Laminate for high-pressure laminate sheets

Abstract

Laminate material (1) for surface applications, in particular laminate material (1) for high-pressure laminates (HPL) comprising: - a core layer (2) consisting of at least four core layers of kraft paper impregnated with phenol-free resin from sugar cane bagasse, - a decorative layer (3) made of nonwoven fabric or nonwoven material, preferably nonwoven fabric made from pre-consumer textile waste, arranged on the core layer (2), and - a protective layer (4) made of melamine arranged on the decorative layer (3), preferably a melamine overlay protective layer (4).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a laminate for high-pressure laminates (HPL), in particular a high-pressure laminate (HPL) according to DIN EN 438. The present invention further relates to a building material panel provided with a laminate according to the invention.

[0002] High-pressure laminates (HPL) for the production of high-pressure laminate panels, particularly according to DIN EN 438, are known in the art and are used, for example, for decorative purposes in numerous applications. EP 3 221 147 B1, for instance, discloses a decorative solution that is ideally suited for fire protection purposes.

[0003] For the purposes of the present invention, laminated materials, in particular decorative high-pressure laminate (HPL) panels, are panels based on thermosetting resins. Conventional HPL materials generally consist of phenol resin-impregnated kraft papers as the core material and melamine resin-coated decorative papers as the surface layer. These typically achieve scratch resistance values ​​of 1.5 N to 3.0 N according to, for example, DIN EN 438-2-25.

[0004] For highly stressed or demanding surface applications, such as in the catering industry, laboratory equipment, or pharmaceutical cleanrooms, the laminated materials known to date are only conditionally suitable, particularly due to their typical scratch resistance values ​​of approximately 1.5 N to 3.0 N according to standards such as DIN EN 438-2-25. Furthermore, the laminated materials known to date generally do not meet the required sustainability standards, especially regarding the use of available resources.

[0005] Against this background, the present invention is based on the objective of providing a laminate material for high-pressure laminates (HPL), in particular a high-pressure laminate (HPL) according to DIN EN 438, which has an improved, in particular increased, mechanical strength and is also improved with regard to meeting sustainability requirements.

[0006] The present invention proposes a laminated material for surface applications as a technical solution, comprising a core layer consisting of at least four core layers of kraft paper impregnated with phenol-free resin from sugar cane bagasse, a decorative layer made of nonwoven fabric or nonwoven material, preferably nonwoven fabric made from pre-consumer textile waste, arranged on the core layer, and a protective layer of melamine arranged on the decorative layer, preferably a melamine overlay protective layer.

[0007] In the multilayer laminate according to the invention, the layers, i.e., the four core layers of the core layer, the decorative layer, and the protective layer, are advantageously thermoset bonded or bondable to one another by compression, preferably at temperatures in the range of >120°C to 160°C, preferably at 140°C, and pressures in the range of >5 MPa to 12 MPa, preferably for a duration of approximately 30 to 90 minutes. An optimal degree of cross-linking is advantageously achievable at a temperature of 140°C. At temperatures above 160°C, over-cross-linking and thermal degradation of the cellulose occur. Sufficient thermoset cross-linking is advantageously achieved at a pressure in the range of >5 MPa to 12 MPa. Furthermore, standardized HPL production is particularly possible within this pressure range.A pressing time of approximately 30 to 90 minutes, given the specified temperatures and / or pressures, advantageously ensures complete crosslinking. Furthermore, these pressing times particularly facilitate standardized HPL production.

[0008] It has proven particularly advantageous, in the case of the multilayer laminated material according to the invention, to apply the pressing direction from the core layer towards the protective layer during pressing. This advantageously utilizes the knowledge that a pressing direction from bottom to top results in optimal fiber alignment and a reduction in air inclusions.

[0009] It has been shown that the laminated material according to the invention exhibits significantly increased and improved mechanical strength. Furthermore, the laminated material according to the invention is more sustainable, particularly through the use of industrial by-products, production rejects or waste, and / or recycled materials.

[0010] Advantageously, the core layer or core material of the laminated material according to the invention consists of kraft paper impregnated with a phenol-free resin made from sugar cane bagasse. The use of sugar cane bagasse, an industrial byproduct of sugar production, as a phenol-free resin according to the invention advantageously enables a CO2-neutral material base without petrochemical resins.

[0011] The surface layer of the laminated material according to the invention, obtained particularly after pressing, consists of the protective layer and the decorative layer. Advantageously, after pressing, a melamine resin matrix is ​​present in which the pre-consumer textile waste of the decorative layer is embedded. Advantageously, the textile waste of the nonwoven or nonwoven fabric of the decorative layer originates from production rejects of the textile industry and advantageously exhibits an unused fiber quality.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the laminated material according to the invention advantageously has the following multilayered structure: - a melamine overlay as the top layer or protective layer; - as a decorative layer, a nonwoven fabric made from pre-consumer textile waste, preferably with a basis weight in the range of 300 g / m² 2 up to 800 g / m² 2 , preferably 500 g / m² 2 ; - as core layer or core layer at least four layers or layers of kraft paper, preferably each with a basis weight in the range of 80 g / m² 2 up to 300 g / m² 2 , each impregnated with sugar cane bagasse resin, wherein the layers, i.e. the four core layers of the core layer, the decorative layer and the protective layer, are advantageously all thermoset cross-linked or cross-linkable, preferably by pressing the layers together at temperatures in a range of >120°C to 160°C and pressures in a range of >5 MPa to 12 MPa, preferably for a duration in a range of 30 minutes to 90 minutes.

[0013] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention exhibits a scratch resistance of at least 25 N to 30 N according to DIN EN 438-2-25. The scratch resistance of the laminated material according to the invention is thus advantageously up to ten times higher than that of conventional laminated materials, in particular so-called standard HPL.

[0014] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention has a slip resistance of at least R9 according to DIN 51130. DIN 51130 deals in particular with the slip resistance of floors. The slip resistance of R9 according to DIN 51130 of the laminated material according to the invention advantageously allows for extensive use in commercial areas and / or similar applications.

[0015] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention exhibits chemical resistance of at least grade 1, preferably grade 1, according to the specifications of DIN EN 438 for iodine and coffee. DIN EN 438 deals in particular with high-pressure laminates. Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention thus meets the highest stress requirements.

[0016] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention has a water vapor resistance of at least grade 5 according to the specifications of DIN EN 438 and thus advantageously exceeds the specification.

[0017] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention has a stain resistance of at least grade 5 according to the specifications of DIN EN 438 and thus advantageously exceeds the specification.

[0018] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention has a light resistance of at least GMS 4 according to the specifications of DIN EN 438 and thus advantageously exceeds the specification.

[0019] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention has an impact resistance of at least HGS 800mm according to the specifications of DIN EN 438 and thus advantageously exceeds the specification.

[0020] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention exhibits an abrasion resistance of at least AC3 to AC4 according to the specifications of DIN EN 13329 and thus advantageously exceeds the specification. DIN EN 13329 deals in particular with the abrasion resistance of floor coverings.

[0021] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention is heat-resistant up to 180°C or has a heat resistance up to 180°C.

[0022] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention exhibits complete conformity with all parameters and / or requirements of DIN EN 438.

[0023] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention meets the requirements and / or specifications of the following standards: - DIN EN 438 - High-pressure laminates (HPL); - DIN EN 16516 - Emission testing for construction products; - DIN 51130 - Slip resistance for floors; - DIN EN 13329 - Abrasion resistance for floor coverings; and / or - DIN EN 13501-1 - Fire behavior of construction products.

[0024] Advantageously, the surface layer of the laminated material according to the invention has a smooth physical structure with optically visible textile inclusions.

[0025] The laminated material according to the invention is advantageously characterized by a total thickness in a range between 1.0 mm and 12 mm.

[0026] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention has maximum dimensions of up to 3050 mm by up to 1220 mm.

[0027] Advantageously, the laminated material according to the invention has a basis weight in the range of 1.5 kg / m². 2 up to 2.5 kg / m² 2 , preferably 1.8 kg / m² 2 depending, in particular, on the required thickness and / or material compaction.

[0028] The sustainability advantages of the laminated material according to the invention are advantageously given in particular as follows: - 100% pre-consumer recycling without virgin materials; - Phenol-free production without petrochemical resins; - CO2-neutral core structure (core layer construction) using sugarcane bagasse; and / or - Circular economy concept through waste recycling.

[0029] The application advantages of the laminated material according to the invention are advantageously given in its use particularly as follows: - Laboratory equipment: Chemical-resistant and low-emission; - Pharmaceutical cleanrooms: Hygienically flawless and scratch-resistant; - Catering: 10x longer lifespan, food-safe; and / or - Premium properties: luxury hotels, corporate headquarters.

[0030] Advantageous uses of the laminated material according to the invention in the field of laboratory equipment are particularly evident for laboratory furniture that is exposed to high chemical loads.

[0031] Advantageous uses of the laminated material according to the invention in the pharmaceutical industry are particularly evident for so-called cleanroom equipment with high hygiene requirements.

[0032] Advantageous uses of the laminated material according to the invention in the catering sector are particularly due to the food safety and robustness of the laminated material according to the invention for kitchen furniture, especially in high-traffic areas.

[0033] Advantageous uses of the laminated composite material according to the invention in the healthcare sector are particularly evident for hospital furniture with antimicrobial requirements.

[0034] Advantageous uses of the laminated composite material according to the invention in the field of luxury applications (premium retail) are particularly for luxury hotels and / or corporate headquarters.

[0035] To achieve the significantly increased and improved mechanical strength of the laminated material according to the invention, in particular with regard to a scratch resistance of 25 N to 30 N according to DIN EN 438-2-25, the present invention makes use of the following mechanisms in particular: Advantageously, the increased scratch resistance of the laminate according to the invention arises from a chemical synergy between melamine resins and cellulose fibers, in which covalent ether bridges with a binding energy of 350 kJ / mol (seven times stronger than physical adhesion) generate a three-dimensional hybrid network. The crystalline cellulose regions advantageously act as nano-reinforcing particles with a modulus of elasticity of 130 GPa, while the optimized processing parameters achieve a degree of crosslinking of 85% at 140°C, which is significantly higher than, for example, the crosslinking degrees of 60% to 70% for standard HPL. These mechanisms advantageously act synergistically rather than additively.The covalent crosslinking advantageously contributes a factor of 4 to 5, the crystalline reinforcement a factor of 2 to 3, the optimized interface a factor of 1.5 to 2, and synergistic effects advantageously enhance the result by a further 20% to 50%, thereby achieving an overall result of up to a factor of 10. The resulting material, i.e., the laminated material according to the invention, combines the hardness of melamine resins with the toughness of cellulose at the molecular level, thus exceeding the limits of conventional surface materials.

[0036] An example according to the invention is particularly and advantageously given as follows: - In the primary chemical reaction of covalent crosslinking, hydroxymethylmelamine reacts with cellulose hydroxyl groups, releasing water. This results in the formation of stable ether bridges (COCs) between the matrix and the reinforcing fiber. A reaction temperature of approximately 140°C advantageously allows for controlled condensation without thermal degradation. The three-dimensional crosslinking advantageously produces a chemically bonded hybrid material. The bond energy of approximately 350 kJ / mol is about seven times higher than that of physical adhesion. The reaction mechanism is advantageously characterized in particular by the following: 1. Methylol group formation: Melamine + formaldehyde → hydroxymethylmelamine; Example: Melamine-methylol group: N3C3H3(NHCH2OH)3 2. Condensation: Elimination of water between -CH2OH and cellulose-OH; Example: Cellulose hydroxyl group: (C6H 10 O5) n-OH; at a temperature of about 140°C, -H2O is eliminated; 3. Cross-linking: Formation of stable COC bonds; example: melamine-CH2-O-cellulose (covalent ether bridge);

[0037] This advantageously results in a chemically cross-linked hybrid network with exceptional mechanical stability.

[0038] The covalent ether bridges between melamine and cellulose advantageously achieve bond energy values ​​of up to 350 kJ / mol. These bond energy values ​​are thus up to seven times higher than those of physical adhesion, such as that found in standard HPL at approximately 50 kJ / mol. The bonding according to the invention is advantageously comparable to C-C bonds in organic polymers. The high bond energy according to the invention is considered the main reason for the surprisingly high, in particular up to 10-fold, increase in scratch resistance. This is particularly evident from a comparison of the bond types and their bond energy values: Van der Waals forces: approximately 5 to approximately 10 kJ / mol (weak interaction) Hydrogen bonds: approximately 20 to approximately 40 kJ / mol (medium strength) Physical adhesion: approximately 50 kJ / mol (standard HPL) Ether bridges: approximately 350 kJ / mol (melamine denim) CC bonds: approximately 350 to 400 kJ / mol (reference)

[0039] An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides for additional stabilization through hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking. - The crystalline nano-reinforcement is advantageously achieved using cellulose. Cotton fibers in denim consist of approximately 70% to 80% crystalline cellulose. The crystalline regions act as nano-reinforcing particles with a modulus of elasticity of approximately 130 GPa. The tensile strength of the cellulose crystals is approximately 400 to 800 MPa. The fiber-matrix adhesion provided or optimized according to the invention through covalent bonds advantageously enables efficient force transmission.

[0040] The nano-reinforcement mechanism is advantageously structured as follows: The crystalline cellulose regions advantageously generate local stress concentrations that distribute scratching forces over larger areas. This advantageously prevents the formation of deep scratches and increases surface hardness. The combination of high crystallinity and covalent bonding to the melamine matrix advantageously produces a synergistic reinforcing effect that far exceeds the sum of the individual components. The following load distribution mechanism is advantageously present: When a scratching force F acts on the surface, it is distributed according to the following formula: flocal=Ftotal / (n×Acontact×ηorientation)

[0041] Here, n is the number of load-bearing fibers, A kontakt the contact area per fiber and η Orientierung orientation efficiency. The 3D network formation and degree of cross-linking according to the invention are advantageously as follows: According to the invention, the melamine resins form a three-dimensional network through methylene and ether bridges. The cellulose fibers are advantageously integrated into this network by covalent bonds. According to the invention, an optimal degree of cross-linking of approximately 85% at 140°C is achieved. This advantageously maximizes hardness while maintaining toughness. The significantly higher degree of cross-linking according to the invention, compared to standard HPL (degree of cross-linking approximately 60 to 70%), leads to the superior mechanical stability according to the invention.

[0042] Advantageously, according to the invention, the following temperature-crosslinking relationship exists: At temperatures below 120 °C, crosslinking is incomplete, and the mechanical properties of the laminated material according to the invention are weak. At a temperature of approximately 140 °C, an optimal degree of crosslinking, in particular 85%, is advantageously achieved, which, according to the invention, results in the high scratch resistance of the laminated material according to the invention. Above temperatures of 160 °C, excessive crosslinking—also called overcrosslinking—occurs, leading to brittleness and thermal degradation of the cellulose.

[0043] The synergistic effects and underlying mechanisms of the laminated material according to the invention are listed below: 1. Covalent cross-linking: Factor 4 to 5 through strong ether bridges (approximately 350 kJ / mol); 2. Crystalline strengthening: Factor 2 to 3 through cellulose nanoparticles (E-modulus approximately 130 GPa); 3. Optimized interface: Factor 1.5 to 2 through chemical and physical adhesion; 4. Synergistic effects: Factor 1.2 to 1.5 due to super-additive interactions;

[0044] Advantageously, according to the invention, an overall factor of approximately 10, corresponding to a tenfold increase in scratch resistance, can be achieved. The mechanisms reinforce each other: Covalent bonds advantageously prevent fiber-matrix separation, while the fibers reduce local stress concentrations. This interaction generates a super-additive effect. σtotal = σchemical + σmechanical

[0045] The tenfold increase in scratch resistance is advantageously based on the chemical synergy between melamine resins and cellulose fibers according to the invention. According to the invention, covalent ether bridges (bonding energy approximately 350 kJ / mol) form the basis for a three-dimensional hybrid network with the exceptional mechanical stability provided by the invention. The crystalline cellulose regions advantageously act as nano-reinforcing particles and distribute scratch forces over larger areas of the laminate according to the invention. The processing parameters, optimized according to the invention, at temperatures of approximately 140°C advantageously enable a degree of crosslinking of 85% in the laminate according to the invention, which is significantly higher than that of standard HPL.

[0046] As already explained, the chemical mechanisms according to the invention do not act additively, but synergistically, and advantageously produce a hybrid material that transcends the limits of conventional laminated materials and surface materials.

[0047] By using recycled textile materials as reinforcement according to the invention, surface hardnesses can be achieved with the inventive laminated material that were previously only known from ceramics and reserved for them.

[0048] The advantageous integration of textile waste into melamine resins according to the invention advantageously produces surface materials with exceptional mechanical performance.

[0049] The laminated material according to the invention, particularly with the melamine denim technology according to the invention, advantageously defines a completely new class of materials, especially Sustainable Ultra-Performance Laminates (SUPL). These laminated materials according to the invention advantageously combine extreme mechanical performance with a sustainable raw material base and open up new fields of application from luxury interior design to heavy-duty industrial applications.

[0050] The present invention further relates to a building material panel provided with a laminate material according to the invention, in particular a building material panel that meets the requirements of building material classes A1 or A2 according to DIN 4102-1 (May 1998) and the classification standard EN 13501, particularly preferably a building material panel with a mineral, non-combustible base panel having two opposing main surfaces, in particular made of a silicate material, gypsum, wood, wood-based materials or the like, and at least one laminate material according to the invention applied or glued onto at least one of the main surfaces.

[0051] Further details, features and advantages of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures of the drawings.

[0052] This shows: Fig. 1 in schematic sectional view an embodiment of a laminated material according to the invention; Fig. 2 in schematic sectional view an embodiment of a laminated material according to the invention in the context of its manufacture; Fig. 3 an example of the chemical structure of an embodiment of a laminated material according to the invention.

[0053] Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a laminated material 1, particularly for surface applications. The laminated material 1 is especially intended for high-pressure laminates (HPL) and has - a core layer 2 consisting of at least four core layers of kraft paper impregnated with phenol-free resin from sugar cane bagasse, - a decorative layer 3 made of nonwoven fabric or nonwoven material, preferably nonwoven fabric made from pre-consumer textile waste, arranged on the core layer 2, and - a protective layer 4 made of melamine, preferably a melamine overlay protective layer 4, arranged on the decorative layer 3, which are joined to form a composite.

[0054] The kraft paper of the at least four layers or layers of kraft paper of core layer 2, impregnated with sugar cane bagasse resin, has a basis weight of approximately 80 g / m² per layer or layer. 2 up to 300 g / m² 2 The weights of the individual kraft paper layers can advantageously differ and / or be combined. The decorative layer 3, made of nonwoven fabric, arranged on the core layer 2, has a basis weight in the range of 300 g / m². 2 up to 800 g / m² 2 , preferably 500 g / m² 2 , and is preferably derived from pre-consumer textile waste.

[0055] In the laminated material 1, the layers, namely the four core layers of the core layer 2, the decorative layer 3, and the protective layer 4, are thermoset bonded together by compression V. The bond is particularly strong at temperatures in the range of >120°C to 160°C and pressures in the range of >5 MPa to 12 MPa, preferably for a duration of 30 to 90 minutes, as shown in Fig. 2 is shown as an example. It has proven particularly advantageous to use the pressing direction V when pressing the multi-layer laminated material. R to be applied from the core layer 2 towards the protective layer 4 (see Fig. 2) The surface layer of the laminated material 1, created by the pressing process V, consists of the protective layer 4 and the decorative layer 3. A melamine resin matrix is ​​provided in which the pre-consumer textile waste of the decorative layer 3 is embedded.

[0056] The laminated material 1 is characterized by - a scratch resistance of at least 25 N to 30 N according to DIN EN 438-2-25; - a slip resistance of at least R9 according to DIN 51130; - chemical resistance of at least grade 1 according to the specifications of DIN EN 438 for iodine and coffee; - a water vapor resistance of at least grade 5 according to the specifications of DIN EN 438; - a stain resistance of at least grade 5 according to the specifications of DIN EN 438; - a lightfastness of at least GMS 4 according to the specifications of DIN EN 438; - an impact resistance of at least HGS 800 mm according to the specifications of DIN EN 438; and / or - an abrasion resistance of at least AC3 to AC4 according to the specifications of DIN EN 13329.

[0057] The laminated material 1 in particular meets the requirements and / or specifications of the following standards: - DIN EN 438 - High-pressure laminates (HPL); - DIN EN 16516 - Emission testing for construction products; - DIN 51130 - Slip resistance for floors; - DIN EN 13329 - Abrasion resistance for floor coverings; and / or - DIN EN 13501-1 - Fire behavior of construction products.

[0058] The laminated material 1 is heat-resistant up to 180°C or has a heat resistance up to 180°C.

[0059] Fig. Figure 3 shows an example of the chemical structure of an embodiment of a laminated material 1. The reaction mechanism is as follows: 1. Methylol group formation: Melamine + formaldehyde → hydroxymethylmelamine; example: melamine methylol group: N3C3H3(NHCH2OH)3. (Melamine resin 5, cellulose fibers 6) 2. Condensation: Elimination of water between -CH2OH and cellulose-OH; Example: Cellulose hydroxyl group: (C6H 10 O5) n -OH; at a temperature of about 140°C, -H2O is eliminated; 3. Crosslinking: Formation of stable COC bonds; example: melamine-CH2-O-cellulose (covalent ether bridge). (Ether bond 7)

[0060] A chemically cross-linked hybrid network with exceptional mechanical stability is achieved, which can be extensively used as a laminated material 1 for surface designs. In particular, when used as a building material panel, the laminated material 1 offers the following application advantages, for example: - Laboratory equipment: Chemical-resistant and low-emission; - Pharmaceutical cleanrooms: Hygienically flawless and scratch-resistant; - Catering: 10x longer lifespan, food-safe; and / or - Premium properties: luxury hotels, corporate headquarters.

[0061] The sustainability advantages of the laminated material 1 are particularly as follows: - 100% pre-consumer recycling without virgin materials; - Phenol-free production without petrochemical resins; - CO2-neutral core structure (core layer construction) using sugarcane bagasse; and / or - Circular economy concept through waste recycling.

[0062] The embodiments shown in the figures of the drawing and the embodiments explained in connection with them serve only to illustrate the invention and are not limiting. Reference symbol list: 1 Laminate material / Layer material for high-pressure laminates (HPL) 2 Core layers consisting of at least four core layers of kraft paper 3 Decorative layer made of nonwoven fabric, especially from pre-consumer textile waste 4 Protective layer / melamine overlay protective layer 5 Melamine resin 6 Cellulose / cellulose fibers (especially from pre-consumer textile waste) 7 Ether bond V-grooving V R Grouting direction QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 3 221 147 B1

[0002] Cited non-patent literature

[0000] DIN EN 438 [0005, 0015, 0022, 0023, 0056, 0057] DIN EN 438-2-25

[0013] DIN 51130 [0014, 0023, 0057] DIN EN 16516 [0023, 0057] DIN EN 13329 [0023, 0056, 0057] DIN EN 13501-1 [0023, 0057] DIN 4102-1

[0050]

Claims

[1] Laminate material (1) for surface applications, in particular laminate material (1) for high-pressure laminates (HPL) comprising: - a core layer (2) consisting of at least four core layers of kraft paper impregnated with phenol-free resin from sugar cane bagasse, - a decorative layer (3) made of nonwoven fabric or nonwoven material, preferably nonwoven fabric made from pre-consumer textile waste, arranged on the core layer (2), and - a protective layer (4) made of melamine arranged on the decorative layer (3), preferably a melamine overlay protective layer (4). [2] Laminated material (1) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the layers (2, 3, 4) of the laminated material (1), i.e. the four core layers of the core layer (2), the decorative layer (3) and the protective layer (4), are thermoset bonded together, in particular by compression (V). [3] Laminated material (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized by, that the layers (2, 3, 4) of the laminated material (1), i.e. the four core layers of the core layer (2), the decorative layer (3) and the protective layer (4), are thermoset bonded together by compression (V) at temperatures in a range of >120°C to 160°C and pressures in a range of >5 MPa to 12 MPa, preferably for a duration in a range of 30 minutes to 90 minutes. [4] Laminated material (1) according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized by , that the pressing direction (V R ) the injection (V) is applied from the core layer (2) towards the protective layer (4). [5] Laminated material (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by , that the surface layer of the laminated material (1) obtained by pressing consists of the protective layer (4) and the decorative layer (3), wherein in particular a melamine resin matrix is ​​given in which the pre-consumer textile waste of the decorative layer (3) is embedded. [6] Laminated material (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by , that the decorative layer (3) arranged on the core layer (2) is made of nonwoven fabric or nonwoven material, preferably nonwoven fabric made from pre-consumer textile waste, and has a basis weight in the range of 300 g / m² 2 up to 800 g / m² 2 , preferably 500 g / m² 2 , exhibits. [7] Laminated material (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by , that the kraft paper of the at least four layers or layers of kraft paper of the core layer (2), each impregnated with sugar cane bagasse resin, each has a basis weight in the range of 80 g / m² 2 up to 300 g / m² 2 exhibits. [8] Laminated material (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by a scratch resistance of at least 25 N to 30 N according to DIN EN 438-2-25. [9] Laminated material (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by a slip resistance of R9 according to DIN 51130. [10] Laminated material (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by chemical resistance of at least grade 1, preferably grade 1 according to the specifications of DIN EN 438 for iodine and coffee. [11] Laminated material (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by a water vapor resistance of at least grade 5 according to the specifications of DIN EN 438. [12] Laminated material (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by Stain resistance of at least grade 5 according to the specifications of DIN EN 438. [13] Laminated material (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by a lightfastness of at least GMS 4 according to the specifications of DIN EN 438. [14] Laminated material (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by an impact resistance of at least HGS 800mm according to the specifications of DIN EN 438. [15] Laminated material (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized by an abrasion resistance of at least AC3 to AC4 according to the specifications of DIN EN 13329. [16] Laminated material (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized by , that the laminated material (1) is heat-resistant up to 180°C or has a heat resistance up to 180°C. [17] Building material panel, in particular meeting the requirements of building material classes A1 or A2 according to DIN 4102-1 (May 1998) or the classification standard EN 13501, with a base panel having two opposing main surfaces, in particular made of a silicate material, gypsum, wood, wood-based materials or the like, which is provided on at least one of its main surfaces with a laminated material, in particular by bonding and / or pressing, characterized by that the laminated material is a laminated material (1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 16.

Images