Surgical Instrument

Abstract

The invention relates to a surgical instrument (10) having a base part (20) with a shaft (21) having a longitudinal axis (L) and a fixed first handle branch (22), wherein a working part (30) is arranged on the base part (20) so as to be displaceable parallel to the longitudinal axis (L), wherein a guide (33) arranged on the working part (30) is guided in a complementary guide (23) of the base part (20), and wherein a second handle branch (40) is arranged on the base part (20) so as to be pivotable about an axis of rotation (D) in such a way that the pivoting movement of the second handle branch (40) is converted into a longitudinal movement of the working part (30), and wherein a locking device (50) is provided which can be moved between a first position in which the guide (33) of the working part (30) is held in the guide (23) of the base part (20), and a second position in which the guide (33) of the working part (30) can be removed from the guide (23) of the base part (20),is movable, wherein the locking device (50) comprises a locking element (51) which is rotatable about an axis (A), which is arranged in particular substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (L), between the first position and the second position and which cooperates with a stop element (25) to limit the displacement path of the working part (30) relative to the base part (20).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a surgical instrument according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

[0002] Surgical instruments are known having a base part with a shaft having a longitudinal axis and a fixed first handle branch, wherein a working part is arranged on the base part so as to be displaceable parallel to the longitudinal axis, wherein a guide arranged on the working part is guided in a complementary guide of the base part, and wherein a second handle branch is arranged on the base part so as to be pivotable about an axis of rotation such that the pivoting movement of the second handle branch is converted into a longitudinal movement of the working part. Such surgical instruments are also referred to as sliding shaft instruments. At the distal end of the base part and the working part, interacting working elements can be arranged, by means of which biological material can be punched, clamped, or cut. The surgical instrument can therefore be designed, for example, as a bone punch for punching cartilage or tissue.

[0003] In order to clean such a surgical instrument after use, it is known to be able to lift the working part from the base part. Various locking devices are known, which can be moved between a first position in which the guide of the working part is held in the guide of the base part, and a second position in which the guide of the working part can be removed from the guide of the base part. An example of this is shown in DE 10 2008 034 287 A1.

[0004] Another example is shown in European patent application EP 1 491 155 A1.

[0005] The object of the invention is to provide a locking device which is easy to handle.

[0006] The object is achieved according to the invention by a surgical instrument having the features of patent claim 1.

[0007] Advantageous embodiments and further developments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0008] The surgical instrument according to the invention with a base part with a shaft having a longitudinal axis and a fixed first handle branch, wherein a working part is arranged on the base part so as to be displaceable parallel to the longitudinal axis, wherein a guide arranged on the working part is guided in a complementary guide of the base part, and wherein a second handle branch is arranged on the base part so as to be pivotable about an axis of rotation in such a way that the pivoting movement of the second handle branch is converted into a longitudinal movement of the working part, and wherein a locking device is provided which is movable between a first position in which the guide of the working part is held in the guide of the base part and a second position in which the guide of the working part can be removed from the guide of the base part, is characterized in that the locking device is a pivotable about an axis,which is arranged, in particular, substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, comprises a locking element rotatable between the first position and the second position, which cooperates with a stop element to limit the displacement path of the working part relative to the base part. By arranging a rotatable locking device, which allows a displacement path of the working part of varying lengths relative to the base part depending on the position, an easily operable locking device can be provided in a simple manner.

[0009] At the distal end of the base part and the working part, interacting working elements can be arranged, by means of which biological material can be punched, clamped, or cut. For example, a footplate can be arranged at the distal end of the base part, against which the distal end of the working part, which has a partially circumferential cutting edge arranged on the front side, can be pressed to punch out biological material, for example, cartilage or tissue.

[0010] It is possible for the locking element to be arranged on the base part and the stop element to be arranged on the working part. Preferably, the locking element is arranged on the working part and the stop element is arranged on the base part.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the working part has a surface facing the base part, and the base part has a surface facing the working part. The locking element is arranged on the surface of the working part facing the base part, and the stop element is arranged on the surface of the base part facing the working part. Such an arrangement can be designed to be particularly space-saving.

[0012] Preferably, the locking element is eccentric or non-circular, which can enable a compact design of the locking device.

[0013] According to the invention, the locking element comprises a disc in which a radial recess is arranged. Such a locking element is easy to manufacture.

[0014] Advantageously, the diameter of the disc is larger than the width of the working part. This allows the disc to project beyond the working part on at least one side, preferably on both sides, thus enabling easy operation.

[0015] Advantageously, the locking element has a cylindrical bearing pin that extends through the working part from the surface facing the base part to an outer side. Such a bearing pin enables a particularly compact and simple attachment of the locking element to the surgical instrument, in particular to the working part.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a marking is arranged on one end face of the bearing pin to indicate the position of the locking device, in particular to mark the position of the recess. This makes it easy for a user to recognize the current state of the locking device.

[0017] A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the locking element can be fixed in the first and / or second position by means of a locking device. This can prevent unintentional adjustment of the locking device.

[0018] A particularly space-saving design of such a locking device can be achieved if the locking element advantageously has at least one notch, preferably two diametrically opposed notches, and a locking lug, which is preferably designed to be resilient or spring-loaded, is arranged on the working element.

[0019] Preferably, the locking element is recessed into a recess arranged in the surface of the working part facing the base part, such that the surface of the locking element facing the base part is arranged substantially flush with the surface of the working part facing the base part. Such an arrangement can be designed to be particularly space-saving. Furthermore, such a design can achieve a protected arrangement of the locking element.

[0020] Advantageously, the recess comprises a groove in which the stop element is guided for longitudinal displacement. Such a design can enable a protected arrangement of the locking device.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the working part is held captively to the base part when the guide of the working part is removed from the guide of the base part. This allows the working part to be lifted from the base part for cleaning, but remains in close proximity, making it easier for the user to reassemble the surgical instruments after cleaning.

[0022] An embodiment of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the following figures. Fig. 1 a perspective view of an embodiment of a surgical instrument according to the invention with a base part and a working part, Fig. 2 a detailed view of the surgical instrument according to Fig. 1 with hidden working part and displayed locking element, Fig. 3 a further detailed view of the surgical instrument according to Fig. 1 with hidden working part and displayed locking element, Fig. 4 a detailed view of the surgical instrument according to Fig. 1 with hidden working part and hidden locking element as well as hidden locking device, Fig. 5 a longitudinal section of a section of the surgical instrument according to Fig. 1, Fig. 6 is a partially sectioned perspective view of a portion of the surgical instrument according to Fig. 1, Fig. 7 a perspective view of the surgical instrument according to Fig. 1 with the working part lifted from the base part, Fig. 8 a detailed view of the surgical instrument according to Fig. 1 with the working part lifted from the base part, looking at the surface of the working part facing the base part and Fig. 9 a plan view of a section of the surface of the working part of the surgical instrument facing the base part according to Fig. 1.

[0023] The Fig. 1 to 9 show various views of an embodiment of a surgical instrument 10 according to the invention with a base part 20 and a working part 30. The base part 20 comprises a shaft 21 with a distal end 21a, a proximal end 21b, and a longitudinal axis L. A fixed first gripping branch 22 is arranged on the base part 20, in particular at the proximal end 21b of the shaft 21. The working part 30 is designed in particular as an elongated working part 30 with a distal end 30a and a proximal end 30b.

[0024] The working part 30 is arranged on the base part 20 so as to be displaceable parallel to the longitudinal axis L. For this purpose, a second handle branch 40 is pivotally mounted on the base part 20 about a rotation axis D such that the pivoting movement of the second handle branch 40 is converted into a longitudinal movement of the working part 30. For example, the second handle branch 40 can pass through the base part and engage with a free joint head in a recess of the working part 30. Furthermore, a guide 33 arranged on the working part 30 is guided in a complementary guide 23 of the base part 20. The guide 33 can, for example, be designed as a T-shaped projection, while the complementary guide 23 can be designed as a T-slot.In the present embodiment, the guide 33 arranged on the working part 30 comprises two mutually facing L-shaped projections, which interact with a section with a T-shaped cross-section arranged between the two L-shaped projections. As long as the two guides 23, 33 engage at least partially, the working part 30 is fixed to the base part 20. Adjacent to the guide 23 of the base part, however, there is a lifting section 27, in which the guide 33 of the working part 30 can be lifted off the base part 20 once it has been fully displaced into this lifting section.

[0025] Since the working part 30 should generally only be lifted off the base part 20 for cleaning purposes, while in typical use the working part 30 should be held on the base part 20 in a longitudinally displaceable manner, a locking device 50 is provided which can be moved between a first position in which the guide 33 of the working part 30 is held in the guide 23 of the base part 20 (cf. in particular Fig. 1), and a second position in which the guide 33 of the working part 30 can be removed from the guide 23 of the base part 20 (see in particular Fig. 7), is movable.

[0026] The locking device 50 comprises a locking element 51 which is rotatable about an axis A, which is arranged in particular substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L, between the first position and the second position and which cooperates with a stop element 25 to limit the displacement path of the working part 30 relative to the base part 20. The displacement path of the working part 30 relative to the base part 20 is limited in particular by the stop of the locking element 51 against the stop element 25. As in particular in Fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the locking element 51 is arranged on the working part 30 and the stop element 25 on the base part 20. In particular, the working part 30 has a surface 34 facing the base part 20 and the base part 20 has a surface 24 facing the working part 30, wherein the locking element 51 is arranged on the surface 34 of the working part 34 facing the base part 20 and the stop element 25 is arranged on the surface 24 of the base part 20 facing the working part 30 (see in particular Fig. 7 and Fig. 8).

[0027] The locking element 51 can be arranged countersunk in a recess 36 arranged in the surface 34 of the working part 30 facing the base part 20 in such a way that a surface 51a of the locking element 51 facing the base part 20 is arranged substantially flat with the surface 34 of the working part 30 facing the base part 20 (see Fig. 8). The recess 36 may comprise a groove 37 in which the stop element 25 is guided for longitudinal displacement. (cf. Fig. 8 and Fig. 9)

[0028] The locking element 51 and the stop element 25 are in particular arranged relative to one another in such a way that in the first position of the locking element 51, when the locking element 51 strikes the stop element 25 (cf. Fig. 6), the working part 30 is only displaced relative to the proximal end 21b of the base part 20 to such an extent that the guide 33 of the working part 30 is still engaged with the guide 23 of the base part 20, or in other words, the guide 33 of the working part 30 is not completely arranged in the lifting-out section 27, and that in the second position of the locking element 51 (cf. Fig. 8), when the locking element 51 strikes the stop element 25, the working part 30 is displaced so far relative to the proximal end 21b of the base part 20 that the guide 33 of the working part 30 is disengaged from the guide 23 of the base part 20 or, in other words, the guide 33 of the working part 30 is completely arranged in the lifting-out section 27.

[0029] The locking element 51 can comprise a disc 52 in which a radial recess 53 is arranged. In the first position, the locking element 51 is rotated such that the stop element 25 abuts the outer edge of the disc 52 outside the recess 53, for example, diametrically opposite the recess 53 (see FIG. Fig. 2 to 6). According to the invention, in the second position, the locking element 51 is arranged such that the stop element 25 can enter the recess 53 (cf. Fig. 8 and Fig. 9), so that the displacement path of the working part 30 relative to the base part 20 in the proximal direction becomes longer and thereby in particular the guide 33 of the working part 30 can be brought out of engagement with the guide 23 of the base part 20 and the working part 30 can be lifted off the base part 20 (cf. Fig. 7). Preferably, when the guide 33 of the working part 30 is removed from the guide 23 of the base part 20, the working part 30 remains captively held on the base part 30, for example by an axial connection, preferably by means of a pin 44, between the joint head 41 of the second handle branch 40 and the working part 30.

[0030] The disc 52 can have a diameter DS which is greater than a width B of the working part 30, so that the disc 52 protrudes laterally in sections (cf. Fig. 7 and Fig. 8) and can be easily handled by a user.

[0031] The locking element 51 can have a cylindrical bearing pin 54, which extends through the working part 30 from the surface 34 facing the base part 20 to an outer side 35. The bearing pin 54 can be fastened to the disc 52 at one end, for example by screwing an external thread into a threaded bore of the disc 52 or by a press fit, and at the other end can rest against the outer side 35 with a circumferential collar 54b, preferably countersunk.

[0032] A marking 55 may be arranged on an end face 54a of the bearing pin 54 to indicate the position of the locking device 50, in particular to mark the position of the recess 53. The marking 55 may, for example, be in the form of an arrow.

[0033] The locking element 51 can be fixed in the first and / or second position by means of a locking device 60. For this purpose, at least one notch 61, preferably two diametrically opposed notches 61, and a locking lug 62 can be arranged on the locking element 51. If two notches 61 are present, one of the notches 61 can be arranged, for example, above the indentation 53, while the other of the notches 61 can be arranged diametrically opposite (cf. in particular Fig. 2 and Fig.4). The locking lug 62 can, on the one hand, provide haptic feedback when one of the notches 61 is rotated via the locking lug 62, and, on the other hand, can prevent unintentional rotation of the locking element 51 when the locking lug 62 engages one of the notches 61. The locking lug 62 can be designed to be resilient or spring-loaded. In the present exemplary embodiment, the locking lug 62 is arranged on a carrier element 63, which can be made of a metal, for example. A spring element 64, which can be made of an elastic plastic, for example, is arranged on the surface of the carrier element 63 facing away from the locking lug 62.The support element 63 and the spring element 64 can be T-shaped in cross-section, which is arranged in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L of the working part 30, and can be inserted into a T-shaped groove, which can be arranged in the working part 30 starting from the receptacle 36 for the locking element 51. The support element 63 can thus be mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable against the spring element 64 in order to be able to engage and disengage the locking device 60. Upon rotation of the locking element about the axis A, the locking lug 61, acted upon by the spring element 64, can snap into the notches 61 and fix the locking element 51 in this position. List of reference symbols 10 Surgical instrument 20 base part 21 shaft 21a distal end 21b proximal end 22 first handle branch 23 Guide 24 area 25 stop element 27 Lifting section 30 Working part 30a distal end 30b proximal end 33 Leadership 34 area 35 Outside 36 recess 37 grooves 40 second handle branch 41 Rod end 44 pin 50 locking device 51 locking element 51a Area 52 disc 53 indentation 54 bearing bolts 54a front side 54b collar 55 Marking 60 locking device 61 Notch 62 locking lug 63 support element 64 spring element L Longitudinal axis D axis of rotation A axis DS diameter B Width

Claims

[1] Surgical instrument (10) with a base part (20) with a shaft (21) with a longitudinal axis (L) and a fixed first handle branch (22), wherein a working part (30) is arranged on the base part (20) so as to be displaceable parallel to the longitudinal axis (L), wherein a guide (33) arranged on the working part (30) is guided in a complementary guide (23) of the base part (20), and wherein a second handle branch (40) is arranged on the base part (20) so as to be pivotable about an axis of rotation (D) in such a way that the pivoting movement of the second handle branch (40) is converted into a longitudinal movement of the working part (30), and wherein a locking device (50) is provided which can be moved between a first position in which the guide (33) of the working part (30) is held in the guide (23) of the base part (20), and a second position in which the guide (33) of the working part (30) can be removed from the guide (23) of the base part (20), characterized byin that the locking device (50) comprises a locking element (51) which is rotatable about an axis (A), which is arranged in particular substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (L), between the first position and the second position and which cooperates with a stop element (25) to limit the displacement path of the working part (30) relative to the base part (20), wherein the locking element (51) comprises a disk (52) in which a recess (53) is arranged radially, and wherein in the second position the locking element is arranged such that the stop element can enter the recess. [2] Surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized by that the locking element (51) is arranged on the working part (30) and the stop element (25) is arranged on the base part (20). [3] Surgical instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the working part (30) has a surface (34) facing the base part (20) and the base part (20) has a surface (24) facing the working part (30), wherein the locking element (51) is arranged on the surface (34) of the working part (30) facing the base part (20) and the stop element (25) is arranged on the surface (24) of the base part (20) facing the working part (30). [4] Surgical instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the locking element (51) is eccentric or non-circular. [5] Surgical instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the diameter (DS) of the disc (52) is greater than a width (B) of the working part (30). [6] Surgical instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the locking element (51) has a bearing pin (54) which passes through the working part (30) from the surface (34) facing the base part (20) to an outer side (36). [7] Surgical instrument according to claim 6, characterized by that a marking (55) for indicating the position of the locking device (50), in particular for marking the position of the indentation (53), is arranged on an end face (54a) of the bearing pin (54). [8] Surgical instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the locking element (51) can be fixed in the first and / or second position by means of a locking device (60). [9] Surgical instrument according to claim 8, characterized bythat at least one notch (61), preferably two diametrically opposed notches (61), is arranged on the locking element (51), and a locking lug (62), which is preferably designed to be resilient or spring-loaded, is arranged on the working element (30). [10] Surgical instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the locking element (51) is arranged countersunk in a recess (36) arranged in the surface (34) of the working part (30) facing the base part (20) in such a way that the surface (51a) of the locking element (51) facing the base part (20) is arranged substantially flat with the surface (34) of the working part (30) facing the base part (20). [11] Surgical instrument according to claim 10, characterized by that the recess (36) comprises a groove (37) in which the stop element (25) is guided so as to be longitudinally displaceable. [12] Surgical instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the working part (30), when the guide (33) of the working part (30) is removed from the guide (23) of the base part (20), is held captively on the base part (30).

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