Battery pack and electrical consumer
Patent Information
- Application Number
- DE202025101733
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Utility models
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-08-16
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-31
Smart Images
Figure 00000000_0000_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELDThe present application relates to the technical field of batteries, specifically, to a battery pack and an electric load.PRIOR ARTWith the recent energy technologies, electric vehicles have attracted great attention. As a very important component in an electric vehicle, the battery pack is configured to provide sufficient electric power to an electric vehicle. The battery pack includes a case and a battery module disposed therein, the case being configured to provide a storage space and provide collision protection for the battery module, which may improve safety of the battery pack.In related technologies, in a plurality of stacked battery modules in a battery pack, the pressure relief passages between the plurality of battery modules need to be connected to each other via exhaust pipes, the mounting of the exhaust pipes is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also a fixed structure is required for mounting the exhaust pipes, so that the mounting of the exhaust pipes and its fixed structure not only decreases the mounting efficiency of the battery pack, but also increases the weight of the battery pack to some extent and decreases the energy density of the battery pack.DISCLOSURE OF UTILITY MODELIn a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery pack comprising:a box;a plurality of battery modules stacked in the case along the height direction of the case, the battery modules each including a frame and a battery cell set accommodated in the frame; the frames each having a sub-channel, the sub-channels of the frame being connected to each other to form a module pressure relief channel, wherein an ejection generated upon explosion protection valve of the battery pack being exploded can flow into the module pressure relief channel;a pressure relief system connecting the module pressure relief channel to the exterior of the box.In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electric load including a device body and a battery pack according to any one of the above, the device body having a mounting space for accommodating the battery pack.The battery pack provided by the present application forms only one module pressure relief passage through sub-passages on the frame of a plurality of stacked battery modules. When the air pressure in the module pressure relief passage is higher than the preset air pressure, a part of the inside ejection is discharged from the case through the pressure relief system, which not only improves the safety of the battery pack, but also enables light-weight construction of the battery pack and improves the energy density of the battery pack.The electric load provided by the present application can improve the safety of the electric load by using the above battery pack.ILLUSTRATION OF UTILITY MODELFIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the battery pack in FIG. 1 ; FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic view of the battery module in FIG. 2 ; FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of the battery module in FIG. 3 ; FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the battery pack in FIG. 3 ; FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the frame of the battery module provided by an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 8 is a schematic structural illustration of a pressure relief system provided by an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of two adjacent frames provided by an embodiment of the present application in a connected state; FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of two adjacent frames provided by an embodiment of the present application in an exploded state; FIG. 11 is a sectional view of two adjacent frames on the adapter part at one end in the first direction in FIG. 6 ; FIG. 12 is a sectional view of two adjacent frames on the adapter part at another end in the first direction in FIG. 6.Reference Number:100. Box; 1000. First gap; 101. Hood housing; 1011. Top wall; 1012. First surrounding wall surface; 1013. Second surrounding wall surface; 102. Closure plate; 200. Battery module; 2000. Second gap; 20. battery cell protection member; 201. First battery module; 202. Second battery module; 203. Third battery module; 204. Fourth battery module; 300. Module protection element; 400. Pressure relief system 401. Mounting plate; 402. Connecting pipe; 4021. Tubular part; 4022. Sealing portion; 40221. First sealing surface; 40222. Second sealing surface 403. Pressure relief valve; 404. Vent valve; 500. BMS; 1. battery cell set; 2. frame; 21. frame body; 22. channel element; 220. Partial channel; 221. Module Pressure Relief Channel; 222. Pressure relief connection; 23. adapter part; 231. Upper Inner Adapter Part; 232. Upper outer adapter part; 233. Lower Inner Adapter Part; 234. Lower outer adapter part; 211. First frame; 212. Second frame; 213. Third frame; 214. Fourth frame; 3. pressure relief support component; 30. battery cell pressure relief channel; 31. bottom plate; 311. Opening; 32th Support member; 33th Insulation bracket; 331. Pressure relief inlet; 332. Recess; 330. Pressure relief outlet; 4th Cover plate; 5th Fire Snow; 6th Liquid Cooling System; 7th Integrated Busbar; 8th Insulation Cover Plate; 9th Housing.CONCRETE EMBODIMENTSFIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery pack provided by the present application. FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the battery pack provided by the present application. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 2, the battery pack includes a case 100 and a battery module 200 disposed in the case 100, the case 100 being configured to provide collision-proof, waterproof, and dust-proof protection to the battery module 200, the battery module 200 being capable of being charged and discharged to meet the user's power demand.The present application provides an electric load including a device main body and a battery pack, the device body having a mounting space for accommodating the battery pack. The electrical load may be a new energy vehicle, an energy storage device, or other electrical loads, which are not limited herein.FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the battery pack in FIG. 1 As shown in FIG. 3 in combination with FIG. 2, the case 100 includes a hood case 101 and a closure plate 102 fixed to the open end of the hood case 101, the hood case 101 including a top wall 1011 and a surrounding wall surrounding the periphery of the top wall 1011, the surrounding wall including a first surrounding wall surface 1012 and a second surrounding wall surface 1013 spaced apart from each other along the first direction, the first direction being the front-rear direction of the seat, and the height direction of the case 100 being perpendicular to the first direction. The first surrounding wall surface 1012 is disposed opposite to the seat back of the vehicle seat, at least a part of the second surrounding wall surface 1013 is parallel to the first surrounding wall surface 1012, and the first surrounding wall surface 1012 and the second surrounding wall surface 1013 are both provided inclined relative to the closure plate 102; the plurality of battery modules 200 are stacked in the case 100 along the height direction of the case 100 and are sequentially disposed offset from bottom to top along the inclination direction of the first surrounding wall surface 1012. In this battery pack, the battery modules 200 are stacked along the height direction of the case 100, and the height of the battery pack is increased to ensure that the energy of the battery pack remains unchanged, thereby reducing the size of the horizontal space of the battery pack; the case 100 has a first surrounding wall surface 1012 and a second surrounding wall surface 1013 that are inclined to fit the inclined space. For example, when the battery pack of the present embodiment is mounted in the space behind the seat, a plurality of battery modules 200 are sequentially displaced from bottom to top along the inclination direction of the first surrounding wall surface 1012, thereby fully utilizing the interior space of the case 100 and improving the energy density of the battery pack.The above-mentioned specially shaped battery pack can be mounted behind the seat of the vehicle, thereby fully utilizing the height space of the vehicle and extending the range of the vehicle. The specially shaped battery pack may be used behind the seats of B-class cars, also behind the seats of sport cars or smaller vehicles, which is not limited thereto.In one embodiment, it is provided that the closure plate 102 is configured such that it can be fixedly connected to the vehicle chassis, and the end of the surrounding wall of the hood housing 101 facing away from the top wall 1011 has a connecting portion which extends out of the box 100, wherein the connecting portion is sealed and fixedly connected to the closure plate 102. The connecting portion surrounds the periphery of the surrounding wall, and a sealing washer or a sealing adhesive is provided between the connecting portion and the closure plate 102, and the connecting portion and the closure plate 102 are firmly connected to each other by bolts.In an embodiment, it is provided that the angle between the first surrounding wall surface 1012 and the closure plate 102 is in the range of 60° to 75°, wherein the angle between the backrest and the seat cushion of the corresponding seat is in the range of 105° to 120°, in order to ensure the comfort of the seat. The lower end of the second surrounding wall surface 1013 is disposed parallel to the first surrounding wall surface 1012, the upper end of the second surrounding wall surface 1013 conforms to the outer contour of the battery module 200, which can reduce the gap between the second surrounding wall surface 1013 and the battery module 200 to facilitate positioning and fixing of the battery module 200 on the one hand; the appearance size of the case 100 can be reduced on the other hand, and the need for the mounting space of the battery pack can be reduced.In one exemplary embodiment, it is provided that all battery modules 200 have the same shape. All the battery modules 200 are sequentially shifted in the first direction, and the offset distances are all the same. In another embodiment, the shapes of all battery modules 200 of the battery pack may be different or not all the same and may be designed according to the shape of the mounting space, which is not limited here.FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the battery module 200 in FIG. 2 As shown in FIG. 4 in combination with FIG. 3, the battery pack provided by the present application also includes a module protection member 300 and a battery cell protection member 20, the plurality of battery modules 200 are stacked in the case 100 along the height direction of the case 100, a first gap 1000 exists between the battery module 200 and the inner wall of the case 100, at least a part of the module protection member 300 is accommodated in the first gap 1000, and the battery module 200 and the case 100 are fixed relative to each other by the module protection member 300; the battery module 200 includes a housing 9 and a battery cell set 1 accommodated in the housing 9, the battery cell set 1 includes a plurality of integrated battery cells, a second gap 2000 exists between the battery cell set 1 and the inner wall of the housing 9, at least a part of the battery cell protection member 20 is accommodated in the second gap 2000, and the battery cell set 1 and the housing 9 are fixed to each other by the battery cell protection member 20. The battery cell set 1 is fixed in the case 9 by the battery cell protection member 20; and the module protection member 300 fixes the plurality of battery modules 200 in the case 100, wherein the battery cell protection member 20 and the module protection member 300 can achieve double protection, which can not only improve overall safety of the battery pack but also fully utilize the height to increase energy of the battery pack.In the example of FIG. 3, the number of battery modules 200 is four, and the four battery modules 200 are stacked along the height direction of the case 100. In further exemplary embodiments, the number of battery modules 200 may also be two, three, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or the like, which is designed depending on the application scenario of the battery pack, which is not restricted here.In one exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the module protection element 300 is formed by filling the first gap 1000 with a liquid insulating material and then solidifying. For example, after the battery module 200 is installed in the case 100, a foam adhesive or filler adhesive is filled in the first gap 1000 between the battery module 200 and the case 100, and after the foam adhesive or filler adhesive is cured, the module protection member 300 is formed. The module protection member 300 thus formed can not only fix the battery module 200 in the case 100 but also stably support the battery module 200, and the module protection member 300 made of insulating material can reduce the likelihood of the battery pack leaking and improve the safety of the battery pack.In one exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the battery cell protection element 20 is formed by filling the second gap 2000 with a liquid insulating material and then solidifying. For example, after the battery cell set 1 is installed in the case 9, a foam adhesive or filler adhesive is filled in the second gap 2000 between the battery cell set 1 and the case 9, and after the foam adhesive or filler adhesive is cured, the battery cell protection member 20 is formed. The battery cell protection member 20 thus formed can not only fix the battery cell set 1 in the case 9 but also stably support the battery cell set 1, and the battery cell protection member 20 made of insulating material can reduce the likelihood of leakage of the battery cell set 1 and improve the safety of the battery module 200.Further, as shown in FIG. 4 in combination with FIG. 3, the housing 9 includes a frame 2, a cover plate 4, and a bottom plate 31, the frame 2 is a housing structure that extends upward and downward along the height direction of the box 100, the cover plate 4 is fixed to the upper end of the frame 2, and the bottom plate 31 is fixed to the lower end of the frame 2. In assembling the battery module 200, first, the bottom plate 31 is fixed to the lower end of the frame 2, and then the battery cell set 1 and other structures are installed, then insulating material is injected into the closed space formed by the frame 2, the bottom plate 31, and the battery cell set 1. After the insulating material is solidified, the battery cell protecting member 20 is formed, and finally the cover plate 4 is fixed to the upper end of the frame 2.In two adjacent battery modules 200, the bottom plate 31 of the upper case 9 and the cover plate 4 of the lower case 9 are an integrated structure to simplify the connection structure between a plurality of battery modules 200 and improve the mounting efficiency of the battery modules 200.For convenience of description, the battery module 200 fixedly connected to the closure plate 102 is defined as the first battery module 201, and the remaining battery modules 200 are numbered sequentially from bottom to top. The expression that "in two adjacent battery modules 200, the bottom plate 31 of the upper case 9 and the cover plate 4 of the lower case 9 are an integrated structure" means that the bottom plate 31 of the second battery module 202 can serve as the cover plate 4 of the first battery module 201. Also, the bottom plate 31 of the third battery module 203 may be used as the cover plate 4 of the second battery module 202, and the bottom plate 31 of the fourth battery module 204 may be used as the cover plate 4 of the third battery module 203, and assembling a plurality of battery modules 200 in this manner may not only improve assembly efficiency but also reduce the overall weight of the battery pack. In other embodiments, the case 9 of each battery module 200 may also include a frame 2, a cover plate 4, and a bottom plate 31, and at this time, the battery modules 200 may be assembled after the single battery module 200 is assembled, wherein when assembling a single battery module 200, a plurality of workers or automated assembly apparatuses may operate simultaneously, which may also improve assembly efficiency.In an embodiment, it is provided that a sealing disk is located between the connection portion of the hood housing 101 (see FIG. 2 ) and the closure plate 102, wherein the sealing disk is configured to ensure a tight connection between the hood housing 101 and the closure plate 102, thereby to prevent the insulating material from leaking out when the insulating material is cast and solidified to form the module protection element 300.In assembling the battery pack, first, the first battery module 201 (without cover plate 4) is mounted on the closure plate 102 and then the second battery module 202 (without cover plate 4) is mounted on the first battery module 201, then the third battery module 203 (without cover plate 4) is mounted on the second battery module 202, and finally, the fourth battery module 204 (with cover plate 4) is mounted on the third battery module 203, wherein two adjacent battery modules 200 are fixedly connected to each other by fastening members, which can improve connection strength between the battery modules 200 and prevent misalignment between the battery modules 200, thereby improving overall stability and safety of the battery pack. After all the battery modules 200 are assembled, the hood case 101 is placed outside all the battery modules 200, and the hood case 101 and the closure plate 102 are firmly connected to each other.In one exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the battery cell set 1 comprises a plurality of cylindrical battery cells which are spaced apart from one another in one and the same plane. In order to facilitate the assembly of the cylindrical battery cells, the battery module 200 further includes an insulating bracket 33, the insulating bracket 33 being located above the bottom plate 31 and configured to support and mount the battery cell set 1.When the battery cell set 1 undergoes thermal runaway, ejection occurs, which can increase the air pressure in the case 9. In order to prevent the battery cell set 1 from exploding under high-voltage explosive, excess ejection in the housing 9 must be removed in good time. Therefore, the battery module 200 further includes a support member 32 disposed between the bottom plate 31 and the insulating bracket 33 so as to form the battery cell pressure relief passage 30 between the bottom plate 31 and the insulating bracket 33, the insulating bracket 33 having, at a position corresponding to the explosion protection valve of the cylindrical battery cell, a pressure relief inlet 331 connected to the battery cell pressure relief passage 30, the bottom plate 31 having an opening 311, the opening 311 being connected to the battery cell pressure relief passage 30. When the battery cell set 1 undergoes thermal runaway or the air pressure in the case 9 rises, the discharge may enter the battery cell pressure relief passage 30 via the pressure relief inlet 331 of the insulating bracket 33 and then exit from the opening 311 of the bottom plate 31. The insulation mount 33 has a pressure relief inlet 331 associated with each cylindrical battery cell. When the explosion protection valve of each cylindrical battery cell escapes the spout, the spout may enter the battery cell pressure relief passage 30 via the pressure relief inlet 331. The diameter of the pressure relief inlet 331 is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical battery cell to prevent the cylindrical battery cell from dropping from the pressure relief inlet 331 into the battery cell pressure relief passage 30.In an embodiment, it is provided that the number of support members 32 is plural and the plural support members 32 are evenly distributed between the bottom plate 31 and the insulating bracket 33, thereby providing an even and stable support force for the insulating bracket 33, and at the same time, ensuring that the battery cell pressure relief passage 30 has sufficient space for the air flow. The battery cell pressure relief passage 30 is formed by the gap formed by the support member 32 between the bottom plate 31 and the insulation bracket 33. In order to ensure that the air flow can smoothly flow in the battery cell pressure relief passage 30, the projected area of the support member 32 on the bottom plate 31 or the insulating bracket 33 is much smaller than the area of the bottom plate 31 or the area of the insulating bracket 33, thereby ensuring that the battery cell pressure relief passage 30 has a space enough for the air flow. Moreover, the support member 32 also serves as a support structure for supporting the insulating bracket 33 and the battery cell set 1 thereon, and the support member 32 must be capable of achieving a certain support strength while applying a uniform and constant support force to the insulating bracket 33 to prevent the insulating bracket 33 from being deformed due to the non-uniform application of force of the support member 32 and the battery cell set 1. In the examples of FIGS. 3 and 4, the support member 32 is cylindrical and the projected area of a single support member 32 on the insulating bracket 33 is less than the diameter of the cylindrical battery cell and slightly greater than the distance between two adjacent cylindrical battery cells, and wherein the support member 32 may completely bypass the pressure relief inlet 331 of the insulating bracket 33 or partially block the pressure relief inlet 331 as long as it does not completely block the pressure relief inlet 331, thereby ensuring that the ejection generated by the explosion protection valve of the cylindrical battery cell may smoothly pass from the pressure relief inlet 331 into the battery cell pressure relief channel 30.In one embodiment, it is contemplated that the support member 32 is made of foam material that can provide excellent thermal insulation, cushioning, flame retardancy, support, shock attenuation, and other functions. In one embodiment, it is contemplated that the support member 32 may be fixedly connected to the bottom plate 31 and the insulation bracket 33 by double-sided adhesive tape.FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of the battery module 200 in FIG. 3 As shown in FIG. 5 in combination with FIG. 4, the battery module 200 also includes a fire train 5 provided between the insulating bracket 33 and the battery cell set 1, the fire train 5 being made of a high temperature resistant material and having a heat insulating and flame retardant effect.In an embodiment, it is provided that the battery module 200 further comprises a liquid cooling system 6, wherein the liquid cooling system 6 comprises a plurality of liquid cooling plates and pipelines connecting the plurality of liquid cooling plates to one another, wherein liquid cooling plates are located between two adjacent rows of the cylindrical battery cells in order to cool the cylindrical battery cells. The lengths of multiple liquid cooling plates may all be the same, may be different, or not all the same, with the length of each liquid cooling plate being determined by the length of the two rows of cylindrical battery cells fitted to the liquid cooling plate, which is limited here.In an embodiment, the battery module 200 is further provided with a Cells Contact System (CCS) 7 and an insulation cover plate 8, the CCS 7 being welded to the pole of the cylindrical battery cell, the cylindrical battery cell being connectable in series or in parallel via the CCS 7, the insulation cover plate 8 being bonded to the CCS 7 by adhesive and provided as a case cover for insulating the battery cells and the case 100, and can also prevent the valve from opening and jumping when the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway. For example, the insulation covering plate 8 may be a glass fiber plate.FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the battery pack of FIG. 3 As shown in FIG. 6 in combination with FIG. 4, the battery pack also includes a pressure relief system 400 and the frames 2 of all battery modules 200 have sub-channels 220, the sub-channels 220 of all frames 2 being interconnected to form a module pressure relief channel 221, wherein an ejection generated upon explosion protection valve of the battery pack 1 may flow into the module pressure relief channel 221; wherein the inlet of the pressure relief system 400 is connected to the module pressure relief channel 221, and a portion of the ejection in the pressure relief channel 221 may be discharged from the case 100 through the pressure relief system 400. The battery pack pressure relief solution may reduce or even eliminate the need to mount exhaust pipes and rigid structures for the exhaust pipes between the battery modules 200, wherein the module pressure relief channel 221 is formed only by the sub-channels 220 on frames 2 of the stacked plurality of battery modules 200. When the air pressure in the module pressure relief passage 221 is higher than the preset air pressure, a part of the ejection is discharged from the case 100 through the pressure relief system 400, which not only improves the safety of the battery pack, but also enables light-weight construction of the battery pack and improves the energy density of the battery pack.In one exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the battery cell pressure relief channel 30 has a pressure relief outlet 330, wherein the battery cell pressure relief channels 30 in all battery modules 200 are connected directly to the partial channel 220 of its frame 2 through the pressure relief outlet 330, such that the air flow in the battery cell pressure relief channel 30 can flow into the partial channel 220. The insulation mount 33 has a recess 332 and the bottom plate 31 has an opening 311, the opening 311 and the recess 332 together forming the pressure relief outlet 330 to ensure that the sub-channels 220 between the plurality of battery modules 200 are connected to each other.In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6 in combination with FIG. 4, it is provided that the insulating mount 33 has a recess 332, wherein the base plate 31 has the opening 311, and the recess 332 of the insulating mount 33 is located around the circumference of the partial channel 220, so that the opening 311 on the base plate 31 is directly connected to the partial channel 220. The bottom plate 31 of the first battery module 201 is fixed on the closure plate 102 and the opening 311 thereon is closed by the closure plate 102; wherein the bottom plate 31 of the second battery module 202 is fixed to the frame 2 of the first battery module 201 and the opening 311 thereon is directly connected to the sub-channel 220 of the first battery module 201; wherein the bottom plate 31 of the third battery module 203 is fixed to the frame 2 of the second battery module 202 and the opening 311 thereon is directly connected to the sub-channel 220 of the second battery module 202; wherein the bottom plate 31 of the fourth battery module 204 is fixed to the frame 2 of the third battery module 203 and the opening 311 thereon is directly connected to the sub-channel 220 of the third battery module 203, so that the connection between the sub-channels 220 of the four battery modules 200 is achieved.In another exemplary embodiment, the insulating mount 33 has a recess 332 and the base plate 31 has an opening 311, wherein the recess 332 of the insulating mount 33 is located below the partial channel 220, such that the opening 311 on the base plate 31 is connected to the partial channel 220 through the recess 332, wherein the partial channels 220 between a plurality of battery modules 200 can also be connected to one another through the pressure relief outlet 330 which is formed by the opening 311 and the recess 332.FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame 2 of the battery module 200 provided by this application. As shown in FIG. 7 in combination with FIG. 6, the frame 2 includes a frame body 21 and a duct member 22, the frame body 21 is a case structure that passes upward and downward along the height direction of the box 100, the duct member 22 is fixed to the inner wall of the frame body 21, the duct member 22 cooperates with the inner wall of the frame body 21 to form a sub-duct 220, or the duct member 22 has a sub-duct 220, the sub-duct 220 penetrates the duct member 22 along the height direction of the box 100. In an embodiment, it is provided that the frame body 21 and the channel member 22 are an integrally molded structure that not only improves the overall structural strength of the frame 2, but also saves assembly time of the frame 2 and improves the assembly efficiency of the battery module 200.All subchannels 220 are connected to one another. As long as a pressure relief port 222 connected to the sub-channel 220 is provided on the outer side wall of the frame 2 and then the inlet of the pressure relief system 400 is connected to the pressure relief port 222, the ejection in the module pressure relief channel 221 can be discharged from the pressure relief system 400.FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural illustration of the pressure relief system 400 provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 8 in combination with FIG. 6, the pressure relief system 400 includes a mounting plate 401, a connection pipe 402, and a pressure relief valve 403, the mounting plate 401 being fixed to the case 100, the pressure relief valve 403 being mounted on the mounting plate 401 and located outside the case 100, a first end of the connection pipe 402 being mounted on the mounting plate 401 and surrounding the periphery of the inlet of the pressure relief valve 403, and the second end of the connection pipe surrounding the periphery of the pressure relief port 222. The box 100 has a hole position for mounting the mounting plate 401, and the second end of the connection pipe 402 passes through the hole position and seals with the side wall of the frame 2, the mounting plate 401 being located outside the hole position and being sealed and firmly connected to the outer wall of the box 100.The pressure relief system 400 also includes a vent valve 404 mounted on the mounting plate 401 and located outside the box 100, the vent valve 404 being configured to balance air pressure between the inside and the outside of the box 100. The pressure relief valve 403 is configured to release pressure when the air pressure in the box 100 exceeds a preset value to avoid an excessive increase in the air pressure in the box 100; and the vent valve 404 is configured to perform ventilation when the air pressure inside the box 100 is lower than the preset value, so as to ensure the balance of the air pressure inside and outside the box 100.In one exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the frame 2 of the second battery module 202 and the frame 2 of the third battery module 203 both have pressure relief connections 222, wherein the pressure relief system 400 is connected to the two pressure relief connections 222, wherein the pressure relief valve 403 and the venting valve 404 of the pressure relief system 400 are provided spaced apart from one another along the stacking direction of the second battery module 202 and of the third battery module 203.In an embodiment, it is provided that the connection pipe 402 comprises a pipe part 4021 and a sealing portion 4022, one end of the pipe part 4021 is fixed to the mounting plate 401 and surrounds the periphery of the pressure relief valve 403, the other end of the pipe part 4021 is connected to the sealing portion 4022, the sealing portion 4022 is provided sealingly abutting the outer side wall of the frame 2 and the pressure relief port 222 is located on the frame 2 in the pipe part 4021, and thus the ejection in the module pressure relief passage 221 can enter the pipe part 4021 via the pressure relief port 222, wherein when the pressure of the ejection is greater than the preset pressure, the ejection can be discharged via the pressure relief valve 403.When the second battery module 202 and the third battery module 203 are stacked in a staggered manner, a first sealing surface 40221 and a second sealing surface 40222 are provided in a stepped manner on the end surface of the sealing portion 4022 that is sealingly fitted to the frame 2 of the second battery module 202, and the second sealing surface 40222 is sealingly fitted to the frame 2 of the third battery module 203.The battery module 200 provided by the present application improves the frame 2 of its case 9 to facilitate the firm connection between the offset stacked cases 9 while improving the stability of the case 9.FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural illustration of two adjacent frames 2 in a connected state. FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural illustration of two adjacent frames 2 in the exploded state. As shown in Figs. 9 to 10 in conjunction with Fig. 6, the end of an arbitrary frame 2 facing another frame 2 has adapter parts 23 at both ends in the first direction, one of the two adapter parts 23 being inside the frame 2 and the other being outside the frame 2, and the adapter part 23 of one frame 2 inside the arbitrary frame 2 and the adapter part 23 of another adjacent frame 2 outside the frame 2 being fixedly connected to each other, the adapter part 23 thereof outside the frame 2 and the adapter part 23 of another adjacent frame 2 being fixedly connected to each other inside the frame 2. This arrangement facilitates the fixed connection between the frames 2, wherein the frame 2 adjoining the closure plate 102 comprises at its end facing the closure plate 102 at both ends in the first direction an adapter part 23, wherein the two adapter parts 23 are fixedly connected to the closure plate 102. This arrangement facilitates the firm connection between the frame 2 adjacent to the closure plate 102 and the closure plate 102. In one embodiment, it is provided that one of the two adapter parts 23 is located inside the frame 2 and the other is located outside the frame 2; and or wherein the two adapter parts 23 are each located in the frame 2; or wherein the two adapter parts 23 are located outside the frame 2, wherein all three types of arrangement can realize the connection between the frame 2 and the closure plate 102.The end of the frame 2 furthest away from the closure plate 102 has an adapter part 23 at each of its ends facing away from the closure plate 102 in the first direction, wherein the two adapter parts 23 are configured for the fixed connection to the cover plate 4. In one embodiment, it is provided that one of the two adapter parts 23 is located inside the frame 2 and the other is located outside the frame 2; and or wherein the two adapter parts 23 are each located in the frame 2; or wherein the two adapter parts 23 are located outside the frame 2, wherein all three types of arrangement can realize the connection between the frame 2 and the cover plate 4.FIG. 11 is a sectional view of two adjacent frames 2 on the adapter part 23 at one end in the first direction in FIG. 6, FIG. 12 is a sectional view of two adjacent frames 2 on the adapter part 23 at another end in the first direction in FIG. 6, and as shown in FIGS. 11 to 12 in combination with FIGS. 6 and 3, the frame 2 of the first battery module 201 is referred to as the first frame 211 and the frame 2 of the second battery module 202 is referred to as the second frame 212 for convenience of description, the frame 2 of the third battery module 203 is referred to as the third frame 213, and the frame 2 of the fourth battery module 204 is referred to as the fourth frame 214, wherein the first frame 211 is the frame 2 adjacent to the shutter plate 102 and the fourth frame 214 is the frame 2 furthest from the shutter plate 102. The two upper and lower adapter parts 23 located inside the frame 2 are referred to as the upper inner adapter part 231 and the lower inner adapter part 233, wherein the two upper and lower adapter parts 23 located outside the frame 2 are referred to as the upper outer adapter part 232 and the lower outer adapter part 234.Here, the lower ends of the first frame 211, the second frame 212, the third frame 213, and the fourth frame 214 each have a lower inner adapter part 233 and a lower outer adapter part 234 at both ends in the first direction, and the upper ends of the first frame 211, the second frame 212, and the third frame 213 each have an upper outer adapter part 232 and an upper inner adapter part 231 at both ends in the first direction, and the upper end of the fourth frame 214 each has an upper inner adapter part 231 at both ends in the first direction.The connection relationship between frame 2 is: the lower inner adapter part 233 and the lower outer adapter part 234 at the lower end of the first frame 211 are fixedly connected to the corresponding bottom plate 31 and then fixedly connected to the closure plate 102; the lower inner adapter part 233 at the lower end of the second frame 212 is fixedly connected to the upper outer adapter part 232 at the upper end of the first frame 211 and its lower outer adapter part 234 is fixedly connected to the upper inner adapter part 231 at the upper end of the first frame 211; the lower inner adapter part 233 at the lower end of the third frame 213 is fixedly connected to the upper outer adapter part 232 at the upper end of the second frame 212 and its lower inner adapter part 233 is fixedly connected to the upper outer adapter part 232 at the upper end of the second frame 212; wherein the lower inner adapter part 233 at the lower end of the fourth frame 214 is fixedly connected to the upper outer adapter part 232 at the upper end of the third frame 213 and its lower inner adapter part 233 is fixedly connected to the upper outer adapter part 232 at the upper end of the third frame 213; wherein the two upper inner adapter parts 231 at the upper end of the fourth frame 214 are both used for fixedly connecting to the cover plate 4.The upper inner adapter parts 231 at upper ends of the first frame 211, the second frame 212, the third frame 213, and the fourth frame 214 are all detachably and fixedly connected to the corresponding frame 2; the lower outer adapter parts 234 and the lower inner adapter parts 233 at lower ends of the first frame 211, the second frame 212, the third frame 213, and the fourth frame 214 are all integrally formed with the corresponding frame 2; the upper outer adapter parts 232 at upper ends of the first frame 211, the second frame 212, and the third frame 213 are all integrally formed with the corresponding frame 2. Of course, in further embodiments, the adapter part 23 and the frame 2 may be an integral structure or may be detachably and fixedly connected to each other as required, wherein all the adapter parts 23 of the one frame 2 are integrally formed with the frame 2; or wherein all the adapter parts 23 of the one frame 2 are detachably and fixedly connected to the frame 2; or wherein some of the adapter parts 23 of the one frame 2 are integrally formed with the frame 2 and other adapter parts 23 are detachably and fixedly connected to the frame 2, which is not limited here, however.When the adapter part 23 is detachably and fixedly connected to the frame 2, a through hole is provided on the side wall of the frame 2, the side of the adapter part 23 has a first threaded hole, and a bolt passes through the through hole of the side wall of the frame 2 and is screwed to the first threaded hole of the adapter part 23 to achieve a fixed connection between the adapter part 23 and the frame 2. The upper surface of the adapter part 23 has a second threaded hole, and the bottom plate 31 or the cover plate 4 or the adapter part 23 of other frames 2 is screwed to the second threaded hole via bolts. The first threaded hole and the second threaded hole are offset on the horizontal plane.The upper inner adapter parts 231 at upper ends of the first frame 211, the second frame 212, the third frame 213, and the fourth frame 214 are all adapter parts made of resin. In order to ensure the connection strength between the frame 2 and the upper inner adapter part 231, and the bottom plate 31 (cover plate 4) and the upper inner adapter part 231, the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole are formed on the upper inner adapter part 231 by a metal chip mounted in the upper inner adapter part 231, respectively. The upper inner adapter part 231 has a first through hole and a second through hole, the metal chip is fixed in the first through hole to form the first threaded hole, and the metal chip is fixed in the second through hole to form the second threaded hole.
Claims
A battery pack, comprising: a case (100); a plurality of battery modules (200) stacked in the case (100) along a height direction of the case (100), each of the plurality of battery modules (200) comprising a frame (2) and a battery cell set (1) accommodated in the frame (2); wherein the frame (2) has a sub-channel (220), sub-channels (220) of the frames (2) being connected to each other to form a module pressure relief channel (221), wherein an ejection generated upon explosion protection valve of the battery cell set (1) being exploded can flow into the module pressure relief channel (221); a pressure relief system (400) connecting the module pressure relief channel (221) to an outside of the case (100).The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the frame (2) comprises a frame body (21) and a channel member (22), wherein the channel member (22) is fixed to an inner wall of the frame body (21), wherein the channel member (22) cooperates with the inner wall of the frame body (21) to form the sub-channel (220), or wherein the channel member (22) has the sub-channel (220), wherein the sub-channel (220) extends along the height direction of the box (100).The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein the frame body (21) and the channel member (22) form an integral structure.The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the battery module (200) further comprises a pressure relief support component (3) mounted to an end of the frame (2) and configured such that the pressure relief support component (3) supports the battery cell set (1), the pressure relief support component (3) having a battery cell pressure relief passage (30), the battery cell pressure relief passage (30) having a pressure relief inlet (331) associated with the explosion protection valve of the battery cell set (1) and a pressure relief outlet (330) connected to the module pressure relief passage (221).The battery pack according to claim 4, wherein the pressure relief support component (3) further comprises a bottom plate (31) and an insulating bracket (33) arranged in series, wherein the battery cell pressure relief channel (30) is formed between the bottom plate (31) and the insulating bracket (33); wherein the bottom plate (31) is fixed to the end of the frame (2), wherein the bottom plate (31) has an opening (311), wherein the insulating bracket (33) has a recess (332) associated with the opening (311), wherein the opening (311) and the recess (332) together form the pressure relief outlet (330); wherein the insulating bracket (33) is configured to support the battery cell set (1) and the insulating bracket (33) has the pressure relief inlet (331).The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein the battery module (200) further comprises a support member (32), the support member (32) being disposed between the bottom plate (31) and the insulating bracket (33), one end of the support member (32) being connected to and supported on the bottom plate (31), the other end of the support member (32) being connected to the insulating bracket (33), so that the battery cell pressure relief passage (30) is formed between the bottom plate (31) and the insulating bracket (33).The battery pack of claim 5, wherein the battery cell set (1) comprises a plurality of cylindrical battery cells arranged in one and the same plane, the insulation bracket (33) has a plurality of pressure relief inlets (331), the plurality of pressure relief inlets (331) being arranged to uniquely associate explosion protection valves of the plurality of cylindrical battery cells.The battery pack of claim 5, wherein in two adjacent battery modules (200), the sub-channel (220) of the upper battery module (200) communicates with the sub-channel (220) of the lower battery module (200) via the pressure relief outlet (330) associated therewith.The battery pack according to claim 8, wherein the battery module (200) comprises a housing (9), the housing (9) being composed of the frame (2), the bottom plate (31), and a cover plate (4), the bottom plate (31) and the cover plate (4) being connected to two opposite ends of the frame (2), wherein in two adjacent battery modules (200), the bottom plate (31) on one side of the upper battery module (200) and the cover plate (4) on the other side of the lower battery module (200) are an integral structure.The battery pack according to claim 9, further comprising at least one of the following: a module protection member (300), wherein a first gap (1000) exists between the battery module (200) and the inner wall of the case (100), wherein the module protection member (300) is at least partially accommodated in the first gap (1000), and the case (9) is bonded to the case (100) by the module protection member (300); a battery cell protection member (20), wherein a second gap (2000) exists between the battery cell set (1) and the inner wall of the case (9), wherein the battery cell protection member (20) is at least partially accommodated in the second gap (2000), and the battery cell set (1) is bonded to the case (9) by the battery cell protection member (20).The battery pack of claim 10, wherein in the case that the battery pack comprises at least the module protection member (300), the module protection member (300) is formed by filling the first gap (1000) with a liquid insulation material and then solidifying; wherein in the case that the battery pack comprises at least the battery cell protection member (20), the battery cell protection member (20) is formed by filling the second gap (2000) with a liquid insulation material and then solidifying.The battery pack of claim 11, wherein the insulating material filled in the first gap (1000) is a foam adhesive or filler adhesive; wherein the insulating material filled in the second gap (2000) is a foam adhesive or filler adhesive.The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein an outer side wall of at least one of the frames (2) is provided with a pressure relief port (222) connected to the sub-channel (220), an inlet of the pressure relief system (400) being connected to the pressure relief port (222).The battery pack of claim 13, wherein the pressure relief system (400) comprises a mounting plate (401), a connection pipe (402), and a pressure relief valve (403), the mounting plate (401) being attached to the case (100), the pressure relief valve (403) being mounted on the mounting plate (401) and located outside the case (100), one end of the connection pipe (402) being mounted on the mounting plate (401) and surrounding the periphery of an inlet of the pressure relief valve (403), and the other end of the connection pipe (402) surrounding the periphery of the pressure relief port (222).The battery pack of claim 14, wherein the pressure relief system (400) further comprises a vent valve (404), the vent valve (404) mounted on the mounting plate (401) and located outside the box (100).The battery pack of claim 14, wherein the connection pipe (402) comprises a pipe part (4021) and a sealing portion (4022), one end of the pipe part (4021) is fixed to the mounting plate (401) and surrounds the periphery of the pressure relief valve (403), and the other end of the pipe part (4021) is connected to the sealing portion (4022), the sealing portion (4022) sealingly abuts the outer side wall of the frame (2), and the pressure relief port (222) is located in the pipe part (4021).The battery pack of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the case (100) comprises a hood housing (101) and a closure plate (102), wherein the closure plate (102) is attached to an open end of the hood housing (101) and cooperates with the hood housing (101) to form a receiving space provided for receiving the plurality of battery modules (200), wherein a battery module (200) is fixedly connected to the closure plate (102) near the closure plate (102), wherein the closure plate (102) supports the plurality of battery modules (200).The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the plurality of battery modules (200) are stacked along the height direction of the case (100), wherein in two adjacent battery modules (200), the bottom plate (31) of the case (9) on one side of the upper battery module (200) and the cover plate (4) of the case (9) on the other side of the lower battery module (200) are an integral structure.The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the case (100) comprises a hood case (101) and a closure plate (102) fixed to an open end of the hood case (101), the hood case (101) having a first surrounding wall surface (1012) inclined relative to the closure plate (102); wherein the plurality of battery modules (200) are stacked and arranged offset in the case (100) along the height direction of the case (100), the plurality of battery modules (200) being sequentially mounted along an inclination direction of the first surrounding wall surface (1012).The battery pack of claim 19, wherein the angle between the first surrounding wall surface (1012) and the shutter plate (102) is in the range of 60° to 75°.The battery pack of claim 19, wherein the hood housing (101) further comprises a second surrounding wall surface (1013), the second surrounding wall surface (1013) being disposed opposite the first surrounding wall surface (1012) and being at least partially parallel to the first surrounding wall surface (1012).The battery pack according to claim 19, wherein two ends of any frame (2) facing one end of the other frame (2) each have an adapter part (23), one of the two adapter parts (23) being inside the any frame (2) and the other being outside the any frame (2), the adapter part (23) of the any frame (2) inside the any frame (2) and the adapter part (23) of another adjacent frame (2) outside the other frame (2) being fixedly connected to each other, the adapter part (23) of the any frame (2) outside the any frame (2) and the adapter part (23) of the other adjacent frame (2) being fixedly connected to each other inside the other frame (2).Battery pack according to Claim 22, wherein the frame (2) adjoining the closure plate (102) has the adapter parts (23) at its end facing the closure plate (102), wherein the adapter parts (23) are fixedly connected to the closure plate (102).The battery pack of claim 23, wherein all the adapter parts (23) of a frame (2) are integrally formed with the frame (2); wherein all the adapter parts (23) of a frame (2) are detachably and fixedly connected to the frame (2); or wherein some of the adapter parts (23) of a frame (2) are integrally formed with the frame (2) and other adapter parts (23) are detachably and fixedly connected to the frame (2).An electric load comprising a device body and a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the device body comprises a mounting space for accommodating the battery pack.