Testing system for checking local material stiffness

Abstract

The invention relates to a testing system for checking local material stiffness at a bearing interface of a test specimen. It comprises at least one test adapter on which at least one measuring element for acquiring measured values ​​to determine the material stiffness is at least indirectly arranged. The test adapter has a counter-receptacle complementary to a receptacle of the bearing interface. The test adapter can be fixedly held within the receptacle by means of the counter-receptacle. Furthermore, the test adapter has a base body with a mounting area on which a clamping set is arranged as the counter-receptacle. The clamping set is designed such that, when the counter-receptacle is arranged within the receptacle of the test specimen in a clamped state, the test adapter can be releasably held by means of at least one frictional engagement.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a testing system for checking local material stiffness at a bearing interface of a test specimen and its use according to the preambles of the independent claims. State of the art

[0002] During the development of many products, it is necessary to carry out functional testing of a product in a given development stage in advance during operation. The aim here is in particular to check operating parameters and performance to ensure that they meet set specifications and, if necessary, to continue with product development on the basis of the findings from the testing or to adapt them accordingly. Such tests are generally not carried out during development in the actual operating environment of the product to be tested. Instead, testing is carried out using appropriately equipped test benches. The design of the test benches is significantly reduced compared to later, real-life operating environments. For example, appropriately interconnected aluminum profiles can be used as a test bench to functionally simulate the frame or chassis of a motor vehicle.For example, a wheel suspension can then be functionally tested on this test bench. Test benches are often subject to requirements such that they are only suitable for use if their behavioral properties correspond to the operating environment of the product being tested, at least within specified limits. A particularly crucial property is material stiffness, which can influence the operation of a product during operation, for example, through particular vibration behavior. Therefore, it is important to determine the suitability of a test bench accordingly, given the diversity of products. Otherwise, the test results obtained can deviate significantly from actual operating results. In principle, a specially manufactured test bench with behavior that corresponds to the operating environment can be used for each product to be tested.

[0003] If several test benches already exist, the most suitable test bench for a product to be tested can be selected or determined by checking their local material properties. For measuring local material stiffnesses using sensors, measuring methods are known which, after a defined vibration excitation of the test bench at a specific point using an impact hammer, record the system-specific vibration response - in particular the vibration characteristics over time - and determine the corresponding local material stiffness using appropriate physically based calculation methods. The test benches feature a bearing point, for example in the form of a bearing block, which usually corresponds to the actual mounting interface of the product being tested. The sensors are mounted on corresponding cylindrical bushings and are glued into the bearing point of the test bench via their outer cylindrical surfaces, ensuring no play. This provides a rigid connection for unadulterated vibration recording. However, after the test, it is necessary to remove the bushing and the adhesive layer from the bearing point. With many test benches and products to be tested, the testing process is correspondingly time-consuming and therefore costly. Disclosure of the invention

[0004] The invention is based on the object of carrying out the testing or determination of a local material stiffness on any test specimen in a flexible and simplified manner.

[0005] This object is achieved by a testing system for checking local material stiffnesses at a bearing interface of a test specimen and its use with the characterizing features of the independent claims.

[0006] The invention therefore relates to a testing system for checking local material stiffness at a bearing interface of a test specimen, comprising at least one test adapter on which at least one measuring element for recording measured values ​​for determining the material stiffness is at least indirectly arranged. The test adapter has a counter-receptacle complementary to a receptacle of the bearing interface, by means of which the test adapter can be held stationary within the receptacle. The test adapter further comprises a base body with a fastening area on which a clamping set is arranged as the counter-receptacle. The clamping set is designed in such a way that, when the counter-receptacle is arranged within the test specimen holder in a clamped state, it can be releasably held in place by means of at least one frictional connection. It has been found that such a frictional connection enables undistorted measurement results. The clamping set very easily forms a play-free, rigid connection with the bearing point for a test situation. In turn, the connection can be released immediately and without residue as soon as the test situation is ended. The design can be comparatively compact and, advantageously, clamping sets that are freely available on the market can be used.Such clamping sets cover a specific clamping range so that the test adapter can be used flexibly for different test situations, including different holders of the test specimen within the covered clamping range.

[0007] The measures listed in the dependent claims enable advantageous further developments and improvements of the test system according to the invention.

[0008] In an advantageous embodiment of the test system, the base body has a stop on a side facing away from the fastening area for establishing a stationary holding position of the test adapter in the holder of a test specimen. This allows, on the one hand, a consistent, repeatable test situation to be created every time. Thus, the test results remain completely comparable. On the other hand, the stop establishes a holding position at which the frictional engagement formed by the clamping assembly can be achieved at the optimal location within the bearing point. As will be explained later, the stop also simply provides a counterbearing against which the clamping assembly can be securely brought into a clamped state.A tension state is therefore present when the clamping set is locally displaced in such a way that it forms a holding contact force with respect to a physically adjacent counter surface, whereby the contact surface formed in this way can only be displaced laterally within the contact surfaces by overcoming the frictional force effective in the contact surface.

[0009] In a further advantageous embodiment of the testing system, the fastening area of ​​the base body and the clamping set have a common orientation axis for inserting the test adapter into the holder of a test specimen. The frictional connection can then be formed by at least one clamping force acting in the direction of or parallel to the orientation axis on at least part of the clamping set in such a way that a clamped state of the clamping set is brought about when the counter holder of the test adapter is arranged within the holder of the test specimen. This advantageously results in easy centering on the test adapter so that the clamping set can be arranged centrally on all sides relative to the holder. This means that a frictional connection is equally effective in all contact surfaces and an ideal flow of force is achieved from the test adapter to the bearing point and / or returned.

[0010] Preferred embodiments of the test system are those in which the clamping force is achieved by a radial expansion of the clamping set relative to the orientation axis. Advantageously, even small radial expansions can achieve very high clamping forces. Furthermore, an assembly space initially kept free for the insertion of the test adapter into the test specimen holder is then available as a usable functional space for the test adapter, for example, for arranging a functional mechanism for achieving the clamping force for the clamping set.

[0011] In general, significant advantages arise from a test system design in which the fastening area of ​​the base body is configured such that, together with the test specimen holder, it forms a pair of an opening and a mandrel. When the counter-holder of the test adapter is arranged within the test specimen holder, the mandrel is then at least partially located within the opening, and the clamping set is positioned between the opening and the mandrel. This design allows for very compact designs for a wide variety of application requirements. Furthermore, tolerances can be kept very small, allowing the frictional engagement to develop equally on all sides.

[0012] A particularly advantageous design of the testing system is one in which the clamping set comprises at least one conical clamping sleeve which at least partially or completely has the outer surface of a cone or truncated cone. The stationary connection can then only be formed by frictional engagement when the outer surface comes into force-loaded contact with a conical counter-surface of the test specimen holder, with a conical counter-surface of the fastening area of ​​the base body, or with a conical counter-surface of another clamping sleeve of the clamping set. However, if there is no such force-loaded contact, the connection is broken. This means that such a testing system can be deployed very quickly and removed again quickly, allowing testing processes to be implemented very quickly and without great expense.

[0013] An advantageous development of the last-mentioned embodiment of the test system is that the clamping set has at least two, three or more conical clamping sleeves arranged alternately in a row. In this case, complementary conical outer surfaces facing one another are formed on two adjacent clamping sleeves, and an outwardly facing cylindrical surface is formed on one clamping sleeve and an inwardly facing cylindrical surface is formed on the other clamping sleeve. When the clamping set is clamped, a force-actuated system contact can then be formed between the inwardly facing cylindrical surface of a respective clamping sleeve and the fastening area of ​​the base body, between the outwardly facing cylindrical surface of a respective clamping sleeve and the test specimen holder, and between the complementary outer surfaces of adjacent clamping sleeves.On the one hand, this method allows for very high clamping forces and thus a very effective frictional connection. Furthermore, possible tolerances in the direction of the orientation axis at the mounting area or the test specimen holder can be compensated for. The clamping sleeves arranged in series always ensure contact with the system and thus the formation of a frictional connection in the direction of the orientation axis.

[0014] Particular advantages are provided by an embodiment of the test system in which the test adapter has a pressure element, in particular a pressure disk, which is arranged adjacent to the clamping set and which, by means of a locking element adjustable relative to the base body, can be displaced relative to the clamping set in such a way that, after contact with the system, the clamping force can be generated with further displacement and its force value can be adjusted. Thus, the test adapter already comprises all the components required for the stationary fastening and release of the test adapter itself. Likewise, the required frictional engagement is always ensured by a corresponding adjustment of the locking element, possibly monitored by displacement and / or force.In this context, for example, a very effective design can be implemented in which the fastening area has a threaded section at the end, in particular an external thread, forming the adjustment element, and the pressure element has a complementary counter-thread, in particular in the form of a threaded nut. Another exemplary simple design is provided in that the fastening area has a threaded section at the end, in particular an internal thread, wherein a locking screw can be screwed through an opening in the pressure disk into the internal thread in such a way that the pressure disk, when the counter-receptacle is arranged within the receptacle of the test specimen, acts with a clamping force on at least part of the clamping force. A generally advantageous design of the test system is one in which the test specimen holder and / or the clamping assembly can be clamped in a sandwich-like manner between the pressure element and the stop on the base body. This allows access to a majority of conceivable bearing points on a test specimen for testing the local material stiffness at those locations, without the need for additional tools to secure or secure the test adapter within the test specimen holder.

[0015] There are various options available for the measuring system used in conjunction with the test adapter for testing local material stiffness. A measuring sensor, in particular an acceleration sensor and / or a force sensor, is advantageously used as the measuring element. These provide sensor values ​​within a defined test situation that enable the determination of the locally effective material stiffness. Optionally or additionally, the measuring element can also be provided by a measuring surface arranged on the test adapter, in particular on the base body, for scanning by a mechanical or optical position detection system. The position detection system is arranged in a measuring arrangement such that, for example, a scanning laser beam or a contacting mechanical probe has direct, unhindered access to the measuring surface.Advantageously, the local material stiffness can then be determined using known physical calculation methods on the basis of the sensor values ​​recorded and provided by the measuring elements, for example distance, acceleration and / or speed measured values, in particular over a test time profile.

[0016] To carry out a test procedure within a defined test situation, the test adapter has a force introduction area which is designed to introduce a force impulse from an impact hammer into the test adapter. The force introduction area is preferably formed integrally on the base body. In addition, it preferably has at least three flat surfaces oriented relative to one another in different spatial directions for the force introduction. For example, the force introduction area is designed as a rectangular or square dome protruding from an end face facing away from the fastening area of ​​the base body. The freely accessible side surfaces can be used as the flat surfaces for force introduction in a specific spatial direction. The measuring sensor can also be arranged on one of the side surfaces for recording measured values ​​within a defined test situation.Furthermore, one of the side surfaces can also be designed as the measuring surface described above.

[0017] Major advantages arise from a design of the testing system that includes a set of at least two or more different test adapters, with different test adapters covering different size ranges for test specimen receptacles. Accordingly, the testing system can be implemented in a mobile manner with different test adapters. For example, the various test specimens can be stored within a case. When required for testing, the set of available test adapters can simply be brought to each test specimen on site. On-site, the appropriate test adapter can then be selected from the set to suit the test specimen's storage location. Accordingly, the set of test adapters can be flexibly deployed for changing test specimen use in a given test situation.

[0018] In a special embodiment, the testing system also comprises an evaluation unit which, when the counter-receptacle of the test adapter is arranged within the receptacle of the test specimen and after vibration excitation of the test adapter and / or the test specimen, determines an effective material stiffness on the basis of one or more recorded sensor values, in particular acceleration values, speed values ​​and / or path lengths. The determination is carried out with the aid of known calculation algorithms, taking into account certain recorded and provided sensor values. The calculation algorithms map the transfer function of the test bench, which is reflected in a force excitation of the test bench through a system response. The invention also leads to a use of a testing system according to at least one of the previously described embodiments for orwhen testing the material stiffness of bearing interfaces, wheel suspension systems, engine / electric drive attachment points, engine / electric drive subframe attachment points, and other systems, particularly motor vehicle assemblies. Furthermore, it is preferably used within a functional test bench for testing functional components or assemblies, for example, in the form of the systems described above. The functional test bench comprises a frame and a bearing point connected to the frame. The frame and the bearing point simulate the operating conditions of a real operating environment for the functional components or assemblies.Using the test system, the suitability of a functional test bench with a sufficient simulation of the real operating environment for the functional component or functional group to be tested can be determined, for example, by replicating a specific motor vehicle chassis. A test bench mounting point is typically selected for the test bench that corresponds to the real counter-support for attaching the functional component or functional group to be tested. For an accurate measurement of the local dynamic stiffness, the measuring accelerometer must be aligned with the excitation force line and placed as close as possible to the test bench mounting point. Short description of the drawings

[0019] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawings. These show: Fig. 1: schematically in a perspective view a testing system for testing a local material stiffness in a bearing point of a test specimen in the context of a test situation, Fig. 2a: a first example design of a test adapter in a lateral sectional view, Fig. 2b: a second example design of a test adapter in a side sectional view. Fig. 2c: a third example design of a test adapter in a lateral sectional view, Fig. 2d: a fourth example design of a test adapter in a lateral sectional view, Fig. 3: an exemplary set of different test adapters that are coordinated with each other. Embodiments of the invention

[0020] In the figures, functionally identical components are identified by the same reference numerals.

[0021] In the Fig. 1 shows a purely schematic perspective view of a testing system 100 for testing local material stiffness in a bearing point of a test specimen 200 in a test situation. The test situation can, for example, be set up such that the actual local material stiffness at the bearing point 220 of a functional component or functional assembly is tested or determined. The functional component or functional assembly can, for example, be a windshield wiper system, a window lifting system, a trunk opening system, a wheel suspension system, or another system with bearings, in particular within a motor vehicle. In these cases, the bearing point 220 can be connected via connecting elements within the test specimen 200 or, if necessary, can be formed onto a specific sub-element 210 of the test specimen 200.

[0022] Likewise, the test specimen 200 can be a functional test bench on which, for example, operating parameters of functional elements or functional assemblies to be tested—for example, those described above—are determined. In these cases, the test system is used to verify the suitability for adequately replicating a real operating environment for the functional element or functional assembly. Of particular importance here is the verification of the local material stiffness in the bearing point 220, which is designed to secure the functional element or functional assembly. Under operating conditions, the system responses of the functional test bench must essentially correspond to the real operating environment, for example, a specific vehicle chassis of a motor vehicle, or at least within specified limit ranges.The bearing point 220 provided by the functional test bench generally corresponds to a real counter bearing for mounting the functional element or functional assembly to be tested. The bearing point 220 is connected to a base frame of the functional test bench 200, for example, with a screw connection. The base frame can be made of aluminum profiles.

[0023] The test system 100 comprises at least one test adapter 10, which is fixedly received or held in the bearing point 220. To perform a test in a test situation, the test adapter 10 has a force introduction region 12, which is designed to introduce a force pulse F from an impact hammer (not shown) into the test adapter 10. The force pulse is then transmitted via the test adapter 10, the connection region 20 with the bearing point 220, the bearing point 220 itself into the test specimen 200, for example, the functional test bench 200, and there, depending on the local material stiffness, provokes a system response that can be measured on the test adapter 10 by at least one measuring element 30. The force introduction region 12 is, for example, a dome, particularly rectangular or square in cross-section, which protrudes from a terminal end face 11.a of the test adapter 10.To allow access for an impact hammer, the dome, with its at least three flat surfaces 13 oriented to all three spatial planes, protrudes in particular beyond the bearing point 220. The dome is preferably formed integrally on a base body 11 of the test adapter 10. A force pulse F oriented in a spatial direction x, y, z can be introduced into the test adapter 10 via all of these flat surfaces 13. The measuring element 30 can be arranged on a flat surface 13 opposite each of the aforementioned flat surfaces 13 for measuring the system response in at least one spatial direction x, y, z corresponding to the impact direction of the impact hammer.

[0024] In the Fig. 1, a sensor element 30.1 is shown arranged on a flat surface 13 as the measuring element 30. The sensor element 30.1 is preferably a force, acceleration and / or speed sensor, which detects and stores the corresponding sensor values ​​when the system responds over time. Additionally or alternatively, one of the flat surfaces 13 can be designed as a measuring surface 30.2 for scanning by a mechanical or optical position detection system (not shown). A laser system, for example, is used as the optical system, by means of which a laser beam is directed onto the measuring surface 30.2 and, when the system responds in a test situation, determines the changed travel time to the measuring surface 30.2. A similar solution can be achieved using a mechanical scanning arm, which rests against the measuring surface 30.2 and metrologically determines the corresponding movement characteristics.For the measured values ​​obtained from a system response, in particular force values, acceleration values, speed values ​​and / or path lengths over a time course, the local material stiffness in the bearing point 220 of the test specimen 200 is determined by an evaluation unit 40 which is in operative connection with the measuring element 30.

[0025] The test adapter 10 has a counter-receptacle 14 complementary to a receptacle 224 of the bearing interface 220, by means of which the test adapter 10 can be held stationary within the receptacle 224. For simple and flexible testing of local material stiffness, the test adapter 10 has a fastening area 11.b formed on the base body 11, on which a clamping set 20 is arranged as the counter-receptacle 14. The clamping set 20 is designed such that, when the counter-receptacle 14 is arranged within the receptacle 224 of the test body 200 in a clamped state, it can be releasably held by means of at least one frictional engagement.

[0026] There are various possibilities for designing the test adapter 10 with a clamping set 20, whereby the following examples - as shown in the Fig. 2a to 2d. All exemplary embodiments have in common that the fastening region 11.b of the base body 11 is designed such that, together with the receptacle 220 of the test specimen 200, it provides a pair of an opening and a mandrel. When the counter-receptacle 14 is arranged within the receptacle 224, the mandrel is arranged at least partially within the opening and the clamping set 20 is arranged between the opening and the mandrel. The mandrel is preferably designed with a cylindrical shape, and the opening, in contrast, has a corresponding opening with a circular cross-section. Furthermore, all exemplary embodiments have a stop 11.c for establishing a stationary holding position of the test adapter 10 in the receptacle 224 of the test specimen 200. Another common feature is that the fastening region 11.b of the base body 11 and the clamping set 20 have a common orientation axis S for inserting the test adapter 10 into the receptacle 224 of the test specimen 200. A clamping state of the clamping set 20 is achieved when at least one clamping force VK acting in the direction of or parallel to the orientation axis S is maintained on at least a portion of the clamping set 20. Such an acting clamping force VK causes the clamping set 20 to expand radially relative to the orientation axis S. Starting from a minimum outer diameter of the clamping set 20 in a tension-free state, the outer diameter can be brought into contact with the receptacle 224 of the test specimen 200 to a maximum radially expanded outer diameter D by means of the clamping force VK, forming a frictional connection. In all embodiments, the clamping set 20 further comprises at least one conical clamping sleeve 20.a, 20.b, 20.c, which at least partially or completely has a lateral surface 20.12 of a cone or truncated cone. In addition, the test adapter 10 always has a pressure element 16, which is arranged adjacent to the clamping set 20, in particular on an end side of the base body 11 facing away from the force introduction area 12. The pressure element 16 can be displaced relative to the clamping set 20 by means of a locking element 15, in particular in the direction of the orientation axis S. With increasing displacement, with the formation of contact between the outer surface of the clamping set 20 and the counter surface of the receptacle 224, the clamping force VK can be adjusted in its force value, and thus also the frictional engagement that can be formed. The exemplary embodiments all additionally show a clamping principle in which the receptacle 224 of the test specimen 200 and / or the clamping set 20 is clamped in a sandwich-like manner between the pressure element 16 and the stop 11.c on the base body 11.

[0027] In the Fig. 1 shows the special feature of a first embodiment of the testing system 100. Thus, the clamping set 20 has at least two, three shown as an example, but conceivably also more, conical clamping sleeves 20.a, 20.b, 20.c arranged alternately next to one another. Each two adjacent clamping sleeves 20.a, 20.b, 20.c additionally have complementary conical outer surfaces 20.12 facing one another. Furthermore, an outwardly facing cylindrical surface 20.a2, 20.c2 is formed on each of the clamping sleeves 20.a, 20.b, 20.c, and an inwardly facing cylindrical surface 20.b1 is formed on the respective adjacent clamping sleeve 20.a, 20.b, 20.c. If the clamping set 20 is subjected to a corresponding clamping force VK, then there is a gap between the inwardly facing cylindrical surface 20.b1 of a respective clamping sleeve 20.a, 20.b, 20.c and the fastening area 11.b of the base body 11 and between the outwardly facing cylindrical surface 20.a2, 20.c2 of a respective clamping sleeve 20.a, 20.b, 20.c and the receptacle 224 of the test specimen 200 and between the complementary outer surfaces 20.12 of the respective clamping sleeves 20.a, 20.b, 20.c, the system contact subjected to the force is formed. The clamping force VK is formed by means of a locking screw 15.a and a thrust washer 16.a. The locking screw 15.a penetrates a central opening of the thrust washer 16.a and is screwed to an internal thread formed in the base body 11. With the appropriate tightening of the locking screw 15.a, the thrust washer 16.a is pressed against one of the clamping sleeves 20.a facing it and pushed onto the other clamping sleeves 20.b, 20.c, forming respective system contacts. This creates a frictional connection in all adjacent cylindrical and conical surfaces, creating a clamping state of the clamping set 20. By loosening the locking screw 15 accordingly, the clamping set 20 is released.a the state of tension and thus also the stationary arrangement of the test adapter 10 with the holder 224 of the test specimen 200 can be resolved.

[0028] In the Fig. 2b shows a second embodiment. In contrast to the embodiment according to Fig. 2a, the thrust washer 16 is designed in the form of a locking nut 15.b. The locking is then achieved via a corresponding counter-thread, which is protruding in a pin-like manner at the end of the base body 11.

[0029] In the Fig. 2c shows a third embodiment. In contrast to the embodiment according to Fig. 2a, the clamping assembly 20 has only one clamping sleeve 20.a with an outwardly facing conical clamping surface. Furthermore, a correspondingly complementary conical counter-surface is formed in the receptacle 224 of the test specimen 200. In the clamped state of the clamping assembly 20, there is contact between the conical surfaces and between the inwardly facing cylindrical surface of the clamping sleeve 20.a and the fastening area 11.b, forming a force-loaded contact point, forming a frictional connection.

[0030] In the Fig. 2d shows a fourth embodiment. In contrast to the embodiment according to Fig. 2a, the counter-receptacle 14 of the test adapter 10 is provided in the form of an opening with a circular cross-section. This provides an exemplary embodiment for bearing points 220 of a test specimen 200 with a pin-shaped, cylindrical receptacle 224. The bearing body then acts as a pressure element 16 in the area of ​​the pin.

[0031] The Fig. Figure 3 shows a set of various, coordinated test adapters 10, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, for example, two, three, or more. All test adapters 10, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 are generally constructed identically. The distinction is evident in the magnitude of the respective outer diameters d ... D that can be formed on the clamping set 20, such that the different test adapters 10, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 cover various size ranges of receptacles 224 for use on test specimens 200. Alternatively, individual test adapters 10, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 can also differ in their basic construction to cover the various size ranges.

Claims

[1] Test system (100) for checking local material stiffness at a bearing interface (220) of a test body (200), with at least one test adapter (10) on which at least one measuring element (30) for recording measured values ​​for determining the material stiffness is arranged at least indirectly, wherein the test adapter (10) has a counter-receptacle (14) complementary to a receptacle (224) of the bearing interface (220), by means of which the test adapter (10) can be held stationary within the receptacle (224), characterized by that the test adapter (10) has a base body (11) with a fastening area (11.b), on which a clamping set (20) is arranged as the counter-receptacle (14), which clamping set is designed in such a way that, when the counter-receptacle (14) is arranged within the receptacle (224) of the test body (200), the test adapter (10) can be releasably held again by means of at least one frictional engagement. [2] Test system (100) according to claim 1, characterized by that the base body (11) has a stop (11.c) on a side facing away from the fastening area (11.b) for determining a stationary holding position of the test adapter (10) in the receptacle of a test body (200). [3] Test system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by in that the fastening region (11.b) of the base body (11) and the clamping set (20) have a common orientation axis (S) for introducing the test adapter (10) into the receptacle (224) of a test body (11), wherein the frictional engagement can be formed by at least one clamping force (VK) acting in the direction of or parallel to the orientation axis (S) on at least a part of the clamping set (20) in such a way that a clamped state of the clamping set (20) is brought about when the counter-receptacle (14) of the test adapter (10) is arranged within the receptacle (224) of the test body (200). [4] Test system (100) according to claim 3, characterized bythat the clamping force (VK) causes the clamping set (20) to expand radially relative to the orientation axis (S). [5] Test system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the fastening region (11.b) of the base body (11) is designed in such a way as to provide, together with the receptacle (224) of the test body (200), a pair of an opening and a mandrel, wherein, when the counter-receptacle (14) of the test adapter (10) is arranged within the receptacle (224) of the test body (200), the mandrel is arranged at least partially within the opening and the clamping set (20) is arranged between the opening and the mandrel. [6] Test system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized byin that the clamping set (20) comprises at least one conical clamping sleeve (20.a, 20.b, 20.c) which at least partially or completely has a lateral surface (20.12) of a cone or truncated cone, wherein the stationary connection can only be formed by means of frictional engagement when there is force-loaded contact between the lateral surface (20.12) and a conical counter-surface of the holder of the test specimen (200), with a conical counter-surface of the fastening area (11.b) of the base body (11) or with a conical counter-surface of a further clamping sleeve (20.a, 20.b, 20.c) of the clamping set (20); if there is no such contact, the connection is otherwise released. [7] Test system (100) according to claim 6, characterized bythat the clamping set (20) has at least two, three or more conical clamping sleeves (20.a, 20.b, 20.c) arranged alternately one after the other in such a way that two adjacent clamping sleeves (20.a, 20.b, 20.c) have mutually facing complementary conical shell surfaces (20.12) and one clamping sleeve (20.a, 20.b, 20.c) has an outwardly facing cylindrical surface (20.a2, 20.c2) and the other clamping sleeve (20.a, 20.b, 20.c) has an inwardly facing cylindrical surface (20.b1), wherein in a clamping state of the clamping set (20) between the inwardly facing cylindrical surface (20.b1) of a respective clamping sleeve (20.a, 20.b, 20.c) and the fastening area (11.b) of the base body (11) and between the outwardly facing cylindrical surface (20.a2, 20.c2) of a respective clamping sleeve (20.a, 20.b, 20.c) and the receptacle (224) of the test specimen (200) and between the complementary lateral surfaces (20.12) of respective clamping sleeves (20.a, 20.b, 20.c) the system contact to which the force is applied can be formed. [8] Test system (100) according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized by that the test adapter (10) has a pressure element (16), in particular a pressure disk (16.a), which is arranged adjacent to the clamping set (20) and which can be displaced relative to the clamping set (20) by means of a locking element (15) which can be adjusted relative to the base body (11) in such a way that after a system contact the clamping force (VK) can be formed with further displacement and its force value can be adjusted. [9] Test system (100) according to claim 8, characterized by that the holder (224) of the test specimen (200) and / or the clamping set (20) can be clamped in a sandwich-like manner between the pressure element (16) and the stop (11.c) on the base body (11). [10] Test system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the test adapter (10) comprises a measuring sensor, in particular an acceleration sensor, speed sensor and / or a force sensor, and / or a measuring surface for scanning by a mechanical or optical position detection system as the at least one measuring element. [11] Test system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by in that the test adapter (10) has a force introduction region (12) which is designed to introduce a force pulse of a struck impact hammer into the test adapter (10), which is in particular formed integrally on the base body (11) and has at least three planar surfaces (13) oriented relative to one another in the different spatial directions (x, y, z) for the force introduction. [12] Test system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the test system (100) comprises a set of at least two or more different test adapters (10, 10.a, 10.b, 10.c), wherein different test adapters (10, 10.a, 10.b, 10.c) for use on test specimens (200) cover different size ranges of receptacles (2249). [13] Test system (100) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized by that the test system (100) has an evaluation unit (40) which, when the counter-receptacle (14) is arranged within the receptacle (224) of the test body (200) and after a vibration excitation of the test adapter (10) and / or the test body (200), determines an effective local material stiffness on the basis of one or more detected sensor values, in particular force values, acceleration values, speed values ​​and / or path lengths. [14] Use of a test system (100) according to one of the preceding claims for testing the material stiffness at bearing interfaces (220), in particular of or for windscreen wiper systems, window lifting systems, trunk opening systems, wheel suspension systems or of a functional test bench for testing functional components or functional assemblies, wherein the test bench has a frame and a bearing point connected to the frame and wherein the operating conditions of a real operating environment for the functional components or functional assemblies are simulated by the frame and the bearing point.

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