screening machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a screening machine (10) for screening and classifying mineral lumps, in particular rock material, or recycling material, comprising a chassis (11) to which a screen carrier, in particular a screen box (60) is fastened, wherein at least one screen lining (20) is replaceably fastened to the screen carrier, wherein at least one vibration damper (70) is effective between the screen carrier and the machine chassis (11).In order to improve the operational reliability of such a screening machine, the invention provides that the vibration damper (70) has two coupling pieces (71, 72), one coupling piece (72) being directly or indirectly connected to the machine chassis (11) and the other coupling piece (71) being directly or indirectly connected to the screen carrier, a damping lever (74, 75) being pivotably connected to each of the two coupling pieces (71, 72), the damping levers (74, 75) being coupled to a damping body (73) facing away from the coupling pieces (71, 72), a gap region being formed in the spacing region between the coupling pieces (71, 72) and the damping body (73), and at least one of the gap regions being bridged, at least in part, by means of a filler piece (80) connected to the coupling piece (71, 72) or the damping element (73).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a screening machine for screening and classifying mineral lumps, in particular rock material, or recycling material, having a chassis to which a portafilter, in particular a screen box, is attached, wherein at least one screen lining is replaceably attached to the portafilter, and wherein at least one vibration damper is effective between the portafilter and the machine chassis.

[0002] EP 0 238 455 A2 discloses a screening machine with a screening box in which a screening material is arranged. The screening box is supported relative to the screening machine chassis by means of vibration dampers in the form of springs. The screening box can be set into vibratory motion by means of a drive.

[0003] There is a risk of injury with such screening machines, as a user could access the vibration dampers while the machine is running and trap their hand. It would be possible to shield the vibration dampers with an enclosure, preventing access. However, this has the disadvantage that the vibration dampers can then no longer be continuously visually inspected during operation. There are also isolated solutions where curtains are hung in front of the vibration dampers to prevent unhindered access. This also has the disadvantage that continuous inspection is not guaranteed. If an inspection is carried out, the curtain must be lifted. This allows unhindered access to the vibration damper again, which again poses a risk of injury.

[0004] The object of the invention is to improve the operational reliability of the screening machine described above.

[0005] This object is achieved with the features of claim 1. Accordingly, it is provided that the vibration damper has two coupling pieces, wherein one coupling piece is connected directly or indirectly to the machine chassis and the other coupling piece to the portafilter, that a damping lever is pivotably connected to each of the two coupling pieces, wherein the damping levers are each coupled to a damping body facing away from the coupling pieces, wherein a gap region is formed in the spacing region between the coupling pieces and the damping body, and wherein at least one of the gap regions is bridged at least in part by means of at least one filler piece connected to the coupling piece or the damping body.

[0006] This arrangement allows for effective damping of the vibration movements. The vibration movements are dampened by the dampened damping levers. To prevent a user from injuring themselves on the vibration damper, the gap between the coupling piece and the damping body is bridged by a filler piece. This prevents the user from reaching into this hazardous area and pinching their hand. Such a vibration damper can therefore be integrated into the machine structure in a way that is visually visible from the outside and safe for operation, allowing for continuous inspection. Depending on the structural conditions, filler pieces can of course also be arranged in both gap areas.

[0007] According to a preferred variant of the invention, it can be provided that the filler piece has a base body, that the base body has a fastening surface, and that the base body is fastened, in particular materially fastened, by means of the fastening surface to a side surface of the coupling piece opposite the damping body or to a side surface of the damping body opposite the coupling piece. Machine structures are conceivable in which vibration dampers are not accessible or are only accessible with difficulty. These can then be operated without a filler piece. The damping bodies, which are accessible from the outside, can optionally be equipped with a filler piece. This reduces the parts and assembly costs as well as the storage costs.

[0008] To ensure precise positioning of the filler piece, the fastening surface of the filler piece can be provided with a concave form-fitting surface that at least partially encompasses a convex rounded section adjacent to the side surface of the coupling piece or the damping body. This also improves the positional stability of the filler piece.

[0009] A preferred variant of the invention can be such that the filler piece has a convex protective surface that faces the damping body or the coupling piece. During the damping process, the damping lever is pivoted about a pivot axis. The protective surface is circumvented by the contour of the damping body or the coupling piece, which is opposite in the gap area. The convex protective surface can thus be shaped to adapt to this movement kinematics to prevent the hand from becoming trapped in the various pivot positions of the damping lever.

[0010] According to the invention, it can be provided that the protective surface extends substantially in the direction of the pivot axis of the damping lever in order to bridge the gap area in the depth direction.

[0011] According to one variant of the invention, it can be provided that a front surface is arranged in front of the protective surface in the damping direction of the damping lever, which extends essentially in the direction of the pivot axis of the damping lever and which is transitioned into the protective surface by means of a rounded transition or a chamfer. Access to the gap area from the front is protected via the front surface. Additionally or alternatively, it can also be provided that a rear surface is arranged behind the protective surface in the damping direction of the damping lever, which extends essentially in the direction of the pivot axis of the damping lever and which is transitioned into the protective surface by means of a rounded transition. In this way, access to the gap area from the rear can be prevented.

[0012] According to the invention, the gap region can be bridged seamlessly with the filler piece. However, it is preferably provided that a spacing region is formed between the protective surface and an opposite side surface of the damping body or the coupling piece, wherein it is preferably provided that the spacing region is maintained at a constant or variable distance over a substantial portion of the pivoting movement of the damping lever, or that the spacing region is maintained at a constant or variable distance over the entire pivoting movement of the damping lever. This minimizes the wear acting on the support surface and thus on the filler piece. The spacing region can be dimensioned such that there is never any risk of a finger getting into the spacing region.

[0013] The vibration damper offers a reliable function with a simple structural design if it is provided that at least one of the coupling pieces has a hollow body in which a rotating body is pivotally arranged, that the rotating body carries or has a bearing piece which receives the damping lever, and that damping elements are inserted into the hollow body which support the hollow body in a form-fitting manner with respect to the rotating body in the circumferential direction.

[0014] A design variant of the vibration damper is also conceivable in which the damping body has a carrier which has two hollow chambers, in which a rotating body is pivotally received in each hollow chamber, in which the rotating bodies each carry or have a bearing piece, in which a damping lever is fastened to each of the bearing pieces and in which damping elements are inserted in the hollow chambers which support the carrier in a form-fitting manner with respect to the rotating bodies in the circumferential direction.

[0015] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. They show: Fig. 1 a screening machine in side view, Fig. 2 in schematic detail a screening deck of the screening machine according to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 in perspective partial view a clamping device for a screen lining of the screening machine according to Fig. 1, Fig. 4 an enlarged detailed view of a screen box of the screening machine according to Fig. 1 in a first assembly position, Fig. 5 the representation according to Fig. 1 with a mounted vibration damper, Fig. 6 the vibration damper according to Fig. 5 in an enlarged single view and in side view, Fig. 7 the vibration damper according to Fig. 6 in perspective front view and Fig. 8 the vibration damper according to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 in perspective view from behind.

[0016] Fig. 1 shows a screening machine 10 according to the invention. This screening machine 10 is designed as a mobile screening machine 10. It is also conceivable for the invention to be used with a stationary screening machine. Furthermore, it is conceivable for a screening system with a screening machine 10 to be used in a combined crushing and screening system. Such a combined crushing and screening system has a chassis 11 on which a screening machine 10 and also a crushing unit are mounted. The crushing unit can be used to crush mineral material. The crushed material is then classified in the screening machine.

[0017] The Fig. The screening machine 10 shown in Figure 1 has a chassis 11 supported by carriages 11.1 to enable the screening machine 10 to be moved. Preferably, the screening machine 10 has a feed hopper 12. Material to be screened can be fed into the feed hopper 12 by means of a wheel loader.

[0018] The feed hopper 12 has a transport device, for example a vibrating chute, a conveyor belt, a feed belt, or a hopper discharge belt, by means of which the fed material can be conveyed to a feed belt 13. The feed belt 13 can be designed as a continuously rotating conveyor belt. The feed belt 13 conveys the material to be screened to a screening device having a screen box 60.

[0019] The screening device serves to separate at least two fractions from the supplied material. For this purpose, the screening device has at least one screen lining 20, as shown in Fig. 2 shows.

[0020] Fig. 1 further illustrates that the screen box 60 has side walls 61 which run in the longitudinal direction of the screen.

[0021] The screen box 60 can be mounted to a stationary screen box support 64 by means of spring elements 63. The screen box 60 can be set into vibration by means of a drive 65 in order to screen the material.

[0022] The screening device is assigned at least one discharge belt 14.1, 14.2 or at least one fine-grain or stockpile belt 15. In the present embodiment, two discharge belts 14.1, 14.2 and one fine-grain or stockpile belt 15 are used. Accordingly, two screen linings 20 are installed in the screening device.

[0023] The material to be screened is fed onto the upper screen plate 20. The material that passes through the upper screen plate 20 passes onto the screen plate 20 below. Material that does not pass through the upper screen plate 20 passes onto one of the two discharge belts 14.1, 14.2. The material that does not pass through the second screen plate 20 passes onto the second discharge belt 14.1, 14.2. The material that passes through both screen plates 20 in the form of fine-grained material passes onto the fine-grain or stockpile belt 15. The two discharge belts 14.1, 14.2 and the fine-grain or stockpile belt 15 each convey the grain fractions fed to them to stockpiles 16.

[0024] Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a section of the screening device. As the illustration shows, support elements 30 are installed in the screen box 60, which support the screen lining 20. The support elements 30 have a mounting base 32 with which they are fixed in place in the screen box 60. Replaceable damping elements 31 are mounted on one side of the support elements 30, opposite the mounting base 32. The damping elements 31 support the screen lining 20 in the area of ​​the screen underside 22.

[0025] The support elements 30 can be arranged and aligned with their damping elements 31 in such a way that the screen lining 20 resting on the damping elements 31 forms an arcuate contour in the longitudinal direction of the screen, as Fig. 2 shows.

[0026] The Fig. 2 left-side support element 30 has a holder attachment 33 at its end facing away from the fastening foot 32. The screen lining 20 is held replaceably on the holder attachment 33 by a fastening edge 23.

[0027] The screen lining 20 is designed as a flat element and has a screen upper side 21 opposite the screen lower side 22. The fastening edge 23 may be bent from an end section 23.1 of the screen lining 20 to form an angled portion 23.2. The retaining projection 33 engages this angled portion 23.2.

[0028] At the end facing away from the fastening edge 23, the screen lining 20 has a further fastening edge 24, which can be constructed essentially identically to the fastening edge 23. Accordingly, a bend 24.2 is bent from the screen lining 20 at the opposite end section 24.1.

[0029] The screen lining 20 must be positioned in the screen box 60 in the longitudinal direction (i.e. in Fig. 2 from left to right). For this purpose, a screen tensioner 40 is used. The screen tensioner 40 is preferably substantially rectangular in cross-section. The screen tensioner 40 can therefore have a rod-shaped geometry.

[0030] The screen tensioner 40 has a central tensioning section 41 which extends between two end fastening sections 46.

[0031] The clamping section 41 has clamping projections 42, 43 on its opposite longitudinal sides. The first clamping projection 42 has a first clamping edge 42.1. The second clamping projection 43 has a second clamping edge 43.1.

[0032] The first clamping edge 42.1 is convexly curved between the two fastening sections 46.

[0033] In the embodiment shown, the screen tensioner 40 engages with its first clamping projection 42 in the Fig. 2. The screen tensioner 40 rests with its first clamping edge 42.1 against the bottom section 42.3 below the screen underside 22, resulting from the bend 24.2. Thus, the clamping projection 42 is at least partially enclosed between the screen underside 22 and the bend 24.2.

[0034] The screen tensioner 40 engages on opposite sides with its fastening sections 46 through passages 62 in the associated side walls 61 of the screen box 60, as Fig. 3 clearly shows. Accordingly, the fastening sections 46 protrude externally beyond the side walls 61 of the screen box 60. Clamping devices 50 are arranged in the area of ​​the passages 62 of the screen box 60, with which the screen tensioner 40 can be adjusted in the clamping direction along its central transverse plane.

[0035] The clamping devices 50 each have a stationary support bearing 56, which is preferably firmly connected to the side wall 61, for example welded.

[0036] The support bearing 56 can be designed such that it has a holder 57 to which at least one bearing piece 56.1 is connected, preferably integrally formed. By means of the two bearing pieces 56.1 and the holder 57, the support bearing 56 can be stably connected to the associated side wall 61. The clamping device 50 further has a clamping piece 52, by means of which the screen tensioner 40 is positively engaged in order to displace it in the clamping direction. In this case, legs 51, 53 can be connected, preferably integrally formed, to the clamping piece 52 on opposite sides.

[0037] Between the legs 51, 53 there is a receptacle 54 for the screen tensioner 40. The leg 53 engages over the top side 44 and the leg 51 over the bottom side 45 of the screen tensioner 40, so that the screen tensioner 40 is prevented from deflecting in these directions when it is tensioned.

[0038] To adjust the clamping piece 52 in the clamping direction, at least one clamping screw 58 is used, by means of which the clamping piece 52 can be continuously adjusted. The clamping screw 58 rests on the holder 57. The continuous adjustment of the clamping piece 52 can be achieved via a threaded connection.

[0039] In the present embodiment, each of the legs 51, 53 has a threaded receptacle 55. The holder 57 has two passages through which the clamping screws 58 are inserted and screwed into the threaded receptacles 55.

[0040] Fig. Figure 4 illustrates that the screen box support 64 has at least one holder 64.1. Holders 64.1 are preferably arranged on opposite sides of the screen box 60.

[0041] The holders 64.1 have a fastening section 64.2 which is arranged in the area 67 of the side wall 61 of the sieve box 60.

[0042] Opposite the fastening section 64.2 of the screen box support 64, the screen box 60 has a support section 66. During operation, the screen box 60 moves relative to the screen box support 64 due to the vibration movements, so that the support section 66 also moves relative to the fastening section 64.2.

[0043] Fig. Figure 5 illustrates that a vibration damper 70 is installed between the fastening section 64.2 and the support section 66. The vibration damper 70 is arranged in the region 67 of the side wall 61.

[0044] Fig. 6 illustrates the structure of the vibration damper 70. As this illustration shows, the vibration damper 70 has two coupling pieces 71, 72.

[0045] The coupling piece 71 connects the vibration damper 70 to the support section 66 of the sieve box 60. The coupling piece 72 connects the vibration damper 70 to the fastening section 64.2 of the holder 64.1.

[0046] Between the two coupling pieces 71, 72, a damping mechanism with a damping body 73 is effective, which dampens the vibrations of the sieve box 60.

[0047] The coupling piece 71, 72 has a mounting flange 71.1, 72.1. The mounting flange 71.1, 72.1 allows the coupling piece 71, 72 to be connected to the support section 66 or the mounting section 64.2.

[0048] It may be that the coupling piece 71, 72 has a hollow body 71.3, 72.3. The hollow body 71.3, 72.3 surrounds a cavity. In the cavity of the hollow body 71.3, 72.3, a rotating body 71.4, 72.4 is arranged, which can be formed, for example, by a polygonal hollow profile, for example a square hollow profile, as shown in Fig. 6 shows. Damping elements 71.5, 72.5 are inserted into the hollow body 71.3, 72.3 on the sides of the rotating body 71.4. The damping elements 71.5, 72.5 serve to dampen the rotational movement of the rotating body 71.4, 72.4 relative to the hollow body 71.3, 72.3. Thus, a rotational movement of the rotating body 71.4, 72.4 is dampened, and the damping elements 71.5, 72.5 simultaneously generate a restoring force to return the rotating body 71.4, 72.4 to a neutral position after it has been deflected.

[0049] The rotating body 71.4, 72.4 has a bearing piece 71.6, 72.6. A damping lever 74, 75 can be mounted on the bearing piece 71.6, 72.6 in a rotationally fixed manner by means of a bearing piece 71.7, 72.7.

[0050] Preferably, the two coupling pieces 71, 72 are constructed identically, as shown in the drawings.

[0051] To improve the rigidity of the coupling pieces 71, 72, it can be provided that the hollow body 71.3, 72.3 is laterally supported by means of reinforcing elements 71.2, 72.2 relative to the fastening flange 71.1, 72.1. The reinforcing elements 71.2, 72.2 can be designed in the form of stiffening ribs, such as Fig. 7 or Fig. 8 show more clearly.

[0052] Fig. Figure 6 further illustrates that the vibration damper 70 has a support 73.1 forming two hollow chambers. Rotating bodies 73.2 are arranged in the hollow chambers. Similar to the coupling pieces 71, 72, the rotating bodies 73.2 are again supported in the circumferential direction relative to the support 73.1 by means of damping elements 73.3. This also allows damping of the rotary movement of the rotating bodies 73.2 or a return of the rotating bodies 73.2 to the Fig. 6 shown neutral position can be achieved.

[0053] As the illustrations show, the support 73.1 may be designed as a hollow profile that forms the two hollow chambers. The hollow chambers may be separated from each other by a separating web 73.4.

[0054] The rotating bodies 73.2 can again have bearing pieces 73.5. The two damping levers 74, 75 are each mounted on the bearing pieces 73.5 in a rotationally fixed manner with a bearing element 73.7.

[0055] When the screen box 60 is set into vibration during operation, the vertical distance between the support section 66 and the fastening section 64.2 changes. This causes the coupling pieces 71, 72 to be adjusted vertically relative to each other. This adjustment causes a pivoting movement of the damping levers 74, 75. This pivoting movement is dampened by the damping elements 71.5, 72.5, and 73.3.

[0056] Gap areas are formed in the distance between the outer contour of the coupling pieces 71, 72 and the outer contour of the damping body 73. At least one of the gap areas is bridged, at least in part, by a filler piece 80 connected to the coupling piece 71, 72 or the damping body 73. Fig. 6-8, only one filler piece 80 is shown. Of course, filler pieces can also be provided in both gap areas.

[0057] The filler pieces 80 serve to prevent a user from accessing the gap between the coupling piece 71, 72 and the damping body 73. Thus, a user cannot get their fingers caught in this gap.

[0058] As can be seen from the illustrations, the filler piece 80 has a base body 81. This base body 81 forms a fastening surface 82. With this fastening surface 82, the base body 61 is placed on an outer surface of the coupling piece 71, 72 or the damping body 73.

[0059] Preferably, the filler piece 80 is connected to the coupling piece or the damping body 73 by means of a material connection in the region of the fastening surface 82.

[0060] The fastening surface 82 may transition into an angled or concave form-fitting surface 83. This form-fitting surface 83 engages a corresponding edge of the coupling piece 71, 72 or the damping body 73. This enables precise alignment of the filler piece 80. Furthermore, the form-fitting surface 83 additionally secures the position of the filler piece 80 during operation in the direction of movement of the damping levers 74, 75.

[0061] As can be seen from the drawings, the filler piece 80 has an outer protective surface 84 that faces the damping body 73 or the coupling piece 71, 72, forming a gap. The gap is dimensioned such that a user cannot reach into it, thus preventing a finger from becoming trapped.

[0062] Preferably, the protective surface 84 is convex, at least in some areas. The geometry of the protective surface 84 is designed to accommodate the movement kinematics of the damping body 73. Thus, a gap area can be maintained across the entire range of motion of the damping body 73, preventing a finger from becoming trapped.

[0063] On the front side, the protective surface 84 transitions into a front surface 85 via a rounded transition 86. Conversely, the protective surface 84 transitions into a rear surface 88 via a rounded transition 87, as is particularly Fig. 6 clearly shows.

Claims

[1] Screening machine (10) for screening and classifying mineral lumps, in particular rock material, or recycled material, comprising a chassis (11) to which a screen carrier, in particular a screen box (60) is fastened, wherein at least one screen lining (20) is replaceably fastened to the screen carrier, wherein at least one vibration damper (70) is effective between the screen carrier and the chassis (11), wherein the vibration damper (70) has two coupling pieces (71, 72), wherein one coupling piece (72) is connected directly or indirectly to the chassis (11) and the other coupling piece (71) is connected directly or indirectly to the screen carrier, wherein a damping lever (74, 75) is pivotally connected to each of the two coupling pieces (71, 72), wherein the damping levers (74, 75) are each coupled to a damping body (73) facing away from the coupling pieces (71, 72). wherein a gap region is formed in the spacing region between the coupling pieces (71, 72) and the damping body (73),and wherein at least one of the gap regions is bridged at least partially by means of a filler piece (80) connected to the coupling piece (71, 72) or the damping body (73). [2] Screening machine according to claim 1, characterized by that the filler piece (80) has a base body (81), that the base body (81) has a fastening surface (82), and that the base body (81) is fastened, in particular materially bonded, to a side surface of the coupling piece (71, 72) opposite the damping body (73) or to a side surface of the damping body (73) opposite the coupling piece (71, 72) by means of the fastening surface (82). [3] Screening machine according to claim 2, characterized bythat the fastening surface (82) of the filler piece (80) merges into a concave form-fitting surface (83) which at least partially encompasses a convex rounded section adjoining the side surface of the coupling piece (71, 72) or of the damping body (73). [4] Screening machine (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that the filler piece (80) has a convex protective surface (84) which is opposite the damping body (73) or the coupling piece (71,72). [5] Screening machine (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the protective surface extends substantially in the direction of the pivot axis of the damping lever (74, 75). [6] Screening machine (10) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized byin that in the damping direction of the damping lever (74, 75) a front surface (85) is arranged in front of the protective surface (84), which front surface extends essentially in the direction of the pivot axis of the damping lever (74, 75) and which is transferred into the protective surface (84) by means of a rounded transition (86). [7] Screening machine according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized by in that in the damping direction of the damping lever (74, 75) behind the protective surface (84) there is arranged a rear surface (88) which extends substantially in the direction of the pivot axis of the damping lever (74, 75) and which is transferred into the protective surface (84) by means of a rounded transition (87). [8] Screening machine according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized bythat a spacing region is formed between the protective surface (84) and an opposite side surface of the damping body (73) or of the coupling piece (71, 72), wherein it is preferably provided that the spacing region is maintained at the same or variable spacing over a substantial part of the pivoting movement of the damping lever (74, 75) or that the spacing region is maintained at the same or variable spacing over the entire pivoting movement of the damping lever (74, 75). [9] Screening machine according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized bythat at least one of the coupling pieces (71, 72) has a hollow body (71.3) in which a rotary body (71.4) is pivotably arranged, that the rotary body (71.4) carries or has a bearing piece (71.6) which receives the damping lever (74, 75), and that damping elements (71.5) are inserted into the hollow body (71.3) and support the hollow body (71.3) in a form-fitting manner relative to the rotary body (71.4) in the circumferential direction. [10] Screening machine (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized bythat the damping body (73) has a support (73.1) which has two hollow chambers, that in each hollow chamber a rotating body (73.2) is pivotally received, that the rotating bodies (73.2) each carry or have a bearing piece (73.5), that a damping lever (74, 75) is fastened to each of the bearing pieces (73.5), and that damping elements (73.3) are inserted in the hollow chambers, which support the support in a form-fitting manner with respect to the rotating bodies (73.2) in the circumferential direction. [11] Screening machine according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by that at least one of the gap regions is bridged by means of the filler piece (80) connected to the coupling piece (71, 72) or the damping body (73) in such a way that the remaining gap width of the gap section not bridged by the filler piece (80) is a maximum of 15 mm, preferably a maximum of 10 mm.

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