Method for operating an electromagnetically actuated brake arrangement and electric motor with a brake arrangement

Abstract

Method for operating an electromagnetically actuated brake arrangement and electric motor with a brake arrangement, wherein in a first method step a DC voltage applied to the brake coil winding is set such that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to a first setpoint value, wherein the temporal profile of the current flowing through the coil winding is recorded and from this the amount of current required to move the armature disk is determined, wherein a second setpoint value is determined from the sum of this determined current amount and a safety amount, wherein in a second method step the DC voltage applied to the coil winding is set such that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to a second setpoint value.

Description

The invention relates to a method for operating an electromagnetically actuatable brake arrangement and to an electric motor having a brake arrangement.From DE 10 2019 203 185 A1, a method for operating an electromagnetically actuatable brake arrangement is known as the closest prior art.DE 10 2013 005 239 B4 discloses an electromagnetically actuatable brake.DE 10 2012 008 547 A1 discloses a method for determining the wear of a brake lining of the brake by means of determining and evaluating a current knee over time of the current of a coil of the brake, in particular during the release of the brake.The object of the invention is therefore to operate an electromagnetically actuatable brake in a safe and energy-efficient manner.According to the invention, the object is achieved in the method according to claim 1, in the brake arrangement according to the features specified in claim 9 and in the electric motor according to the features specified in claim 15.Important features in the method according to claim 1 are that the method is provided for operating an electromagnetically actuatable brake arrangement and electric motor with a brake arrangement, wherein in a first method step a DC voltage applied to the brake coil winding is set in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to a first setpoint value, wherein the time profile of the current flowing through the coil winding is detected and the current amount required for moving the armature disk is determined therefrom, wherein a second setpoint value is determined from the sum of this determined current amount and a safety amount, wherein in a second method step the DC voltage applied to the coil winding is set in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to a second setpoint value.Advantageously, energy can thus be saved during operation of the brake arrangement.According to the individual features of the invention according to claim 1, the method for operating an electromagnetically actuatable brake arrangement is characterized in that the brake arrangement is designed with a coil core accommodating a coil winding, in particular a magnetic body, and with an armature disk arranged rotationally fixedly but displaceably with the coil core, in particular axially displaceably, in particular thus in the axial direction of a shaft to be braked, in particular such that the inductance of the coil winding depends on the position of the armature disk, wherein spring elements supported on the coil core press on the armature disk, in particular such that, when the coil winding is not energized, the armature disk is pressed away from the coil core and, when the current is electrically energized, the armature disk is pulled towards the coil core counter to the spring force generated by the spring elements, wherein the current flowing through the coil winding is detected, in particular by a current sensor, wherein, in a first method step, a voltage applied to the coil winding is detected, DC voltage, in particular, is set in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to a first, in particular higher, setpoint value, in particular so that the brake arrangement is ventilated, in particular is reliably ventilated, in particular wherein a regulator sets a voltage, in particular DC voltage, present at the coil winding in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to a first, in particular higher, setpoint value, wherein the temporal profile of the current flowing through the coil winding is detected and the, in particular minimum, current amount necessary for moving the, in particular previously stationary, armature disk is determined therefrom, wherein a second setpoint value is determined from the sum of this determined current amount and a safety amount or a second setpoint value is determined by multiplying the determined current amount by a factor which is greater than one, wherein a second setpoint value is determined in a second, After the first method step, the voltage, in particular direct voltage, applied to the coil winding is adjusted in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to a second setpoint value, in particular so that the brake arrangement is ventilated, in particular wherein the regulator adjusts the voltage, in particular direct voltage, applied to the coil winding in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to a second setpoint value, in particular so that the brake arrangement is ventilated, in particular wherein the second setpoint value is smaller than the first setpoint value.It is advantageous here that energy can be saved, since the holding current, i.e. the amount of current which is applied for holding the brake in its released state, can be significantly reduced. This is because by determining and evaluating the current knee, the minimum amount of current required for venting is determined and thus also usable. In addition, this amount of current is ascertained anew at each venting and thus a readjustment of this amount of current is made possible. If, therefore, the wear of the brake pads increases and the armature disc is thus further removed from the magnetic body before the release than in the case of brake pads which are not yet subjected to wear, the amount of current is adjusted since a renewed determination of the amount of current is carried out after each release. Optionally, the current can be reduced even more strongly by using a two-part coil winding in that, for venting, initially only one of the two part windings of the coil winding is energized until the current kink is determined and evaluated. The current amount determined in this way is then reduced in accordance with the winding ratio of the two partial windings and driven, after the current kink has been detected and evaluated, by the two partial windings connected in series with one another. In this way, a very high energy saving is made possible.The brake can thus be operated in a safe manner since the determined amount of current for holding the brake is repeatedly adapted to the respective state, in particular wear state, of the brake. In any state, however, the brake is not only operated reliably, in particular released, but also energy-efficient, since a current that is as small as possible can be used to hold the brake.In an advantageous embodiment, the first method step is carried out multiple times and a respective second setpoint value is determined, wherein a filtered value, in particular a second setpoint value determined by means of a rank-order filter, in particular median filter, of the respective determined second setpoint values is used as a second setpoint value for the second method step. It is advantageous here that outliers occurring during the measurement can be detected by averaging.In an advantageous embodiment, a maximum permissible value is used as the first setpoint value at the beginning of the method. It is advantageous here that, at an unknown distance, the highest voltage is initially applied in order to find the current knee and then to determine the holding current value, with which the electrical power can then be reduced considerably.In an advantageous embodiment, the time profile of the current flowing through the coil winding is detected in the second method step and the, in particular minimum, current amount necessary, in particular one that is resting beforehand, for moving the armature disk is determined therefrom, wherein a new second setpoint value is determined from the sum of this determined current amount and a safety amount or a new second setpoint value is determined by multiplying the determined current amount by a factor that is greater than one, wherein the second method step is carried out again and the new second setpoint value is used as the second setpoint value. It is advantageous here that with increasing wear of the brake linings, the holding current amount can be tracked.In an advantageous embodiment, the coil winding is de-energized before the first method step or at the beginning of the first method step, in particular wherein the armature disc is pressed against the brake lining carrier of the brake by spring elements supported on the magnetic body of the brake and thus rests relative to the magnetic body. It is advantageous here that the armature disk rests at the beginning and the inductance of the coil winding is thus constant. Only when the armature disk comes into motion and as a result the distance from the magnetic body changes does the inductance also change and the current knee is generated over the course of the current.In an advantageous embodiment, in a third method step carried out temporally after the second method step, a DC voltage applied to the coil winding is set in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to zero, in particular so that the brake arrangement falls, in particular wherein the regulator sets the DC voltage applied to the coil winding in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to zero, wherein the temporal profile of the current flowing through the coil winding is detected and the new current amount, which is necessary in particular minimally necessary for moving the armature disk, which in particular is resting beforehand and / or is applied to the magnetic body, is determined therefrom, wherein a new second setpoint value is determined from the sum of this determined new current amount and a safety amount or a new second setpoint value is determined by multiplying the determined new current amount by a factor which is greater than one, wherein, in a fourth method step carried out temporally after the third method step, the DC voltage applied to the coil winding is set in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is controlled to the new second setpoint value, in particular in such a way that the brake arrangement is released, in particular wherein the controller sets the DC voltage applied to the coil winding in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is controlled to the new second setpoint value, in particular in such a way that the brake arrangement is released, in particular wherein the new second setpoint value is smaller in terms of amount than the second setpoint value used in the second method step. It is advantageous here that, when the brake is engaged, the minimum necessary holding current can be determined from the current knee to be observed in the current profile and can therefore be used for the later subsequent holding. The electrical power required for permanent venting is thus very low and high energy savings are made possible during operation of the coil winding and / or brake arrangement.In an advantageous embodiment, the time period required for venting is determined and, if a permissible degree of deviation from a predefined time period is exceeded, the method is started again from the beginning and / or repeated. It is advantageous here that when the brake is exchanged, this can be automatically detected and the setpoint values are newly determined, so that the process parameters are automatically adapted to the new brake.In an advantageous embodiment, the coil winding is configured as a series circuit of a first winding and a second winding, wherein the number of windings of the first winding is less than the number of windings of the second winding, wherein only the first winding is energized in the first and the second method step, wherein the series circuit is energized in a third method step carried out temporally after the second method step, in particular both the first winding and the second winding are energized for holding the brake arrangement in the released state. It is advantageous here that a rapid release can be achieved and from the current amount determined from the current knee and necessary for keeping the brake released, a current amount adapted with the winding number ratio of the two partial windings, in particular thus of the first winding and the second winding, is used as the setpoint value for energizing the series circuit.In an advantageous embodiment, the brake arrangement has a regulator, the control value of which is the voltage applied to the coil winding and to which the difference between the respective setpoint value and the actual value of the current flowing through the coil winding detected at the respective time step is fed, and that the brake arrangement has an evaluation unit which is designed in a suitable manner to determine a respective current knee, which occurs in particular during the release of the brake, in the course of the current over time. It is advantageous here that the voltage can be adjusted in such a way that the current is regulated to its desired value.In an advantageous embodiment, the controller is a PI controller or a PID controller. It is advantageous here that a stable and also rapid control behavior can be achieved.In an advantageous embodiment, the coil winding is configured as a series circuit of a first winding and a second winding, wherein the number of windings of the first winding is smaller than the number of windings of the second winding, in particular wherein the first winding is arranged concentrically with respect to the second winding. It is advantageous here that initially only one of the two windings is energized for releasing the brake and thus the current can be built up quickly. After the release process, the second winding is also energized and a much lower current is used to maintain the brake in the released state.In an advantageous embodiment, the coil core is made of a ferromagnetic material, in particular cast steel, in particular GGG grey cast iron. This has the advantage that a cost-effective material can be used. Furthermore, axially directed bolts can be pressed into bores of the coil core, which extend through the armature disk and thus guide the armature disk in the axial direction.In an advantageous embodiment, the armature disk is manufactured from a steel, in particular from a ferromagnetic steel. It is advantageous here that the anchor disk can be produced from cost-effective and loadable material. In addition, good heat conduction can be provided for dissipating waste heat generated from eddy currents.In an advantageous embodiment, the brake arrangement has a shaft, in particular a rotor shaft of an electric motor, wherein a brake lining carrier is connected to the shaft in a rotationally fixed and axially displaceable manner, in particular wherein the armature disk is connected to the coil core, in particular magnetic body, in a rotationally fixed and axially displaceable manner, and wherein spring elements supported on the coil core, in particular magnetic body, press on the armature disk. It is advantageous here that in the event of a power failure, an automatic engagement of the brake is effected, since then the spring elements press the armature disc onto the brake lining carrier, which is pressed onto a brake surface on its side facing away from the armature disc.In an advantageous embodiment, the brake lining carrier has an internal toothing, wherein an annular driver is plugged onto the shaft and connected in a form-fitting manner, in particular by means of a feather key connection, wherein the driver has an external toothing, onto which the brake lining carrier is plugged with its internal toothing, in particular wherein the external toothing is in engagement with the internal toothing. It is advantageous here that the brake lining carrier is displaceable relative to the driver in the axial direction and is connected in a rotationally fixed manner in the circumferential direction.In an advantageous embodiment, the armature disk is arranged in the axial direction, in particular thus in the direction of the axis of rotation of the shaft, between the coil core, in particular the magnetic body, and the brake lining carrier. It is advantageous here that the armature disk is pulled towards the magnetic body counter to the spring force generated by the spring elements when current is applied to the coil winding and is pressed towards the brake lining carrier when no current is applied by the spring elements. The armature disk is guided in the axial direction and connected to the magnetic body in a rotationally fixed manner. On the other hand, the brake lining carrier is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotatably mounted rotor shaft and is likewise arranged so as to be displaceable in the axial direction.In an advantageous embodiment, the brake lining carrier is arranged in the axial direction between the armature disc and a brake surface. It is advantageous here that the anchor disk can be pressed by the spring elements onto the brake lining carrier and thus the brake lining carrier is pressed towards the brake surface, in particular on its side facing away from the anchor disks.Important features in the electric motor are that the electric motor has an aforementioned brake arrangement, in particular wherein the brake arrangement is arranged on the axial side of the rotor shaft of the motor facing away from the load driven by the motor.It is advantageous here that the application of the load is not prevented by an intermediate brake. The brake B-side can thus be provided and the load A-side can be connected.Further advantages are evident from the dependent claims. The invention is not limited to the combination of features of the claims. The skilled person will be familiar with further meaningful combination possibilities of claims and / or individual claim features and / or features of the description and / or of the figures, in particular from the task and / or the task which arises by comparison with the prior art.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings:FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a first exemplary embodiment according to the invention of a brake arrangement according to the invention for a motor, in particular an electric motor.As shown in FIG. 1, an annular recess is formed as a receiving region in a magnetic body 4, in particular a GGG steel casting, i.e. ferromagnetic steel casting, in which recess an electrically energizable coil winding 3 is received.When the toroidal coil is energized, an armature disk 8, which is connected to the magnetic body 4 in a rotationally fixed manner but is arranged such that it can be displaced toward the magnetic body and is preferably guided during the movement by means of guide parts, in particular bolts, which are firmly connected to the magnetic body 4, is pulled toward the magnetic body 4 counter to the spring force of spring elements 10, which are supported on the magnetic body 4.The spring elements 10 are arranged at the same radial distance from the axis of the shaft to be braked, in particular the rotor shaft of an electric motor, wherein they are at the same distance from one another in the circumferential direction, in particular are therefore uniformly spaced from one another in the circumferential direction.A part having a braking surface, in particular a housing part or bearing flange for receiving the bearing of a shaft, in particular a rotor shaft, is spaced apart from the magnetic body 4 and is firmly connected to it. The guide parts, which are designed as spacer bolts, serve for the spacing.A lining carrier 12 connected to the shaft in a rotationally fixed but displaceable manner, in particular in the direction of the shaft axis, with brake linings ( 11, 13) arranged on both sides, in particular in and counter to the shaft axis direction, is arranged between the armature disc 8 and the brake surface. When current is supplied to the coil winding 3, the armature disk 8 is thus pulled away from the brake surface and the brake is thus released. When no current is supplied to the coil winding 3, the spring elements 10 press the armature disk 8 onto the lining carrier 12, which is thus pressed onto the braking surface. Thus, an electromagnetically operated brake is produced.Preferably, an annular driver is mounted on the shaft and connected to the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner by means of a feather key connection. The driver has an external toothing onto which an internal toothing of the lining carrier 12 is plugged.During energization, the armature disk 8 is accelerated and is stopped only by striking the magnetic body 4 or, if appropriate, a sheet metal part, such as a damping plate or the like, arranged between the armature disk 8 and the magnetic body 4. This results in a striking noise, which is somewhat attenuated in the case of the interposed sheet metal part.The armature disk 8 is preferably made of a ferromagnetic steel. The magnetic body 4 is likewise produced from a ferromagnetic steel casting.By means of a stamp part 7 arranged on the anchor disk 8, in particular fixedly connected, an additional improved noise attenuation is achieved. The punch part 7 has a conical section which can be accommodated in a corresponding internally conical section of a sleeve 5. The boundary of the internally conical section of the sleeve 5 is of thin-walled design, i.e. with a small wall thickness.The sleeve 5 is firmly connected to the magnetic body 4.A screw part with a screw head or nut 1 is guided through the recess from the side of the magnetic body 4 facing away from the lining carrier and is screw-connected to the sleeve 5.Alternatively, the sleeve 5 is inserted only into the recess of the magnetic body 4 and held in the recess in a force-fitting manner by means of an O-ring 17 arranged on its outer periphery. For this purpose, the O-ring 17 has an oversized portion in the relaxed state, so that it is elastically deformed when it is introduced into the recess. The sleeve has at its outer edge a further O-ring 6, which is likewise connected in a force-fitting manner in the recess and pre-dampens the inwardly conical region.Thus, the sleeve 5 is connected in a force-fitting manner to the magnetic body via the O-rings (6, 17). In addition, when the punch part 7 impacts the sleeve 5, in particular thus when the conical section of the punch part 7 increasingly contacts the internally conical section of the sleeve 5, the internally conical region of the sleeve 5 is spread open and thus deformed. At least the O-ring 6, which is arranged against a shoulder of the sleeve 5, is also squeezed outwards at its circumference, whereby evaporation is achieved.In addition, when the punch part 7 impacts the sleeve 5, i.e. in particular when the conical section of the punch part 7 increasingly contacts the internally conical section of the sleeve 5, the sleeve 5 is axially displaced counter to the spring force generated by the O-rings ( 6, 17) held in the receptacle of the magnetic body 4 in a force-fitting manner. This also contributes to the predamplingThe cone angle of the conical section of the punch part 7 is more acute, i.e. smaller, than the opening angle of the internally conical section of the sleeve 5.Although the two angle values differ only by less than 20° or even less than 10°, this small non-disappearing angle difference is sufficient for effective damping.Overall, therefore, the impact is pre-damped on the one hand by the O-rings ( 6, 17) consisting of elastic material, in particular plastic or rubber, and on the other hand by the cone angle difference between the conical region of the punch part 7 and the internally conical region of the sleeve 5.The electrically energizable coil winding 3, i.e. coil, has an inductance which is dependent on the distance of the armature disk 8 from the magnetic body 4. When the energization is ended, the spring elements 10 supported on the magnetic body 4 press the armature disk 8 away from the magnetic body 4, wherein the inductance changes and the brake falls, i.e. the armature disk 8 is pressed onto the lining carrier 12 which is pressed onto the braking surface of the part 15 on its side facing away from the magnetic body 4.In order to release the brake, a direct voltage is applied to the coil winding 3. This causes an increase in the current flowing through the coil winding 3, which is detected by means of a sensor, in particular a current sensor. As soon as the magnetic attractive force, which correspondingly increases with increasing current and acts on the armature disk 8, overcomes the spring force generated by the spring elements 10, the armature disk 8 is accelerated and moves toward the magnetic body 4. The time-related current profile forms a knee and increases with a different gradient after the armature disk 8 has struck because of the changed inductance.The time interval from the beginning of the application of the direct voltage to the coil winding 3 to the current buckle depends on the wear of the brake pads 11 on the pad carrier 12, since in the engaged state of the brake, i.e. before the application of the direct voltage to the coil winding 3, the axial thickness of the brake pads determines the position of the armature disc 8 and thus the distance of the armature disc 8 from the magnetic body 4.As is known from DE 10 2012 008 547 A1, the wear of the brake pads 11 can therefore be determined by determining this time interval.According to the invention, the current flowing through the coil winding, i.e. actual value of the current, is detected and the voltage present at the coil winding 11 is set in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to a predefined setpoint value of the current.During a first release of the brake, the maximum possible direct voltage is applied to the ring winding 3 and the amount of current required to achieve the current break is then determined. A setpoint value of the current is then determined, which is determined as the sum of this determined current amount and a safety amount or by multiplying the determined current amount by a factor which is greater than one and which thus adds a safety amount to the determined current amount.Optionally, this venting process is repeated a number of times and an average value is formed from the respectively determined setpoint values, which is then used as a setpoint value for a subsequent venting.During or subsequent release of the brake, the voltage is set in such a way that the actual current is regulated to the setpoint value. Thus, the maximum current achieved is lower than if the full available DC voltage were applied to the coil winding 3. In this way, a reduction of power loss is made possible, since a lower current is necessary for maintaining the brake in the released state instead of the maximum possible current which would be established at a maximum available voltage, and thus lower ohmic losses also occur.Preferably, a factor of between 1, 1 and 1, 5 is used.In this way, an adaptation of the setpoint value is made possible even with increasing wear of the brake linings. This is because the distance of the armature disk 8 from the magnetic body 4 which increases as the wear increases in the engaged state of the brake, requires a correspondingly increasing nominal value.In further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, a first number of ventilation processes is carried out with the respectively identical setpoint value and, by the above-mentioned averaging, the respectively new setpoint value, which is then in turn used for a second number of ventilation processes. Preferably, the second number is equal to the first number.In further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, the current profile when the brake is engaged is also evaluated and, after the DC voltage has been switched off, the current flowing via a freewheeling diode connected in parallel with the coil winding 3 is detected. In this case, when the inductance changes, a knee in the current profile, in particular thus a current knee, can likewise be identified and evaluated.In addition, the evaluation of the current buckle allows the respective wear state of the brake to be determined and indicated or further controlled via a data bus connection.In further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, the coil winding is designed as a divided winding, i.e. consisting of two partial windings. Thus, during venting, only one of the partial windings is energized as long as the armature disk is not yet accelerated. However, as soon as the armature disk is accelerated and the brake arrangement is thus released, the series circuit of the two partial windings is energized and thus the holding current which is then only still necessary and is reduced in accordance with the ratio of the number of windings of the partial windings is conducted through both partial windings.List of reference characters1 Nut 2 Coil carrier 3 Coil, in particular coil winding 4 Magnetic body, cast steel part, ferromagnetic 5 Sleeve 6 O-ring 7 Punch part 8 Armature disk 9 Adjusting screw 10 Spring element 11 Brake lining 12 Lining carrier 13 Brake lining 14 Driver toothing 15 Part having a braking surface, in particular housing part or bearing flange for receiving the bearing of a shaft, in particular rotor shaft 16 Lock nut 17 O-ringReferences included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 10 2019 203 185 A1

[0002] DE 10 2013 005 239 B4

[0003] DE 10 2012 008 547 A1 [0004, 0052]

Claims

Method for operating an electromagnetically actuatable arrangement, in particular a brake arrangement, wherein the arrangement, in particular a brake arrangement, is designed with a coil core, in particular a magnetic body, receiving a coil winding, and with an armature disc arranged with the coil core in a rotationally fixed but displaceable manner, in particular axially displaceable manner, in particular thus in the axial direction of a shaft to be braked, in particular such that the inductance of the coil winding depends on the position of the armature disc, in particular wherein spring elements supported on the coil core press on the armature disc, in particular such that, when the coil winding is not energized, the armature disc is pressed away from the coil core and, when the current is energized electrically, the armature disc is pulled towards the coil core counter to the spring force generated by the spring elements, wherein the current flowing through the coil winding is detected, in particular by a current sensor, wherein, in a first method step, a direct voltage applied to the coil winding is set in such a way, the detected actual value of the current is controlled to a first setpoint value, in particular so that the brake arrangement is ventilated, in particular wherein a controller sets a DC voltage applied to the coil winding in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is controlled to a first setpoint value, wherein the time profile of the current flowing through the coil winding is detected and the, in particular minimum, current amount necessary for moving the armature disk, in particular one which is resting beforehand, is determined therefrom, characterized in that a second setpoint value is determined from the sum of this determined current amount and a safety amount or a second setpoint value is determined by multiplying the determined current amount by a factor which is greater than one, wherein, in a second method step carried out temporally after the first method step, the DC voltage applied to the coil winding is set in such a way that, the detected actual value of the current is controlled to a second setpoint value, in particular so that the brake arrangement is released, in particular wherein the controller sets the DC voltage applied to the coil winding in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is controlled to a second setpoint value, in particular so that the brake arrangement is released, in particular wherein the second setpoint value is smaller than the first setpoint value.Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first method step is carried out a plurality of times and a respective second setpoint value is determined, wherein a filtered value, in particular a value determined by means of a rank order filter, in particular median filter, or the mean value of the respectively determined second setpoint values is used as second setpoint value for the second method step.Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a maximum permissible value is used as the first setpoint value at the beginning of the method.Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the second method step the time profile of the current flowing through the coil winding is detected and the, in particular minimum, current amount necessary, in particular previously resting, for moving the armature disc is determined therefrom, wherein a new second setpoint value is determined from the sum of this determined current amount and a safety amount or a new second setpoint value is determined by multiplying the determined current amount by a factor which is greater than one, wherein the second method step is again carried out and the new second setpoint value is used as the second setpoint value in this case.Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coil winding is de-energized before the first method step or at the beginning of the first method step, in particular wherein the armature disc is pressed against the brake lining carrier of the brake by spring elements supported on the magnetic body of the brake and thus rests relative to the magnetic body.Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a third method step carried out temporally after the second method step, a DC voltage applied to the coil winding is set in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to zero, in particular so that the brake arrangement falls, in particular wherein the regulator sets the DC voltage applied to the coil winding in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is regulated to zero, wherein the temporal profile of the current flowing through the coil winding is detected and the new current amount, which is necessary, in particular minimally necessary, for moving the armature disc, which is in particular at rest beforehand and / or applied to the magnetic body, is determined therefrom, wherein a new second setpoint value is determined from the sum of this determined new current amount and a safety amount or by multiplying the determined new current amount by a factor which is greater than one, is determined therefrom, a new second setpoint value is determined, wherein in a fourth method step carried out temporally after the third method step, the DC voltage applied to the coil winding is set in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is controlled towards the new second setpoint value, in particular in such a way that the brake arrangement is released, in particular wherein the controller sets the DC voltage applied to the coil winding in such a way that the detected actual value of the current is controlled towards the new second setpoint value, in particular in such a way that the brake arrangement is released, in particular wherein the new second setpoint value is smaller in terms of amount than the second setpoint value used in the second method step.Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the time period required for venting is determined and, if a permissible degree of deviation from a predefined time period is exceeded, the method is started again from the beginning and / or is repeated.Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coil winding is designed as a series circuit comprising a first winding and a second winding, wherein the number of windings of the first winding is less than the number of windings of the second winding, wherein only the first winding is energized in the first and in the second method step, wherein the series circuit is energized in a third method step carried out temporally after the second method step, in particular both the first winding and the second winding are energized in order to hold the brake arrangement in the aired state.Brake arrangement for carrying out a method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brake arrangement has a regulator, the control value of which is the voltage present at the coil winding and to which the difference between the respective setpoint value and the actual value of the current flowing through the coil winding detected at the respective time step is fed, and in that the brake arrangement has an evaluation unit which is designed in a suitable manner to determine a respective current knee, which occurs in particular during the release of the brake, in the course of the current over time.Brake arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the controller is a PI controller or a PID controller.Brake arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coil winding is formed as a series circuit of a first winding and a second winding, wherein the number of windings of the first winding is smaller than the number of windings of the second winding, in particular wherein the first winding is arranged concentrically with respect to the second winding.Brake arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coil core, in particular the coil body, is manufactured from a ferromagnetic material, in particular cast steel, in particular cast GGG grey cast iron, and / or in that the armature disc is manufactured from a steel, in particular from a ferromagnetic steel, and / or in that the brake arrangement has a shaft, in particular the rotor shaft of an electric motor, wherein a brake pad carrier is connected to the shaft in a rotationally fixed and axially displaceable manner, in particular wherein the armature disc is connected to the coil core, in particular magnetic body, in a rotationally fixed and axially displaceable manner, and wherein spring elements supported on the coil core, in particular magnetic body, press on the armature disc.Brake arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brake lining carrier has an internal toothing, wherein an annular driver is plugged onto the shaft and connected in a form-fitting manner, in particular by means of a feather key connection, wherein the driver has an external toothing, onto which the brake lining carrier is plugged with its internal toothing, in particular wherein the external toothing is in engagement with the internal toothing, and / or in that the armature disc is arranged between the coil core, in particular the magnetic body, and the brake lining carrier in the axial direction, in particular thus in the direction of the axis of rotation of the shaft.Brake arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brake lining carrier is arranged in the axial direction between the armature disc and a brake surface.Electric motor having a brake arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, in particular wherein the brake arrangement is arranged on the axial side of the rotor shaft of the motor facing away from the load driven by the motor.

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