Fastening device in a vehicle

Abstract

Fastening device (1) for fastening furnishings in a vehicle (100), comprising at least one mounting rail (20) which is fastened to a vehicle structure, with at least one groove (21) arranged along at least a partial area of ​​the mounting rail (20), a guide element (24) which is arranged in the groove (21) of the mounting rail (20) and whose cross-section is designed such that the guide element (24) is movable in the longitudinal direction of the mounting rail (20) within the groove (21), but immovable perpendicular to any transverse direction of the mounting rail (20), and a fastening element (10) with at least one fastening section (11) and one mounting section (12), wherein the at least one fastening section (11) is designed to be connected to the furnishings and the mounting section (12) is fastened to the guide element (24) by means of at least one fastening means, and wherein a defined angle is further provided between the at least one fastening section (11) and the one mounting section (12), wherein between the at least one fastening section (11) and the mounting section (12) a securing node (13) consisting of an upper node section (131) and a lower node section (132) is provided, wherein the upper node section (131) is connected to the at least one fastening section (11) or the mounting section (12) and the lower node section (132) is connected to the corresponding other section, and wherein a rivet (14) is provided which extends through both the upper node section (131) and the lower node section (132).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a fastening device for fastening furnishings in a vehicle and a vehicle which has a fastening device according to the invention.

[0002] Craft businesses, in particular, require vehicles with a vehicle conversion that allows them to transport a wide variety of items flexibly, safely, and with the greatest possible use of space. The items to be transported range from simple tools or tool cases to more specialized, less frequently used tools, as well as raw materials and semi-finished products of various shapes, strengths, weights, and materials. Vehicles with a total weight of up to 7.5 t are particularly used for this purpose. To optimally store the load in the vehicle, the vehicle conversion must offer as many different storage and securing options as possible. The interior fittings should be as flexible as possible and adaptable to the specific requirements of the different goods being transported.In the context of this application, not only the transported goods themselves, such as tools, raw materials or semi-finished products, but also, in particular, transport supports such as boxes, supports, frames or similar, to which the corresponding transported goods can then be attached, are understood as furnishings.

[0003] As a solution, according to the state of the art, wooden panels are attached to the vehicle structure, to which the corresponding vehicle interior elements, as well as transport brackets or similar, are screwed. For the purposes of the application, the vehicle structure refers to the elements that provide stability. In addition to the vehicle frame, these include, in particular, struts in the body of the vehicle, especially in the part of the body that defines the cargo space. These elements of the vehicle structure are capable of absorbing force and thus represent the stable framework of the vehicle.

[0004] In addition to the flexibility of fastening devices, the specifications and guidelines regarding load securing required for road approval must also be observed. These stipulate that in the event of a crash with accelerations of up to 20G, the load secured in the vehicle interior, as well as the vehicle interior itself (i.e., generally the fittings as defined in the registration), must not become detached from their attachment to the vehicle, in order to minimize risks, especially for persons inside the vehicle. This rules out the above-mentioned solutions involving securing the fittings to a wooden panel.

[0005] In addition to the purely safety-related aspect, the aspect of quality assurance must also be considered, as it is in a company's own interest to be able to deliver the items it transports to the customer undamaged. Inadequate load securing due to movable, especially freely movable, parts poses a high risk of damage of all kinds, which must be avoided.

[0006] Previously known fastening device solutions in the state of the art and permitted in Europe are designed in such a way that the energy generated in even a minor accident is absorbed by a deformation of the entire fastening device. Thus, even accidents involving only slight accelerations and thus low forces acting on the equipment result in the entire fastening device and, in some cases, the entire vehicle structure becoming deformed, necessitating replacement if at all possible. Furthermore, state-of-the-art fastening devices offer limited flexibility when it comes to modifications for transporting different objects.

[0007] Different types of fastening devices are known in the prior art. Document DE 10 2016 115 402 A1 discloses a fastening device comprising a mounting rail with a groove, which is fastened to a vehicle structure. A guide element is arranged in the groove, which is movable longitudinally in the groove of the mounting rail and is locked in movement in the transverse directions. The fastening device further comprises a fastening element with a fastening portion and a mounting portion, wherein the fastening portion is designed to be connected to furnishings, and the mounting portion is fastened to the guide element by means of a fastening means.

[0008] Likewise, reference is made to document DE 10 2012 108 688 A1, which also discloses a mounting rail in a vehicle with a guide element and a fastening device with a mounting section and a fastening section angled at 90°, wherein the fastening section is fastened to the guide element with a screw and the mounting section is fastened to a fitting element.

[0009] From "MATSCH&PISTE - Modular holders and hooks for airline rails with a system. December 2, 2021," fastening devices for furnishings are also known, wherein the devices each have a fastening element, one section being connected to the guide element and the other section being designed to accommodate furnishings.

[0010] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a fastening device which eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages and complies with the legal safety requirements for such fastening systems and to provide a vehicle with such a fastening device.

[0011] This object is achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are contained in the dependent claims.

[0012] The fastening device according to the invention for fastening furnishings in a vehicle has at least one mounting rail which is fastened to a vehicle structure, wherein the mounting rail has at least one groove arranged along at least a partial region of the mounting rail. Furthermore, the fastening device according to the invention has a guide element which is arranged in the groove of the mounting rail and whose cross-section is designed such that the guide element is movable in the longitudinal direction of the mounting rail within the groove, but is immovable perpendicular to any transverse direction of the mounting rail. Smaller movements in the transverse direction of the mounting rail due to play between the groove and the guide element can be neglected. The longitudinal direction of the mounting rail is defined by the orientation of the groove.According to the invention, the fastening device further comprises at least one fastening section and a mounting section, wherein the mounting section is fastened to the guide element by means of at least one fastening means, such as a screw or the like, and the fastening section is designed to be connected to the furnishings. Furthermore, a defined angle is provided between the mounting section and the at least one fastening section.

[0013] As explained above, the guide element is movable within the groove. This means that the guide element can be moved within the groove without the fastening element. However, by attaching the fastening element to the guide element, the guide element is clamped against the groove and pressed against it. This greatly increases the friction between the guide element and the groove, so that during normal vehicle operation, i.e., outside of an accident, no movement of the guide element can occur in the groove. The result is a rigid system.

[0014] The fastening device therefore makes it possible to provide and transport furnishings such as boxes for storing and transporting objects, vertical supports to which corresponding storage devices can be attached, or similar. A fastening element can be designed very individually and according to requirements depending on the object to be attached to it in order to allow for a high level of flexibility. The guide element in the groove of the mounting rail can be used to easily change the position of the fastening element, whereby the position on the mounting rail can be freely selected. The fastening device can ensure different levels of energy absorption in the event of an accident, whereby if the impact energy is low, only the fastening element is deformed.This can be replaced easily and inexpensively, so that the functionality of the fastening device as a whole can be easily restored.

[0015] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the mounting rail has two rail wings, between which the groove is formed. This creates a C-shaped mounting rail that is simple and inexpensive to manufacture. Preferably, the rail wings have a pressing section against which the mounting section is pressed by the fastening to the guide element. In particular, the pressing section is designed such that there is a flat pressing action between the mounting section of the fastening element and the pressing section of the mounting rail. In this way, the friction between the fastening element and the mounting rail can be increased, and thus the force that can be absorbed by the fastening device can be increased.

[0016] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the mounting rail is at least partially fastened horizontally to the vehicle structure, wherein in particular the longitudinal direction of the mounting rail points in the direction of travel of the vehicle. This ensures that in the event of a frontal accident, in which the greatest forces act on the fastening device, the force introduced into the mounting rail is predominantly in its longitudinal direction. Thus, a large portion of the force can be absorbed by pressing the fastening element against the mounting rail before deformation of the mounting rail begins. In this way, the risk of structural damage to the fastening device or even the vehicle structure can be further reduced.

[0017] According to the invention, a securing node consisting of an upper node section and a lower node section is located between the at least one fastening section and the mounting section, wherein the upper node section is connected to the at least one fastening section or the mounting section and the lower node section is connected to the corresponding other section. Furthermore, a rivet is provided which extends through both the upper node section and the lower node section. The term “connected” is to be understood as meaning that the corresponding node section is inseparably connected to the corresponding fastening section or mounting section. This can be achieved, for example, via a material-to-material connection or can preferably be implemented in such a way that the node section is connected to the corresponding mounting section orThe fastening section can be produced from a single piece, for example, through a bending step. Such a securing knot can further increase the force that the fastening element can absorb, thus creating an additional element that can absorb force in the event of an accident. In such an embodiment, the rivet would first be destroyed before any significant deformation of the fastening element occurs. Preferably, the upper and lower knot sections of such a securing knot are arranged parallel to one another.

[0018] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fastening element further comprises at least one guide section, which is arranged within the groove in the mounting rail and is designed to prevent movement of the fastening element in the transverse direction to the mounting rail. Such a guide section can provide a further element for securing the fastening device, which prevents the fastening element from becoming detached from the mounting rail. It is thus to be understood as a securing device for fastening to the mounting rail in addition to the fastening of the fastening element to the mounting rail by means of the at least one fastening means on the guide element.Preferably, the guide section is arranged in the groove behind the guide element in the direction of travel, so that in the event of a frontal collision, the guide section presses against the guide element in the direction of travel and the energy thus applied can be dissipated by the high friction between the mounting rail and the fastening element.

[0019] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the mounting rail has at least one threading opening in the groove, which is designed such that the guide element and / or a guide section arranged on the fastening element can be inserted into the groove through it. Such threading openings can further increase the flexibility of the system, since individual fastening elements can be removed or installed even in the middle of the mounting rail without having to thread the corresponding guide element or fastening element into the groove via the end face of the mounting rail.

[0020] Furthermore, an embodiment of the invention is advantageous in which the angle between the at least one fastening section and the mounting section is 90 degrees.

[0021] The vehicle according to the invention has at least one fastening device according to the invention.

[0022] Advantageous aspects and embodiments of the present invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying figures. They show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a loading area 2 of a vehicle 100 with a fastening device 1 according to the invention Fig. 2 shows a perspective exploded view of an embodiment of the fastening device 1 according to the invention Fig. 3 shows the Fig. 2 shown embodiment of the fastening device 1 in a detailed representation Fig. 4a shows a fastening element 10 in a first embodiment Fig. 4b shows a fastening element 10 in a second embodiment

[0023] Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a loading area 2 of a vehicle 100, which is to be equipped with appropriate furnishings for transporting tools, work materials, and other items. The loading area 2 is surrounded laterally by a body (not shown). In the rear half, the wheel arches 3 of the rear wheels, which define the loading area 2, are indicated at the edges.

[0024] A fastening device 1 in an embodiment according to the invention is arranged on the side wall of the body (not shown). It consists of three horizontally arranged mounting rails 20, wherein the lowest mounting rail 20 is arranged around the wheel house 3 and thus also has vertical sections. The mounting rails 20 are preferably fastened to the vehicle structure by means of threaded rivets. Fastening elements 10 are arranged on the mounting rails 20, which fasten various support devices, which then serve for the actual fastening or holding of the objects to be transported, to the vehicle side wall. Examples of corresponding support devices are shown in Fig. 1 vertical support 30 and a support frame 40 are shown, which has an adapted support device 41 to which specially designed tools can be attached.

[0025] Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of an exploded view of the Fig. 1. The mounting rail 20 is designed with a C-shaped cross-section and has two rail wings 22 which form a groove 21 between them. In the embodiment shown, the groove 21 is designed identically over the entire length of the mounting rail 20 and has no locking devices or the like, so that fastening elements 10 can be flexibly fastened over the entire length of the mounting rail 20. A guide element 24 is inserted into the groove 21 and, on its own, i.e. without a fastening element 10 attached to it, is displaceable in the groove 21 along the longitudinal axis of the mounting rail 20, which is aligned in the direction of travel. However, the guide element 24 is not movable in the groove 21 transversely to the longitudinal direction of the mounting rail 20.

[0026] Furthermore, the fastening device 1 comprises a fastening element 10, which is again formed from a mounting section 12 and a fastening section 11. The fastening section 11 is provided with corresponding fastening recesses 16 to enable the fastening of a piece of furniture to the fastening element 10. The fastening element 10 is fastened to the mounting section 12 on the guide element 24, which is located in the groove 21 in the mounted state. For this purpose, corresponding fastening recesses 16 are provided in the mounting section 12 and receptacles 241, for example in the form of threaded holes, for corresponding fastening means.

[0027] Furthermore, a guide section 15 is provided on the fastening element 10, which is also inserted into the groove 21 analogously to the guide element 24.

[0028] To insert the guide element 24 and the guide section 15 into the groove 21, several threading openings 23 are provided in the mounting rail in the form of local widenings of the groove 21. The guide element 24 and the guide section 15 can be threaded into these.

[0029] Between the fastening section 11 and the mounting section 12 of the fastening element 10, a securing knot 13 is provided, which is fixed by means of a rivet 14.

[0030] In the embodiment shown, the fastening section 11 and the mounting section 12 form a 90-degree angle.

[0031] Fig. 3 shows the Fig. 2 already shown embodiment of the fastening device 1 according to the invention in an assembled state. In contrast to Fig. 2, a vertical support 30 is shown attached to the attachment section 11 of the attachment element 10 via fastening means 19. Furthermore, the attachment element 10 is attached to the mounting section 12 by means of fastening means 19 in the form of screws to the mounting rail 20 or the guide element 24 inserted in the mounting rail 20.

[0032] The fastening means 19 are connected to the receptacles 241 of the guide element 24 through the correspondingly provided fastening recesses 16 in the mounting section 12. As a result, the guide element 24 is pressed from the inside against the rail wings 22 of the groove 21, and the mounting section 12 is pressed from the outside against the rail wings 22, thus mutually bracing them, so that the fastening element 10 is fixed to the mounting rail 20. The rail wings 22 and the mounting section 12 are shaped such that they rest against one another over as wide a surface as possible, in order to increase the friction between the two components and to make movement of the fastening element 10 in the mounting rail 20 more difficult. Furthermore, the stability of the fastening device 1 is improved in this way. In the embodiment shown, the mounting section 12 of the fastening element 10 and the rail wings 22 are designed as a flat, level surface.The mounting section corresponds in height to the height of the mounting rail to allow for the largest possible contact surface. The contact surface on the mounting rail 20 between the fastening element 10 and the mounting rail 20 is referred to as the press section.

[0033] It should be noted that fastening means 19 other than screws can also be used to attach the fastening element 10 to the mounting rail or a piece of furniture to the fastening element 10. Nevertheless, the use of appropriate screws, particularly DIN-standardized ones, is preferred, as these are inexpensive to obtain and widely available. Furthermore, screws can be easily removed and reused, thus ensuring the overall flexibility of the fastening device 1.

[0034] The one in the Fig. The vertical support 30 shown in Figure 3 has holders 31 into which corresponding holding devices designed to accommodate the objects to be transported can be suspended. Holding devices can be, for example, tool boxes or the like.

[0035] The highest loads for a fastening device 1 in vehicles occur in frontal collisions. In this case, an acceleration acts on the cargo in the direction of travel, which means that the fastening device 1 must be designed, particularly with regard to such a load and corresponding force, in such a way that cargo or furnishings generally do not leave the fastening. Therefore, a corresponding load is simulated when determining the suitability and approval of a fastening device 1 for road traffic. For this purpose, a force is simulated which acts on the fastening device 1 in the direction of travel at a maximum angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal direction of travel. In such simulations, the fastening device 1 must withstand accelerations of up to 20G on the furnishing attached to the fastening device 1.

[0036] The fastening device 1 according to the invention has different elements for energy absorption and thus serves as a type of multi-stage energy buffer in which the kinetic energy of the furnishings released by the load of an accident can be absorbed and dissipated, if possible without causing major structural damage to the entire fastening system and without a furnishing item becoming detached from the fastening element 10.

[0037] First, in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the vertical support 30 absorbs energy and also transfers the energy to the fastening device 1. Thus, a moment acts on the fastening section 11, which leads to an increase in the angle between the mounting section 12 and the fastening section 11. However, before a significant deformation of the fastening element 10 occurs, the securing knot 13 absorbs energy by being destroyed. By destroying the securing knot 14 and the deformation of the fastening device 1, the kinetic energy of the furnishings can be dissipated. When the fastening element 10 is in the fully extended state, the fastening element 10 is pulled along the groove 21 by means of the guide element 24 arranged in the mounting rail 20.Due to the high friction between the fastening element 10 and the mounting rail 20, energy can continue to be dissipated before a force is introduced into the mounting rail 20, which could potentially lead to deformation of the mounting rail 20 and thus the vehicle structure. Thus, a total of four locations are provided where the kinetic energy of the fittings can be dissipated before structural damage to the vehicle occurs.

[0038] The various components of the fastening device 1 as well as the different fastenings between the fastening element 10 and the mounting rail 20 or vertical support 30 or piece of furniture can be designed such that a controlled failure of the individual components occurs one after the other, thus allowing controlled dissipation of the energy. For example, it is preferable if components that are easy and inexpensive to replace fail first, before potentially larger and more expensive structural damage occurs. Preferably, the fastening device 1 is designed such that a targeted slipping of the fastening element 10 within the groove 21 initially occurs. Subsequently, the fastening element 10 is deformed, resulting in the destruction of the rivet 14 of the securing knot 13.Alternatively, the securing node can also be designed such that the upper node section 131 and the lower node section 132 tear out due to the shear stress, thus destroying the securing node. If energy remains in the system that cannot be further absorbed by the previous measures, this is absorbed by a deformation of the vertical support 30, so that a deformation of the mounting rail 20 and thus damage to the vehicle structure only needs to occur if the energy could not be absorbed by the other components of the fastening system. The fastenings to the fastening element 10 must be designed such that neither the piece of furniture detaches from the fastening element 10 nor the fastening element 10 itself detaches from the mounting rail 20.

[0039] The Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b show fastening elements 10 in various embodiments. Depending on the intended use, the geometry of the fastening section 11 or the mounting section 12 can be designed differently. The fastening recesses 16 in the fastening section 11 and the mounting section 12 can also be designed either as round holes or elongated holes, which can also have different orientations.

[0040] While Fig. 4a shows an embodiment with only one fastening section 11, the fastening element 10 according to Fig. 4b has two fastening sections 11, which are arranged opposite one another on the mounting section 12 and thus have parallel surfaces. In both embodiments, the fastening section 11 and the mounting section 12 are designed as flat surfaces that enclose a 90-degree angle between them. It is also possible to provide other angles or to design the fastening section 11 and / or the mounting section 12 not as a flat surface.

[0041] The securing knot 13 with a rivet 14 is provided between the mounting section 12 and the fastening section 11. This has an upper knot section 131 and a lower knot section 132 (see Fig.4a), which are arranged parallel to one another and perpendicular to both the mounting section 12 and the fastening section 11. The upper node section 131 and the lower node section 132 are penetrated by a rivet 14, which is positioned perpendicular to them. In the embodiment shown, the upper node section 131 is connected to the fastening section 11, while the lower node section 132 is connected to the mounting section 12, although correspondingly opposite embodiments are also possible. The node sections 131, 132 are formed as one piece with the mounting section 12 or fastening section 11, for example by bending. Embodiments are also conceivable in which the node sections 131, 132 are fastened to the fastening section 11 or the mounting section 12 by joining processes.The securing knot 13 can absorb a moment that compresses the angle between the fastening section 11 and the mounting section 12. Several rivets 14 can also be used. LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS 1 fastening system 2 loading area 3 wheel arch 10 Fastening element 11 Fastening section 12 Assembly section 13 safety knots 131 upper node section 132 lower node section 14 rivets 15 Guide section 16 Mounting recess 19 Fasteners 20 mounting rail 21 grooves 22 rail wings 23 Threading opening 24 Guide element 241 recording 30 vertical beams 31 Bracket 40 support frames 41 carrying devices 100 vehicles

Claims

[1] Fastening device (1) for fastening furnishings in a vehicle (100), comprising at least one mounting rail (20) which is fastened to a vehicle structure, with at least one groove (21) arranged along at least a partial area of ​​the mounting rail (20), a guide element (24) which is arranged in the groove (21) of the mounting rail (20) and whose cross-section is designed such that the guide element (24) is movable in the longitudinal direction of the mounting rail (20) within the groove (21), but immovable perpendicular to any transverse direction of the mounting rail (20), and a fastening element (10) with at least one fastening section (11) and one mounting section (12), wherein the at least one fastening section (11) is designed to be connected to the furnishings and the mounting section (12) is fastened to the guide element (24) by means of at least one fastening means, and wherein a defined angle is further provided between the at least one fastening section (11) and the one mounting section (12), wherein between the at least one fastening section (11) and the mounting section (12) a securing node (13) consisting of an upper node section (131) and a lower node section (132) is provided, wherein the upper node section (131) is connected to the at least one fastening section (11) or the mounting section (12) and the lower node section (132) is connected to the corresponding other section, and wherein a rivet (14) is provided which extends through both the upper node section (131) and the lower node section (132). [2] Fastening device (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the mounting rail (20) has two rail wings (22) between which the groove (21) is formed. [3] Fastening device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the mounting rail (20) is at least partially fastened horizontally to the vehicle structure. [4] Fastening device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper node section (131) and the lower node section (132) are arranged parallel to each other. [5] Fastening device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fastening element (10) has at least one guide section (15) which is arranged within the groove (21) of the mounting rail (20) and is designed to prevent movement of the fastening element (10) in the transverse direction to the mounting rail (20). [6] Fastening device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the mounting rail (20) has at least one threading opening (23) in the groove (21), which is designed such that the guide element (24) and / or a guide section (15) arranged on the fastening element (10) can be inserted into the groove (21) through it. [7] Fastening device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the defined angle between the fastening portion (11) and the mounting portion (12) is 90 degrees. [8] Vehicle (100) comprising a fastening device (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

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