Stator for an electrical machine and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a stator (10) for an electrical machine having coils (12) wound on stator bars, which are enclosed by an approximately annular stator housing (14) by means of which the stator bars and coils (12) are mounted in the electrical machine. A winding element (16) extending along the outer circumference and stabilizing the stator housing (14) is arranged on the stator housing (14). Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for assembling a stator (10) for an electrical machine.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a stator for an electrical machine according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method.

[0002] In the development of stators or in the development of the electric motor structure, it is particularly important to take a stabilizing measure to take the rotational forces into account.

[0003] From WO 2012 / 022 974 A1 a machine with a stator is already known, which has an annular stator housing in which respective coils are arranged.

[0004] The generic document DE 10 2019 115 823 A1 shows a motor housing consisting of a cylindrical body with at least one circumferential groove extending inward from an outer surface of the cylindrical body. A fiber composite band is arranged within each of these grooves, which may be dovetail-shaped. For this purpose, a plurality of continuous fibers are arranged within the grooves, and a fiber composite band is formed within the grooves by applying and curing a matrix containing the continuous fibers.

[0005] DE 29 36 669 A1 discloses a hydraulic pump unit with an electric motor, the stator of which is arranged in a housing and the rotor of which is mounted on a shaft with a hydraulic pump. Each end of the stator is assigned a bearing plate for a shaft bearing, with the bearing plates being supported by elongated connecting elements. At least one clamping band surrounds the outer stator circumference and the bearing plates to fix the stator and presses them against the stator circumference. Depending on the design, the clamping band can also be made of wire.

[0006] US Pat. No. 3,847,330 A discloses a motor mount consisting of several elongated wires or rods extending along the sides of a cylindrical motor housing. Several ring-shaped wires or rods surround the elongated wires and are welded or attached to them to hold the wires to the motor housing. The ring-shaped wires are preformed to accommodate the elongated wires and, at the same time, bear against the cylindrical motor housing for at least part of their total length. The ring-shaped wires can be tensioned by a single tension screw through mounts with aligned openings at two opposite ends.

[0007] In addition, DE 10 2017 003 800 A1 describes an electric machine with a stator and a rotor. Several magnets on the outer circumference of the rotor are held by a holding element, which comprises a wound fiber bundle.

[0008] The object of the invention is to further develop a stator in such a way that stability against rotational forces acting on it is taken into account by the structure of the stator housing or the stator itself.

[0009] This object is achieved by means of a stator having the features of patent claim 1 and by means of a method. Further advantageous developments and combinations of features can be found in the dependent claims.

[0010] A first aspect of the invention relates to a stator for an electrical machine with coils wound on stator bars, which are enclosed by an approximately annular stator housing, by means of which the stator bars and coils are mounted in the electrical machine. To achieve the object of the invention, it is provided that a winding element extending on the outer circumference is arranged on the stator housing, stabilizing the stator housing. The winding element is in particular a wire-shaped or fibrous element, which can be wound on the outer circumference around the particularly round or similarly round-shaped stator housing, in order to counteract the flying forces acting from the interior of the stator to the outside.This means that the stator now has a stator housing which can, for example, be formed lighter and simpler, with the winding elements being arranged around the outside, whereby the winding in the outer area of the stator housing provides additional stability for the outside of the stator.

[0011] According to the invention, the winding element is arranged on the outer circumference between a top and a bottom of the stator housing, extending up and down. This means that the winding element runs between the top and bottom and is arranged in an up and down manner, thereby creating a particularly zigzag shape. This is intended to hold different levels of the stator housing by a winding element or by its windings. In particular, the respective holding elements are arranged to enable this.

[0012] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the winding element is wound multiple times around the stator housing. The multiple windings increase the strength, particularly the tensile strength, of the entire winding element as a combination of different windings.

[0013] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that retaining elements are arranged on the outer circumference for holding the winding element. The retaining elements are thus arranged on the outer circumference around the stator housing and have respective regions or elements on which the winding element can be wound, so that it cannot be displaced or removed.

[0014] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that outer circumferential holding elements for holding the winding element are arranged on the top and bottom. Accordingly, it is also possible to provide an ascending and descending arrangement, whereby the holding elements can be arranged both at the top and bottom. These can be arranged alternately on the top and bottom for the zigzag shape, but holding elements can also be arranged on both sides, thereby enabling the winding of the winding element for the assembly process and providing additional winding element configurations.

[0015] In yet another advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one second winding element is arranged, extending along the outer circumference of the stator housing, to stabilize it. A second winding element is to be attached or arranged next to the first winding element to further increase the stability of the stator housing.

[0016] In yet another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the second winding element is arranged on the outer circumference between a top and bottom of the stator housing, running up and down in a zigzag shape, and is shifted by half a phase relative to the first winding element in the up and down movement. The shift by half a phase thus enables a winding element to be arranged on both the top and bottom sides, which run in a phase-shifted zigzag shape around the outer circumference of the stator housing. This results in increased stability due to the two winding elements, which hold the respective points on the outer circumference together.

[0017] In yet another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the holding elements have at least one fixing groove, into which, in particular, the winding elements can be inserted and thus secured against displacement. Alternatively, a plurality of fixing grooves can be arranged on the respective holding elements to provide different winding element configurations.

[0018] In yet another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the stator housing is provided with fixing grooves on its outer circumference. Accordingly, the retaining elements are no longer necessary, but the winding elements can be fixed directly to the stator housing, thus eliminating the need for retaining elements.

[0019] In yet another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the retaining elements and / or the fixing grooves are arranged in the respective regions of the respective gaps between two adjacent coils. Accordingly, in a stator housing, which may also be polygonal rather than completely round, the retaining elements or the grooves are arranged at the respective corners, thereby enabling stabilization of the regions where the coils are placed against one another.

[0020] Finally, in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the winding element is made of a carbon fiber or a carbon fiber reinforced plastic, in particular CFRP, which is particularly light and particularly flexible in processing and has a high crack resistance.

[0021] A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for assembling a stator for an electrical machine, in which coils wound on stator bars are inserted into an annular stator housing. In this case, it is provided that a winding element stabilizing the stator housing is wound around the outside circumference of the stator housing. Furthermore, it is also possible here to arrange a second winding element or to wind it around the outside circumference, wherein it is provided in particular that the two winding elements are shifted by half a phase so that an up and down winding, in particular in a zigzag shape, joins respective opposite points on the top and bottom of the stator housing. Furthermore, it is also possible to fix the winding elements in fixing grooves provided for this purpose on the holding elements.

[0022] In other words, a stator for an electrical machine is proposed, which consists of or is formed from a stator bar, or stator bars, and coils wound thereon, which are enclosed by an annular stator housing. The stator housing has a winding element running around the outer circumference, or several such winding elements, which are arranged to stabilize the stator housing. These winding elements are wound several times around the stator housing and are held by holding elements on the outer circumference. The winding elements run in a zigzag shape between a top side and a bottom side of the stator housing. These holding elements have at least one fixing groove and are arranged in the areas between the coils.Furthermore, it is also provided that a second winding element is additionally present or arranged on the outer circumference, which winding element is also arranged in a zigzag shape, the second winding element being arranged shifted by half a phase relative to the first winding element. This construction made of carbon fiber or carbon fiber reinforced plastic CFRP is designed to stabilize the stator housing and to absorb forces or flying forces in both the circumferential direction and the axial direction. Such winding elements made of CFRP fibers are fixed at regular intervals by holding elements and are designed to provide efficient stabilization of the housing or the stator housing and thus absorb flying forces. Furthermore, a method is provided which is provided for assembling the stator.It involves wrapping the stator housing with the outer circumferential winding element for stabilization, as well as better fixation and stabilization of the stator housing. It also contributes to weight reduction, for example, as the housing requires less material. Furthermore, the CFRP fibers are arranged in a zigzag pattern and absorb the forces in the circumferential and axial directions, which can improve the overall performance of the electric machine.

[0023] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawing(s). The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures, can be used not only in the respective specified combination, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0024] Showing: Fig. 1 a plan view of a possible design of a stator, Fig. 2 a side view of the Fig. 1 shown stator with winding elements and Fig. 3 a holding element for holding the winding elements.

[0025] In the figures, identical elements with the same function are given the same reference numerals.

[0026] Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a possible embodiment of a stator 10 according to the invention for an electrical machine with coils 12 wound on stator bars, which are enclosed by an annular stator housing 14. The stator bars and coils 12 are mounted in the electrical machine by means of the stator housing 14. In this case, a winding element 16 extending around the outer circumference is arranged on the stator housing 14, stabilizing the stator housing 14. A second winding element 26 is also provided in addition to the winding element 16.

[0027] Thus, the top view of the stator 10 shows the annular stator housing 14, which represents the stator bars and the coils 12. The flywheel forces F acting on the stator 10 are directed outward, as they are generated by rotation in the machine due to electromagnetic fields. The winding elements 16, 26 are made in particular from carbon fiber or a carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) and are wound in a zigzag pattern around the stator housing 14. These form a counterforce to the flywheel forces F, so that the stator housing is stabilized by the winding elements 16, 26. In other words, the CFRP winding elements 16, 26 stabilize the stator housing 14 and absorb the flywheel forces F by distributing them circumferentially and axially and counteracting them.As a result, the stator housing 14 is effectively supported and stabilized against the outwardly directed flying forces F, which in particular increases the performance and reliability of the electrical machine.

[0028] Fig. 2 shows a side view of the Fig. 1, which illustrates the arrangement of the two winding elements 16, 26, which run in a zigzag shape around the annular stator housing 14. These winding elements 16, 26 are arranged on the outer circumference around the stator housing 14 to stabilize the stator housing 14 and to absorb the flying forces F and other loads. The first winding element runs between the top side 14a and the bottom side 14b of the stator housing 14. It is wound several times around the stator housing 14 and is held by holding elements 18 on the outer circumference. These holding elements 18 have fixing grooves 20, which are arranged in the regions 22 between the adjacent coils 12. The fixing grooves 20 are designed to securely fix the winding elements 16, 26 or the CFRP fibers and to distribute the forces evenly.

[0029] The second winding element 26 is also arranged in a zigzag pattern between the top side 14a and the bottom side 14b of the stator housing 14. However, this second winding element 26 is offset by half a phase compared to the first winding element, thus enabling additional stabilization and force absorption. The two winding elements 16, 26 work together to stabilize the stator housing 14 in all directions and to balance or distribute the loads.

[0030] In summary, the arrangement of the winding elements 16, 26 in conjunction with the holding elements 18 on the respective sides of the stator housing 14 as well as with the fixing grooves 20 enables a particularly advantageous and robust stabilization of the stator housing 14, which leads to an overall improvement in the performance of the electrical machine.

[0031] Fig.3 shows a side view of an embodiment of the holding element 18, which is designed such that it securely accommodates and simultaneously fixes the winding elements 16, 26 and thus the CFRP fibers. The holding element 18 has a rectangular shape and is positioned at the corners of the stator housing. An elongated fixing groove 20 is formed on the holding element 18 and is attached to fix the respective winding elements. The groove or fixing groove 20 extends over the entire length of the holding element and thus enables the precise guidance of the winding elements along the holding element 18. Furthermore, the fixing groove 20 is designed such that it holds or fixes the winding elements 16, 26, in particular in multiple windings, whereby the flying forces and loads on the stator housing can be absorbed and distributed by the holding elements.The arrangement of the holding elements 18 and the corresponding fixing grooves 20 takes place at a regular distance along the outer circumference of the stator housing 14, in particular in the areas 22 between adjacent coils 12. Overall, the arrangement of holding elements 18 contributes to a distribution of the flying forces and to a stabilization of the stator housing 14. List of reference symbols 10 Stator 12 coils 14 Stator housing 14a Top of the stator housing 14b Bottom of the stator housing 16 winding element 18 Holding element 20 fixing grooves 22 Area 24 gap 26 Second winding element CFRP Carbon fiber reinforced plastic F Air Force 14a top 14b bottom

Claims

[1] Stator (10) for an electrical machine with coils (12) wound on stator bars, which are enclosed by an approximately annular stator housing (14) by means of which the stator bars and coils (12) are mounted in the electrical machine, wherein a winding element (16) extending on the outer circumference and stabilizing the stator housing (14) is arranged on the stator housing (14) characterized by , that the winding element (16) is arranged on the outer circumference side between an upper side (14a) and a lower side (14b) of the stator housing (14) running up and down (in a zigzag shape). [2] Stator (10) according to claim 1, characterized by that the winding element (16) is wound several times around the stator housing (14). [3] Stator (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that outer peripheral holding elements (18) are arranged to hold the winding element (16). [4] Stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that outer peripheral holding elements (18) for holding the winding element (16) are arranged on the upper side (14a) and on the lower side (14b). [5] Stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that at least one second winding element (26) is arranged which stabilizes the stator housing (14) and runs on the outer circumference. [6] Stator (10) according to claim 5, characterized by that the second winding element (26) is arranged on the outer circumference side between an upper side (14a) and a lower side (14b) of the stator housing (14) so as to run up and down (in a zigzag shape) and is shifted by half a phase relative to the first winding element (16) in the up and down course. [7] Stator (10) according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized by that the holding elements (18) have at least one fixing groove (20). [8] Stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the stator housing (14) has fixing grooves (20) on the outer circumference. [9] Stator (10) according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized by that the holding elements (18) and / or the fixing grooves (20) are arranged in respective regions (22) of respective columns (24) of two adjacent coils (12). [10] Stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the winding element (16) is made of a carbon fiber or a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP). [11] Method for assembling a stator (10) for an electrical machine, in which coils (12) wound on stator bars are inserted into an approximately annular stator housing (14), wherein a winding element (16) stabilising the stator housing (14) is wound around the outer circumference of the stator housing (14), characterized by , that the winding element (16) is wound on the outer circumference between an upper side (14a) and a lower side (14b) of the stator housing (14) in an up and down (zigzag) manner.

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