Base plate for the concrete block industry and drying arrangement with such a base plate and vibration arrangement with such a base plate

Abstract

Base plate (10) for the concrete block industry, in particular for receiving demoulded concrete blocks (50) in the wet state, wherein the base plate (10) has a top plate side (11) and a bottom plate side (12) opposite the top plate side (11) in a thickness direction (Z), wherein the base plate (10) has a plurality of solid wood strips (20), wherein the solid wood strips (20) are aligned parallel to one another and are arranged next to one another in a transverse direction (Y) of the base plate (10) formed perpendicular to the thickness direction (Z) in a plane formed parallel to the top plate side (11) and the bottom plate side (12), wherein adjacent solid wood strips (20) of the plurality of solid wood strips (20) are materially connected to one another in the region of their mutually facing side surfaces (23, 24) by means of a glue (30), wherein the glue (30) is a block gluing.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a base plate for the concrete block industry, in particular for supporting a formed concrete mixture during a vibration process for compacting the concrete mixture and / or demolded concrete blocks in the wet state. Furthermore, the invention relates to a drying arrangement with such a base plate and a vibration arrangement with such a base plate.

[0002] A key objective in concrete block production is to produce consistently high-quality products efficiently, even with large throughput volumes. Typically, in the industrial production of concrete blocks, a formwork is placed on a base plate. Concrete mix is then poured into this formwork and compacted by vibration, if necessary by applying a pressing force to the poured concrete mix in the direction of the base plate. For compaction by vibration, the vibration is generally also transferred to the poured concrete mix via the base plate. The compacted concrete mix usually has sufficient dimensional stability so that the formwork can be removed. The compacted concrete mix is then dried or cured, usually in ambient atmosphere.Key factors for concrete block production are, in particular, durable base plates with as consistent material properties as possible, such as strength and modulus of elasticity, and trouble-free operation.

[0003] Wooden baseboards have the advantage of being made from a renewable raw material, which makes them more sustainable than plastic, metal, or composite baseboards. Furthermore, wooden baseboards offer cost advantages over plastic, metal, or composite baseboards.

[0004] Wooden baseboards are generally well-known. These often consist of wooden strips arranged side by side in a transverse direction, connected, for example, by a threaded rod that runs through the wooden strips in the transverse direction and clamps them together. Creating a connection with a threaded rod is complex, as the adjacent wooden strips must be drilled through in their entirety.

[0005] Base boards with wooden strips arranged next to each other and connected to each other also have the disadvantage that changes in humidity can cause the wooden strips to warp, which can have a detrimental effect on the surface of the base board. This has a negative impact on the surface quality of the area on which the concrete block rests on the base board. In addition, the warping can lead to gaps forming between the wooden strips, which can lead to liquid dripping through. This is particularly disadvantageous when several base boards with concrete blocks placed on them are arranged on top of each other, for example in a shelving system, for the concrete blocks to harden, as this can lead to moisture penetrating the base board and dripping onto the concrete blocks placed on the base board below.Conventional wooden base boards with adjacent wooden slats also have the disadvantage that their material properties (e.g., strength, modulus of elasticity) can change, particularly with increasing service life or age. For example, the wooden slats used can become softer, which can alter the vibration transmission to the concrete mix during compaction. Furthermore, with conventional base boards with wooden slats, the connection between the wooden slats can become loose or play can occur between them, which can alter the vibration transmission between the base board and the formed concrete mix for the purpose of compacting the concrete mix during the vibrating or vibration process.As a rule, the machine settings of a concrete block production plant, for example, with regard to the parameters of the vibration process for compaction, such as the amplitude, frequency, and duration of the vibration, can only be adjusted such that each base plate vibrates with the same parameters during production. Therefore, differences in the properties of the base plates used in production can lead to differences in the quality of the concrete block products or concrete blocks. In particular, conventional wooden base plates, which consist of adjacently arranged wooden strips, can exhibit significant differences in vibration properties or elastic moduli due to aging and / or show a significant change in vibration properties or elastic moduli with increasing age.Other factors, such as moisture absorption and / or release, or temperature, also have a significant influence on the vibration properties and elastic modulus of conventional wooden baseboards. In general, it can be stated that conventional wooden baseboards exhibit significant fluctuations in their material properties, and these material properties can also change with age. This is considered detrimental to the production of concrete block products or concrete blocks of consistent quality.

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a novel base plate that overcomes some or all of the aforementioned disadvantages. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a drying arrangement.

[0007] These problems are solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous further training is the subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0008] The base plate according to the invention is a base plate for the concrete block industry. In particular, the base plate serves to hold a formed concrete mixture during a vibration process for the purpose of compacting the concrete mixture and / or demoulded concrete blocks in the wet state. The base plate is used in particular in the process of compacting the formed concrete mixture during a vibration process and in the process of curing or drying the demoulded concrete blocks. For curing or drying the demoulded concrete blocks, the concrete blocks can be placed on the base plate or have been placed there, and the base plate can be introduced, for example, into a shelving system with a plurality of other base plates in order to dry a plurality of concrete blocks together.

[0009] The baseboard has a top side and a bottom side opposite the top side in a thickness direction. The baseboard has a plurality of solid wood strips, wherein the solid wood strips are aligned parallel to one another and arranged next to one another in a transverse direction of the baseboard that is perpendicular to the thickness direction in a plane that is parallel to the top side and the bottom side of the board. The adjacent solid wood strips of the plurality of solid wood strips are bonded to one another in the region of their mutually facing side surfaces, often also referred to as outer edges, by gluing. This gluing is block gluing, often also referred to as smooth edge gluing. In particular, the solid wood strips are butt-jointed in the region of their mutually facing side surfaces and are bonded to one another over their entire surface.glued.

[0010] The block gluing or smooth edge gluing ensures that the solid wood strips are firmly bonded to one another and offer particularly high mechanical stability. The provision of block gluing or smooth edge gluing

[0011] Smooth-edge gluing has the advantage that the baseboard exhibits particularly high mechanical stability and also particularly high dimensional stability, meaning that warping of the solid wood strips and any gaps forming between the solid wood strips, for example due to a change in the moisture content of the solid wood strips, do not occur or are very minimal. Due to the block gluing, the baseboard according to the invention behaves more or less like a monolithic body, which means that vibration transmission is particularly good and consistent. Due to the block gluing, aging-related changes in the properties of the baseboard according to the invention are significantly reduced compared to conventional baseboards without block gluing. This has also been confirmed in vibration tests and experimentally.

[0012] A further advantage of gluing is that shear forces, i.e. forces acting along the longitudinal direction of the solid wood strips, can be absorbed particularly well by the gluing, thus preventing any displacement of the solid wood strips relative to each other along a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the thickness direction and the transverse direction. Furthermore, forces acting in the thickness direction can be absorbed particularly well by the gluing, thus preventing any displacement of the solid wood strips relative to each other along the thickness direction.

[0013] It is considered particularly advantageous if the side surfaces of the solid wood strips are planed and / or sanded, in particular if they are flat. It is considered particularly advantageous if the side surfaces of the solid wood strips are flat, with a normal to the plane of the side surfaces being parallel to the transverse direction. This makes it particularly easy to apply high pressure between the facing side surfaces of adjacent solid wood strips during the glued joint by pressing the arrangement of the solid wood strips together along the transverse direction, thereby improving or ensuring the quality of the bond.

[0014] It is quite conceivable that one or more of the solid wood strips, preferably all of the solid wood strips, are structural solid wood strips.

[0015] The term "solid wood strip" is understood in particular to mean a solid wood body that has a much greater extension in its longitudinal direction than in its thickness and width directions. In this respect, the term "solid wood strip" also refers to a solid wood batten. Preferably, the respective solid wood strip has a longitudinal extension that is at least ten times the extension of the solid wood strip in the width direction and at least ten times the extension of the solid wood strip in the thickness direction. The ratio of the extension of the solid wood strip in the width direction to the extension of the solid wood strip in the thickness direction is preferably between 0.5 and 1.5.

[0016] It is considered particularly advantageous if the facing side surfaces of adjacent solid wood strips are bonded together over their entire surface. This creates a particularly mechanically stable connection and, in particular, prevents the formation of gaps between the bonded or glued solid wood strips.

[0017] It is considered particularly advantageous if the respective solid wood strip has a rectangular cross-section in a cross-section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the base plate, wherein the longitudinal direction is formed perpendicular to the transverse direction and perpendicular to the thickness direction.

[0018] It is considered particularly advantageous if the respective side surface of the respective solid wood strip is flat.

[0019] In particular, the solid wood strips are free of any form-locking structures that engage with adjacent solid wood strips in the transverse direction. This allows the baseboard to be manufactured particularly easily and cost-effectively. In particular, it is not necessary for any form-locking structures to be inserted into one another and thus engaged during the production of the baseboard, which allows for a particularly short cycle time in the mass production of baseboards.

[0020] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the respective solid wood strip is connected in the transverse direction to the adjacent solid wood strip(s) exclusively by gluing. This eliminates the need for additional connecting elements, such as form-locking elements and / or frictional locking elements. In particular, screw elements, such as threaded rods and / or screws, can be completely eliminated.

[0021] It is considered particularly advantageous if the baseboard is free of mechanical fasteners driven through the solid wood strips in the transverse direction. Practice has shown that with a suitable choice of adhesive and appropriate processing of the side surfaces of the solid wood strips, form-locking elements, especially threaded rods driven through in the transverse direction, can be completely dispensed with.

[0022] It is considered particularly advantageous if the top and bottom of the plate are essentially rectangular.

[0023] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the base plate has a transverse extension of 500 mm to 1400 mm in the transverse direction and / or a thickness of 40 mm to 60 mm in the thickness direction and / or a longitudinal extension of 1000 mm to 1600 mm in a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the transverse direction and perpendicular to the thickness direction. These dimensions have proven particularly advantageous for use in concrete block production plants, in particular in a shaking or vibration process carried out in these plants for the purpose of compacting the concrete, as well as in drying facilities, in particular in shelving systems of drying facilities for the concrete block industry.

[0024] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the respective solid wood strip has a transverse width of 40 mm to 80 mm and / or a longitudinal length of 1000 mm to 1600 mm and / or a thickness of 40 mm to 60 mm. In particular, the transverse dimensions and the width of 40 mm to 80 mm have proven particularly advantageous for exhibiting sufficiently low swelling and shrinkage behavior during moisture absorption and release.

[0025] It is considered particularly advantageous if the total number of solid wood strips provided in the baseboard is between seven and twenty.

[0026] It is considered particularly advantageous if the gluing was carried out at a wood moisture or residual moisture content of 12% to 16%.

[0027] It is considered particularly advantageous if the solid wood strips are made of softwood and / or coniferous wood. Preferably, the wood species is spruce, fir, pine, or larch.

[0028] It is considered particularly advantageous if the adhesive used for bonding is an adhesive approved for the production of bonded load-bearing timber components, in particular an adhesive approved for the production of bonded load-bearing timber components according to DIN 1052, as of May 23, 2025. This adhesive design achieves a particularly stable and durable bond in the form of a glued joint.

[0029] The adhesive can be, for example, the adhesive PURBOND ® HB-S 029 or PURBOND ® HB-S 049 from Purbond AG, Industriestrasse 17a, CH-6203 Sempach-Station, Switzerland or an equivalent or similar adhesive.

[0030] It is considered particularly advantageous if the adhesive used for bonding is a one-component adhesive. This simplifies the bonding process.

[0031] The adhesive used is preferably one that cures under the influence of material and / or atmospheric humidity. This facilitates the production of the baseboard.

[0032] Preferably, the adhesive of the gluing is applied during the process of producing the gluing on one or both sides in an amount of 100 g / m 2 - 200 g / m 2 applied.

[0033] Preferably, the solid wood strips are pressed together in the transverse direction while the adhesive cures. A pressure of 0.6 N / mm is preferably used during the bonding process or while the adhesive cures. 2 up to 1.0 N / mm 2 upset.

[0034] It is considered particularly advantageous if the adhesive used for bonding is a polyurethane adhesive. However, it is entirely conceivable that the adhesive used is based on melamine resin and / or resorcinol resin.

[0035] It is considered particularly advantageous if a surface of the top side of the panel is formed directly by the adjacent solid wood strips and / or if a surface of the bottom side of the panel is formed directly by the adjacent solid wood strips. In this respect, it is particularly not intended that an additional layer, such as a veneer or a plastic layer, be applied to the adjacent solid wood strips.

[0036] It is considered advantageous if one surface of the top side of the plate and / or one surface of the bottom side of the plate is completely closed, in particular seamless. This prevents liquid from dripping through.

[0037] It is considered particularly advantageous if the baseboard has only a single layer of solid wood strips.

[0038] In order to achieve a particularly high quality of the surfaces of the concrete blocks placed on the base plate, it is considered advantageous if the top side of the plate is flat and / or the bottom side of the plate is flat.

[0039] In order to facilitate the handling of the base plate, especially when inserting it into a shelving system, it is considered advantageous if an edge protection in the form of a metal profile with a C-shaped or U-shaped cross section is attached to the outer edges of the base plate running in the transverse direction, formed by the end faces of the solid wood strips and lying opposite one another in the longitudinal direction.

[0040] The base plate according to the invention is used in particular as a base plate during the production, compaction, drying, and / or curing of one or more concrete blocks. In particular, the concrete block(s) rest in the wet state, preferably demoulded, on the top side of the base plate for the purpose of drying and / or curing the demoulded concrete block(s). In particular, the base plate is used to hold a demoulded concrete mixture, in particular during a vibration process for the purpose of compacting the concrete mixture. The term "concrete mixture" is understood here to mean, in particular, concrete in a flowable state.

[0041] The drying arrangement according to the invention serves for drying and / or curing one or more concrete blocks. The arrangement comprises a base plate according to the invention, with the one or more concrete blocks being placed on the top side of the plate during drying or curing. Since the drying arrangement comprises the base plate according to the invention, the statements regarding the advantages and advantageous embodiments of the base plate apply accordingly to the drying arrangement, and vice versa.

[0042] The vibration assembly according to the invention is intended for use in a vibration device for compacting a concrete mixture introduced into a formwork by means of a vibration process, for example in a concrete block production plant. The vibration assembly comprises a base plate according to one of the preceding claims and a formwork, wherein the formwork rests on the base plate, wherein the base plate closes an open bottom area of the formwork, wherein the formwork is filled with the concrete mixture to be compacted. Since the vibration assembly comprises the base plate according to the invention, the statements regarding the advantages and advantageous embodiments of the base plate apply accordingly to the vibration assembly and vice versa. The vibration device can be a component of a concrete block production plant.

[0043] The following figures illustrate the invention in more detail using an exemplary embodiment, without being limited to this embodiment. They show: Fig. 1 an embodiment of a base plate according to the invention in a view according to the arrow I in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 the base plate in a sectional view along the line II-II in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 the base plate in a view according to the arrow III in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 a solid wood strip of the base board in a sectional view, Fig. 5 a drying arrangement comprising a base plate according to the Fig. 1, Fig. 6 a drying arrangement comprising a base plate according to the Fig. 1 and several stripped concrete blocks resting on the base plate.

[0044] The Fig. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a base plate 10 according to the invention in a schematic representation. In the figures, a thickness direction is indicated by the arrow Z, a longitudinal direction by the arrow X, and a transverse direction by the arrow Y. The base plate 10 has a plate top 11 and a plate bottom 12 opposite the plate top 11 in the thickness direction Z. The plate top 11 serves to accommodate demolded concrete blocks 10 in a wet state, so that the concrete blocks 10 can harden or dry on the base plate 10.The baseboard 10 has a plurality of solid wood strips 20, namely twelve solid wood strips 20 in the present case, wherein the solid wood strips 20 are aligned parallel to one another in their longitudinal direction and arranged next to one another in the transverse direction Y, which is perpendicular to the thickness direction Z, in a plane parallel to the top side 11 and the bottom side 12 of the board. Both the top side 11 and the bottom side 12 of the board are essentially formed by the side surfaces of the solid wood strips 20 facing in the corresponding direction. Adjacent solid wood strips 20 of the plurality of solid wood strips 20 are each bonded to one another in the region of their mutually facing side surfaces 23, 24 via a glued joint 30, i.e., glued. The side surfaces 23, 24 are flat and butt-jointed with one another, so that the gluing 30 is designed as a butt-jointed block gluing.The gluing 30 is shown in the sectional view of the . Fig. 2, whereby the size of the gluing 30 is not shown to scale or does not correspond to reality, but is shown enlarged for reasons of better understanding.

[0045] In the present case, the base plate 10 has a transverse extension LY of 850 mm in the transverse direction Y. In the thickness direction Z, the base plate 10 has a thickness D of 60 mm. In the longitudinal direction X, which is perpendicular to the transverse direction Y and perpendicular to the thickness direction Z, the base plate 10 has a longitudinal extension LX of 1600 mm.

[0046] As can be seen in particular from the sectional view of the Fig. 4, which shows an individual solid wood strip 20 as an example, the respective solid wood strip 20 is rectangular in cross-section.

[0047] The solid wood strips 20 have identical dimensions. Each solid wood strip 20 has a width b of approximately 70.5 mm in the transverse direction Y and a thickness d of 60 mm in the thickness direction. The length I of each solid wood strip 20 in the longitudinal direction X is approximately 1598 mm.

[0048] The respective solid wood strip 20 is connected in the transverse direction Y exclusively via the full-surface gluing 30 to the adjacent solid wood strip(s) 10. Therefore, the base plate 10 is completely free of any other connecting elements, such as screws, or form-fitting structures, such as a tongue-and-groove joint incorporated into the solid wood strips.

[0049] The adhesive used for bonding 30 is an adhesive approved for the production of glued load-bearing wooden components, in particular an adhesive approved for the production of glued load-bearing wooden components according to DIN 1052, as of May 23, 2025.

[0050] An edge protector 40 in the form of a C-shaped or U-shaped metal profile is attached to the outer edges of the baseboard 10 running in the transverse direction, formed by the end faces of the solid wood strips 20 and opposite the longitudinal direction X. The metal profile has a thickness of approximately 2 mm.

[0051] The Fig. 5 schematically shows a vibration arrangement 70 for use in a vibration device for compacting a concrete mixture 90 introduced into a formwork 80 by a vibration process, wherein the vibration arrangement 70 comprises a base plate 10 and a formwork 80, wherein the formwork 80 rests on the base plate 10, wherein the base plate 10 closes an open bottom area of the formwork 80, wherein the formwork 80 is filled with the concrete mixture 90 to be compacted. Following the compaction or vibration process, the formwork 80 can be removed, leaving uncured, but nevertheless dimensionally stable concrete blocks 50 on the base plate 10, which still have to fully cure or dry.

[0052] For drying or curing, the uncured concrete blocks 50 are left on the base plate 10, so that a drying arrangement 60 is formed by the base plate 10 and the concrete blocks 50 resting on the plate top side 11. This drying arrangement 60 is shown schematically in the Fig. 6. This drying arrangement 60 can, for example, be incorporated into a shelving system with a plurality of other drying arrangements 60. List of reference symbols 10 Base plate 11 Top of plate 12 Bottom of the plate 20 solid wood strips 23 side surface 24 side surface 30 Gluing 40 edge protection 60 Drying arrangement 70 Vibration arrangement 80 formwork 90 concrete mixes LX Longitudinal extension LY transverse extension D Thickness l length b width d strength X Longitudinal direction Y transverse direction Z thickness direction QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited non-patent literature

[0000] DIN 1052, as of May 23, 2025 [0028, 0049]

Claims

[1] Base plate (10) for the concrete block industry, in particular for receiving demoulded concrete blocks (50) in the wet state, wherein the base plate (10) has a plate upper side (11) and a plate lower side (12) opposite the plate upper side (11) in a thickness direction (Z), wherein the base plate (10) has a plurality of solid wood strips (20), wherein the solid wood strips (20) are aligned parallel to one another and are arranged next to one another in a transverse direction (Y) of the base plate (10) formed perpendicular to the thickness direction (Z) in a plane formed parallel to the plate upper side (11) and the plate lower side (12), wherein adjacent solid wood strips (20) of the plurality of solid wood strips (20) are materially connected to one another in the region of their mutually facing side surfaces (23, 24) by means of a glue (30), wherein the Gluing (30) is a block gluing. [2] Base plate (10) according to claim 1, wherein the mutually facing side surfaces (23, 24) of the adjacent solid wood strips (20) are integrally connected to one another over their entire surface. [3] Base plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the respective solid wood strip (20) has a rectangular cross-section in a cross-section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction (X) of the base plate (10), wherein the longitudinal direction (X) is formed perpendicular to the transverse direction (Y) and perpendicular to the thickness direction (Z). [4] Base plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the respective side surface (23, 24) of the respective solid wood strip (10) is flat, [5] Base plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the solid wood strips (10) are free of form-locking structures engaging with adjacent solid wood strips (10) in the transverse direction (Y). [6] Base plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the respective solid wood strip (20) is connected in the transverse direction (Y) exclusively via the gluing (30) to the adjacent solid wood strip(s) (10). [7] Base plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base plate (10) is free of mechanical connecting elements driven through the solid wood strips (20) in the transverse direction (Y). [8] Base plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base plate (10) has a transverse extension (LY) of 500 mm to 1400 mm formed in the transverse direction (Y) and / or a thickness (D) of 40 mm to 60 mm formed in the thickness direction (Z) and / or a longitudinal extension (LX) of 1000 mm to 1600 mm formed in a longitudinal direction (X) which is perpendicular to the transverse direction (Y) and perpendicular to the thickness direction (Z). [9] Base plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the respective solid wood strip (20) has a width (b) formed in the transverse direction (Y) of 40 mm to 85 mm and / or a length (l) formed in the longitudinal direction (Z) of 1000 mm to 1600 mm and / or a thickness (d) formed in the thickness direction (Z) of 40 mm to 60 mm. [10] Baseboard (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an adhesive used for the gluing (30) is an adhesive approved for the production of glued load-bearing wooden components, in particular an adhesive approved for the production of glued load-bearing wooden components according to DIN 1052, as of 23.05.2025. [11] Baseboard (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an adhesive used for the gluing (30) is a polyurethane adhesive. [12] Base plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a surface of the plate upper side (11) is formed directly by the solid wood strips (20) arranged next to one another and / or wherein a surface of the plate lower side (12) is formed directly by the solid wood strips (20) arranged next to one another. [13] Base plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a surface of the plate top side (11) and / or a surface of the plate bottom side (12) is completely closed, in particular is formed without joints. [14] Base plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base plate (10) has only a single layer of solid wood strips (20). [15] Drying arrangement (60) for drying and / or curing one or more concrete blocks (50), the arrangement comprising a base plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, the one or more concrete blocks (50) being placed on the top side (11) of the plate. [16] Vibration arrangement (70) for use in a vibration device for compacting a concrete mixture (90) introduced into a formwork (80) by a vibration process, wherein the vibration arrangement (70) comprises a base plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims and a formwork (80), wherein the formwork (80) rests on the base plate (10), wherein the base plate (10) closes an open bottom surface of the formwork (80), wherein the formwork (80) is filled with the concrete mixture (90) to be compacted.

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