Access restriction

Abstract

Access barrier (1) to impede the passage of a vehicle with: a. a floor slab that can be arranged on a floor (10); b. a collision element (20) arranged on the base plate (10) and projecting from the base plate (10) in a collision-free state with i. a contact surface (21) for colliding with the vehicle when driving over the access barrier (1); ii. a force introduction element (22) arranged on the contact surface (21) for introducing a collision force (F) from the contact surface (21) as a result of a collision with the vehicle; iii. a central section (23) arranged on the force application element (22), in which a torque (M) is at least partially generated by means of the applied collision force (F), iv. a lever element (24) arranged on the central section (23), via which a pressure force (F') is transmitted at least partially to the base plate (10) by means of the generated torque (M) and with v. a connecting strut (25) arranged on the base plate (10) and the force introduction element (22) via which at least partially the introduced collision force (F) transmits a tensile force (F'') to the base plate (10), c. wherein the base plate (10) is at least partially movable from the ground towards the vehicle by the transmitted compressive force (F') and / or tensile force (F''), d. wherein at least one safety bolt (40) forms a positive locking connection between the base plate (10) and the collision element (20), wherein the positive locking connection is detachable when a threshold value of the transmitted compressive force (F') and tensile force (F'') is exceeded and e. wherein the force application element (22) and / or the central section (23) and / or the base plate (10) have or have at least one hook element (231) for burying the access barrier (1) in the ground and / or for wedging the access barrier (1) in the vehicle and wherein the at least one hook element (231) i. is spaced away from the ground and / or vehicle with an intact positive-locking connection and ii. when the positive locking connection is released, it allows the access barrier (1) to be buried and / or wedged in place.

Description

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an access barrier designed to impede the passage of a vehicle.

[0002] Access barriers aim to prevent or at least hinder a vehicle's access to a specific location. Such a location could be, for example, a street, a path, or a public square. The primary goal of access barriers is to stop vehicles within a short penetration depth after a collision with the barrier.

[0003] Elongated plastic barriers, which are particularly easy to transport, are known from the prior art. While these present a visual and physical barrier, they can easily be breached by a moving vehicle. This is considerably more difficult for access barriers that are bulky and massive, such as natural rocks or concrete blocks. Although these are generally transportable, their installation and removal are complex and therefore comparatively expensive due to their size. Furthermore, such access barriers are unsuitable for narrow streets because of their volume, as they would block a significant portion of the street, rendering it impassable for pedestrians. Access barriers are also known that are installed in the road surface and can be extended and retracted as needed.Because they are installed in the ground, these access barriers cannot be flexibly deployed in different locations. Furthermore, their installation is comparatively complex and expensive.

[0004] The purpose of the present disclosure is therefore to provide an access barrier that reliably blocks access for a vehicle and is at the same time flexibly deployable in terms of location.

[0005] This problem is solved by the access barrier defined in the independent claim, in particular by an access barrier to impede the passage of a vehicle with a base plate that can be placed on a ground. In this context, the ground can be an asphalted road surface or the base of a square or other public area.

[0006] The access barrier features a collision element mounted on the base plate, which protrudes from the base plate when not in collision mode. This collision element has a contact surface for impacting the vehicle when it drives over the barrier. A force application element is mounted on this contact surface to transmit a collision force upon impact with the vehicle. The higher the vehicle's speed or mass at the time of impact, the greater the collision force acting on the force application element. The force application element has a central section where a torque is generated by the applied collision force. A lever element is mounted on this central section, through which a compressive force is transmitted, at least partially, to the base plate by means of the generated torque.The lever element can have several struts, beams, or other types of supporting structures in order to transmit the compressive force in a particularly targeted manner.

[0007] In other words, a moving motor vehicle colliding with the contact surface causes a force to be introduced, which is transmitted via the force introduction element, the central section and the lever element to the base plate and can push it away from the ground in the direction of the vehicle.

[0008] Additionally, a connecting strut is arranged on the base plate and the force application element, via which at least part of the applied collision force is transferred as a tensile force to the base plate. The transferred compressive and / or tensile force allows the base plate to be moved, at least in certain areas, from the ground towards the vehicle. The acting forces can thus catapult the base plate towards the vehicle's underbody, preventing the vehicle from proceeding or from breaching the access barrier. Depending on the design, the entire base plate or only specific sections can be catapulted towards the vehicle.

[0009] At least one safety bolt forms a positive-locking connection between the base plate and the collision element, whereby the positive-locking connection can be released if a threshold value of the transmitted compressive and / or tensile force is exceeded. The release of the positive-locking connection is generally achieved by the breakage of the safety bolt when the collision force, which significantly influences the compressive and tensile force, is sufficiently large.

[0010] The safety bolt can have a predetermined breaking point with a locally adapted, for example, reduced, diameter to facilitate easier release. The safety bolt ensures that the catapult effect is only triggered when a threshold is exceeded. This is intended to prevent the access barrier from being activated by a comparatively small collision force, such as that caused by vandalism, inattentive road users, or by driving over the barrier.

[0011] The threshold value can be adapted to a specific vehicle class, for example, to the collision forces generated by a truck or a passenger car. Besides the dimensions of the safety bolt, the threshold value can also be influenced by its arrangement on the access barrier. For example, the safety bolt can be located on the lever element in the area of ​​the central section or at an end of the lever element facing away from the central section. Depending on the design, the safety bolt can also be multi-part, for example, an assembly consisting of a screw and thread and one or more sleeves. Depending on the design of the safety bolt, the access barrier is suitable, for example, for impeding trucks or passenger cars.The positive locking connection of the safety bolt can also be locally supplemented by a material-locking connection, for example by spot welding between the safety bolt and the base plate.

[0012] The force transmission element and / or the central section and / or the base plate have at least one hook element for burying the access barrier in the ground and / or for wedging the access barrier in the vehicle, wherein the at least one hook element is spaced away from the ground and / or vehicle when the positive locking connection is intact and allows the access barrier to be buried and / or wedged when the positive locking connection is released.

[0013] The access barrier thus has two states: A first state with an intact positive-locking connection and intact bolt. This state exists when the collision force does not exceed the threshold. The hook element is then essentially inactive. The second state occurs when the positive-locking connection is disengaged and the collision force has exceeded the threshold. The sufficiently large collision force destroys the bolt and causes the base plate to be catapulted from the ground towards the vehicle. The at least one hook element is then activated and, in this context, also acts as a kind of abutment, preventing the access barrier from slipping. This increases the leverage of the access barrier and directs a significantly larger proportion of the applied collision force towards the vehicle.

[0014] The at least one hook element can be designed as an outward-projecting point or notch, or in the form of a claw, so that the access barrier wedges itself particularly securely into the ground and / or the vehicle, especially in the event of a collision. This ensures that the force introduced by the collision is not, for example, converted into a sliding motion of the access barrier on the ground, but is largely transferred into the tensile and compressive forces acting on the colliding vehicle. The hook elements thus make the access barrier particularly effective.

[0015] The access barrier described in this disclosure has the advantage that it does not need to be integrated into the ground and is therefore flexible and cost-effective in terms of location. Since a large portion of the force transmitted into the access barrier by the colliding vehicle is redirected towards the vehicle in a catapult-like manner, the barrier reliably obstructs access even at high collision speeds. Furthermore, the access barrier has the advantage that it can be used to obstruct different vehicle classes.

[0016] Preferably, several rubber elements are arranged on the base plate, facing the ground. These rubber elements are located between the ground and the base plate, providing it with a particularly stable hold. Especially when the barrier is subjected to a vehicle load, the rubber elements reduce slippage of the barrier and thus indirectly impede the vehicle's passage.

[0017] Preferably, the multiple rubber elements are arranged at least partially in the edge areas of the base plate. This increases the adhesion of the base plate to the floor.

[0018] Rubber elements containing at least one of the following materials exhibit particularly advantageous adhesion: polyisoprene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, polysiloxane, urethane, terpolymer, polychloroprene, and / or carbon black and / or silica to increase strength and / or wear resistance. Such rubber elements adhere comparatively strongly and are also more durable and therefore more environmentally friendly.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the base plate and the contact surface can enclose an adjustable angle α, wherein the access barrier has an access-blocking state with an angle 20° < α < 160° and an access-releasing state with an angle 20° > α > 160°. If the angle α is less than 20° or greater than 160°, the contact surface lies so flat against the base plate that a vehicle can drive over it. Only at an angle within this range is the contact surface sufficiently steep relative to the base plate for the access barrier to exert its blocking effect. The access barrier is thus adjustable between the blocking and releasing states and can therefore, for example, grant access only for a specific period of time.It is not necessary to move the access barrier to a different location, making it particularly easy to block and reopen access.

[0020] Preferably, the force application element, the central section, the lever element, and the connecting strut are formed in one piece. This embodiment is therefore particularly compact and can be used especially advantageously on narrow streets.

[0021] It can be designed that the collision element, in its collision-free state, has a decreasing cross-section from a section near the ground to a section further away from the ground. A significant portion of the collision element's mass, and thus a significant portion of the access barrier's mass, is therefore located near the ground and decreases towards the section further away from the ground due to the decreasing cross-section. The access barrier thus has a particularly low center of gravity and can therefore be positioned relatively stably on the ground.

[0022] The collision element can include a fixing device. This fixing device allows for fine-tuning and fixing the position of the access barrier on the ground, particularly in a one-piece design. The fixing device is preferably located on the contact surface. In the case of a multi-part access barrier, the fixing device can be used to fix the angle α between the base plate and the contact surface. The locking state of the access barrier can then be switched between a locking and a unlocking state using the fixing device.

[0023] The base plate may be designed to have at least one foldable extension element to allow the vehicle to drive onto it stably. This makes the base plate particularly easy to extend and reduces the likelihood of a collision. The extension element may also incorporate at least one rubber element, further increasing the stability of the barrier.

[0024] Preferably, the force transmission element and / or the lever element and / or the connecting strut has a double-beam structure. The double-beam structure reinforces the respective component, enabling the reinforced access barrier to transmit comparatively large tensile and compressive forces. In other words, the access barrier is then particularly reliable against collisions with comparatively heavy or fast-moving vehicles. The force transmission element, the lever element, the connecting strut, and / or the double-beam structure can be made of a particularly strong and heavy material, for example, steel or cast iron.

[0025] The connecting strut can have a joint for the foldable arrangement of the force application element on the base plate. This simplifies the adjustment of the angle α. Furthermore, the access barrier can be folded in such a way that it can be stored or transported in a space-saving manner outside the area of ​​use.

[0026] Aspects of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the following figures and the accompanying description. The figures show: Fig. 1a a first embodiment of the access barrier in the access-blocking state and in perspective view; Fig. 1b the collision element installed in the first embodiment in a perspective view; Fig. 2a a second embodiment of the access barrier in the access-blocking state and in perspective view; Fig. 2b the second embodiment in a cutaway side view.

[0027] Fig. Figure 1a shows a first embodiment of the access barrier 1 in the access-blocking state and in a perspective view. The access barrier 1 has a base plate 10 and two laterally arranged, foldable extension elements 13, which extend the base plate 10. Rubber elements 30, directed towards the ground, are arranged on the base plate 10 and the extension elements 13, which improve the adhesion and stability of the access barrier 1 on the ground. Since the access barrier 1 is shown in a blocking state, a collision element 20 projects away from the base plate 10 or the ground (not shown), thus exposing a contact surface 21. This is connected to the force application element 22, via which a collision force F, the direction of action of which is indicated by the thick arrow, can be absorbed by the access barrier. The other components of the collision element 20 are described in Fig. 1b described.

[0028] Fig. Figure 1b shows the collision element 20 installed in the first embodiment in a perspective view and is compared to the one in Fig. The view shown in Figure 1a is rotated 180°. The collision element 20 shown has a force application element 22 connected to the contact surface 21 for applying the collision force F. The lever element 24 and a connecting strut 25 are arranged on the collision element 22 via the central section 23. At the central section 23, the applied collision force F is at least partially converted into a torque M, which in turn transmits part of the force to the lever element in the form of a compressive force F'. Furthermore, the connecting strut 25 causes part of the applied collision force to act on the lever element 24 in the form of a tensile force F''. The force application element 22, the lever element 24, and the connecting strut 25 each have a double-beam structure 221, so that the collision element 20 is designed to be particularly stable.

[0029] In the illustrated embodiment, the tensile force F'' and the compressive force F' are in the same direction and, upon application of the collision force, can cause the base plate 10 (not shown) to be catapulted upwards against the underside of the vehicle. For anchoring in the base plate, the collision element 20 is connected to the base plate 10 via connecting means 241 on the lever element. To ensure that the base plate 10 is only activated when a threshold value of the transmitted compressive and / or tensile force F', F'' is exceeded, safety bolts 40 first form a positive-locking connection between the base plate 10 (not shown) and the collision element 20. A first safety bolt 40 is arranged in the area of ​​the central section 23, while a second safety bolt 40 is arranged at an end of the lever element 24 facing away from the central section.

[0030] To enable flexible operation of the access barrier between a locked and a unlocked state, the connecting strut 25 has a joint 251. The respective state is determined by an angle α, which is spanned between the contact surface 21 and the lever element 24 or the base plate 10. An angle α can be set by means of a fixing device 28, which is arranged on the contact surface 21; in the illustrated view, this angle α is approximately 80°. The fixing device 28 can also be used to position the access barrier 1.

[0031] Furthermore, a hook element 231 is arranged on a section of the force application element 22 that faces the vehicle in the event of a collision. This hook element is suitable for wedging the access barrier 1 into the vehicle. Additional hook elements 231 are arranged on the central section 23 and, in the event of a collision, facilitate the burying of the access barrier 1 in the ground.

[0032] Fig. Figure 2a shows a second embodiment of the access barrier in the barrier state and in a perspective view with a base plate 10 on which projecting hook elements 231 and rubber elements 30 directed towards the ground are arranged. In the event of a collision, the collision force F acts in the direction of the arrow on the contact surface 21 and is at least partially transmitted via the central section 23 into a torque M, which in turn causes the tensile and compressive forces F' and F'' directed in the direction of the arrow. The base plate 10 can then be levered by the tensile and compressive forces F' and F'' towards the colliding vehicle (not shown), so that the access barrier 1 can anchor itself in the vehicle via the hook elements 231 and prevent it from continuing its journey. Furthermore, in Fig. 2a a section plane AA indicated by a dashed line is shown, the resulting section view in Fig. 2b is shown.

[0033] Fig.Figure 2b shows the second embodiment in a view cut along the section plane AA and in a side view. This view shows that the force application element 22, the central section 23, the lever element 24, and the connecting strut 25 are designed as a single-piece collision element 20. This results in a comparatively small and compact design for the access barrier 1. The angle α between the contact surface 21 and the lever element 24 is not flexibly adjustable and remains constant at approximately 100°. To reduce the probability of slippage in the event of a collision, this embodiment features several claw-like hook elements 231 in addition to the rubber elements 30 in the edge regions 11 of the base plate 10.These are arranged on a section 27 of the collision element 20 far from the ground, on the central section and on the base plate 10 and cause the access barrier 1 to wedge itself in the ground and in the vehicle in the event of a collision.

[0034] In this embodiment, the one-piece collision element 20 is positively connected to the base plate 10 at an outer area of ​​the lever element 24 via the safety bolt 40. This advantageously prevents the catapult effect from being triggered by a collision force F that is less than the threshold of the transmitted compressive force F' and tensile force F''. The access barrier therefore only wedges itself against the safety bolt 40 when the collision force F, or the compressive force F' or tensile force F'', is sufficiently large.

[0035] In order to make the access barrier 1 more weight-saving without sacrificing functionality, the collision element 20 has a decreasing cross-section running from a section 26 near the ground to the section 27 further away from the ground. LIST OF REFERENCE MARKS 1 Access barrier 10 Base plate 11 peripheral areas 12 cutouts 13 foldable extension elements 20 collision elements 21 Contact area 22 Force introduction element 221 Double beam structure 23 Central Section 231 Hook element 24 Lever element 241 Fasteners 25 Connecting strut 251 Joint 26 ground-level section 27. Section far from the ground 28 Fixing device 30 rubber elements 40 safety bolts an adjustable angle between base plate and contact surface F Collision force F' Pressure force F'' tractive force M torque

Claims

[1] Access barrier (1) to impede the passage of a vehicle with: a. a floor slab that can be arranged on a floor (10); b. a collision element (20) arranged on the base plate (10) and projecting from the base plate (10) in a collision-free state with i. a contact surface (21) for colliding with the vehicle when driving over the access barrier (1); ii. a force introduction element (22) arranged on the contact surface (21) for introducing a collision force (F) from the contact surface (21) as a result of a collision with the vehicle; iii. a central section (23) arranged on the force application element (22), in which a torque (M) is at least partially generated by means of the applied collision force (F), iv. a lever element (24) arranged on the central section (23), via which a pressure force (F') is transmitted at least partially to the base plate (10) by means of the generated torque (M) and with v. a connecting strut (25) arranged on the base plate (10) and the force introduction element (22) via which at least partially the introduced collision force (F) transmits a tensile force (F'') to the base plate (10), c. wherein the base plate (10) is at least partially movable from the ground towards the vehicle by the transmitted compressive force (F') and / or tensile force (F''), d. wherein at least one safety bolt (40) forms a positive locking connection between the base plate (10) and the collision element (20), wherein the positive locking connection is detachable when a threshold value of the transmitted compressive force (F') and tensile force (F'') is exceeded and e. wherein the force application element (22) and / or the central section (23) and / or the base plate (10) have or have at least one hook element (231) for burying the access barrier (1) in the ground and / or for wedging the access barrier (1) in the vehicle and wherein the at least one hook element (231) i. is spaced away from the ground and / or vehicle with an intact positive-locking connection and ii. when the positive locking connection is released, it allows the access barrier (1) to be buried and / or wedged in place. [2] Access barrier (1) according to claim 1, characterized by that several rubber elements (30) directed towards the ground are arranged on the base plate (10). [3] Access barrier (1) according to claim 2, characterized by that the several rubber elements (30) are arranged at least partially in edge areas (11) of the base plate (10). [4] Access barrier (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the rubber elements (30) comprise at least one of the following materials: polyisoprene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, polysiloxane, urethane, terpolymer, polychloroprene and / or carbon black and / or silica to increase strength and / or wear resistance. [5] Access barrier (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the base plate (10) and the contact surface (21) enclose an adjustable angle a and wherein the access barrier (1) has an access-blocking state with an angle 20° < a < 160° and an access-releasing state with an angle 20° > a >160°. [6] Access barrier (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the force introduction element (22), the central section (23), the lever element (24) and the connecting strut (25) are formed in one piece. [7] Access barrier (1) according to claim 6, characterized by, that the collision element (20) in the collision-free state has a decreasing cross-section extending from a section (26) near the ground to a section (27) far from the ground. [8] Access barrier (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the base plate (10) has at least one foldable extension element (13) for stable driving of the vehicle onto the base plate (10). [9] Access barrier (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the force introduction element (22) and / or the lever element (24) and / or the connecting strut (25) have or have a double beam structure (221). [10] Access barrier (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the connecting strut (25) has at least one joint (251) for the foldable arrangement of the force introduction element (22) on the base plate (10).

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