Tunnel construction aid device

Abstract

A tunnelling auxiliary device (20, 120, 220) which is installed in an already excavated first tunnel (T1) for assisting in excavation with a boring machine (10) which carries out the excavation by means of a rotating cutting head (11) while a gripper (12a) is pressed against a side wall (T1a, T2a) when the boring machine (10) is used to excavate a second tunnel (T2) intersecting the first tunnel (T1), the tunnelling auxiliary device (20, 120, 220) comprising: a reaction force transducer (21, 30, 121) forming a replacement surface for the side wall (T2a) of the second tunnel (T2) on the side of the first tunnel (T1) at the point where the first and second tunnels (T1, T2) intersect when excavating the second tunnel (T2) by means of the drilling machine (10), the gripper (12a) of the drilling machine (10) pressing against the replacement surface; and a support member having a first support ram (22a, 23a) and a second support ram (22b, 23b) opposite the first support ram (22a, 23a), wherein the support rams (22a, 22b, 23a, 23b) can move back and forth with respect to the side wall (T1a), and wherein the support member is installed such that it presses against the side wall (T1a) of the first tunnel (T1), supports the reaction force transducer (21, 30, 121) in the first tunnel (T1), and can move back and forth with respect to the side wall (T1a) of the first tunnel (T1).

Description

BACKGROUND TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] The present invention relates to a tunneling auxiliary device used in the excavation of intersecting tunnels. DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE ART

[0002] Tunnels are usually excavated using a boring machine that has a cutting head with a drill bit at the front of the machine and grippers on the right and left sides of the rear of the machine.

[0003] This drilling machine advances the tunnel with the cutting head, which rotates under tight pressure, with the left and right grippers pressing against the left and right side walls of the tunnel.

[0004] When a boring machine like this is used to excavate two or more intersecting tunnels, the side wall to which the grippers are clamped disappears at the intersection area when excavating a new tunnel that intersects an existing one. Tunnel excavation using this boring machine is therefore not possible.

[0005] JP 2002-364286 A, for example, describes a reaction force absorbing structure for use at a tunnel junction, where a wall that can withstand the reaction force and against which the gripper is pressed is provided by construction measures in an existing tunnel.

[0006] JP 2000-303775 A discloses a drilling machine for drilling a shaft. The drilling machine is mounted on a support frame, which is tiltably mounted on a frame. Tilting the support frame adjusts the inclination of the drilling machine. Tilting the drilling machine allows the inclination of the shaft to be drilled to be controlled. OVERVIEW

[0007] The known reaction force absorbing structure described in JP 2002-364286 A, which is used at a tunnel junction, has the following problems.

[0008] The reaction force absorption structure described in JP 2002-364286 A for use at a tunnel junction must be installed through construction work in an existing tunnel. With multiple tunnel junctions, this reaction force absorption structure must be installed through construction work at each individual intersection, making this task extremely time-consuming and potentially reducing the efficiency of constructing the tunnel with a tunnel boring machine.

[0009] The invention is based on the object of providing a tunnel construction auxiliary device which does not result in a reduction in the construction efficiency with a tunnel boring machine, even when tunnel crossings have to be excavated.

[0010] The tunneling auxiliary device according to a first aspect of the present invention is installed in an already excavated first tunnel to assist the excavation with the boring machine, which performs the excavation with a rotating cutting head while a grapple is pressed against a sidewall when the boring machine is used to excavate a second tunnel crossing the first tunnel. The tunneling auxiliary device comprises a reaction force absorber and a support member. The reaction force absorber forms a substitute surface for the sidewall of the second tunnel on the side of the first tunnel at the point where the first and second tunnels cross when the second tunnel is excavated with the boring machine, and the grapple of the boring machine is pressed against the substitute surface.The support member includes a first support ram and a second support ram opposite the first support ram, the support rams being movable back and forth with respect to the side wall, and is installed such that it is pressed against the side wall of the first tunnel, supports the reaction force transducer in the first tunnel, and is movable back and forth with respect to the side wall of the first tunnel.

[0011] Here, a reaction force transducer, which forms a replacement surface serving as part of the sidewall of the second tunnel, is provided on the side of the existing first tunnel. This allows the drilling machine to excavate an intersection between an existing first tunnel and a newly drilled second tunnel using grippers pressed against the left and right sidewalls of the tunnel. A support element is provided to support the reaction force transducer, and the support element is pressed against the sidewall of the first tunnel to fix the reaction force transducer in the desired position.

[0012] Since the reaction force transducer here forms a replacement surface for the side wall of the second tunnel, it preferably has the same shape as the side wall of the second tunnel. The support element preferably also has a ram or similar mechanism for bracing against the side wall of the first tunnel. Furthermore, the tunneling auxiliary device is provided with wheels so that, when the support element is moved away from the side wall of the first tunnel, the device can be driven, towed, or loaded onto a transporter or the like for movement within the tunnel.

[0013] Thus, locations where there is no side wall of the second tunnel due to an intersection with the existing first tunnel can be blocked off with the replacement surface of the reaction force absorber, so that the drilling operation for drilling the intersection area of ​​the first and second tunnels can be continued with a conventional drilling machine that absorbs a reaction force from the side wall during drilling.

[0014] In the present tunneling auxiliary device, the support member supporting the reaction force transducer in the first tunnel is provided so that it can be moved back and forth relative to the side wall of the first tunnel. Therefore, the tunneling auxiliary device can be easily moved at the point where the excavation of an intersection is completed, and even when a plurality of tunnel intersections are provided, the tunneling auxiliary device can be easily moved to the desired location. The efficiency of constructing a tunnel with intersections is thus increased.

[0015] The tunneling auxiliary device according to a second aspect of the present invention is the tunneling auxiliary device according to the first aspect, further comprising a traveling member for traveling in the first and second tunnels.

[0016] Here the tunneling aid device has a driving element that allows movement through the tunnel.

[0017] On construction sites with numerous tunnel intersections, this tunneling aid device can be moved to any of these intersections, thereby increasing tunnel construction efficiency.

[0018] The tunneling auxiliary device according to a third aspect of the present invention is the tunneling auxiliary device according to the second aspect, wherein the traveling member has traveling wheels and a prime mover or battery as a drive source for rotating the traveling wheels.

[0019] Here, a self-propelled tunneling auxiliary device is configured with running wheels and a drive motor, battery or the like.

[0020] The tunneling auxiliary device can therefore move through a tunnel under its own power, increasing the efficiency of constructing a tunnel with tunnel crossings.

[0021] The tunneling auxiliary device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the tunneling auxiliary device according to the second aspect, wherein the traveling member has traveling wheels and connecting members connected to a towing vehicle capable of traveling through the first and second tunnels.

[0022] Here, a towable tunneling auxiliary device is configured by providing connecting elements that connect the running wheels to the towing vehicle.

[0023] Since this tunneling auxiliary device can be towed through the tunnel by a towing vehicle, etc., the efficiency of tunnel construction with crossings is increased.

[0024] The tunneling auxiliary device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the tunneling auxiliary device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the support components are divisible into a plurality of elements / parts.

[0025] In this case, the support element can be divided into a plurality of elements.

[0026] Therefore, if the device has to be maneuvered around a tunnel curve, its division allows it to negotiate this curve without any problems.

[0027] The tunneling auxiliary device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the tunneling auxiliary device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the reaction force absorber is provided on the replacement surface and has an excavation portion that can be excavated by the boring machine.

[0028] Here, concrete or another such excavation area is provided on the surface of the area that will become the replacement surface of the reaction force transducer.

[0029] When the boring machine passes a tunnel intersection, the excavation area is excavated by the cutting head at the distal end, allowing the area that will become the replacement surface of the reaction force transducer to have the same shape as the sidewall of the second tunnel. Therefore, it is not necessary to precisely match the shape of the replacement surface of the reaction force transducer to the shape of the tunnel sidewall.

[0030] The tunneling auxiliary device according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the tunneling auxiliary device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the reaction force absorber includes an angle adjusting mechanism for adjusting the angle of the replacement surface.

[0031] Here, the angle adjustment mechanism adjusts the angle of the equivalent surface of the reaction force transducer.

[0032] Thus, the angle of the area that will become the replacement surface can be adjusted to match the shape of the side wall of the second tunnel.

[0033] The tunneling auxiliary device according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is used in a tunnel and includes a traveling member, a supporting member, and a reaction force absorber. The traveling member allows the tunneling auxiliary device to be relocated to another location. The supporting member has a first supporting ram and a second supporting ram opposite the first supporting ram. At least one of the supporting rams is pressed against the tunnel sidewall, allowing the tunneling auxiliary device to be fixed in the tunnel. The reaction force absorber is arranged at a first end of the supporting member in a direction that does not cross the tunnel sidewall and has a surface that extends in a direction that crosses the tunnel sidewall.

[0034] When a boring machine is required to excavate a tunnel that intersects an existing tunnel, the reaction force required for excavation at the intersection can be achieved. The reaction force transducer used to excavate the tunnel intersection can be easily installed and relocated, significantly simplifying the process of constructing intersections when multiple intersections are planned. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a side view of the configuration of a boring machine used in a tunnel excavation process involving the tunneling auxiliary device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing a state of tunneling by means of the boring machine in Fig. 1 and the tunneling auxiliary device in this embodiment; Fig. 3A is a plan view showing a state in which the tunneling auxiliary device has been installed in a tunnel; Fig. 3B shows a cross-section of its posterior end face; Fig. 3C is a side view and Fig. 3D shows a cross-section of its front; Fig. 4A and Fig. 4B show, in a plan view and an oblique view, a state in which the tunnel construction auxiliary device in Fig. 2 was installed in a tunnel; Fig. Fig. 5A is a plan view showing a state in which the tunneling auxiliary device is in Fig. 2 can move in the tunnel; Fig. 5B shows a cross-section of its posterior end face; Fig. 5C is a side view, Fig. 5D shows a cross-section of its front; Fig. 6A and Fig. 6B show, in a top view and an oblique view, a state in which the tunnel construction auxiliary device is in Fig. 2 can move in the tunnel; Fig. 7A and Fig. 7B shows the procedure of tunnel excavation by the tunnel excavation method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 8A and Fig. 8B show the procedure of tunnel excavation by the tunnel excavation method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B show the procedure of tunnel excavation by the tunnel excavation method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 10A and Fig. 10B shows the procedure of tunneling by the tunneling method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the internal configuration of the tunneling auxiliary device according to another embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 12A and Fig. 12B schematically show a mechanism for adjusting the angle of the reaction force sensor of the tunneling auxiliary device in Fig. 11; and Fig. 13 is a side view of the configuration of the tunneling auxiliary device according to still another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0035] The tunneling auxiliary device according to an embodiment of the present invention and the tunnel excavation method using the device will be described below with reference to Fig. 1 to 10B.

[0036] The drilling machine 10 ( Fig. 1 etc.) in this embodiment is a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine), but in particular a boring machine known as a grab TBM (Gripper TBM) or hard rock TBM. As Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the tunnels (first and second tunnels T1 and T2) excavated / driven with the boring machine 10 in this embodiment are tunnels with a substantially circular cross-section. The cross-sectional shape of the tunnels according to the invention is not limited to a circular shape. It can also be elliptical, double-circular, hoof-shaped, and the like. Drill configuration 10

[0037] In this embodiment, the Fig. 1 shown drilling machine 10 for excavating / driving the first and second tunnels T1 and T2 (see Fig. 2, etc.). The drilling machine 10 described in this embodiment has a typical configuration, with the rock being extracted by a rotating cutting head supported at the rear by a gripper 12a.

[0038] The boring machine 10 is used to excavate hard rock during its advance in a tunnel. Fig. 1, the drilling machine 10 has a cutting head 11, the gripper 12a and a pressure stamp 13.

[0039] How Fig. As shown in Figure 1, the cutting head 11 is disposed at the front end of the boring machine 10 and, with the aid of a plurality of cutting discs 11a disposed on the front end surface, mines rock by rotating around the central axis of the substantially circular tunnel. The cutting head 11 conveys bedrock, debris, etc., finely crushed by the cutting discs 11a, into its interior through an opening (not shown) formed in the surface.

[0040] How Fig. 1, a gripper attachment member 12 is arranged at the rear of the drilling machine 10 and forms the rear body of the drilling machine 10. The grippers 12a are provided on both sides in the width direction of the gripper attachment member 12.

[0041] How Fig. 2, the grippers 12a press against the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2 which is being driven forward, whereby the drilling machine 10 is supported in the second tunnel T2.

[0042] How Fig. 1, the pressure ram 13 is arranged in the center of the drilling machine 10 and forms the center body of the drilling machine 10. The pressure ram 13 extends or retracts between the cutting head 11 and the grippers 12a so that the drilling machine can be moved piece by piece through the second tunnel T2 during mining.

[0043] How Fig. 1 shows, a support element 14 is arranged between the cutting head 11 and the pressure stamp 13 and, together with the cutting head 11, forms the front body of the drilling machine 10. The support element 14 supports the front body of the drilling machine 10 in the second tunnel T2.

[0044] Since the drilling machine 10 is configured as described above, the grippers 12a are pressed against the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2. This holds the drilling machine 10 in such a way that it does not move in the second tunnel T2, and in this state, the pressure ram 13 is extended while the cutting head 11 at the front rotates, so that the cutting head 11 is pushed into place precisely and the excavation through rock, etc., progresses. At this time, the drilling machine 10 conveys the finely crushed rock, etc., to the rear on a conveyor belt (not shown) or the like. This enables the drilling machine 10 to penetrate deeper into the second tunnel T2 (see Fig. 2).

[0045] That is, in the case of the drilling machine 10, the grippers 12a, which are arranged further to the rear than the cutting head 11 carrying out the excavation, press against the wall T2a of the second tunnel during the excavation, and this is a prerequisite for the excavation into the second tunnel T2. Configuration of the tunneling auxiliary device 20

[0046] How Fig. As shown in Figure 2, the tunneling auxiliary device 20 according to this embodiment is installed on the side of the existing first tunnel T1 at the intersection between the first tunnel T1 and the second tunnel T2 during the excavation of the second tunnel T2 crossing the first tunnel T1. Two such tunneling auxiliary devices 20 are installed in the first tunnel T1 so that they flank the second tunnel T2 from both sides at the intersection of the first and second tunnels T1 and T2.

[0047] While the second tunnel T2 is being excavated, the tunneling auxiliary device 20 forms a replacement surface which becomes a replacement of the side wall T2a in the section where no side wall T2a is present and which is created during the excavation of the second tunnel T2 at the intersection between the first tunnel T1 and the second tunnel T2.

[0048] More specifically, the tunneling auxiliary device 20 comprises, as shown in Fig. 2, a reaction force transducer 21 and first and second sub-elements 22 and 23. Reaction force sensor 21

[0049] The reaction force sensor 21 is provided on the side of the existing first tunnel T1 to form a replacement surface in the section where there is no side wall of the second tunnel T2 and which is present at the intersection between the first and second tunnels T1 and T2. Fig. As shown in FIG. 2, the reaction force absorber 21 is disposed at the front of the tunneling auxiliary device 20 and includes a support ram 21a, a reaction force absorbing surface (replacement surface) 21b, running wheels (travel members) 21c, and an abrasive member 21d. The front of the tunneling auxiliary device 20 is a first end of a support member 22a (explained below) in a direction that does not intersect with the side wall of the first tunnel T1 and is located on the side where the second tunnel T2 is located. The reaction force absorbing surface has an area that extends in the direction that intersects with the side wall of the first tunnel T1.

[0050] The support ram 21a is provided such that it can be moved back and forth with respect to the side wall T1a of the first tunnel T1 to arrange the reaction force receiving surface 21b as a replacement surface for the side wall T2a in the section of the second tunnel T2 in which no side wall T2a is present, namely at the intersection of the first and second tunnels T1 and T2. Fig. As shown in Figure 3D, two of these support stamps 21a are vertically aligned on the side surface of the reaction force transducer 21.

[0051] That is, when the tunneling auxiliary device 20 is installed at the intersection of the first and second tunnels T1 and T2, the support props 21a move the reaction force receiving surface 21b to a certain projecting position so that it becomes part of the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2 excavated by the boring machine 10, as shown in the Fig. 3A, Fig. 4A etc.

[0052] When the tunneling auxiliary device 20 moves through the first tunnel T1, as shown in the Fig. 5A, Fig. 6A etc., the support props 21a are brought into a certain retreat position so that the tunneling auxiliary device 20 can be arranged at the intersection of the first and second tunnels T1 and T2.

[0053] The reaction force receiving surface 21b is arranged on the reaction force receiver 21 in such a way that it can be moved back and forth by the support punches 21a, and forms a part of the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2 under manufacture after being moved to the predetermined projecting position.

[0054] Four of the running wheels 21c are provided in such a way that they can rest on the floor surface of the first tunnel T1, as shown in Fig. 3A to allow the reaction force transducer 21 (the tunneling auxiliary device 20) to move through the tunnel.

[0055] The cutting element 21d is formed by injecting concrete or the like in the desired thickness onto the surface of the reaction force-absorbing surface 21b. The cutting element 21d is partially cut away during the excavation of the second tunnel T2 by the boring machine 10, thereby easily forming a replacement surface whose shape is substantially the same as that of the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2.

[0056] It is therefore not necessary for the shape of the reaction force receiving surface 21b or the angle of the reaction receiving surface 21b to exactly match the shape of the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2. First sub-element 22

[0057] The first sub-element 22 is provided to support the tunneling auxiliary device 20 in the first tunnel T1, and it is connected to the rear part of the reaction force absorber 21, as shown in Fig. 2. How Fig. As shown in Figure 3A, the first sub-element 22 includes a support post (support member) 22a, a support post (support member) 22b, and idlers 22c. In this embodiment, the reaction force absorber 21 and the first sub-element 22 are connected, but the reaction force absorber 21 and the first sub-element 22 may be brought into contact with each other during tunnel construction instead of being connected to each other.

[0058] The support ram 22a is provided so that it can move back and forth with respect to the side wall T1a of the first tunnel T1 in the first tunnel T1 in which the tunneling auxiliary device 20 is installed.

[0059] The support ram 22b is arranged on the side surface opposite the support ram 22a and, like the support ram 22a, can move back and forth with respect to the side wall T1a of the first tunnel T1.

[0060] That is, as in the Fig. 2, Fig. 3A, etc., when the tunneling auxiliary device 20 is secured in the first tunnel T1, the support rams 22a and 22b move to the position projecting from one of the side surfaces, thereby allowing the other surface of the first sub-element 22 to be pressed against the side wall T1a of the first tunnel T1. This maintains the first sub-element 22 in a stationary state in the first tunnel T1.

[0061] How Fig. As shown in Fig. 3A, four of the running wheels 22c are arranged so that they can rest on the floor surface of the first tunnel T1, so that the first sub-element 22 (the tunneling auxiliary device 20) can travel through the tunnel. Second sub-element 23

[0062] The second sub-element 23 is similar to the first sub-element 22 in that it is intended to support the tunnelling auxiliary device 20 in the first tunnel T1 and is, as shown in Fig. 2, connected to the rear part of the first sub-element 22. As Fig. As shown in Figure 3A, the second sub-element 23 has a support post (support element) 23a, a support post (support element) 23b, idler wheels 23c, and a connecting element 23d.

[0063] The support ram 23a is provided such that it can move back and forth relative to the side wall T1a of the first tunnel T1 in which the tunneling auxiliary device 20 is installed. Fig. 3B shows, two such support stamps 23a are vertically aligned on the side surface of the second sub-element 23.

[0064] The support rams 23b are arranged on the side surface opposite the support rams 23a and, like the support rams 23a, can move back and forth relative to the side wall T1a of the first tunnel T1. As with the support rams 23a, two of the support rams 23b are vertically aligned on the side surface of the second sub-element 23 on the side opposite the support rams 23a, as shown in the Fig. 3B and Fig. 3C.

[0065] That is, as in the Fig. 2, Fig. 3A, etc., when the tunneling auxiliary device 20 is secured in the first tunnel T1, the support jacks 23a and 23b move to the position projecting from one of the side surfaces, thereby pressing the other surface of the second sub-element 23 against the side wall T1a of the first tunnel T1. Consequently, the second sub-element 23 is held in a stationary state in the first tunnel T1.

[0066] How Fig. As shown in Fig. 3A, four of the running wheels 23c are arranged so that they can rest on the floor surface of the first tunnel T1 so that the second sub-element 23 (the tunneling auxiliary device 20) can travel through the tunnel.

[0067] The connecting element 23d is provided on the rear end surface of the second sub-element 23 and connects the tunneling auxiliary device 20 to a towing vehicle (not shown). Fixed state of the tunnel construction auxiliary device 20

[0068] As explained above, in this embodiment, the tunneling auxiliary device 20 is arranged on the side of the first tunnel T1 to provide a replacement surface for the side wall of the second tunnel T2 during the excavation of the second tunnel T2 which intersects with the existing first tunnel T1.

[0069] When the second tunnel T2 is excavated with the boring machine 10, excavation takes place while the grabs 12a are clamped against the sidewall T2a of the second tunnel T2, so that the replacement surface for the sidewall T2a, which is installed by the tunneling auxiliary device 20, is subjected to high pressure from the grabs 12a. The tunneling auxiliary device 20 must therefore withstand the pressure of the grabs 12a in the existing first tunnel T1.

[0070] In view of this, in the tunneling auxiliary device 20 in this embodiment, the support rams 22b and 23b project from a side surface of the first and second sub-elements 22 and 23 when pressure is applied by the grippers 12a of the boring machine 10, as shown in FIGS. Fig. 3A to 4B, so that the device does not move in the first tunnel T1.

[0071] As in Fig. 4A, the first and second sub-elements 22 and 23 consequently press against the side wall T1a of the first tunnel T1 on one side. For this reason, the entire tunneling auxiliary device 20 can be kept stationary so that it does not move in the first tunnel T1, even if pressure is exerted on the reaction force receiving surface 21b of the reaction force absorber 21 by the grippers 12a of the boring machine 10 during the excavation of the second tunnel T2.

[0072] Therefore, in this embodiment, one of the support rams is extended in the width direction of the first and second sub-elements 22 and 23, which is why the first and second sub-elements 22 and 23 are fixed with respect to the tunnel side wall. However, both support rams can also be extended in the width direction. Movable state of the tunnel construction auxiliary device 20

[0073] During the excavation work by means of the tunneling auxiliary device 20, for example, when a plurality of intersections of the first and second tunnels T1 and T2 are provided, the support rams 22b and 23b projecting from a side surface of the first and second sub-elements 22 and 23 are returned to their retracted position, which is shown in the Fig. 5A to 6B.

[0074] As in Fig. 5C etc., the tunneling auxiliary device 20 here has the running wheels 21c, 22c and 23c on the undersides of the reaction force absorber 21 and the first and second sub-elements 22 and 23.

[0075] Consequently, the connecting element 23d of the second sub-element 23 can be connected to a towing vehicle (not shown), whereby the tunneling auxiliary device 20 can be easily towed by the towing vehicle and relocated to another location within the first and second tunnels T1 and T2. As explained above, in this embodiment, the device is moved through the tunnel by the rolling motion of the running wheels 21c, 22c, and 23c on the undersides. However, sliders may instead be provided on the underside of the device so that the device is moved in a sliding manner.

[0076] Furthermore, curved sections, etc., must be passed in order to smoothly bring the tunneling auxiliary device 20 to the next intersection of the first and second tunnels T1 and T2.

[0077] As in Fig. Namely, as shown in Fig. 5Cc, in the tunnel construction auxiliary device 20 in this embodiment, the reaction force absorber 21 and the first and second divided members 22 and 23 can be divided and moved separately. Since the tunnel construction auxiliary device 20 adopts a structure in which the device is divided into a plurality of blocks (the reaction force absorber 21 and the first and second divided members 22 and 23), an effect of facilitating maneuvering around curves, etc. can be achieved. Since the device can be longer and still maneuver around curves, the surface pressure of the support members on the tunnel side walls can be reduced. Since the reaction force absorber 21 and the first and second divided members 22 and 23 are separated, tunnels with different crossing angles can be constructed by only changing the reaction force absorber 21. Effect of the tunnel construction aid device 20 (1) As in Fig. As shown in Fig. 2, when excavating the tunnel T2 intersecting the existing first tunnel T1, the tunneling auxiliary device 20 of this embodiment is installed on the first tunnel T1 side using the boring machine 10 to perform excavation while bracing the grabs 12a against the side wall T2a. The tunneling auxiliary device 20 includes the reaction force absorber 21 having a reaction force absorbing surface 21b serving as a substitute surface at the intersection between the first and second tunnels T1 and T2 where there is no side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2, and the first and second sub-elements 22 and 23, respectively, having support jacks 22a and 22b and support jacks 23a and 23b for supporting the reaction force absorber 21 so that it does not move through the first tunnel T1.

[0078] The reaction force absorption surface 21b, which serves as a replacement surface for the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2, can thus be installed at the intersection between the first and second tunnels T1 and T2. The excavation work using the boring machine 10 at the intersection of the first and second tunnels T1 and T2 can therefore be carried out more smoothly than before. The tunnel excavation time is therefore shorter, even when excavating a first and a second intersecting tunnel T1 and T2.

[0079] (2) In the tunneling auxiliary device 20 in this embodiment, all the traveling wheels 21c, 22c, and 23c are provided on the reaction force absorber 21 and the first and second split members 22 and 23 constituting the tunneling auxiliary device 20. Accordingly, the tunneling auxiliary device 20 can be towed by a towing vehicle (not shown) and thus freely moved through the first and second tunnels T1 and T2.

[0080] (3) As explained above, the tunneling auxiliary device 20 in this embodiment is configured such that the reaction force absorber 21 and the first and second divided members 22 and 23 are divided into three parts.

[0081] This division can be used to maneuver the tunneling auxiliary device 20 around curves in the tunnel comprising the first and second tunnels T1 and T2.

[0082] (4) The tunnel construction auxiliary device 20 in this embodiment includes the abrasive member 21d formed by spraying concrete or the like at least in a certain thickness on the portion of the reaction force absorber 21 facing the second tunnel T2.

[0083] Therefore, when the second tunnel T2 is excavated by the drilling machine 10, a part of the reaction force receiving surface 21b is excavated by the cutting head 11 at the distal end of the drilling machine 10 in a shape substantially similar to the shape of the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2. Therefore, during the subsequent excavation of the drilling machine 10, the grippers 12a can be brought into contact with the reaction force receiving surface 21b in a state the same as that of the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2. Therefore, there is no need to worry about precisely adjusting the angle of the reaction force receiving surface 21b or adapting the reaction force receiving surface 21b to the shape of the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2. Tunnel boring method

[0084] The tunnel boring method according to this embodiment will now be described with reference to Fig. 7A to 10B explained.

[0085] The procedure for tunneling using the boring machine 10 and the tunneling auxiliary device 20 in this embodiment is as follows.

[0086] As in Fig. 7A, a first excavation line L1 is first defined in step S1 in order to create three substantially parallel first tunnels T1 from two existing tunnels T0.

[0087] Then, as in Fig. 7B in step S2, the boring machine 10 follows a trailer 15 equipped with a power source or the like for the boring machine 10, and the boring machine 10 is moved by a towing vehicle to a position where an existing tunnel T0 branches off into a first tunnel T1.

[0088] At this point, a reaction force transducer 30 is installed for use at a corner in the section where the existing tunnel T0 branches into the first tunnel T1. Consequently, the boring machine 10 can continue to excavate the first tunnel T1 even at angled sections branching off from the first tunnel T1 while the grippers 12a remain in contact with the reaction force transducer 30.

[0089] Here, the reaction force receiving surface of the corner-use reaction force absorber 30 preferably has the same shape as the side wall T1a of the first tunnel T1. Alternatively, the cutting element 21d may be provided on the surface as in the above-described reaction force receiving surface 21b of the tunneling auxiliary device 20, and the cutting element may be given a shape that better fits the grippers 12a while the boring machine 10 is boring.

[0090] As in Fig. 8A, the boring machine 10 and the trailer 15 are then moved along the first excavation line L1 in step S3 while the boring machine 10 excavates solid rock, etc. This enables the formation of the first tunnel T1 at the desired location.

[0091] Then, when the excavation is completed up to the existing tunnel T0 formed at a remote position and the first tunnel T1 passes through the tunnel T0, the boring machine 10 and the trailer 15 are moved to step S4 shown in Fig. 8B, by the towing vehicle into the Fig. 7B shown starting position.

[0092] How Fig. As shown in Fig. 8A, the reaction force sensor 30 for use at a corner is arranged in the area where the first tunnel T1 reaches the tunnel T0, as in step S2.

[0093] As in Fig. 9A, in step S5 (first excavation step), the drilling machine 10 is again moved along the first excavation line L1 to drill a new first tunnel T1 which is substantially parallel to the drilled first tunnel T1.

[0094] As in Fig. 9B, then, in step S6 (first excavation step), the above-mentioned steps S3 to S5 are repeated to excavate three first tunnels T1 substantially parallel to each other, whereupon a second excavation line L2 is determined to form a plurality of second tunnels T2 crossing these three first tunnels T1.

[0095] As in Fig. As shown in Fig. 10A, in the subsequent step S7 (second excavation step), the boring machine 10 and the trailer 15 are moved along the first second excavation line L2 while the boring machine excavates solid rock, etc. Thereby, the second tunnel T2, which crosses the existing first tunnel T1, can be formed at the desired location.

[0096] At this point, two of the aforementioned auxiliary tunneling devices 20 are installed on the side of the first tunnel T1 in the area where the existing first tunnel T1 and the second tunneling line L2 intersect, flanking the aforementioned intersection. Also, the aforementioned corner-use reaction force transducers 30 are installed in each of the areas where the first tunnel T1 branches into the second tunnel T2 and where the tunnels converge.

[0097] As in Fig. 10B, in the subsequent step S8, the drilling machine 10 moves along the second excavation line L2 passing through the intersection of the first and second tunnels T1 and T2, and drills to the mouth of the existing first tunnel T1.

[0098] After the boring machine 10 passes the intersection where the tunneling auxiliary device 20 is installed, the tunneling auxiliary device 20 is towed by a towing vehicle or the like and moved to the intersection between the first and second tunnels T1 and T2, which is passed by the boring machine 10 (moving step).

[0099] The remaining steps of the excavation of the second tunnel T2 are not explained here.

[0100] Effect of this tunnel boring method (1) As in the Fig. 7A to 10B, the tunnel excavation method of this embodiment includes a step of excavating three tunnels T1 substantially parallel to each other (first excavation step) and a step of excavating second tunnels T2 crossing the first tunnels T1 (second excavation step), using the boring machine 10 which performs excavation in a state where the grippers 12a are clamped against the tunnel side walls.

[0101] When excavating a tunnel that contains sections in which a plurality of tunnels branch off and merge, the boring machine 10 only needs to be moved in a substantially straight line, so that tunnel excavation takes less time than before.

[0102] (2) In the tunnel excavation method of this embodiment, the tunneling auxiliary device 20 including the reaction force absorber 21 constituting a substitute surface for the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2 is disposed in the region where the first and second tunnels T1 and T2 cross in the step of excavating the second tunnel T2 crossing the existing first tunnel T1.

[0103] The reaction force-absorbing surface 21b, which becomes the substitute surface, can therefore be arranged in the area of ​​the second tunnel T2 where there is no side wall T2a, which is the case at the intersection of the first tunnel T1 and the second tunnel T2. This allows the work of excavating a tunnel with multiple tunnel intersections to be carried out more efficiently and in a shorter time than before.

[0104] (3) In the tunnel excavation method in this embodiment, when excavating a tunnel in which a plurality of intersections are formed between the first and second tunnels T1 and T2, once the boring machine 10 passes an intersection at which the tunnel excavation auxiliary device 20 is installed, the tunneling auxiliary device 20 is moved to the intersection passed by the boring machine 10.

[0105] Therefore, even if there are a large number of intersections of the first and second tunnels T1 and T2, the excavation by the boring machine 10 can still be carried out smoothly, making it possible to complete the tunnel construction work in a shorter time than before.

[0106] (4) In the tunnel excavation method of this embodiment, the reaction force absorber 30 is provided for use in corners at the positions where sections branch from the tunnel T0 and open into the tunnel T1, or at the positions where sections branch from the first tunnel T1 and open into the second tunnel T2.

[0107] The boring machine 10 can therefore even move in sections of the tunnels that branch off and merge. Tunnel construction work can therefore be completed in a shorter time than before. Further embodiments

[0108] An embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited or restricted to the above embodiment, but allows various modifications within its scope. (A) In the above embodiment, an example was described in which the cutting member 21d made of concrete or the like is provided on the reaction force receiving surface 21b of the reaction force absorber 21 of the tunneling auxiliary device 20, and the boring machine 10 cuts this cutting member 21d during excavation in the tunnel T2. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

[0109] For example in Fig. 11, a tunneling auxiliary device 120 may include a reaction force absorber 121 equipped with an angle adjusting mechanism 122 that adjusts the angle of the reaction receiving surface formed to match the shape of the side wall of the tunnel T2 being excavated.

[0110] As especially in Fig. 11, the tunneling auxiliary device 120 specifically includes the reaction force absorber 121 having the angle adjustment mechanism 122, a first absorber 123, and a second absorber 124. As in Embodiment 1, the first and second sub-elements 22 and 23 are connected to each other on the side of the reaction force absorber 121 opposite the excavation side.

[0111] How Fig. As shown in Fig. 11, the angle adjustment mechanism 122 has a support rod 122a, a rotating shaft 122b, and a rotating shaft 122c.

[0112] The support ram 122a extends and retracts to adjust the angle of the reaction force receiving surfaces 123a and 124a, which serve as replacement surfaces for the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2.

[0113] The rotating shafts 122b and 122c are provided at the two ends of the supporting ram 122a, and when the supporting ram 122a is extended or retracted, the first and second receivers 123 and 124 are rotated to adjust the angle of the reaction force receiving surfaces 123a and 124a serving as substitute surfaces for the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2.

[0114] The first transducer 123 has the force receiving surface (replacement surface) 123a and a support stamp 123b.

[0115] The reaction force absorption surface 123a forms part of the replacement surface for the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2.

[0116] The support ram 123b is provided such that it can move back and forth with respect to the side wall T1a of the first tunnel T1 to arrange the reaction force receiving surface 123a as a substitute surface for the side wall T2a in the area where there is no side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2, which is the case at the intersection between the first tunnel T1 and the second tunnel T2.

[0117] When the tunneling auxiliary device 20 is moved through the tunnel, the reaction force receiving surface 123a can be brought into its retracted position by retracting the support ram 123b.

[0118] The second sensor 124 has a reaction force receiving surface (equivalent surface) 124a and a rotary shaft 124b.

[0119] The reaction force absorption surface 124a together with the reaction force absorption surface 123a of the first sensor 123 forms the replacement surface for the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2.

[0120] The rotary shaft 124b serves as a rotation center around which the reaction force receiving surface 124a is rotated when the support piston 122a of the angle adjustment mechanism 122 is extended and retracted.

[0121] As in Fig. 12a, in the tunneling auxiliary device 20, due to the above-described construction, the support ram 122a of the angle adjusting mechanism 122 can be retracted from its initial position to adjust the angle of the reaction force receiving surfaces 123a and 124a of the first and second reaction receiving surfaces 123 and 124 to a position that is recessed with respect to the reference plane.

[0122] As in Fig. 12B, the support plunger 122a of the angle adjusting mechanism 122 can be extended from its initial position to adjust the angle of the reaction receiving surfaces 123a and 124a of the first and second reaction receiving surfaces 123 and 124 to a position projecting with respect to the reference plane.

[0123] Even if no abrasive element formed by spraying concrete or the like onto the surface of the reaction force receiving surfaces 123a and 124a is provided, the angle of the reaction force receiving surfaces 123a and 124a can still be appropriately adjusted so that it is adapted to the shape of the side wall T2a of the second tunnel T2.

[0124] (B) In the above embodiment, an example was given in which the connecting member 23d is provided on the second sub-member 23 of the tunneling auxiliary device 20, and the connecting member 23d is connected to a towing vehicle that enables the tunneling auxiliary device 20 to move through the tunnel. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

[0125] For example in Fig. 13, a self-propelled tunneling auxiliary device 220 may include a prime mover 121 installed in the reaction force receiver 21 so that a rotational driving force is applied to the traveling wheels 21c.

[0126] Since the tunnel construction auxiliary device 220 can be moved freely, the construction work for a tunnel containing sections in which a plurality of tunnels intersect can be carried out in a shorter time than before.

[0127] The installation location of the drive machine 221 is not limited to the reaction force transducer 21 and may instead be provided in the first and second sub-elements 22 and 23.

[0128] The power source for rotating the wheels is not limited to a prime mover and can instead be a battery-powered motor, etc.

[0129] (C) In the above embodiment, an example of a tunnel excavation method in which second tunnels T2 crossing three first tunnels T1 are excavated was given. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

[0130] For example, the number of existing first tunnels T1 that were excavated before drilling the second tunnels T2 may be four or more.

[0131] As explained above, the first and second tunnels T1 and T2, which contain intersecting sections, can again be excavated efficiently and in a shorter time than before.

[0132] (D) In ​​the above embodiment, an example was given in which the tunneling auxiliary device 20 has a structure in which the reaction force absorber 21 and the first and second divided members 22 and 23 are divided into three parts. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

[0133] For example, the tunneling auxiliary device 20 may be configured as a unit.

[0134] If the split construction is used, it can be divided into two, four or more parts. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

[0135] The tunneling auxiliary device according to the invention is effective in preventing a reduction in the efficiency of a boring machine, even when the boring machine is used to create tunnel crossings. The tunneling auxiliary device according to the invention is thus suitable for widespread use in tunnel construction projects using boring machines. LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS 10 Drill 11 Cutting head 11a Cutting disc 12 Gripper fastening element 12a gripper 13 printing stamps 14 Support element 15 followers 20 Tunnel construction auxiliary device 21 reaction force transducers 21a Support stamp 21b Reaction force absorption surface (replacement surface) 21c Wheel (driving element) 21d removal element 22 first sub-element 22a Support stamp (support element) 22b Support stamp (support element) 22c wheel 23 second sub-element 23a Support stamp (support element) 23b Support stamp (support element) 23c wheel 23d connecting element 30 reaction force sensors for use in corners 120 Tunnelling Auxiliary Device 121 reaction force transducer 122 Angle adjustment mechanism 122a Support stamp 122b rotating shaft 122c rotating shaft 123 first pickup 123a Reaction force absorption surface (replacement surface) 123b Support stamp 124 second sensor 124a Reaction force absorption surface (replacement surface) 124b rotating shaft 220 Tunnelling Auxiliary Device 221 drive machine L1 first tunneling line L2 second tunneling line T0 Tunnel T1 first tunnel T1a side wall T2 second tunnel T2a side wall

Claims

[1] A tunnelling auxiliary device (20, 120, 220) which is installed in an already excavated first tunnel (T1) for assisting in excavation with a boring machine (10) which carries out the excavation by means of a rotating cutting head (11) while a gripper (12a) is pressed against a side wall (T1a, T2a) when the boring machine (10) is used to excavate a second tunnel (T2) intersecting the first tunnel (T1), the tunnelling auxiliary device (20, 120, 220) comprising: a reaction force transducer (21, 30, 121) forming a replacement surface for the side wall (T2a) of the second tunnel (T2) on the side of the first tunnel (T1) at the point where the first and second tunnels (T1, T2) intersect when excavating the second tunnel (T2) by means of the drilling machine (10), the gripper (12a) of the drilling machine (10) pressing against the replacement surface; and a support member having a first support ram (22a, 23a) and a second support ram (22b, 23b) opposite the first support ram (22a, 23a), wherein the support rams (22a, 22b, 23a, 23b) can move back and forth with respect to the side wall (T1a), and wherein the support member is installed such that it presses against the side wall (T1a) of the first tunnel (T1), supports the reaction force transducer (21, 30, 121) in the first tunnel (T1) and can move back and forth with respect to the side wall (T1a) of the first tunnel (T1). [2] A tunnel construction auxiliary device (20, 120, 220) according to claim 1, further comprising a traveling member for traveling in the first and second tunnels (T1, T2). [3] Tunnel construction auxiliary device (20, 120, 220) according to claim 2, wherein the traveling element has running wheels (21c, 22c, 23c) and a drive machine (221) or a battery as a drive source for rotating the running wheels (21c, 22c, 23c). [4] A tunnel construction auxiliary device (20, 120, 220) according to claim 2, wherein the traveling member has running wheels (21c, 22c, 23c) and connecting members (23d) connected to a towing vehicle capable of traveling through the first and second tunnels (T1, T2). [5] Tunneling auxiliary device (20, 120, 220) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the support elements are divisible into a plurality of elements. [6] Tunneling auxiliary device (20, 120, 220) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reaction force absorber (21, 30, 121) is provided on the replacement surface and has an excavation area that can be excavated by the drilling machine (10). [7] Tunneling auxiliary device (20, 120, 220) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reaction force transducer (21, 30, 121) has an angle adjusting mechanism (122) for adjusting the angle of the replacement surface. [8] Tunnelling auxiliary device (20, 120, 220) for use in a tunnel (T1), comprising: a moving element that allows relocation; a support element with a first support stamp (22a, 23a) and a second support stamp (22b, 23b) opposite the first support stamp (22a, 23a), wherein at least one of the support stamps (22a, 22b, 23a, 23b) presses against the side wall (T1a) of the tunnel (T1) and allows fixation in the tunnel (T1); and a reaction force absorber (21, 30, 121) arranged at a first end of the support member in a direction not crossing the side wall (T1a) of the tunnel (T1) and having a surface extending in a direction crossing the side wall (T1a) of the tunnel (T1).

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