Component arrangement and auxiliary joining element and method for producing such a component arrangement

Abstract

The invention relates to a component arrangement with a first joining part (3), a second joining part (5), and an auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91), wherein the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) is inserted into a preferably circular-cylindrical opening (9) in the first joining part (3), and wherein the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) is in a materially bonded connection with the second joining part (5) in a joining region (13) with the first joining part (3) interposed. According to the invention, the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) deforms at least partially elastically while building up a restoring force (R), wherein the first joining part (3), preferably parallel to a joining axis (A) of the component arrangement (a), is clamped between an element collar (21) of the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) and the second joining part (5) under the action of the restoring force (R).

Description

The invention relates to a component arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1 and according to claim 7 to an auxiliary joining element and according to claim 8 to a method for producing such a component arrangement.A component arrangement of the generic type has an aluminum sheet as the first joining part and a steel sheet as the second joining part, which are connected to one another by means of a bolt-shaped auxiliary element in a joining method, for example a resistance element welding method. In the joining method, the first joining part and the second joining part are first brought into contact and, in an insertion step, the auxiliary joining element is inserted along a joining axis in a positive joining axis direction into an opening of the first joining part, namely to such an extent that the one element bottom of the bolt-shaped auxiliary joining element is in contact with the second joining part. Subsequently, the auxiliary joining element and the second joining part are each fused in the region of the element base and are connected to one another in a materially bonded manner in a joining region, wherein the first joining part is arranged between the element head and the second joining part.This component arrangement has the disadvantage that the first joining part and the second joining part are no longer accessible or are only poorly accessible after completion of the joining step at or adjacent to the joining region. Thus, corrosion protection and / or sealing treatment of the joining parts at or next to the joining region is no longer possible or is only possible with difficulty. The durability of the component arrangement and the possible range of applications of the component arrangement are therefore limited. A further disadvantage is that the auxiliary joining elements are very rigid and can therefore tear when one of the joining partners (for example wood) changes in thickness. Furthermore, manufacturing-related thickness fluctuations of the first joining partner cannot be compensated for or can only be compensated for to a very limited extent.US 2019 / 0316617 A1 discloses a component with a connecting element, a component combination of at least two components and a method for the production thereof. DE 10 2014 107 911 A1 discloses a joint connection for forming a hybrid component and a method for producing a hybrid component.It is an object of the invention to provide a component arrangement which has a longer durability and a broader range of applications than a known component arrangement. A further object is to provide an auxiliary joining element which has a higher resilience and / or flexibility compared to a known auxiliary joining element.This object is achieved by the features of the independent claims. Preferred developments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.According to the invention, a component arrangement is proposed having a first joining part, a second joining part, and an auxiliary joining element, wherein the auxiliary joining element is inserted into a preferably circular cylindrical aperture of the first joining part, and wherein the auxiliary joining element is in a cohesive joining connection with the second joining part with the first joining part in a joining region being interposed. According to the invention, the auxiliary joining element is at least partially elastically deformed with the build-up of a restoring force, wherein the first joining part, preferably parallel to a joining axis of the component arrangement, is braced under the action of the restoring force between an element collar of the auxiliary joining element and the second joining part. In this component arrangement, the joining parts on or next to the joining region are readily accessible for a subsequent corrosion protection and / or sealing treatment, so that the durability of the component arrangement is extended by the corrosion protection or sealing treatment and the possible range of use is enlarged. Furthermore, in this component arrangement, the two joining parts are braced against one another under the action of the restoring force, so that an undesired relative movement between the two joining parts is already reliably prevented if the joining parts are joined to one another only at one point and exclusively via the auxiliary joining element. If the joining parts are additionally intended to be bonded to one another via an adhesive, a relative movement of the joining parts with respect to one another is also already prevented before the adhesive has cured and / or crosslinked, and the component arrangement is therefore directly handle-resistant. In addition, there is an advantage in that setting effects and / or swelling and / or shrinkage of the joining parts do not adversely affect the handling strength, since they are compensated by the restoring force.For a particularly simple microencapsulated component arrangement, it is provided merely by way of example that the component arrangement is assigned the joining axis with a positive joining axis direction in the direction of the second joining part, which extends coaxially to a longitudinal axis of the auxiliary joining element, wherein it is preferably provided that the joining axis extends perpendicularly to a first joining part plane and / or perpendicularly to a second joining part plane and / or perpendicularly to an element base plane.In order that the first joining part is reliably braced between the element collar of the auxiliary joining element and the second joining part under the action of the restoring force preferably applied by means of the auxiliary joining element, it is provided by way of example that the element collar is supported on a cover surface of the first joining part, preferably facing away from the second joining part.In order to fully utilize the advantages of the component arrangement with regard to good accessibility of the joining region between the auxiliary joining element and the second joining part, it is preferably provided that the material of the first joining part is a non-metallic material, for example wood or plastic, and / or that the material of the second joining part is a metallic material, preferably an aluminum-containing material or a steel material.In order to achieve the handling safety in a particularly simple and reliable manner, it is provided merely by way of example that the first joining part and / or the second joining part is substantially plate-shaped, and / or that the first joining part extends substantially in the first joining part plane, and / or that the second joining part extends substantially in the second joining part plane, and / or that the element base extends substantially in the element base plane, wherein it is preferably provided that the first plate plane and the second plate plane and the element base plane extend parallel to one another.In order to enable the introduction of force of the joining force, for example via a welding electrode of a welding gun, directly into the element base, it is provided in an exemplary embodiment that the auxiliary joining element has an element depression, wherein it is preferably provided that the element depression is bounded radially outwards by an element wall of the auxiliary joining element, which element wall preferably connects the element collar to the element base, with respect to a longitudinal axis of the auxiliary joining element, and / or that the element depression is bounded outwards from the element base in the direction of the second joining part.In order to achieve particularly good accessibility of the joining parts in the region of the joining connection, it is provided by way of example that the element base is strip-shaped or cross-shaped. As an alternative to a strip-shaped or cross-shaped element base and in order to achieve a mechanically highly loadable joint connection, it is provided by way of example that the element base is circular disk-shaped.In order that the auxiliary joining element has the lowest possible own weight, it is provided in a preferred embodiment that the element collar is formed by two or more element collar sections which, preferably with respect to the longitudinal axis, each project radially outwards from the element wall and / or are arranged distributed uniformly around the longitudinal axis.As an alternative to the element collar sections and in order to achieve a uniform introduction of force into the first joining part, it is provided by way of example that the element collar is formed by a collar ring which is closed over the full circumference with respect to the longitudinal axis of the auxiliary joining element and / or annular, which preferably projects over the full circumference and / or radially outwards from the element wall with respect to the longitudinal axis of the auxiliary joining element.For an auxiliary joining element with a particularly low dead weight, it is provided in an exemplary embodiment that an element wall of the auxiliary joining element is formed by two or more strip-shaped wall strip sections, wherein it is preferably provided that the wall strip sections are arranged distributed uniformly around the longitudinal axis, and / or wherein it is preferably provided that each of the wall strip sections merges, preferably in the same material and / or in one piece, into the element base and / or merges into in each case exactly one element collar section, preferably in the same material and / or in one piece.For an auxiliary joining element that is particularly robust with respect to mechanical loads, it is provided as an example as an alternative to the element collar sections that the element wall is formed by a wall hollow cylinder that is closed over the full circumference with respect to the joining axis and / or is hollow cylindrical, wherein it is preferably provided that the wall hollow cylinder extends at least substantially coaxially with respect to the joining axis, and / or wherein it is preferably provided that the wall hollow cylinder merges, preferably in the same material and / or integrally, into the element collar, preferably the collar ring, and / or, preferably in the same material and / or integrally, into the element base.In order to prevent the auxiliary joining element from falling out of the aperture of the first joining part after completion of an insertion step and before the beginning of a joining step, it is provided in a preferred embodiment that each of the wall strip sections has in each case one or more barbs each having a hook tip, wherein it is preferably provided that each barb protrudes radially outwards and / or in the direction of the element collar starting from the associated wall strip section, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the auxiliary joining element, and / or wherein it is preferably provided that the hook tip engages positively in the first joining part, preferably an inner wall delimiting the aperture radially outwards, with preferably a slight material displacement.In order that the auxiliary joining element can be produced particularly easily and cost-effectively, preferably as a sheet metal part, it is provided by way of example that each of the wall strip sections has a base section and two barb sections each having a hook tip, wherein it is preferably provided that each base section connects the element base to the element collar, preferably one of the element collar sections. It is preferably provided that the base section extends between the two barb sections, as viewed in the circumferential direction about the longitudinal axis of the auxiliary joining element, and / or that the barb sections project radially outwards from the base section in the direction of the element collar and, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the auxiliary joining element. By way of example, it is provided that the hook tips of the barb sections engage positively in the first joining part, preferably an inner wall delimiting the aperture radially outwards, under preferably slight material displacement.For cost-effective production of the auxiliary joining element, it can also be provided that each of the wall strip sections has a base section and two barb sections, wherein it is preferably provided that the barb sections project from the base section on opposite sides of the base section, as viewed in the circumferential direction about the longitudinal axis of the auxiliary joining element, and namely preferably in the circumferential direction about the longitudinal axis of the auxiliary joining element.Likewise, in order to make it possible to produce the auxiliary joining element cost-effectively, it is provided by way of example that the element base has two or more barbs which, viewed from the element depression onto the element base and with respect to the longitudinal axis of the auxiliary joining element, project radially outwards from the element base. It is preferably provided that each of the barbs is arranged between two adjacent wall strip sections, viewed in the circumferential direction about the longitudinal axis of the auxiliary joining element.In order to produce the cohesive joint particularly quickly and reliably, it is provided in an exemplary embodiment that the cohesive joint is formed by a welded joint, wherein it is preferably provided that the welded joint is a spot welded joint, preferably a resistance spot welded joint, or a laser welded joint or a friction welded joint or an ultrasonic welded joint.As an alternative to the welded connection and in particular in the case that the material of the first joining part and / or the material of the second joining part is heat-sensitive, it is provided by way of example that the cohesive joining connection is formed by an adhesive connection.In order to connect the two joining parts permanently reliably to one another, it is preferably provided that the first joining part, preferably a joining surface of the first joining part, is bonded to the second joining part, preferably a joining surface of the second joining part, with the interposition of an adhesive layer.According to the invention, an auxiliary joining element as described above is also proposed.According to the invention, a method for producing a component arrangement as described above is also proposed, having a provision step in which the first joining part and the second joining part and the auxiliary joining element are provided, an insertion step in which the auxiliary joining element is inserted into the preferably circular cylindrical aperture of the first joining part, namely until the element collar of the auxiliary joining element rests on the first joining part, and a joining step in which the element base of the auxiliary joining element is joined to the second joining part by material bonding under the action of the joining force to form the component arrangement, wherein, in the joining step, the element base is pressed under the action of the joining force in the positive joining axis direction and / or in the direction of the second joining part until the element base rests on the second joining part, under at least partially elastic deformation of the auxiliary joining element and under the build-up of the restoring force. In the component arrangement produced by this method, the joining parts on or next to the joining region are readily accessible for a subsequent corrosion protection and / or sealing treatment, so that the durability of the component arrangement is extended by the corrosion protection or sealing treatment and the possible spectrum of use is enlarged. As a result of this method, the two joining parts are braced against one another under the action of the restoring force, so that an undesired relative movement between the two joining parts is reliably prevented even then insofar as the joining parts are joined to one another only at one point and exclusively via the auxiliary joining element. If the joining parts are additionally glued to one another via an adhesive, a relative movement of the joining parts with respect to one another is also already prevented before the adhesive cures and / or crosslinks, and the component arrangement produced using the method is therefore directly handle-resistant. In addition, there is an advantage in that setting effects do not adversely affect the handling strength since they are compensated by the restoring force. With this method, the component arrangement can also be produced particularly quickly and in an energy-saving manner.In order to achieve a defined restoring force and thus a defined clamping of the first joining part against the second joining part in a simple manner, it is provided by way of example that tensile stresses and / or bending stresses build up in the auxiliary joining element, preferably in the element collar and / or in the element wall and / or in the transition region from the element collar into the element wall, as a result of the at least partially elastic deformation of the auxiliary joining element during the joining step, and that the first joining part is clamped between the element collar and the second joining part under the action of the restoring force after completion of the joining step.In order to achieve a particularly stable connection between the first joining part and the second joining part after completion of the joining step and for a particularly efficient method management, it is provided by way of example that the joining force is introduced directly into the element base during the joining step, specifically preferably by means of a welding electrode of a welding gun.In order to achieve a frictional connection between the auxiliary joining element and the first joining part in a structurally simple manner during the insertion step, it is preferably provided that the auxiliary joining element is present in a mechanically unloaded state before the beginning of the insertion step, wherein it is provided that, in the unloaded state, the wall strip sections widen radially outwards starting from the element base and in the direction of the element collar, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the auxiliary joining element, and / or wherein it is provided that, in the mechanically unloaded state of the auxiliary joining element, each wall strip section encloses a flank angle with an angle value together with the element base.In order that the auxiliary joining element is automatically held in the opening of the first joining part after completion of the insertion step and before the beginning of the joining step, it is provided in an exemplary embodiment that, during the insertion step, the wall strip sections are deformed radially inward relative to the element base and with respect to the joining axis with the build-up of a spreading force, so that each wall strip section together with the element base encloses a flank angle with an angle value which is smaller than the angle value of the flank angle in the mechanically unloaded auxiliary joining element.In order that the auxiliary joining element is automatically held even more reliably in the opening of the first joining part after completion of the insertion step and before the beginning of the joining step, it is provided in an exemplary embodiment that after completion of the insertion step the barbs, preferably the hook tips, of the wall strip sections press into the first joining part under the action of the spreading force.Embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the attached figures.The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows a side sectional view of a component arrangement having a first joining part and a second joining part and an auxiliary joining element; FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the first joining part and the auxiliary joining element; FIG. 3 shows a side sectional view of the auxiliary joining element inserted into an aperture of the first joining part; FIG. 4 shows, in a side sectional view, the first joining part, the second joining part and the auxiliary joining element, which are joined to one another in a joining step to form the component arrangement, and FIGS. 5 to 8 each show a perspective view of further auxiliary joining elements.FIG. 1 shows a component arrangement 1 having a first joining part 3, a second joining part 5 and an auxiliary joining element 7. The auxiliary joining element 7 is inserted into an opening 9, here merely exemplarily in the shape of a circular cylinder, of the first joining part 3. The auxiliary joining element 7, namely an element base 11 of the auxiliary joining element 7, is joined in a materially bonded manner in a joining region 13 with the first joining part 3 interposed, namely here merely by way of example in a resistance spot welded connection to the second joining part 5.The auxiliary joining element 7 joined into the aperture 9 and to the second joining part 5 is at least partially elastically deformed with the build-up of a restoring force R, so that the first joining part 3 is braced parallel to a joining axis A of the component arrangement 1 under the action of the restoring force R between an element collar 21 of the auxiliary joining element 7 and the second joining part 5. Specifically, the element collar 21 and the auxiliary joining element 7 are substantially elastically, but also plastically deformed in a transition region from the element collar 21 into the remaining auxiliary joining element 7. The element collar 21 is supported on a cover surface 23 of the first joining part 3 facing away from the second joining part 5. A joining surface 25 of the first joining part 3 is bonded to a joining surface 27 of the second joining part 5 with an adhesive layer (not shown) interposed.In the component arrangement 1, the joining axis A extends coaxially with respect to a longitudinal axis L 1 of the auxiliary joining element 7. furthermore, the joining axis A in the component arrangement 1 extends perpendicularly to a first joining part plane in which the first plate-shaped joining part 3 substantially extends and perpendicularly to a second joining part plane in which the second plate-shaped joining part 5 substantially extends and perpendicularly to an element base plane in which the element base 11 substantially extends. Merely by way of example, the material of the first joining part 3 is a wood material and the material of the second joining part 5 is a metal or a metal alloy.In the auxiliary joining element 7, the element base 11 is formed in a strip-like manner and the element collar 21 is formed by a first element collar portion 31 and by a second element collar portion 33. In general, the element collar 21 is connected to the element base 11 via an element wall 35. Here, merely by way of example, the element wall 35 is formed by a first, strip-shaped, wall strip section 37 and by a second, strip-shaped, wall strip section 39. The first element collar portion 31 is connected to the element base 11 in a materially uniform and integral manner via a first, strip-shaped wall strip portion 37. The second element collar section 33 is connected to the element base 11 in a materially uniform and integral manner via a second, strip-shaped, wall strip section 39. The element collar portions 31 and 33 each project from the wall strip portion 37 or 39 associated therewith and radially outwards with respect to the longitudinal axis L 1. In addition, the element collar sections 31 and 33 are arranged distributed uniformly around the joining axis A, that is to say that the element collar cuts 35 and 37 together with the joining axis A form an angle of 180°.The auxiliary joining element 7 has an element depression 41 which, with respect to the longitudinal axis L 1, is bounded radially outwards by the element wall 35, here merely by way of example by the wall strip sections 37 and 39, and outwards by the element base 11 in the direction of the second joining part 5, that is to say in the positive joining axis direction of the joining axis A. For example, in order to produce the component arrangement 1, a welding electrode (see FIG. 4 ) can be introduced into the element depression 41, which electrode acts directly on the element base 11 and welds the element base 11 to the second joining part 5.The first wall strip section 37 and the second wall strip section 39 each have a barb 42 with a hook tip. Each barb 42 protrudes radially outwards and in the direction of the element collar 21, starting from the wall strip section 37 or 39 respectively assigned to it, with respect to the longitudinal axis L 1. Each hook tip engages positively in the first joining part 3 with slight material displacement of the first joining part 3.In the following, in particular with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4, a method for producing the component arrangement 1 is explained. The method comprises, merely by way of example here, a providing step, an inserting step, a joining part adhering step and a joining step.First, in the providing step, as shown in FIG. 2, the first joining part 3 having the circular cylindrical opening 9, the second joining part 5 and the auxiliary joining element 7 are provided. The auxiliary joining element 7 is initially not yet inserted into the aperture 9 and is therefore present in a mechanically unloaded, cross-sectionally widened state. The element base 11 encloses with the first wall strip section 37 a first flank angle α with an angle value which in the unloaded state lies in a range of, for example, 95° to 135°. In addition, the element base 11 encloses with the second wall strip section 39 a second flank angle β with an angle value which lies in a range of, for example, 95° to 135°.Temporally after the provision step, the insertion step is carried out, as is illustrated with reference to FIG. 3. In the insertion step, the auxiliary joining element 7, here merely by way of example, is inserted manually into the aperture 9, namely along the joining axis A and with the element base 11 in front. The auxiliary joining element 7 is inserted into the opening 9 to such an extent that the element collar 21 rests on the cover surface of the first joining part 3. The first joining part 3 is thus pre-fitted with the auxiliary joining element 7 after completion of the insertion step. It is of course also possible to insert the auxiliary joining element 7 automatically into the aperture 9.Because the auxiliary joining element 7 in the cross-section widened state in the transition region between the wall strip sections 37 and 39 into the element collar sections 31 and 33 has a greater width than the diameter of the aperture 9, the auxiliary joining element 7 is elastically deformed at right angles to the joining axis A during the insertion into the aperture 9 and, with the build-up of a spreading force, is thus transferred into a mechanically loaded, cross-section-reduced state. In the cross-section-reduced state, i.e. temporally after completion of the insertion step, the first flank angle α has a smaller angle value than in the cross-section-widened state of the auxiliary joining element 7 and the second flank angle β has a smaller angle value than in the cross-section-widened state of the auxiliary joining element 7. The barbs 42 are thus connected to the inner wall in a form-fitting and / or frictional manner and prevent the auxiliary joining element 7 from falling out of the aperture 9.After completion of the insertion step, the joining part adhering step is performed. An adhesive is applied to the joining surface 25 of the first joining part 3 and / or to the joining surface 27 of the second joining part 5 to form an adhesive layer (not shown). Subsequently, the joining parts 3 and 5 are guided towards each other so that the joining surfaces 25 and 27 lie flat against each other with the adhesive layer interposed.The joining step shown in FIG. 4 is then carried out. In the joining step, a first welding electrode 43 of a welding gun is inserted into the element recess 41. In addition, a second welding electrode 45 of the welding gun is placed on the cover surface 47 of the second joining part 5 opposite the first joining part 3, namely in such a way that the two welding electrodes 43 and 45 are arranged coaxially to one another and in each case coaxially to the joining axis A. In the joining step, the welding electrodes 43 and 45 are pressed against each other with a joining force F interposed between the element bottom 11 and the second joining part 5, wherein the joining force F is introduced directly into the element bottom 11. In this case, the element base 11 is pressed with respect to the element collar 21 in the positive joining axis direction, that is to say in the direction of the second joining part 5, to be precise until the element base 11 bears flat against the second joining part 5. In this case, the auxiliary joining element 7 at least partially deforms elastically, building up the restoring force R. In other words: due to the at least partially elastic deformation of the auxiliary joining element 7 during the joining step, tensile stresses and / or bending stresses build up in the auxiliary joining element 7, namely primarily in the element collar 21 and / or in the element wall 35, specifically the wall strip sections 37 and 39, and / or in the transition region from the element collar 21 into the element wall 21, specifically in the transition region from the element collar 21 into the wall strip sections 37 and 39.Subsequently, an electric voltage is applied to the two welding electrodes 43 and 45, so that an electric current flows from one of the welding electrodes 43 or 45 to the other welding electrode 43 or 45. In this case, the element base 11 and the second joining part 5 are fused and welded to one another in the region of the element base 11. The welding electrodes 43 and 45 are then removed from the component arrangement 1, so that the first joining part 3 is braced between the element collar 21 and the second joining part 5 under the action of the restoring force R after completion of the joining step.FIG. 5 shows the auxiliary joining element 7 in a perspective view. According to FIG. 5, the auxiliary joining element 7 has the strip-shaped element base 11, the first wall strip section 37 and the second wall strip section 39, and also the first element collar section 31 and the second element collar section 33. Unlike in FIGS. 1 to 4, barbs 42 are not shown. These are also to be understood merely as an optional supplement. In addition, the flank angles α and β of the auxiliary joining element 7 in FIG. 5 already have an angle value of approximately 90° in the mechanically unloaded state. During the insertion step, therefore, no spreading force builds up. However, this is likewise to be understood only as an optional function.FIG. 6 shows an auxiliary joining element 61. The auxiliary joining element 61 differs from the auxiliary joining element 7 only in the design of the element wall 35, the element base 11 and the element collar 21. An element wall of the auxiliary joining element 61 is formed by the first wall strip portion 37, the second wall strip portion 39, a third wall strip portion 67 and a fourth wall strip portion 69. An element collar of the auxiliary joining member 61 is formed by the first element collar portion 31, the second element collar portion 33, a third element collar portion 73, and a fourth element collar portion 75. The first element collar portion 31 and the second element collar portion 33 are opposite each other with respect to a longitudinal axis L 2 of the auxiliary joining element 61 and form an angle of 180° together with the longitudinal axis L 2 of the auxiliary joining element 61. The third element collar portion 67 and the fourth element collar portion 69 are opposed with respect to the longitudinal axis L 2 and form an angle of 180° together with the longitudinal axis L 2. The first element collar portion 31 and the third element collar portion 67 enclose an angle of 90° together with the longitudinal axis L 2 of the auxiliary joining element 61. The first wall strip portion 37 is integrally connected to the first element collar portion 31 and integrally connected to the element base 63. The second wall strip portion 39 is materially integral and integrally connected to the second element collar portion 33 and materially integral and integrally connected to the element base 63. The third wall strip section 67 is connected to the third element collar section 73 in a materially uniform and integral manner and is connected in a materially uniform and integral manner to the element base 63. The fourth wall strip portion 69 is connected to the fourth element collar portion 75 in a materially uniform and integral manner and is connected in a materially uniform and integral manner to the element base 63.FIG. 7 shows an auxiliary joining element 81. The auxiliary joining member 81 is different from the auxiliary joining member 61 only in that each wall strip portion 37, 39, 67 and 69 has a base portion 83, a barb portion 85 having a hook tip and a barb portion 87 having a hook tip, respectively. The base section 83 and the barb sections 85 and 87 are described by way of example with reference to the wall strip section 39 merely as representative of all wall strip sections 37, 39, 67 and 69. The auxiliary joining element 81 is assigned a longitudinal axis L 3. The barb portions 85 and 87 each project from the base portion 83 toward the element collar portion 33 and radially outwardly from the base portion 83 with respect to the longitudinal axis L 3. As viewed in the circumferential direction about the longitudinal axis L 3, the base portion 83 is interposed between the barb portions 85 and 87. All wall strip sections 37, 39, 67 and 69 of the auxiliary joining element 81 are of identical construction.FIG. 8 shows an auxiliary joining element 91. The auxiliary joining element 81 differs from the auxiliary joining element 81 only in that the barb sections 85 and 87 do not project radially outwards in the direction of the element collar section 33 and not in a longitudinal axis L 4 associated with the auxiliary joining element 91. Instead, in the auxiliary joining element 91, the barb portions 85 and 87 project from the base portion 83 on opposite sides of the base portion 83 in each case in the circumferential direction about the longitudinal axis L 4. All wall strip sections 37, 39, 67 and 69 of the auxiliary joining element 91 are of identical construction.The auxiliary joining elements 61, 81 and 91 can be used in the above-described method instead of the auxiliary joining element 7. As a result, no differences are produced in the process sequence and the component arrangement obtained as a result is structurally and functionally identical to the component arrangement 1, with the exception of the auxiliary joining element 7 or 61 or 81 or 91.List of reference characters1 Component arrangement 3 First joining part 5 Second joining part 7 Auxiliary joining element 9 Aperture 11 Element base 13 Joining region 21 Element collar 23 Cover surface 25 Joining surface 27 Joining surface 31 First element collar portion 33 Second element collar portion 35 Element wall 37 First wall strip portion 39 Second wall strip portion 41 Element depression 42 Barbs 43 First welding electrode 45 Second welding electrode 47 Cover surface 61 Auxiliary joining element 63 Element base 67 Third wall strip portion 69 Fourth wall strip portion 73 Third element collar portion 75 Fourth element collar portion 81 Auxiliary joining element 83 Base portion 85 Wall strip portion 87 Wall strip portion 91 Auxiliary joining element A Joining axis F Joining force L 1 Longitudinal axis L 2 Longitudinal axis L 3 Longitudinal axis L 4 Longitudinal axis R Restoring force α Flank angle β Flank angleReferences included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedUS 2019 / 0316617 A1

[0004] DE 10 2014 107 911 A1

[0004]

Claims

Component arrangement having: a first joining part (3), a second joining part (5), and an auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91), wherein the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) is inserted into an aperture (9), preferably in the form of a circular cylinder, of the first joining part (3), and wherein the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) is in a cohesive joining connection with the second joining part (5) in a joining region (13) with the first joining part (3), with the intermediate layer of the first joining part (3), characterized in that the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) is at least partially elastically deformed with the build-up of a restoring force (R), and that the first joining part (3), preferably parallel to a joining axis (A) of the component arrangement (a), is braced under the action of the restoring force (R) between an element collar (21) of the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) and the second joining part (5).Component arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) has an element depression (41), it being preferably provided that the element depression (41) is bounded radially outwards, with respect to a longitudinal axis (L1; L2; L3; L4) of the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91), by an element wall (35) of the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91), said element wall preferably connecting the element collar (21) to the element base (11; 63; 87), and / or in that the element depression (41) is bounded outwards from the element base (11; 63; 87) in the direction of the second joining part (5).Component arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the element collar (21) is formed by two or more element collar portions (31; 33; 73; 75) which, preferably with respect to the longitudinal axis (L1; L2; L3; L4), each project radially outwards from the element wall (35) and / or are arranged distributed uniformly around the longitudinal axis (L1; L2; L3; L4).Component arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an element wall (35) of the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) is formed by two or more strip-shaped wall strip sections (37; 39; 67; 69), wherein it is preferably provided that the wall strip sections (37; 39; 67; 69) are arranged distributed uniformly around the longitudinal axis (L1; L2; L3; L4), and / or wherein it is preferably provided that each of the wall strip sections (37; 39; 67; 69) merges, preferably in the same material and / or in one piece, into the element base (11; 63; 87) and / or merges into in each case exactly one element collar section (31; 33; 73; 75), preferably in the same material and / or in one piece.Component arrangement according to Claim 4, characterized in that each of the wall strip sections (37; 39; 67; 69) has in each case one or more barbs (42) each having a hook tip, wherein provision is preferably made for each barb (42) to project radially outwards and / or in the direction of the element collar (21), starting from the associated wall strip section (37; 39; 67; 69), with respect to the longitudinal axis (L1; L2; L3; L4) of the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91), and / or wherein provision is preferably made for the hook tip to engage positively, with preferably slight material displacement, into the first joining part (3), preferably an inner wall which delimits the aperture (9) radially outwards.Component arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cohesive joint connection (13) is formed by a welded connection, wherein provision is preferably made for the welded connection to be a spot welded connection, preferably a resistance spot welded connection, or a laser welded connection or a friction welded connection or an ultrasonic welded connection.Auxiliary joining element according to one of the preceding claims.Method for producing a component arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 6, having: a provision step in which the first joining part (3) and the second joining part (5) and the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) are provided, an insertion step in which the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) is inserted into the, preferably circular-cylindrical, aperture (9) of the first joining part (3), to be precise until the element collar (21) of the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) rests on the first joining part (3), and a joining step in which the element base (11; 63; 87) of the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) is bonded to the second joining part (5) under the action of the joining force (F) to form the component arrangement (1), wherein in the joining step the element base (11; 63; 87) is pressed under the action of the joining force (F) in the positive joining axis direction and / or in the direction of the second joining part (5) until the element base (11; 63; 87) abuts the second joining part (5), namely with at least partially elastic deformation of the auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91) and with the restoring force (R) being built up.Method according to claim 8, characterised in that the joining force (F) is introduced directly into the element base (11; 63; 87) during the joining step, namely preferably by means of a welding electrode (43) of a welding gun.Method according to claim 8 or 9, characterised in that in the insertion step the wall strip sections (37; 39; 67; 69) are deformed radially inwards relative to the element base (11; 63; 87) and with respect to the joining axis (A) with the build-up of a spreading force, so that each wall strip section (37; 39; 67; 69) together with the element base (11; 63; 87) encloses a flank angle (α; β) with an angle value which is smaller than the angle value of the flank angle (α; β) in the mechanically unloaded auxiliary joining element (7; 61; 81; 91).

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