Tooth for a teasel cover set and cover set for the teasel cover rod

Abstract

The invention relates to a tooth for a set carrier (16a) of a cover rod (16) of a carding machine, wherein the tooth is simply cranked along its length from the tooth base (16c) to the tooth tip (16d). Furthermore, the invention relates to a cover assembly (16) for a cover bar (14) of a carding machine, comprising an assembly carrier (16a) with a plurality of teeth (16b), wherein the assembly carrier (16a) is formed with a top layer (24) made of or comprising a polymer and an adjoining bottom layer (23) with a plurality of alternately arranged felt and reinforcement layers (23a, 23b), wherein the felt and reinforcement layers (23a, 23b) of the bottom layer (23) comprise fibers made of or comprising polyester.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a tooth for a cover assembly of a teasel and a cover assembly for the cover rod of a teasel.

[0002] In practice, flexible attachments are predominantly used for carding combs. These attachments comprise attachment carriers made of elastic, multi-layered fabric and embedded hooks, also called attachment points or teeth, which are bent from round or oval wire and equipped with a bend (a kink) to flex under load and return to their original position when unloaded. Attachment carriers can be designed as a continuous narrow or wide band. The teeth are inserted and anchored into the attachment carrier.

[0003] When using circumferential cover bars on the carding machine, the distance between the tips of the cover bars' teeth and the tips of the drum's teeth is in the range of 0.05 to 0.2 mm. This distance can be quickly reduced by the thermal expansion of the carding machine. If the tips of the covers touch, or if the distance is so small that an electrical contact can jump, the carding machine, if equipped with contact detection between the covers, may shut down due to a potential collision, or the carding machine itself may be damaged. According to current technology, the teeth and cover carriers are designed in such a way that the teeth of the covers can bend slightly during the carding process, thereby slightly increasing their overall height. This increases the risk of contact with the drum's cover bars, potentially leading to a collision.

[0004] DE 10 2007 037 055 A1 discloses a tooth for the drum bar holder of a carding drum, in which the upper tooth length is reduced to improve carding performance. This is intended to increase nit shedding and reduce drum bar loss. The document makes no mention of the tooth bending under load and thus of the tooth tip shifting towards the drum bar holder.

[0005] Conventional tooth holders are made from several layers of cotton fabric, often in combination with layers of rubber. A problem with cotton is its relatively high moisture absorption. This can cause the teeth embedded in such a layer to rust. Furthermore, pinsetting the teeth into the tooth holder is more difficult when using cotton.

[0006] Based on this, however, there is still a need to modify the tooth geometry so that the absolute height of the teeth cannot increase under bending stress, thus preventing collisions with the drum's drum assembly. Furthermore, the cover assembly should be optimized, as the associated assembly carrier also influences the tooth's bending behavior. In particular, the pin setting should be improved and potential tooth corrosion reduced.

[0007] It is therefore the object of the invention to provide an improved tooth for a cover set, as well as to design a cover set for a cover bar of a carding machine in such a way that the bending behavior of the tooth according to the invention is improved.

[0008] The problem underlying the invention is solved by a tooth for the lid fitting which is simply cranked along its length from the tooth base to the tooth tip.

[0009] In this design, the tooth has an increased lower tooth length for the same tooth height, with the ratio of lower tooth length to tooth height being 72% to 85%, preferably 73% to 76%. This shifts the tooth's offset towards the tip, thereby reducing the radius when the tooth bends under load. Consequently, the tooth tip has a reduced tendency to move from the top of the cover assembly to the drum assembly. Preferably, the upper tooth length is 2.3 mm to 2.5 mm, with a tooth height of 7.5 mm.

[0010] In other words, the tooth – viewed from the side – can simply be cranked along its length from the base to the tip. "Along its length from the base to the tip" can refer to the axial direction of the tooth from the base to the tip.

[0011] A further improvement is achieved by each tooth bending around two bending points under load, with the first bending point being located within the cover set between the top felt layer and the cover layer, and the second bending point being formed by the offset.

[0012] A modified working angle is formed by a vertical line and the curved inner surface of the upper tooth length at the tooth tip, and is preferably between 12 and 20 degrees. Reducing the working angle (AW) results in less aggressive carding, which is further enhanced by the altered curvature of the tooth under load during carding. This leads to a longer service life for the teeth.

[0013] With this geometry, a breast angle of 70 degrees to 78 degrees results between the top of the lid set and the inside of the upper tooth length.

[0014] With a tooth height ZH of 7.5 mm, the lower tooth length is at least 5.4 mm, preferably at least 5.5 mm. Simultaneously, the insertion angle EW, at which the tooth is inserted into the attachment holder, was reduced to 65 to 70 degrees. The insertion angle is formed by the top surface of the attachment holder and the outer surface of the tooth, where the offset is located. This results in two modified bending points. The first bending point for the tooth lies within the cover attachment 16, specifically between the uppermost felt layer and the polymer cover layer, which serves as an abutment. The second bending point is formed by the offset. As a result, the tooth bends around two points in such a way that an increase in tooth height under load is prevented.

[0015] Preferably, the breast angle is 70 degrees to 78 degrees between the top of the cover assembly and the inside of the upper tooth length.

[0016] Since the working angle is complementary to the chest angle, the optimal carding action of the tooth in the lid set can be described by the ratio of the insertion angle to the chest angle of 83% to 100%, regardless of the geometric lengths of the tooth.

[0017] The lid assembly according to the invention has an assembly carrier into which a plurality of the teeth according to the invention are inserted.

[0018] The garment carrier is produced with a top layer made of or comprising a polymer and an adjoining underlayer, with a plurality of alternating felt and reinforcement layers arranged one above the other, wherein the felt and reinforcement layers of the underlayer comprise fibers made of or comprising polyester.

[0019] The invention modifies both the foundation, i.e., the tooth holder in which the teeth are mounted, and the tooth geometry, so that the tooth length can only decrease, not increase, under bending stress. It has been shown that when the teeth are mounted in the redesigned tooth holder, the bending stress can be reduced even further. This is because the top layer provides excellent support for each individual tooth and absorbs the bending stress particularly effectively. Furthermore, the material used in the bottom layer (polyester) reduces tooth corrosion. This results in a bonus effect, and the invention is based on a single general inventive concept.

[0020] When, according to the invention, it is said that something is seen in side view, then the direction of view meant is that which runs parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum of the carding machine.

[0021] The set carrier can be designed such that the top layer forms the outside of the set carrier, which, when installed, faces a drum of the carding machine, and a felt layer on the underside forms the inside of the set carrier.

[0022] Preferably, the polymer of the top layer can be a homopolymer, such as natural rubber, or a copolymer, such as styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, or butyl rubber. The polymer used allows the restoration backing to be both particularly flexible and exceptionally well-suited to absorbing the bending forces exerted by the teeth. The top layer can be made entirely of the aforementioned polymer, i.e., from solid material.

[0023] A further improvement is achieved by each tooth bending around two bending points under load, with the first bending point being located within the cover set between the top felt layer and the cover layer, and the second bending point being formed by the offset.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the reinforcing layers can be designed as planar textile structures, such as woven, knitted, crocheted, or braided fabrics. In this way, cost-effective reinforcement can be achieved.

[0025] The basis weight of a felt and reinforcement layer can advantageously be between 900 and 1400 g / m². 2 , preferably between 1200 and 1300 g / m² 2 This allows the teeth to be held particularly well in the respective felt and reinforcing layers of the underlayer.

[0026] Further measures improving the invention are described in more detail below together with a description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures.

[0027] They show: Fig. 1 a schematic side view of a teasel; Fig. 2 lid bars of a traveling lid in a detailed view from Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a longitudinal section through a section of a furniture carrier in accordance with the state of the art; Fig. 4 a tooth in a side view; Fig. 5. A description of the structure and sequence of the manufacture of the garment carrier; Fig. 6 a cut through a furniture carrier; Fig. 7 a representation of the lid fitting with the fitting carrier and a double cranked tooth.

[0028] Fig. Figure 1 shows a highly schematic and therefore not-to-scale side view of a carding machine, with feeding roller 1, feeding table 2, pre-tearers 3a, 3b, 3c, drum 4, take-up roller 5, stripping roller 6, crushing rollers 7, 8, fleece guide element 9, feed hopper 10, take-off rollers 11, 12, traveling cover 13 with cover deflection rollers 13a, 13b and cover bars 14, can 18 and can holder 19. The directions of rotation of the rollers are shown with curved arrows. M denotes the center point (longitudinal axis) of drum 4. 4a indicates the drum assembly and 4b indicates the direction of rotation of drum 4. Arrow A indicates the working direction. Arrow B indicates the direction of travel of the cover bars 14 in carding position, and arrow C indicates the return transport of the cover bars 14. The curved arrows drawn in the rollers indicate the directions of rotation of the rollers.

[0029] Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of the object of the Fig. 1, in particular the traveling cover 13. The cover rods 14 each have a cover head at both ends. Support bodies 15 are attached to the cover heads. The cover assembly 16 is attached to the underside of the support body 15. The distance between the cover assemblies 16 and the drum assembly 4a can be adjusted by means of an adjustable wedge strip 20. The tip circle of the narrowest point of each cover assembly 16 is designated by 21. The drum 4 has the drum assembly 4a, e.g., a sawtooth assembly, on its circumference. The tip circle of the drum assembly 4a is designated by 22. The distance between the tip circle 21 and the tip circle 22 is designated by a and is, for example, 0.20 mm. The distance between the convex outer surface 20a of the wedge strip 20 and the tip circle 22 is designated by b. The radius of the convex outer surface 20a is denoted by r1, and the radius of the tip circle 22 is denoted by r2.The radii r1 and r2 intersect at the center M (see . Fig. 1) the drum 4.

[0030] The Fig. Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through a section of a fitting carrier 16a according to the prior art, as it is used in the cover fitting 16 of the object of Fig. 2. Could find use. The one in Fig. The depicted stringer 16' comprises three layers 23, 24, 25, arranged one above the other and bonded together. A middle layer 25 is located between a base layer 23 and a top layer 24. A thin coating (lacquer) is applied to the top layer 24. Two thin reinforcing layers 27a, 27b are arranged parallel to each other, i.e., one above the other, within the base layer 23. It is possible to produce the layers 23, 24, 25 with various thicknesses to adapt them to specific requirements.

[0031] A multitude of garment wires, here referred to as teeth 16b, are inserted and anchored in the garment carrier 16'. The teeth 16b pierce the entire garment carrier 16' from the rear, with the free ends (tips) projecting beyond the cover layer 24.

[0032] Starting from in the Fig. 1, Fig. 2 to Fig. The state of the art shown in section 3 will now be discussed using the following examples: Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 to Fig. 7 the object is described according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0033] The Fig. Figure 4 shows a side view of a tooth 16b with preferred tooth geometry. The tooth 16b is simply offset along its entire height ZH from the root 16c to the apex 16d. The height ZH is defined as the vertical extent of the tooth 16b from the root 16c to the apex 16d. The maxillary length OZL extends parallel to the maxillary tooth from the offset 16e to the apex 16d. The mandibular length UZL extends parallel to the mandibular tooth from the root 16c to the offset 16e. Due to the bend angle BW between the mandibular and maxillary teeth at the offset 16e, the sum of the mandibular length UZL and the maxillary length OZL is greater than the height ZH. The offset 16e refers to a bend or curvature that forms a bend angle BW between the mandibular length UZL and the maxillary length OZL.The working angle AW is formed by a vertical line and the curved inner surface of the upper tooth length OZL at the tooth tip 16d and is preferably between 12 and 20 degrees. With this geometry, a breast angle BrW of 70 to 78 degrees results between the top surface of the cover assembly 16 and the inner surface of the upper tooth length OZL. Tooth 16b has an increased lower tooth length UZL for the same tooth height ZH, consequently shortening the upper tooth length OZL. This changes the ratio of lower tooth length UZL to tooth height ZH to 72% to 85%, preferably 73% to 76%. With a tooth height ZH of 7.5 mm, the lower tooth length is at least 5.4 mm, preferably at least 5.5 mm. Simultaneously, the insertion angle EW has been reduced to 65 to 70 degrees. This results in two modified bending points, as shown in the [reference missing]. Fig. 7 is recognizable. The first bending point 17 for tooth 16b lies within the cover assembly 16, namely between the uppermost felt layer 23a and the polymer cover layer 24, which serves as an abutment. The second bending point is formed by the offset 16e. As a result, tooth 16b bends around two points 17 and 16e in such a way that an increase in the tooth height ZH is prevented.

[0034] Changing the mandibular length UZL and maxillary length OZL and the altered insertion angle EW results in the further advantage that the working angle AW at the unloaded tooth tip 16d has been reduced to 12 to 20 degrees, preferably to 15 degrees. o up to 17 o The reduction of the working angle AW results in less aggressive carding, which is further supported by the altered curvature of tooth 16b under load during carding. This gives the teeth a longer service life.

[0035] The Fig. 5 and Fig. Figure 6 shows the structure and sequence of the manufacture of the fitting carrier 16a, as well as a section through a fitting carrier 16a according to an embodiment of the invention, analogous to Fig. 3. The trim carrier 16a is made here from a top layer 24 and a bottom layer 23. The bottom layer 23, in turn, is made from a series of alternating layers of felt 23a and reinforcing layers 23b. In this embodiment, the felt layers 23a consist of polyester fibers processed into felt. The reinforcing layers 23b consist of polyester fibers processed into a woven fabric. To manufacture the trim carrier 16a, work begins with the bottom layer 23. In the first step, a reinforcing layer 23b and a felt layer 23a are provided. This reinforcing felt layer is then needled to obtain a reinforcing felt layer. In a second step, three of these needled reinforcing felt layers are provided and needled together. Optionally, another felt layer 23a can be placed under the bottom reinforcing layer 23b and needled together in the second step.The next step involves needle-punching. The resulting and needle-punched base layer 23 can optionally be heat-fixed. This results in an alternating layering of the base layer 23 consisting of several felt layers 23a and several reinforcing layers 23b, as shown in [reference]. Fig. Figure 6 shows that a top layer 24 made of a polymer is applied to the base layer 23, e.g. by calendering. Fig. Figure 5 shows the production of the garment carrier 16a with the layering according to the individual steps of production. Fig. Figure 6 shows the finished set carrier 16a.

[0036] The in Fig. 4 and Fig. The preferred tooth 16b shown in Figure 7 can be mounted in a set carrier 16a according to an embodiment of the invention, analogous to the Fig. 3, be introduced such that the first bending point 17 is located within the cover assembly 16, specifically between the uppermost felt layer 23a and the polymer cover layer 24. The second bending point, the offset 16e, is located outside the cover assembly 16. The advantage of this arrangement is as follows: If the individual tooth 16b experiences a bending force F during operation of the carding machine, Fig. As indicated by the thick arrow in Figure 4, tooth 16b, or rather its individual sections, can "deviate" around both bending points 16e and 17, i.e., bend around them. This creates two pivot points around which tooth 16b, and especially tooth tip 16d, can elastically deform. However, this causes tooth tip 16d to move from its position in Fig.The tooth tip 16d moves radially inwards from the initial position indicated in Figure 4, i.e., towards the top layer 24. Because tooth 16b is also inserted in the drum carrier 16a, the tooth tip 16d does not move radially outwards. Therefore, it cannot extend outwards due to the bending force F, which also prevents a collision with the drum drum 4a when tooth 16b bends. According to the prior art, the reinforcing layers 27a, 27b are often designed as planar textile structures, such as woven, knitted, or braided fabrics, which allows them to securely hold the tooth base 16c. Since the reinforcing layers 23b and the felt layers 23a are made of polyester fibers, they absorb less moisture compared to cotton, thus reducing rusting of the teeth 16b during carding operation. Reference sign 1 feed roller 2 Dining table 3a, 3b, 3c Tear-off 4 drums 4a Drum set 4b Direction of rotation 5 customers 6. Scraper roller 7, 8 crushing rollers 9 fleece guiding element 10 funnels 11, 12 take-off rollers 13 traveling lids 13a, 13b Lid deflection rollers 14 lid rod 15 supporting structures 16 lid set 16a Set carrier 16b tooth 16c Tooth base 16d Tooth tip 16th bend 17 Bending point 18 cans 19 canning sticks 20 wedge strip 20a Outdoor area 21 Top Circle 22 Top Circle 23 lower class 23a Felt layer 23b Reinforcing layer 24 Top layer 25 middle class 27a, 27b Reinforcing layer a distance b distance r1 radius r2 radius A working direction B Direction of travel C Return transport F Bending force M Center OZL upper tooth length UZL Lower tooth length ZH Tooth height AW working angle BW bending angle BrW chest angle EW insertion angle QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2007 037 055 A1

[0004]

Claims

Tooth for a set carrier (16a) of a cover rod (16) of a carding machine, wherein the tooth is simply cranked along its length from the tooth base (16c) to the tooth tip (16d), wherein the tooth (16b) has a lower tooth and an upper tooth which are connected to each other by a crank (16e), and the ratio of the lower tooth length (UZL) to the tooth height (ZH) is 72% to 85%, preferably 73% to 76%. Tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that the tooth (16b) is inserted at an insertion angle (EW) in the attachment carrier (16a), wherein the insertion angle (EW) of the tooth (16b) on its outer side to the attachment carrier is 65 degrees to 70 degrees. Tooth according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the lower tooth length (UZL) is at least 5.4 mm, preferably at least 5.5 mm. Tooth according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the upper tooth length (OZL) is 2.3 mm to 2.5 mm. Tooth according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the working angle (AW) is formed by a vertical line and the curved inner side of the upper tooth length (OZL) at the tooth tip (16d) and is between 12 degrees and 20 degrees. Tooth according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by a breast angle (BrW) of 70 degrees to 78 degrees between the top of the cover assembly and the inside of the upper tooth length. Tooth according to claim 6, characterized in that the ratio of insertion angle (EW) to breast angle (BrW) is 83% to 100%. Cover fitting (16) for a cover rod (14) of a carding machine, comprising a fitting carrier (16a) with a plurality of teeth (16b), designed according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fitting carrier (16a) is formed with a top layer (24) made of or comprising a polymer and an adjoining underlayer (23) with a plurality of alternately arranged felt and reinforcement layers (23a, 23b), wherein the felt and reinforcement layers (23a, 23b) of the underlayer (23) comprise fibers made of or comprising polyester. Lid assembly (16) according to claim 8, characterized in that the polymer of the cover layer (24) is a homopolymer, such as natural rubber or a copolymer, such as styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber or butyl rubber. Lid set (16) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the reinforcing layers (23b) are designed as planar textile structures, such as woven, knitted, crocheted or braided fabrics. Cover assembly (16) according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the assembly carrier (16a) is designed such that the cover layer (24) forms an outer side of the assembly carrier (16a), which in the installed state is facing a drum (4) of the carding machine, and a felt layer (23a) of the underside of the assembly carrier (16a) forms an inner side of the assembly carrier (16a). Lid fitting (16) according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the basis weight of a felt and reinforcement layer (23a, 23b) is between 900 and 1400 g / m2, preferably between 1200 and 1300 g / m2.

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