Water distribution arrangement and photovoltaic system with a water distribution arrangement

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement (100) for water distribution for a drainage surface (116) of a flat arrangement (111) that is inclined against a direction of gravity (g), and to a photovoltaic system (110) having such an arrangement (100). The drainage surface (116) covers a substrate (200) in at least one region (220). The arrangement (100) comprises at least one permeable element (120) with a first end region (122) that, in an operating position, is fastened to a lower edge (112) of the drainage surface (116) and forms an extension of the drainage surface (116), onto which water (400) can be directed from the drainage surface (116). The permeable element (120) is guided under the drainage surface (116) and has passage openings (126), whereby a fluidic connection is created between the drainage surface (116) and the area (220) covered by the drainage surface (116).The water (400) flowing off the drainage surface (116) can be guided via the permeable element (120) and through the passage openings (126) to the area (220) of the substrate (200) covered by the drainage surface (116).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an arrangement for water distribution for a drainage surface of a flat arrangement, in particular a photovoltaic module, which is inclined against a direction of gravity, and to a photovoltaic system with such an arrangement for water distribution. State of the art

[0002] In agrivoltaic systems, so-called APV systems, which enable simultaneous use of the land for photovoltaics through photovoltaic modules for electricity generation and for agriculture, for example, for food production, the photovoltaic modules are arranged above or within agricultural land. This creates the problem of inhomogeneous rainwater distribution below and between the photovoltaic modules of a photovoltaic system. Without any precautionary measures, rainwater mainly drips off the lower edges of the photovoltaic modules. During rainfall, water runoff from the photovoltaic modules can lead to soil erosion and the formation of puddles below the lower edges of the photovoltaic modules, while little to no rainwater reaches the ground below a photovoltaic module area. This can have negative effects on plant growth, crop yields, and soil quality.

[0003] Even with other covering elements, such as eaves or roofs or mirrors or flat-plate solar collectors, runoff water below the lower edges of these covering elements can lead to soil erosion and the formation of puddles or rivulets, while little to no rainwater reaches the ground below the covering elements.

[0004] Collecting arrangements are known which can be installed on the lower edges of the photovoltaic modules and / or the covering elements in order to collect and drain the rainwater, whereby the rainwater can be stored in tanks or otherwise drained away.

[0005] Subsequently, the stored water can be applied to the area covered by the at least one photovoltaic module or the covering element, in particular an agriculturally used area.

[0006] Another approach for mobile photovoltaic modules is to position the photovoltaic modules vertically during a rainfall event, thereby reducing the covered area in order to irrigate the agricultural area as homogeneously as possible.

[0007] For example, DE 10 2014 006 523 A1 discloses a device that allows a piece of land to be used simultaneously for both agriculture and the generation of renewable solar energy. Here, the land is cultivated, and the solar cell array is installed on a support and support frame above it.

[0008] DE 10 2013 002 825 A1 discloses an agricultural and PV installation comprising a plurality of masts arranged at a horizontal distance from one another, forming a mast field and each designed to support PV modules on a substructure. The PV modules are rigidly aligned with the sun or are aligned to the respective position of the sun via pivot axes in a joint arrangement. The agricultural and PV installation has a grid-independent water supply with a rainwater collection system and an irrigation system for irrigating agricultural land, with a plurality of cisterns or a collection cistern serving as water storage. Disclosure of the invention

[0009] The object of the invention is to provide an arrangement for water distribution for a drainage surface of a flat arrangement, in particular a photovoltaic module, which is inclined against a direction of gravity, and a photovoltaic system with such an arrangement, which makes it difficult or completely prevents a reduced soil moisture below the flat arrangement, in particular below the photovoltaic module, and an increased risk of erosion in the area of ​​the flat arrangement.

[0010] The objects are achieved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments and advantages of the invention emerge from the further claims, the description, and the drawings.

[0011] According to one aspect of the invention, a water distribution arrangement for a drainage surface of a flat arrangement inclined against a direction of gravity is proposed, wherein the drainage surface covers a subsurface at least in one area. The flat arrangement can be a photovoltaic module or another suitable element or assembly.

[0012] The arrangement according to the invention comprises at least one permeable element with a first end region, which, in an operating position, is attached to a lower edge of the drainage surface and forms an extension of the drainage surface. Water from the drainage surface can be directed onto the extension of the drainage surface. The permeable element is guided beneath the drainage surface and has passage openings, creating a fluidic connection between the drainage surface and the area covered by the drainage surface, so that the water flowing from the drainage surface can be directed via the permeable element and through the passage openings to the area of ​​the subsurface covered by the drainage surface.

[0013] Advantageously, the arrangement according to the invention can prevent or at least partially avoid the water running off or flowing off the inclined drainage surface of the flat arrangement from dripping or flowing off the lower edge of the drainage surface of the flat arrangement and thereby only hitting the ground below the lower edge.

[0014] By means of the arrangement according to the invention, the water running off or flowing off the inclined drainage surface of the flat arrangement is directed to and distributed within the area of ​​the subsoil covered by the drainage surface. This advantageously eliminates the need for watering or subsequent application of water to this area. Watering the covered area(s) by means of the arrangement according to the invention can lead to an improvement in soil quality. This can improve plant growth in the covered area(s) of the subsoil. Furthermore, additional elements such as a water pump or an irrigation system can be dispensed with. This reduces the risk of errors when watering the covered area(s). Furthermore, cost-intensive maintenance can be reduced or avoided entirely.

[0015] Since the water no longer flows completely from the lower edge of the drainage area onto the subsoil in the area of ​​the lower edge, erosion damage to the subsoil in this area(s) can be avoided. Furthermore, erosion damage to other areas of the subsoil can be avoided because the water flowing from the drainage area can be distributed over the permeable element. In addition, the formation of puddles and / or trickles can be avoided. The water can flow or drip through the openings in the permeable element to the covered area. Additionally or alternatively, the water can flow through the openings to the underside of the permeable element. The water can collect on the underside of the permeable element and drip or flow off from there.

[0016] Dripping can be understood as the formation and detachment of individual water drops or the formation and detachment of a water stream.

[0017] With the arrangement according to the invention, the drip points or drip areas of the draining water can be specified by the positions and distributions of the openings in the permeable element. This makes it possible to irrigate the covered area. For example, the distribution of the openings can be used to adjust whether the water drips directly onto the plants or into the spaces between the plants. Areas to be irrigated can also be selected independently of the planting. Furthermore, for example, more water can flow through openings with larger cross-sections than through openings with smaller cross-sections, allowing the amount of dripping water in a given section of the permeable element to be adjusted.The distribution of water over the area covered by the drainage surface can be advantageously adjusted by adjusting the number, size, and spacing of the permeable element's openings. This can improve the distribution of the water draining from the drainage surface through the permeable element.

[0018] The amount and distribution of water across the covered area of ​​the subsurface can be adjusted, for example, allowing for more even wetting or the wetting of specific areas of the subsurface of the covered area below the drainage surface. This adjustment can be more precise the more openings the permeable element has.

[0019] Furthermore, the openings can be arranged homogeneously or non-homogeneously on the permeable element. The distances between the openings can be 1 cm, for example, if they are evenly distributed. However, smaller or larger distances are also possible. The water can drip through the openings or flow through the openings to the underside of the permeable element to drip off. The large number of openings allows the subsoil or the subsoil surface, and thus the plants on the subsoil, to be watered more evenly, and puddles and / or trickles, as well as erosion, can be avoided in certain areas.

[0020] The arrangement according to the invention can advantageously be easily retrofitted and is simple to implement.

[0021] The arrangement according to the invention has an extension in the longitudinal direction, the transverse direction, and the vertical direction. The vertical direction corresponds to the opposite direction of gravity, and the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction run perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the vertical direction. The longitudinal direction, transverse direction, and vertical direction form a global coordinate system. The transverse extension of the arrangement according to the invention can run in the transverse extension direction of the flat arrangement. For example, the transverse extension of the arrangement according to the invention can run parallel to the lower edge of the flat arrangement, for example, if the flat arrangement has a straight lower edge.

[0022] In the following, a flat assembly is understood to mean an assembly or element with a surface that is essentially impermeable to water. The assembly or element can be a single-piece or multi-piece roof, an overhanging element, a mirror, a flat-plate solar collector, a photovoltaic module, another assembly, or a combination of the aforementioned elements and assemblies.

[0023] The flat arrangement has a longitudinal and a transverse dimension. The base area of ​​the flat arrangement, which is spanned in particular by the longitudinal and transverse dimensions, can be square or rectangular. However, other base areas are also conceivable.

[0024] In the following, flat is understood to mean that a longitudinal extension and a transverse extension of the assembly or element are significantly larger than the extension of the assembly or element in the vertical direction of the assembly or element.

[0025] The transverse dimension of the flat arrangement can run in the transverse direction and thus parallel to the transverse dimension of the arrangement according to the invention. Other orientations of the flat arrangement in the global coordinate system are also conceivable. The orientation of the arrangement according to the invention can be adapted to the orientation of the flat arrangement in the global coordinate system if necessary.

[0026] The orientation of the longitudinal extent of the flat arrangement in the global coordinate system depends in particular on the orientation of the flat arrangement relative to the vertical direction. If the flat arrangement is oriented perpendicular to the vertical direction, the longitudinal extent of the flat arrangement runs in the longitudinal direction of the global coordinate system and thus parallel to the longitudinal extent of the arrangement according to the invention. If the flat arrangement is oriented parallel to the vertical direction, the longitudinal extent of the flat arrangement runs in the vertical direction. In this case, only a small area of ​​the substrate is covered by the flat arrangement.

[0027] If the flat arrangement is tilted differently relative to the vertical direction, the longitudinal extent of the flat arrangement runs in a plane spanned by the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction of the global coordinate system, if the transverse extent runs in the transverse direction. Other courses of the longitudinal extent in the global coordinate system are also conceivable.

[0028] The flat assembly, in particular the photovoltaic module, can be held above the ground by a stand. The stand determines the distance between the flat assembly and the ground. The stand has at least one extension in the vertical direction.

[0029] A surface of the flat arrangement can comprise photovoltaic elements which, in a power-generating position of the system, face a radiation source and / or radiation emanating from the radiation source and / or radiation reflected from the substrate. In a pivoting photovoltaic system, the surface with the photovoltaic elements of the flat arrangement can be aligned obliquely to the vertical direction and readjusted so that the flat arrangement captures as much radiation as possible, in particular solar radiation, with the photovoltaic elements. In a rest position, a pivoting photovoltaic system can rotate the flat arrangement so that the photovoltaic elements face the substrate in order to protect the photovoltaic elements from external influences. In a fixed photovoltaic system, the flat arrangement always has the same orientation to the vertical direction.

[0030] In the following, a drainage surface of the flat array is understood to be the side of the flat array that is largely exposed to the sky during precipitation, especially during rain, and onto which the precipitation, especially rain, strikes. The flat array is typically inclined, for example, toward the equator. The drainage surface can be the top side of the flat array with the photovoltaic elements or a bottom side of the flat array with or without photovoltaic elements.

[0031] In the following, an upper edge is understood to be the edge of the drainage surface that occupies the highest point. The lower edge is understood to be the edge of the drainage surface that occupies the lowest point. In the operating position of the arrangement according to the invention, the drainage surface is largely facing the sky. A rear side of the drainage surface corresponds in the following to the side of the flat arrangement which, in the operating position, is largely facing away from the sky and largely facing the ground during precipitation, especially during rain.

[0032] A permeable element is defined as an element with a longitudinal and a transverse dimension. The transverse dimension of the permeable element can run in the transverse direction and can be at least as long as the lower edge of the corresponding drainage surface. Several sub-elements arranged side by side can form the permeable element. The sub-elements can be arranged overlapping or in another suitable manner.

[0033] A first end region of the permeable element can run parallel to the lower edge of the drainage surface. The first end region of the permeable element can be attached to the lower edge of the drainage surface with either a positive or non-positive fit. The first end region of the permeable element can be attached to the lower edge of the drainage surface, for example, with a wire, a terminal block, or another fastening arrangement. This allows the permeable element to absorb and convey the flowing water. The longitudinal extension of the permeable element can run in the longitudinal direction or in a plane inclined to the vertical direction. Furthermore, an arcuate course of the longitudinal extension of the permeable element in the global coordinate system is conceivable.

[0034] The permeable element can, for example, be rectangular. The second end region of the permeable element, opposite the first end region, can be arranged below the drainage surface and covered by the drainage surface. Alternatively, the second end region of the permeable element can be arranged longitudinally behind an upper edge of the drainage surface.

[0035] The permeable element advantageously overlaps at least part of the area of ​​the subsurface covered by the corresponding drainage surface of the flat arrangement. For example, the permeable element can overlap the covered area almost completely. Alternatively, the permeable element can overlap less than half of the covered area. Due to the overlap, the water can drip from the permeable element onto the covered area of ​​the subsurface or flow towards the covered area of ​​the subsurface.

[0036] If the permeable element only partially overlaps the covered area, the underside of the drainage surface may also be only partially overlapped or covered by the permeable element. This allows, among other things, radiation reflected from the subsurface to reach the underside of the drainage surface. Furthermore, diffuse radiation can reach the underside of the drainage surface. Furthermore, radiation from areas of the sky visible from the underside can reach the underside of the drainage surface. For example, in summer, direct light can reach the underside in the mornings and evenings. This allows photovoltaic elements arranged on the underside to generate electricity from this radiation.

[0037] In the following, "permeable openings" are defined as water-permeable areas of the permeable element, where the drainage points can be defined by the permeable element. The permeable openings are placed relatively close together on the permeable element. For example, a spacing of approximately one centimeter is conceivable.

[0038] In the following, the subsurface refers to the terrain on which one or more flat arrangements are arranged. The subsurface can be flat or sloped. Several slopes of the subsurface are also conceivable. The support allows the vertical inclination of the flat arrangement to be independent of the slope of the subsurface. The subsurface has a surface that can be planted or on which at least one container with suitable contents for planting, such as a suitable substrate, can be located. Plants can also be arranged beneath the flat arrangements.

[0039] The area of ​​the subsoil covered by the flat arrangement depends on the slope and extent of the corresponding flat arrangement. Through a plurality of openings in the permeable element, which is largely arranged beneath the flat arrangement, the soil or the at least one container in this area can be irrigated, and puddles and erosion in certain places, particularly at the edges of the flat arrangement, can be avoided or at least made more difficult. In addition, the plants growing on the soil or in the at least one container can be irrigated. Alternatively, the openings in the permeable element or the planting can be arranged such that the water drips or flows onto the soil next to the plants. This can protect plants with more sensitive leaves from moisture.

[0040] According to a favorable configuration, the permeable element can be inclined against the direction of gravity. Gravity can thereby cause the water flowing from the drainage surface onto the permeable element to flow along the permeable element. The distance of the lowest point of the permeable element from the subsoil can be selected so that it is located above the tallest plant. The inclination of the permeable element can be steeper or flatter than the inclination of the drainage surface. In one embodiment, the inclination of the permeable element can be opposite to the inclination of the drainage surface.

[0041] According to a favorable configuration of the arrangement, the inclination of the permeable element can be constant. This allows for easy positioning of the permeable element. For example, the permeable element can be tensioned by fixing the first end region at the bottom edge and fixing the second end region in a suitable manner.

[0042] In an alternative embodiment, the inclination of the permeable element can decrease between the first end region and the second end region. As a result, the inclination can be steeper in a first section adjacent to the first end region than in a second section of the permeable element adjacent to a second end region.

[0043] By inclining the permeable element, the vertical drip rate of the water can be advantageously adjusted or spatially expanded. The incline of the permeable element can be changed smoothly or abruptly. In a steeper section, the water can flow more quickly, which can reduce the vertical drip rate of the permeable element in that section. In a flatter section of the permeable element, the water can flow more slowly, which can increase the vertical drip rate of the permeable element in that section. Since more water flows in the first section of the permeable element than in the second section of the permeable element, the proportion of water that drips off in the two areas can be roughly the same. This allows the water to be distributed evenly over the surface of the covered area of ​​the subsoil.

[0044] According to a favorable embodiment of the arrangement, the lowest point of the permeable element can be the second end region of the permeable element. In particular, the second end region can be the only low point of the permeable element. This can prevent the formation of folds or waves in the permeable element. This can prevent water from collecting at the low points of the folds and waves and prevent water from dripping off at these low points. By designing the permeable element so that the second end region forms the lowest point, it can also be ensured that the water flows to the second end region of the permeable element and thus also reaches covered areas that are a greater distance from the lower edge of the drainage surface.

[0045] According to a favorable configuration of the arrangement, the permeability of the permeable element can be constant between the first end region and the second end region. Advantageously, such a permeable element can be easily manufactured and easily assembled. Furthermore, assembly errors can be avoided if the permeability between the first end region and the second end region is constant.

[0046] According to an alternative embodiment of the arrangement, the permeability of the permeable element can increase from the first end region to the second end region. Since the water flow from the lower edge of the drainage surface and the first end region of the permeable element to the second end region of the permeable element decreases due to the water flowing through the passage openings, a more uniform drip rate can be achieved by increasing the permeability of the permeable element between the first end region and the second end region. Furthermore, a change in the gradient of the permeable element can be combined with the change in permeability to enable uniform dripping or flowing of water from the permeable element to the covered area.

[0047] According to a favorable configuration of the arrangement, the passage openings of the permeable element can be evenly distributed. Advantageously, such a permeable element can be easily manufactured and easily assembled. Furthermore, assembly errors can be avoided if the distribution of the passage openings, and thus the permeability of the permeable element, is constant between the first end region and the second end region.

[0048] According to an alternative embodiment of the arrangement, the number and / or size of the passage openings can increase from the first end region to the second end region. The number of passage openings can increase, or the size of the passage openings can increase while the number of passage openings remains the same, or the number of passage openings and their size can increase. This can increase the permeability between the first end region and the second end region. For example, locally variable layer properties of the material of the permeable element can be utilized. For example, the fiber spacing or hole spacing can decrease in the longitudinal direction or in the longitudinal extension direction between the first end region and the second end region, thereby increasing the number of passage openings in the longitudinal direction or in the longitudinal extension direction between the first end region and the second end region.

[0049] According to a favorable configuration, the permeable element can be designed as a net and / or a cloth and / or a sieve and / or a perforated sheet and / or a set of adjacent fibers. For example, agricultural nets for hail protection or shading can be used as permeable elements. Cloths and nets have the advantage that they can be easily adjusted in length and width. Perforated sheets and sieves have the advantage of providing a certain degree of stability in the longitudinal direction, so that the second end region can be positioned at a predetermined distance from the subsoil and / or the lower edge and / or the upper edge of the drainage area, even without a support structure.

[0050] According to a favorable configuration of the arrangement, the permeable element can be made of an optically transparent material. For example, the permeable element can be made of nylon or nylon threads or a transparent plastic. The transparent material can be permeable to radiation, in particular solar radiation. For example, the transparent material can be permeable to radiation reflected from the ground, in particular solar radiation. Additionally or alternatively, the transparent material can be permeable to diffuse radiation or permeable to radiation originating from areas of the sky visible from the underside.

[0051] This allows radiation to reach the back of the drainage surface or the corresponding side of the flat arrangement, even if the permeable element is arranged between the reflective substrate and the back of the drainage surface or the corresponding side of the flat arrangement. This is particularly advantageous for photovoltaic modules with photovoltaic elements on a top and bottom side. This means that photovoltaic elements arranged on the side of the flat arrangement facing away from the sky, particularly from the midday sun, can also generate electricity from, for example, radiation reflected from the substrate, diffuse radiation, or solar radiation directly incident on this side at certain times of the day.

[0052] According to a favorable configuration of the arrangement, the light transmittance of the permeable element can vary between the first end region and the second end region. In this case, the light transmittance can increase constantly. Alternatively, certain regions of the permeable element can be more translucent than others. The light transmittance of the permeable element can be advantageously adapted to the substrate.

[0053] In a favorable configuration, the permeable element can have cuts running in the longitudinal direction. These cuts can be impermeable to water and therefore cannot influence the vertical drip rate. Alternatively, the cuts can also act as passage openings. The permeable element can be thinner in the areas of the cuts, or the permeable element can have openings in these areas, making the permeable element more permeable to light, solar radiation, and / or other radiation. Furthermore, wind loads on the permeable element can be reduced. In nets and / or cloths, the cuts can be achieved by separating fibers in the transverse direction. Cuts can also be achieved by omitting fibers running in the transverse direction.Furthermore, fibers running in the longitudinal direction can be bundled in predetermined areas.

[0054] According to a favorable embodiment of the arrangement, a support structure can support the permeable element. In particular, at least one support element extending in the transverse direction or in the transverse extension direction can support the first end region and / or the second end region of the permeable element. Elongated objects, such as tubes or rods made of suitable materials, can be arranged at the first end region and / or the second end region. This makes it easier to tension the permeable element between the two end regions, and the formation of folds and waves is made more difficult.

[0055] According to a favorable embodiment of the arrangement, at least one support element of the support structure running in the longitudinal direction of the permeable element can predetermine the inclination of the permeable element. This support element can thus predetermine the course of the inclination of the permeable element in the longitudinal direction. In this case, the support element running in the longitudinal direction of the permeable element can impede the formation of folds or waves. The permeable element can be tensioned more easily by the support element running in the longitudinal direction of the permeable element. In this case, one or more support elements running in the longitudinal direction of the permeable element can be arranged next to one another. In particular, a support element running in the longitudinal direction of the permeable element can be arranged on each side of the permeable element.In this case, the permeable element can be attached to the support elements with suitable tension. The at least one support element extending in the longitudinal direction of the permeable element can be designed as a rail, a tube, a rod, or a curved plate. The support element can have one or more predetermined curvatures.

[0056] According to a favorable embodiment of the arrangement, the second end region of the permeable element can be connected via a connecting element to the upper edge of the flat arrangement and / or to at least one side of the flat arrangement and / or to a stand. In this case, a vertical distance of the second end region from the upper edge can be predetermined by a length of the connecting element. The connecting element can be designed to be length-adjustable. As a result, the vertical distance of the second end region of the permeable element from the upper edge of the drainage area and from the surface of the subsoil can be advantageously adjusted. For example, the vertical distance of the second end region from the surface of the subsoil can be increased when the covered area is being cultivated or when the plants have reached a certain size.Furthermore, the vertical distance of the second end region from the upper edge can be changed in order to adapt the inclination of the permeable element to a strength of rain or to a strength of wind or to the positioning of the plants or the at least one container.

[0057] According to a favorable embodiment of the arrangement, several drainage elements arranged parallel to the direction of gravity can be arranged on an underside of the permeable element. The drainage elements can be designed as elongated objects incorporated vertically into the permeable element, or as elongated objects attached to an underside of the permeable element. The drainage elements can be used to define numerous, local dripping positions or dripping points on the permeable element. The drainage elements can be arranged closely together in a grid-like manner; for example, the drainage elements can be spaced 0.5 cm apart. This spacing can decrease in the longitudinal direction of the permeable element in order to increase the number of dripping points in the longitudinal direction. The drainage elements can be designed, for example, as simple fabric threads or wires.The number of passage openings in the permeable element can correspond to the number of discharge elements. Alternatively, the number of passage openings can be greater or less than the number of discharge elements. Furthermore, the number of passage openings and the number of discharge elements in a section of the permeable element can be different or the same.

[0058] According to a further aspect of the invention, a photovoltaic system with such an arrangement for water distribution is proposed for a drainage surface of a photovoltaic module that is inclined against a direction of gravity, wherein the drainage surface covers a substrate at least in one area. The arrangement comprises at least one permeable element with a first end region, which in an operating position is fastened to a lower edge of the drainage surface and forms an extension of the drainage surface. Water can be directed from the drainage surface onto the extension of the drainage surface. The permeable element is guided beneath the drainage surface and has passage openings, thereby creating a fluidic connection between the drainage surface and the area covered by the drainage surface, such that the water flowing from the drainage surface can be directed via the permeable element and through the passage openings to the area of ​​the substrate covered by the drainage surface.

[0059] The advantages and definitions of the water distribution arrangement for a drainage surface inclined against a direction of gravity also apply to the photovoltaic system according to the invention.

[0060] Advantageously, the arrangement can prevent or at least partially avoid the water running off the inclined drainage surface of the photovoltaic module from dripping or flowing off at the lower edge and only hitting the ground below the lower edge.

[0061] In the following, a photovoltaic system is understood to be a system with at least one stand which holds at least one photovoltaic module above the ground. The at least one photovoltaic module can be connected via at least one cable, for example, to an inverter and / or consumer and / or storage device and / or at least one other photovoltaic module. The stand specifies a distance between the photovoltaic module and the ground. The stand has at least one extension in the vertical direction. The photovoltaic module corresponds to the flat arrangement and has a longitudinal extension and a transverse extension. The transverse extension can run in the transverse direction. The orientation of the longitudinal extension of the photovoltaic module depends, among other things, on the orientation of the photovoltaic module to the vertical direction.If the transverse extension of the photovoltaic module runs in the transverse direction, then if the photovoltaic module is aligned perpendicular to the vertical direction, the longitudinal extension of the photovoltaic module runs parallel to the longitudinal direction; if the photovoltaic module is inclined differently to the vertical direction, the longitudinal extension of the photovoltaic module runs in a plane spanned by the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction.

[0062] A top and / or bottom side of the photovoltaic module comprises photovoltaic elements. In a design in which the top and bottom of the photovoltaic module each comprise photovoltaic elements, one side faces more toward the sky or a radiation source and / or radiation emanating from the radiation source, while the other side faces more toward the ground or radiation reflected from the ground.

[0063] With a pivoting system, the top or bottom side of the photovoltaic module with its photovoltaic elements can be aligned and adjusted at an angle to the vertical direction so that the photovoltaic module captures as much radiation, particularly solar radiation, as possible. With a fixed system, the photovoltaic module always has the same vertical orientation. In a resting position, a pivoting system with only one side, which has photovoltaic elements, can rotate the photovoltaic module so that the photovoltaic elements are mostly facing the ground to protect them from external influences.

[0064] In the following, a drainage surface of the photovoltaic module is understood to be the side of the photovoltaic module which is largely facing the sky during precipitation, in particular during rain. This can be the top side with the photovoltaic elements or a bottom side with or without photovoltaic elements. In the following, an upper edge is understood to be the edge of the drainage surface which occupies the highest point. The lower edge is understood to be the edge of the drainage surface which occupies the lowest point. In the operating position of the arrangement according to the invention, the drainage surface is largely facing the sky, and the back of the drainage surface is largely facing the ground. In this case, the drainage surface and the back are inclined relative to the horizontal.

[0065] This arrangement directs the water running off the inclined drainage surface of the photovoltaic module to the area of ​​the subsoil covered by the drainage surface and distributes it there. This eliminates the need for irrigation or subsequent application of water to this area. Furthermore, erosion damage to the subsoil can be avoided because the water flowing off the drainage surface can be distributed via the permeable element. Furthermore, the arrangement according to the invention can be easily retrofitted and is simple to implement. Since the water no longer flows entirely from the lower edge of the drainage surface of the photovoltaic module onto the subsoil in the area of ​​the lower edge, erosion damage to the subsoil in this area can be avoided.

[0066] Furthermore, the distribution of the water draining from the drainage surface through the permeable element enables a more even wetting of the subsurface of the covered area below the drainage surface. Furthermore, the distribution of the water over the area covered by the drainage surface can be advantageously adjusted by the number, size, and spacing of the permeable element's openings. Furthermore, the drip points or drip areas of the draining water can be specified by the positions and distribution of the openings in the permeable element.

[0067] With a favorable design, the photovoltaic module can be designed to be fixed. The water distribution arrangement allows the water flowing from the drainage surface to be reliably distributed over the area covered by the drainage surface without having to position the drainage surface vertically. This allows photovoltaic systems to be constructed with a large number of fixed photovoltaic modules, thereby avoiding erosion damage.

[0068] With a suitable design of the photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic module can have photovoltaic elements on both the top and bottom. This allows for the advantageous use of radiation reflected or diffused from the substrate to generate electricity. drawing

[0069] Further advantages will become apparent from the following description of the drawings. The figures illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention. The figures, the description, and the claims contain numerous features in combination. Those skilled in the art will also expediently consider the features individually and combine them into useful further combinations.

[0070] Examples include: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a photovoltaic system according to the invention with an arrangement according to the invention for water distribution for a drainage surface inclined against a direction of gravity according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 a schematic representation of a photovoltaic system according to the invention with an arrangement according to the invention for water distribution for a drainage surface inclined against a direction of gravity according to a further embodiment of the invention and; Fig. 3 a schematic representation of a photovoltaic system according to the invention with an arrangement according to the invention for water distribution for a drainage surface inclined against a direction of gravity according to a further embodiment of the invention, Fig. 4 a schematic representation of a permeable element of the arrangement according to the invention from the Fig. 1 to 3. Embodiments of the invention

[0071] In the figures, components of the same type or function similarly are designated by the same reference numerals. The figures are merely examples and are not to be construed as limiting.

[0072] Before describing the invention in detail, it should be noted that it is not limited to the specific components of the device, as these components may vary. The terms used herein are intended solely to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. Furthermore, when the singular or indefinite articles are used in the description or claims, this also refers to the plural of these elements, unless the overall context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0073] The directional terminology used below, including terms such as "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "before," "behind," "after," and the like, is intended solely to enhance understanding of the figures and is in no way intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components and elements depicted, as well as their design and use, may vary according to the considerations of a person skilled in the art and may be adapted to specific applications.

[0074] The Fig. 1 to 3 each show an embodiment of a photovoltaic system 110 according to the invention with an inventive water distribution arrangement 100. The embodiments differ in the design of the inventive water distribution arrangements 100.

[0075] First, the similarities and then the differences of the water distribution arrangement 100 according to the invention will be discussed.

[0076] As can be seen from the Fig. 1 to 3, the illustrated substrate 200 has a flat surface 210 and a planting 212. The photovoltaic system 110 according to the invention comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules 111A. The photovoltaic modules 111A can also be arranged on an inclined surface 210 and / or on an uneven surface 210 and / or on an unplanted surface 210. Vessels for planting 212 can also be located on the surface 210. The arrangement 100 according to the invention for water distribution can also be arranged on photovoltaic modules 111A which are arranged on an inclined surface 210 and / or on an uneven surface 210 and / or on an unplanted surface 210 and / or on a surface 210 with vessels for planting.

[0077] Furthermore, the water distribution arrangement 100 according to the invention can also be used for flat arrangements 111 other than for photovoltaic modules 111A of photovoltaic systems 110.

[0078] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the flat arrangement 111 may be an assembly or element having a surface substantially impermeable to water 400.

[0079] The assembly or element may be a single-piece or multi-piece roof or overhanging element or mirror or flat-plate solar collector or overhanging assembly or the photovoltaic module 111A or another assembly or a combination of said elements and assemblies.

[0080] The flat arrangement 111, which in the illustrated embodiments is embodied as a photovoltaic module 111A, has a longitudinal dimension and a transverse dimension. The base area of ​​the flat arrangement 111, which is spanned in particular by the longitudinal dimension and the transverse dimension, can be square or rectangular. However, other base areas are also conceivable.

[0081] In the following, flat means that the longitudinal extent and the transverse extent of the assembly or element are significantly greater than the extent of the assembly or element in the vertical direction of the assembly or element.

[0082] As can be seen from the Fig. As can be further seen in Figures 1 to 3, the photovoltaic system 110 according to the invention comprises at least one support 118, which holds the flat arrangement 111, designed as a photovoltaic module 111A, above the substrate 200. The support 118 defines a vertical distance between the flat arrangement 111, designed as a photovoltaic module 111A, and the substrate 200.

[0083] The stand 118 has at least one extension in the vertical direction z. The vertical direction z of the global coordinate system runs opposite to the direction of gravity g. In the illustrated embodiment, the global transverse direction y runs parallel to the lower edge 112 of the run-off surface 116 of the flat arrangement 111. Furthermore, a longitudinal direction x and the transverse direction y of the global coordinate system run perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the vertical direction z.

[0084] In the illustrated embodiment, the transverse extent of the flat arrangement 111 runs in the transverse direction y. The orientation of the longitudinal extent of the flat arrangement 111 depends on the orientation of the flat arrangement 111 to the vertical direction z.

[0085] If the flat arrangement 111 is aligned perpendicularly to the vertical direction z, the longitudinal extent of the flat arrangement 111 runs parallel to the longitudinal direction x. If the flat arrangement 111 is inclined differently to the vertical direction z, as shown in the Fig. 1 to 3, the longitudinal extent of the flat arrangement 111 runs in a plane which is spanned by the vertical direction z and the longitudinal direction x.

[0086] At least one surface, which may be a top or a bottom of the flat assembly 111, comprises photovoltaic elements which, in a power-generating position of the photovoltaic module 111A, typically face the sun or, for the most part, the sky 300.

[0087] In a pivotable photovoltaic system 110, the surface with the photovoltaic elements of the flat arrangement 111 or of the photovoltaic module 111A can be aligned obliquely to the vertical direction z and readjusted so that the flat arrangement 111 captures as much solar radiation as possible with the photovoltaic elements. In a stationary photovoltaic system 110, the flat arrangement 111 always has the same orientation to the vertical direction z. In a rest position, a pivotable photovoltaic system 110 can rotate the flat arrangement 111 such that the photovoltaic elements face the ground 200 in order to protect the photovoltaic elements from external influences. The drainage surface 116 of the photovoltaic module 111A or of the flat arrangement 111 corresponds to the side of the flat arrangement 111 which, during precipitation, in particular during rain, largely faces the sky 300.This can be the top side with the photovoltaic elements or a bottom side without photovoltaic elements. The top edge 114 is the edge of the drainage surface 116 that occupies the highest point. The bottom edge 112 is the edge of the drainage surface 116 that occupies the lowest point. In the operating position of the water distribution arrangement 100 according to the invention, the drainage surface 116 faces largely toward the ceiling 300. A rear side 117 of the drainage surface 116 is the side of the drainage surface 116 that faces largely away from the ceiling 300.

[0088] In an alternative, not-shown embodiment of the photovoltaic system 110, the photovoltaic module 111A has photovoltaic elements on the top and bottom. One of the sides faces the roof 300 for the most part and forms the drainage surface 116. One of the sides faces away from the roof 300 for the most part and forms the rear side 117. Depending on the requirements, the top or the bottom can face the roof 300 for the most part and accordingly form the drainage surface 116. A photovoltaic module 111A having photovoltaic elements on the top and bottom can also generate electricity from radiation reflected from the substrate 200 and / or diffuse radiation.

[0089] The Fig. The photovoltaic system 110 shown in Figures 1 to 3 is designed to be non-pivotable. However, the support 118 can also be constructed in such a way that the flat arrangement 111 or the photovoltaic module 111A can be pivoted.

[0090] As can be seen from the Fig. 1 to 3, the arrangement 100 according to the invention for water distribution for the drainage surface 116 of the photovoltaic module 111A or the flat arrangement 111, which drainage surface 116 is inclined against the direction of gravity g, wherein the drainage surface 116 covers the substrate 200 at least in an area 220, comprises at least one permeable element 120 with a first end region 122, which in the operating position is fastened to the lower edge 112 of the drainage surface 116. In the illustrated embodiments, the arrangement 100 according to the invention comprises a permeable element 120. However, designs with several sub-elements are also conceivable, which together form the permeable element 120. The first end region 122 forms an extension of the drainage surface 116, onto which water 400 can be directed from the drainage surface 116.The permeable element 120 is guided beneath the drainage surface 116 and has passage openings 126, creating a fluidic connection between the drainage surface 116 and the area 220 covered by the drainage surface 116. As a result, the water 400 flowing from the drainage surface 116 can be directed via the permeable element 120 and through the passage openings 126 to the area 220 of the substrate 200 covered by the drainage surface 116.

[0091] As can be seen from the Fig. 1 to 3, a second end region 124 of the permeable element 120 is arranged below the drainage surface 116. As a result, the permeable element 120 does not completely overlap the region 220 covered by the drainage surface 116. In an alternative embodiment, the second end region 124 of the permeable element 120 can be arranged in the longitudinal direction x behind the upper edge 114 or flush with the upper edge 114 so that the permeable element 120 completely overlaps the region 220 covered by the drainage surface 116. In a further exemplary embodiment not shown, the permeable element 120 can only overlap half of the region 220 covered by the drainage surface 116.

[0092] As can be seen from the Fig. As can be further seen in Figures 1 to 3, the passage openings 126 provide drip points for the water 400. The passage openings 126 can be arranged in a grid pattern with a distance of one centimeter from each other.

[0093] However, other arrangements with different distances are also conceivable.

[0094] As can be seen from the Fig. As can be further seen in Figures 1 to 3, the permeable element 120 is inclined relative to the direction of gravity g. A perpendicular arrangement of the permeable element 120 relative to the direction of gravity g is also conceivable.

[0095] In an embodiment of the inventive arrangement 100 not shown in detail, the permeable element 120 can be made of an optically transparent material. For example, the permeable element 120 can be made of nylon or nylon threads, or of transparent plastic, or another suitable material. This allows radiation to reach the rear side 117 of the drainage surface 116. This is particularly advantageous for photovoltaic modules 111A with photovoltaic elements on a top side and a bottom side. Thus, even photovoltaic elements arranged on the side largely facing the substrate 200 can generate electricity, for example, from radiation reflected from the substrate 200 and / or from diffuse radiation.

[0096] In a further embodiment of the arrangement 100 according to the invention, not shown in detail, the light transmittance of the permeable element 120 can increase between the first end region 122 and the second end region 124. In this case, the light transmittance can increase, in particular constantly. Alternatively, predetermined regions of the permeable element 120 can be more light transmitting than other regions. The light transmittance of the permeable element 120 can be adapted to the substrate 200. In an alternative embodiment, the light transmittance of the permeable element can also be constant. Furthermore, the permeable element 120 can have an increased light transmittance starting at a certain point in the longitudinal direction x after the first end region 122.

[0097] As from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 4, the permeable element 120 can have incisions 127 extending in the longitudinal direction x or in the longitudinal extension direction. This can increase the back radiation onto possibly bifacial photovoltaic modules and reduce the wind loads on the permeable element 120.

[0098] In Fig. 4, the permeable element 120 is designed as a mesh. The incisions are created, for example, by cutting out triangles. Alternatively, after the first end region 122, the fibers of the mesh in the transverse direction can be omitted, and the fibers in the longitudinal direction can be formed into triangles by connecting them together at the second end region 124. Furthermore, fibers running in the transverse direction can be separated. In this case, the mesh can continue to have the same water permeability in the regions with the incisions. Alternatively, the incisions can additionally form passage openings 126. In a further alternative embodiment, a group of fibers running side by side can also be used as the permeable element 120.

[0099] The Fig. The embodiment of the arrangement 100 according to the invention for water distribution shown in Figure 2 differs, among other things, from the Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 illustrated embodiments of the arrangement 100 according to the invention for water distribution by the inclination of the permeable element 120.

[0100] In the Fig. In the embodiment of the inventive arrangement 100 for water distribution shown in Figure 2, the inclination of the permeable element 120 is constant.

[0101] In the in the Fig. 1 and Fig. In the embodiments of the inventive arrangement 100 for water distribution shown in Fig. 3, the inclination of the permeable element 120 decreases in the longitudinal direction x from the first end region 122 to the second end region 124.

[0102] As a result, the inclination in a first section 123 adjacent to the first end region 122 is steeper than in a second section 125 adjacent to a second end region 124.

[0103] As can be seen from the Fig. 1 to 3, the lowest point of the permeable element 120 is the second end region 124 of the permeable element 120. In the illustrated embodiments, the second end region 124 is the only lowest point of the permeable element 120.

[0104] As can be seen from the Fig. As can be further seen in Figures 1 to 3, the permeability of the permeable element 120 in the illustrated embodiments is constant between the first end region 122 and the second end region 124. The passage openings 126 of the permeable element 120 are evenly distributed in the illustrated embodiments and have similar cross-sections.

[0105] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the permeability of the permeable element 120 increases in the longitudinal direction x or in the longitudinal extension direction. In this case, the number and / or size of the cross sections of the passage openings 126 can increase from the first end region 122 to the second end region 124. The distances between the passage openings 126 can decrease. As a result, the permeability of the permeable element 120 increases in the longitudinal direction x or in the longitudinal extension direction. A combination of distances, cross-sectional sizes, and distribution of the passage openings for adjusting the permeability is also conceivable.

[0106] As can be seen from the Fig. 1 to 3, the permeable element 120 is designed as a net and / or cloth and / or sieve and / or perforated plate and / or a group of fibers running alongside one another. A perforated plate or a sieve is more dimensionally stable in the longitudinal direction x or in the longitudinal direction of extension than a net and / or cloth. A cloth and / or a net should therefore be stretched, in particular taut. With a cloth and / or net, the water 400 can flow through the passage openings 126 formed by fibers and drip off the underside 129 of the cloth and / or net. With a perforated plate and / or sieve, the water 400 flows along an upper side and drips off through the passage openings 126, or passes through the passage openings to the underside 129 of the perforated plate and / or sieve and drips off from there.

[0107] As can be seen from the Fig. 1 to 3, the illustrated arrangements 100 according to the invention for water distribution comprise a support structure 130 which supports the permeable element 120. As can be seen from Fig. 1 to 3, the support structure 130 in the illustrated embodiments comprises two support elements 132 extending in the transverse direction y or in the transverse extension direction of the permeable element 120, wherein one support element 132 extending in the transverse direction y or in the transverse extension direction supports the first end region 122 and another support element 132 extending in the transverse direction y or in the transverse extension direction supports the second end region 124 of the permeable element 120. The end regions 122, 124 can be wound around the respective support elements 132 extending in the transverse direction y or in the transverse extension direction.

[0108] The support elements 132 extending in the transverse direction y or in the transverse extension direction of the permeable element 120 can be designed as rollers, rods, bars, tubes, ropes, or wires made of a suitable material, for example, wood, metal, or plastic. The support element 132 extending in the transverse direction y or in the transverse extension direction for the first end region 122 can also be part of a fastening arrangement, for example, a clamp or a fastening wire.

[0109] The further support element 132 for the second end region 124, which extends in the transverse direction y or in the transverse extension direction of the permeable element 120, can also be connected to the stand 118 or the flat arrangement 111 in order to be fixed at a predetermined distance from the flat arrangement 111 or at a predetermined distance from the substrate 200.

[0110] The permeable element 120 is stretched between the two support elements 132 running in the transverse direction y or in the transverse extension direction of the permeable element 120.

[0111] In an alternative, not shown embodiment, the second end region 124 of the permeable element 120 can be connected via a connecting element to the upper edge 114 of the drainage surface 116 and / or to at least one side, in particular at least one edge, of the drainage surface and / or the stand 118. A vertical distance 134 of the second end region 124 from the upper edge 114 is predetermined by a length of the connecting element. In this case, the connecting element can be designed as a length-adjustable rod or as a length-adjustable cable. Due to the length-adjustable connecting element, the vertical distance 134 of the second end region 124 from the ground 200 can be variable, so that the permeable element 120 can be raised, for example, for field work.Furthermore, the vertical distance 134 of the second end portion 124 from the surface 210 can be increased when the covered area 220 is being cultivated or when the plants have reached a certain size. Furthermore, the vertical distance 134 of the second end portion 124 from the upper edge 114 can be changed to adapt the inclination of the permeable element 120 to the intensity of the rain or the strength of the wind or to the positioning of the plants or the positioning of the at least one container.

[0112] In an alternative embodiment of the water distribution arrangement 100 (not shown), the support structure 130 can have only one support element 132 extending in the transverse direction y or in the transverse extension direction of the permeable element 120, which is connected either to the first end region 122 or to the second end region 124.

[0113] In arrangement 100, the support structure 130 comprises at least one support element extending in the longitudinal direction of the permeable element 120. This at least one support element extending in the longitudinal direction determines the inclination of the permeable element 120 and is particularly advantageous for cloths and nets. For example, a support element extending in the longitudinal direction can be arranged at each of the side edges of the permeable element 120. This allows the permeable element 120 to be stretched between these support elements extending in the longitudinal direction. The support elements extending in the longitudinal direction can be arranged in addition to or alternatively to the at least one support element 132 extending in the transverse direction. Furthermore, support elements 132 can be arranged not only at the edges of the permeable element 120 but also centrally on the permeable element 120 in order to support it.The support elements 132 can tension the permeable element 120 and at least make it difficult for the permeable element 120 to wrinkling or sagging.

[0114] As from Fig.3, in the illustrated embodiment of the arrangement 100 for water distribution, a plurality of diverting elements 128 arranged parallel to the direction of gravity g are arranged on an underside 129 of the permeable element 120. The diverting elements 128 can be incorporated into the permeable element 120, for example in the form of a fabric or mesh, or they can be applied to the underside 129. The diverting elements 128 can be designed as threads, ribbons, or wires. The diverting elements 128 predetermine local drip positions. The diverting elements 128 are arranged in a grid-like manner and can be spaced approximately 0.5 cm apart. Other spacings are also conceivable. Furthermore, the diverting elements 128 can also be arranged on permeable elements 120 with a constant gradient.

[0115] After the water 400 has passed through the permeable element 120 through the passage openings 126, a water layer or water droplets form on the underside 129 of the permeable element 120 due to surface tension. Due to surface tension, the droplets collect on these vertical drainage elements 128. Gravity causes the droplets to move downward along the vertical drainage elements 128 and eventually drip down. Due to the large number of vertical drainage elements 128, the substrate 200 or the surface 210 of the substrate 200, and thus the vegetation 212 on the substrate 200, are evenly irrigated, and puddles and erosion in certain locations are avoided. Reference symbol 100 Water distribution arrangement 110 photovoltaic systems 111 flat arrangement 111A photovoltaic module 112 bottom edge 114 top edge 116 drainage area 117 Back 118 stands 120 permeable element 122 first end area 123 first section 124 second end area 125 second section 126 passage openings 127 incision 128 discharge element 129 subpage 130 Support structure 132 Support element in transverse direction 134 vertical distance of the second end area to the top edge 200 underground 210 Surface 212 Planting 220 covered area of ​​the subsurface 300 Heavens 400 water z vertical direction g direction of gravity x longitudinal direction y transverse direction

Claims

[1] Arrangement (100) for water distribution for a drainage surface (116) of a flat arrangement (111), in particular a photovoltaic module (111A), inclined against a direction of gravity (g), wherein the drainage surface (116) covers a substrate (200) at least in one area (220), comprising at least one permeable element (120) having a first end region (122) which, in an operating position, is attached to a lower edge (112) of the drainage surface (116) and forms an extension of the drainage surface (116) onto which water (400) from the drainage surface (116) can be directed, wherein the permeable element (120) is guided under the drainage surface (116) and has passage openings (126), whereby a fluidic connection is created between the drainage surface (116) and the area (220) covered by the drainage surface (116), so that the water (400) flowing off from the drainage surface (116) can be guided via the permeable element (120) and through the passage openings (126) to the area (220) of the substrate (200) covered by the drainage surface (116). [2] Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the permeable element (120) is inclined against the direction of gravity (g). [3] The assembly of claim 2, wherein the inclination of the permeable element (120) is constant or wherein the inclination of the permeable element (120) decreases between the first end region (122) and a second end region (124). [4] The assembly of claim 2 or 3, wherein the lowest point of the permeable element (120) is the second end region (124) of the permeable element (120). [5] Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a permeability of the permeable element (120) is constant between the first end region (122) and second end region (124) or wherein a permeability of the permeable element (120) increases from the first end region (122) to the second end region (124). [6] Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the passage openings (126) of the permeable element (120) are evenly distributed, or wherein a number and / or a size of the passage openings (126) increases from the first end region (122) to the second end region (124). [7] Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the permeable element (120) is designed as a net and / or as a cloth and / or as a sieve and / or as a perforated plate and / or as a group of fibers running side by side. [8] Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the permeable element (120) is formed from optically transparent material. [9] An arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a light transmittance of the permeable element (120) varies between the first end region (122) and the second end region (124). [10] Arrangement according to claim 9, wherein the permeable element (120) has cuts (127) extending in the longitudinal direction. [11] Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a support structure (130) supports the permeable element (120), in particular wherein at least one support element (132) of the support structure (130) extending in the transverse extension direction of the permeable element (120) supports the first end region (122) and / or the second end region (124) of the permeable element (120). [12] Arrangement according to claim 11, wherein at least one support element of the support structure (130) extending in the longitudinal direction of the permeable element (120) predetermines the inclination of the permeable element (120). [13] Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second end region (124) of the permeable element (120) is connected via a connecting element to the upper edge (114) of the drainage surface (116) and / or to at least one side of the flat arrangement (111) and / or to a stand (118), wherein a vertical distance (134) of the second end region (124) to the upper edge (114) is predetermined by a length of the connecting element, in particular wherein the connecting element is designed to be adjustable in length. [14] Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of discharge elements (128) arranged parallel to the direction of gravity (g) are arranged on an underside (129) of the permeable element (120). [15] Photovoltaic system (110) with an arrangement (100) for water distribution for a drainage surface (116) of a flat arrangement (111) according to one of the preceding claims, which drainage surface is inclined against a direction of gravity (g), wherein the flat arrangement (111) is a photovoltaic module (111A) and the drainage surface (116) covers a substrate (200) at least in one area (220). [16] Photovoltaic system according to claim 15, wherein the photovoltaic module (111A) is designed to be non-pivotable. [17] Photovoltaic system according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the photovoltaic module (111A) has photovoltaic elements on the top and bottom.

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