Rope drum and fiber rope drive with such a rope drum

Description

[0001] The present invention relates generally to rope drives operating with high-strength fiber ropes, such as crane hoists, boom extension mechanisms, trolley drives, and the like. The invention relates in particular to a rope drum for such a fiber rope drive, comprising a drum body for winding the fiber rope, flanges enclosing the drum body, and a rope end fastening device for attaching a rope end to the rope drum.

[0002] A rope drum according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from US 2,846,162 A. A similar rope drum is shown in DE 895082 C.

[0003] For some time now, efforts have been underway in lifting technology, and especially in cranes, to replace the usual heavy steel cables with high-strength fiber ropes. These ropes are made of high-strength synthetic fibers such as aramid fibers (HMPA), aramid / carbon fiber blends, high-modulus polyethylene fibers (HMPE), or poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) fibers (PBO), or at least contain such fibers. The weight savings compared to steel cables allow for an increase in the load-bearing capacity or the permissible lifting load, as the rope's own weight, which must be considered for load-bearing capacity, is lower. Particularly in cranes with great lifting heights, or in booms or mast extension systems with pulleys of high reeving ratios, considerable rope lengths and thus a corresponding rope weight are required, making the weight reduction possible with high-strength fiber ropes highly advantageous.In addition to the weight advantage of the fiber rope itself, its use also allows for weight savings in other components. For example, the load hook can be lighter, as less weight is required to tension a fiber rope. Furthermore, the good flexibility of fiber ropes allows for smaller bending radii and thus smaller sheaves or pulleys on the crane, leading to further weight reduction, particularly in the area of ​​the crane boom. This enables a significant increase in load moment at long crane reaches.

[0004] In addition to the aforementioned weight advantages, fiber rope drives are characterized by a longer service life, easy handling and good flexibility, as well as the fact that rope lubrication is no longer necessary.

[0005] On the other hand, there are some problems with high-strength fiber ropes that complicate a simple conversion from steel rope to fiber rope. A key issue here is the rope end attachment to the rope drum. With steel ropes, the rope end attachment is usually achieved using clamping jaws on the outside of the drum's flange, where the rope end, which has been led outwards through an opening in the flange, is clamped (see US 2,846,162 A and DE 895,082 C). Such a steel rope end attachment of a common design is shown in the... Fig. 10The steel cable is guided in an arc along the outside of the rim and clamped in place by several – in the illustrated figure, five – separate, spaced-apart clamping jaws. To reduce the cable tension on these clamping jaws, at least three safety turns are typically used on the cable drum to reduce the cable tension in the area of ​​the clamping jaws through the resulting friction around the wrap.

[0006] These in Fig. 10 The type of rope end fastening shown provides sufficient security against rope end loosening in a steel rope. In most cases, the necessary safety measures against rope loosening are prescribed by law or by classification societies such as DNV.

[0007] However, the aforementioned fastening method, used for steel cables, is insufficient and problematic for high-strength fiber ropes. One reason for this is that high-strength fiber ropes have significantly lower coefficients of friction. While the coefficient of friction between a steel cable and a steel drum is approximately 0.1 µm, it is only about 0.05 µm for a high-strength fiber rope. This means that, for the same tensile force at the rope end, at least seven safety turns would be required for a high-strength fiber rope to achieve the same holding force through wrap friction. Additionally, the fastening to the drum's flange would also need to be modified due to the aforementioned lower coefficient of friction of 0.05 µm.However, increasing the clamping force is not easily possible, as the transverse stiffness of the steel cable used is significantly higher than that of a fiber rope, so that, on the contrary, the clamping forces of a fiber rope are much more critical and must be limited more strictly.

[0008] For this reason, WO 2012 / 100939 A1 already proposes completely dispensing with rope clamping to avoid damaging the high-strength fiber rope through lateral deformation. While the rope end is held on the outside of the rim by means of screw jaws, similar to a known steel rope end fastening, these screw jaws do not act as clamping jaws but merely define a guide channel for the fiber rope, allowing it to run under the jaws without lateral clamping. In WO 2012 / 100939 A1, the rope end fastening is achieved by a rope eye spliced ​​into the rope end, which is hooked onto a rigid retaining bollard on the outside of the rim.

[0009] While this mitigates the problem of transverse crushing of the high-tensile fiber rope, such a spliced ​​rope end loop, which may be reinforced by a thimble, hinders rope pulling. To thread the rope through reeving blocks and pulleys, the rope requires at least one smooth, unspliced ​​end. Furthermore, passing the rope through the drum's flange to access the outer surface is nearly impossible with a spliced ​​rope end loop. This would require an excessively weakened, oversized flange hole, unless the rope end is to be spliced ​​after threading through to the aforementioned loop loop, which is practically impossible.

[0010] The present invention therefore aims to provide an improved fiber rope drive and an improved rope drum for this purpose, avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art and advantageously developing the latter further. In particular, an improved rope end attachment of high-strength fiber ropes to the rope drum is to be achieved, which takes into account the special characteristics of high-strength fiber ropes such as low coefficient of friction, limited transverse compressive strength and bendability, without impairing the threading and unthreading of the rope by pulleys at rope reeving points and on the rope drum.

[0011] According to the invention, the aforementioned problem is solved by a rope drum according to claim 1 and a fiber rope drive according to claim 18. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0012] It is therefore proposed to lengthen the rope length available for securing the rope end by means of a reciprocating rope guide and to significantly increase the holding effect by folding the rope around a rope-folding element attached to the rope drum. According to the invention, the rope end fastening device of the rope drum comprises two adjacent strand guide channels leading to a rope-folding element around which the rope end can be folded over and back, so that one rope strand lies in each of the two strand guide channels, and furthermore a clamping device associated with the strand guide channels for clamping at least the rope strand that has been folded back around the rope-folding element in the strand guide channel associated with this rope strand.By folding the rope in a U-shape around the aforementioned rope-handling element, which, due to the adjacent rope guide channels, results in a relatively sharp, rope-eye-like loop around the rope-handling element, and by clamping the folded-back rope end section, high rope holding forces can be generated and absorbed at the rope-handling element, similar to the effect of a rope eye attached to a bollard, but without actually requiring a spliced ​​rope eye. The forces that the clamping itself has to absorb are significantly reduced by the rope holding forces absorbed at the rope deflection device, so that lower clamping forces are sufficient.

[0013] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the clamping device can be designed not only to clamp the folded-back rope end section, but also to clamp the rope section leading towards the rope-handling element, so that both the rope strand coming from the drum body and the folded-back rope strand leading to the rope end can be clamped in the aforementioned adjacent strand guide channels. This allows the rope length to be clamped to be significantly increased without requiring significantly more installation space. Advantageously, the rope strand leading towards the rope-handling element and the folded-back, outgoing rope strand can be clamped by common clamping jaws that cover or encompass the two adjacent rope strands and clamp them together.

[0014] The clamping rope contact contour of the clamping device can advantageously be designed such that the adjacent rope strands are clamped or pressed against each other and also against a wall of the strand guide channels on the rope drum. By pressing the opposing rope sections against each other in this way, the slip resistance can be further increased. Since the rope sections pressed against each other are folded around the aforementioned rope deflection element, the two rope sections would move in opposite directions during any rope movement, requiring the static friction of the pressed rope sections to be overcome. This static friction is particularly helpful with fiber ropes, as it can lead to a micro-interlock between the rope fibers, further increasing the slip resistance.

[0015] To not only clamp the rope sections approaching and departing from the rope deflection element against the walls of the rope guide channels, but also to press them against each other, the rope guide channels and the clamping clip extending above them can define a common through-hole for both rope strands, preferably with a flattened cross-section, and in particular at least approximately oval. Specifically, the adjacent strand guide channels leading to the aforementioned rope deflection element can merge into one another or have a common trough-shaped channel bottom, approximately U-shaped in cross-section, which can be completely flat in the center without a dividing rib or, optionally, have a raised, hump-like base in the center that conforms to the rope cross-sections.Alternatively or additionally, the rope contact contour of the clamping means assigned to the strand guide channels can have a common trough shape that accommodates both rope strands, in particular in the form of a clamping bracket roof that is flattened in cross-section and at least approximately U-shaped, which may also have a slight, bumpy contour elevation in the middle that conforms to the rope contours.

[0016] To sufficiently press the adjacent rope strands against each other, the width of the aforementioned channel base and / or clamping bracket roof, corresponding to the extent between the lateral boundary flanks of the channel base and / or clamping bracket roof perpendicular to the rope's longitudinal direction, can be smaller, in particular slightly smaller, or possibly equal to twice the rope diameter of the unclamped, unloaded rope. Alternatively or additionally, the height of the rope passage opening, defined between the channel base and the clamping bracket roof, can be smaller than or equal to the single rope diameter of the unclamped, unloaded rope. The interplay of the height and width of the passage openings for the two rope strands allows for control of the ratio of clamping against the rope drum wall to the jamming of the rope strands against each other.If, for example, the height of the opening is chosen to be smaller than the rope diameter, the rope strands will be compressed against the drum wall, resulting in a cross-sectional deformation of the rope strands. With a channel width that is twice the rope diameter, this deformation leads to the rope strands being pressed against each other. Conversely, with a channel width slightly smaller than twice the rope diameter, a height equal to the rope diameter may be sufficient for clamping, as this results in a cross-sectional deformation in the direction of the channel width, which in turn leads to vertical rope clamping.

[0017] As an alternative to such a common rope strand clamping system, where the rope strands are also clamped against each other, the rope strands running towards and away from the rope deflection device can also be clamped individually, with separate clamping jaws optionally provided for each rope strand. This would, in particular, allow the clamping forces for each rope strand to be adjusted separately. This can be especially advantageous in conjunction with the design of the rope deflection element, as will be explained later.

[0018] The aforementioned rope-folding element, around which the rope end to be secured is folded back, can be designed in various ways. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the aforementioned rope-folding element can comprise a bollard, a bolt, or a blunt projection, which can be rigidly or immovably attached to the rope drum and forms a rigid deflection point for the rope end to be folded back. The rope can be looped around the aforementioned bollard or bolt, so that a corresponding wrapping friction results depending on the wrapping angle.

[0019] The aforementioned deflection bolt is advantageously arranged in an area where the two adjacent cable guide channels end or lead to, so that the aforementioned deflection bolt lies in the direction of pull of the cable strands arranged in the cable guide channels and the cable holding forces introduced by the bolt or bollard essentially only hold the cable strands in the longitudinal direction of the cable guide channels and do not attempt to pull them out of the cable guide channels transversely.

[0020] The aforementioned mounting bollard can form a separate component rigidly attached to the cable drum, particularly its end plate. Alternatively, the mounting bollard can also be integrally molded as a single piece, homogeneous with the same material, onto a structural part of the cable drum, particularly on the outer surface of the end plate.

[0021] The aforementioned fastening bollard can have a cross-section that is rounded at least on the tension side, and in particular can be approximately cylindrical, with the diameter of the fastening bollard being at least equal to the rope diameter, preferably in the range of 1.5 to 5 times the rope diameter. This allows for a favorable compromise between a compact design and minimal bending of the fiber rope.

[0022] The wrap angle of the fiber rope around the aforementioned mounting bollard can preferably be in the range of approximately 180°, and in particular 170° to 200°. However, a 1.5-fold wrap, i.e., a wrap angle of approximately 540°, can also be provided, which can significantly increase the holding forces on the mounting bollard. For the sake of an even distribution of the holding forces across the clamping jaws, however, a wrap angle of only half a turn, i.e., approximately 180°, may be advantageous.

[0023] Alternatively or in addition to such a fixed deflection bollard, the aforementioned rope-handling element can itself be designed to clamp, so that the fiber rope is also clamped on the rope-handling element itself.

[0024] For this purpose, for example, an adjustable clamping disc, which can be pulled down / pressed down in the longitudinal direction of the bollard, can be provided on the aforementioned mounting bollard, by means of which the rope guided around the bollard can be clamped against the rope drum wall.

[0025] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the clamping at the rope-turning element can also be achieved by designing the rope-turning element as a rope clamping lock. Such a rope clamping lock can advantageously comprise a movably or slidably mounted rope deflection block, which is slidably arranged in a tapered rope guide such that the rope tension pulls the deflection block and thus the rope into the clamping contour. Advantageously, said deflection block and / or the guide contour receiving the deflection block can be wedge-shaped and / or funnel-shaped and / or have a tapered contour in the direction of the rope running off the deflection block.

[0026] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the aforementioned deflection block and / or the rope guide contour surrounding the deflection block can have a taper in the range of a wedge angle of 2 x 3° to 2 x 20°, preferably 2 x 5° to 2 x 10°. This allows high clamping friction to be achieved without excessive crushing of the fiber rope.

[0027] Advantageously, the clamping block and the rope guide contours surrounding the clamping block can be adapted to each other over a length that is at least twice, preferably five times or more, the rope diameter. Such a relatively large length of the clamping contour pairing prevents excessive crushing of the fiber rope.

[0028] In a further development of the invention, the fiber rope can wrap around the aforementioned deflection block, which acts as a clamping wedge, with a wrapping angle of approximately 180°, preferably 180° to 220°, so that the fiber rope can be clamped against rope guide contours provided on opposite sides of the deflection block, and at the same time the rope pull pulls the deflection block into the funnel-shaped rope guide contours.

[0029] In an advantageous further development, the aforementioned rope clamp lock, at least including the aforementioned deflection block and the rope guide contours surrounding it, can form a separate, pre-assembled unit that can be subsequently attached to the rope drum, in particular its flange. This pre-assembled unit can advantageously also include the rope guide channels leading to the rope clamp lock and / or the clamping jaws associated with the rope guide channels, so that the entire rope end fastening device can be mounted or retrofitted onto the rope drum, in particular its flange, as a pre-assembled unit. Alternatively, however, it would also be possible to design and mount the aforementioned components of the rope clamp lock and / or the clamping jaws separately.

[0030] To enhance the clamping action of the aforementioned rope clamp, it can be advantageous to clamp the rope strand leading to the clamp and the rope strand leading away from the clamp with varying degrees of force. In particular, the folded rope section leading to the rope end can be clamped more tightly than the rope strand coming from the drum body. Such varying clamping of the incoming and outgoing rope strands ensures that the rope clamp can achieve its full effect and takes into account the rope-holding action of the rope clamp by ensuring an even distribution of the holding forces across the clamping jaws.

[0031] For example, the strand of rope running towards the rope clamp, coming from the drum body, may not be clamped at all or only very lightly, so that the clamping jaws spanning this strand essentially only act as a rope guide. In this case, only the folded-back section of rope is clamped and held by the corresponding clamping jaws.

[0032] Alternatively, in the case of a rope clamp lock, both rope strands – i.e., the strand coming from the drum body and running towards the rope clamp lock, and the strand that is folded back – can be clamped. Advantageously, the clamping device can be designed such that the clamping force on the folded-back rope strand is greater than the clamping force on the rope strand running towards the lock. Such differential clamping forces can be achieved, for example, by varying the torque with which the clamping screws tightening the clamping jaws are tightened. Alternatively or additionally, clamping jaws can be provided that are tightened to a stop or end and thus always assume the same clamping position, but have different dimensions with respect to the opening for the rope strands defined by the clamping jaws.In particular, the clamping contour assigned to the folded rope strand can define a smaller rope passage cross-section than the clamping contour assigned to the rope strand approaching the rope lock from the drum body. For example, the height of the rope contact section of the clamping jaw assigned to the rope strand approaching the rope lock can be greater than the height of the clamping jaw rope contact section assigned to the folded rope strand, resulting in the rope strands being pressed against the rope drum wall with varying degrees of force.

[0033] The varying clamping force of the rope strands mentioned above can be particularly advantageous in conjunction with the aforementioned rope lock, but can also be used in principle with the previously described design using a rigid deflection bollard. This varying clamping force can also be combined with the previously described design in which the rope strands are not only pressed and clamped against a rope drum wall, but also pressed against each other.

[0034] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to advantageous embodiments and accompanying drawings. The drawings show: Fig. 1: A perspective view of a rope drum of a fiber rope drive according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, wherein the rope fastening device on the outside of a flange and the fiber rope attached thereto are shown. Fig. 2: A schematic, perspective side view of the rope drum made of Fig. 1, wherein the rope fastening device is shown without rope, so that the rope guide channels are visible, which in this embodiment merge into one another in order to be able to press the rope strands against each other, Fig. 3: a schematic, perspective view of the rope drum from the preceding figures, showing the threading of the fiber rope through the flange, Fig. 4: a perspective, schematic view of the rope drum from the preceding figures, showing the threading of the rope through the flange from the drum side, Fig. 5: a schematic, perspective view of the rope drum from the preceding figures, showing the fiber rope after insertion into the rope guide channels and folded back around the deflection bollard with the clamping jaws still removed, Fig.Fig. 6: a schematic, perspective view of the rope drum from the preceding figures, showing the rope fastening device after the first clamping jaw has been attached; Fig. 7: a schematic, perspective view of the rope drum from the preceding figures, showing the rope fastening device after the three clamping jaws have been attached; Fig. 8: a frontal top view of the outside of the rim of the rope drum and the rope fastening device attached to it in the fully assembled state. Fig. 7Fig. 9: a frontal top view of the outside of the rim of a rope drum of a fiber rope drive, which does not show an embodiment of the invention, wherein the rope fastening device comprises a rope clamp lock instead of the rigid deflection bollard shown in the preceding figures, in which the folded-back fiber rope is clamped in addition to the clamping jaws, Fig. 10: a partially enlarged frontal view of the rope fastening device and its rope clamp lock made of Fig. 9 , Fig. 11: a sectional view through one of the clamping jaws along line AA in Fig. 10 , which shows the different contours of the rope contact sections of the clamping jaw in order to achieve different clamping forces for the different rope strands, and Fig. 12: a frontal top view of the outside of the rim of a rope drum according to the prior art, showing the conventional rope fastening for steel ropes.

[0035] The rope drums 1 shown in the figures each comprise a roughly cylindrical drum shell body 2, at the axial ends of which a flange 3 is attached, which roughly speaking extend perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drum and project radially outwards from the drum shell surface and have a significantly larger diameter than the drum shell.

[0036] The cable drum 1 shown can be used in particular in lifting mechanisms of a crane such as a tower crane or a mobile telescopic crane or a boom mast adjustment mechanism or also in other cable winches.

[0037] The aforementioned flanges 3 can be connected to the drum shell body 2 in various ways. For example, a one-piece construction is conceivable, although it is advantageous that the flanges 3 can be subsequently attached to the drum shell body 2. For example Fig. 1As shown, the flanges 3 can be placed on the front of the drum shell body 2 and fastened by means of fasteners in the form of screw bolts 5.

[0038] The drum shell body 2 can be provided with grooves 4, the rope grooves 6 of which can extend over the entire drum shell body 2.

[0039] To attach the rope end 7 of the rope 8, which is to be wound onto the drum body 2, to the rope drum 1, the rope 8 can be guided with its rope end 7 through the flange 3 to an outer side of one of the flanges 3 and secured there by means of a rope fastening device 9. As the Figures 3 and 4 As shown, the rim plate 3 can have a rope passage 10 in the form of a recess in the rim plate 3, in particular in the form of a through hole, in a section adjacent to the drum shell body 2.

[0040] The rope fastening device 9, which is provided and attached to the outside of the rim plate 3, can form a separate, pre-assembled unit from the rim plate 3 and be mounted as a whole on the outside of the rim plate. Alternatively, the components of the rope fastening device 9, which will be described below, can also be mounted separately on the rim plate 3.

[0041] How Fig. 5 As shown, the rope fastening device 9 is designed such that the rope 8 can be clamped on the outside of the flange 3 without a spliced ​​rope eye and also without a pressed-on rope thickening end or other rope modifications, wherein the rope fastening device 9 provides for a folding back or flipping of the rope end 7, so that two rope strands 11 and 12, which are formed from different sections of the rope 8, come to lie next to each other, cf. Fig. 5 .

[0042] The rope fastening device 9 comprises two adjacent rope guide channels 13, 14, which extend side by side in an arc around the axis of rotation of the rope drum 1 away from the aforementioned rope passage 10 and lead to a rope deflection element 15 of the rope fastening device 9, around which the rope 8 can be folded.

[0043] The aforementioned rope guide channels 13 and 14 can merge into one another and / or be formed by a common trough-shaped collecting channel in which both rope strands 11 and 12 can be accommodated, cf. Fig. 2 Alternatively, the cable guide channels 13 and 14 can also be arranged separately and / or spaced apart from each other, but preferably running essentially parallel to each other, cf. Fig. 9 .

[0044] Regardless of whether they are formed jointly, seamlessly, or separately, the aforementioned cable guide channels 13 and 14 can be formed directly in the flange 3 or in a support plate that is mounted on the flange 3 and can form the support plate of the aforementioned pre-assembled component. The aforementioned cable guide channels 13 and 14 can be designed in the form of a groove-shaped recess, the depth of which is preferably smaller than the cable diameter, for example, even less than half the cable diameter – in the case of an undeformed, unloaded cable – cf. Fig. 11 , which shows the trough depth of the cable guide channels 13 and 14 for separate cable guide channels 13 and 14, but also applies accordingly to a common collector channel.

[0045] As the Figure 1 and 2As shown, the cable guide channels 13 and 14, which extend in an arc around the cable drum axis, run from the cable guide 10 towards the aforementioned cable deflection element 15, which can be rigidly attached to the flange 3 at a sufficient distance from the cable guide 10, for example at an angle of approximately π / 4 from the cable guide 10. Depending on the required cable clamping length, however, the distance from the cable guide 10 can also be dimensioned differently.

[0046] The aforementioned rope deflection element 15 can, as the Figures 1 to 8 show that a rigid deflecting bollard 16 may have a collar 17 spaced apart from the rim plate 3 to prevent unintentional sliding off the deflecting bollard 16. How Fig. 8As shown, the deflecting bollard 16 can have at least a rounded cross-section, in particular be approximately cylindrical and have a diameter that can be in the range of 1 to 5 times, in particular approximately 2 times, the rope diameter.

[0047] The collar 17, attached to the rigid deflection bollard 16, can be spaced at different distances from the flange 3 and / or attached in different positions to adapt the rope deflection element 15 to different rope diameters, and in particular to achieve a certain clamping effect. For example, the collar 17 can be pulled onto the deflection bollard 16 by means of a screw connection to clamp the rope 8 located between the collar 17 and the flange 3, optionally in addition to the clamping jaws 18.

[0048] In order to be able to fix the folded rope 8, the rope fastening device 9 has at least one clamping jaw 18, but preferably several such clamping jaws 18, which can be spaced apart from each other along the course of the rope guide channels 13 and 14.

[0049] The clamping jaws 18 mentioned above can be clamped onto the flange 3 by means of clamping devices 19, for example in the form of screw bolts 25, in order to clamp the rope strands 11 and 12 running under the clamping jaws 18.

[0050] How Figure 1As shown, the clamping jaws 18 can advantageously extend over both rope strands 11 and 12 and be designed such that the rope strands 11 and 12 can be pressed not only against the flange 3 or a support plate of the rope fastening device 9 mounted on the flange 3, but also against each other. This pressing of the two rope strands 11 and 12 against each other can also be supported and / or achieved by appropriately designing the rope guide channels 13 and 14 in the wall opposite the clamping jaws 18. In particular, the rope guide channels 13 and 14 can merge seamlessly into one another and have a common trough-shaped channel bottom, approximately U-shaped in cross-section, on which both rope strands 11 and 12 can be accommodated side by side.Adapted to this trough-shaped channel floor 20, the clamping jaws 18 can advantageously also have a common, trough-shaped clamping jaw roof with an approximately U-shaped cross-section, which extends over the said channel floor 20, so that the rope contact contours that effect the rope clamping define flattened, in particular approximately oval in cross-section, rope passage holes in which the two adjacent rope strands 11 and 12 can be clamped on the one hand between the clamping jaws 18 and walls of the rope guide channels 13 and 14, and on the other hand also pressed against each other.

[0051] For this purpose, the width B of the aforementioned trough-shaped channel floor 20 and / or the trough-shaped clamping jaw roof between lateral boundary flanks of the channel floor and / or the clamping jaw roof can be less than or equal to twice the rope diameter in the unclamped, unloaded rope state, wherein a height H of the aforementioned rope passage channels between channel floor 20 and clamping jaws 18 can be less than or equal to the rope diameter in the unclamped, unloaded rope state.

[0052] By clamping the two rope strands 11 and 12 against each other, additional slip resistance can be achieved, since the rope 8 is wrapped around the deflection bollard 16 and the rope strands 11 and 12 would have to move in opposite directions to each other if the rope 8 were to move, as shown by arrows 28, cf. Fig. 7 and 8 .

[0053] The number of clamping jaws 18 can be varied. In particular, depending on the magnitude of the occurring rope pull and the number of safety turns on the drum body 2, the rope strands 11 and 12 can be clamped on the flange 3 with a variable number of clamping jaws 18, so that they form a compact unit to safely absorb the occurring tensile force through the deflecting bollard 16 and the clamping jaws 18.

[0054] Instead of the aforementioned deflecting bollard 16 rigidly arranged on the rim plate 3, a cable clamp lock 21 can also be provided, which is characterized by the

[0055] The cable itself jammed, clamping cable 8 in the process. How the Figure 9 and 10As shown, such a rope clamping lock 21 can also be arranged at the end of the two adjacent rope guide channels 13 and 14, so that the rope coming from the rope guide 10, which runs towards the rope clamping lock 21 in the rope guide channel 13, can be folded over said rope clamping lock 21, so that the folded-back rope strand 12 runs in the other rope guide channel 14. Unless otherwise specifically explained, the rope drum 1 and also the rope fastening device 9 can otherwise be designed as described with reference to the preceding figures, where corresponding reference numerals are also used for the respective components.

[0056] The aforementioned rope clamping lock 21 comprises a movably mounted deflection block 22, which is displaceable, in particular in the direction of rope pull, around which the rope 8 is folded in the manner described above. The aforementioned deflection block 22 is displaceably arranged in a clamping block 23, which is fixedly mounted on the flange 3 and has rope clamping contours 24 surrounding the deflection block 22. These rope clamping contours 24 can, for example, be formed by flange-like contact ribs that project from the end face of the flange 3 and / or surround the aforementioned deflection block 22 laterally. In particular, a slit-shaped rope passage can be formed between the deflection block 22 and the aforementioned rope clamping contours 24 of the clamping block 23, through which the folded-back rope 8 passes.

[0057] The aforementioned rope clamping contours 24 and the outer contours of the deflection block 22 adapted to them can advantageously taper in the rope pull direction 27 - i.e. towards the clamping jaws 18 - and in particular be wedge-shaped and / or funnel-shaped.

[0058] In particular, the rope clamping contours 24 and the deflection block 23 are designed and coordinated such that the slot-shaped rope passage between the deflection block 22 and the clamping block 23 narrows when the deflection block 22 is pulled into the clamping block 23 and / or towards the clamping block 23 under the rope tension of the rope 8. To achieve sufficient rope clamping force without excessive rope crushing forces, the rope clamping contours 24 of the clamping block 23 and / or the clamping contours of the deflection block 22 can taper at a wedge angle of approximately 2 x 5° to 2 x 15°.Advantageously, the interacting rope clamping contours 24 and the clamping contours of the deflection block 22 can have a rope clamping length along which the deflection block 22 and the clamping block 23 clamp the folded rope 8, which rope clamping length corresponds to at least twice the diameter of the undeformed rope 8, preferably also to more than three times the rope diameter, and in particular also to more than five times the rope diameter.

[0059] The end face of the deflection block 22 facing away from the clamping jaws 18 is advantageously rounded in order to guide the rope 8 in an arc around the deflection block 22.

[0060] To combine ease of use with reliable rope securing, the aforementioned clamping block 23 can have a receiving pocket in which the deflection block 22 is at least partially received and in which the deflection block 22 can be axially displaced. For example, the deflection block 22 can be arranged in the receiving pocket of the clamping block 22 by means of a slotted guide so that it is captive but longitudinally displaceable in the direction of rope pull.

[0061] To enhance the function of the rope clamping lock 21, the clamping jaws 18 can be adjusted and / or designed such that the rope strand 11 running towards the rope clamping lock 21 from the rope guide 10 is clamped less tightly than the rope strand 12 that has been folded back. This results in automatic retensioning of the rope clamping lock 21 when rope movement occurs during rope pull, and thus a higher clamping effect of the rope clamping lock 21.

[0062] The adjustability of a lower rope clamping effect for the incoming rope strand 11 can be achieved, for example, by pre-tensioning the clamping jaws 18 in the area of ​​the aforementioned rope strand 11 with a lower pre-tensioning force, for example by tightening the associated screw bolts 25. Fig. 10 The lower screw bolt 25u is tightened with a lower torque than the screw bolts 25o, which are assigned to the other rope strand 12. Separate clamping jaws can be used for each of the aforementioned rope strands 11 and 12; alternatively, clamping jaws 18 extending over both rope strands 11 and 12 can still be used.

[0063] Alternatively or in addition to setting different preload forces, the clamping jaws 18 can also be contoured differently for the two rope strands 11 and 12 in order to achieve different clamping effects in these strands. In particular, the clamping jaws 18 can be tightened to a block, so that the different clamping effects are achieved solely by different contouring of the jaw sections assigned to the different rope strands 11 and 12. This is illustrated by the following example. Fig. 11, whereby the contour recess of the clamping jaws 18 associated with the incoming rope strand 11 is larger in cross-section than the clamping contour recess associated with the other rope strand 12. In particular, the clamping device 26 can also be designed such that only the folded-back rope strand 12 is clamped, while the clamping jaws 18 in the area of ​​the rope strand 11 merely act as rope guides without actually clamping the rope strand 11.

[0064] Alternatively or in addition to the one described and in Fig. 11In addition to the different designs of the clamping jaw sections for the various rope strands 11 and 12 shown, the rope guide channels 13 and 14, with which the clamping jaws 18 interact, can also be designed differently, in particular such that the rope guide channel 13, which receives the rope strand 11 running from the rope guide 10 to the rope clamping lock 21, is larger and / or deeper and / or wider in cross-section than the rope guide channel 14, which receives the folded rope strand 12. With such different designs of the rope guide channels 13 and 14, symmetrical clamping jaws 18, identically designed on both sections, can be used, so that incorrect assembly with incorrect orientation of the clamping jaws 18 can be easily prevented.

[0065] The different rope clamping forces on the various rope strands 11 and 12 further enhance the automatic retensioning of the rope 8, because the total rope tension force presses the wedge-shaped deflection block 22 into the groove of the clamping block 23. At the same time, the risk of incorrect tightening of the clamping jaws 18 is prevented if the clamping jaws 18 are tightened to full lock or all are fastened with the same preload force. This eliminates the need for the operator to distinguish between upper and lower clamping screws.

Claims

1. Cable drum for a fiber rope mechanism, comprising a drum jacket body (2) intended for winding up the fiber rope (8), flanges (3) delimiting the drum jacket body (2), as well as a rope end fastening device (9) intended to fasten a rope end (7) to the cable drum, the rope end fastening device (9) comprising two strand guiding channels (13, 14) arranged next to one another and optionally merging into one another, which lead to a rope deflection element (15), at which the rope end (7) can be deflected and turned back, such that a respective rope strand (11, 12) is positioned in the strand guiding channels (13, 14), and furthermore a clamping device (26) associated with the strand guiding channels (13, 14), intended to clamp at least the turned-back rope strand (12) in the strand guiding channel (14) associated therewith, characterized in that the clamping device (26) and / or the strand guiding channels (13, 14) have rope contact contours configured in such a manner that the rope strands (11, 12) can be pressed against one another and against a wall of the strand guiding channels (13, 14).

2. Cable drum according to the preceding claim, in which the strand guiding channels (13, 14) merge into one another and have a common tub-shaped channel base (20) with an approximately U-shaped cross-section, and / or the rope contact contours of the clamping device (26) have a common tub-shaped clamping jaw top with an approximately U-shaped cross-section, a width (B) of the channel base (20) and / or of the clamping jaw top between lateral boundary flanks of the channel base (20) and / or of the clamping jaw top being smaller than twice the rope diameter of the unloaded, non-deformed rope (8).

3. Cable drum according to claim 1, in which the strand guiding channels (13, 14) merge into one another and have a common tub-shaped channel base (20) with an approximately U-shaped cross-section, and the rope contact contours of the clamping device (26) have a common tub-shaped clamping jaw top with an approximately U-shaped cross-section, a width (B) of the channel base (20) and / or of the clamping jaw top between lateral boundary flanks of the channel base (20) and / or of the clamping jaw top being equal to twice the rope diameter of the unloaded, non-deformed rope (8), a height (H) of the rope guiding channel between the channel base (20) and the clamping jaw top being smaller than the rope diameter of the unloaded, non-deformed rope (8), such that, upon compression of the rope strands (11, 12) onto the channel base (20) by the clamping jaw top, a cross-sectional deformation of the rope strands (11, 12) occurs, which results in the rope strands (11, 12) being pressed against one another when said width (B) of the channel base and of the clamping jaw top is equal to twice the rope diameter.

4. Cable drum according to one of the preceding claims, in which the rope deflection element (15) is designed in the form of a rigid deflection bollard (16) fixedly arranged on the cable drum (1), around which the rope end (7) is wound at a wrapping angle from which a wrap friction results.

5. Cable drum according to the preceding claim, in which a collar (17) covering the rope (8) deflected around the deflection bollard (16) is associated with the deflection bollard (16), said collar (17) advantageously being displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the deflection bollard (16), in particular being suitable for being preloaded in order to clamp the rope (8) deflected around the deflection bollard (16).

6. Cable drum according to one of the preceding claims, in which the rope deflection element (15) comprises a rope clamping lock (21) that clamps automatically under rope pull, said rope clamping lock having a clamping block (23) fixed in the rope pull direction (27) as well as a deflection block (22) mounted movably in the rope pull direction (27), which can be displaced against the clamping block (23) under rope pull.

7. Cable drum according to the preceding claim, in which the clamping block (23) has a receiving pocket in which the deflection block (22) is arranged in a sliding manner and received at least in part.

8. Cable drum according to one of the two preceding claims, in which the deflection block (22) has rope contact surfaces arranged on opposite sides and the clamping block (23) comprises rope clamping contours (24) surrounding the deflection block (22), which are arranged opposite said rope contact surfaces of the deflection block (22), such that a slit-shaped rope passage is provided between the deflection block (22) and the clamping block (23) for the rope deflected around the deflection block (22).

9. Cable drum according to the preceding claim, in which the rope clamping contours (24) of the clamping block (23) and / or the rope contact surfaces of the deflection block (22) taper, in particular in a wedge-shaped and / or funnelshaped manner, in the rope pull direction (27), wherein the rope clamping contours (24) of the clamping block (23) and / or the rope contact surfaces of the deflection block (22) have a wedge angle in the range from 2 × 3° to 2 × 20°, preferably from 2 × 5° to 2 × 15°.

10. Cable drum according to one of the preceding claims, in which the clamping device (26) comprises clamping jaws (18) associated with the rope strands (11, 12), which have preload means (25u, 25o) separately associated with the rope strands (11, 12), which can be preloaded independently of one another, such that, by preloading the preload means (25o, 25u) associated with the different rope strands (11, 12) with different forces, different clamping forces can be set on the different rope strands (11, 12).

11. Cable drum according to one of the preceding claims, in which the rope end fastening device (9) is arranged on an outer side of one of the flanges (3).

12. Cable drum according to one of the preceding claims, in which the rope end fastening device (9), including the clamping device (26) and the rope deflection element (15), forms a pre-assembled unit which can be mounted as a unit on one of the flanges (3).

13. Fiber rope mechanism comprising a cable drum (1) designed according to one of the preceding claims, as well as a fiber rope (8) comprising plastic fibers.