A floating spring-loaded inclined cable tunnel in the sea

Abstract

A floating spring-loaded inclined cable tunnel in the sea, including a sea tunnel (1) fixed to the seabed; for internal ventilation of the sea tunnel (1), a ventilation duct (2) is provided at the bottom of the sea tunnel; the internal ventilation is characterized by the fact that several tension spring tunnel support devices are arranged symmetrically on the sea tunnel (1); the tunnel support device comprises a spring tube housing (3), a first connecting spring (4), a second connecting spring (5), a first piston rod (6) and a second piston rod (7); inside the spring tube housing (3) a first spring chamber (8) and a second spring chamber (9) are provided; the first spring chamber (8) serves to accommodate the first connecting spring (4); the second spring chamber (9) serves to accommodate the second connecting spring (5);The first piston rod (6) is connected to the upper end of the first connecting spring (4) and the second piston rod (7) is connected to the lower end of the second connecting spring (5); a first through-hole (10) is open at the top of the spring tube housing (3), and a second through-hole (11) is open at the lower end; the upper end of the first piston rod (6) protrudes from the first through-hole (10) in the spring tube housing (3), and its extended end serves to connect and fix the sea tunnel (1); in the spring tube housing (3), the lower end of the second piston rod (7) extends from the second through-hole (11), and its extended end serves to connect and fasten to the foundation of the seabed.

Description

Technical area

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sea tunnels and relates in particular to a floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea. Background technology

[0002] The Qiongzhou Strait is an irregular V-shaped trench connecting Hainan and the inland. The maximum width from north to south is about 39.5 kilometers, and the average width is about 29.5 kilometers. According to relevant data, the average water depth of the Qiongzhou Strait is about 44 meters. The deep water depth in the middle of the strait is between 80 and 100 meters, and the deepest water in the entire strait can reach about 114 meters. In other words, there is a water depth of about 114 meters in the middle of the meter-deep trench. The main problem is that the maximum width of the Qiongzhou Strait from north to south is about 39.5 kilometers, and the narrowest point is 19.4 kilometers.When the total height of the piers of the overseas bridge is built, it must be about 120 to 150 meters, corresponding to this difficulty is undoubtedly a great challenge, and the Qiongzhou Strait lies in the seismic fault zone of the two plates.

[0003] In addition, the seabed topography of the Qiongzhou Strait is a typical tidal wave, and the slope of the trench is very wavy. Therefore, when building a bridge across the sea, it is very difficult to find a stable fulcrum on the seabed. The Qiongzhou Strait is a high-risk natural disaster area. First of all, typhoons will reach Category 8 or above in about 12 days, especially from May to November, which is the tropical storm and typhoon season. According to relevant data, between 1929 and 2013, 149 typhoons made landfall near Hainan Island, among which Typhoon Rammasun in July 2014 is the most typical example. At that time, the maximum wind force over the Qiongzhou Strait reached force 18, causing many injuries and deaths. The Qiongzhou Strait is located between the Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island, and seismic activity is frequent along my country's coast.The central part of the strait is the Qiongzhou Strait fault zone, and the fault zones in the northern part of Hainan Island are intertwined here. In addition, the Qiongzhou Strait is a sea channel in the central and eastern part of the South China Sea and an important channel for exchanges between China and neighboring countries such as Vietnam. This also facilitates the construction of the Qiongzhou Strait Bridge across the sea. Due to terrain constraints, underwater tunnels cannot be built, but only floating sea tunnels with spring stay cable based on the buoyancy of seawater can be built. This sinking and floating sea tunnel with spring stay cable can be used to solve the problem of crossing the strait.

[0004] The currently used seabed pipelines lack appropriate shock-absorbing devices, which will result in certain vibrations in the tunnel when vehicles pass through. Furthermore, fluctuations in seawater and frequent seismic activity on the seabed cause vibrations in the tunnel, which can inevitably lead to damage to seabed pipelines over extended periods of use.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, it is urgently necessary to provide a submersible and floating spring rope tunnel in the sea. Content of the utility model

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solution: A floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea, including a sea tunnel permanently erected on the seabed. For internal ventilation of the sea tunnel, a ventilation duct is provided at the bottom of the sea tunnel. Several tension spring tunnel support devices are symmetrically arranged on the sea tunnel. The tunnel support device includes a spring tube housing, a first connecting spring, a second connecting spring, a first piston rod, and a second piston rod. A first spring chamber and a second spring chamber are provided inside the spring tube housing. The first spring chamber serves to accommodate the first connecting spring. The second spring chamber serves to accommodate the second connecting spring. The first piston rod is connected to the upper end of the first connecting spring, and the second piston rod is connected to the lower end of the second connecting spring.A first through hole is opened at the top of the spring tube housing, and a second through hole is opened at the bottom. The upper end of the first piston rod protrudes from the first through hole in the spring tube housing, and its extended end serves to connect and fix the subsea tunnel. In the spring tube housing, the lower end of the second piston rod extends from the second through hole, and its extended end serves to connect and fix the seabed foundation.

[0007] In addition, the sea tunnel is arranged in a drop-shaped structure and is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

[0008] In addition, tension spring tunnel support device is distributed obliquely on both sides of the sea tunnel and the inclination angle is such that the stability of the spring tube housing in the sea can be ensured even at maximum support force.

[0009] The advantages of the utility model over existing technology are: When the utility model is in use and many trains or carriages run through the sea tunnel, the weight in the sea tunnel increases and a downward movement occurs. The downward movement of the sea tunnel compresses the first connecting spring through the first piston rod, compresses the second connecting spring through the second piston rod, which allows the sea tunnel to have a certain activity space during use. Through a plurality of tension spring tunnel support devices mentioned above, it can support and protect the sea tunnel, reduce the impact force on the tunnel when the vehicle passes through the tunnel, increase stability, and have good practicability. During installation, the inclination angle of the symmetrical spring tube housing ensures the stability of the sea tunnel under the premise of maximizing the supporting force.

[0010] This utility model uses a symmetrically arranged tension spring tunnel support device, in which the extension spring tunnel support devices are spaced at a certain distance, and the symmetrical springs are pulled diagonally, sinking, and floating. When one of the symmetrical springs is subjected to lateral pressure, the other acts as a tension force to keep the tunnel balanced.

[0011] Through the aforementioned plurality of tension spring tunnel support devices, the utility model can reduce the impact force of seawater on the marine tunnel. Through the aforementioned spring support components, underwater buffering can be reduced, thereby improving the service life of the marine tunnel. In the utility model, the extended end of the first piston rod is used to connect and fix the tunnel in the sea, and the second piston rod is used to connect and fix the tunnel in the seabed. The above-mentioned structure fixes the marine tunnel so that the marine tunnel can only move up and down along the direction of the first piston rod and the second piston rod, thereby improving the stability of the marine tunnel.

[0012] The utility model is equipped with a ventilation duct at the bottom of the sea tunnel, which can increase the ventilation effect of the sea tunnel and improve the overall safety of the tunnel and the driving comfort on the lane. Description with drawings Fig. is a schematic cross-sectional view of the underwater installation of a floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea according to the utility model. Fig. is a schematic cross-sectional view of a floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea according to the utility model. Fig. is a schematic structural diagram of the tension spring tunnel support device. Fig. is a top view of the tension spring tunnel support device. Fig. is a schematic diagram of the piston rod connection. Fig. is the second connection diagram of the piston rod. Fig.is the connection diagram three of the piston rod.

[0013] Including: 1. Sea tunnel, 2. Ventilation duct, 3. Spring tube housing, 4. First connecting spring, 5. Second connecting spring, 6. First piston rod, 7. Second piston rod, 8. One spring chamber, 9. Second spring chamber, 10. First through hole, 11. Second through hole, 12. Spring tube housing fixing hinge, 13. Car passage, 14. Train passage, 15. Rotating shaft bolt connection. The specific embodiment

[0014] The utility model is described in more detail below in conjunction with the attached drawings.

[0015] The utility model is presented in detail using the attached drawings.

[0016] The utility model discloses a floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea, including a sea tunnel (1) permanently erected on the seabed. For internal ventilation of the sea tunnel (1), a ventilation duct (2) is provided at the bottom of the sea tunnel. The internal ventilation is characterized by the fact that several tension spring tunnel support devices are arranged symmetrically on the sea tunnel (1). The tunnel support device comprises a spring tube housing (3), a first connecting spring (4), a second connecting spring (5), a first piston rod (6), and a second piston rod (7). A first spring chamber (8) and a second spring chamber (9) are provided inside the spring tube housing (3). The first spring chamber (8) serves to accommodate the first connecting spring (4). The second spring chamber (9) serves to accommodate the second connecting spring (5).The first piston rod (6) is connected to the upper end of the first connecting spring (4), and the second piston rod (7) is connected to the lower end of the second connecting spring (5). A first through hole (10) is opened at the top of the spring tube housing (3), and a second through hole (11) is opened at the lower end. The upper end of the first piston rod (6) protrudes from the first through hole (10) in the spring tube housing (3), and its extended end serves to connect and fix the sea tunnel (1). In the spring tube housing (3), the lower end of the second piston rod (7) extends from the second through hole (11), and its extended end serves to connect and fix to the foundation of the seabed. Embodiment 1:

[0017] When the utility model is in use, two sets of carriage passages 13 are provided above the sea tunnel 1, which can be used for cars to travel in the sea tunnel. Two sets of train passages 14 are provided below the sea tunnel 1. Can be used for trains to travel through the tunnel.

[0018] The carriage passages are constructed from existing road materials, and both ends are connected to the inner wall of Sea Tunnel 1 by steel rods and cast concrete. The interior is filled with cast steel rods, and a steel structure assembly at the bottom serves as additional support for the road. The floor of the steel structure assembly is connected to the steel structure supporting the train passage. Both sides of the steel structure assembly are welded to the sea tunnel casing to withstand the pressure of seawater on the sea tunnel shell.

[0019] The floor of train passage 14 is made of highway material, and its two ends are connected to the road by steel rods and concrete castings. The material uses a steel structure combination to provide additional support for the train passage. The steel structure composite and the sea tunnel casing are firmly welded.

[0020] At the lower end of the sea tunnel 1, a ventilation duct 2 is provided for internal ventilation of the sea tunnel 1, which can increase the ventilation effect of the sea tunnel and improve the overall safety of the tunnel and the driving comfort on the lane.

[0021] When many trains or carriages pass through the sea tunnel, the weight inside the sea tunnel increases, resulting in downward movement. The downward movement of the sea tunnel compresses the first connecting spring through the first piston rod, and compresses the second connecting spring through the second piston rod, allowing the sea tunnel to maintain a certain activity space during use. Through the multiple tension spring tunnel support devices mentioned above, the sea tunnel can be supported and protected, reducing the impact force on the tunnel when vehicles pass through the tunnel, increasing stability, and having good practicality.

[0022] The purpose of symmetrically installing multiple tension spring tunnel support devices is: (1) When a passing vehicle exerts pressure on one side, the gravity spring acts as a support, and the spring on the other side acts as a tensile force. (2) When the tunnel in the sea is affected by the lateral force of seawater backflow, the spring on the impact side acts as a tensile force. The spring on the recoil side plays a supporting role. This can always keep the tunnel in the sea in a balanced state.

[0023] The installation position of symmetrical cable-stayed springs depends on the distance and density offshore.

[0024] When the sea tunnel moves downward, the first piston rod 6 connected to the sea tunnel 1 pushes the first connecting spring 4 to compress it in the first spring chamber 8, and at the same time, the second piston rod 7 pushes the second connecting spring 5 into the second spring chamber 9, so that the sea tunnel has a certain range of motion during use. The first connecting spring 4 and the second connecting spring 5 are in a tensioned state. It can provide good primary support when the vehicle passes through, thereby reducing impact damage to underwater tunnels and extending the service life of underwater tunnels.

[0025] When seawater swells or the seabed vibrates, the sea tunnel will tremble. At this time, multiple tension spring tunnel support devices can support and protect the sea tunnel during the up-and-down shaking process, preventing the sea tunnel from excessive tremors.

[0026] To increase the stability of the sea tunnel in the sea, Sea Tunnel 1 is arranged in a drop-shaped structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

[0027] To facilitate the support and protection of the sea tunnel, the tension spring tunnel support devices are distributed obliquely on both sides of Sea Tunnel 1.

[0028] The upper end of the first piston rod 6 protrudes through the first through hole 10 from the spring tube housing 3, and its extended end is fixed to the sea tunnel 1 using a rotating shaft bolt connection 15 with rotating shaft bolts. The second piston rod 7 protrudes from the second through hole 11 of the spring tube housing 3, and its extended end is fixed to the seabed foundation by a rotating shaft bolt. Embodiment 2:

[0029] The outer peripheral surface of the spring tube housing 3 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed spring tube housing attachment hinges 12. The hinge 12 attached to the spring tube housing is provided with four groups.

[0030] In the utility model, the spring tube housing 3 is assembled and fixed by a plurality of spring tube housing fixing hinges 12. The above-mentioned spring tube housing 3 can also be disassembled as needed, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly for maintenance and has good practicability.

[0031] As a further embodiment of the utility model, the spring tube housing 3 is arranged in a circular tube structure.

[0032] As a further embodiment of the utility model, the internal height of the first spring chamber 8 is greater than the height of the first connecting spring 4 in its maximum stretched state. The length of the spring depends on the seawater depth at the device to avoid fatigue caused by too many springs.

[0033] The length of the first piston rod 6 for connecting the sea tunnel shell or the second piston rod 7 for connecting the seabed foundation exposed from the spring tube housing 3 is greater than the length of the external space at maximum spring compression, i.e., the spring space is greater than the maximum extension length of the spring. The length of the first piston rod or the second piston rod in the spring chamber is greater than the length of the reserved space when the spring is at its maximum extension. The length of the spring depends on the seawater depth at the device to avoid fatigue phenomena caused by too many springs.

[0034] In addition, the length of the spring chamber is larger than the space when the spring is maximally stretched, and the part of the piston rod exposed outside the spring tube jacket is larger than the space when the spring is maximally compressed. Embodiment 3:

[0035] Inside the sea tunnel 1, several carriage passages 13 and several train passages 14 are provided. The several carriage passages 13 are distributed above the train passage 14, and the ventilation duct 2 is provided below the train passage 14.

[0036] The carriage passage 13 in the sea tunnel 1 according to the utility model can be used for the simultaneous propulsion of multiple carriages and, due to the multiple carriage passages 13, also for the simultaneous passage of opposing trains. Since multiple carriage passages 13 are distributed above the train passage 14, the ventilation duct 2 is provided below the train passage 14. Cars and trains can travel independently of each other in the sea tunnel 1 without affecting each other, and can be used for the simultaneous movement of cars and trains.

[0037] The entire material of the sea tunnel casing is a steel structure, from which specially manufactured and reinforced steel plates are welded. The connection between the two ends of the sea tunnel and the underground tunnel is equipped with a telescopic device to protect against seawater intrusion, preventing damage to the sea tunnel due to variations in the strait or slight drift from Hainan Island.

[0038] The utility model and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not limiting. What is shown in the drawings is only one embodiment of the utility model, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if a person of ordinary skill in the art can be inspired by it and, without deviating from the creative purpose of the utility model, can design a structural method and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, they all fall under the protection of the present utility model.

Claims

[1] A floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea, including a sea tunnel (1) permanently erected on the seabed; for the internal ventilation of the sea tunnel (1), a ventilation duct (2) is provided at the bottom of the sea tunnel; the internal ventilation is characterized in that several tension spring tunnel support devices are arranged symmetrically on the sea tunnel (1); the tunnel support device comprises a spring tube housing (3), a first connecting spring (4), a second connecting spring (5), a first piston rod (6) and a second piston rod (7); a first spring chamber (8) and a second spring chamber (9) are provided inside the spring tube housing (3); the first spring chamber (8) serves to accommodate the first connecting spring (4); the second spring chamber (9) serves to accommodate the second connecting spring (5);the first piston rod (6) is connected to the upper end of the first connecting spring (4) and the second piston rod (7) is connected to the lower end of the second connecting spring (5); a first through hole (10) is opened at the top of the spring tube housing (3), and a second through hole (11) is opened at the lower end; the upper end of the first piston rod (6) protrudes from the first through hole (10) in the spring tube housing (3), and its extended end serves to connect and fix the sea tunnel (1); in the spring tube housing (3), the lower end of the second piston rod (7) extends from the second through hole (11), and its extended end serves to connect and fix it to the foundation of the seabed.; [2] A floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea according to legal claim 1, characterized by that the sea tunnel (1) is arranged in a drop-shaped structure and is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. [3] A floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea according to legal claim 1, characterized by that the tension spring tunnel support device is distributed obliquely on both sides of the sea tunnel (1) and the angle of inclination is such that the stability of the spring tube housing in the sea can be guaranteed even at maximum support force. [4] A floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea according to legal claim 1, characterized by that: the outer peripheral surface of the spring tube casing (3) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed spring tube casing fixing hinges (12); the spring tube casing (3) is arranged in a quarter structure comprising four groups of arc combination pieces of the same structure and size, and the spring tube casing fixing hinges (12) are arranged on the edge of the arc combination piece to increase the bending strength of the spring tube casing and facilitate the construction. [5] A floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea according to legal claim 4, characterized by that the spring tube housing fixing hinges (12) are provided with four groups distributed on both sides of the arc combination piece in order to reinforce the bending strength of the spring tube shell. [6] A floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea according to legal claim 4 or 5, characterized by that the spring tube housing (3) is arranged in a circular tube structure. [7] A floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea according to legal claim 1, characterized by that: the length of the first piston rod (6) used to connect the exposed sea tunnel housing to the spring tube housing (3) is greater than the maximum compression of the spring length in the outer area. [8] A floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea according to legal claim 1, characterized bythat: the length of the second piston rod (7), which serves to connect the seabed foundation exposed by the spring tube housing (3), is greater than the maximum compression of the spring. [9] A floating spring cable-stayed tunnel in the sea according to legal claim 1, characterized by that a plurality of carriage passages (13) and two train passages (14) are provided in the sea tunnel (1); a plurality of carriage passages (13) are distributed above the train passages (14); the ventilation duct (2) is provided below the train passages (14); the connection between the two ends of the sea tunnel and the underground tunnel is equipped with a telescopic device to protect against the ingress of seawater in order to prevent damage to the sea tunnel due to fluctuations in the strait or slight drift of Hainan Island.

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