Electronic device for derating protection of battery, device and storage medium

Abstract

Electronic device, the electronic device comprising the following: at least one processor; and a memory that is communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, wherein the computer program is executed by the at least one processor in such a way that the at least one processor is able to perform the following operations: Adapting an application phase of a battery under test according to a deterioration in the health of the battery under test during an application process of a battery under test, wherein the application phase includes an initial phase, an intermediate phase, a final phase, a safety phase and a hazardous phase according to the health status from high to low; Setting a charge level usage interval of the battery under test to an initial usage interval in response to the fact that the battery under test is in the initial or intermediate phase; Reducing the state-of-charge usage interval to a reduced usage interval in response to the battery under test transitioning from the intermediate phase to the final phase, where a range of the reduced usage interval is smaller than a range of the initial usage interval; Forcibly discharging the battery under test to a lower limit of the reduced usage range in response to the battery transitioning from the safe phase to the hazardous phase; Setting the state-of-charge usage interval of the battery under test to a single value after completion of the forced discharge, where the single value corresponds to the lower limit of the reduced usage interval.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority from a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office on Wednesday, July 31, 2024, under application number 202411048972.8, the entire contents of which are incorporated into this application by reference. TECHNICAL AREA

[0002] This application relates to the field of battery control, for example to a method for derating protection of a battery, an electronic device and a storage medium. STATE OF THE ART

[0003] During use, batteries inevitably experience a gradual decline in performance. Continuing to use these batteries based on their factory specifications will not only lead to further performance degradation but can also pose safety risks. Therefore, rationally adapting usage strategies to changes in battery performance is key to ensuring battery safety and extending battery lifespan.

[0004] In the battery industry, it is common practice to reduce the performance parameters of the battery based on the battery's service life, the number of cycles, or the mileage of the vehicle supported by the power battery.

[0005] Although the practice of reducing battery performance parameters based on battery usage, cycle count, or the mileage of the vehicle powered by the battery helps to some extent in managing battery health, it often lacks a scientific consideration of actual changes in battery performance and is sometimes even subjective. This subjective derating method can lead to an inappropriate reduction of the battery's actual lifespan. REVELATION OF THE INVENTION

[0006] The present application offers a method for derating protection of a battery, an electronic device and a storage medium to improve battery safety based on ensuring battery life.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for derating protection of batteries, comprising: Adapting an application phase of a battery under test according to a deterioration in the health of the battery under test during an application process of a battery under test, wherein the application phase includes an initial phase, an intermediate phase, a final phase, a safety phase and a hazardous phase according to the health status from high to low; Setting a charge level usage interval of the battery under test to an initial usage interval in response to the fact that the battery under test is in the initial or intermediate phase; Reducing the state-of-charge usage interval to a reduced usage interval in response to the battery under test transitioning from the intermediate phase to the final phase, where a range of the reduced usage interval is smaller than a range of the initial usage interval; Forcibly discharging the battery under test to a lower limit of the reduced usage range in response to the battery transitioning from the safe phase to the hazardous phase; Setting the state-of-charge usage interval of the battery under test to a single value after completion of the forced discharge, where the single value corresponds to the lower limit of the reduced usage interval.

[0008] According to a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device comprising the following: at least one processor; and a memory that is communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, wherein the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the method for derating protection of the battery described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0009] According to a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer instruction is stored, wherein the computer instruction is used to cause the processor, upon execution, to implement the method for derating battery protection described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0010] In a method for derating and protecting a battery, an electronic device, and a storage medium, as provided by embodiments of the present application, an application phase of the battery under test is adjusted during an application process according to a deterioration in the battery's state of health. When the battery under test is in the initial or intermediate phase, the state-of-charge usage interval is set to an initial usage interval. When the battery under test transitions from the intermediate to the final phase, the state-of-charge usage interval is reduced to a lower usage interval.When the battery under test transitions from the safe phase to the hazardous phase, it is forcibly discharged to a lower limit of its reduced operating range. After the forced discharge is complete, the battery's state-of-charge usage interval is set to a single value, thus implementing derating protection. This derating protection is based on the battery's health, which is scientifically sound and rational. It prevents a reduction in battery lifespan due to inappropriate derating and extends the battery's lifespan. Furthermore, it takes into account user usage outside the warranty period and enhances battery safety. PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION Fig.Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of the setup of a method for derating protection of a battery, provided by an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 2 is a relationship curve between the charging voltage and the charging capacity of a lithium iron phosphate battery during the charging process, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 3 is a relationship curve between the discharge voltage and the discharge capacity of a lithium iron phosphate battery during the discharge process, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application; Fig. Figure 4 is a relationship curve between the charging voltage and the charging capacity of a lithium nickel cobalt manganate battery during the charging process, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application; Fig.Figure 5 is a relationship curve between the discharge voltage and the discharge capacity of a lithium nickel cobalt manganate battery during the discharge process, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application; Fig. Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of the setup of a method for derating battery protection, provided by an embodiment of the present application; Fig. Figure 7 is a schematic representation of the course of each parameter during the entire lifetime of a battery under test, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application; Fig. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a device for derating protection of a battery, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application; Fig.Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the construction of another device for derating protection of batteries, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application; Fig. Figure 10 is a schematic structural representation of an electronic device that can be used to implement embodiments of the present application. SPECIFIC EXECUTION FORMS

[0011] The terms “comprise” and “include” as used in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings mentioned above, and all variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive scope. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device comprising a sequence of steps or elements shall also include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent in the process, method, product, or device.

[0012] The present application proposes a method for derating protection of batteries, wherein the method can be applied to the battery management system of the battery. Fig. Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of the setup of a method for derating battery protection, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application, and with reference to Fig. 1. The procedure for battery derating protection includes the following: S101. During an application process of a battery under test, an application phase of the battery under test is adjusted accordingly according to a deterioration in the health condition of the battery under test.

[0013] The state of health (SOH) is an important indicator for describing battery performance and remaining lifespan. It reflects the battery's current health relative to its initial state and can be determined in real time based on at least one of the following battery values ​​during use: internal resistance, capacity, and voltage. The method for determining the state of health is a related technology and will not be described again here. The application phase refers to the various sub-phases in the life cycle of the tested battery, which exhibit different performance characteristics as they degrade. The division of application phases is based on the battery's state of health.The application phase comprises the Beginning of Life (BOL) phase, the Middle of Life (MOL) phase, the End of Life (EOL) phase, the Safety of Life (SOL) phase, and the Hazard of Life (HOL) phase, with each application phase corresponding to an interval range of the battery's health status. During the application process of the battery under test, the application phase corresponding to the interval range can be determined as the current application phase of the battery under test based on the range of the battery's current health status.

[0014] The health status of the battery under test and the corresponding application phases are shown, for example, in Table 1, and the health status range corresponding to the initial phase is [90%, 100%]; where a corresponding health status range for the intermediate phase is [80%, 90%]; where a corresponding health status range for the final phase is [70%, 80%]; where a corresponding health status range for the safety phase is [60%, 70%]; where a corresponding health status range for the hazardous phase is [0%, 60%]; when the health status of the battery under test drops to 90%, the application phase of the battery under test is adjusted from the initial phase to the intermediate phase; when the health status of the battery under test drops to 80%, the application phase of the battery under test is adjusted from the intermediate phase to the final phase;If the health status of the battery under test drops to 70%, the application phase of the battery under test is adjusted from the end phase to the safety phase; if the health status of the battery under test drops to 60%, the application phase of the battery under test is adjusted from the safety phase to the hazardous phase. Table 1. Comparison table of the health status of a battery under test and its corresponding application phase and warranty status SOH Warranty condition Application phase (90%, 100%] Within the warranty BOL (80%, 90%] MOL (70%, 80%] EOL (60%, 70%] Outside of warranty SOL (0, 60%] HOL

[0015] S102. Setting a state-of-charge usage interval of the battery under test to an initial usage interval in response to the fact that the battery under test is in the initial or intermediate phase.

[0016] The state-of-charge (SOC) usage interval, also known as a state-of-charge (SO) usage window, defines the upper and lower limits of the change in the state of charge of the battery under test during charging and discharging. If, during the application process, the state of charge of the battery under test exceeds the SOC usage interval, the charging or discharging process is interrupted to maintain the state of charge within this interval. The initial usage interval refers to the state of charge of the battery under test upon delivery from the factory, and the initial usage interval is [0%, 100%]. If the battery under test is in the initial or intermediate stages, its state of charge usage interval is set as the initial usage interval.

[0017] For example, in some embodiments, the state of charge of the battery under test can be monitored in real time during the charging process. Once the state of charge reaches 100%, it is determined that the battery is fully charged and the charging process is interrupted. In other embodiments, the voltage of the battery under test can also be monitored in real time during the charging process. Once the voltage reaches the voltage corresponding to a 100% state of charge (the relationship between the state of charge and the corresponding voltage was measured before delivery from the factory), it is determined that the battery is fully charged and the charging process is interrupted.

[0018] S103. Reducing the state-of-charge usage interval to a reduced usage interval in response to the battery under test transitioning from the intermediate phase to the final phase.

[0019] The reduced usage interval is smaller than the initial usage interval but falls within the range of the initial usage interval. For example, if the initial usage interval is [0%, 100%], the reduced usage interval could be [10%, 90%]. The battery under test transitions from the intermediate to the final stage, meaning its state of health is reduced by 20% compared to its factory-as-shipped state. At this point, the battery capacity differs significantly from its factory-as-shipped capacity, and overcharging and deep discharging will shorten its lifespan. At this stage, limiting the state of charge usage interval to reflect changes in state of health can optimize the customer experience and mitigate safety risks.

[0020] When redetermining the state-of-charge usage interval in steps S102 and S103, not only must the upper and lower limits of the corresponding state of charge be determined, but also the battery voltage corresponding to these limits. This simplifies the process for the battery control system of the battery under test, as the charge and discharge state of the battery is then controlled according to the battery voltage corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the state-of-charge usage interval.Optionally, the battery voltage corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the reduced usage interval and the battery voltage corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the initial usage interval are determined. Based on the relationship between the voltage and the charge and discharge capacity of the battery under test during the charging and discharging process, a relationship between the voltage and the charge and discharge capacity of the battery under test during the charging and discharging process prior to delivery from the factory can be measured. The charge and discharge capacity here refers to the percentage of the charge and discharge capacity relative to the total capacity corresponding to the state of charge.On the one hand, after defining the state-of-charge usage interval of the battery under test as the initial usage interval in step S102, the battery voltage corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the initial usage interval can also be determined based on the relationship curve; furthermore, the state of charge and discharge of the battery under test is controlled according to the battery voltage corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the initial usage interval. On the other hand, after reducing the state-of-charge usage interval to the reduced usage interval in step S103, the battery voltage corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the reduced usage interval can also be determined based on the relationship curve; furthermore, the state of charge and discharge of the battery under test is controlled according to the battery voltage corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the reduced usage interval.

[0021] Fig. 2 is a relationship curve between the charging voltage and the charging capacity of a lithium iron phosphate battery during the charging process, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application, Fig. Figure 3 is a relationship between the discharge voltage and the discharge capacity of a lithium iron phosphate battery during the discharge process, provided by an embodiment of the present application. If the battery under test is a lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery, the following can be determined by combining the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. Based on the relationship between the charging voltage and the charging capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery, it can be determined that the battery voltage is 3.65V at full charge and 3.54V at 90% state of charge (as indicated by the circled point in Fig.(2 shown). Therefore, the battery voltage corresponding to reaching a 90% state of charge (SOC) of the lithium iron phosphate battery during charging is 3.54V, and the battery voltage corresponding to a 100% SOC is 3.65V. In practical applications, the battery charging process can then be controlled in different phases using these two voltage points for interruption. Based on the relationship between the charging voltage and the discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery, it can be determined that the battery voltage at full discharge is 2.5V and at 90% discharge is 3.03V (as shown by the circled point in Figure 2). Fig.(as shown in Figure 3), therefore the battery voltage corresponding to a lithium iron phosphate battery reaching 10% SOC during discharge is 3.03V, and the battery voltage corresponding to 0% SOC is 2.5V. In practical applications, the current consumption process of the battery in different phases can then be controlled by these two voltage points for interruption.

[0022] Similar to the lithium iron phosphate battery, Fig. 4 a relationship curve between the charging voltage and the charging capacity of a lithium nickel cobalt manganate battery during the charging process, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application, Fig.Figure 5 is a relationship between the discharge voltage and the discharge capacity of a lithium nickel cobalt manganate battery during the discharge process, provided by an embodiment of the present application. If the battery under test is a lithium nickel cobalt manganate (NCM) battery, the following can be determined by combining the Fig. 4 and Fig. 5. Based on the relationship between the charging voltage and the charging capacity of the lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganate battery, it can be determined that the battery voltage is 4.3V at full charge and 4.24V at 90% state of charge (as indicated by the circled point in Fig.(shown in Figure 4). When the lithium nickel cobalt manganate battery reaches 90% SOC during charging, the corresponding battery voltage is therefore 4.24V, and when it reaches 100% SOC, the corresponding battery voltage is 4.3V. In practical applications, the charging process can be controlled using these two voltage points for interruption. Based on the relationship between the charging voltage and the discharge capacity of the lithium nickel cobalt manganate battery, it can be determined that the battery voltage is 2.8V at full discharge and 3.43V at 90% discharge (as indicated by the circled point in Figure 4). Fig.(5 shown). When the lithium nickel cobalt manganate battery reaches 10% SOC during the discharge process, the corresponding battery voltage is therefore 3.43V, and when it reaches 0% SOC, the corresponding battery voltage is 2.8V, then the current consumption process in practical applications can be controlled for interruption based on these two voltage points.

[0023] S104. Forced discharge of the battery under test to a lower limit of the reduced usage range in response to the battery under test transitioning from the safe phase to the hazardous phase.

[0024] The battery under test is transitioning from a safe state to a hazardous state, meaning its health is reduced by 40% compared to when it left the factory. At this point, the battery capacity differs significantly from its factory capacity. If the battery continues to be used under these conditions, safety cannot be guaranteed; therefore, the battery must be deactivated. Before deactivation, the battery charge level must be reduced to the lower limit of the reduced usage interval to ensure it is as low as possible.On the one hand, it's important to consider that the risk of a short circuit, overheating, or even fire and explosion can increase if the energy storage battery still has a high state of charge when scrapped. For example, the chemicals in a battery with a high state of charge can be unstable and potentially cause hazardous situations. On the other hand, it's worth considering that a battery with a low state of charge causes relatively little potential environmental damage during subsequent recycling and processing. This is because if chemicals leak from a battery with a high state of charge, it can lead to more serious environmental pollution.On the other hand, it should be considered that a battery with a high state of charge requires more specialized measures and equipment during transport and processing, which will increase processing costs. Conversely, minimizing the state of charge can reduce these costs. Finally, when a battery is subsequently disassembled for reuse at a low state of charge, the risk of electric shock to operators and equipment is lower, and it is also easier to separate and reuse the various battery components. For example, in some used battery recycling plants, if the state of charge of the received battery is too high, it must first be discharged, which not only costs time but also increases the number of processing steps and costs. A pre-reduced state of charge to a minimum can make the entire processing process more efficient and safer.

[0025] S105. After completion of the forced discharge, the state-of-charge usage interval of the battery under test is set to a single value.

[0026] The single value can correspond to the lower limit of the reduced usage interval. The state-of-charge usage interval of the battery under test is set to a single value, namely the lower limit of the reduced usage interval. The purpose is to restrict the battery under test to a single state of charge and to prevent charging and discharging processes that change the state of charge up or down, thereby potentially rendering the battery under test inoperable.

[0027] In related technologies, the battery warranty period is often divided into three usage phases: the initial phase, the intermediate phase, and the final phase. In the final phase, the user is reminded that the battery needs to be replaced. Once the battery warranty period has expired, the battery is no longer covered by the warranty and the corresponding management. However, many users frequently ignore the battery replacement reminder and continue using the battery. If the battery is not managed properly in this case, the likelihood of battery safety incidents increases significantly. The embodiments of the present application define five usage phases for batteries, including the initial phase,The intermediate and final phases within the warranty period, as well as the safety and hazardous phases outside the warranty period, are addressed. On the one hand, the present application follows changes in the battery's health after it reaches the final phase in order to limit the battery's state-of-charge usage interval accordingly, so that the charging and discharging rate can be adjusted to the state-of-charge usage interval. This allows the battery's charging and discharging behavior to better adapt to its health and slow down the decline in battery life. On the other hand, the present application also establishes a safety phase and a hazardous phase after the battery's warranty period has expired. The safety phase is a phase in which the battery can remain safe according to the reduced usage interval, and it instructs users toTo confidently use the battery outside the warranty period to improve the user experience; on the other hand, deactivating the battery after it has discharged to the lowest charge level in the dangerous phase forces the battery to be scrapped, thus preventing harm to users when the battery safety factor is greatly reduced, and improving battery safety.

[0028] In the derating protection method provided by the present embodiment for a battery during an application process, the application phase of the battery under test is adjusted according to a deterioration in the battery's health. When the battery under test is in the initial or intermediate phase, the state-of-charge usage interval is set to an initial usage interval. When the battery under test transitions from the intermediate to the final phase, the state-of-charge usage interval is reduced to a lower usage interval.When the battery under test transitions from the safe phase to the hazardous phase, it is forcibly discharged to a lower limit of its reduced operating range. After the forced discharge is complete, the battery's state-of-charge usage interval is set to a single value, thus implementing derating protection. This derating protection is based on the battery's health, which is scientifically sound and rational. It prevents a reduction in battery lifespan due to inappropriate derating and extends the battery's lifespan. Furthermore, it takes into account user usage outside the warranty period and enhances battery safety.

[0029] Fig.Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of the setup of a method for derating protection of a battery, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing embodiments and with reference to Fig. 6. The procedure for derating and protecting the battery includes the following: S201. Adapting an application phase of a battery under test according to a deterioration in the health of the battery under test during an application process of a battery under test. S202. Setting a state-of-charge usage interval of the battery under test to an initial usage interval in response to the fact that the battery under test is in the initial or intermediate phase. S203. Reducing the state-of-charge usage interval to a reduced usage interval in response to the battery under test transitioning from the intermediate phase to the final phase. S204. Forced discharge of the battery under test to a lower limit of the reduced usage range in response to the battery under test transitioning from the safe phase to the hazardous phase. S205. Setting the charge level usage interval of the battery under test to a single value after completion of the forced discharge.

[0030] Steps S201, S202, S203, S204 and S205 correspond to steps S101, S102, S103, S104 and S105 of the previous embodiments and have the same content and are not described again here.

[0031] S206. Reducing the state of performance value of the battery under test according to the deterioration of the battery's state of health.

[0032] A battery state-of-charge (SOP) value is used to describe the maximum power the battery can deliver or receive at any given time, and this value can also be understood as a quantitative measure of the battery's power tolerance. During battery use, the battery management system can schedule the battery's charge and discharge rates based on the SOP value to prevent overcharging and over-discharging, thus extending battery life. In this embodiment, the SOP of the battery under test decreases as its health deteriorates. For example, the SOP may correspond to the battery's health, and the SOP may also decrease gradually as the battery's health deteriorates.For example, if in the initial phase the health range of the battery under test is (90%, 100%), the state of performance value is 100%; if in the intermediate phase the health range of the battery under test is (80%, 90%), the state of performance value is 90%; if in the final phase the health range of the battery under test is (70%, 80%), the state of performance value is 80%; if in the safety phase the health range of the battery under test is (60%, 70%), the state of performance value is 70%; in the hazardous phase, if the health range of the battery under test is (0, 60%), the battery is deactivated and the state of performance value is 0%.Furthermore, the state of health value determined on the basis of the decrease in health can only be the baseline state of health value, whereby the actual state of health value applied by the battery management system on this basis can be multiplied by a temperature coefficient and / or a residual state of charge coefficient.

[0033] S207. Setting a safety status estimate of the battery under test to a preset maximum value.

[0034] The State of Safety (SOS) value of the battery under test is a quantitative assessment of the battery's safety under specific conditions and a quantified safety value displayed to the user. If the state-of-charge usage interval is set to change depending on the application phase, and the battery must be scrapped during the hazardous phase, the battery's theoretical safety can be guaranteed. Subsequently, the State of Safety value can be set to a preset maximum value to demonstrate the battery's superior safety to the user. For example, the preset maximum value could be 100%.Furthermore, the safety state estimate determined in this step can only be the base value of the safety state, and the actual value of the safety state applied or displayed by the battery management system can be multiplied on this basis by at least one of an aging coefficient of the device, an aging coefficient of the circuit, and a temperature coefficient.

[0035] S208. Determining an evaluation value of the functional state of the battery under test as a preset maximum value in response to the fact that the battery under test is in the initial phase, intermediate phase, final phase or safety phase.

[0036] The State of Function (SOF) rating of the battery under test is a quantitative value used for a comprehensive performance evaluation of the battery's overall state of function. If the state of charge and state of function values ​​are adjusted according to the battery's health, and the maximum values ​​of its various functions are also adjusted accordingly, then the battery under test can perform its functions in all phases of non-mandatory disposal. In this embodiment, the State of Function rating is set to the preset maximum value that accurately reflects the battery's state of function in the initial, intermediate, final, or safety phases. For example, the preset maximum value could be 100%.

[0037] S209. Determining the assessment value of the functional state of the battery under test as a preset minimum value in response to the fact that the battery under test is in the hazardous phase.

[0038] If the battery under test is in the hazardous phase, this indicates that the battery is deactivated. At this point, various functions of the battery under test cannot operate, so the evaluation value for the battery's functional state is determined as a preset minimum value to accurately reflect the battery's functional state during the hazardous phase. For example, the preset minimum value could be 0%.

[0039] For example, Fig.Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the course of each parameter during the entire service life of a battery under test, as provided by an embodiment of the present application. The derating of the battery state of X (SOX) in the figure specifically relates to the adjustment of SOS, SOF, SOP, and SOC mentioned in the present embodiment, where the usage interval of the SOC is represented by the maximum value SOCmax and the minimum value SOCmin; the various state parameters of the corresponding usage intervals SOH, SOS, SOF, SOP, and SOC of the machine during the application phase of the battery under test are shown in Table 2. In combination with Fig.According to Figure 7 and Table 2, the SOH range corresponding to the initial phase BOL is [90%, 100%], then corresponding to the SOH, SOS is 100%, SOF is 100%, and SOP is 100%, with the minimum value SOCmin being 0% in the SOC utilization interval and the maximum value SOCmax being 100%. The SOH range corresponding to the intermediate phase MOL is [80%, 90%], then corresponding to the SOH, SOS is 100%, SOF is 100%, and SOP is 90%, with the minimum value SOCmin being 0% in the SOC utilization interval and the maximum value SOCmax being 100%. The health status range corresponding to the final phase EOL is [70%, 80%], then corresponding to the SOH, SOS is 100%, SOF is 100%, and SOP is 80%, with the minimum value SOCmin in the The SOC usage interval is 10% and the maximum value SOCmax is 90%.The health status range corresponding to the safety phase SOL is [60%, 70%], then corresponding to the SOH, SOS is 100%, SOF is 100%, and SOP is 70%, where the minimum value SOCmin in the SOC usage interval is 10% and the maximum value SOCmax is 90%. The health status range corresponding to the hazardous phase HOL is [0, 60%], then corresponding to the SOH, SOS is 100%, SOF is 0%, and SOP is 0%, where the minimum value SOCmin in the SOC usage interval is 10% and the maximum value SOCmax is 10%. Table 2. Comparison table of the application phase of the battery to be tested and the corresponding various state parameters Application phase SOH SOS SOF SOP SOCmax SOCmin BOL (90%, 100%] 100% 100% 100% 100% 0% MOL (80%, 90%] 100% 100% 90% EOL (70%, 80%] 100% 100% 80% 90% 10% SOL (60%, 70%] 100% 100% 70% HOL (0, 60%] 100% 0% 0% 10% 10%

[0040] In the battery derating protection method provided in this embodiment, the state-of-the-art value of the battery under test is reduced accordingly, based on the deterioration of the battery's health. An estimated value for the battery's state of safety is set to a preset maximum value.If the battery under test is in the initial, intermediate, final, or safety phase, a preset maximum value is determined for its functional state of the battery under test; if the battery under test is in a hazardous phase, the preset minimum value is determined for its functional state of the battery under test, thereby realizing the appropriate setting of the battery's performance state, functional state, and safety state estimates at each stage, with each state parameter being set according to the battery's health status, resulting in high reliability, extended battery life, and battery safety.

[0041] The present application also proposes a device for derating and protecting batteries. Fig.Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a device for derating protection of a battery, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application. Based on the foregoing embodiments, with reference to Fig. 8, the device for derating protection of battery 800 comprises a phase matching module 801, an initial state of charge setting module 802, a state of charge limiting module 803, a forced discharge module 804 and an individual state of charge setting module 805.

[0042] The phase adjustment module 801 is designed so that during an application process of the battery under test, an application phase of the battery under test is adjusted according to a deterioration of a health condition of the battery under test, wherein the application phase includes an initial phase, an intermediate phase, a final phase, a safety phase and a hazardous phase, depending on the health condition from high to low.

[0043] The initial state-of-charge setting module 802 is configured to set the state-of-charge usage interval of the battery under test to an initial usage interval in response to the fact that the battery under test is in the initial or intermediate phase.

[0044] The state-of-charge limiting module 803 is configured such that, in response to the battery under test transitioning from the intermediate phase to the final phase, the state-of-charge usage interval is reduced to a reduced usage interval, with one range of the reduced usage interval being smaller than one range of the initial usage interval.

[0045] The forced discharge module 804 is designed so that, in response to the battery under test transitioning from the safe phase to the hazardous phase, the battery under test is forcibly discharged to a lower limit of the reduced usage range.

[0046] The single charge state setting module 805 is set so that after completion of the forced discharge, the charge state usage interval of the battery to be tested is set to a single value, where the single value corresponds to the lower limit of the reduced usage interval.

[0047] Optional Fig. 9 a schematic diagram of the construction of another device for derating protection of battery, which is provided by an embodiment of the present application, and based on the foregoing embodiments, the device for derating protection of battery comprises, with reference to Fig. 9 also at least one of a performance state value adjustment module 901, a safety state setting module 902 and a functional state evaluation value setting module 903.

[0048] The Performance State Value Adjustment Module 901 is configured to reduce the Performance State Value of the battery under test as its health deteriorates.

[0049] The 902 safety status setting module is designed to set the safety status of the battery under test to a preset maximum value.

[0050] The functional state rating value setting module 903 is configured such that, if the battery under test is in the initial phase, intermediate phase, final phase or safety phase, a functional state rating of the battery under test is determined as a preset maximum value, whereas, if the battery under test is in a hazardous phase, the functional state rating of the battery under test is set to the preset minimum value.

[0051] The device for battery derating protection provided by the embodiments of the present application can perform the method for battery derating protection provided by embodiments of the present application and has functional modules and advantageous effects that correspond to performing the method.

[0052] Fig.Figure 10 is a schematic structural representation of an electronic device that can be used to implement exemplary embodiments of the present application. The electronic device refers to various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, mobile phones, smartphones, wearable devices (like helmets, glasses, watches, and the like), and other similar computing devices. The components shown here, their connections and relationships, and their functions are only examples.

[0053] As in Fig.As shown in Figure 10, the electronic device 1000 comprises at least one processor 11 and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11, for example, a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, and the like, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various actions and processes according to the computer program that is stored in the ROM 12 or loaded into the RAM 13 from the memory unit 18. Various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 1000 can also be stored in the RAM 13. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are interconnected via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0054] Several components in the electronic device 1000 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 enables the electronic device 1000 to exchange information / data with other devices via computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0055] Processor 11 can consist of a variety of general and / or specialized processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Processor 11 includes a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated computing chips for artificial intelligence (AI), various processors executing machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any other suitable processors, controllers, microcontrollers, etc. Processor 11 performs various methods and processes described above, such as the battery derating protection procedure.

[0056] In some embodiments, the battery derating protection method can be implemented as a computer program that is physically contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as the memory unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed onto the electronic device 1000 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the battery derating protection method described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 can be configured to perform the battery derating protection method by other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0057] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard parts (ASSPs), system-on-chips (state-of-charge), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmwares, software and / or combinations thereof.The various embodiments may include the following: implementations in one or more computer programs, wherein the one or more computer programs are executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system comprising at least one programmable processor, wherein the programmable processor may be a programmable special-purpose processor or a general-purpose processor, wherein data and instructions can be received from the storage system, the at least one input device and the at least one output device, and data and instructions are transferred to the storage system, the at least one input device and the at least one output device.

[0058] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a specialized computer, or another programmable data processing device, such that, when executed by the processor, these computer programs implement the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. The computer programs can be executed entirely on one machine, partially on one machine, as a standalone software package partly on one machine and partly on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0059] In the present application, a computer-readable storage medium can be a physical medium that can contain or store a computer program for use by a system, device, or apparatus for executing instructions, or for use in conjunction with a system, device, or apparatus for executing instructions. A computer-readable storage medium can comprise electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or apparatus, or any suitable combination thereof. Alternatively, the computer-readable storage medium can be a machine-readable signaling medium.The machine-readable storage medium may include one or more wired electrical connections, portable computer disks, hard disks, RAM, ROM, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic cables, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0060] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device comprising: a display device for showing information to the user (e.g., a cathode ray tube (CRT) or liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor); and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) by which a user can input information into the electronic device. Other types of devices may also be used for user interaction; feedback provided to the user may, for example, be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual, auditory, or tactile); and input from the user may be of any form (including auditory, speech, or tactile input).

[0061] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computer system comprising back-end components (e.g., a data server), or in a computer system comprising middleware components (e.g., an application server), or in a computer system (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which the user can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein) comprising front-end components, or in a computer system comprising any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The system components can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the internet.

[0062] A computer system can comprise clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally geographically dispersed and typically interact via a communication network. A relationship between a client and a server is established by a computer program running on a corresponding computer, thus creating a client-server relationship. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system designed to address the shortcomings of difficult management and limited business scalability found in traditional physical hosts and VPS (Virtual Private Server) services.

[0063] It is understood that various forms of the process shown above can be used, with steps being rearranged, added, or deleted. For example, each step described in this application can be carried out in parallel, sequentially, or in any other order, provided that the desired results of the technical solution of this application can be achieved. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited non-patent literature

[0000] Wednesday, July 31, 2024

[0001]

Claims

[1] Electronic device, the electronic device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory that is communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, wherein the computer program is executed by the at least one processor in such a way that the at least one processor is able to perform the following operations: Adapting an application phase of a battery under test according to a deterioration in the health of the battery under test during an application process of a battery under test, wherein the application phase includes an initial phase, an intermediate phase, a final phase, a safety phase and a hazardous phase according to the health status from high to low; Setting a charge level usage interval of the battery under test to an initial usage interval in response to the fact that the battery under test is in the initial or intermediate phase; Reducing the state-of-charge usage interval to a reduced usage interval in response to the battery under test transitioning from the intermediate phase to the final phase, where a range of the reduced usage interval is smaller than a range of the initial usage interval; Forcibly discharging the battery under test to a lower limit of the reduced usage range in response to the battery transitioning from the safe phase to the hazardous phase; Setting the state-of-charge usage interval of the battery under test to a single value after completion of the forced discharge, where the single value corresponds to the lower limit of the reduced usage interval. [2] Electronic device according to claim 1, wherein, at the same time as adjusting an application phase of the battery under test according to a deterioration of a health state of the battery under test, the at least one processor also performs the following operations: Reducing the state of performance value of the battery under test in accordance with the deterioration of the battery's health. [3] Electronic device for derating protection of batteries according to claim 1, wherein, at the same time, when adjusting an application phase of the battery under test according to a deterioration of a health state of the battery under test, the at least one processor also performs the following operations: Setting a safety status estimate of the battery under test to a preset maximum value. [4] Electronic device for derating protection of batteries according to claim 1, wherein, at the same time, when adjusting an application phase of the battery under test according to a deterioration of a health state of the battery under test, the at least one processor also performs the following operations: Determining an evaluation value of the functional state of the battery under test as a preset maximum value in response to the fact that the battery under test is in the initial phase, intermediate phase, final phase or safety phase; Determining the evaluation value of the functional state of the battery under test as a preset minimum value in response to the fact that the battery under test is in the hazardous phase. [5] Electronic device for derating protection of batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, prior to delivery of the battery to be tested, the at least one processor also performs the following operations: Measuring the relationship between voltage and charging and discharging capacity during a charging and discharging process of the battery under test; where, after setting the charge / usage interval of the battery to be tested to an initial usage interval, the procedure also includes the following: Determining a battery voltage that corresponds to an upper and lower limit of the initial usage interval, based on the relationship curve; Controlling the charging and discharging state of the battery under test according to the battery voltage, which corresponds to the upper and lower limits of the initial usage interval; where, after reducing the state-of-charge usage interval to the reduced usage interval, the procedure also includes the following: Determining a battery voltage that corresponds to an upper and lower limit of the reduced usage interval, based on the relationship curve; Control of the charging and discharging state of the battery under test is based on the battery voltage, which corresponds to the upper and lower limits of the reduced usage interval. [6] Electronic device according to claim 5, wherein the battery to be tested comprises a lithium iron phosphate battery; wherein, when the battery to be tested is the lithium iron phosphate battery, the battery voltage corresponding to the upper limit of the initial usage interval is 3.65V and the battery voltage corresponding to the lower limit of the initial usage interval is 2.5V, wherein the battery voltage corresponding to the upper limit of the reduced usage interval is 3.54V and the battery voltage corresponding to the lower limit of the reduced usage interval is 3.03V. [7] Electronic device according to claim 5, wherein the battery to be tested comprises a lithium nickel cobalt manganate battery; wherein, when the battery to be tested is the lithium nickel cobalt manganate battery, the battery voltage corresponding to the upper limit of the initial usage interval is 4.3V and the battery voltage corresponding to the lower limit of the initial usage interval is 2.8V, wherein the battery voltage corresponding to the upper limit of the reduced usage interval is 4.24V and the battery voltage corresponding to the lower limit of the reduced usage interval is 3.43V. [8] Electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a corresponding health status range for the initial phase is (90%, 100%); wherein a corresponding health status range for the intermediate phase is (80%, 90%); wherein a corresponding health status range for the final phase is (70%, 80%); wherein a corresponding health status range for the safety phase is (60%, 70%); wherein a corresponding health status range for the hazardous phase is (0, 60%).

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