HYBRID SOLAR CHAMPION

Abstract

A hybrid solar chimney for generating energy gain, comprising at least one chimney (2) which generates a suction-draft process (vacuum effect) by means of air whose density is reduced by a horizontal wing (11), and at least one greenhouse (3) for heating air in the chimney (2).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a hybrid solar chimney that can be operated day and night in both summer and winter, thanks to the vacuum effect created in the chimney. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] Apart from the fact that the fossil fuels widely used today are dependent on the outside world and expensive, that they are not renewable resources and that they will therefore be exhausted after a certain period of time, the environmental threats caused by the greenhouse effect have increased the importance of alternative energy sources, the greenhouse effect being caused by the carbon dioxide produced during combustion.

[0003] Solar energy is one of the simplest and most widely used resources. Among solar energy systems, one of the most important alternatives that stands out in terms of its potential and benefits is a solar energy system with a solar chimney.

[0004] Solar chimneys convert incoming sunlight into kinetic energy and then into electrical energy using the principle of the greenhouse effect. The principle of the greenhouse effect can be considered here in conjunction with the chimney draft, turbine, and generator. The solar chimney consists of a collector (greenhouse) – preferably made of glass – a chimney, and (one or more) turbines.

[0005] Solar chimneys are energy conversion systems that convert solar energy first into thermal energy, then into kinetic energy, and finally into electrical energy. Solar chimneys consist of a greenhouse collector section that captures solar energy and transfers it to the circulating air, and a long chimney section containing a wind turbine for power generation.

[0006] The solar chimney consists of a central chimney with a large transparent collector greenhouse below and a wind turbine inside. Warm air is generated in the collector greenhouse using solar radiation (both direct and diffuse). The heated air in the greenhouse area is directed to the chimney in the center of the collector, where it generates energy by driving the turbine in the center.

[0007] Technologies that harvest energy from the sun are expensive today. The fact that solar chimneys must be built to very high heights to achieve effective draft and that they require the use of large greenhouse areas to heat the air significantly increases the investment costs.

[0008] Furthermore, existing solar chimneys can only generate energy during the day and during months with high solar irradiation, using only solar energy for power generation. In other words, existing solar chimneys can only generate electricity during the summer season and during this time of year only during the day. This significantly reduces the annual efficiency of existing solar chimney systems. As a result, current solar chimney technologies have low efficiency, long payback periods, and high investment costs.

[0009] A solar chimney configuration is described in the prior art international application with publication number WO2019164463 (A1) and in the application with Turkish national application number TR 2020 / 13103. The invention, which is the subject of the application, relates to a solar chimney configuration used to generate electrical energy from solar energy using a thermal method. The air flows transmitted from both updraft and downdraft chimneys are utilized by the three-section chimney system used in the configuration of the invention, and as a result, energy is highly efficiently harvested by vertical turbines arranged at the entrances of the chimneys.

[0010] Prior art document EP2524137A1 mentions a wind turbine solar chimney. A solar chimney generally consists of a tall, hourglass-shaped chamber. The chamber contains one or more heat exchangers for solar heating of the air within the chamber. A turbine within the chamber is driven by the updraft created within the chamber, and the turbine drives an electrical generator or other machine. An exhaust wind turbine helps generate such updrafts. A vertical-axis wind turbine harnesses the wind energy in the chimney vicinity to power the exhaust turbine. Excess wind energy is stored for later use. A series of extendable and retractable airfoils attached to the outside of the chimney direct the wind in the chimney vicinity toward the vertical-axis wind turbine.

[0011] To determine the known prior art, documents such as TR 2015 / 11926, TR 2013 / 03287, US 20120153628 A1, US 4706471, WO 2004085846 (A1), CN 2651663 (Y) and CN 102536693 (A) can be examined.

[0012] As a result, improvements are being made to solar chimney systems, so new applications are needed that eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages and provide solutions to existing applications. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0013] The present invention relates to a hybrid solar chimney and an operating method that meets the above-mentioned requirements, eliminates all disadvantages and provides some additional advantages.

[0014] The main objective of the invention is to introduce a hybrid solar chimney that can operate day and night in both summer and winter due to the vacuum effect created inside the chimney, as well as a corresponding operating method.

[0015] Another object of the invention is to introduce a hybrid solar chimney that offers an alternative energy generation method to the problems of fossil fuels, which are dependent on the outside world and costly, are not a renewable resource and will therefore be exhausted after a certain time, and to introduce a corresponding working method.

[0016] Another object of the invention is to introduce a hybrid solar chimney that offers an alternative energy generation method to avoid environmental hazards caused by the greenhouse effect produced by carbon dioxide resulting from the combustion of fossil fuels, as well as to introduce a corresponding working process.

[0017] Another object of the invention is to present a hybrid solar chimney which enables cost-effective energy generation due to its efficient structure, as well as to present a corresponding working method.

[0018] Another object of the invention is to introduce a hybrid solar chimney which, due to its efficient structure, avoids the need to manufacture solar chimneys with tall and thick bodies, as well as to introduce a corresponding working method.

[0019] Another object of the invention is to introduce a hybrid solar chimney which, through its efficient structure, eliminates the need for solar chimneys to use large greenhouse areas to heat the incoming air, and to introduce a corresponding working method.

[0020] Another aim of the invention is to introduce a hybrid solar chimney that reduces the investment costs of solar chimneys, shortens the payback period and increases their efficiency, as well as to introduce a corresponding working process.

[0021] The structural and characteristic features and all advantages of the invention will be better understood from the following figures and the detailed explanations described with reference to these figures. Therefore, the assessment should be made in light of these figures and the detailed explanation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE CHARACTERS Fig. Figure 1 shows a general view of the invention. Fig. 2 shows a view of the chimney draft device. Fig. 3 shows an exploded view of the elements of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 shows a view of the sensor mechanism. Fig. Figure 5 shows a detailed view of the lower part of the invention. Fig. 6 shows a view of the chimney. Fig. Figure 7 shows a detailed view of the chimney. Fig. 8 shows the view of the side opening. LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS IN THE FIGURES E1 First Axis E2 Second Axis Q1 First opening Q2 Second Opening 1 chimney draft device 11 Horizontal Flights 12 wing supports 13 Transmission element 1 14 Transmission element 2 15 Angle adjustment element 16 pivot bearings 17 rear wing 2 fireplaces 3 Greenhouse 31 Cover 33 Air guide element 4 Energy generation facility 42 turbine blades 5 Control unit 6 Warning evaluation unit 61 Warning Unit 1 62 Warning Unit 2 63 Warning Unit 3 64 Warning Unit 4 65 Warning Unit 5 7 Compensating element DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] This detailed description is intended only to provide a better understanding of the topic and is not intended to be limiting.

[0023] The invention has been made to provide energy gain by disclosing the preferred configurations / embodiments of the hybrid solar chimney (2).

[0024] The invention consists of elements whose functions are described in the following explanations of the subject matter of the invention • There is a chimney draft device (1) connected to the top of the solar chimney (2) to ensure the air draft inside the chimney (2) and to ensure the operation of the solar chimneys (2), especially in cloudy weather or in the dark and in winter when the sunlight is not sufficient. • There is a horizontal blade (11) which divides the wind energy transmitted to it into two parts, an upper and a lower one, according to its position, so that the wind energy at the lower part is faster than the wind energy at the upper part, and which provides a draft by creating a vacuum effect since the wind energy at the lower part is faster than the wind energy at the upper part. • There is a wing support (12) on which the transmission system 1 (13), the transmission system 2 (14) and the angle adjustment element (15) are positioned to ensure the preservation of these elements. • There is a transmission element 1 (13) which enables forward and backward movement of the horizontal wing (11) in the direction of the horizontal axis (E2). • There is a transmission element 2 (14) which allows an upward and downward movement of the horizontal wing (11) in the direction of the vertical axis (E1). • There is an angle adjustment element (15) which adjusts the position of the horizontal blade (11) depending on the wind energy (wind speed) and ensures the use of wind energy at the most suitable angle. • There is a pivot bearing (16) that ensures that the rear wing (17) constantly rotates in the direction of the wind. • There is a rear wing (17) which ensures that the horizontal wing (11) constantly rotates in the direction of the wind and which indicates the direction of the horizontal wing (11). • There is a chimney (2) in which the suction process (vacuum effect) is created for the air whose density has been reduced by the horizontal blade (11). • There is a greenhouse (3) to heat the air in the chimney (2). • There is a cover (31) that covers the greenhouse (3). • In the greenhouse (3) there is an air guide element (33) which directs the heated air to the chimney (2). • There is an energy generation device (4) for converting wind energy (mechanical energy) into electrical energy through generators. • Within the energy generating device (4) there is a turbine blade (42) which provides the necessary drive (electrical energy) to ensure the generation of electricity and the operation of the energy generating mechanism (4). • There is a control unit (5) which processes the information received from the warning evaluation unit (6) and, as a result of its evaluations, enables the adjustment of the position of the horizontal blade (11) in weather conditions suitable for its operation, supplies the necessary information to the transmission element 1 (13), the transmission element 2 (14) and the angle adjustment element (15) to adjust the direction of the horizontal blade (11) according to the wind direction, and checks the control and operating accuracy of said elements. • There is a warning evaluation unit (6) in which the information from sensor groups located in different positions, angles and directions is first evaluated, the obtained data is compared and checked according to the previously defined processing range and then transmitted to the control unit (5). • There is a warning unit 1 (61) that measures the direction angles of the sun's rays and transmits the obtained data to the warning evaluation unit (6). • There is a warning unit 2 (62) that calculates the wind speed and wind angle and transmits the obtained data to the warning evaluation unit (6). • There is a warning unit 3 (63) that calculates the air conditions in the greenhouse (3) and transmits the obtained data to the warning evaluation unit (6). • There is a warning unit 4 (64) that calculates the air temperature, humidity and precipitation possibilities and transmits the received data to the warning evaluation unit (6). • There is a warning unit 5 (65) that calculates the air conditions inside the chimney (2) and transmits them to the warning evaluation unit (6). • There is a compensating element (7) which is activated in the event of any load imbalances on the chimney draught (1) in the direction of the first axis (E1) and / or the second axis (E2) and prevents the chimney draught (1) from being damaged by uneven loading.

[0025] The functions of the elements according to the invention are described above. The following detailed explanation presents the relative positions of these elements and their functions in their entirety.

[0026] As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 1, the chimney (2) is evenly spaced on both sides relative to the first axis (E1). The balancing element (7) is arranged inside the chimney (2). In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the balancing element (7) is a spring. In the event of an unbalanced load on the chimney (2), i.e., when the wind blows at the expected speed and the blades cannot accommodate the wind speed, the balancing element (7) is activated to prevent the chimney (2) from wobbling and becoming damaged.

[0027] The first axis (E1) is the horizontal axis, while the second axis (E2) is the vertical axis.

[0028] Looking at the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 together, it can be seen that the chimney draught device (1) is connected to the chimney (2). The chimney draught device (1) consists of a system comprising a horizontal vane (11), a vane support (12), a transmission element 1 (13), a transmission element 2 (14), an angle adjustment element (15), a pivot bearing (16), and a rear vane (17).

[0029] The horizontal wing (11) is arranged at the upper end of the chimney (2) in the direction of the first axis (E1). A pivot bearing (16) is located at the lower end of the horizontal wing (11) in the direction of the first axis (E1). The rear wing (17) is arranged in the same direction as the pivot bearing (16), namely in the same direction as the second axis (E2). As can be seen from Fig. 1 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2, the rear wing (17) is constantly moved in the direction of the first axis (E1) by the pivot bearing (16) and rotated in the direction of the wind. This ensures that the different directions in which the wind reaches the wing are not missed at different times of day, and the use of wind energy is ensured at all times of the day.

[0030] As can be seen from the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the warning evaluation unit (6) is positioned on both sides of the chimney (2) so that the rear wing (17) remains in line with the first axis (E1) at the bottom of the chimney (2) and in line with the second axis (E2).

[0031] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 2, the wing support (12) is arranged on the underside of the rear wing (17) in the direction of the first axis (E1). Said rear wing (17) is positioned on the wing support (12). As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 2, the transmission element 1 (13), the transmission element 2 (14), and the angle adjustment element (15) are arranged on the blade support (12). With the help of the transmission element 1 (13), the horizontal blade (11) is moved forward and backward in the direction of the second axis (E2), and with the help of the transmission element 2 (14), the horizontal blade (11) is moved forward and backward in the direction of the first axis (E1). With the help of the angle adjustment element (15), the horizontal blade (11) is positioned according to the angle of incidence of the wind, thereby ensuring that it is at the most suitable angle (position) at any time of day.

[0032] Fig. 3 shows the exploded views of the rear wing (17) and the horizontal wing (11).

[0033] In the Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 shows the positions of these warning elements. As can be seen Fig. As can be seen from Figure 4, the warning element 2 (62) is initially located on the rear wing (17). In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the warning element 2 (62) is a wind sensor. The warning element 2 (62) is arranged on the rear wing (17) primarily to determine the wind speed and the wind angle. As can be seen from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 4, the warning element 5 (65) is arranged at various locations in the direction of the first axis (E1), provided it is located in and on the chimney (2). In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the warning element 5 (65) is a chimney sensor. Representing the warning element 5 (65), three elements are shown in the chimney (2) within the scope of the invention, which are enlarged or reduced depending on the length of the chimney (2). The warning element 5 (65) provides information about the air conditions inside the chimney (2). In particular, the temperature rate, the amount of humidity, and the wind speed in the chimney (2) are measured.

[0034] In Fig. Figure 5 shows the connection between the chimney (2) and the greenhouse area (3) in detail. The cover (31) is mounted over the illustrated area of ​​the greenhouse (3). This cover (31) covers the greenhouse (3) from one end to the other. The sun's rays entering the greenhouse (3) are directed through the cover (31). The main objective of using the cover (31) is to make the best possible use of the sun's rays. Based on this situation, an alternative embodiment of the invention utilizes glass coatings, transparent coatings, and polycarbonate coating materials in the cover (31).

[0035] In an alternative embodiment of the invention, a different type of structural connection may be provided between the chimney (2) and the greenhouse (3) to store the heat obtained from sunlight and / or the ambient temperature and / or the heat generated by the operation of the energy generation device (4). The heat obtained by these structures is stored and then used in various areas.

[0036] As in Fig. As shown in detail in Figure 5, the energy generation device (4) is arranged inside the greenhouse (3) in the same direction as the chimney (2) (in the same direction as the first axis (E1)). The turbine blade (42) is arranged between the energy generation device (4) and the chimney (2). The turbine blade (42) provides the initial drive required for the operation of the energy generation plant (4) to ensure energy generation in the energy generation plant (4).

[0037] The Fig. Figure 5 shows the locations of the warning elements other than those mentioned. First, the warning element 3 (63) is arranged in various areas within the greenhouse (3) and on the cover (31). Within the scope of the invention, the warning element 3 (63) cannot be arranged on three, as in Fig. 5. Its number may be increased or decreased depending on the size and volume of use of the greenhouse area (3) or depending on the detailed information on the data required by users.

[0038] The warning element 3 (63) is arranged in the lower, middle and upper part of the structure of the greenhouse (3), as in Fig. 5, and is intended to provide information about each area of ​​the greenhouse (3). In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the warning element 3 (63) is a sensor of the greenhouse (3). The warning element 3 (63) is primarily used to obtain information about the humidity in the greenhouse (3), the wind speed, the possibility of precipitation, etc.

[0039] As again from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 5, the warning element 1 (61) is mounted on the upper part of the cover (31). In an alternative embodiment of the invention, this warning element 1 (61) is a sun sensor and serves to calculate the angle of incidence and the transmission intensity of the sun's rays.

[0040] Finally, the temperature warning element 4 (64) is arranged inside the greenhouse (3) at the lower layer corresponding to the first axis line (E1). The temperature in the greenhouse (3) is measured by the warning element 4 (64).

[0041] The Fig. 6 shows the visual connection of the rear wing (17) with the wing support (12).

[0042] The Fig. Figure 7 shows a general view of the invention. As can be seen from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 6, the control unit (5) is arranged on the compensating element (7). This way, the wing structures and / or the chimney (2) are not subjected to any reaction during wobbling for any reason and / or are not damaged by even minimal wobbling.

[0043] The side openings are in Fig. 8. These lateral openings consist of a first opening (Q1) and a second opening (Q2). To allow the chimney (2) to draw in air, the rotation process from the second opening (Q2) to the first opening (Q1) is provided. While the first opening (Q1) covers a range of 60°, the second opening (Q2) covers a range of 120°.

[0044] The scope of the invention is defined in the appended claims and cannot be limited to what is exemplified in this detailed description. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can fabricate similar structures in light of the above without departing from the spirit of the invention. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] WO 2019164463 (A1

[0009] EP 2524137A1

[0010] US 20120153628 A1

[0011] US 4706471

[0011] WO 2004085846 (A1

[0011] CN 2651663

[0011] CN 102536693 (A

[0011]

Claims

[1] A hybrid solar chimney for generating energy, comprising at least one chimney (2) generating a suction-draft process (vacuum effect) by means of air whose density is reduced by a horizontal wing (11), and at least one greenhouse (3) for heating air in the chimney (2), characterized in that it comprises: • a chimney draft device (1) connected to the top of the solar chimney (2) to ensure the air draft inside the chimney (2) and to ensure the operation of the solar chimneys (2), in particular in cloudy weather or in the dark and in winter when the solar radiation is insufficient; ◯ there is a horizontal blade (11) which divides the wind energy transmitted to it into two parts, an upper part and a lower part, according to its position, so that the wind energy at the lower part is faster than the wind energy at the upper part, and which provides a draft by creating a vacuum effect, since the wind energy at the lower part is faster than the wind energy at the upper part; ◯ wherein there is a transmission element 1 (13) which enables a forward and backward movement of the horizontal wing (11) in the direction of the horizontal axis (E2); ◯ wherein there is a transmission element 2 (14) which enables an upward and downward movement of the horizontal wing (11) in the direction of the vertical axis (E1); ◯ wherein there is an angle adjustment element (15) to adjust the position of the horizontal blade (11) depending on the wind energy (wind speed) and to ensure the use of the wind energy at the most suitable angle; ◯ wherein there is a rear wing (17) which ensures that the horizontal wing (11) constantly rotates in the direction of the wind and which indicates the direction of the horizontal wing (11); o there is a pivot bearing (16) which ensures that the rear wing (17) constantly rotates in the direction of the wind; • a transparent cover (31) covering the greenhouse (3); • an air guide element (33) to guide the heated air in this greenhouse (3) to the chimney (2); • an energy generating device (4) for converting wind energy (mechanical energy) into electrical energy by means of generators; • a turbine blade (42) from which the necessary drive (electrical energy) is provided to ensure the operation of the power generation device (4) and thus to ensure the generation of electricity within the power generation device (4); • a warning evaluation unit (6) in which the information from sensor groups located in different positions, angles and directions is first evaluated, the data obtained is compared and checked according to the previously defined processing range; and • a control unit (5) which processes the information received from the warning evaluation unit (6) and, as a result of its evaluations, enables the adjustment of the position of the horizontal blade (11) in weather conditions suitable for its operation, supplies the necessary information to the transmission element 1 (13), the transmission element 2 (14) and the angle adjustment element (15) in order to adjust the direction of the horizontal blade (11) according to the wind direction, and checks the control and operating accuracy of said elements. [2] Hybrid solar chimney according to claim 1, characterized by a warning unit 1 (61), which measures the angle of incidence of the sun's rays and transmits the obtained data to the warning evaluation unit (6). [3] Hybrid solar chimney according to claim 1, characterized by a warning unit 2 (62), which calculates the wind speed and the wind angle of incidence and transmits the obtained data to the warning evaluation unit (6). [4] Hybrid solar chimney according to claim 1, characterized by a warning unit 3 (63) which calculates the air conditions in the greenhouse (3) and transmits the obtained data to the warning evaluation unit (6). [5] Hybrid solar chimney according to claim 1, characterized by a warning unit 4 (64), which calculates the air temperature, the air humidity and the precipitation possibilities and transmits the received data to the warning evaluation unit (6). [6] Hybrid solar chimney according to claim 1, characterized by a warning unit 5 (65) which calculates the air conditions inside the chimney (2) and transmits the obtained data to the warning evaluation unit (6). [7] Hybrid solar chimney according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the mentioned warning units (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) are sensors. [8] Hybrid solar chimney according to claim 1, characterized byin that it comprises the following: a compensating element (7) which is activated in the event of any load imbalances occurring on the chimney draught device (1) in the direction of the first axis (E1) and / or the second axis (E2) and prevents the chimney draught device (1) from being damaged by uneven loading. [9] Hybrid solar chimney according to claim 1, characterized by that the transparent cover (31) is made of individual materials and / or combinations selected from the group consisting of glass coatings, transparent coatings and polycarbonate coating materials. [10] Hybrid solar chimney according to claim 1, characterized by in that it comprises the following: a wing support (12) on which the transmission system 1 (13), the transmission system 2 (14) and the angle adjustment element (15) are positioned to ensure the preservation of these elements. [11] Hybrid solar chimney according to claim 1, characterized bythat it comprises the following: a second opening (Q2) and a first opening (Q1) at which the sensing surfaces are delimited during the draft (suction) of the chimney (2). [12] Hybrid solar chimney according to claim 1 or claim 11, characterized by that the mentioned second opening (Q2) is 120° and the mentioned first opening (Q1) is 60°. [13] Hybrid solar chimney according to claim 1, characterized by that the mentioned compensating element (7) is a spring.

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