Method for detecting a leakage of at least one air spring, air spring, computer program product, computer-readable data carrier, control unit and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for detecting a leakage of at least one air spring (101, 102) of a vehicle (200), the vehicle (200) comprising - a first air spring (101) comprising a first height sensor (11), - a second air spring (102) comprising a second height sensor (12), the method comprising - First measuring (110), at a first time (t1), a first height (h1_t1) of the first air spring (101) by the first height sensor (11), and a second height (h2_t1) of the second air spring (102) by the second height sensor (12), - Second measurement (120), at a second time (t2), of a first height (h1_t2) of the first air spring (101) by the first height sensor (11), and of a second height (h2_t1) of the second air spring (102) by the second height sensor (12), - Calculate (130) a ◯ First height change (delta_h1) of the first air spring (101), depending on the first height (h1_t1) at the first time (t1) and the first height (h1_t2) at the second time (12), ◯ Second height change (delta_h2) of the second air spring (102), depending on the second height (h2_t1) at the first time (t1) and the second height (h2_t2) at the second time (t2), - Determining (140) a temperature difference (delta_T) between the first time (t1) and the second time (t2) as a function of ◯ the first altitude change (delta_h1) and the second altitude change (delta_h2), and ◯ at least one reduction factor (A1, A2), - Determining (150) a leakage of the first air spring (101) or second air spring (102) as a function of ◯ at least one reduction factor (A1, A2), and ◯ the temperature difference (delta_T).

Description

The invention relates to a method for detecting a leak of at least one air spring according to the independent method claim, a corresponding air spring, a corresponding computer program product, a computer-readable data carrier, a control unit for carrying out the method, and a corresponding vehicle.Vehicles with air springs are known, wherein the height of an air spring, i.e. in particular "how deep" the vehicle or the air spring is standing, can be adjustable. A vehicle can have, for example, at least one, preferably at least two, in particular four, air spring(s), for example one air spring per wheel. The height (in particular length) of an air spring can be adjusted by means of compressed air. For example, the air spring can be acted upon by compressed air in order to increase the height. Alternatively, compressed air may be discharged from the air spring to reduce the height. It can also be provided that the air spring, a pressure accumulator (e.g. for compressed air) and / or a connecting line (in between) has a leakage. As a result, air or pressure can (unintentionally) escape and / or be reduced.The prior art has disadvantages. Thus, detection of a leak is not possible or is only possible insufficiently. For example, the accuracy and / or reliability of detection of a leak may be insufficient. Furthermore, it may be that (unnecessarily) many items of information, in particular sensors and / or sensor data, are necessary. Furthermore, it may be that a determination of a leakage and / or a compensation of pressure losses is made possible (only) by using a plurality of / all control units and / or when starting the engine. In addition, in known methods and / or systems, changes in temperature are not taken into account. This may result in a misassessment of the pressure and / or volume. This can reduce the accuracy. A "inclination" of the vehicle, in particular due to different heights (e.g. due to leakage) of different air springs, can therefore not be compensated for or only insufficiently compensated for in vehicles, systems and / or methods from the prior art. Also, the measurement may be complicated and / or too robust.DE 103 00 737 A1 and EP 1 928 675 B1 each show a method for detecting a leak in an air spring arrangement of a vehicle.It is therefore an object of the present invention to at least partially overcome at least one of the disadvantages described above. In particular, it is an object of the invention to provide an improved method for detecting a leakage of at least one air spring. Furthermore, it may be an object to provide a leak taking into account a temperature, in particular a temperature change between a first and a second point in time. In addition, it may be an object to improve safety, vision and / or trust in the vehicle.The above object is achieved by a method for detecting a leak of at least one air spring according to the independent method claim, an air spring according to the independent device claim, a computer program product having the features of the independent computer program product claim, a computer-readable data carrier having the features of the independent claim relating to a computer-readable data carrier, a control unit having the features of the independent claim relating to a control unit, and a vehicle having the features of the independent vehicle claim. Further features and details of the invention are evident from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. Features and details which are described in connection with the method according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the computer program product according to the invention and / or in connection with the computer-readable data carrier according to the invention and / or in connection with the control unit according to the invention and / or in connection with the vehicle according to the invention and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure reference is or can always be made to the individual aspects of the invention reciprocally. In particular, advantages which are described within the scope of the first, second, third, fourth and / or fifth aspect also apply in each case to the first, second, third, fourth and / or fifth aspect.According to a first aspect, the above object is achieved by a method for detecting a leak of at least one (or more) air spring(s) of a vehicle, which vehicle hasa first air spring comprising a first height sensor,a second air spring comprising a second height sensor,in particular a third and / or a fourth air spring,preferably a control unit, in particular according to the fifth aspect,the method comprisingfirst measuring, at a first point in time, a first height of the first air spring by the first height sensor and a second height of the second air spring by the second height sensor, and in particular a third / fourth height of a third / fourth air spring by a third / fourth height sensor,second measuring, at a second point in time, a first height of the first air spring by the first height sensor and a second height of the second air spring by the second height sensor, and in particular a third / fourth height of a third / fourth air spring by a third / fourth height sensor,calculating a◯ First Change in Height of the First Air Spring as a Function of the First Height at the First Time and the First Height at the Second Time,◯ second change in height of the second air spring as a function of the second height at the first point in time and the second height at the second point in time,◯ In particular, third / fourth change in height of the third / fourth air spring as a function of the third / fourth height at the first point in time and the third / fourth height at the second point in time,determining a temperature difference between the first point in time and the second point in time as a function of◯ the first change in height and the second change in height, and in particular a third / fourth change in height, and◯ at least one lowering factor,determining a leakage of the first air spring and / or second air spring (and / or third and / or fourth air spring) as a function of◯ the at least one lowering factor, and◯ the temperature difference.The method according to the first aspect can be computer-implemented and / or be carried out repeatedly. Preferably, the method may be performed at or before each use of the vehicle, for example when the vehicle is unlocked. Alternatively or additionally, the method can be carried out at (regular) time intervals, for example every three hours (see below). In this case, the control unit can implement or carry out the method, in particular insofar as appropriate, for example by actuating the sensors, the air spring, a pressure accumulator, a display device and / or a compressor.The method is preferably configured to detect a leak of at least one (first, second, third and / or fourth) air spring, of a pressure accumulator and / or of at least one connecting line (in between). The invention can be represented (by way of example) on the basis of a first and / or second air spring and corresponding first and / or second variable. This may be for brevity and intelligibility. The method can preferably be (likewise) provided for (at least) three, preferably (at least) four, particularly preferably exactly four, or in particular also at least five or more, air springs. For example, an air spring (in the vehicle) can be provided at the front left, front right, rear left and / or rear right (see, for example, the table below). The air springs can be interchangeable or equivalent with one another or relative to one another. In this respect, an embodiment or disclosure for a (e.g. first) air spring can likewise apply analogously to a further (e.g. second, third and / or fourth) air spring. It can be decisive that the method detects at least one leakage. Particularly preferably, a relative comparison can be made between the (at least two, e.g. the first and / or second) or all air springs. In this case, it can be assumed that at least one air spring is still intact and / or has no leakage. This can preferably be recognized by the method and / or used as a basis for the further method.The vehicle may have at least two, in particular a first and second air spring, in particular four air springs (e.g. for each wheel or in each "corner" of the vehicle). It can be provided that the at least one or each air spring is (reversibly) connectable or connected to a pressure accumulator and / or a compressor for supplying compressed air or discharging compressed air. Accordingly, the pressure of the air spring(s) can be adjustable via the pressure accumulator and / or compressor. The pressure accumulator preferably has a (constant) volume. For example, this rigid element can be made, for example, of steel.A first and / or second air spring can have (exactly) a height sensor. It may be particularly preferred if no further sensor data are used in addition to a (respective) height. The first / second height sensor can be configured to measure the first / second height (or length) of the first / second air spring. It can be provided that the height is lower at lower pressure. It can be provided that the height is greater at higher pressure. It can be provided that the height sensor is connected to a (or the) control unit, for example via a data connection, as a result of which in particular data can be transmitted from the sensor to the control unit and / or the control unit can actuate the sensor, for example in order to carry out a (first / second) measurement.The first measurement, at a first point in time, of a first height of the first air spring by the first height sensor and a second height of the second air spring by the second height sensor can be carried out, for example, when the vehicle is shut down, switched off and / or locked. This can also be carried out repeatedly, for example in order to provide (historical) data, in particular with a (respective) time stamp. These may be stored (all) in the control unit, e.g. a storage unit, and / or online (e.g. a cloud). In this case, the control unit can exchange data with the Internet and / or a cloud, for example via a data connection. In this case, it can be provided that a first temperature at the first point in time and a second temperature at the second point in time differ. For example, the second temperature may be lower. In this case, it may be that, for example, the first temperature is comparatively high (e.g. due to engine heat and / or the time of day). The first height, a first pressure and / or the first temperature (in or around the first / second air spring) can preferably be specific for the first point in time. Preferably, the first altitude, the first pressure, the first temperature and / or the first point in time can be stored by the control unit, for example in a storage unit of the control unit, and / or a cloud. It can be provided to charge these at a later (in particular second) time.The second measurement, at a second point in time, of a first height of the first air spring by the first height sensor and a second height of the second air spring by the second height sensor can be carried out, for example, during a wake-up, at the (new) start, activation and / or unlocking of the vehicle. This can also be carried out repeatedly, for example in order to provide (historical) data, in particular with a (respective) time stamp. These may be stored (all) in the control unit, e.g. a storage unit, and / or online (e.g. a cloud). Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the second time has a time interval from the first time, in particular stored by and / or predefined by the control unit. For example, the time interval can have between one second and 10 days, in particular between 10 seconds and 3 days, for example between 60 seconds and 1 day, preferably between 30 minutes and 12 hours, particularly preferably between 1 hour and 6 hours, ideally between 2 and 4 hours. Accordingly, the time interval between the first time and the second time may be 3 hours, for example. It may be particularly preferred that no (first / second) temperature is measured or measurable at the first / second point in time. It may be provided that the second temperature is different from the first temperature, for example due to changes in the ambient temperature, time of day, and / or cooling of the engine, and the like. The second height, a second pressure and / or the second temperature can preferably be specific for the second point in time. Preferably, the second level, the second pressure, the second temperature and / or the second point in time can be stored by the control unit, for example in a storage unit of the control unit. It can be provided to load these at a later (in particular second or further) time. It can be provided that the second height is lower than the first height, in particular since a drop in the pressure can be more likely and / or a (potentially present) leakage can lead to a pressure loss. However, it can also be provided that the reverse case occurs in certain constellations.The determination of a leakage of the at least one air spring, in particular by the control unit, as a function of the first height, the second height, the first pressure, the second pressure and / or the first temperature, can be based at least on these (aforementioned) variables. Preferably, these quantities can be measured and / or no further quantities can be known or measured. Particularly preferably, the determination can be carried out without measuring a first and / or second temperature. Preferably, the determination of a leakage can be carried out by comparing, in particular depending on the first and second points in time, for example by comparing between the first height with the second height, the first pressure with the second pressure, the first temperature with a second temperature and / or variables derived from these variables.It can be provided that the determination of a leakage is carried out as a function of repeated execution of the method. For example, the method can be carried out repeatedly over an observation period. For example, the observation period can have between 60 seconds to 10000 days, in particular between 30 minutes to 1000 days, for example between 1 hour to 365 days, preferably between 6 hours to 100 days, particularly preferably between 1 day to 50 days, ideally between 3 to 30 days. Alternatively or additionally, the observation period can be dependent on the running performance of the vehicle. For example, a running power can have between 1 km to 10000 km, in particular between 10 km to 10000 km, for example between 50 km to 5000 km, preferably between 100 km to 1000 km, particularly preferably between 300 km to 800 km. It may be particularly preferred to carry out a determination of a leakage as a function of a (repeatedly) determined leakage speed, wherein the leakage speed can be monitored, for example, as a function of the observation period and / or the running power. In the case of a (greater or increasing) leak, the leak speed of the at least one air spring (substantially) may increase, for example, in particular over an observation period and / or a running performance. It can be provided that the determination of a leakage by the control unit comprises a detection of an exceeding of a leakage speed limit value. For example, a leakage speed limit value can have between 0.01 mm / h to 1000 mm / h, in particular between 0.1 mm / h to 100 mm / h, for example between 1 mm / h to 50 mm / h, preferably between 2 mm / h to 20 mm / h, particularly preferably between 3 mm / h to 10 mm / h, ideally between 5 mm / h to 7 mm / h. If, for example, a leakage speed limit value of 5 mm / h is exceeded, in particular repeatedly, the control unit can determine a leakage of the at least one air spring.The calculation of a first change in height of the first air spring as a function of the first height at the first point in time and the first height at the second point in time can thereby comprise a difference formation of the first height at the first point in time and the first height at the second point in time. In this case, it may be calculable and / or may apply (equation 1):The calculation of a second change in height of the second air spring, as a function of the second height at the first point in time and the second height at the second point in time, can thereby comprise a difference formation of the second height at the first point in time and the second height at the second point in time. In this case, it may be calculable and / or may apply (equation 2):This can be provided analogously for a third / fourth (et cetera) change in height. For example, it can be provided that the following applies: For example, it can be provided that the following applies:First height (e.g., front left)8mm (h1_t1)-25 mm (h1_t2)33 mm (delta_h1)0,8 mm / K (A1)41,25 K (delta_T1)3,25 K (diff_T1)2,6 mm (delta_h1_bick)0,87 mm / h (v_bick1)Second height (e.g., front right)7 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm-28 mm35 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm0,8 mm / K43,75 K5,75 K4,6 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm1,53 mm / hrThird height (e.g., rear left)9 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm-29 mm38 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm1,0 mm / K38.00K (-min)0,0 K0,0 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm0,00 mm / hrFourth height (e.g., rear right)11 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm-39 mm50 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm1,0 mm / K50,00 K12,0 K12,0 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm4,00 mm / hrdetermining a temperature difference between the first point in time and the second point in time as a function ofthe first change in height and / or the second / third / fourth change in height, andat least one lowering factor,In this case, it can comprise the determination of a calculated, estimated and / or minimum temperature difference. It can be provided particularly preferably that no temperature and / or pressure measurement or sensors are necessary. Provision can be made for a leak to be determined (solely) by height sensors. In other words, a temperature difference can be determined as a function of the above variables, for example (in each case) for each air spring, e.g. for the first and / or second air spring. The smaller temperature difference can be specific for a non-defective air spring and / or an air spring with less leakage. It can thus be assumed that at least one air spring does not have any leakage, and accordingly a change in height of this air spring (alone) can be attributed to temperature changes. On the basis thereof, a change in height and / or leakage speed of at least one other and / or of the remaining air springs can be determined, in particular taking into account the determined and / or (presumably) correct temperature change. In other words, it can be provided to calculate a temperature-induced change in height as a function of an (supposedly) intact air spring for one or the other air springs. As a result, a (exclusively) leakage-induced change in height can be determined. Preferably, it can be provided that no pressure exchange is made possible for the air spring(s), or in particular is only active, but not within the scope of the method or only in order to subsequently compensate for possible inclination positions and / or height differences (between different air springs).determining a leakage of the first air spring and / or second / third / fourth air spring as a function of◯ the at least one lowering factor, and◯ the temperature difference,This can use (exactly) the (minimum) determined temperature difference. The lowering factor can be specific for an air spring. For example, a first, second, third and / or fourth air spring may have a first, second, third and / or fourth lowering factor. This can be a result of its construction. This can be determined by simulation, climate chamber tests and / or a calibration. In this case, the lowering factor can (in principle) have a change in height as a function of a temperature (change), for example therefore 3 mm / K. It can be provided that this is identical for all air springs. It can preferably also be provided that this is identical for the air springs of the rear axle (e.g. 1 mm / K) and / or front axle (e.g. 0.8 mm / K) (see, for example, the table above).In the context of the invention, it is provided that the ascertainment takes place as a function of at least one lowering factor as a function ofa first lowering factor specific to the first air spring, and / ora second / third / fourth lowering factor specific to said second / third / fourth air spring.In the context of the invention, it is further provided that the determination of a temperature difference, in particular a minimum and / or most probable temperature difference, comprisescalculating a first temperature difference as a function of the first change in height and the at least one lowering factor, in particular a first lowering factor, wherein in particular can apply and / or can be calculated (equation 3):calculating a second temperature difference depending on the second change in height and the at least one lowering factor, in particular a second lowering factor, wherein in particular can apply and / or can be calculated (equation 4:This can analogously apply to a third / fourth temperature difference.By way of example, the values shown above in the table can be obtained.It can be provided within the scope of the invention that the determination of a temperature difference comprises the determination of a minimum and / or most probable temperature difference, in particular by comparing a first temperature difference and a second, third and / or fourth temperature difference.The temperature difference can have a normalization level and / or be considered as such. In this case, the temperature difference can have the first or second temperature difference (in particular be identical), in particular the minimum or smaller thereof. It may be particularly preferred to use the first, second, third or fourth temperature difference, in particular as a temperature difference, preferably if the first, second, third or fourth temperature difference is smaller (e.g. minimal) than one, or preferably all, other(s). This can be advantageous since (with great probability) the corresponding first, second, third or fourth air spring does not have any leakage, or at least the smallest or smallest leakage. As a result, the temperature difference can be calculated and / or estimated. Advantageously, it can thereby be provided to take into account a (actually present) temperature difference, preferably without measuring the temperature difference or a (first, second, third, and / or fourth) temperature. In other words, measuring the temperature may be unnecessary. A simple, robust and / or cost-effective leak determination can thus be provided, which makes do in particular with few or without (temperature, pressure) sensors.For example, in the above table, the third air spring (rear left) may have the smallest temperature difference.It is furthermore conceivable that the determination of a leakage of the first air spring or second air spring comprises as a function of the at least one lowering factor and the temperature differencecalculating a first leakage-induced change in height as a function of◯ the at least one lowering factor, in particular a first lowering factor,◯ of the temperature difference, in particular a (first) difference between a first temperature difference and the temperature difference, can in particular be calculable and / or apply (equation 5):◯ in this case, the first leakage-induced change in height can be determined by multiplying the (first) difference by the first lowering factor, in particular it can be calculable and / or can apply (equation 6):calculating a second leakage-induced change in height as a function of◯ the at least one lowering factor, in particular a second lowering factor,◯ of the temperature difference, in particular a (second) difference between a second temperature difference and the temperature difference, can in particular be calculable and / or apply (equation 7):◯ here, the second leakage-induced change in height can be determined by multiplying the (second) difference by the second lowering factor, in particular it can be calculable and / or apply (equation 8):In this case, a (respective) temperature-induced change in height can preferably be calculated out (see also above). In this case, a (respective) first, second, third and / or fourth leakage-induced height change can advantageously be determined.This can be taken from the above table by way of example.It is also conceivable that the determination of a leakage of the first air spring or second air spring as a function of the at least one lowering factor and the temperature difference comprises a comparison, comprisingdetecting a leakage if a height change limit value has been exceeded, in particular by a first leakage-induced height change or a second leakage-induced height change,establishing that no leakage is present if a height change limit value has not been exceeded, in particular if a first leakage-induced height change or a second leakage-induced height change are less than or equal to the height change limit value.This makes it possible to determine whether there is an (excessive) lowering of an air spring. Accordingly, a leak can be detected.This makes it possible to determine whether there is a (comparatively) strong drop or a (large) loss of air from the at least one air spring. A loss of air or pressure can (to a limited extent) be compensated for by a compressor (for example by further supplying compressed air). This can be initiated by the control unit. Advantageously, it can be detected whether a sinking or a leakage has already advanced to such an extent that it can no longer or soon no longer be compensated. In this case, a warning message can be output, for example in order to visit a workshop. A warning message can be output to a driver by the vehicle, in particular a display device, and / or a mobile terminal of the driver, for example a smartphone, a smart watch, a computer and / or a key of the vehicle. In this case, a height change limit value (in particular therefore an upper limit for the leakage-induced height change) can be provided, for example, in the control unit (e.g. the storage unit). If an exceeding of this height change limit value is detected, in particular by the control unit, this can trigger an output of a warning message (by the control unit).Within the scope of the invention, it is optionally possible that the determination of a leakage of the first air spring or second air spring as a function of the at least one lowering factor, and the temperature difference comprises a calculation of a leakage speed, in particular a first leakage speed and / or a second leakage speed, as a function ofa time interval between the second time and the first time, and in particular(optional) a first leakage-induced change in height, in particular for a first leakage speed and / or a second leakage-induced change in height, in particular for a second leakage speedIn this case, a time interval between the second time and the first time can be determined, preferably by subtraction, wherein in particular it can be calculated and / or can apply (equation 9):For example, a time interval may be 3 hours (see also above).Furthermore, it can be provided within the scope of the invention that the determination of a leakage of the first air spring or second air spring as a function of the at least one lowering factor and the temperature difference comprises a comparison, comprisingdetecting a leakage if a leakage speed limit value has been exceeded, in particular by a first leakage speed or a first leakage speed,establishing that no leakage is present if a leakage speed limit value has not been exceeded, in particular if a first leakage speed and / or a second leakage speed are less than or equal to the leakage speed limit value.The first leakage speed can be calculated by:The second leakage speed can be calculated analogously by:This makes it possible to determine whether there is a (comparatively) rapid drop or a (large) loss of air from the at least one air spring. A loss of air or pressure can (to a limited extent) be compensated for by a compressor (for example by further supplying compressed air). Advantageously, it can be detected whether a sinking or a leakage has already advanced to such an extent that it can no longer or soon no longer be compensated. In this case, a warning message can be output, for example in order to visit a workshop. A warning message can be output to a driver by the vehicle, in particular a display device, and / or a mobile terminal of the driver, for example a smartphone, a smart watch, a computer and / or a key of the vehicle. In this case, a leakage speed limit value (in particular therefore an upper limit for the leakage speed) can be provided, for example, in the control unit (e.g. the storage unit). If an exceeding of this leakage speed limit value is detected, in particular by the control unit, this can trigger an output of a warning message (by the control unit).It can be provided that, in particular when the method is carried out repeatedly, different values for the leakage speed and / or for the (leakage-induced) change in height are subjected to smoothing, in particular by the control unit. In this case, the smoothing can comprise (temporal) averaging, in particular in order to compensate for outliers and / or incorrect measurements. In this case, an average value for a number of measurements (e.g. simple repetition of the method) can have between 2 and 10000, in particular between 3 and 1000, for example between 5 and 100, preferably between 8 and 64, particularly preferably between 10 and 48, ideally between 12 and 32. This can enable a more stable behavior, an increased reliability and / or an improved detection. In this case, smoothing can preferably be carried out by the control unit. The control unit can (comparatively) determine a leakage more quickly and / or earlier. Alternatively or additionally, the smoothing can take place in a backend connected to the control unit. In this case, the backend can be connected to the control unit via a data connection, for example the Internet.It can be provided that the determination of a leakage (or the above-mentioned steps), in particular the comparison (determination of a leakage or not with respect to a height change limit value), comparison (determination of a leakage or not with respect to a leakage speed limit value), is carried out in the control unit. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that this takes place in the backend. This allows an improved comparison with identically constructed vehicles and / or an entire fleet of vehicles to be carried out. A more robust and / or reliable determination of a leakage can thus be effected.The above object is achieved according to a second aspect by an air spring according to the invention for a vehicle, wherein the air spring is configured to implement the method according to the first aspect, in particular in cooperation with a vehicle and / or at least one further air spring, preferably three further air springs.The air spring(s) may be connected to an accumulator and / or a compressor. It can (also) be provided that the compressor is connected to the pressure accumulator. The compressor may increase and / or decrease the pressure in the accumulator and / or the air spring(s). It can be provided that air spring(s) is(are) connected to the pressure accumulator via a line and / or a valve. Accordingly, the pressure accumulator can be (reversibly) decoupled from the air spring(s). The volume of the pressure accumulator can be constant or be kept constant, in particular between a first and a second point in time.Thus, with respect to an air spring according to the invention according to the second aspect, the same advantages result as have already been described with respect to a method according to the invention according to the first aspect.The above object is achieved according to a third aspect by a computer program product according to the invention, comprising instructions which, when the computer program product is executed by a computer, cause the computer program product to implement the method according to the first aspect.Thus, with respect to a computer program product according to the invention according to the third aspect, the same advantages result as have already been described with respect to a method according to the invention according to the first aspect and / or an air spring according to the invention according to the second aspect.The above object is achieved according to a fourth aspect by a computer-readable data carrier according to the invention, in which instructions are stored which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method according to the first aspect.Thus, with respect to a computer-readable data carrier according to the invention according to the fourth aspect, the same advantages result as have already been described with respect to a method according to the invention according to the first aspect and / or an air spring according to the invention according to the second aspect and / or a computer program product according to the invention according to the third aspect.The above object is achieved according to a fifth aspect by a control unit according to the invention, having a computing unit and a storage unit in which commands are stored which, when at least partially executed by the computing unit, carry out a method according to the first aspect.It can be provided that the control unit is designed as a main control unit, which is connected in particular to further, second and / or other control units. In this case, the control unit can be activated ("awake") first, in particular at a start, a wake-up, an unlocking and / or a (second) point in time, while further control units are preferably inactive, in particular until the control unit has carried out a height adjustment of the at least one air spring. Accordingly, the control unit can achieve a compensation of different heights of different air springs in an improved manner (e.g. quickly).Thus, with respect to a control unit according to the invention according to the fifth aspect, the same advantages result as have already been described with respect to a method according to the invention according to the first aspect and / or an air spring according to the invention according to the second aspect and / or a computer program product according to the invention according to the third aspect and / or a computer-readable data carrier according to the invention according to the fourth aspect.The above object is achieved according to a sixth aspect by a vehicle according to the invention comprising a control unit according to the fifth aspect and / or at least two air springs, preferably four air springs, according to the second aspect.The vehicle preferably comprises at least one air spring, preferably at least two, preferably four air springs, in particular for each wheel. Preferably, the vehicle comprises four wheels. The vehicle can accordingly stand straight through an (as far as possible) identical height of different air springs, in particular with respect to a longitudinal axis and / or transverse axis. The control unit can be configured to perform or to effect a leveling control or a "straight ahead" of the vehicle, in particular by the method according to the first aspect. In this case, it can be detected (at all) whether there is a difference between at least two, preferably between the four, wheels or air springs.Thus, with respect to a vehicle according to the invention according to the sixth aspect, the same advantages result as have already been described with respect to a method according to the invention according to the first aspect and / or an air spring according to the invention according to the second aspect and / or a computer program product according to the invention according to the third aspect and / or a computer-readable data carrier according to the invention according to the fourth aspect and / or a control unit according to the invention according to the fifth aspect.Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which a plurality of exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description can be essential to the invention individually or in any combination. The following shows: FIG. 1 shows a method FIG. 2 shows a vehicle FIG. 3 shows a leakage speed.In the following figures, the identical reference numerals are used for the same technical features, also of different exemplary embodiments.FIG. 1 shows a method for detecting a leak of at least one air spring 101, 102 of a vehicle 200 having vehicle 200a first air spring 101 comprising a first height sensor 11,a second air spring 102 comprising a second height sensor 12, the method comprisingfirst measuring 110 at a first point in time t 1, a first height h 1_t 1 of the first air spring 101 by the first height sensor 11, and a second height h 2_t 1 of the second air spring 102 by the second height sensor 12,second measuring 120, at a second point in time t 2, a first height h 1_t 2 of the first air spring 101 by the first height sensor 11, and a second height h 2_t 1 of the second air spring 102 by the second height sensor 12,calculating 130 a◯ First Change in Height delta_h1 of the First Air Spring 101 as a function of the First Height h1_t1 at the first point in time t1 and the First Height h1_t2 at the second point in time t2,◯ Second Change in Height delta_h2 of the second air spring 102 as a function of the second height h2_t1 at the first point in time t1 and the second height h2_t2 at the second point in time t2,determining 140 a temperature difference delta_T between the first time t1 and the second time t2 as a function of◯ of the first change in elevation delta_h1 and the second change in elevation delta_h2, and◯ at least one lowering factor A1, A2,determining 150 a leakage of the first air spring 101 or second air spring 102 as a function of◯ the at least one lowering factor A1, A2, and◯ of the temperature difference delta_T.It can be provided that ascertaining 140 comprises a temperature difference delta_T, in particular a minimum and / or most probable temperature difference delta_Tcalculating 141 a first temperature difference delta_T1 as a function of the first change in height delta_h1 and the at least one lowering factor A1, A2, in particular a first lowering factor A1,calculating 142 a second temperature difference delta_T2 as a function of the second change in height delta_h2 and the at least one lowering factor A1, A2, in particular a second lowering factor A2.In addition, it may be that the determination 140 of a temperature difference delta_T comprises the determination 143 of a minimum and / or most probable temperature difference delta_T, in particular by comparing a first temperature difference delta_T 1 and a second temperature difference delta_T 2.Furthermore, it can be provided that the determination 150 of a leakage of the first air spring 101 or second air spring 102 comprises as a function of the at least one lowering factor A 1, A 2 and the temperature difference delta_Tcalculating 151 a first leakage-induced change in height delta_h1_bick, depending on◯ the at least one lowering factor A 1, A 2, in particular a first lowering factor A 1,◯ the temperature difference delta_T, in particular a difference between a first temperature difference delta_T1 and the temperature difference delta_T,calculating 152 a second leakage-induced change in height delta_h2_bick, depending on◯ the at least one lowering factor A 1, A 2, in particular a second lowering factor A 2,◯ the temperature difference delta_T, in particular a difference between a second temperature difference delta_T2 and the temperature difference delta_T.In addition, it is conceivable that the determination 150 of a leakage of the first air spring 101 or second air spring 102 as a function of the at least one lowering factor A 1, A 2 and the temperature difference delta_T has a comparison 153, comprisingascertaining 154 a leakage if a height change limit value delta_h1_limit, delta_h2_limit has been exceeded, in particular by a first leakage-induced height change delta_h1_bout or a second leakage-induced height change delta_h2_bout,establishing 155 that no leakage is present if a height change limit value delta_h1_limit, delta_h2_limit has not been exceeded, in particular if a first leakage-induced height change delta_h1_bout or a second leakage-induced height change delta_h2_bout are less than or equal to the height change limit value delta_h1_limit, delta_h2_limit.Furthermore, it may be that the determination 150 of a leakage of the first air spring 101 or second air spring 102 as a function of the at least one lowering factor A 1, A 2 and the temperature difference delta_T comprises a calculation 160 of a leakage speed v_bick 1, v_bick 2, in particular a first leakage speed v_bick 1 and / or a second leakage speed v_bick 2, as a function ofa time interval delta_t between the second time t2 and the first time t1, and in particulara first leakage-induced change in height delta_h1_ Leck, in particular for a first leakage speed v_Leck1 and / or a second leakage-induced change in height delta_h2_Ieck, in particular for a second leakage speed v_Leck2.In addition, it may be preferred that the determination 150 of a leakage of the first air spring 101 or second air spring 102 as a function of the at least one lowering factor A 1, A 2 and the temperature difference delta_T has a comparison 161, comprisingdetecting 162 a leakage if a leakage velocity limit value v_grenz has been exceeded, in particular by a first leakage velocity v_bout1or a second leakage velocity v_bout2,establishing 163 that no leakage is present if a leakage speed limit value v_grenz has not been exceeded, in particular if a first leakage speed v_grick 1 and / or a second leakage speed v_grick 2 are less than or equal to the leakage speed limit value v_grenz.FIG. 2 shows a vehicle 200 with a first air spring 101, which can be arranged, for example, on the front axle (front left). In addition, a second air spring 102 is arranged on the rear axle. The first air spring 101 has a first height sensor 11 which is configured to measure a first height h1_t1at a first point in time t1and / or a first height h1_t2at a second point in time t2. The vehicle 200 also comprises a control unit ECU having a computing unit CU and a storage unit MU. The control unit ECU can be connected to the first height sensor 11 and / or the second height sensor 12, for example via a (respective) data connection. As a result, (measurement) data can be exchanged and / or an actuation can take place. The first height h 1_ t 1, in particular at a first point in time t 1, can preferably differ from a first height h 1_ t 2, in particular at a second point in time t 2 (this height can preferably be lower at the second point in time, in particular on account of a lowering of the air spring 101, 102). The second height h2_t1, in particular at a first point in time t1, can preferably differ from a second height h2_t2, in particular at a second point in time t2 (this can preferably be lower at the second point in time, in particular on account of a lowering of the air spring 101, 102).FIG. 3 shows a leakage speed v_bick 1, v_bick 2 (y axis), for example as a function of time t or an observation period and / or a running performance of the vehicle (x axis). In this case, a vehicle 200 having four air springs can be assumed by way of example. The leakage speed v_bick 1, v_bick 2 for the air spring(s) 100 is shown at the front right Fr_Re, at the front left Fr_Li, at the rear right Hi_Re, and at the rear left Hi_Li. The (respective) leakage speed v_bick 1, v_bick 2 can vary, and in particular become greater and or smaller. This can be reduced (at least partially) by smoothing. In particular, however, if an air spring 101, 102 has a (greater) leakage, this can be determined by exceeding a leakage speed limit value v_grenz, wherein, for example, an air spring 100 at the rear right of the vehicle Hi_Re exceeds the leakage speed limit value v_grenz (first). The profile (of Hi_Re) can be designed to increase, in particular but not necessarily (strictly) to increase monotonically.List of reference characters11 first height sensor 12 second height sensor 100 air spring(s) 101 first air spring 102 second air spring 110 first measuring 120 second measuring 130 calculating 140 determining a temperature difference 141 calculating a first temperature difference 142 calculating a second temperature difference 143 determining minimum and / or most probable temperature difference 150 determining a leakage 151 calculating a first leakage-related change in height 152 calculating a second leakage-related change in height 153 comparing 154 determining a leakage 155 determining, Determination that there is no leakage 160 Calculation of a leakage speed 161 Comparison 162 Determination of a leakage 163 Determination that there is no leakage 200 Vehicle Fr_Li Air spring front left Fr_Re Air spring front right Hi_Li Air spring rear left Hi_Re Air spring rear right ECU Control unit CU Arithmetic unit MU Memory unit h1_t1 First height at the first time h1_t2 First height at the second time h2_t1 Second height at the first time h2_t2 Second height at the second time A1, A2 Lowering factor A1 First lowering factor A2 Second lowering factor delta_h1 First change in height delta_h2 Second change in height delta_h1_grenz, delta_h2_limit height change limit value delta_h1_blutch first leakage-related height change delta_h2_blutch second leakage-related height change delta_T temperature difference delta_T1 first temperature difference delta_T2 second temperature difference delta_t time interval diff_T1 first difference diff_T2 second difference t time t1 first time t2 second time v_blutch1, v_blutch2 leakage speed v_blutch1 first leakage speed v_blutch2 second leakage speed v_limit leakage speed limit value Fr_Li air spring front left Fr_Re air spring front right Hi_Li air spring rear left Hi_Re air spring rear right

Claims

Method for detecting a leakage of at least one air spring (101, 102) of a vehicle (200), the vehicle (200) having - a first air spring (101) comprising a first height sensor (11), - a second air spring (102) comprising a second height sensor (12), the method having - first measuring (110), at a first point in time (t1), a first height (h1_t1) of the first air spring (101) by the first height sensor (11), and a second height (h2_t1) of the second air spring (102) by the second height sensor (12), - second measuring (120), at a second point in time (t2), a first height (h1_t2) of the first air spring (101) by the first height sensor (11), and a second height (h2_t1) of the second air spring (102) by the second height sensor (12), calculating (130) a ◯ first change in height (delta_h1) of the first air spring (101) as a function of the first height (h1_t1) at the first point in time (t1) and the first height (h1_t2) at the second point in time (12), ◯ second change in height (delta_h2) of the second air spring (102) as a function of the second height (h2_t1) at the first point in time (t1) and the second height (h2_t2) at the second point in time (12), - determining (140) a temperature difference (delta_T) between the first point in time (t1) and the second point in time (t2) as a function of ◯ the first change in height (delta_h1) and the second change in height (delta_h2), and ◯ a first lowering factor (A1), the second air spring is specific to the first air spring (101) and ◯ a second lowering factor (A2) which is specific to the second air spring (102), wherein the determination (140) of the temperature difference (delta_T) comprises ◯ calculation (141) of a first temperature difference (delta_T1) depending on the first height change (delta_h1) and the first lowering factor (A1), ◯ calculation (142) of a second temperature difference (delta_T2) depending on the second height change (delta_h2) and the second lowering factor (A2) - determination (150) of a leakage of the first air spring (101) or second air spring (102) depending on ◯ the first lowering factor (A1) and the second lowering factor (A2), and ◯ of the temperature difference (delta_T).Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the determination (140) of a minimum and / or most probable temperature difference (delta_T) comprises - calculation (141) of a first temperature difference (delta_T1) as a function of the first change in height (delta_h1) and the at least one lowering factor (A1, A2), in particular a first lowering factor (A1), - calculation (142) of a second temperature difference (delta_T2) as a function of the second change in height (delta_h2) and the at least one lowering factor (A1, A2), in particular a second lowering factor (A2).Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the determination (140) of a temperature difference (delta_T) comprises the determination (143) of a minimum and / or most probable temperature difference (delta_T), in particular by comparing a first temperature difference (delta_T1) and a second temperature difference (delta_T2).Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the determination (150) of a leakage of the first air spring (101) or second air spring (102) as a function of the at least one lowering factor (A1, A2) and the temperature difference (delta_T) comprises - calculating (151) a first leakage-induced change in height (delta_h1_bick), as a function of ◯ the at least one lowering factor (A1, A2), in particular a first lowering factor (A1), ◯ the temperature difference (delta_T), in particular a difference between a first temperature difference (delta_T1) and the temperature difference (delta_T), - calculating (152) a second leakage-induced change in height (delta_h2_bick), as a function of ◯ the at least one lowering factor (A1, A2), in particular a second lowering factor (A2), ◯ of the temperature difference (delta_T), in particular a difference between a second temperature difference (delta_T2) and the temperature difference (delta_T).Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the determination (150) of a leakage of the first air spring (101) or second air spring (102) as a function of the at least one lowering factor (A1, A2) and the temperature difference (delta_T) has a comparison (153), comprising - determining (154) a leakage if a height change limit value (delta_h1_limit, delta_h2_limit) has been exceeded, in particular by a first leakage-induced height change (delta_h1_bout) or a second leakage-induced height change (delta_h2_bout), - determining (155) that no leakage is present if a height change limit value (delta_h1_limit, delta_h2_limit) has not been exceeded, in particular, if a first leakage-induced change in height (delta_h1_bick) or a second leakage-induced change in height (delta_h2_bick) are less than or equal to the change in height limit value (delta_h1_limit, delta_h2_limit).Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the determination (150) of a leakage of the first air spring (101) or second air spring (102) as a function of the at least one lowering factor (A1, A2) and the temperature difference (delta_T) comprises a calculation (160) of a leakage speed (v_bout1, v_bout2), in particular a first leakage speed (v_bout1) and / or a second leakage speed (v_bout2), as a function of - a time interval (delta_t) between the second time (t2) and the first time (t1), and in particular - a first leakage-induced change in height (delta_h1_bout), in particular for a first leakage speed (v_bout1) and / or a second leakage-induced change in height (delta_h2_bout), in particular for a second leakage speed (v_bout2).Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the determination (150) of a leakage of the first air spring (101) or second air spring (102) as a function of the at least one lowering factor (A1, A2) and the temperature difference (delta_T) has a comparison (161), comprising - determining (162) a leakage if a leakage speed limit value (v_grenz) has been exceeded, in particular by a first leakage speed (v_greck1) or a first leakage speed (v_greck2), - determining (163) that no leakage is present if a leakage speed limit value (v_greck) has not been exceeded, in particular if a first leakage speed (v_greck1) and / or a second leakage speed (v_greck2) are less than or equal to the leakage speed limit value (v_grenz).Air spring (101, 102) for a vehicle (200), wherein the air spring (101, 102) is configured to implement the method according to one of the preceding claims, in particular in cooperation with a vehicle (200) and / or at least one further air spring (101, 102).A computer program product comprising instructions which, when the computer program product is executed by a computer, cause the computer program product to implement the method of any preceding claim.Computer-readable data medium in which instructions are stored which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method according to one of the preceding claims.Control unit (ECU), having a computing unit (CU) and a memory unit (MU) in which commands are stored which, when at least partially executed by the computing unit (CU), carry out a method according to one of the preceding claims.Vehicle (200) comprising a control unit (ECU) according to the preceding claim and / or at least two air springs (101, 102) according to one of the preceding claims.

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