DISPLAY DEVICE AND DISPLAY PANEL

Abstract

A display device and a display panel are provided, the display device comprising: a base substrate; at least one light-emitting unit located on the base substrate and having a first electrode, a second electrode, and a light-emitting layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode being located between the light-emitting layer and the base substrate; an encapsulation layer covering the at least one light-emitting unit; at least one lens located on a side of the encapsulation layer facing away from the base substrate, each corresponding to the at least one light-emitting unit;wherein the lens has a first section and a second section surrounding the first section, wherein an outer surface of the first section has a first curvature and an outer surface of the second section has a second curvature, the first curvature being smaller than the second curvature.

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology and in particular to a display device and a display panel. State of the art

[0002] The light-emitting device (LED) is a crucial component in a microdisplay. Among the parameters used to evaluate a microdisplay, the brightness of the LED can be used as an important indicator. To achieve higher display brightness, a lensing process is added to the LED to focus the light and improve brightness. While lensing improves the device's brightness, it often comes at the cost of some reduction in viewing angle. Disclosure of the invention

[0003] Embodiments of the invention provide a display device and a display panel.

[0004] One aspect of the invention relates to a display device comprising: a base substrate; at least one light-emitting unit located on the base substrate; an encapsulation layer covering the at least one light-emitting unit; a first flat layer located on a side of the encapsulation layer facing away from the base substrate; a color filter layer located on a side of the first flat layer facing away from the base substrate; a second flat layer located on a side of the color filter layer facing away from the base substrate; at least one lens located on a side of the second flat layer facing away from the base substrate and corresponding one-to-one to the at least one light-emitting unit;wherein the lens has a first section and a second section surrounding the first section, wherein an outer surface of the first section has a first curvature and an outer surface of the second section has a second curvature, the first curvature being smaller than the second curvature.

[0005] For example, a projection of the first section on the base substrate is located inside a projection of a bottom of the lens on the base substrate, and a projection of the second section on the base substrate is located outside a projection of a bottom of the lens on the base substrate.

[0006] For example, the lens has a first dimension in a direction parallel to the base substrate and a second dimension in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, and a ratio between the first dimension and the second dimension is in the range of 1.5-2.

[0007] For example, the lens dimension in a direction parallel to the base substrate is in the range of 2200 nm - 2600 nm and the lens dimension in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate is in the range of 1200 nm - 1500 nm.

[0008] For example, the surface inclination of the first section of the lens is in the range of 25 degrees to 35 degrees and the surface inclination of the second section of the lens is in the range of 85 degrees to 95 degrees, such that the first curvature is smaller than the second curvature, where the surface inclination of the first section is the angle of the surface tangent of the first section at half height in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate relative to a first direction, and the surface inclination of the second section is the angle of the surface tangent of the second section at half height in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate relative to the first direction, and the first direction is a direction parallel to the base substrate.

[0009] For example, at a position where the second section touches the second flat layer, the angle between an outer surface of the second section and an outer surface of the second flat layer is in a range of 43 degrees to 47 degrees.

[0010] For example, in a direction perpendicular to and away from the base substrate, a lens-covered surface of the second flat layer is higher than a lens-uncovered surface of the second flat layer, so that a lens-uncovered area of ​​the second flat layer forms a protrusion.

[0011] For example, the lens has a first projection on the base substrate, the underside of the lens has a second projection on the base substrate, and the distance between the outer edge of the first projection and the outer edge of the second projection is greater than the height of the projection.

[0012] For example, the display device comprises multiple light-emitting units and multiple lenses that correspond one-to-one to the multiple light-emitting units, wherein the minimum distance between adjacent lenses is in the range of 450 nm-600 nm and the minimum distance between the lower outer edges of adjacent lenses is in the range of 680 nm-840 nm.

[0013] For example, the color filter layer comprises a first color filter, a second color filter, and a third color filter; the multiple light-emitting units comprise a first light-emitting unit, a second light-emitting unit, and a third light-emitting unit, each located on a side of the first color filter, the second color filter, and the third color filter facing the base substrate, respectively; the multiple lenses comprise a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens, each located on a side of the first color filter, the second color filter, and the third color filter facing away from the base substrate, respectively; wherein the first color filter is formed downstream of the second color filter and the third color filter, and the first color filter is adjacent to the second color filter or the third color filter and covers a portion of the second color filter or the third color filter;wherein the minimum distance between the first lens and the second or third lens adjacent to the first lens is less than the minimum distance between the adjacent second lens and the third lens.

[0014] For example, the minimum distance between the first lens and the second or third lens adjacent to the first lens is in a range of 535 nm to 545 nm, and the minimum distance between adjacent second and third lenses is in a range of 545 nm to 555 nm.

[0015] For example, the first color filter borders the second color filter and covers a section of the second color filter, and the third color filter borders the second color filter and covers a section of the second color filter; the thickness of a first overlap section in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate is greater than the thickness of a second overlap section in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, where the first overlap section is the section of the first color filter that covers the second color filter, and the second overlap section is the section of the third color filter that covers the second color filter.

[0016] For example, each lens has a first projection on the base substrate and the underside of the lens has a second projection on the base substrate; the distance between the outer edges of the first projection and the second projection of each lens is less than the thickness of the first overlap section of the first color filter in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate.

[0017] For example, the distance between the outer edges of the first projection and the second projection of the first lens is greater than the distance between the outer edges of the first projection and the second projection of the second lens or the third lens.

[0018] For example, a surface inclination of the first section of the first lens is smaller than a surface inclination of the first section of the second lens or the third lens, where the surface inclination of the first section is an angle of a surface tangent of the first section at half height in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate relative to the first direction.

[0019] For example, the second flat layer forms a first projection in an area that lies between the first lens and the second lens and is not covered by the first lens and the second lens, and the second flat layer forms a second projection in an area that lies between the second lens and the third lens and is not covered by the second lens and the third lens, wherein in a direction perpendicular to and away from the base substrate, the first projection is higher than the second projection.

[0020] For example, the curvature of the first projection is greater than the first curvature and smaller than the second curvature.

[0021] For example, the curvature of the first projection is greater than the curvature of a surface of the first overlap section facing away from the base substrate.

[0022] For example, the curvature of the second projection is smaller than the curvature of a surface of the second overlap section facing away from the base substrate.

[0023] For example, the first color filter is a green color filter; one of the second and third color filters is a red color filter and the other is a blue color filter.

[0024] For example, the light-emitting unit has a first electrode, a second electrode and a light-emitting layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, with the first electrode being located between the light-emitting layer and the base substrate.

[0025] For example, the display device also includes: a pixel definition layer located between the base substrate and the light-emitting layer, covering the edges of the anode of individual light-emitting units.

[0026] One embodiment of the invention further provides a display panel comprising a display device mentioned above. Brief description of the drawings

[0027] Further tasks and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following description of the invention with reference to the figures and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the invention. The figures show: Fig. 1 a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device; Fig. 2A a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2B a partially enlarged view of the display device of Fig. 2A; Fig. 3 a partially enlarged view of a cross-section of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4 a top view of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 5 a flowchart of a manufacturing process of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 6A to 6E schematic representations of a manufacturing process of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 7A A schematic diagram of the light emission and the area of ​​maximum brightness of a display panel, wherein the display panel is the display device of Fig. 1 includes; Fig. Figure 7B is a schematic diagram of the light emission and the area of ​​maximum brightness of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein the display panel comprises the display device according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0028] It should be noted that in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the invention, the dimensions of the layers, structures or areas may be enlarged or reduced for the sake of clarity, i.e., these drawings are not to scale. Embodiments of the invention

[0029] To clarify the tasks, the technical solution, and the advantages of the embodiments of the invention, the technical solution of the embodiments of the invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the figures. Naturally, the described embodiments represent only a subset of the embodiments of the invention and not all of them. Based on the described embodiments of the invention, all other embodiments that are achievable by those skilled in the art without creative effort fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the dimensions and relative dimensions of elements in the figures may be enlarged for the purposes of clarity and / or description. Therefore, the dimensions and relative dimensions of individual elements are not necessarily limited to those shown in the figures. In the description and the figures, identical or similar reference symbols indicate identical or similar components.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the general meaning understood by a person skilled in the art. The terms “first”, “second”, and the like, used in this disclosure, do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are used only to distinguish different components. Words such as “comprise” or “contain” mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their comparables, but do not exclude other elements or objects.

[0032] Unless expressly stated otherwise, directional terms such as "top," "bottom," "left," "right," "inside," "outside," etc., are used in this text to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the figures depicted in the drawings and serve only to simplify the description of this disclosure. They do not mean or imply that the device, element, or component mentioned must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, or function in a particular way. It is understood that if the absolute positions of the described objects change, the relative positional relationships they represent may also change accordingly. Therefore, these directional terms should not be interpreted as limiting this disclosure.

[0033] It should be noted that in this text, "the same layer" refers to a layer structure formed by the same film formation process to create a film layer for forming a specific pattern, and then by patterning this film layer using the same mask with a single composition process. Depending on the specific pattern, the single composition process may involve multiple exposure, development, or etching processes, and the specific pattern in the formed layer structure may be continuous or discontinuous. That is, multiple elements, components, structures, and / or parts located on "the same layer" are made of the same material and formed by the same composition process. Typically, multiple elements, components, structures, and / or parts on "the same layer" have approximately the same thickness.

[0034] It should be clear to the person skilled in the art that, unless otherwise stated, in this text the term ‘height’ or ‘thickness’ refers to the dimension of the surface of individual film layers provided perpendicular to the display substrate, i.e. the dimension along the light output direction of the display substrate or the dimension along the normal direction of the display device.

[0035] In this text, the directional terms "first direction" and "second direction" are used to describe different directions along the pixel unit, for example, the longitudinal and transverse directions of the pixel unit or the row and column directions of the subpixel arrangement. It is understood that such representations are merely exemplary descriptions and do not constitute limitations of the invention.

[0036] Fig. Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a display device. Generally, the brightness of display devices can be increased by a factor of 1.2 to 1.8 through the use of lens technology. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 1, the lens curvature is generally uniform and relatively steep, and light at the edge of the lens does not pass through it. The area of ​​maximum brightness extends from point d. In lens technology, the scattered light around the pixels converges strongly towards the center of the pixel, and the viewing angle narrows accordingly. Therefore, while the brightness of the device is increased by the lens, this often comes at the cost of some loss of the viewing angle. The distance between the lenses is limited by the device's exposure limit (e.g., approximately 0.6 µm to 0.8 µm), and some of the light in the space between the lenses cannot effectively pass through them, preventing the gain from reaching its maximum (e.g., the lens gain may only reach 1.4 to 1.5 times).

[0037] In view of this, one embodiment of the invention provides a flat lens, wherein the hot melting process of the lens is adapted based on the exposure limit of the device (0.6 µm to 0.8 µm) in order to further reduce the distance between the lenses and thus maximize the collection of scattered light around the pixels, thereby further improving the light effect and increasing the brightness; on the other hand, the coverage area of ​​the brightness in the central area can also be controlled and extended, thereby increasing the brightness of the device and simultaneously increasing the brightness viewing angle of the product.

[0038] In particular, the display device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a base substrate; at least one light-emitting unit located on the base substrate; an encapsulation layer covering at least the light-emitting unit; a first flat layer located on a side of the encapsulation layer facing away from the base substrate; a color filter layer located on a side of the first flat layer facing away from the base substrate; a second flat layer located on a side of the color filter layer facing away from the base substrate; and at least one lens located on a side of the second flat layer facing away from the base substrate and corresponding one-to-one to the at least one light-emitting unit.wherein the lens has a first section and a second section surrounding the first section, wherein an outer surface of the first section has a first curvature and an outer surface of the second section has a second curvature, the first curvature being smaller than the second curvature.

[0039] Fig. Figure 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a substructure of the display device of Fig. 2A.

[0040] As in Fig. 2A and Fig. As shown in Figure 2B, the display device 200 can comprise a base substrate 201, at least one light-emitting unit 202, an encapsulation layer 203, a first flat layer 204, a color filter layer 205, a second flat layer 206, and at least one lens 207. In some embodiments, the base substrate 201 can consist of a single-crystal silicon wafer.

[0041] The at least one light-emitting unit 202 is located on the base substrate 201. The encapsulation layer 203 covers the at least one light-emitting unit 202. The first flat layer 204 is located on a side of the packaging layer 203 facing away from the base substrate 201. The color filter layer 205 is located on a side of the first flat layer 204 facing away from the base substrate 201. The second flat layer 206 is located on a side of the color filter layer 205 facing away from the base substrate 201. At least one lens 207 is located on a side of the second flat layer 206 facing away from the base substrate 201 and corresponds one-to-one to the at least one light-emitting unit 202.According to one embodiment of the invention, the light-emitting unit 202 can comprise a first electrode 2021, a second electrode 2023, and a light-emitting layer 2022 located between the first electrode 2021 and the second electrode 2023. The first electrode 2021 can be located between the light-emitting layer 2022 and the base substrate 201. The first electrode 2021 can serve as the anode, and the second electrode 2023 can serve as the cathode. The anode can supply holes, and the cathode can supply electrons. The holes and electrons can combine in the light-emitting layer to form excitons. The excitons excite the light-emitting layer to emit light, thus enabling the light emission of the display device. According to one embodiment of the invention, a pixel definition layer 208 can also be arranged between the base substrate 201 and the light-emitting layer 2022.The pixel definition layer 208 covers the edge of the anode of individual light-emitting units 202. The pixel definition layer 208 is used to define a plurality of light-emitting units 202 in the display device.

[0042] In the Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B The at least one lens 207 can comprise a first lens 2071, a second lens 2072, and a third lens 2073. Each lens 207 can have a first section and a second section surrounding the first section, wherein an outer surface of the first section has a first curvature and an outer surface of the second section has a second curvature, the first curvature being less than the second curvature. Let us take the first lens 2071 as an example. The first lens 2071 has a first section 20711 and a second section 20712 surrounding the first section 20711, wherein the outer surface of the first section 20711 (i.e., the top surface of the lens) has a first curvature and the outer surface of the second section 20712 (i.e., the side surface of the lens) has a second curvature, the first curvature being less than the second curvature.The division of the first and second sections of the lens can be determined by the projection of the underside of the lens onto the base substrate 201. For example, using the first lens 2071 as an example, the projection of the first section 20711 of the lens 2071 onto the base substrate 201 may lie within the projection of the underside of the lens 2071 onto the base substrate 201, and the projection of the second section 20712 of the lens 2071 onto the base substrate 201 may lie outside the projection of the underside of the lens 2071 onto the base substrate 201. For example, the cross-section of the lens may have a shape similar to an ellipse, the underside of which is truncated along the principal axis. As in . Fig. As shown in Figure 2B, the lens has a first dimension L1 in a direction parallel to the base substrate 201 and a second dimension L2 in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate 201. The ratio between the first dimension L1 and the second dimension L2 can be in the range of 1.5–2. For example, the first dimension L1 can be in the range of 2200 nm–2600 nm, for example 2460 nm–2470 nm; the second dimension L2 can be in the range of 1200 nm–1500 nm, for example 1330 nm–1340 nm.According to one embodiment of the invention, by setting the first curvature smaller than the second curvature, a relatively flat lens is achieved and the distance between the lenses is smaller (it can, for example, be in the range of 0.2 µm to 0.5 µm), which allows the light passing through the space between the lenses to be focused to the maximum extent, thereby maximizing the gain of the lens (the lens gain can reach 1.6 to 1.8 times), thereby increasing the brightness of the display device.

[0043] In some embodiments, the surface inclination of the first section of the lens is in the range of 25 degrees to 35 degrees, and the surface inclination of the second section of the lens is in the range of 85 degrees to 95 degrees, such that the first curvature is less than the second curvature. The surface inclination of the first section is defined as the angle between the surface tangent of the first section at mid-height in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate and the first direction, and the surface inclination of the second section is defined as the angle between the surface tangent of the second section at mid-height in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate and the first direction, where the first direction is a direction parallel to the base substrate.Using the example of the first lens 2071, the angle α of the surface tangent of the first section 20711 of the first lens 2071 at mid-height in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate relative to the first direction is in the range of 25 degrees to 35 degrees, and the angle β of the surface tangent of the second section 20712 of the first lens 2071 at mid-height in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate relative to the first direction is in the range of 85 degrees to 95 degrees, and can therefore be approximately 90 degrees, for example. In some embodiments, at the position where the second section of each lens touches the second flat layer 206, there is an angle θ between the outer surface of the second section (such as the second section 20712 in ). Fig. 2B) and the outer surface of the second flat layer 206 in the range of 43 degrees to 47 degrees and can, for example, be approximately 45 degrees. The structural parameters of the second lens 2072 and the third lens 2073 also correspond to the above description and are not repeated here.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as in the Fig. 2A and Fig. As shown in Figure 2B, the display device 200 can comprise a plurality of light-emitting units 202 and a plurality of lenses 207, which correspond one-to-one to the multiple light-emitting units 202, such as a first light-emitting unit 2024, a second light-emitting unit 2025, and a third light-emitting unit 2026, and a first lens 2071, a second lens 2072, and a third lens 2073, each corresponding one-to-one to the light-emitting units mentioned above. The minimum distance D between adjacent lenses can be in the range of 450 nm to 600 nm, and the minimum distance G between the outer edges of the undersides of adjacent lenses can be in the range of 680 nm to 840 nm.

[0045] The color filter layer 205 can comprise a first color filter 2051, a second color filter 2052, and a third color filter 2053. The plurality of light-emitting units 202 can comprise a first light-emitting unit 2024, a second light-emitting unit 2025, and a third light-emitting unit 2026, each located on the side of the first color filter 2051, the second color filter 2052, and the third color filter 2053 facing the base substrate 201, respectively. The plurality of lenses 207 can comprise a first lens 2071, a second lens 2072, and a third lens 2073, each located on the side of the first color filter 2051, the second color filter 2052, and the third color filter 2053 facing away from the base substrate 201.The first color filter 2051 can be formed after the second color filter 2052 and the third color filter 2053, and the first color filter 2051 borders the second color filter 2052 or the third color filter 2053 and covers a section of the second color filter 2052 or the third color filter 2053. According to one embodiment of the invention, the first color filter 2051 can be a green color filter; one of the second color filters 2052 and the third color filter 2053 can be a red color filter, and the other can be a blue color filter. Using green, red, and blue color filters, the display device can emit green, red, and blue light, respectively. According to the embodiment of the invention, the main material composition structure of the color filter layer 205 comprises a glass substrate, a black matrix BM, a color layer RGB, a protective layer OC, a conductive ITO film, a column-shaped spacer and the like.The compositional structure of the 205 color filter layer can vary slightly depending on the display mode. For example, the RGB arrangement of the color layer can be subdivided into a stripe arrangement, a dot arrangement, a triangular arrangement, a mosaic arrangement, or other specific pattern arrangements (such as similar portraits or animal patterns). Stripe and dot arrangements are generally used for large-format, high-precision products. Triangular and mosaic arrangements are generally used for small, low-precision products. Chromaticity and transmittance are the two most important optical properties of the color filter layer, which depend primarily on the material of the RGB color layer.

[0046] Fig. Figure 3 is a partially enlarged view of a cross-section of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0047] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 3, the color filter layer can comprise a first color filter 2051, a second color filter 2052, and a third color filter 2054, each arranged on the side of the three light-emitting units facing away from the base substrate, such that the light produced by the three light-emitting units has different colors after passing through the color filters. The first lens 2071, the second lens 2072, and the third lens 2073 are each arranged on the side of the first color filter 2051, the second color filter 2052, and the third color filter 2054 facing away from the base substrate, in order to focus the light emitted by the first to third light-emitting units and passing through the respective color filters.In some embodiments, the first color filter 2051, the second color filter 2052, and the third color filter 2053 can be formed sequentially, and the color filter formed later can cover a section of the color filter formed earlier. For example, the first color filter 2051 can be the last color filter formed and cover a section of the second color filter 2052 or the third color filter 2053 adjacent to it, for example, a section of the second color filter 2052 adjacent to it, in . Fig. 3. One of the second color filters 2052 and the third color filter 2053 can cover a section of the other. For example, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 3, the third color filter 2053 covers a section of the second color filter 2052. The section of the first color filter 2051 that covers the second color filter 2052 or the third color filter 2053 (in Figure 3) Fig. 3. The section of the first color filter 2051 that covers the second color filter 2052 can be called the first overlap section 20511, and the section of the third color filter 2053 that covers the second color filter 2052 can be called the second overlap section 20531. The first color filter 2051 can be a green color filter, and the second color filter 2052 and the third color filter 2053 can be a red color filter and a blue color filter, respectively, or vice versa. In some embodiments, in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate 201, a thickness D3 of the first overlap section 20511 is greater than a thickness D4 of the second overlap section 20531.

[0048] As in Fig. Figure 3 shows that, in a direction perpendicular to and away from the base substrate, the surface of the second flat layer 206 covered by lenses 2071, 2072, and 2073 is higher than the surface of the second flat layer 206 not covered by lenses 2071, 2072, and 2073, such that the area of ​​the second flat layer 206 not covered by the lenses forms a projection. According to one embodiment of the invention, the second flat layer 206 forms a first projection 2091 in an area located between the first lens 2071 and the second lens 2072 and not covered by the first lens 2071 and the second lens 2072, and the second flat layer 206 forms a second projection 2092 in an area located between the second lens 2072 and the third lens 2073 and not covered by the second lens 2072 and the third lens 2073.In a direction perpendicular to and away from the base substrate 201, the first projection 2091 is higher than the second projection 2092. For example, the height H1 of the first projection 2091 can be greater than the height H2 of the second projection 2092. The height of the projection is defined here by the distance between the surface of the second planar layer 206 not covered by the lens and the surface of the second planar layer 206 covered by the lens. For example, in . Fig. 3. The height H1 of the first projection 2091 is the height of the upper surface of the first projection 2091 relative to the surface of the second flat layer 206, which is covered by the lenses 2071, 2072, and 2073. The height H2 of the second projection 2092 is the height of the upper surface of the second projection 2092 relative to the surface of the second flat layer 206, which is covered by the lenses 2071, 2072, and 2073. According to one embodiment of the invention, the curvature of the first projection 2091 can be greater than the first curvature and less than the second curvature. According to one embodiment of the invention, the curvature of the first projection 2091 can be greater than the curvature of the surface of the first overlap section 20511 away from the base substrate 201. According to one embodiment of the invention, the curvature of the second projection 2092 is smaller than the curvature of the surface of the second overlap section 20531 away from the base substrate 201.

[0049] In some embodiments, such as in Fig. Figure 3 shows a minimum distance D1 between a first lens 2071 located above the first color filter 2051 and a second lens or a third lens adjacent to the first lens (the second lens 2072 in Fig. 3), less than a minimum distance D2 between the adjacent second lens 2072 and third lens 2073. In some embodiments, D1, the minimum distance between adjacent lenses, can denote the distance between the two points on the outer surfaces of adjacent lenses that are closest to each other. For example, in the cross-sectional view of Fig. 3 Each lens has two points that are furthest apart in a direction parallel to the base substrate and are called vertices. The minimum distance between adjacent lenses can refer to the distance between adjacent vertices of two lenses. In some embodiments, the minimum distance D1 is between the first lens 2071 and the second or third lens adjacent to the first lens (the second lens 2072 in Fig. 3) in the range of 535 nm to 545 nm, for example at 539 nm; the minimum distance D2 between the adjacent second lens 2072 and the third lens 2073 is in the range of 545 nm to 555 nm, for example at 548 nm.

[0050] According to one embodiment of the invention, the lens has a first projection on the base substrate, the underside of the lens has a second projection on the base substrate, and the distance between the outer edge of the first projection and the outer edge of the second projection is greater than the height of the projection. For example, the distance ΔD1 between the outer edges of the first and second projections of the first lens 2071 and the distance ΔD2 between the outer edges of the first and second projections of the second lens 2071 can both be greater than the heights of the first projection 2091 and the second projection 2092, for example, greater than the higher height H1. In some embodiments, a distance ΔD1 between the outer edges of the first and second projections of the first lens 2071 is greater than a distance ΔD2 between the outer edges of the first and second projections of the second lens 2071.

[0051] In some embodiments, a surface inclination α1 of a first section of the first lens 2071 is smaller than a surface inclination α2 of a first section of the second lens 2072 or the third lens 2073.

[0052] In some embodiments, the distance between the first projection and the second projection of each lens is smaller than the thickness of each overlapping section of the color filter, for example, smaller than the thickness D3 of the thicker first overlapping section 20511. For example, the distance ΔD1 between the outer edges of the first and second projections of the first lens 2071 and the distance ΔD2 between the outer edges of the first and second projections of the second lens 2072 and the third lens 2073, respectively, may be smaller than the thickness D3 of the first overlapping section 20511 of the first color filter 2051 in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate 201.

[0053] According to embodiments of the invention, during white balance, the brightness requirement for light of the color corresponding to the first color filter (e.g., green) is significantly higher than for light of other colors. Therefore, the crosstalk of the first color filter is more pronounced than that of the second and third color filters. By designing the structure around the first color filter differently from the structures around the second and third color filters, the light crosstalk can be reduced and the optical color deviation minimized. Embodiments of the invention offer several ways to achieve this differentiation between the structure around the first color filter and the structures around the second and third color filters. For example, the light transmitted by the first color filter generally has a lower brightness than the light transmitted by the second and third color filters.By making D1 smaller than D2, the distance between the lens above the first color filter and the adjacent lens can be made smaller than the distance between adjacent lenses above other color filters. This results in less light leakage around the lens above the first color filter and thus improves the brightness of the light transmitted through the first color filter. By making ΔD1 larger than ΔD2, the lateral diameter of the lens above the first color filter can be made larger than the lateral diameter of the lenses above the second and third color filters. This allows the lens above the first color filter to collect more light than the lenses above the second and third color filters, thereby also increasing the brightness of the light transmitted through the first color filter.By making the height H1 of the first protrusion (located above the area between the first color filter and the second or third color filter) in the second flat layer greater than the height H2 of the second protrusion (located above the area between the second and third color filters), the crosstalk of the light transmitted by the first color filter to the light transmitted by the second and third color filters can be reduced, thus mitigating the crosstalk problem between neighboring subpixels.

[0054] Fig. Figure 4 is a top view of a display device according to one embodiment of the invention. As shown in Figure 4, the image shows a top view of a display device according to one embodiment of the invention. Fig. As can be seen in Figure 4, the projection of the lens onto the base substrate can be circular. However, the embodiments of the invention are not limited to this, and the projection of the lens onto the base substrate can assume other shapes as required, for example, a square, a regular polygon, a rectangle, an ellipse, etc.

[0055] Fig. Figure 5 is a flowchart of a manufacturing process for a display device according to an embodiment of the invention; and Fig. Figures 6A to 6E illustrate schematic representations of a manufacturing process of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0056] As in Fig. As shown in Figures 5 to 6E, the manufacturing process of a display device comprises steps S501-S506.

[0057] In step S501, at least one light-emitting unit 202 is formed on a base substrate 201.

[0058] In step S502, an encapsulation layer 203 is formed, which covers at least one light-emitting unit 202.

[0059] In step S503, a first flat layer 204 is formed on a side of the encapsulation layer 203 facing away from the base substrate.

[0060] In step S504, a color filter layer 205 is formed on a side of the first flat layer 204 facing away from the base substrate.

[0061] In step S505, a second flat layer 206 is formed on a side of the color filter layer facing away from the base substrate.

[0062] In step S506, at least one lens 207, corresponding to at least one light-emitting unit 202, is formed on a side of the second flat layer 206 facing away from the base substrate 201.

[0063] As in the Fig. As shown in Figures 6A to 6E, forming at least one lens 207 may involve the following steps.

[0064] First, a lens material 207A is applied to the second flat layer 206 to create a structure as in Fig. 6A. The lens material is generally an organic or inorganic material with a light transmittance of over 90% and a refractive index between 1.4 and 1.8, as long as it can form a smooth hemispherical shape. Subsequently, the lens material 207A is patterned, for example by exposure, development, etc., to obtain at least one lens body 207B. The structure obtained after patterning can be described as in Fig. as shown in 6B. Then at least one lens body 207B is formed from the top of the lens body to form the in Fig. 6C intermediate structure 207C and the one shown in Fig. The shaped lens body 207D shown in Figure 6D is obtained successively. According to one embodiment of the invention, the forming process can comprise the following: thermal melting of at least one lens body obtained by patterning from above at a temperature of 90 °C to 110 °C for a period of 250 seconds to 350 seconds.

[0065] Then as in Fig. As shown in Figure 6E, the formed at least one lens body 207D is flattened to obtain at least one lens 2071, 2072, 2073. According to one embodiment of the invention, the flattening process can comprise the following steps: thermally melting the formed at least one lens body from above at a first temperature for a first duration; and thermally melting the at least one lens body from above at a second temperature for a second duration, wherein the first temperature is higher than the second temperature and the first duration is shorter than the second duration. For example, the first temperature can be in the range of 115 °C to 125 °C and the first duration can be in the range of 75 seconds to 85 seconds. For example, the second temperature can be in the range of 75 °C to 85 °C and the second duration can be in the range of 95 seconds to 105 seconds.During the flattening process, a first thermal melting at high temperature and for a short time rapidly melts the central section of the lens body, forming the aforementioned first section with a lower surface curvature; subsequently, a second thermal melting at lower temperature and over a relatively long time slowly melts the two lateral sections of the lens body, creating the aforementioned second section with the higher surface curvature and further resulting in a lens with a cross-section similar to an ellipse with a truncated bottom, as in . Fig. 6E shown.

[0066] According to embodiments of the invention, by adjusting the thermal melting process of the lenses based on the exposure limit of the device (0.6 µm to 0.8 µm), the distance between the lenses can be further reduced, and the scattered light around the pixels can be collected to a maximum extent, thereby further improving the light effect and increasing brightness. The flattening process also allows the coverage area of ​​the brightness in the central region to be controlled and extended, thereby increasing the brightness of the device and simultaneously widening the brightness viewing angle of the product.

[0067] In some other embodiments of the invention, a display panel is also provided, which includes the display device described above. A display panel is a panel that can display information such as text, images, or videos, etc. Examples of display panels include a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode display panel (OLED), a plasma display panel, and the like.

[0068] Fig. 7A is a schematic representation of the light emission and areas of highest brightness of a display panel, and the display panel comprises the display device made of Fig. 1; Fig. Figure 7B is a schematic representation of the light emission and areas of highest brightness of a display panel according to one embodiment of the invention, and the display panel comprises the display device of one of the embodiments mentioned above.

[0069] In the Fig. 7A and Fig. In the display panel shown in Figure 7B, the display device area consists of a multitude of pixel and lens focusing units. When viewing the display panel from the side, gradually moving forward, the observed change in brightness of the display panel can be simulated as a change in brightness similar to a lens structure. By running the above simulation on the display device of Fig. 1 and the display device of the above embodiment can display the results obtained in Fig. 7A and Fig. 7B will be shown. Fig. 7A and Fig. 7B represents the horizontal axis as the viewing angle and the vertical axis as the height of the lens corresponding to the observed brightness.

[0070] In Fig. In 7A, the area around the lens and up to the top serves to collect scattered light. However, the lens arc is relatively high, the brightness variation across different viewing angles is relatively large, and the range (d) of the area with the highest brightness is relatively narrow. During the simulation, the area around the lens and up to the top serves to collect scattered light. The brightness variation is large, and the area with the highest brightness is narrow. When viewing at 50% of the highest brightness, the corresponding viewing angle is approximately 30°.

[0071] In Fig.In 7B, the lens has a flattened shape, and the area around the lens serves to collect scattered light. Because the upper flattened area of ​​the lens is shallow and the lens arc is low, the amplitude of the brightness change is small with increasing viewing angle, and the area of ​​highest brightness is (d'), d' > d. During the simulation, the upper flattened area of ​​the lens is flattened, the area of ​​maximum brightness becomes larger, and the amplitude of the brightness change decreases. When viewing at 50% of the maximum brightness, the corresponding viewing angle is larger and can, for example, reach approximately 50°.

[0072] The display panel can, for example, be mounted on electronic devices. The electronic device according to the embodiment of the invention can be a device with a display function, i.e., a device with the aforementioned display panel. For example, the display panel can be used on AR / VR display devices such as helmet displays, stereoscopic displays, and spectacle displays. It can also be used in near-eye devices that replace optical structures with digital displays, such as electronic telescopes, electronic microscopes, medical endoscopes, and other professional devices with near-eye display requirements.

[0073] For example, the electronic device could also be a smartphone, a mobile phone, a video phone, an e-book reader, a desktop computer (PC), a laptop PC, a netbook PC, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), a digital audio player, a mobile medical device, a camera, a wearable device (such as a head-worn device, electronic clothing, an electronic bracelet, an electronic necklace, an electronic accessory, an electronic tattoo, or a smartwatch), etc.

[0074] The electronic device according to the embodiment of the invention can also be a smart household appliance with a display function. Examples of smart household appliances include televisions, DVD players, stereo systems, refrigerators, air conditioners, vacuum cleaners, ovens, microwave ovens, washing machines, dryers, air purifiers, set-top boxes, television sets (TVs), game consoles, electronic dictionaries, electronic keys, video recorders, electronic picture frames, etc.

[0075] The electronic device according to the embodiments of the invention can also be a medical device (for example, a magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) device, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device, a tomography (CT) device, an imaging device or an ultrasound device), a navigation device, a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver, an event data recorder (EDR), a flight data recorder (FDR), an infotainment device for cars, an electronic marine device (for example, a marine navigation device, a gyroscope or a compass), an avionics device, a security device, an industrial or consumer robot, an ATM, a point of sale (POS), etc.

[0076] The electronic device according to the embodiments of the invention can also be a piece of furniture with a display function, a part of a building / structure, an electronic bulletin board, a device for receiving electronic signatures, a projector, various measuring instruments (for example, a water meter, an electricity meter, a gas meter, or a device for measuring electromagnetic waves), etc. An electronic device according to some embodiments can be any combination of the aforementioned devices. Furthermore, the electronic device according to various embodiments can be a flexible device. Moreover, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the electronic devices according to various embodiments of the invention are not limited to the devices mentioned above.

[0077] The embodiments of the invention are described above. However, these embodiments serve only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Although the various embodiments have been described separately above, this does not mean that measures in the different embodiments cannot be advantageously combined. The scope of the invention is to be defined by the following claims and their equivalents. Skilled persons may make various substitutions and modifications without deviating from the scope of the invention, all of which should fall within its scope.

Claims

[1] A display device comprising: a base substrate; at least one light-emitting unit located on the base substrate and comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and a light-emitting layer arranged between the first and the second electrode, wherein the first electrode is located between the light-emitting layer and the base substrate; an encapsulation layer covering the at least one light-emitting unit; at least one lens located on a side of the encapsulation layer facing away from the base substrate and corresponding one-to-one to the at least one light-emitting unit; wherein the lens has a first section and a second section surrounding the first section, wherein an outer surface of the first section has a first curvature and an outer surface of the second section has a second curvature, wherein the first curvature is smaller than the second curvature. [2] Display device according to claim 1, wherein a projection of the first section on the base substrate is located within a projection of a bottom of the lens on the base substrate and a projection of the second section on the base substrate is located outside a projection of a bottom of the lens on the base substrate. [3] Display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lens has a first dimension in a direction parallel to the base substrate and a second dimension in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate and a ratio between the first dimension and the second dimension is in the range of 1.5-2. [4] Display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface inclination of the first section of the lens is in the range of 25 degrees to 35 degrees and the surface inclination of the second section of the lens is in the range of 85 degrees to 95 degrees, such that the first curvature is smaller than the second curvature, wherein the surface inclination of the first section is the angle of the surface tangent of the first section at half height in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate relative to a first direction and the surface inclination of the second section is the angle of the surface tangent of the second section at half height in the direction perpendicular to the base substrate relative to the first direction and the first direction is a direction parallel to the base substrate. [5] Display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a color filter layer located between the encapsulation layer and the at least one lens; a first flat layer located between the encapsulation layer and the color filter layer; a second flat layer located between the color filter layer and at least one lens. [6] Display device according to claim 5, wherein at a position where the second section touches the second flat layer, an angle between an outer surface of the second section and an outer surface of the second flat layer is in a range of 43 degrees to 47 degrees. [7] Display device according to claim 5, wherein in a direction perpendicular to and away from the base substrate a surface of the second flat layer covered by the lens is higher than a surface of the second flat layer not covered by the lens, such that an area of ​​the second flat layer not covered by the lens forms a projection. [8] Display device according to claim 7, wherein the lens has a first projection on the base substrate, the underside of the lens has a second projection on the base substrate and the distance between the outer edge of the first projection and the outer edge of the second projection is greater than the height of the projection. [9] Display device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the display device comprises several light-emitting units and several lenses that correspond one-to-one to the several light-emitting units, and a minimum distance between adjacent lenses is less than a minimum distance between the lower outer edges of adjacent lenses. [10] Display device according to claim 9, wherein the color filter layer comprises a first color filter, a second color filter and a third color filter; the multiple light-emitting units comprise a first light-emitting unit, a second light-emitting unit and a third light-emitting unit, each located on a side of the first color filter, the second color filter and the third color filter facing the base substrate; the multiple lenses comprise a first lens, a second lens and a third lens, each located on a side of the first color filter, the second color filter and the third color filter facing away from the base substrate; wherein the first color filter is formed after the second color filter and the third color filter, and the first color filter is adjacent to the second color filter or the third color filter and covers a section of the second color filter or the third color filter; where the minimum distance between the first lens and the second or third lens adjacent to the first lens is less than the minimum distance between the adjacent second lens and the third lens. [11] Display device according to claim 10, wherein the minimum distance between the first lens and the second lens or third lens adjacent to the first lens is in a range of 535 nm to 545 nm and the minimum distance between adjacent second lenses and third lenses is in a range of 545 nm to 555 nm. [12] Display device according to claim 10, wherein the first color filter is adjacent to the second color filter and covers a section of the second color filter, and the third color filter is adjacent to the second color filter and covers a section of the second color filter; the thickness of a first overlap section in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate is greater than the thickness of a second overlap section in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, wherein the first overlap section is the section of the first color filter covering the second color filter, and the second overlap section is the section of the third color filter covering the second color filter. [13] Display device according to claim 12, wherein: Each lens has a first projection on the base substrate and the underside of the lens has a second projection on the base substrate; the distance between the outer edges of the first projection and the second projection of each lens is less than the thickness of the first overlap section of the first color filter in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate. [14] Display device according to claim 13, wherein the distance between the outer edges of the first projection and the second projection of the first lens is greater than the distance between the outer edges of the first projection and the second projection of the second lens or the third lens. [15] Display device according to claim 13, wherein a surface inclination of the first section of the first lens is smaller than a surface inclination of the first section of the second lens or the third lens, wherein the surface inclination of the first section is an angle of a surface tangent of the first section at half height in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate relative to the first direction. [16] Display device according to claim 12, wherein the second flat layer forms a first projection in a region located between the first lens and the second lens and not covered by the first lens and the second lens, and the second flat layer forms a second projection in a region located between the second lens and the third lens and not covered by the second lens and the third lens, wherein in a direction perpendicular to and away from the base substrate the first projection is higher than the second projection. [17] Display device according to claim 16, wherein one curvature of the first projection is larger than the first curvature and smaller than the second curvature. [18] Display device according to claim 16, wherein a curvature of the first projection is greater than a curvature of a surface of the first overlap section facing away from the base substrate. [19] Display device according to claim 16, wherein a curvature of the second projection is smaller than a curvature of a surface of the second overlap section facing away from the base substrate. [20] Display device according to any one of claims 9 to 19, wherein the first color filter is a green color filter; one of the second and third color filters is a red color filter and the other is a blue color filter. [21] Display device according to any one of claims 1 to 20, further comprising: a pixel definition layer located between the base substrate and the light-emitting layer and covering the edges of the anode of individual light-emitting units. [22] A display panel comprising several display devices according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

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