Model of the human heart for practicing surgical procedures

Abstract

A model of the human heart for practicing surgical procedures, characterized in that the model replicates the human heart and heart valve and bypass operations can be performed on it.

Description

[0001] This utility model relates to a model of the human heart used for surgical practice, such as bypass and heart valve operations. The model enables a realistic replica of the anatomical and functional structures of the human heart and is intended, in particular, to offer students and physicians in training the opportunity to practice complex cardiac surgical procedures in a practical setting.

[0002] Currently, numerous training systems exist for basic surgical skills, such as suturing wounds on flat silicone pads or surgically suturing simple rubber tubes. However, these systems do not replicate the anatomical and tactile characteristics of a human heart. Existing heart models generally serve only for anatomical demonstration and are not suitable for active surgical practice. Furthermore, these models are rarely used in routine clinical training.

[0003] The invention therefore aims to provide a heart model that accurately reproduces the essential anatomical structures of the heart and simultaneously enables the performance of surgical exercises, in particular coronary bypass and heart valve operations, under realistic conditions.

[0004] The model should be made in its original size or to scale, using silicone, wood, plastic, or a similar material. As in Fig. The model should depict all relevant external structures of the human heart, in particular the right and left atrial appendages, the superior and inferior vena cava, the origin of the aorta, the origin of the pulmonary artery, and the four pulmonary veins, according to the possible scales specified in the patent claims. Furthermore, the model should anatomically accurately represent the coronary arteries, including their main branches. These include the right coronary artery with the posterior interventricular branch (RIVP) and the left coronary artery (LCA) with the anterior interventricular branch (RIVA) and the circumflex branch (LCX).

[0005] To simulate bypass operations, one or more coronary arteries are provided with indentations (as in Fig. with [G] shown as an example), into which coronary artery segments made of silicone or a comparable material (as in Fig. (as shown) can be inserted and secured with a precise fit. Since these can be replaced if necessary, it is possible to repeat the suturing of anastomoses as a simulation for bypass surgery as often as desired, taking into account natural wear and tear of the elements affected by the surgical suturing.

[0006] For the simulation of heart valve surgery, the aortic opening should be designed to be open and contain the position of the native aortic valve at a depth of approximately three centimeters. About one centimeter above this position, the origins of the right and left coronary arteries should be located, thus anatomically replicating the surgical area of ​​the aortic root. Since the aortic origin must be stretched and sutured to insert a valve replacement and is therefore subject to wear, the entire aortic origin can be replaceable. The external aortic element is in Fig. depicted.

[0007] The model also includes arterial segments not attached to the model, as in Fig. These are to be sewn onto the interchangeable segment sections attached to the indentations of the coronary vessels, thus simulating the vessels required for bypass surgery. Additionally, the model will include valve replacement elements that are to be sewn precisely into the intended native position of the aortic valves. These valve replacement elements can be exchanged and reused multiple times, depending on wear or training purpose. Reference symbol list Fig. : Front A right and left atrial appendage B Superior vena cava C Inferior vena cava The opening for the aortic element E. pulmonary trunk F Right coronary artery G Anterior Interventricular Ramus (RIVA) Fig. : Back H Pulmonary veins i Circumflexor ramus (RCX) J Posterior Interventricular Ramus (RIVP) Fig. : Side view right Fig. : Side view left Fig. : External aortic element Fig. : Coronary artery tube scribe Fig. : Bypass vessel hose segment

Claims

[1] Model of the human heart for practicing surgical procedures, characterized by that the model replicates the human heart and that heart valve and bypass operations can be performed on it. [2] Model of the human heart according to claim 1, characterized by , that the model can be made in the original size of the human heart or in a scaled ratio from silicone, wood, plastic or a comparable material and has an opening for the exit of the main artery (aorta) ( Fig. [D]) contains. [3] Model of the human heart according to claim 1, characterized by , that the model shows coronary arteries (Arteriae coronariae) including their main branches, namely the right coronary artery (Arteria coronaria dextra) ( Fig. [F]) with the posterior interventricular ramus (RIVP) ( Fig.[J]) and the left coronary artery (Arteria coronaria sinistra, LCA) with the anterior interventricular branch (RIVA) ( Fig. [G]) and the circumflex ramus (RCX) ( Fig. [i]). [4] Model of the human heart according to claim 1, characterized by , that the model represents the right and left atrial appendages ( Fig. [A], the origins of the superior and inferior vena cava ( Fig. [B]) and inferior vena cava ( Fig. [C])), the origin of the pulmonary artery (Truncus pulmonalis) ( Fig. [E]) and the four branches of the pulmonary veins (venae pulmonales) ( Fig. [H]) may contain. [5] Model of the human heart according to claim 1, characterized by , that the model can measure a length (from base to apex) of approximately 8 to 12 cm and a thickness (anterior-posterior) of approximately 4 to 8 cm. [6] Model of the human heart according to claim 2, characterized by, that the opening of the main artery exit (aorta) measures a diameter of approximately 3 cm and protrudes approximately 3 cm from the model. [7] Model of the human heart according to claim 3, characterized by , that the coronary vessels have a diameter of approximately 2 to 6 mm, depending on their location on the heart model ( Fig. ). [8] Model of the human heart according to claim 1, characterized by The pulmonary veins have a diameter of approximately 1.5 cm, the vena cava approximately 2.5 cm, and the pulmonary trunk approximately 3 cm. The branches can protrude approximately 3 cm from the model. [9] Model of the human heart according to claim 3, characterized by that the coronary arteries depicted in the model are indentations (example) Fig.[G]) are found on the model, which can be supplemented with coronary vessel segments made of silicone or a similar material that are not permanently attached to the model and can be inserted precisely into the openings. These segments can be connected at their ends to the coronary artery ends attached to the model by means of adhesive mechanisms. [10] Model of the human heart according to claim 2, characterized by The aortic opening is open and contains the position of the native aortic valve, with the branches of the right and left coronary arteries (Arteria coronaria dextra and Arteria coronaria sinistra) exiting the aorta approximately 1 cm above this valve. The complete aortic branch can optionally be removed and thus not permanently attached to the model. Fig. ). [11] Model of the human heart according to claim 9, characterized by, that the scope of the model includes several coronary artery segments that can be inserted into and fit the indentations of the coronary arteries known from claim 9 and that can be attached to the coronary artery ends attached to the model. [12] Model of the human heart according to the previous claims, characterized by , that the scope of the model includes several additional coronary artery elements with a similar diameter and greater length compared to the coronary arteries ( Fig. ) contains elements that can be sewn onto the elements known from claims 9 and 11. [13] Model of the human heart according to the previous claims, characterized by The model's circumference includes several elements representing heart valve replacements, which can be ring-shaped and resemble a real heart valve prosthesis. These are dimensioned so that they can be sewn precisely onto the position of the native aortic valve. [14] Model of the human heart according to the previous claims, characterized by , that the scope of the project may additionally include instructions on how the bypass operation or heart valve replacement is performed.

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