System for decoupling a vehicle-mounted coupling unit

Abstract

The invention relates to a system (100) for decoupling a vehicle-mounted first coupling unit (12) of an electrically operated vehicle from a second coupling unit (14) of a vehicle-external charging device (200), which is designed for electrically charging an energy storage device of the vehicle (10) by means of an electrical and mechanical contacting of the second coupling unit (14) with the corresponding first coupling unit (12) of the vehicle (10), comprising a decoupling device (20) which is designed to release the electrical and mechanical contacting from inside the vehicle (10) after activation. The invention further relates to a vehicle (10) and a charging device (200).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a system for decoupling a vehicle-mounted first coupling unit of an electrically operated vehicle from a second coupling unit of a vehicle-external charging device, as well as a vehicle and a charging device.

[0002] Devices are known that prevent unwanted entry of persons outside the vehicle, so that the vehicle also represents a kind of "protective space" for the owner or driver of the vehicle.

[0003] Electrically powered vehicles, such as plug-in hybrid vehicles or purely battery-electric vehicles, have a type of "immobilizer" implemented so that when the vehicles are plugged into a charging station to recharge their energy storage system, the vehicle or the driver cannot drive away as long as the charging station plug is connected, as otherwise the vehicle and / or the charging station could be severely damaged or even destroyed.

[0004] In a dangerous situation, the driver can therefore flee into the vehicle and lock it, but he cannot drive away with the vehicle while charging is in progress in order to escape the dangerous situation.

[0005] DE 10 2014 006 345 A1 discloses a motor vehicle which has a decoupling device designed to automatically release the mechanical contact of a charging socket of the vehicle with a charging plug of an external charging device according to a predetermined criterion, for example a vehicle start.

[0006] One object of the invention is to create an improved system for decoupling a vehicle-mounted first coupling unit of an electrically operated vehicle from a second coupling unit of an external charging device.

[0007] Another task is to create a vehicle for such an improved system.

[0008] Another task is to create a charging device for such an improved system.

[0009] The aforementioned tasks are solved using the characteristics of independent claims.

[0010] Favorable embodiments and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the further claims, the description and the drawing.

[0011] According to one aspect of the invention, a system is proposed for decoupling a vehicle-mounted first coupling unit of an electrically powered vehicle from a second coupling unit of an external charging device. The second coupling unit is designed for electrically charging an energy storage device of the vehicle by electrically and mechanically connecting the second coupling unit to the corresponding first coupling unit of the vehicle. The system comprises a decoupling device configured to release the electrical and mechanical connection from within the vehicle after activation.

[0012] The first coupling unit of the vehicle can, for example, be a standard vehicle-mounted charging socket, while the second coupling unit is a corresponding charging plug from a charging cable of the vehicle's external charging device. During the charging process, the charging plug is inserted into the charging socket and locked in place. The charging cable with the charging plug can optionally also be mounted on a movable charging arm of the charging device.

[0013] The proposed system represents a kind of "ejection device" for the vehicle connected to the charging station's charging cable. This means that the plugged-in charging connector does not need to be manually unlocked from the outside, for example, via a button in the charging recess, and then disconnected from the vehicle. Instead, an "emergency button" or "emergency switch" can be pressed via a button / switch in the interior or via a control panel on the vehicle's display unit. This interrupts the charging process, automatically unlocks the charging connector, and pushes it out of the charging socket, thus disconnecting the vehicle and allowing it to drive off without damaging the charging station, the vehicle, or any of its components.

[0014] The advantages of the proposed system are that the driver can "escape" directly into the vehicle's interior and no longer needs to leave the electric vehicle connected to a charging station to disconnect the charging cable. This saves the driver time, as they can go directly inside the vehicle and no longer have to disconnect the vehicle from the charging cable and then walk around the vehicle to get inside.

[0015] This is particularly relevant if the driver is in a dangerous or emergency situation, such as being attacked by others. The driver can go directly to the vehicle, press the emergency button, the charger will be disconnected from the vehicle, and an optional charging arm of the charging station can retract the charging plug.

[0016] This significantly increases the driver's safety, for example at remote charging stations, as it is no longer necessary to leave the vehicle in an emergency.

[0017] Another advantage is that the optional charging arm of the charging station can be designed in such a way that it is virtually removed from the vehicle independently and returns to a starting position, so that the vehicle and also the charging plug or the charging arm of the charging station, to which the charging plug is attached, are removed from the vehicle and thus damage to the vehicle as well as the charging station is prevented.

[0018] According to an advantageous embodiment of the system, the decoupling device can be arranged on the vehicle-mounted first coupling unit and / or integrated into the first coupling unit. This allows the decoupling device to have a compact design and require little additional installation space in the vehicle.

[0019] According to an advantageous embodiment of the system, the decoupling device can have at least one mechanically actuated ejection element configured to push the second coupling unit out of the electrical and mechanical contacts in an ejection direction opposite to the insertion direction of the first coupling unit. In this way, the second coupling unit can be detached from the first coupling unit particularly easily and reliably. The ejection element can, for example, be actuated by an electromechanical actuator.

[0020] According to an advantageous embodiment of the system, the ejection element can be designed as an ejection frame that surrounds the first coupling unit. Alternatively or additionally, the ejection element can be designed as at least one ejection bolt that extends through the first coupling unit. In this way, the second coupling unit can be detached from the first coupling unit particularly easily and reliably.

[0021] According to an advantageous embodiment of the system, the release element can be configured to be actuated by means of at least one of the following: cam disk, wedge assembly with rack, wedge assembly with actuator, actuator, threaded spindle with electric drive, threaded spindle with worm gear, toggle lever mechanism with actuator, toggle lever mechanism with pre-tensioned compression spring and release bolt, or toggle lever mechanism with pre-tensioned compression spring and release slide. Advantageously, different types of actuating elements can be used to release the second coupling unit from the first coupling unit.

[0022] According to an advantageous embodiment of the system, the decoupling device can be arranged on the vehicle-external charging unit. In an alternative embodiment, the charging unit can also be configured to detach the second coupling unit from the first coupling unit.

[0023] According to an advantageous embodiment of the system, the decoupling device can be arranged on a movable loading arm of the charging device with the second coupling unit. The decoupling device includes a sliding unit designed to insert and release the second coupling unit into the first coupling unit. The charging plug can thus be manually moved towards the vehicle using the loading arm. Optionally, the loading arm can also be designed as a robotic arm, which can perform this action automatically. The second coupling unit can then be inserted into the first coupling unit using the sliding unit. When activated by the driver, the sliding unit can release the second coupling unit from the first coupling unit, allowing the vehicle to be driven away.

[0024] According to a further aspect of the invention, a vehicle is proposed comprising a vehicle-mounted first coupling unit and a decoupling device configured to release an electrical and mechanical contact between the vehicle-mounted first coupling unit and a second coupling unit of a vehicle-external charging device after activation from inside the vehicle.

[0025] Advantageously, the proposed system can be largely implemented within the vehicle. The decoupling device can be located at or integrated into the vehicle's fixed charging socket as the first coupling unit. Communication with the charging device is then possible, allowing the charging process to be interrupted by the driver before the charging plug is disconnected from the charging socket (the second coupling unit) after activation by the driver.

[0026] According to a further aspect of the invention, a charging device is proposed comprising a vehicle-external second coupling unit and a decoupling device, which is configured to communicate with an electrically operated vehicle in such a way as to release an electrical and mechanical contact between a vehicle-fixed first coupling unit and the vehicle-external second coupling unit after activation from inside the vehicle.

[0027] Optionally, the proposed system can be largely integrated into the charging unit. The decoupling device can be located on a charging arm of the charging unit, or the charging arm can at least partially encompass the decoupling device. Corresponding communication with the vehicle is possible, allowing the charging process to be interrupted by the driver before disconnecting the charging plug (the second coupling unit) from the vehicle's charging socket. The decoupling device on the charging arm can then disconnect the second coupling unit from the first, and the vehicle can be driven away.

[0028] Further advantages will become apparent from the following description of the drawings. The drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention. The drawings, the description, and the claims contain numerous features in combination. A person skilled in the art will expediently consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

[0029] This shows: Fig. 1 a top view of a vehicle-mounted first coupling unit of an electrically operated vehicle with a push-out frame of a system for decoupling the first coupling unit from a second coupling unit of an external charging device according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 a side view of the system after Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a side view of the system according to a further embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4 a side view of the system according to a further embodiment of the invention; Fig. 5 a side view of the system according to a further embodiment of the invention; Fig. 6 a side view of the system according to a further embodiment of the invention; Fig. 7 a side view of the system according to a further embodiment of the invention; Fig. 8 a side view of the system according to a further embodiment of the invention; Fig. 9 a top view of a vehicle-mounted first coupling unit with a push-out frame of the system according to a further embodiment of the invention; Fig. 10 a side view of the system after Fig. 9; Fig. 11 a side view of the system according to a further embodiment of the invention; Fig. 12 a top view of a vehicle-mounted first coupling unit with ejection bolts of the system according to a further embodiment of the invention; Fig. 13 a side view of the system after Fig. 12; Fig. 14 a top view of a second coupling unit of an external charging device according to a further embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 15 a side view of the second coupling unit after Fig. 14; Fig. 16 a side view of a charging arm of a charging device with the second coupling unit after Fig. 14.

[0030] In the figures, identical or similar components are numbered with the same reference symbols. The figures merely show examples and are not to be understood as limiting.

[0031] Fig. Figure 1 shows a top view of a vehicle-mounted first coupling unit 12 of an electrically operated vehicle 10 with a release frame 24 of a system 100 for decoupling the first coupling unit 12 from a second coupling unit 14 of a vehicle-external charging device 200 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. Figure 2 shows a side view of the system 100 degrees. Fig. 1.

[0032] The vehicle-external charging device 200 is designed for electrically charging an energy storage device of the vehicle 10 by means of an electrical and mechanical contacting of the second coupling unit 14 with the corresponding first coupling unit 12 of the vehicle 10.

[0033] The in Fig. The first coupling unit 12 shown represents a standard charging socket 13 according to the CCS standard (Type 2), which is arranged on a vehicle 10 not shown.

[0034] The system 100 includes a decoupling device 20, which is designed to release the electrical and mechanical contact after activation from inside the vehicle 10.

[0035] The decoupling device 20 is located in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the decoupling device 20 is arranged on, or integrated into, the vehicle-mounted first coupling unit 12. The decoupling device 20 has a mechanically actuated ejection element 22, which is designed to push the second coupling unit 14 out of the electrical and mechanical contacts in an ejection direction 90 opposite to the insertion direction of the first coupling unit 12. The ejection element 22 is designed as an ejection frame 24, which is arranged to encompass the first coupling unit 12.

[0036] In the charging socket 13, the actual plug area is surrounded by the release frame 24, which is movable and can push the attached charging plug 15 with charging cable 16 out of the charging socket 13, thus disconnecting the plug connection. In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, this is achieved via a cam disk 30 or a rotary cam, which is rotated about a pivot axis 32. The rotation can be effected in various ways, for example, by an electric actuator (not shown) or similar device. Due to the arrangement of the pivot axis 32 within the cam disk 30 or the rotary cam, its rotation in the direction of rotation 34 exerts pressure on the ejection frame 24, and the charging plug 15 is pushed in the direction of ejection 90 until the charging plug 15 is ejected.

[0037] Fig. Figure 3 shows a side view of system 100 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0038] The decoupling device 20 features a wedge arrangement 36 with two inclined planes or two wedges 38, 40, which slide against each other. Wedge 38 is provided with a rack 42 or a rack profile. When the gear 44, which engages with the rack 42, is driven counterclockwise, wedge 38 moves upwards in the direction of the arrow. Due to the inclined planes, this upward movement of wedge 38 moves wedge 40 in the direction of the ejection 90. Wedge 40 then presses against the ejection frame 24, and the charging plug 15 is pushed out, so that vehicle 10 and charging plug 15 are now separated.

[0039] Fig. Figure 4 shows a side view of the system 100 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0040] The decoupling device 20 is similar to the one in Fig. The decoupling device 20 shown in Figure 3 differs, however, in that the wedge 38 is not moved via a gear 44 and a rack 42, but via an actuator 46. This actuator 46 can be driven electrically, electromagnetically, pneumatically, hydraulically, etc. The ejection process of the charging plug 15 then proceeds according to the same principle as in Figure 3. Fig. 3 already described.

[0041] Advantageous in the Fig. 3 and Fig. The difference in the embodiments shown in 4 is that the drive power is relatively low in order to be able to push out or slide off the charging plug 15.

[0042] Fig. Figure 5 shows a side view of system 100 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0043] The Fig. The illustrated embodiment 5 shows a very simple design with an actuator 48, which can be electrical, electromagnetic, pneumatic, hydraulic, etc., and which acts directly on the ejector frame 24. The simple design is advantageous.

[0044] Fig. Figure 6 shows a side view of the system 100 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0045] The Fig. The embodiment shown in Figure 6 has a very similar structure to the one described in Fig. The embodiment shown in Figure 5 differs, however, in that the actuator 48 has a threaded spindle 50 with a corresponding electric drive 54 having a freestanding internal thread 52. The advantage here is that the drive power of the drive motor 54 is relatively low, or rather, the forces that can be applied to push out the plug are relatively high, so that even with very tightly fitting charging plugs 15, it is ensured that the charging plug 15 can be pushed out.

[0046] Fig. Figure 7 shows a side view of system 100 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0047] The Fig. The embodiment shown in figure 7 has a very similar structure to the one in Fig. The embodiment shown in Figure 6 differs in that a worm gear 56 is arranged on the threaded spindle 50, which in turn is driven by a worm 58. The advantage here is that the required drive power is even lower, and the achievable force for pushing out the charging plug 15 is even higher.

[0048] Fig. Figure 8 shows a side view of the system 100 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0049] The Fig. The illustrated embodiment 8 shows a toggle lever principle for pushing out the charging plug 15. Here, an actuator 70 presses a movable tension anchor or pressure anchor 66 against a toggle lever mechanism 60 with toggle levers 62 guided at pivot points 64, so that pressure is also exerted on the ejection frame 24 and the charging plug 15 is thereby pushed out. The actuator 70 and the toggle lever mechanism 60 are supported on vehicle components 68.

[0050] An advantage of this embodiment is that, firstly, the power or force required to move the actuator 70 is relatively low, and secondly, this toggle lever mechanism 60 is very fast, so that the ejection of the charging plug 15 can take place very quickly.

[0051] Fig. Figure 9 shows a top view of a vehicle-mounted first coupling unit 12 with an ejection frame 24 of the system 100 according to a further embodiment of the invention. Fig. Figure 10 shows a side view of the system 100 after Fig. 9.

[0052] One difference from the embodiments described above is that the release frame 24 does not have a rectangular shape, but a shape which follows the outline of the charging socket 13.

[0053] The in the Fig. 9 and Fig. The embodiment shown in 10 has a very similar structure to the one in Fig. The embodiment shown in Figure 8 also uses a toggle lever principle. The difference here is that the actuator 70 is not actively driven, but rather a pre-tensioned compression spring 72 is located in a sleeve with a piston 76. This piston 76 has a piston rod 78, which acts on the toggle lever mechanism 60 as soon as the release bolt 74 is pulled in the direction of the arrow. The potential energy stored in the compression spring 72 then causes the piston rod 78 to be pushed downwards in the direction of the arrow, and the toggle lever mechanism 60 acts on the ejector frame 24, thus pushing out the charging plug 15. In principle, a pyrotechnic element or similar could also be used instead of the compression spring 72.

[0054] The compression spring 72 and toggle lever mechanism 60 are supported on vehicle components 68.

[0055] Fig. Figure 11 shows a side view of the system 100 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0056] The Fig. The embodiment shown in Figure 11 demonstrates an almost identical structure to that described in Fig. The embodiment shown in Figure 10 differs in that there is no longer a release bolt 74, but rather a release slide 80. This has the advantage that, once the decoupling device 20 has been triggered and the compression spring 72 has relaxed, the decoupling device 20 will compress again when the charging plug 15 is reconnected during the next charging process. During this process, the piston 76 pushes the release slide 80 to the side and automatically locks into place. Thus, the decoupling device 20 can be returned to its original state, i.e., with the compression spring 72 pre-tensioned, without much effort, or indeed without any effort at all, since charging and therefore reconnection are necessary anyway.

[0057] Fig. Figure 12 shows a top view of a vehicle-mounted first coupling unit 12 with ejection bolts 26 of the system 100 according to a further embodiment of the invention. Here, the ejection element 22 is designed as an ejection bolt 26, which extends through the first coupling unit 12. Fig. Figure 13 shows a side view of the system 100 after Fig. 12.

[0058] The in the Fig. 12 and Fig. The embodiment shown in Figure 13 depicts a toggle lever mechanism 60, which is driven or actuated by an actuator 70. The only difference here is that there is no ejection frame 24, but rather an ejection plate 24 provided with ejection bolts 26. These ejection bolts 26 then press against the end face or the end face inside the charging plug 15 and thereby push the charging plug 15 out, which is particularly space-saving.

[0059] Fig. Figure 14 shows a top view of a second coupling unit 14 of a vehicle-external charging device 200 according to a further embodiment of the invention. Fig. Figure 15 shows a side view of the second coupling unit 14. Fig. 14.

[0060] The in the Fig. 14 and Fig. The illustrated embodiment 15 shows the connector diagram of a CCS connector 15 of type 2. At the end of the charging arm 202 (see Fig. 16) A device is attached to the charging device 200 which inserts the charging plug 15 into the charging device 200. In the example, this is done via a toggle lever mechanism 212, which is actuated, for example, by an actuator 208, preferably an electric one. In principle, however, the charging plug 15 can also be in the extended (shown) state when the charging device 200 is not in use or plugged in. This is the case, for example, if the charging device 200 is designed such that the charging arm 202 of the charging device 200 is plugged in manually, i.e., by a person who manually inserts the charging plug 15 into the charging socket 13. In the event that the emergency button is pressed in vehicle 10, the charging plug 15 is unlocked, the charging plug 15 is retracted via the toggle lever mechanism 212, which in turn is actuated by the actuator 208, and the charging plug 15 is very quickly removed from the charging socket 13.Vehicle 10 can be driven away quickly without damaging either vehicle 10 or the charging equipment 200.

[0061] The toggle lever mechanism 212 is supported on fixed plates 210, which are guided in guide rails 206.

[0062] In principle, it is also conceivable that the charging arm 202 is part of a charging robot that automatically inserts the charging plug 15 into the charging socket 13. The charging arm 202 could also be equipped with a kind of sensor finger with a very soft surface, which first touches a charging flap of the vehicle and then uses a camera to determine the position of the charging socket 13. It then positions itself so that, when the charging arm 202 reaches its final position, the charging plug 15 is pushed into the charging socket 13 via the toggle lever mechanism 212 and the actuator 208.

[0063] Fig. Figure 16 shows a side view of the loading arm 202 of the loading device 200 with the second coupling unit 14.

[0064] Fig. Figure 16 shows the assembly of the entire loading arm 202, with the toggle lever mechanism 212 located at its front end. The loading arm 202 is equipped with several joints 216, which in the simplest embodiment have torsion springs 214, so that when not plugged in, the loading arm 202 is in a retracted position, somewhat removed from the position of a vehicle 10 to be loaded. To load a vehicle 10, a person can grasp the loading arm 202 by a handle (not shown) and, with slight force, move it into position and then insert the charging plug 15, thus starting the charging process.

[0065] If the emergency button in vehicle 10 is now pressed, the charging process is terminated, the charging plug 15 is unlocked, and a signal is transmitted to the charging unit 200. This signal causes, for example, the actuator 208 to be activated, and the charging plug 15 is pulled out by the charging unit 200. Because the torsion springs 214 in the joints 216 are pre-tensioned by the previous manual insertion process, they return to their initial state when the charging plug 15 is released from the charging socket 13 by the toggle lever mechanism 212. The charging arm 202 then moves away from vehicle 10, and the vehicle 10 can be driven away without being damaged or without damaging the charging unit 200. The number of joints 216 and their arrangement along the charging arm 202 can vary considerably.

[0066] In principle, the toggle lever mechanism 212 could also be replaced by another device, e.g., a simple actuator, a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, a linear motor, etc. Various options exist. The toggle lever mechanism 212 was chosen here as an example because the actuator 208, despite its low power consumption, can generate high forces, and the mechanism 212 is very fast and has a robust design.

[0067] Furthermore, the charging arm 202 could also be part of a charging robot, i.e., the charging arm 202 is part of a charging device 200, which automatically inserts the charging plug 15. In this case, corresponding stepper motors can be arranged in the individual joints 216, which can execute specific rotational angles and thus move to the exact position for inserting the charging plug 15 into the charging socket 13.

[0068] If the emergency button is pressed again in vehicle 10, the charging plug 15 is unlocked, a signal is sent to the charging unit 200, and the charging arm 202 automatically and quickly returns to its starting position. The vehicle can then be driven away. In this case, the toggle lever mechanism 212 may also be unnecessary, as the charging plug 15 can also be disconnected via the rotary movement of the stepper motors in the individual joints 216. List of reference symbols 10 vehicles 12 first coupling unit 13 charging socket 14 second coupling unit 15 charging plugs 16 charging cables 20 decoupling device 22 Extrusion element 24 ejection frames 26 ejector bolts 30 cam disc 32 Rotary axis 34 Direction of rotation 36 Wedge arrangement 38 wedge 40 wedge 42 Rack and pinion 44 gear 46 Actuator 48 Actuator 50 threaded spindle 52 fixed internal thread 54 electric drive 56 worm gear 58 snail 60 toggle lever mechanism 62 Knee levers 64 Pivot point 66 Tension anchors / Compression anchors 68 Vehicle component 70 Actuator 72 Compression spring 74 trigger bolts 76 pistons 78 Piston rod 80 release slides 90 Expression direction 100 systems 200 charging equipment 202 Charging arm 204 Shifting unit 206 Guide rail 208 Actuator 210 fixed plate 212 Knee lever mechanism 214 Torsion spring 216 joint QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2014 006 345 A1

[0005]

Claims

[1] System (100) for decoupling a vehicle-fixed first coupling unit (12) of an electrically operable vehicle from a second coupling unit (14) of a vehicle-external charging device (200), which is designed to electrically charge an energy store of the vehicle (10) by electrically and mechanically contacting the second coupling unit (14) with the corresponding first coupling unit (12) of the vehicle (10), comprising a decoupling device (20) which is designed to release the electrical and mechanical contact after activation from an interior of the vehicle (10). [2] System according to claim 1, wherein the decoupling device (20) is arranged on the vehicle-fixed first coupling unit (12) and / or is integrated into the first coupling unit (12). [3] System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the decoupling device (20) has at least one mechanically actuatable ejection element (22) which is designed to push the second coupling unit (14) out of the electrical and mechanical contact in an ejection direction (90) opposite to an insertion direction of the first coupling unit (12). [4] System according to claim 3, wherein the ejection element (22) is designed as an ejection frame (24) which is arranged to encompass the first coupling unit (12) and / or wherein the ejection element (22) is designed as at least one ejection bolt (26) which is arranged to penetrate through the first coupling unit (12). [5] System according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the ejection element (22) is designed to be able to be pushed out by means of at least one of - cam disc (30), - wedge arrangement (36) with rack (42), - wedge arrangement (36) with actuator (46), - Actuator (48), - threaded spindle (50) with electric drive (54), - threaded spindle (50) with worm gear (56), - toggle lever mechanism (60) with actuator (70), - Knee lever mechanism (60) with pre-tensioned compression spring (72) and release bolt (74), - Knee lever mechanism (60) with pre-tensioned compression spring (72) and release slide (80) to be operated. [6] System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the decoupling device (20) is arranged on the vehicle-external charging device (200). [7] System according to claim 6, wherein the decoupling device (20) is arranged on a movable loading arm (202) of the loading device (200) with the second coupling unit (14), wherein the decoupling device (20) has a displacement unit (204) which is designed to insert and release the second coupling unit (14) into the first coupling unit (12). [8] Vehicle (10), comprising a vehicle-fixed first coupling unit (12) and a decoupling device (20) which is designed to release an electrical and mechanical contact between the vehicle-fixed first coupling unit (12) and a second coupling unit (14) of a vehicle-external charging device (200) after activation from an interior of the vehicle (10). [9] Charging device (200), comprising a vehicle-external second coupling unit (14) and a decoupling device (20), which is designed to communicate with an electrically operable vehicle (10) in such a way that an electrical and mechanical contact between a vehicle-fixed first coupling unit (12) and the vehicle-external second coupling unit (14) can be released after activation from an interior of the vehicle (10).

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