126 results about "Ionic diffusion" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of design and preparation of solid electrolyte materials, and particularly relates to a LiBH4-based composite solid electrolyte material and a preparation method thereof.The LiBH4-based composite solid electrolyte material is obtained by performing high-energy ball milling on a mixture of LiBH4 and one or two metal halides MX2 in a certain molar ratio in an argon atmosphere; m is Mg, Zn, Ni or Bi; x is F, Cl, Br or I. According to the LiBH4 composite solid electrolyte prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the ionic conductivity at room temperature is improved to 10 <-4 > S cm <-1 > or above, and the ion diffusion activation energy is only 0.16 eV; the process is simple, the preparation time is short, the repeatability is high, no pollution is caused to the environment, and the industrial production requirement is met, so that the all-solid-state lithium ion battery electrolyte is expected to realize commercialized application.

The invention provides an intrinsic solid-state ion diffusion coefficient test method and device based on optical imaging, and relates to the technical field of solid-state ion test.The method comprises the steps that a test sample is pretreated; carrying out a photoelectric test on the test sample; placing the electrochemical cell in an optical imaging system, connecting the electrochemical cell with an electrical testing system, applying a constant voltage deviating from a steady state to the monodisperse electrode plate, collecting the real-time change condition of the material under the modulation of the constant voltage in real time through an industrial camera, and outputting relational data of optical intensity and time; analyzing the diffusion path through in-situ characterization equipment, and obtaining an ion diffusion path corresponding to the to-be-detected ion battery electrode material particles in combination with dynamic information provided by an optical imaging system; and determining the characteristic time according to the relational data of the optical intensity and the time, and determining the intrinsic solid ion diffusion coefficient corresponding to the test sample by combining the characteristic time and the ion diffusion path corresponding to the to-be-tested ion battery electrode material particles.

The invention relates to the technical field of supercapacitors, and particularly discloses a spherical hollow multi-layer high-entropy metal oxide and a preparation method and application thereof. The spherical hollow multi-layer high-entropy metal oxide is prepared by the following steps: cross-linking metal cation nitrate comprising iron nitrate nonahydrate, zinc nitrate hexahydrate, copper nitrate hexahydrate, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and nickel nitrate hexahydrate with dextrose monohydrate to generate spherical high-entropy metal hydroxide FeZnCuCoNi-HO with a solid core structure, and annealing to induce the metal hydroxide. And the spherical hollow multi-layer high-entropy metal oxide is formed. Compared with the prior art, the high-entropy metal oxide is prepared through a low-energy-consumption and simple synthesis method, the problem of volume change of the high-entropy metal oxide serving as an electrode material in the circulation process is solved, more reaction active sites are provided, an ion diffusion path is improved, and the specific capacitance of the composite material is improved while the specific capacitance of the composite material is improved. And the stability of the material is maintained, so that the energy storage performance of the supercapacitor is improved.

The invention discloses a graphite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of carbon materials and energy storage. The graphite material provided by the invention comprises a first pore region and a second pore region, the second hole area is located outside the first hole area; the aperture of the first hole region is less than or equal to 15nm; the aperture of the second hole area is larger than 15 nm and smaller than or equal to 50 nm. The graphite material has the gradient pore structure of the first pore region and the second pore region, and the pore structure is reasonable, so that the graphite material has relatively high crystal orientation degree, the ion diffusion energy barrier is effectively reduced, and the fast charging performance of the graphite material under high magnification is greatly improved.

The present invention provides a super junction device and a forming method therefor. The super junction device comprises: a substrate, the substrate comprising a first surface; a deep trench located in the substrate from the first surface; an insulating layer located on the sidewall surface of the deep trench; a doped pillar located in the deep trench, the doped pillar having first dopant ions therein, wherein in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the substrate, the concentration of the first dopant ions in the doped pillar and the width of the deep trench have a self-adaptive matching relationship, and wherein the doped pillar comprises: a first polysilicon layer located on the surface of the insulating layer and the bottom surface of the deep trench, the first polysilicon layer having the first dopant ions therein; and a second polysilicon layer located on the surface of the first polysilicon layer, wherein a portion of the first dopant ions in the first polysilicon layer diffuses into the second polysilicon layer. The super junction device effectively increases the breakdown voltage, provides the possibility for further reduction of the device size, and has a wide range of applications.

The invention belongs to the related field of battery materials, and discloses a lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof, the lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material comprises a core, a transition layer and a coating layer, the transition layer at least coats part of the surface of the core, and the coating layer at least coats part of the surface of particles formed by the core and the transition layer. The transition layer and the coating layer not only can isolate electrolyte and improve the interface stability, but also can promote the transmission of lithium ions through the formed heterojunction structure; the transition layer is a lithium-rich material doped with an element M and an element N and is used for connecting the coating layer and the core and reducing the possibility of interface defects between the coating layer and the core, and lithium ions can be promoted to be transferred into the doped lithium-rich layer from the outer layer by doping the element M and the element N, so that the conductivity and the ion diffusion rate of the positive electrode material are improved; the inner layer is made of a pure-phase lithium-rich material and is homologous with the middle layer, and lithium ions can still be quickly embedded into the inner layer from the middle layer while high capacity is kept.

This invention belongs to the field of hydraulic structure analysis technology, specifically disclosing a gravity dam coupling analysis method, system, electronic equipment, and storage medium, including: models describing water flow in concrete, the relationship between water pressure and stress, the dissolution reaction process, and the coupling of ion diffusion with water flow. By acquiring influencing variables, parameters of each model are correlated, and a solubility function considering performance parameters is established and dynamically updated. The solubility function is iteratively trained using experimental data to construct a finite element model, and simulations are performed based on the trained function. Early warnings are generated based on the simulation results to predict the concrete deterioration process and optimize maintenance decisions. It has the following advantages: by coupling multiple models such as water flow, chemical dissolution, and hydraulic fracturing, the long-term deterioration process of concrete under the action of water flow and dissolution is accurately simulated. The introduction of a solubility function and dynamic updating of material parameters, considering time-varying deterioration effects, comprehensively improves the accuracy of deterioration prediction and simulation results.

The invention relates to the technical field of oxide preparation, and discloses a three-dimensional porous high-entropy oxide preparation method, which comprises: dissolving a plurality of metal salts in deionized water according to an equal molar ratio; dropwise adding ammonia water into the metal salt mixed solution, and regulating the pH value of the solution to 4.8-8.2; carrying out homogenization treatment on the solution of which the pH value is regulated and controlled in a water bath of 50-60 DEG C; drying the stable precursor solution to obtain a precursor; calcining the precursor powder in an air atmosphere to form a three-dimensional porous structure; and grinding, cleaning and drying the high-entropy oxide material. The hydrolysis-polycondensation behavior of the precursor is accurately regulated and controlled through the pH value, a three-dimensional through pore channel structure is directly constructed without sacrificing a template, the process is simplified and environmentally friendly, systematic regulation and control of parameters such as pore channel morphology and specific surface area are achieved, and the prepared spinel type high-entropy oxide material has excellent ion diffusion efficiency and electrochemical performance and is suitable for industrial production. Higher specific capacity and cycling stability are shown in the field of lithium ion battery negative electrode materials.

The invention discloses a device and a method for testing a steam oxidation mass transfer mechanism of a metal material. The device comprises a reaction chamber, and a sample holder is arranged in the reaction chamber; the gas inlet end of the reaction chamber is simultaneously connected with an 18O2 storage piece, an inert gas storage piece, an H216O storage piece and a D218O storage piece; a first heating assembly is arranged outside the reaction chamber, a second heating assembly is arranged outside the H216O storage part, and a third heating assembly is arranged outside the D218O storage part. According to the method disclosed by the invention, an invisible ion diffusion path is converted into a detectable signal gradient through isotope labeling, and experimental verification of an oxygen ion / metal cation diffusion dominant mechanism, visual proving of a hydroxyl participation oxidation process and quantitative analysis of a dissolved oxygen effect are realized for the first time; and a direct experimental criterion is provided for optimization of the oxidation resistance of the metal material.

The application relates to a high-capacity porous niobium pentoxide material and a preparation method and application thereof, relates to niobium pentoxide and preparation and application thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems of low conductivity and slow ion diffusion of existing orthogonal phase niobium pentoxide materials. The material is formed by interconnection of 100-300 nm niobium pentoxide matrix nanoparticles, growth of 10-30 nm secondary nanoparticles on the surface, and a 'raspberry-like' multi-level assembly morphology; the material has a pore diameter of 2-20 nm, a specific surface area of 15-45 m 2 / g; and has an orthogonal phase niobium pentoxide structure and carbon doping characteristics. The material is prepared by using a surfactant containing a quaternary ammonium cation as a soft template, utilizing electrostatic-coordination synergistic action to drive niobium salt and organic quaternary ammonium cation assembly, and high-temperature sintering in an inert atmosphere. When used as a negative electrode of a lithium ion battery, the material reaches a capacity of 350 mAh / g at a current density of 0.1 A / g, and can be used in the field of fast-charging type alkali metal ion batteries.

The invention belongs to the field of polymer batteries, and relates to a polymer solid-state battery, a use method of an electrolyte membrane of the polymer solid-state battery, a polymer solid-state battery electrolyte and a solid-state lithium battery electrolyte. The polymer solid-state battery electrolyte comprises one or more groups selected from an alcohol group, a hydroxyl group, an amine group, a halogenated group, a sulfonic acid group, an acyl group, a dilute hydrocarbon material and a carboxyl group, a film has high thermal stability, and the average coulombic efficiency of a battery of the polymer electrolyte is higher than 99%. The polymer solid-state battery electrolyte has high cycling stability, the membrane of the polymer solid-state battery electrolyte has good ionic conductivity, exchange and transmission of lithium ions are promoted, the high ionic conductivity of the membrane reflects good ion diffusion and migration ability of the membrane, and the membrane has a high electrochemical window; the membrane of the polymer solid-state battery electrolyte improves the contact or compatibility effect of an electrode and a solid-state electrolyte interface, and the membrane of the polymer solid-state battery electrolyte has profound significance in solid-state batteries and electrolytes.

A composite cathode material precursor, its preparation method, and its application are disclosed. The composite cathode material precursor comprises an N-doped iron phosphate core and an M-doped iron phosphate coating layer covering the surface of the iron phosphate core. The N element includes at least one selected from Mn, Ni, Co, Cr, V, Mg, Sr, Nb, La, Nd, Ce, and Y, and the M element includes at least one selected from Al, Ti, and Zr. By introducing doping elements N and M into the core and coating layer of the cathode material precursor, respectively, the crystal structure of iron phosphate can be adjusted, improving its conductivity and ion diffusion rate. Furthermore, the doping elements N and M form a synergistic effect in the composite cathode material precursor, comprehensively improving the structural stability, cycle life, ion transport rate, and electrochemical performance of the cathode material by optimizing the crystal nucleus structure, enhancing the stability of the coating layer, and regulating the electronic structure.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a bulk phase-surface layer gradient doped niobium titanium oxygen negative electrode material by adopting a fused salt electrochemical method and application, and belongs to the field of negative electrode material preparation. The method comprises the following specific steps: preparing a niobium-titanium-oxygen sheet as a cathode; the method comprises the following steps: by taking a LiCl-KCl eutectic mixture as basic fused salt, sequentially adding a first group of dopants and a second group of dopants; in an inert atmosphere, electrolysis is firstly carried out at a relatively low voltage to reduce the first group of elements and diffuse to a bulk phase; electrolysis is carried out under high voltage, so that the second group of elements are reduced and enriched on the surface layer; and washing, drying and grinding the product to obtain the negative electrode material with component and functional gradients from a bulk phase to a surface layer. A continuous gradient structure with a bulk phase rich in high-conductivity elements and a surface layer rich in fast ion elements is constructed in a single particle. According to the structure, the intrinsic electron conductivity, the bulk phase ion diffusion rate and the interface ion migration kinetics of the material are synergistically improved, and the low-temperature fast charging performance, the rate capability and the cycling stability of the material serving as the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery are remarkably enhanced.

The application discloses a method for determining a silicate cement hydration performance index, comprising the following steps: 1) respectively establishing mathematical relational expressions of mineral phase dissolution, hydration product deposition, ion adsorption reaction rate and ion concentration; 2) establishing chemical field control equations of mineral phase dissolution, product deposition, ion diffusion and ion adsorption reaction coupling in the hydration process, and potential field and temperature field control equations; combining corresponding boundary and initial conditions, solving the three groups of control equations, and outputting the results of ion concentration, potential and temperature changes with time and spatial distribution in the whole hydration process; and 3) establishing a hydration heat calculation formula of the whole hydration process of the silicate cement. The application further discloses an analysis device. The method is more in line with the real situation of the silicate cement hydration, more accurately describes the cement hydration process from the essential mechanism, can completely, accurately and truly reflect the silicate cement hydration process, and has important research and popularization significance.

The invention provides a self-cleaning electrochemical descaling cathode material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of preparation of high-performance cathode materials. The cathode material is prepared by sequentially preparing the porous micro-nano nickel array and the polymer layer on the metal substrate, when the cathode material is used for electrochemical descaling, the porous micro-nano nickel array can serve as an OH <-> carrier to generate alkalinity and provide a way for ion diffusion, generation of OH <-> and scaling precipitation reaction of Mg < 2 + > and Ca < 2 + > are separated to different areas of a composite cathode, and the composite cathode material is used for electrochemical descaling. And the smooth surface reduces the adhesion of the scaling, causes spontaneous scaling and shedding, ensures the continuous generation of the precipitate, and reduces the inactivation rate of the cathode and the energy consumption.

The invention discloses a manganese-lanthanum double-element gradient doped calcium-based desulfurizing agent and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of flue gas purification. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a precursor, namely mixing calcium hydroxide, manganous nitrate and lanthanum nitrate, and preparing the precursor by adopting a sol-gel method; gradient doping control: calcining through temperature programming, and forming a gradient doping material by utilizing the diffusion rate difference of Mn < 2 + > and La < 3 + > ions; surface electron structure regulation and control: carrying out heat treatment on the gradient doped material in an inert atmosphere, replacing Ca < 2 + > with Mn < 2 + > to form oxygen vacancy, and improving electron mobility; la < 3 + > forms a La-O-Ca bond on the surface, so that the surface energy is reduced. The preparation method is efficient, the prepared desulfurizing agent has high activity and stability, acid gas in flue gas can be effectively removed, and the problems that an existing material is low in deacidification efficiency in a medium-high-temperature low-water environment and large in medium-low-temperature spraying fly ash amount are solved.

This invention provides a cathode material, its preparation method, and its application. The cathode material is Li(TM). 1‑a M a )O 2‑b N b (TM represents a transition metal, M represents a cation replacing the transition metal, and N represents an anion replacing oxygen, where 0.01 ≤ a < 1, 0.01 ≤ b < 2). At least one cation and one anion are doped at the interface of the cathode material using a coating-based heat treatment method. Co-doping of cations and anions is achieved at the interface of the cathode material using this method; the doping depth is 10–500 nm. Cation doping stabilizes the material lattice through strong M-O bonds, inhibiting transition metal migration; anion doping reduces oxygen activity and simultaneously adjusts the electronic band structure, improving electronic conductivity. Therefore, Li(TM) 1‑a M a )O 2‑b N b It has a synergistic optimization effect, which not only significantly improves the ion diffusion coefficient and thus optimizes the rate performance, but also improves the cycle stability by enhancing structural stability, thus having great application value and development prospects.

The invention relates to a method for doping a two-dimensional material through gas-phase ion exchange, which comprises the following steps: adopting an ion exchange reaction, placing a substrate with the two-dimensional material in an ion exchange atmosphere, and protecting a region which does not need to be doped by using a photoresist, the ion exchange atmosphere comprising metal ions, metal ions in the ion exchange atmosphere are adsorbed by the two-dimensional material, and metal ions in the two-dimensional material, which are not protected by the photoresist, are replaced by diffusion for doping, so that regional doping is realized. Compared with the prior art, doping of the two-dimensional material is realized through ion diffusion by utilizing the ion exchange reaction, and specific metal cations are introduced into different regions of the synthesized two-dimensional material, so that the doping region and the doping concentration can be effectively controlled, and the material damage is reduced.

The invention provides a bone adhesion solid-phase composition, a bone adhesive as well as a preparation method and application of the bone adhesive, and belongs to the technical field of bone repair materials. The invention provides a bone bonding solid-phase composition which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-60% of phosphoserine, 10-80% of calcium phosphate and 5-50% of polyglutamic acid. According to the invention, by adding the polyglutamic acid and utilizing the chelation of the polyglutamic acid and calcium ions, the polyglutamic acid is adsorbed on the surface of the powder to form steric hindrance, the viscosity is improved, the ion diffusion is delayed, the reaction rate of calcium phosphate and phosphoserine is reduced, and the curing time is prolonged; meanwhile, due to the viscosity, the early-stage viscosity and the overall compressive strength of the material are enhanced. The result of the embodiment shows that the putty time of the bone adhesive prepared from the bone adhesive solid-phase composition provided by the invention can reach 20-70 minutes, and the adhesive strength and compressive strength are remarkably enhanced.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochromic materials and glass preparation, in particular to a preparation method of sandwich type all-solid-state inorganic electrochromic glass which is formed by sequentially compounding a tempered glass layer, a film layer and an electrochromic film layer pile. The thickness of the tempered glass layer is 4 mm, and the film layer is a PVB film and is 0.76 mm thick. The electrochromic film layer stack takes sodium-calcium non-tempered glass with the thickness of 3mm as a substrate, and an anti-ion diffusion layer, a first conductive layer, a first resistive layer, a negative electrode color changing layer, a second resistive layer, a positive electrode color changing layer, a third resistive layer, a second conductive layer and an outermost protective layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the substrate from inside to outside; the anti-ion diffusion layer is a silicon dioxide layer, and the thickness is 200 nm. According to the preparation method of the sandwich type all-solid-state inorganic electrochromic glass provided by the invention, through precise design of each film layer structure of the glass and gradient optimization of a preparation process, the comprehensive performance of a product is synergistically improved, and many problems in the prior art are effectively solved.

The invention provides a preparation method of a semiconductor device, and belongs to the technical field of semiconductors, and the method comprises the steps: providing a substrate, and forming a gate structure on the substrate; etching the substrate on the two sides of the gate structure to form source and drain grooves in the substrate; a buffer layer is formed in the source-drain groove, the buffer layer covers the inner wall of the source-drain groove, and at least part of the surface of the buffer layer is provided with a first by-product layer; at least forming a first adsorption layer on the first by-product layer, wherein the first adsorption layer is used for adsorbing doped ions gathered in the first by-product layer; at least removing the first adsorption layer; and forming a seed crystal layer in the source-drain groove, and filling the source-drain groove with the seed crystal layer. According to the application, the first adsorption layer is formed on the first by-product layer, the first adsorption layer can adsorb the doped ions gathered in the first by-product layer, and the first adsorption layer is removed, so that the problem that the doped ions in the first by-product layer are diffused during subsequent annealing to cause electric leakage in the device operation process can be relieved or avoided; and the performance of the device is improved.

The invention relates to the field of sodium ion battery negative electrode materials, and discloses an S-doped SnSe / MoSe2 (at) C nanosphere negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, introducing a carbon source through a hydrothermal reaction to realize in-situ carbon compounding so as to form a SnO2 / MoO2 (at) C precursor; and then sulfur-doped heat treatment is carried out, so that the sulfur element is doped into the material structure, and defects and interfaces are regulated and controlled, thereby obtaining the S-doped SnSe / MoSe2 (at) C nanosphere negative electrode material. According to the material, structural attenuation and polarization caused by volume change are reduced by virtue of heterostructure synergy, a carbon conductive network and a stress slow release effect of a nanosphere structure; meanwhile, S doping induces defects, the charge transfer and ion diffusion capacity is improved, the material is suitable for a sodium-ion battery negative electrode, the cycling stability can be remarkably improved, and the high specific capacity can be kept.

The invention discloses a high-capacity porous niobium pentoxide material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, relates to niobium pentoxide as well as preparation and application thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems of low conductivity and slow ion diffusion of the conventional orthorhombic phase niobium pentoxide material. The material is formed by interconnection of niobium pentoxide matrix nanoparticles of 100-300 nm, secondary nanoparticles of 10-30 nm grow on the surface, and the material is in a raspberry-shaped multistage assembly morphology; the catalyst has mesopores with the pore diameter of 2-20 nm and the specific surface area of 15-45 m < 2 > / g; and the material has an orthorhombic phase niobium pentoxide structure and a carbon doping characteristic. The preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking a surfactant containing quaternary ammonium cations as a soft template, driving niobium salt and organic quaternary ammonium cations to be assembled by utilizing an electrostatic-coordination synergistic effect, and sintering at high temperature in an inert atmosphere. When used as a negative electrode of a lithium ion battery, the lithium ion battery can reach the capacity of 350 mAh / g under the current density of 0.1 A / g, and can be used in the field of fast-charge alkali metal ion batteries.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochromism, and provides a porous TiO2 nanosheet array with a super-hydrophilic organic electrolyte characteristic and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that a titanium source is dissolved in a large-steric-hindrance mixed alcohol solvent, and a complex precursor solution is generated through an alcohol exchange reaction; fixing the conductive surface of an FTO conductive glass substrate in the complex precursor solution, and generating an oxygen vacancy-containing porous TiO2 nanosheet array on the FTO conductive glass substrate through solvothermal reaction in an inert atmosphere; and carrying out surface modification on the porous TiO2 nanosheet array containing the oxygen vacancies, and drying to obtain the porous TiO2 nanosheet array with the characteristic of super-affinity to the organic electrolyte. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the performance bottleneck caused by slow ion diffusion, poor interface wettability and dependence on complex doping on near-infrared modulation of a traditional TiO2-based material is solved, and the single-component electrochromic material with fast ion transport kinetics and excellent visible light-near infrared dual-band independent modulation capability is obtained.

The utility model discloses a kind of high-efficiency separation devices of marine fish collagen oligopeptide, comprising: processing kettle, it is reaction kettle structure, the processing kettle upper end opening is equipped with pretreatment box, and pretreatment box receives the mixture from marine fish collagen oligopeptide raw material enzymolysis reaction, is the early treatment for the separation of marine fish collagen oligopeptide.This high-efficiency separation device of marine fish collagen oligopeptide, double-layer separation structure is constituted with gel filtration column and ion exchange resin in device, realize the high-efficiency, high-precision separation of marine fish collagen oligopeptide, the number of gel filtration column set during separation is associated according to the total amount of solution handled, by increasing the number of gel filtration column, it is convenient for a large amount of solution to carry out production separation, water bath temperature environment is constructed simultaneously in the periphery of gel filtration column, so that marine fish collagen oligopeptide and ion activity on ion exchange resin are enhanced, so that ion diffusion speed in ion exchange process is accelerated.

The application relates to a supercapacitor electrode material CNT@M-Ni-OH and a preparation method and application thereof, which comprises the following steps: (1) modifying carbon nanotubes by using a modifier to obtain modified carbon nanotubes; (2) growing microporous MOFs on the modified carbon nanotubes by using a solvothermal or hydrothermal method to obtain a carbon nanotube@MOF composite material; and (3) preparing an electrode material CNT@M-Ni-OH by mixing a dispersion liquid of the carbon nanotube@MOF composite material with a nickel salt solution and performing a hydrothermal reaction, wherein M is a metal ion in the MOFs. The material is a core-shell structure formed by a large number of nanosheet-shaped hydroxides coated around CNTs, can provide more contact areas with electrolytes, promotes ion diffusion, and meanwhile, the CNTs can effectively improve the conductivity of the electrode material and improve electrochemical performance.

The invention provides a preparation method and application of a one-dimensional germanium triphosphide nanowire, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of germanium triphosphide. The one-dimensional germanium triphosphide crystal is prepared by adopting an electrochemical method, which is the first preparation of the material in a one-dimensional form. The one-dimensional germanium triphosphide nanowire is obtained by taking the germanium triphosphide polycrystalline block as a raw material and performing electrochemical preparation on the germanium triphosphide polycrystalline block by adopting an electrochemical dissociation-preparation technology, a brand new thought is provided for preparation of a low-dimensional material, and compared with a traditional preparation method of a one-dimensional material, the preparation method has the advantages of low energy consumption, less time consumption, low cost and easiness in operation. The one-dimensional germanium triphosphide nanowire prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good conductivity, large specific surface area, high ion diffusion rate and the like as an electrode material, has huge application potential and wide development prospect as the electrode material of an energy storage device, and meanwhile, has good mechanical flexibility and can be applied to the field of energy storage devices. Therefore, the material has the potential of serving as an electrode material of novel energy storage devices such as flexible wearable devices and the like.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of a glass composition including SiO2 in an amount in a range from 53 mol % to 84 mol %, Al2O3 in an amount in a range from 0.3 mol % to 20 mol %, Na2O in an amount in a range from 3 mol % to 16 mol %, and at least one of Cs2O or Rb2O in an amount in a range from 0.05 mol % to 8 mol %. The glass composition has a first silver ion diffusivity at 110° C. of 5×10−19 m2 / s or less, and the glass composition has a second silver ion diffusivity at 350° C. of at least 5×10−17 m2 / s at 350° C. The glass composition is particularly suitable for use as a glass substrate of a photonic chip package.

The invention relates to an MXene-based composite electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the field of capacitive deionization. The MXene-based Fe3O4 composite material is synthesized by mixing soluble ferric salt, acetate, urea and a polymer in ethylene glycol through a one-step hydrothermal method, and the prepared electrode is applied to capacitive deionization (CDI) copper removal engineering. Experiments show that the specific capacitance of the composite material is 163.7 F / g under a three-electrode system, and the copper removal capacity can reach 53.9 mg / g within 30 min when 1.2 V voltage is applied. According to the invention, the three-dimensional layered MXene is compounded with the spherical Fe3O4 nanoparticles, so that on one hand, the interlayer spacing of the MXene is enlarged to promote ion diffusion; on the other hand, the volume expansion of Fe3O4 in the copper removal circulation process is relieved by utilizing the structure advantage, and the circulation stability is kept; in addition, the introduction of carbon can improve the conductivity of the composite material and increase the specific capacitance. Based on the research, the CDI technology is effectively applied to heavy metal removal.