Device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door

Abstract

An embodiment of a device for opening and closing a sliding door (12) of a vehicle (1) comprises a bracket (23) slidably installed along a longitudinal direction of the vehicle (1), a pair of connecting elements (21, 22) rotatably installed on the bracket (23) and spaced from each other, a first end portion of the pair of connecting elements (21, 22) being pivotally connected to the sliding door (12) of the vehicle (1), and a protruding unit configured to protrude the sliding door (12) from a vehicle body of the vehicle (1) by rotating the pair of connecting elements (21, 22) during an initial phase of an opening operation of the sliding door (12).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door. BACKGROUND

[0002] A door is attached to one side of a vehicle to allow an occupant to enter and exit a vehicle compartment or to load and unload luggage into the vehicle.

[0003] For example, a sliding door configured to slide along a longitudinal direction of the vehicle and to open and close a transverse side of the vehicle is mounted on the transverse side of the vehicle.

[0004] The sliding door in a closed state is projected or moved forward a predetermined distance in the transverse or width direction of the vehicle and then slid in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle to open. To close the sliding door, the sliding door is operated in the reverse order.

[0005] In the related art, a center rail for guiding the sliding operation of the sliding door is mounted on the side wall of the vehicle, and a roller that moves along the center rail is mounted on the sliding door. The sliding door must fully project in the width direction of the vehicle to provide space for the center rail and the rail to operate, and to prevent an inner surface of the sliding door from interfering with an outer surface of the vehicle.

[0006] However, if the distance by which the sliding door protrudes from the outer surface of the vehicle is increased, a problem arises that an occupant waiting to enter the vehicle or a person standing near the vehicle may be injured due to an impact from the projecting sliding door.

[0007] In addition, the center rail attached to the side of the vehicle is visible from the outside of the vehicle when the sliding door is closed, which impairs the exterior appearance of the vehicle. BRIEF EXPLANATION

[0008] The present disclosure relates to a device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door. Particular embodiments relate to a device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door that is capable of opening and closing a sliding door on a transverse side of a vehicle and is designed to be opened and closed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

[0009] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a vehicle sliding door opening and closing device capable of stably opening and closing a sliding door without using a center rail and minimizing a distance by which the sliding door protrudes from a lateral side of the vehicle during an operation of opening and closing the sliding door.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a vehicle sliding door opening and closing device, comprising a bracket slidably installed along a longitudinal direction of a vehicle, a pair of link members pivotably installed on the bracket in such a manner as to be spaced apart from each other (e.g., in the vehicle longitudinal direction), one end portion of the pair of link members being pivotally connected to a sliding door of the vehicle, and a protruding unit for protruding the sliding door from a vehicle body of the vehicle by pivoting the pair of link members during an initial stage of an opening operation of the sliding door.

[0011] In the vehicle sliding door opening and closing device, for example, the projection unit may include a roller installed at another end portion of the pair of links, and a movement guide (e.g., guide rail) that rotates or swings the pair of links during the initial stage of opening the sliding door by guiding or setting a movement path of the roller.

[0012] In the device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door, for example, the movement guide may have a first projection portion formed in the width direction of the vehicle, a sliding portion formed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and a second, circular-arc-shaped projection portion connecting an outer end of the first projection portion and an end of the sliding portion (for example, the movement guide is substantially L-shaped as a rail with the first projection portion as the short leg, the sliding portion as the long leg, and the circular-arc-shaped projection portion connecting these two portions).

[0013] For example, in the vehicle sliding door opening and closing device, when the pair of links is moved together with the bracket, the pair of links can be rotated or pivoted by the roller (e.g., a pair of rollers) while being moved in the first projecting portion and the second projecting portion, thereby projecting the sliding door.

[0014] For example, in the device for opening and closing vehicle sliding doors, the roller or the pair of connecting elements can be rotated or pivoted more when the roller is moved in the first projecting portion than when it is moved in the second projecting portion.

[0015] For example, in the sliding door opening and closing device for vehicles, when the roller is moved in the sliding section, the pair of links cannot be further rotated or pivoted so that the sliding door maintains a projected state.

[0016] For example, in the device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door, the pair of connecting members may include a first connecting member (e.g., a lever, e.g., having two legs forming an obtuse angle with each other) and a second connecting member (e.g., a lever, e.g., an at least substantially C-shaped lever) arranged to be spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and the roller may be installed at the other end portion of the first connecting member.

[0017] In the device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door, for example, the roller may be positioned further forward in a sliding direction of the sliding door than a rotation axis of the first link member in a state where the sliding door is closed.

[0018] In the device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door, for example, the movement guide can be designed so that it has a concave cross-section so that the roller can be positioned and moved (e.g. guided) within the movement guide.

[0019] The device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door may, for example, further comprise a guide rail attached to the vehicle body along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and a slider (e.g., a block; hereinafter referred to as slider) slidably attached to the guide rail, the support being attached to the slider.

[0020] In the device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door, a plurality of slides can be provided, which can be attached to the support in such a way that they are spaced apart from one another (e.g. in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle).

[0021] In the device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door, a door bracket may be attached to the sliding door, and one (e.g., respective) end portion of the pair of connecting members may be hingedly connected to the door bracket.

[0022] In the device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door, for example, the carrier, the pair of connecting elements and the door bracket can form a parallelogram-shaped four-bar linkage.

[0023] In the device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door, for example, the door bracket can be attached to the upper and / or lower part of the sliding door.

[0024] The device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door may, for example, further comprise a drive motor (e.g., electric motor) installed on the vehicle, a screw (e.g., lead screw) rotatably installed on the vehicle so as to be arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the screw being rotated by the drive motor, and a movement block coupled to the screw in a nut-and-bolt fastening manner (e.g., in the manner of a movement screw or movement lead screw), the movement block being moved along an axial direction of the screw and being fixed to the bracket when the screw is screwed, wherein, when the drive motor is rotated, the bracket can be moved along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

[0025] In the vehicle sliding door opening and closing device according to the embodiments of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the upper and lower portions of the sliding door are each slid in a support state. Therefore, even though no center rail is used, the sliding door is operated stably.

[0026] Since no center rail is used, a reduction in the quality of the vehicle's exterior appearance due to the installation of the center rail on the transverse side of the vehicle can be prevented.

[0027] In addition, the space within the vehicle body where the sliding door is operated for opening and closing is minimized. This further increases the interior space and the space for mounting a battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a side view showing a closed state of a sliding door of a vehicle using a vehicle sliding door opening and closing device according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is a side view showing an open state of the sliding door of the vehicle using the vehicle sliding door opening and closing apparatus according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the sliding door in which the vehicle sliding door opening and closing device according to embodiments of the present disclosure is used. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the device for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the vehicle sliding door opening and closing device according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 6 is a plan view showing the vehicle sliding door opening and closing device according to embodiments of the present disclosure in a sliding door closed state. Fig. 7 is a plan view showing the vehicle sliding door opening and closing device according to embodiments of the present disclosure in an initial projected state of the sliding door. Fig. 8 is a plan view showing the vehicle sliding door opening and closing device according to embodiments of the present disclosure in a final projected state of the sliding door. Fig. 9 is a plan view showing the vehicle sliding door opening and closing device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure in the sliding door open state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] A vehicle sliding door opening and closing device 20 according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The vehicle sliding door opening and closing device 20 according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include: a bracket 23 slidably mounted along a longitudinal direction of a vehicle 1; a pair of link members 21 and 22 rotatably mounted on the bracket 23 and spaced from each other, one end portion of the pair of link members 21 and 22 being pivotally connected to a sliding door 12 of the vehicle 1; and a protruding unit for protruding the sliding door 12 from a vehicle body 11 of the vehicle 1 by rotating the pair of link members 21 and 22 during an initial phase of opening the sliding door 12.

[0030] The vehicle 1 in which the sliding door opening and closing device 20 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure is used is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shown.

[0031] The sliding door 12 may be mounted on a transverse side of the vehicle body 11 of the vehicle 1 along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1. The sliding door 12 may be opened when an occupant enters and exits a vehicle compartment of the vehicle 1 or when luggage is loaded into and unloaded from the vehicle 1.

[0032] The vehicle 1 may comprise a purpose-built vehicle (also referred to herein as a PBV). In most cases, the PBV can be implemented as an electric vehicle. To utilize the interior space or for other purposes, the vehicle 1, i.e. the PBV, can be configured such that the side wall of the vehicle 1 can be opened as wide as possible. For this reason, the sliding doors 12 on the transverse side of the vehicle body 11 can be mounted such that they can be opened and closed in opposite directions (e.g., one forwards and one backwards in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle).

[0033] The vehicle sliding door opening and closing device 20 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be installed in / on an inner surface of the sliding door 12 so that the sliding door 12 is opened and closed along the side wall of the vehicle 1.

[0034] The support 23 may be attached to the vehicle body 11 such that it is displaceable along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1. It may be necessary to displace the support 23 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1. For this reason, the support 23 may be installed via a guide rail 25 and a carriage 26 instead of being attached directly to the vehicle body 11.

[0035] The guide rail 25 can be fixedly installed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 11. The carriage 26 can be slidably mounted on the guide rail 25. The support 23 can be attached to the carriage 26.

[0036] Preferably, a linear guide is used as the guide rail 25. Accordingly, friction during opening and closing of the sliding door 12 can be reduced, and thus the sliding door 12 can be moved with less effort.

[0037] The support 23 can be connected to the carriage 26 at several points. This allows the support 23 to be moved stably or smoothly.

[0038] A plurality of connecting members 21 and 22 can connect the support 23 and the sliding door 12. The connecting members 21 and 22 can allow the sliding door 12 to protrude during the initial opening of the sliding door 12, thereby requiring less space, and to remain in a protruded state during a sliding operation. Accordingly, the space required for a passenger to enter and exit the vehicle 1 and the space in which a battery is mounted can be further increased.

[0039] A door bracket 12a may be attached to the inner surface (e.g. inside) of the sliding door 12 so that the connecting elements 21 and 22 are connected to the sliding door 12.

[0040] The connecting members 21 and 22 may be provided as a pair, one being configured as the first connecting member 21 and the other as the second connecting member 22. The first connecting member 21 and the second connecting member 22, which are spaced apart from each other, may be pivotally connected to the bracket 23 and the door bracket 12a. That is, a middle portion of the first connecting member 21 may be pivotally connected to the bracket 23 in a manner rotatable about a first connecting member pivot axis L1, and an end portion thereof may be connected to the door bracket 12a with a first connecting member door bracket pivot axis B1 as the pivot axis.The second link 22 may also be connected to the bracket 23 in a manner rotatable about a second link pivot axis L2, and an end portion thereof may be pivotally connected to the door bracket 12a with a second link door bracket pivot axis B2 as a pivot axis.

[0041] A length (e.g., in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle) between a portion of the support 23 to which the first connecting element 21 is hinged and a portion thereof to which the second connecting element 22 is hinged may be the same as a length (e.g., in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle) between a portion of the door bracket 12a to which the first connecting element 21 is hinged and a portion thereof to which the second connecting element 22 is hinged. That is, in Fig. 4, a length between the first link pivot axis L1 and the second link pivot axis L2 may be equal to a length between the first link door bracket pivot axis B1 and the second link door bracket pivot axis B2. Furthermore, the first link 21 and the second link 22 may be shaped to have the same length from their respective pivot centers, where they are pivotally connected to the support 23, to their respective other ends, where they are pivotally connected to the door brackets 12a. That is, in Fig. 4, a length between the first link pivot axis L1 and the first link door bracket pivot axis B1 may be the same as a length between the second link pivot axis L2 and the second link door bracket pivot axis B2.

[0042] The support 23, the first connecting element 21, the second connecting element 22, and the door bracket 12a may form a parallelogram-shaped four-bar linkage. Accordingly, the sliding door 12 can project a predetermined distance from the transverse side of the vehicle body 11. Then, the sliding door 12 can be slid along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1 in the projected state.

[0043] In a closed state, the sliding door 12 may be arranged in the same line (e.g., flush) as the side wall of the vehicle 1. However, the sliding door 12 may be required to be a predetermined distance away from the outer surface of the vehicle body 11 while being slid for opening and closing. For this purpose, a protrusion unit may be provided. The protrusion unit may protrude the sliding door 12 from the vehicle body 11 by rotating the first link member 21 and the second link member 22 during the initial phase of an opening operation of the sliding door 12.Furthermore, the projection unit can rotate the first link member 21 and the second link member 22 in the opposite direction to a rotation direction of the first link member 21 and the second link member 22 during opening of the sliding door 12 during a final phase of a closing operation of the sliding door 12, thus enabling the sliding door 12 to be positioned in line with the vehicle body 11.

[0044] For this purpose, the projection unit may comprise a roller 21a mounted on the other end portion of the first connecting member 21 and a movement guide 24 defining a movement path for the roller 21a.

[0045] The roller 21a may be rotatably attached to the other end portion of the first connecting member 21.

[0046] The movement guide 24 can accommodate the roller 21a inside it. The other end portion of the first link 21, when moving together with the bracket 23, can move within the movement guide 24, thereby rotating the first link 21. The first link 21 can be rotated in this way, allowing the sliding door 12 to protrude from or retract into the vehicle body 11.

[0047] The motion guide 24 may be formed to have a concave cross-section so that the roller 21a may be positioned within the motion guide 24.

[0048] During the initial phase of the opening operation of the sliding door 12, the movement guide 24 may rotate the first link member 21 to protrude the sliding door 12, or it may prevent the first link member 21 from being rotated while the sliding door 12 is slid for opening and closing. The movement guide 24 may have a profile including a first protrusion portion S1, a second protrusion portion S2, and a sliding portion S3 for guiding the sliding door 12 to be slidable after protrusion. That is, the first protrusion portion S1 of the movement guide 24 may be formed in a width direction of the vehicle 1, the sliding portion S3 may be formed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1, and the second protrusion portion S2 may be formed in a circular arc shape and have an outer (e.g.,in the vehicle width direction) end of the first projection portion S1 and one end of the sliding portion S3. When the roller 21a remains in the first projection portion S1 and the second projection portion S2, the first link rotation axis L1 of the first link 21 and the roller 21a can vary in their relative positions, and accordingly, the first link 21 can be rotated.

[0049] As the support 23 is displaced along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1, the roller 21a can be moved in the first projection portion S1. As a result, the first link member 21 can also be rotated, causing the sliding door 12 to partially project in a closed state.

[0050] Thereafter, the carrier 23 can be moved to the second projection portion S2 while continuously sliding. As a result, the first link 21 can be rotated, causing the sliding door 12 to fully project. The amount of rotation of the first link 21 can be greater when the roller 21a is moved to the first projection portion S1 than when the roller 21a is moved to the second projection portion S2. As a result, the distance by which the sliding door 12 projects can also be increased.

[0051] When the sliding door 12 is fully projected and thus the roller 21a is moved into the sliding section S3, the first link rotation axis L1 of the first link 21 and the roller 21a cannot vary in their respective relative positions. As a result, the first link 21 cannot be rotated. Accordingly, the second link 22 and the door bracket 12a cannot be rotated relative to each other. As a result, the sliding door 12 can maintain its projected state. In this state, the bracket 23 can be moved, and thus the sliding door 12 can be slid to open and close.

[0052] The second connecting element 22, together with the first connecting element 21, the support 23, and the door bracket 12a, can form the parallelogram-shaped four-bar linkage. As a result, the second connecting element 22 can be moved like the first connecting element 21. Therefore, when the roller 21a is installed on the first connecting element 21 and the roller 21a is moved on / in the motion guide 24, the roller 21a and the motion guide 24 have no (e.g., direct) influence on the actuation of the second connecting element 22.

[0053] In addition, the roller 21a and the movement guide 24 may be installed in the direction of the second link member 22 instead of the first link member 21 (for example, the first link member 21 and the second link member 22 may be swapped in their positions).

[0054] A drive motor 27, which outputs a rotational force when supplied with energy (e.g. electricity), can be mounted so that the sliding door 12 is automatically closed and opened and thus the carrier 23 can be moved.

[0055] The drive motor 27 may be mounted on one side of the vehicle body 11 and, when energized, may output rotational force. The drive motor 27 may be rotated in opposite directions when the sliding door 12 is opened and closed.

[0056] A screw 28 may be rotatably mounted on the vehicle 1 so as to be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1. The screw 28 may be rotated by the drive motor 27. One end portion of the screw 28 may be connected to the drive motor 27, and the other end thereof may be supported on a screw bracket 28a attached to the vehicle body 11.

[0057] A moving block 29 may be coupled to the screw 28 in a nut-and-bolt fastening manner. The moving block 29 may be fixed to the bracket 23. The moving block 29 and the bracket 23 may be fixed to each other using a fixing unit (e.g., an L-shaped bracket) 23a formed in a curved manner on one side of the bracket 23.

[0058] Coupling the screw 28 and the movement block 29 can enable a rotational movement of the screw 28 into a rectilinear movement of the movement block 29. The rectilinear movement of the movement block 29 can move the carrier 23 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1, thereby displacing the sliding door 12 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1.

[0059] When the drive motor 27, the screw 28 and the movement block 29 are not attached, the sliding door 12 can be installed open and closed (e.g., opened and closed manually).

[0060] The vehicle sliding door opening and closing device 20 configured as described above may be attached to an upper or lower portion of the sliding door 12, respectively, and thus open and close the sliding door 12 by guiding the upper or lower portion of the sliding door 12. The door bracket 12a may be attached to the upper or lower portion of the sliding door 12. The vehicle sliding door opening and closing device 20 may be connected to the sliding door 12 via the door bracket 12a.

[0061] However, the drive motor 27, the screw 28, and the movement block 29 may be installed on one of the upper and lower portions of the sliding door 12, preferably on the upper portion of the sliding door 12. Accordingly, when the upper portion of the sliding door 12 is operated, the lower portion of the sliding door can travel on the same path as the upper portion. Consequently, the sliding door 12 can be opened and closed.

[0062] In addition, as in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in a case where a pair of sliding doors 12 is installed on a transverse side of the vehicle 1, the above-described vehicle sliding door opening and closing devices 20 may be arranged to be symmetrical (e.g., in the vehicle longitudinal direction) to each other and may therefore be used in the sliding doors 12.

[0063] An operation of the vehicle sliding door opening and closing device 20 according to embodiments of the present disclosure configured as above will be described as follows.

[0064] Fig. 6 shows a state in which the sliding door 12 is closed. The sliding door 12 and the vehicle body 11 may be arranged on the same line in the state in which the sliding door 12 is closed.

[0065] Fig. 7 shows an initial projected state of the sliding door 12.

[0066] When an occupant operates a switch installed on / in the vehicle 1 to open the sliding door 12, the drive motor 27 can be rotated, thereby rotating the screw 28.

[0067] When the screw 28 moves the movement block 29 along a longitudinal direction of the screw 28, the carrier 23 can also be moved along the guide rail 25 together with the movement block 29.

[0068] When the carrier 23 starts to be moved along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1, with the movement of the carrier 23, the first connecting element 21 and the second connecting element 22 can also be moved together with the carrier 23.

[0069] At this time, the roller 21a can be moved within the movement guide 24. As a result, the first link 21 can be rotated. The first link rotation axis L1 of the first link 21 can be moved along the movement block 29 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1, and the roller 21a can be moved within the movement guide 24. As a result, the first link 21 can be rotated about the first link rotation axis L1. At this time, the first link 21 can be rotated in a direction in which the sliding door 12 is moved away from the vehicle body 11. The first link 21, the door bracket 12a, the second link 22, and the bracket 23 can form a parallelogram-shaped four-bar linkage.As a result, when the first link 21 is rotated about the bracket 23, the second link 22 can also be rotated in the same direction as the first link 21. Consequently, the door bracket 12a can be spaced apart from the bracket 23. Accordingly, the sliding door 12 can protrude from the vehicle body 11.

[0070] From a closed state of the sliding door 12 to an initial open state, the roller 21a can be moved a short distance toward the inside of the vehicle 1 in the first projecting portion S1 of the movement guide 24. That is, with reference to Fig. 6, the roller 21a can be positioned further forward in the sliding direction of the sliding door 12 than the first connecting element rotation axis L1 of the first connecting element 21 (in Fig. 6, the line A2 is positioned further to the right than the line A1). Then, when the first connecting element 21 is rotated while being moved together with the carrier 23, as in Fig. As shown in Fig. 7, the first link rotation axis L1 may be located on the same line as the roller 21a, and a center of the roller 21a may be moved a short distance toward the inside of the vehicle 1 from point R1 to point R2. Accordingly, this movement can restrict excessive protrusion of the sliding door 12 in the width direction of the vehicle 1.

[0071] Fig. 8 shows a final or late projected state of the sliding door 12.

[0072] When the drive motor 27 is continuously rotated, the carrier 23 can be moved along the guide rail 25 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1. As a result, the first link member 21 and the second link member 22 can also be continuously moved.

[0073] At this time, the first link 21 can be further moved into the second protrusion portion S2 of the movement guide 24. As a result, the first link 21 can protrude the sliding door 12 from the vehicle 1 while being rotated about the first link rotation axis L1.

[0074] When the roller 21a is moved in the first projecting portion S1 and the second projecting portion S2 of the movement guide 24, the sliding door 12 can also project in the width direction of the vehicle 1 while being slid along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1.

[0075] Fig.9 shows a state in which the sliding door 12 is slid after it has fully protruded.

[0076] By rotating the drive motor 27, the carrier 23 can be continuously moved along the guide rail 25. Subsequently, the first connecting element 21 and the second connecting element 22 can also be moved along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1.

[0077] The roller 21a can be moved along the sliding section S3 of the movement guide 24. As a result, the first connecting member 21 and the second connecting member 22 can be moved together with the support 23 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1 without further rotation. In this way, the sliding door 12 on the transverse side of the vehicle 1 can be fully opened.

[0078] When the sliding door 12 is moved a predetermined distance, the sliding door 12 can be stopped, thereby remaining in an open state. For example, a striker (not shown) attached to the sliding door 12 can be hooked onto and secured to a latch (not shown) attached to the vehicle body 11. In this way, the open state of the sliding door 12 can be maintained.

[0079] To close the sliding door 12, the above-described operations for opening the sliding door 12 can be performed in reverse order. Accordingly, the sliding door 12 can be closed.

[0080] When the drive motor 27 is rotated in the opposite direction, the other components can be operated opposite to the opening direction of the sliding door 12. As a result, the sliding door 12 can be closed.

Claims

[1] A device (20) for opening and closing a sliding door (12) of a vehicle (1), the device comprising: a support (23) which is slidably mounted along a longitudinal direction of the vehicle (1), a pair of connecting elements (21, 22) rotatably mounted on the support (23) and spaced apart from each other, a first end portion of the pair of connecting elements (21, 22) being hingedly connected to the sliding door (12) of the vehicle (1), and a protruding unit configured to protrude the sliding door (12) from a vehicle body (11) of the vehicle (1) by rotating the pair of link members (21, 22) during an initial phase of an opening operation of the sliding door (12). [2] Device (20) according to claim 1, wherein the projection unit comprises: a roller (21a) installed at a second end portion of the pair of connecting elements (21, 22), and a movement guide (24) arranged to rotate the pair of connecting elements (21, 22) during the initial phase of the opening operation of the sliding door (12) by guiding a movement path of the roller (21a). [3] Device (20) according to claim 2, wherein the movement guide (24) comprises: a first projecting portion (S1) arranged in the width direction of the vehicle (1), a sliding section (S3) arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (1) and a second projecting portion (S2) arranged in a circular arc and connecting an outer end of the first projecting portion (S1) and an end of the sliding portion (S3). [4] The device (20) according to claim 3, wherein in a state where the pair of link members (21, 22) is moved together with the bracket (23), the roller (21a) is arranged to rotate the pair of link members (21, 22) while being moved in the first projecting portion (S1) and the second projecting portion (S2), thereby projecting the sliding door (12). [5] Device (20) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the roller (21a) is rotated more when the roller (21a) is moved in the first projecting section (S1) than when the roller (21a) is moved in the second projecting section (S2). [6] The device according to claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein in a state where the roller (21a) is moved in the sliding section (S3), the pair of link members (21, 22) is not further rotated so that the sliding door (12) maintains a projected state. [7] Device (20) according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein: the pair of connecting elements (21, 22) comprises a first connecting element (21) and a second connecting element (22) which are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (1), and the roller (21a) is attached to the second end portion of the first connecting element (21). [8] The device (20) according to claim 7, wherein, in a state where the sliding door (12) is closed, the roller (21a) is positioned further toward a front side of the sliding door (12) in a sliding direction than a first link rotation axis (L1) of the first link (21). [9] Device (20) according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the movement guide (24) has a concave cross-section and the roller (21a) is arranged to be positioned and moved within the movement guide (24). [10] Device (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising: a guide rail (25) installed on the vehicle body (11) along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (1), and a carriage (26) slidably mounted on the guide rail (25), the carrier (23) being mounted on the carriage (26). [11] Apparatus (20) according to claim 10, further comprising a plurality of carriages (26) mounted on the carrier (23) at a distance from one another. [12] A device (20) for opening and closing a sliding door (12) of a vehicle (1), comprising: a support (23) which is slidably installed along a longitudinal direction of the vehicle (1), a pair of connecting elements (21, 22) rotatably mounted on the support (23) and spaced from each other, a protruding unit configured to protrude the sliding door (12) from a vehicle body of the vehicle (1) by rotating the pair of connecting members (21, 22) during an initial phase of an opening operation of the sliding door (12), and a door bracket (12a) installed on the sliding door (12), wherein a respective first end portion of the pair of connecting elements (21, 22) is hingedly connected to the door bracket (12a). [13] Device (20) according to claim 12, wherein the support (23), the pair of connecting elements (21, 22) and the door holder (12a) form a parallelogram-shaped four-bar linkage. [14] The device (20) according to claim 12 or 13, further comprising a plurality of door brackets (12a), the door brackets (12a) being respectively attached to the upper and lower portions of the sliding door (12).

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