Degassing device of a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle and motor vehicle with a high-voltage battery

Abstract

The invention relates to a degassing device (1) for a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle, wherein the high-voltage battery has a battery module arranged in a battery housing, and wherein the battery housing has at least one passage opening which can be connected to a degassing channel (2) of the degassing device (1) in a way that allows flow to pass through it, wherein the degassing channel (2) is designed to remove gas and / or particles between an underbody of the motor vehicle and a road surface. According to the invention, the degassing channel (2) has at least a first channel section (3) and a second channel section (4), wherein the first channel section (4) has a nozzle geometry at its channel section end region (7) facing the second channel section (4). Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle with a high-voltage battery.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a degassing device for a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle with a high-voltage battery according to patent claim 11.

[0002] It is known to equip a motor vehicle with a high-voltage battery as a drive. The high-voltage battery comprises one or more battery modules arranged in a battery housing. In addition to the battery module, the battery housing is assigned a venting channel for discharging gases generated in the high-voltage battery. This venting channel can be arranged at various locations in the motor vehicle and is usually designed to allow flow through it together with the battery housing.

[0003] The published patent applications DE 10 2022 109 655 A1 and DE 10 2021 112 231 A1 each disclose a degassing device for a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle. The degassing device is designed to discharge gas escaping from the high-voltage battery, which can occur when the high-voltage battery overheats. The degassing device has a degassing channel arranged in a region between an underbody of the motor vehicle and a roadway opposite the underbody.

[0004] German Patent Application DE 10 2021 123 314 A1 discloses a degassing device with a degassing channel. The degassing channel is arranged between the underside of a high-voltage battery housing and the underbody of a motor vehicle body. The underbody has raised portions projecting into the degassing channel.

[0005] Published patent application DE 10 2021 102 908 A1 discloses a degassing device for a high-voltage battery, which comprises a particle trap for separating particles. The particle trap is fluidly connected to a gas chamber of the degassing device. The degassing device has a degassing channel extending along an underbody and having an outlet opening designed for the discharge of a gas escaping from the high-voltage battery.

[0006] A high-voltage battery is known from the published patent application US 2021 / 0359374 A1, wherein gas escaping from the high-voltage battery via formed outlet openings is guided via lines which have valves at their ends facing away from the high-voltage battery, which open when necessary to allow the gas to escape.

[0007] The published patent application US 2022 / 0263154 A1 discloses a high-voltage battery with a gas guide system, wherein a channel of the gas guide system is formed adjacent to a cooling plate of the high-voltage battery and extending along the cooling plate.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved degassing device for a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle. A further object of the invention is to provide an improved motor vehicle with a high-voltage battery.

[0009] This object is achieved according to the invention with a degassing device for a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle having the features of patent claim 1. The further object is achieved according to the invention with a motor vehicle having a high-voltage battery having the features of patent claim 11. Advantageous embodiments with expedient and non-trivial further developments of the invention are specified in the respective subclaims.

[0010] A degassing device according to the invention for a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle, wherein the high-voltage battery has a battery module arranged in the battery housing, and wherein the battery housing has at least one through-opening, has a degassing channel that can be connected to the through-opening in a way that allows flow. The degassing channel is designed to remove gas and / or particles between an underbody of the motor vehicle and a road surface. According to the invention, the degassing channel has at least a first channel section and a second channel section, wherein the first channel section comprises a nozzle geometry at its channel section end region facing the second channel section. The advantage is the realization of a defined, directed outflow of the gas and / or the particles.Since the degassing channel is divided into two sections, it is possible to design each of the two sections independently of the other, thus achieving a desired, targeted outflow. In particular, the first channel section has a nozzle geometry at its end region facing the second channel section, with the aid of which the fluid mixture of gas and particles is guided into the second channel section in a defined manner, increasing its velocity.

[0011] To connect the degassing channel to the battery housing, the first channel section has a first sealing element at its channel end facing the battery housing, which is designed to loosely connect the degassing channel to the battery housing. In other words, this means that a tight connection can be created between the high-voltage battery and the degassing device, particularly if the first sealing element is designed to create a positive connection with the battery housing and / or the first channel section.

[0012] Since the first channel section and the second channel section are preferably manufactured independently of one another, thus separately, in order to achieve a cost-effective degassing device, a second sealing element of the degassing channel is advantageously arranged between the first channel section and the second channel section.

[0013] The targeted outflow can be further ensured if the second channel section has an outflow element with an outflow opening at its end facing away from the first channel section, which is designed to deflect the flow. In other words, this means that a targeted outflow of the fluid mixture can be easily achieved at an outlet of the degassing channel. Since this is an outflow element that is manufactured independently of the degassing channel, and thus also independently of the second channel section, the outflow element can be adapted to different car bodies and requirements without having to adapt the entire degassing channel.

[0014] If the outflow opening is at least partially surrounded by a web, wherein the web is designed to extend in the direction of the second channel section, the receptacle allows for easy positioning of the second channel section in the outflow element. Furthermore, this makes it possible to design a separation point formed between the outflow element and the second channel section in a counterpressure-neutral manner, thus preventing the gas and / or particles from flowing out upstream of the outflow opening.

[0015] Further flow guidance, or flow deflection, of the gas and / or particles can be achieved if the outlet element adjacent to the outlet opening is partially convex. In other words, the outlet element has a corresponding contour in the area of ​​the outlet opening, which leads to flow deflection.

[0016] A further flow deflection can be easily achieved with the help of a guide vane arranged in the outlet opening.

[0017] Cost-effective production of the degassing channel, and thus of the degassing device, can be achieved by forming the first channel section and / or the second channel section in two parts. For example, the parts can be manufactured cost-effectively using a deep-drawing process.

[0018] A further aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle with a high-voltage battery, wherein the high-voltage battery has a degassing device. According to the invention, the degassing device is designed according to one of claims 1 to 10 so that a targeted outflow of the gas and / or particles flowing out of the high-voltage battery is directed in a defined manner into a region between an underbody of the motor vehicle and a road surface, and in particular, cannot flow into an interior of the motor vehicle body.

[0019] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawings. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures, can be used not only in the respective combinations specified, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the invention. Identical or functionally equivalent elements are assigned identical reference numerals. They show: Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a degassing device according to the invention in a first embodiment, Fig. 2 in a further perspective view of the degassing device according to the invention. Fig. 1, Fig. 3 shows a section of the degassing device according to the invention with virtual flow lines, Fig. 4 in a perspective view a section of a degassing channel of the degassing device according to. Fig. 1, Fig. 5 in a perspective view of an outflow element of the degassing device according to the invention. Fig. 1, Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of the outflow element of the degassing device according to the invention in a second embodiment, Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of an insert element of the outflow element of the degassing device according to the invention according to the second embodiment, Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of the outflow element of the degassing device according to the invention in a third embodiment, and Fig. 9 shows a section through the outflow element of the degassing device according to the invention in a third embodiment.

[0020] In the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 illustrates a perspective view of a degassing device 1 according to the invention in a first exemplary embodiment. The degassing device 1 is designed for a high-voltage battery (not shown in detail) of a motor vehicle (not shown in detail). The high-voltage battery has a battery module arranged in a battery housing of the high-voltage battery.

[0021] The high-voltage battery drives the motor vehicle, with drive energy being stored in the high-voltage battery. In the event of a defect in the high-voltage battery, particularly within the high-voltage battery, the battery module can be damaged in such a way that, for example, a short circuit occurs between individual cells of the module, or if there are multiple battery modules, between the battery modules. This is also referred to as "thermal runaway". During this process, gases and particles, referred to below as battery gas, can be released. The battery gas escapes from the cell or battery module within the battery housing, causing pressure to rise in the battery housing. To prevent the battery housing from bursting, the battery housing has one or more openings that are tightly closed by appropriate closure elements.In the event of a pressure increase within the battery housing, these closure elements release the passages, allowing the battery gas to escape into the environment. The high-voltage battery vents at the location of the passages.

[0022] To enable preferential degassing, a degassing channel 2 of the degassing device 1 is designed to remove or divert the battery gas between an underbody of the motor vehicle and a road surface. For this purpose, the passage opening of the battery housing can be connected to the degassing device 1, in particular the degassing channel 2, in a way that allows flow.

[0023] The degassing device 1 according to the invention has a first channel section 3 and a second channel section 4, which are connected to one another in a way that allows flow. The first channel section 3 has a channel inlet 5, which is connected to the battery housing. To establish a connection between the degassing channel 2 and the battery housing, the degassing channel 2 is placed with its channel inlet 5 against the passage opening. A first sealing element 6 serves to bring about a gas-tight connection between the battery housing and the degassing channel 2. In an exemplary embodiment not shown in detail, the first channel section 3 is firmly and gas-tightly connected to the battery housing. Likewise, the connection between the battery housing and the degassing channel 2 could also be non-gas-tight. The first sealing element 6 is thus designed for the loose connection of the degassing channel 2 to the battery housing.

[0024] In the present exemplary embodiment, the first sealing element 6 is designed to establish a positive connection with the battery housing and to establish a positive connection with the first channel section 3. To establish the positive connection with the battery housing, it has positive-locking elements 10 in the form of pins and grooves on its element side 9 facing the battery housing. Of course, the positive connection could also be formed with other positive-locking elements 10 suitable for establishing a positive connection.

[0025] The first channel section 3 is nozzle-shaped at its channel section end region 7 facing the second channel section 4. In other words, it has a nozzle geometry in the channel section end region 7. A nozzle geometry is understood to mean a reduction in the flow cross-section formed in the first channel section 3 to achieve a nozzle function. With the aid of the nozzle geometry, the battery gas flowing through the degassing channel 2 can be fed to the second channel section 4 in a defined manner.

[0026] In the present exemplary embodiment, a second sealing element 8 is arranged at a separation point 11 formed between the first channel section 3 and the second channel section 4 to ensure a tight seal in the degassing channel 2. In other words, this means that the first channel section 3 has a corresponding sealing geometry at each of its ends to accommodate the sealing element 6; 8. However, it is also possible to design the separation point 11 to be gas-tight.

[0027] The sealing geometry facing the second channel section 4 for receiving the second sealing element 8 can be designed in the form of a “viewguard”.

[0028] However, if the separation point 11 is designed to be gas-tight, it must be configured to create a so-called Venturi effect. This can be achieved, for example, by an appropriate geometry of the second channel section 4. Due to a localized negative pressure then developing when the gas is flowing through the degassing channel 2, the battery gas cannot escape from the separation point 11 into the environment. Furthermore, gaseous fluid from the environment is drawn through the separation point 11 into the degassing channel 2, whereby the hot battery gas flowing through the degassing channel 2 in the second channel section 4 is enveloped by a type of cooling "jacket flow" from the ambient fluid, in particular air.

[0029] In the present embodiment, the second sealing element 6 is fixed to the second channel section 4, at its end facing the first channel section 3. It has internal sealing lamellas 24 to ensure trouble-free joining of the degassing channel 2, both during initial series installation and during customer service, in an extension direction of the degassing channel 2 and in a direction transverse to the extension direction.

[0030] The degassing channel 2 has a holding element 12, which is designed to support the first channel section 3. The holding element 12 can be fixedly arranged on the battery housing or on a body of the motor vehicle.

[0031] At its channel end 13, the second channel section 4 has an outflow element 14 with an outflow opening 15. The outflow element 14 is designed for flow deflection. Upstream of the outflow element 14, in the region of the channel end 13, a flow guide element 31 is formed in the form of an embossed portion in the second channel section 4. In other words, the second channel section 4 has an inner contour 32 in the region of its channel end 13, which is designed for defined flow deflection. Fig. Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the second channel section 4 with virtual flow lines S of the gas flowing through the degassing channel 2, illustrating the function of the outflow element 14. The battery gas flowing through is guided by a contour 23 of the outflow element 14.

[0032] The outflow opening 15 is surrounded by a web 16, wherein the web 16 is designed to extend in the direction of the second channel section 4. Adjacent to the outflow opening 15, the outflow element 14 is designed to be convex, partially facing away from the second channel section 4. In other words, this means that a bulge 17 is designed to extend in the opposite direction of the web 16.

[0033] The second channel section 4 is in Fig. 4 in a perspective view. Like the first channel section 3, it is constructed in two parts, in particular from cost-effective half-shells, each comprising an upper shell 25 and a lower shell 26, each of which has a joining flange 27. It should be noted at this point that the two channel sections 3, 4 are manufactured independently of each other.

[0034] The second channel section 4 has integrated connection elements 28 on its joining flange 27 for fixation, for example, to the vehicle body. Furthermore, stampings 33 are integrated into the joining flange 27 for positioning the shells 25, 26 during their production and / or for contacting a corresponding connection geometry.

[0035] In Fig. 5 illustrates in a perspective view the outflow element 14 of the degassing device 1 according to the invention according to the first embodiment.

[0036] The outflow element 14 of the degassing device 1 according to the invention in a second embodiment is shown in a perspective view in Fig. 6. A guide vane 18 is formed in the outflow opening 15. Or, in other words, the outflow opening 15 has the guide vane 18. In this embodiment, the guide vane 18 has longitudinal struts 21.

[0037] The guide grid 18 is fixed by means of an insert element 19, which Fig. 7, wherein the guide grid 18 is formed in the insert element 19. The insert element 19, which has so-called folding and melting webs 30, has a passage opening 20 in the region of the bulge 17 so that the bulge 17 can be arranged extending through the passage opening 20.

[0038] In the Fig. 8 and Fig. Figure 9 shows the outflow element 14 of the degassing device 1 according to the invention in a third embodiment in a perspective view or a section. The guide vane 18 is formed integrally with the outflow element 14. In this embodiment, it has transverse struts 22, which are "gill-shaped" or, in other words, inclined relative to a plane of a mounting plate 29, in particular arranged parallel to the web 16.

[0039] The outflow element 14 can be connected to the second channel section 4 in a gas-tight or gas-leak manner. In the present exemplary embodiments, a gas-leak connection between the outflow element 14 and the second channel section 4 is selected, wherein the contour 23 of the outflow element 14 guides the battery gas at the end of the second channel section 4 with a high momentum into the outflow element 14. A counterpressure-neutral contour 23 thus prevents undefined escape of the gas into the environment.

[0040] The mounting plate 29 of the outflow element 14 is designed for fastening to an underbody panel of the motor vehicle body, wherein it can preferably be fastened to the underbody panel by means of screws or rivets.

[0041] The two sealing elements 6, 8 are made of a high-temperature-resistant material. The outlet element 14 is preferably made of a material that is resistant to gas, particle, and temperature exposure. The material can be plastic or metal. List of reference symbols 1 degassing device 2 degassing channel 3 First canal section 4 Second canal section 5 Canal entry 6 First sealing element 7 Channel section end area 8 Second sealing element 9 Element page 10 Form-locking element 11 Separation point 12 Holding element 13 Channel end 14 Outlet element 15 Outlet opening 16 jetty 17 bulge 18 guide rails 19 Insert element 20 passage opening 21 Longitudinal strut 22 Cross brace 23 Contour 24 sealing lamella 25 upper shell 26 Lower shell 27 Joining flange 28 Connecting element 29 Mounting plate 30 Folding and melting bridge 31 Flow guide element 32 inner contour 33 Embossing S flow line QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2022 109 655 A1

[0003] DE 10 2021 112 231 A1

[0003] DE 10 2021 123 314 A1

[0004] DE 10 2021 102 908 A1

[0005] US 2021 / 0359374 A1

[0006] US 2022 / 0263154 A1

[0007]

Claims

[1] Degassing device (1) of a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle, wherein the high-voltage battery has a battery module which is arranged in a battery housing, and wherein the battery housing has at least one passage opening which can be connected to a degassing channel (2) of the degassing device (1) in a flow-through manner, wherein the degassing channel (2) is designed to remove gas and / or particles between an underbody of the motor vehicle and a road surface, characterized by that the degassing channel (2) has at least a first channel section (3) and a second channel section (4), wherein the first channel section (4) has a nozzle geometry at its channel section end region (7) facing the second channel section (4). [2] Degassing device (1) according to claim 1, characterized bythat the first channel section (3) has a first sealing element (6) of the degassing channel (2) at its channel inlet (5) facing the battery housing, which sealing element is designed for loosely connecting the degassing channel (2) to the battery housing. [3] Degassing device (1) according to claim 2, characterized by that the first sealing element (6) is designed to bring about a positive connection with the battery housing. [4] Degassing line (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by that the first sealing element (6) is designed to bring about a positive connection with the first channel section (3). [5] Degassing device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a second sealing element (8) of the degassing channel (2) is arranged between the first channel section (3) and the second channel section (4). [6] Degassing device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the second channel section (4) has, at its channel end (13) facing away from the first channel section (3), an outflow element (14) with an outflow opening (15) which is designed to deflect the flow. [7] Degassing device (1) according to claim 6, characterized by that the outflow opening (15) is at least partially surrounded by a web (16), wherein the web (16) is designed to extend in the direction of the second channel section (4). [8] Degassing device (1) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by that the outflow element (14) adjacent to the outflow opening (15) is partially convex. [9] Degassing device (1) according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized by that the outlet opening (15) has a guide grille (18). [10] Degassing device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the first channel section (3) and / or the second channel section (4) are formed at least in two parts. [11] Motor vehicle with a high-voltage battery, wherein the high-voltage battery has a degassing device (1), characterized by that the degassing device (1) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 10.

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