Device for energy generation from flows using flow-parallel horizontally mounted rotating surfaces for torque generation through right-angled permeable flow-deflectoring structures / lamellar fields

Abstract

Device for generating mechanical energy from flows (W) by means of disks (S1) rotating around a total center of gravity (S) either as lamellar fields (F1,F2), in mirror-image form, or other structures permeable according to the Venturi principle, (see Fig.2) which are only parallel to the flow (W) with their aerodynamically shaped edge (K), the individual lamellae (L) being inclined in such a way that they deflect the flow (W) as the sum of "natural" wind (W) and airflow (Fw) in all positions on the circular arc (Rf) and after entering the spaces (Lz) and flowing through the rotation fields by the Venturi effect, from its direction by the resistance of the lamellae (L) against this flow (A), and thus a total resultant (Rf) against this deflection through all lamellae (L) at the center of mass of the respective field (F1,2) generates a surface-parallel torque (D) about the vertical axis of rotation (R) of the total system (Sy) parallel to the plane of rotation (Fig. 3, 4), and by, if necessary, in the same direction of rotation supporting, the individual lamellae (L) by means of wing cross-sections (q), generate additional pressure-suction effects (d,s) in the plane of rotation itself, (Fig.1-4) characterized in that the lamellae (L) per field are always inclined in the same way in the flow, and that the individual torques of each lamella (L) in sum result in the torques of the (Sf) of the fields or modules (F) from the respective resistance to flow deflection of the transverse flows (q), and in the same direction of rotation (Dr), acting perpendicular to the lamella axis, add up overall over all the spaces (Lz), - as do pressure / suction effects (d,s) on the individual lamellae (L), which can be additionally drawn in the direction of rotation (D) due to their cross-sectional shape (q).

Description

The invention relates to a novel device (Sy) for utilizing the potential of flows, in this case wind energy (W), based on horizontally lying rotating disks made of special structures, such as, for example, lamella fields (F), instead of upright rotors, blades, turbines or the like which stand in the wind and which normally generate their energy from swirling or slowing down the incoming flows (FIGS. 1, 2 )Up to now, plants which acquire such energies have been expensive, uneconomical and difficult to place, and are maintenance-intensive and inefficient. Therefore, they cost between 3000 and 4000 euros per rated HC power. This relates not only to wind power but also to water power.Wind energy is irregular and may cause further storage costs. It must be controlled and protected against overloading in accordance with the wind.A construction for absorbing wind loads, a necessary high height and a large distance must be provided, heavy foundations for moment absorption, minimum transport and lifting tools and a large total material and resource consumption as well as a steady reaction to the wind direction is necessary, locations require minimum distances and impair sound emission and noise emission.Optics. Vertical axis rotors have not been truly economical.A hybrid combination of such structures with solar cells or solar energy is hardly possible. Thus, space consumption and integration into the environment close to the ground become practically possible.The invention has the object of solving these problems overall in all these aspects, here in the form of a new technique for converting flow energy into mechanical rotational energy and connecting it to known subsequent systems according to the prior art. The object is now achieved according to the invention in that, on the one hand, the material consumption per rated power HC drops--at the same time, in addition to a lower plant weight, a larger physical working surface exists with the same radius, in comparison with standard plants, with lower visibility.The principle is essentially novel because the rotor is no longer subjected to the attack of the flow in a two-dimensional, directly right-angled manner, but rather it uses for the first time flows tangentially by means of flat rotors, which are subjected to flow via rounded, simultaneously sharp edges and whose "swept-over rotating horizontal surface" converts here for the first time not only the natural wind into energy, but also the relative wind, which likewise passes tangentially during the self-rotation and mixes with the natural wind in a direction-dependent manner to form the overall drive vector (Rf) (see FIGS. 1-4 ).Hitherto, wind rotors gain energy by slowing down and whirling the wind; here, according to the invention, the wind is not slowed down, but is only deflected within its orientation.The rotor thereby operates with a vertical axis of rotation (Dr) which, like other vertical rotors, makes it operate independently of the flow direction.The small surface area (K) exposed to the wind brings about a dramatic reduction in the load on the system itself, which in turn allows a reduction in the statics necessary, such as, for example, large foundations for absorbing torque are unnecessary here, since almost no horizontal forces influence the system.Since the travelling winch (Fw) above the rotating disc (Sy) on average makes up a multiple of the speed of the natural winch (W), the system draws more energy from the total flow, but at the same time there is no horizontal shielding of the wind in the working plane by neighbouring systems of the same construction, even if these are directly adjacent. As a result, e.g. flat roofs or also other solar installations or agricultural surfaces, as well as industrial roof surfaces, can be fully used and the installations are thus hardly visible. The rotational speed can be higher than the wind speed by a factor of 10, and up to 2500 to 3000 U / min are thus achieved instead of 400 to 500 U / min.-the relative wind at a natural wind of 2 to 3 m / sec is then already about 750 U / min or 45 h / km at a disc circumference of about 30 cm, and at a writing with 3 m and more circumference as desired is then already about 1500 U / min, about 270 h / km.It is immediately evident that the "driving winch" can always raise the working capacity here to approximately 5 to 10 times, for example at 10 m / sec, i.e. 36 h / km wind intensities. Here, on the basis of the experiments in each case at least confirm that the first time a vertical axis rotor can even clearly exceed the peak powers of optimized horizontal axis standard wind turbines in all other advantages.The new rotors can also operate hybridly and the rotating always horizontal surface can also be used during rotation by wind for solar power generation, wherein the travel wind cools and cleans the surface elements, the power decoupling takes place wirelessly in the generator or foot bearing of the disk.The yields can thus be per square meter per year in wind:7000 Std unreduced at 0.4 Kw and solar at 0.3 Kw at about 3000 std,Thus, hybrid totals about 3700 kwh per qm, about -- per qm and 1,700-- ≅ at 50 cent / kw, which approximates the investment costs per qm.The flat rotor installations according to the invention can be regarded as individual modules which can be added without loss, since they can be mounted in the vicinity in a direct addition without loss within the same horizontal plane without mutually shielding.The flexibility of the installations per se is very helpful, from maintenance, construction and modification, a modular flat rotor system can of course be used here quite differently and in a more versatile manner.In principle, this new pane module system is suitable for a wide range of installations (see the drawing part), by respectively differing system geometry, in the case of modules which are in principle identical or similar. Thus, the modules are well suited as serial systems. The very simple design geometry of an individual module in turn facilitates production, transport and the use of semi-finished products, and at the same time the slats can also be clamped in frames by means of textile or membranes, whereby the weight even allows very easy structures to be dismantled or folded.The device can thus also be suitable for "replacing" wind power installations if its same size, conventional less efficient propeller is easily replaced in existing installations-which then leads to earlier yields even in the low wind range.Locations such as flat roofs or solar parks, agricultural surfaces or industrial roofs are suitable because the high-speed winch at high elevations is no longer required (the relationship of relative wind / natural wind makes this superfluous) (see competition of the helmet 123 stdkm against the wind at 23 stdkm wind wind wind wind buff.) In addition to the advantage of low weight, i.e. here the advantage of more "working surface" and use up to now only "swept surfaces", i.e. surfaces not used together up to now. Laminated rotors thus have up to 70% more yields than vane systems.For this purpose, the system has a further particular property, namely that the arrangement and sum of the modules allows surfaces to be additively covered with the wind rotors in an optimized manner as in the modular system (FIG. 10 )The first-mentioned advantages are also fully retained or are even exceeded in the scaling process. In addition, the new systems do not allow possible application forms at all up to now, but now make possible (see their own drawings), for example mobile wind drives for vehicles, ships etc., drift-free reloading of ships and vehicles, for example mobile wind drives in the sense of "system running with wind against wind", see annual international competitions in the helmet.This results in a wide range of possible applications and sites of use:• Flat roofs and surfaces also with not so high wind speeds without force absorption need also be urban• Hybrid combinations of solar and wind energy with the same system• Vertical Staging (Towers) and Scaling• Sum of individual small installations on buildings and on roof surfaces• Combinations with agricultural surfaces or hydroponicsThis results in a wide range of possible onesSpecific models and applications, here examples: 1. stand rotor, consist of round horizontal slat modules according to (FIG. 4 ) parallel or at right angles to one another in arrays of 2x2 or 4x4 modules with up to 4qm working surface are composed of 4 or 16 modules, as a light and small version, foldable for camping and trecking, in 1000x1000 mm as a basic module for new small wind turbines or "replacing" (FIGS. 6 to 8 ) details (FIG. 4 ) showing how easily the connections can be produced, e.g. by means of an endless belt forming the slats, simply threaded and fixed in fastening slots in the frame. 2. stationary rotors of 1, 2, 3 or 4 m diameter with about 1 to 2 KW power per square of horizontal surface details, here variants in square, triangular or round form, i.e. free contour, are possible in a freely configurable manner. (FIG. ) 3. stationary variant as a fixed frame (tower) with oblique rotor requirements for adaptation to the existing construction without significantly more loading it 4. floating on boats and pons 5. hybrid variants are furthermore conceivable as a laminated rotor wind / solar with cell coating of the suitably oriented rotor laminations. Sunlight when no wind. In a hybrid variant as a vertical rotor on a floating platform, the axle with a lamella rotor under water as a wind turbine can absorb between both power via water with the same axis on the generator, concept as a floating vertical rotor, reaching downward into the water, projecting upward on the same axis into the sky for energy generation. Scaling of the basic module is conceivable to a considerable extent if the module forms a static unit with space compartments. 6.Flightable Dragen Version of Lamella Fields of Lightweight Construction Combined with Helium BodiesThe new basic function of being able to convert "surface-parallel flows" into rotational energy is based on three points:1. Flows (w) parallel to the surface can add up in effect, for example from relative wind and "natural wind" (see FIG. 1 )2. At certain vane structures, these laminar tangential flows produce cross-sog and internal cross-flows (q), which are produced here by the Venturi effect (see FIG. 1 )3. The transverse flows (q) thus produced are deflected / deflected obliquely between the plates and accelerated (Bernoulli effect), wherein the reaction (Rq) on the plates allows them to rotate in the plane of rotation, provided that the plate fields always generate half total vectors here, even only in the direction of rotation. (FIGS. 1, 8 )In addition to lamella structures, the rotating plates can also have hole structures and other passages (see FIG. 8 ) up to air-permeable structures such as "knitted fabrics". The degrees of the opening ratios depend on the rotational speed or opening sizes and spacings are still to be optimized.During assembly, the horizontal distances of the "horizontal rotational surfaces" (Sy) can decrease almost to zero without power losses with the same rotational direction (see FIG. 9 )When the horizontal rotors are mounted vertically one above the other (FIG. the distance with at least half the diameter is necessary. (see FIG. 12 ) likewise with the same direction of rotation.The installation of assemblies in containers and modular assembly is possible.With semi-axial offset, vertically smaller distances are possible.Drawing listFIG. 1 shows detail of the flow and the lamella action FIG. 2 shows system structure variants, lamellae FIG. 3 shows the system, function and mode of operation FIG. 4 shows the basic variant system and function, lamellar structure FIG. 5 shows a functional section, perspective FIG. 6 shows a main variant of the lamellar structure FIG. 7 shows a section, contour FIG. 8 basic module view perspective internal forces FIG. 9 shows a perspective horizontal arrangement FIG. 10 Modules and arrangements, possible. Upscaling d=1.5 m, 3 m FIG. 11 Tower variants, mean size d=3 m, 6 m FIG. 12 Maximum upscalding d=20 m, h=50 mList of reference numbers:A: Incident flow against lamella D: torque Dr: direction of rotation: torque d / s: pressure / suction effect, lamella Fw, Fa: relative wind F, 1, 2: individual fields: lamellae G: generator base h: horizontal axis K: contour shape, edge L: lamellae Lz: lamella intermediate space M: modulus, quarter circle as base modulus P: profile frame, holder f.: lamellae q: transverse flow Rq: result of transverse flow Ra: frame Rf: result of relative wind and naturl. Wind Ro Rotor Sy Overall System Sf Center of Gravity Individual Fields V Vertical Axis W Natural Wind / Water Flow

Claims

Device for obtaining mechanical energy from flows (W) by means of discs (S1) rotating about a total center of gravity (S), either as lamella fields (F1, F2), in mirror image form, or other structures permeable according to the Venturi principle (see Figure 2) which are all situated surface-parallel to the flow (W) only with the aerodynamically shaped edge (K), wherein the individual lamellae (L) are inclined such that they sum the flow (W) as "natural" wind (W) and relative wind (Fw) in all positions on the circular arc (Rf) and after entry into the intermediate spaces (Lz) and flow through the rotation fields by the Venturi effect, here, a total resultant (Rf) can be deflected from its direction by resistance of the lamellae (L) to this incident flow (A), and thus a total resultant (Rf) against this deflection by all lamellae (L) in the center of gravity of the respective field (F1, 2) generate a surface-parallel torque (D) about the vertical axis of rotation (R) of the overall system (Sy) parallel to the plane of rotation (FIGS. 3, 4) and in that, in the same direction of rotation, if appropriate supporting, the individual lamellae (L) generate additional pressure suction effects (d, s) in the plane of the rotation itself by means of wing cross sections (q), (FIGS. 1-4) characterised in that the lamellae (L) are always inclined identically in the flow per field here, and in that the individual torques of each lamella (L) sum together the torques of the (Sf) of the fields or modules (F) result from the respective resistance to flow deflection of the transverse currents (q), and add up, acting in the same direction of rotation (Dr) at right angles to the lamella axis, overall over all intermediate spaces (Lz), just like pressure / suction effects (d, s) there on the individual lamellae (L), which can be additionally drawn in the direction of rotation (D) by their cross-sectional formation (q),Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the overall system (Sy) can rotate not only at right angles horizontally or parallel horizontally (h) (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) inclined to the flow (W) relative to the wind, but can also be positioned inclined between horizontal and vertical in the direction of flow, so that the blade fields thus respectively rotating obliquely relative to the flow are then completely open for the flow, and only still operate according to the pressure suction principle, since the individual blades have flowed around there (Fig. 3) - whereas the blade fields rotating with the flow appear completely closed, however (y) in order to thus absorb the total flow pressure there according to the resistance principle, increasing torque (D), but without absorbing such tangential flows.Component according to Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the individual lamellae (L) are enclosed and held in parallel alignment in "lamella fields" (F1) by frames (P) whose contour shape (K) is free, - and here as a circular shape or polygon / square (Fig. 2) in each case forms a basic module (M) which can be joined together to form the overall system (Sy), as vertical horizontal rotors or as intermediate shapes by means of a plurality of modules (M), -- with a variable number and arrangement of the modules (M) (Figs. 1, 2) and thus a different overall shape (Sy) or size of the system (Figs. 9-11 et seq.)Component according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the individual lamellae (L) which are clamped into the frames (P) can be designed differently both in terms of shape and in terms of material, in the case of cross sections (q) of the lamellae (L) can be flat, curved or produced as a wing profile cross section, (q), also as pure tension elements in plastic, metal, composite materials or else textiles, it being possible for these to be designed in a coloured manner and printed, with selectable transparency up to completely transparent, it being possible for each lamella additionally to be fitted with strip-shaped solar cells. (Hybrid Rotor).Component according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the overall system (Sy) of the slat modules, independently of the medium, operates in water, air or combination, in this case in different configurations as wind rotors (see Figure 3), as vertical rotors (as the vertical sum of horizontal rotors), pure horizontal rotors or mixed forms, and in water as turbine rotor (see Figures 3, Figure 4), modular construction permitting the modules to be easily transported and easily installed additively, as a result of which they are thus suitable as a construction system for the most varied sizes of slat turbines (Figures 10-12)Component according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wind energy system also captures the solar radiation as a flow system in the horizontal surface and in movement by means of solar cells applied to the slats and supplements the total power as current. (Hybrid design), the system must be provided with inductive wireless current transfer from the moving parts to the stationary parts, with maximum efficiency and in voltage with an "optimizer" in order to compensate for any voltage fluctuations.Component according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the wind energy system itself cannot be hit directly by the wind, for which reason no wind energy uses are directly influenced by the wind pressure and the system thus remains statically unaffected thereby, see also moving systems and therefore no storm or overload protection is necessary and also moving systems can be driven therewith, as water land and aircraft, since they do not experience any drift, only a new efficient current / wireless transmission becomes part of the concept.Component according to Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that both land, water and aircraft recharged or driven thereby are supplied either mechanically directly or electrically / chemically indirectly in the absence of a drift.Component according to Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the overall construction can be combined as a very lightweight frame (P) (composite materials / Alu) with fabric (lamellae), for lasting material and weight reduction, also in order to design flyable energy recovery rotors, and also in order to be able to punch, fold (original technology) or only glue the construction and thus to ensure a general scalability and material reduction.Component according to Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the rotating system disks (Sy) can also be arranged directly next to one another in the immediate closer vicinity of the same or similar disks, see Figures 9-11), but one above the other at least at a distance of its own half diameter as a prerequisite for operating in the incident flow without power losses due to shielding.Component according to Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that instead of the passive drive of the discs there is also an active alternative in order to cause a centre of gravity displacement of the discs in space by the introduction of rotational energy when the air is discharged radially, for converting the rotational energy into a movement impulse of the system itself (flat wing)

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