed to an opposite indexing base 35. The cams 33 and the protrusions 34 of the indexing insert 32 are oriented in the same way.

[0036] In the assembled state, the pull element 19, including the pull element clamps 28 and the pull element hook 25, is clamped so as to be freely movable between the locking base 35 and between the locking inserts 32. The aforementioned components are assembled in such a way that the locking element 27 of the pull element hook 25 is located within the recesses 33 or the indentations 34 of the locking inserts 32.

[0037] The spring 21 is then fitted over the aforementioned components assembled in this way, and is clamped between the widening 20 of the tension element 19 and a cover 36.

[0038] The detent base 35 is also rigidly connected to a pressure element 37. This pressure element 37 consists of a bolt connected to the detent base 35 and an end piece having two downwardly converging flanks 38. A further spring 39 is fitted over the bolt, creating a preload between the detent base 35 and the sleeve 17. The flanks 38 are designed such that when pressure is exerted on the latch parts 12 by the pressure element 37, the latch parts 12 are spread apart due to the convergence of the flanks 38. When the pressure element 37 is moved upwards again, the latch parts 12 return to their initial position. A spring may be provided to assist the return movement of the latch parts 12.

[0039] The pulling element 19 is attached to the rope holder 15. A rope, rod, or other pulling device can be attached to this rope holder 15. By applying tension to the rope holder 15, the pulling element 19 is moved upwards against the spring force of the spring 21. The locking and unlocking mechanism triggered by this action is described below.

[0040] The Fig. Figure 3 shows the locking device 10 without the upper sleeve 16 in the open position of the latch parts 12. This illustration makes it particularly clear how the spring 21 is arranged around the detent base 35 and the tension element 19 located within the detent base 35. It is also evident how the tension spring 21 is compressed by the widening 20 of the tension element 19.

[0041] In the Fig. 4 is a sectional view according to the Fig. 1A shown. Fig. The latching device 10 shown in Figure 4 is in the closed position of the latch parts 12. In this position, the pressure element 37, or rather the flanks 38 of the pressure element 37, are out of contact with the latch parts 12. The spring 21 is not pre-tensioned in this state. It is also evident that the pull element hook 25 is slightly inclined within the recess 22 of the pull element 19, with the locking element 27 located in the elongated recess 33 of the locking insert 32. The rear pull element clamp 28 with its four connecting pins can be discerned through the elongated slots 23 of the pull element 19.

[0042] Through the Fig. 5. A cut will be made according to the Fig. Figure 1A illustrates the positioning of the locking insert 32, the elongated slot-like cam 33, and the bulge 34. Further details can be found in the description accompanying the... Fig. 4 referred.

[0043] If in the Fig. In the initial situation shown in Figure 4, when tension is exerted on the rope holder 15, the pulling element 19 is pulled upwards against the spring force of the spring 21. The locking element 27 moves within the elongated slot 33 of the non-moving locking insert 32. The at least one locking insert 32, or the locking base 35, and the pressure element 37 do not move during this pulling action, as the entire lower end 11 is fixed relative to the cover 36 by the upper sleeve 16.

[0044] During the pulling movement, the pulling element 19 is only pulled upwards until the locking device 27 is at the level of the recess 34 of the locking insert 32. In this position, the locking device 27 is pressed into the recess 34 by the spring element 31 of the pulling element clamps 28. This situation is in the Fig. 6 shown. If the orientations of the pull element hook 25 are in the Fig. 4 and Fig. A comparison of the two images reveals that the pull element hook 25 or the locking element 27 has rotated counterclockwise or been pushed to the right by the spring element 31. In this position, the locking element 27 is locked in the recess 30 of the cam 29. With further release of the spring 21, the locking base 35, together with the pressure element 37, is moved downwards. This causes the flanks 38 to slide onto the latch parts 12, which then spread open. This spreading of the latch parts 12 releases the captured component. The retrieval device 10 can now be pulled out of the drill string by the pull element (not shown) and prepared for a new recovery process.

[0045] When the catch 10 is pulled upwards against a stop that blocks the cover 36, the locking element 27 moves from the recess 30 to the upper end of the cam 29, and the spring 21 is tensioned again. Simultaneously, the pull element clamps 28 are pulled upwards to their maximum extent by the pull element 19. When the spring 21 is released again, the locking element 27 of the pull element hook 25 moves downwards along the elongated cam 33. Since the pull element clamps 28 are only pushed downwards when the pins abut the upper stops of the elongated holes 23 of the pull element 19, the locking element 27 is not pushed into the recess 34 during this movement, but rather guided past it. The catch 10 is now again in the position according to the Fig. 4. By comparing the catching device 10 in the Fig. 4 and Fig. Figure 6 shows that the locking mechanisms temporarily increase the overall length consisting of the pressure element 37 and the tension element 19, so that the flanks 38 can come into contact with the latch parts 12.

[0046] Through the Fig. Figures 7A to 7E present a highly schematic representation of the aforementioned method according to the invention. It should be expressly noted that the catching device 10 shown in these figures differs from the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 6 is greatly simplified and does not include all details.

[0047] In the Fig. 7A is a lightning arrester according to the Fig. 1 shown, which is connected to a rope 40. The Fig. 7B essentially represents the Fig. Figure 4 shows the initial situation. The spring 21 is relaxed and the pawl parts 12 are closed. In this position, the pawl parts 12 can engage a coupling element of the component and pull it upwards. Due to its own weight and further frictional forces between the component and the drill string, a counterforce acts on the pawl parts 12, which is expressed in the Fig. 7B is symbolized by the arrow pointing towards 44. If a component is blocked in the drill string, this counterforce, as indicated by the arrow pointing towards 44, is greater than if the component is recovered without being blocked.

[0048] In the Fig. Figure 7C shows how the pulling element 19 is pulled upwards in direction 41 against the spring force of the spring 21, and, due to the component's blockage, is pulled further than in a trouble-free retrieval process. The pulling force required here in direction 41 exceeds the force needed to retrieve the component without blockage. During this upward pulling, the pulling element 19 shifts relative to the detent base 35, which is connected to the pressure element 37. In this position, the pulling element 19 engages with the detent insert 32, as described in the section on... Fig. 6 described. This indexing is not achieved when the component is retrieved without interference. If the spring 21 is now, as described in Fig. As shown in 7D, when relieved of tension, the tension element 19 moves downwards in the direction 42. Due to the interlocking mechanism between the tension element 19, the locking base 35, and the pressure element 37, the flanks 38 are pushed over the latch parts 12, thereby spreading the latch parts 12 and releasing the component.

[0049] The following, as in the one in the Fig. As can be seen in the sketched step 7E, the pulling element 19 is pulled upwards again in direction 43, via the position according to the Fig. 7C outwards, specifically against a stop that acts in direction 45 on the locking device 10. This releases the locking mechanism between the tension element 19 and the locking insert 32. Upon renewed tension release of the spring 21, the locking device 10 returns to its initial position as described above. Fig.7B offset. The catch device 10 or the latch parts 12 are now ready again to slide over a coupling element of a component and enclose it. Reference symbol list: 10 Catching device 11 lower end 12 Jack part 13th axis 14 upper end 15 rope holders 16 upper sleeve 17 lower sleeve 18 Longitudinal axis 19 Pull element 20 Widening 21 spring 22 Exclusion 23 Slotted Hole 24 lead 25 pull-element hooks 26 hook side 27 Resting agents 28 Tension element clamp 29 Scenery 30 Exclusion 31 Spring element 32 Raster insert 33 Scenery 34 Bulge 35 Rastbasis 36 lids 37 Pressure element 38 Flank 39 spring 40 rope 41 direction 42 direction 43 direction 44 direction 45 direction

Claims

[1] Catching device (10) for retrieving a component from a drill string, comprising two latch parts (12) arranged at a lower end (11) of the catching device (10) and rotatable about an axis (13) for grasping the component, and a rope holder (15) arranged at an upper end (14) of the catching device (10) for attaching a rope (40), characterized bya pressure element (37) by which the two latch parts (12) can be brought into a release position by applying mechanical pressure, wherein the pressure element (37) is firmly connected to a detent base (35) which can be pre-tensioned against a tension element (19) connected to the rope holder (15) by means of at least one spring (21), wherein the detent base (35) has at least one or two detent inserts (32) and the at least one detent insert (32) can be screwed to the detent base (35), and wherein the at least one detent insert (32) has an elongated cam (33) with at least one nose-like protrusion (34). [2] Catching device (10) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the pull element (19) has a recess (22) into which a pull element hook (25) can be inserted. [3] Catching device (10) according to claim 2, characterized by, that the pull element hook (25) has a hook side (26) with which it can be hooked over a projection (24) of the recess (22) and an opposite side of the pull element hook (25) has a locking means (27), preferably pin-like. [4] Catching device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the tension element (19) has an anchor-like widening (20) at a lower end which is larger than the diameter of the spring (21). [5] Catching device (10) according to claims 1 and 3, characterized by , that the cam (33) and the bulge (34) are dimensioned such that the locking means (27) of the pull element hook (25) is freely movable in it, wherein the cam (33) is preferably aligned parallel to a longitudinal axis (18) of the catch device (10). [6] Catching device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that at least one, preferably two, tension element clamps (28) can be assigned to the tension element (19) with a cam (29) and at least one spring element (31) that acts perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (18) of the catching device (10). [7] Catching device (10) according to claim 6, characterized by that the pulling element (19) has at least one, in particular two, three or four, elongated holes (23) which are aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis (18) of the catching device (10) and into which the at least one pulling element clamp (28) can be guided. [8] Catching device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the pressure element (37) can be preloaded relative to the latch parts (12) by a spring (39). [9] Catching device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that a lower area of ​​the catching device (10) can be covered by a lower sleeve (17) and an upper area by an upper sleeve (16). [10] Catching device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the pressure element (37) has two converging flanks (38) by which the two latch parts (12) are rotatable about the, preferably common, axis (13), wherein the flanks (38) are designed such that the latch parts (12) are moved outwards in such a way that the component can be grasped or released. [11] Method for retrieving a component from a drill string with a retrieval device (10) according to claim 1, wherein, for grasping the component, two latch parts (12) of the retrieval device (10) are guided over a coupling means of the component and the latch parts (12) couple with the coupling means for retrieving the component, characterized by , that the coupling between the component and the catch device (10) within the drill string is released by alternating tension relief and tension application to the catch device (10). [12] Method according to claim 11, characterized by , that after the coupling between the latch parts (12) and the coupling means, a pull element (19) of the catch device (10) is pulled upwards by a rope (40) relative to a locking base (35) connected with a pressure element (37) against the latch parts (12), the catch device (12) which is blocked in particular in the drill string, and is thereby spring-loaded against the locking base (35). [13] Method according to claim 12, characterized by , that when the rope (40) is relieved and the spring (21) is relaxed, a locking element (27) of the pulling element (19) engages in at least one locking insert (32) of the locking base (35), whereby the total length of the locked pulling element (19) and the locking base (35) is greater than in the initial position. [14] Method according to claim 13, characterized by , that when the spring (21) is released, the pressure element (37) is moved towards the latch parts (12) and opens them to release the component. [15] Method according to claim 14, characterized by , that when the rope (40) or the pulling element (19) is pulled again, the decoupled catch device (10) is pulled upwards, preferably against a stop, whereby the locking between the pulling element (19) and the locking base (35) is released. [16] Method according to claim 15, characterized by , that when the catch device (10) is lowered again within the drill string, the locking element (27) of the pulling element (19) is moved back to its original position within the at least one locking insert (32) and the latch parts (12) are coupled again with a coupling element of a component.

Images