Hub drive for a vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hub drive (1) for a vehicle comprising a first planetary gear set (4) comprising a first sun gear (11), a first planet carrier (12), and a first ring gear (14). The hub drive (1) further comprises a second planetary gear set (5) comprising a second sun gear (15), a second planet carrier (16), and a second ring gear (18). The hub drive (1) also includes an electrical drive unit (6), an output shaft (19), a stationary component (3), and a switching device (7). The second sun gear (15) is mechanically operatively connected to the electrical drive unit (6), the second planet carrier (16) is permanently and rotationally fixed to the first ring gear (14), and the second ring gear (18) is permanently and rotationally fixed to the stationary component (3). The first planet carrier (12) is mechanically operatively connected to the output shaft (19).The first sun gear (11) can be fixed against rotation on the stationary component (3) via the switching device (7) to provide a first gear. The first sun gear (11) can be connected against rotation to the output shaft (19) via the switching device (7) to provide a second gear. The first sun gear (11) can be connected against rotation to the electric drive unit (6) via the switching device (7) to provide a third gear.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a hub drive for a vehicle. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a vehicle having such a hub drive.

[0002] Human-powered vehicles, such as bicycles, can be equipped with an electric drive system. Such bicycles, designed as e-bikes or pedelecs, usually have a mid-mounted motor located in the area of ​​the bottom bracket. Torque applied by a rider via a pedal crank, as well as torque from the motor, can be transmitted via an endlessly rotating element, such as a chain, to a rear wheel of the bicycle to propel the bicycle. Such a transmission is known, for example, from DE 10 2016 016 003 B3. In addition, an electric wheel hub drive for a bicycle that enables energy recuperation is known, for example, from EP 3 605 809 A1.

[0003] DE 10 2019 202 994 A1 describes a drive unit for electric vehicles consisting of an electric motor and a three-speed manual transmission. The transmission contains two coupled planetary gear sets and three shift elements that enable various gears. The electric motor drives the first sun gear shaft, and the output is provided via the second planetary gear shaft.

[0004] DE 10 2019 202 207 A1 relates to a drive axle of an electrically driven vehicle. This comprises a first and a second electric motor with drive shafts, a first and a second drive wheel, and a first and a second manual transmission. The first electric motor drives the first drive wheel via the first manual transmission. The second electric motor drives the second drive wheel via the second manual transmission. It is proposed that the manual transmissions each be designed as three-speed transmissions with the same gear ratio.

[0005] DE 10 2013 211 301 A1 relates to a drive device with an electric motor. The drive device also includes a planetary gear with an output shaft. The rotor of the electric motor is designed as a ring gear. The planetary gear is arranged in the ring gear. The planetary gear is designed as a hub gear.

[0006] DE 101 27 769 B4 relates to a bicycle with an electric auxiliary drive. The output shaft of an electric motor powered by energy storage devices can be coupled to the rear wheel hub via a planetary gear with three gear stages. The electric motor is designed as a hollow-shaft motor and is arranged coaxially to the center axis of the rear wheel.

[0007] EP 2 204 316 A1 relates to a drive system that drives a vehicle wheel at different speeds. It comprises a gear assembly and a motor that cooperate to move the wheel forward at different speeds.

[0008] The object of the present invention was to provide a hub drive for a vehicle with a compact design and a wide gear ratio. This object is achieved by the hub drive for a vehicle claimed in claim 1 and by the vehicle according to claim 8.

[0009] A hub drive is understood to be a drive that can be arranged in a wheel hub. The vehicle can therefore have a propulsion element, for example a wheel or a chain. The hub drive can be arranged radially within this propulsion element, for example, nested radially within it. In one embodiment, torque from the hub drive is not transmitted to the propulsion element by means of an endless circulating element, for example a chain or a belt. Instead, the propulsion element is directly connected to the hub drive for torque transmission. If the vehicle has multiple propulsion elements, for example multiple wheels, each of these propulsion elements can have its own hub drive. In an alternative embodiment, only one of these propulsion elements has a hub drive. The vehicle can be a human-powered vehicle, for example a bicycle.The bicycle can be an e-bike or pedelec. Alternatively, the vehicle can be a construction, agricultural, or forestry machine.

[0010] For example, the vehicle is a forestry machine in which the hub drive is provided instead of a hydraulic motor. In one embodiment, the vehicle is a four-wheeled vehicle, for example, a passenger car. In an alternative embodiment, the vehicle is an e-scooter.

[0011] The hub drive has a first planetary gear set with a first sun gear, a first planet carrier with a first planet gear rotatably mounted thereon, and a first ring gear. In addition to the first planet gear, further first planet gears can be rotatably mounted on the planet carrier. The first planetary gear set can be designed as a minus planetary gear set, so that the first planet gear meshes with the first sun gear and the first ring gear. In addition, the hub drive comprises a second planetary gear set with a second sun gear, a second planet carrier with a second planet gear rotatably mounted thereon, and a second ring gear. The second planetary gear set can be designed as a minus planetary gear set, so that the second planet gear meshes with the second sun gear and the second ring gear.The second planetary gear set can also have additional second planetary gears in addition to the second planetary gear, which can be rotatably mounted on the second planetary carrier. In one embodiment, the hub drive has only the first and second planetary gear sets and no additional planetary gear sets.

[0012] In addition, the hub drive has an electric drive device, which can be designed as an electric motor. The electric drive device can be electrically connected to a battery, for example, via an inverter. Energy from the battery can be converted into mechanical energy via the inverter and the electric drive device. A torque provided by the electric drive device can be transmitted to a propulsion element of the vehicle. In addition, in one embodiment, an additional torque can be transmitted to the propulsion element, which can be applied, for example, by the muscle power of a driver. This additional torque can be transmitted to the propulsion element by means of an endless circulating element, for example a chain. Furthermore, the hub drive has an output which can be mechanically operatively connected to the propulsion element described above.In one embodiment, the output is permanently connected to the propulsion element in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0013] The hub drive further comprises a stationary component, for example a housing, which can have one or more detachably connected housing sections. The housing can have such a radial extension that the housing can be received radially within the propulsion element. In addition, the hub drive has a switching device, which can be designed as a positive and / or frictional switching device. In one embodiment, the switching device is designed as a dog clutch. The switching device can have one or more switching components that can connect different components of the hub drive to one another in a rotationally fixed manner. The various switching components of the switching device can be combined into a single unit or arranged as individual components at various locations on the hub drive.The switching device can be operated electrically and alternatively or additionally mechanically automatically by a control device and alternatively or additionally manually by an operator.

[0014] The second sun gear of the second planetary gear set is mechanically operatively connected to the electric drive device, for example, permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner. The second planet carrier of the second planetary gear set is permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first ring gear of the first planetary gear set. The second ring gear of the second planetary gear set is permanently fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to a stationary component, for example, the stationary component described above. The first planet carrier of the first planetary gear set is mechanically operatively connected to the output, for example, permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner. In one embodiment, the output is in turn permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the drive element, as described above, so that a permanently rotationally fixed connection can exist between the first planet carrier of the first planetary gear set and the drive element.

[0015] The first sun gear of the first planetary gear set can be fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to a stationary component, for example the stationary component described above or another stationary component, via the switching device in order to provide a first gear. Furthermore, the first sun gear can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the output via the switching device in order to provide a second gear. Furthermore, the first sun gear of the first planetary gear set can be mechanically operatively connected to the electric drive device via the switching device, for example, can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to provide a third gear. In the first gear, a torque of the electric drive device can be transmitted via the second planetary gear set to the first ring gear and from there to the first planet carrier due to the fixed first sun gear.In second gear, due to the interlocked first planetary gear set, torque from the electric drive unit can be transmitted to the output via the second planetary gear set and the first planetary gear set, which is in interlocked orbit. In third gear, in which the first sun gear is mechanically operatively connected to the electric drive unit, torque from the electric drive unit can be transmitted to the output via the first and second planetary gear sets.

[0016] This makes it easy to provide a hub drive with an electric drive system for a vehicle with three different gears, i.e., three different gear ratios. The hub drive is compact and features a wide gear range. At the same time, such a hub drive allows for energy recuperation when used in a bicycle, which can have a positive effect on the bicycle's range.

[0017] If two elements are mechanically operatively connected, they are directly or indirectly coupled to one another in such a way that a movement of one element causes a reaction in the other element. For example, a mechanical operative connection can be provided by a positive or frictional connection. The mechanical operative connection can correspond to the meshing of corresponding toothings of the two elements. Additional elements, such as one or more spur gear stages, can be provided between the elements. A permanently rotationally fixed connection between two elements, on the other hand, is understood to be a connection in which the two elements are rigidly coupled to one another in all intended states of the transmission. The elements can be present as individual components that are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner or as a single piece.A switching element, such as a clutch or brake, can be used to selectively establish or break a rotationally fixed connection between two elements.

[0018] In one embodiment, the electric drive device has a stator and a rotor, wherein the rotor can be arranged coaxially to the stator and radially outside the stator. Consequently, within the scope of this embodiment, the electric drive device can be designed as an external rotor machine. The stator can be permanently fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to a stationary component, for example the stationary component described above or another stationary component. The rotor can be mechanically operatively connected to the second sun gear, for example permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner. Furthermore, the rotor can be mechanically operatively connected, for example rotationally fixed, to the first sun gear via the switching device to provide the third gear.Such an electric drive device designed as an external rotor motor allows for a hub drive with a particularly compact design, which enables easy integration of the hub drive into the hubs of various vehicles. Accordingly, the present embodiment provides a hub drive with particularly high application versatility.

[0019] In one embodiment, the hub drive has a central axis that is non-rotatably connected to a stationary component, for example the stationary component described above or another stationary component. The axis can be a component that can be detachably connected to the stationary component. The various components of the hub drive, i.e. the electric drive device, the switching device, and the planetary gear sets, can be provided coaxially to the central axis. The stator of the electric drive device can be permanently non-rotatably connected to the central axis. Furthermore, the first sun gear of the first planetary gear set can be non-rotatably fixed to the central axis via the switching device to provide the first gear. This embodiment allows for a compact design and simple mounting of the hub drive and drive element.If the vehicle is a bicycle, the central axle can be a thru axle, for example.

[0020] The first planetary gear set is arranged radially outside the electric drive device and substantially at the same axial height as the electric drive device. An axial direction of the hub drive can run in the coaxial direction of the hub drive, for example, in the direction of the central axis described above. A radial direction of the hub drive can run perpendicular to the axial direction. Within the scope of this embodiment, the switching device, the electric drive device, and the second planetary gear set can be arranged one behind the other in this order in the axial direction of the hub drive. As described above, the first planetary gear set can be provided radially outside the electric drive device. This makes it possible to provide a hub drive with a particularly compact design, which leads to the advantages described above.In an alternative embodiment, the different components of the hub drive are arranged in a different order in the axial direction.

[0021] The switching device, the electric drive device, and the planetary gear sets, i.e., the first and second planetary gear sets, can be provided in a common housing. In other words, the hub drive can be housed in a single housing. The housing can be designed to perform a supporting function for various components of the hub drive and to protect the hub drive from contamination. The housing can form the stationary component described above.

[0022] A battery for powering the electric drive device can be provided outside the housing. The housing can have one or more sections that can be detachably connected to one another, as described above. The propulsion element described above can also be arranged outside the housing. In addition to the components of the hub drive described above, one embodiment further comprises a braking device. The braking device can be an emission-free brake, which can also be accommodated in the housing. Accordingly, the housing can assume the function of retaining the brake dust generated during braking in order to minimize or even completely prevent particulate matter from being released into the environment by the hub drive. For this purpose, the housing can have one or more seals that prevent the particulate matter from escaping.

[0023] The braking device can be any desired type of brake, for example a drum brake and / or an internal disc brake. In one embodiment, the output can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the central axis described above by means of the braking device. Alternatively or additionally, the output can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the second ring gear of the second planetary gear set by means of the braking device. By providing the braking device, a hub drive can be provided, by means of which a vehicle can be accelerated via the electric drive device. At the same time, the vehicle can be braked by means of recuperation by the electric drive device. Alternatively or additionally, braking can be effected via the separately provided braking device, which can be designed as a mechanical braking device.

[0024] In one embodiment, the hub drive further comprises a control device that can be configured, i.e. specifically prepared, for example programmed, to automatically shift the various gears, i.e. first, second, and third gear, depending on a required level of assistance. The control device can be provided in or on the housing described above or alternatively or additionally separately therefrom. The required level of assistance can be determined by the control device itself, for example based on one or more measured data. Alternatively or additionally, the required level of assistance can be supplied to the control device. The required level of assistance is a variable that describes the amount of assistance torque to be provided by the electric drive device.

[0025] For example, the control device is configured to shift the hub drive up from first to second and then to third gear, and alternatively or additionally to shift down from third to second and then to first gear. In one embodiment, the control device is further configured to recuperate energy using the electric drive device. Such recuperation allows the vehicle to be braked using the drive device. At the same time, electrical energy can be fed back into the battery described above via the inverter described above, which has a beneficial effect on the vehicle's range.

[0026] The present invention further relates to a vehicle with a hub drive according to one of the previously described embodiments. Regarding the design and advantages of the individual features, reference is made to the above explanations in connection with the hub drive. For example, the vehicle is one of a bicycle, a construction, agricultural, or forestry machine, an electric scooter, and a passenger car. Fig. 1 shows a hub drive for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a hub drive for a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 shows a hub drive for a vehicle according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 1 shows a hub drive 1 for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. The hub drive 1 comprises a central axis 2 and a stationary component 3, wherein the central axis 2 is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to the stationary component 3. In this case, the stationary component is a housing 3. Furthermore, the hub drive 1 comprises a first planetary gear set 4, a second planetary gear set 5, an electric drive device 6 and a switching device 7, all of which are arranged coaxially to one another and coaxially to the central axis 2. In an axial direction A of the hub drive 1, i.e. in the direction of the central axis 2, the switching device 7 is arranged in front of the electric drive device 6, which in turn is provided in front of the second planetary gear set 5.The first planetary gear set 4 is provided essentially at the same axial height as the electric drive device 6 and is arranged radially outside the electric drive device 6.

[0028] In the present embodiment, the hub drive 1 further comprises a drive element 8, which is arranged coaxially with the central axis 2. In the present embodiment, the drive element 8 is a rear wheel of a bicycle. The switching device 7, the electric drive device 6, and the planetary gear sets 4, 5 are housed in a common housing 3 in the present embodiment. The common housing 3 has a radial extent that is smaller than a radial extent of the drive element 8, so that the housing 3 is arranged radially within the drive element 8. In the present embodiment, the central axis 2 is also connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the common housing 3, as explained above.

[0029] The electric drive device 6 has a stator 9, which is permanently connected to the central axis 2 in a rotationally fixed manner. Furthermore, the electric drive device 6 has a rotor 10, which is arranged radially outside the stator 9 and coaxially therewith. Consequently, the electric drive device 6 in the present embodiment is an external rotor machine, in which the rotor 10 is arranged radially outside the stator 9.

[0030] The first planetary gear set 4 has a first sun gear 11, a first planet carrier 12 with planetary gears 13 rotatably mounted thereon, and a first ring gear 14. The first planetary gear set 4 is designed as a negative planetary gear set. The first planetary gears 13 mesh with both the first sun gear 11 and the first ring gear 14. As previously described, the first planetary gear set 4 is provided radially outside the electric drive device 6, so that in a radial direction R of the hub drive 1, the stator 9, the rotor 10, the first sun gear 11, the first planetary gears 13, and the first ring gear 14 are arranged one behind the other in this order.

[0031] The second planetary gear set 5 comprises a second sun gear 15, a second planet carrier 16 with second planet gears 17 rotatably mounted thereon, and a second ring gear 18. The second planetary gear set 5 is arranged in the radial direction R of the hub drive 1 essentially at the level of the stator 9 of the electric drive device 6. In the present embodiment, the second ring gear 18 of the second planetary gear set 5 is provided in the radial direction R within the rotor 10 of the electric drive device 6.

[0032] Furthermore, the hub drive 1 comprises the shifting device 7, which in the present embodiment is designed as a positive-locking shifting device, more precisely as a claw shift. In the present embodiment, the shifting device 7 is arranged in the radial direction R of the hub drive 1 approximately at the center of the stator 9 of the electric drive device 6. By means of the shifting device 7, different components of the hub drive 1 can be connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein the shifting device 7 can have one or more shifting components, for example, one or more claws, for this purpose.

[0033] Furthermore, the hub drive 1 comprises an output 19, which in the present embodiment is permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the drive element 8 and the first planet carrier 12 of the first planetary gear set 4. In the axial direction A of the hub drive 1, the output 19 is provided at the same axial height as the drive element 8 and at the axial height of the end of the switching device 7 facing away from the electric drive device 6.

[0034] In the present embodiment, the second sun gear 15 of the second planetary gear set 5 is permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor 10 of the electric drive device 6. In the present embodiment, the second planet carrier 16 of the second planetary gear set 5 is permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first ring gear 14 of the first planetary gear set 4. The second ring gear 18 of the second planetary gear set 5 is permanently fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to the housing 3. As previously stated, the first planet carrier 12 of the first planetary gear set 4 is permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the output 19 of the hub drive 1.

[0035] Three different gears, i.e., three mutually different gear ratios, can be switched between the electric drive device 6 and the output 19 via the switching device 7. In the present embodiment, the switching takes place by means of a control device 20, which is designed as an electrical control device with a microcontroller. The control device 20 is configured to automatically switch the various gears of the hub drive 1 via the switching device 7. For this purpose, the control device 20 receives a required level of assistance or determines it itself and, on this basis, switches one of the three gears of the hub drive 1 via the switching device 7. In addition, the control device 20 is configured to recuperate energy, for example when driving downhill, via the electric drive device 6 and an inverter (not shown), into a battery (not shown).Such recuperation is also possible for bicycles using the hub drive 1 of the present embodiment, which has a positive effect on the range of the bicycle.

[0036] To provide a first gear of the hub drive 1, the control device 20 is configured to connect the first sun gear 11 of the first planetary gear set 4 to the central axle 2 in a rotationally fixed manner by means of the switching device 7. Since the central axle 2 is permanently connected to the housing 3 in a rotationally fixed manner, the first sun gear 11 of the first planetary gear set 4 is also connected to the housing 3 in a rotationally fixed manner by means of the switching device 7 in this first gear. In this first gear, the torque provided by the electric drive device 6 flows from the rotor 10 via the second sun gear 15, the second planet gears 17, and the second planet carrier 16 to the first ring gear 14 of the first planetary gear set 4. The torque flows from the first ring gear 14 of the first planetary gear set 4 to the first planet gears 13 and thus to the first planet carrier 12 of the first planetary gear set 4, and from there via the output 19 to the drive element 8.

[0037] The control device 20 is further configured to engage a second gear via the shifting device 7. In the second gear, the first sun gear 11 of the first planetary gear set 4 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the output 19 and thus to the first planet carrier 12 of the first planetary gear set 4 by means of the shifting device 7. Consequently, the first planetary gear set 4 is locked in this second gear. The torque of the electric drive device 6 flows from the rotor 10 via the second sun gear 15, the second planet gears 17, and the second planet carrier 16 to the first ring gear 14 of the first planetary gear set 4. Due to the locking of the first planetary gear set 4, the torque then flows to the output 19 and from there to the drive element 8.

[0038] The control device 20 is further configured to engage a third gear with the shifting device 7. In the third gear, the first sun gear 11 of the first planetary gear set 4 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor 10 of the electric drive device 6 by means of the shifting device 7. As a result, the torque of the electric drive device 6 flows from the rotor 10 via the second sun gear 15, the second planet gears 17, and thus the second planet carrier 16 to the first ring gear 14. From there, it flows via the first planet gears 13 and the first planet carrier 12 to the output 19. In parallel, the torque flows from the rotor 10 via the first sun gear 11 and the first planet gears 13 to the first planet carrier 12, and from there via the output 19 to the drive element 8. Consequently, the hub drive 1 of the present invention provides a three-speed wheel hub transmission with an external rotor motor.If the hub drive 1 is used in a bicycle, this can provide an additional gear ratio via a chain drive, which can be adapted to the usage profile and alternatively or additionally to the pedaling frequency.

[0039] Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show further embodiments of a hub drive 1 according to the present invention. The hub drives 1 of the embodiments of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 correspond to the hub drive 1 of the embodiment from Fig. 1 except for the differences described below. In contrast to the hub drive 1 of the embodiment of Fig. 1, the hub drives 1 of the embodiments of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 additionally features a braking device 21, which in the present embodiment is housed in the housing 3. The braking device 21 is an emission-free brake, in which, for example, brake dust is captured by the housing 3 and thus cannot escape into the environment. Thus, the hub drive 1 results in low particulate matter pollution. The braking device 21 can be, for example, a drum brake and / or an internal disc brake.

[0040] In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the braking device 21 is provided between the output 19 and thus the first planet carrier 12 of the first planetary gear set 4 and the central axis 2. The output 19 can thus be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the central axis 2 via the braking device 21. Since the central axis 2 is permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the housing 3, the output 19 can thus also be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the housing 3 via the braking device 21. In the embodiment of Fig. 3, the output 19 can be connected via the braking device 21 in a rotationally fixed manner to the second ring gear 18 of the second planetary gear set 5. Since the second ring gear 18 of the second planetary gear set 5 is permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the housing 3, by means of the braking device 21 in the embodiment of Fig. 3, the output 19 is also connected to the housing 3 in a rotationally fixed manner. While the braking device 21 in the embodiment of Fig. 2 is arranged in the axial direction A of the hub drive 1 in front of the switching device 7, the electric drive device 6 and the planetary gear sets 4 and 5, the braking device 21 in the embodiment of Fig. 3 in the axial direction A behind the switching device 7, the electric drive device 6 and the planetary gear sets 4 and 5. Reference symbol 1 hub drive 2 Central axis 3 housings 4, 5 planetary gear set 6 electric drive device 7 Switching device 8 Propulsion element 9 Stator 10 Rotor 11, 15 Sun gear 12, 16 planet carriers 13, 17 Planetary gear 14, 18 ring gear 19 downforce 20 Control device A axial direction R Radial direction 21 Braking device

Claims

[1] Hub drive (1) for a vehicle with a first planetary gear set (4) comprising a first sun gear (11), a first planetary carrier (12) with a first planetary gear (13) rotatably mounted thereon, and a first ring gear (14), a second planetary gear set (5) comprising a second sun gear (15), a second planetary carrier (16) with a second planetary gear (17) rotatably mounted thereon, and a second ring gear (18), an electric drive device (6), an output (19), a stationary component (3), and a switching device (7), wherein the second sun gear (15) is mechanically operatively connected to the electric drive device (6), the second planetary carrier (16) is permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first ring gear (14), the second ring gear (18) is permanently fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to a stationary component (3), the first planetary carrier (12) is mechanically operatively connected to the output (19),the first sun gear (11) can be fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to a stationary component (3) via the switching device (7) in order to provide a first gear, the first sun gear (11) can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first planet carrier (12) via the switching device (7) in order to provide a second gear, and the first sun gear (11) can be mechanically operatively connected to the electric drive device (6) via the switching device (7) in order to provide a third gear, , characterized by that the first planetary gear set (4) is arranged radially outside the electric drive device (6) and substantially at the same axial height as the electric drive device (6), and in an axial direction (A) of the hub drive (1), the switching device (7), the electric drive device (6) and the second planetary gear set (5) are arranged one behind the other in this order. [2] Hub drive (1) according to claim 1, characterized bythat the electric drive device (6) has a stator (9) and a rotor (10) arranged coaxially thereto and radially outside, wherein the stator (9) is permanently fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to a stationary component (3) and the rotor (10) is mechanically operatively connected to the second sun gear (15) and can be mechanically operatively connected to the first sun gear (11) via the switching device (7) in order to provide the third gear. [3] Hub drive (1) according to claim 2, characterized byin that the hub drive (1) has a central axis (2) which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a stationary component (3), wherein the planetary gear sets (4, 5), the electric drive device (6) and the switching device (7) are provided coaxially to the central axis (2), the stator (9) of the electric drive device (6) is permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the central axis (2) and the first sun gear (11) can be fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to the central axis (2) via the switching device (7) in order to provide the first gear. [4] Hub drive (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the switching device (7), the electric drive device (6) and the planetary gear sets (4, 5) are arranged in a common housing (3) which forms a stationary component. [5] Hub drive (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the hub drive (1) has a braking device (21). [6] Hub drive (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the hub drive (1) has a control device (20) which is designed to automatically switch the gears depending on a required level of assistance. [7] Hub drive (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the hub drive (1) has a control device (20) which is designed to recuperate energy by means of the electric drive device (6). [8] Vehicle with a hub drive (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7. [9] Vehicle according to claim 8, characterized by that the vehicle is one of a bicycle, a construction, agricultural or forestry machine, an e-scooter and a passenger car.

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