BRACKET ANCHORS

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a console anchor of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] It is known to use bracket anchors for cladding building facades with facing brickwork or facing panels. The facing brickwork, for example, exposed brickwork, rests on a support element of the bracket anchor. Such a bracket anchor is known, for example, from DE 92 05 464 U1. The comparatively high weight of the facing brickwork or facing panel must be supported and transferred into the load-bearing wall via such bracket anchors.

[0003] For thermal insulation of buildings, it is common practice to place insulating material between the outer wall and the load-bearing wall. The cantilever of the bracket anchor protrudes through the insulating material, thus creating a thermal bridge.

[0004] Further bracket anchors designed to support a facing brickwork or cladding are known from DE 10 2016 100 739 A1 and EP 2 937 492 A1. The bracket anchor for fastening a brick wall from DE 10 2016 100 739 A1 has a plastic transition piece for thermal insulation between the anchor bolt and the bearing plate.

[0005] For example, DE 10 2007 021 431 A1 discloses the use of supports for fixing exterior cladding. These supports are located between the building structure and the exterior cladding. The exterior cladding serves to weatherproof the insulation material located between the cladding and the load-bearing wall. Such exterior cladding is typically designed as panels that are screwed directly to the supports. The weight to be transferred via the supports is relatively small, so the supports can be made of materials such as wood or plastic foam.

[0006] Such supports for fixing exterior cladding are also known from the publications DE 10 2007 021 431 A1, DE 10 2013 200 211 A1, EP 2 918 746 A2, EP 2 180 115 A1 and EP 2 857 609 A1. They show cantilever elements for connecting facade panels to a load-bearing wall. The cantilever elements are at least partially made of plastic.

[0007] German patent DE 20 2007 003 903 U1 discloses an anchoring system for cladding panels of buildings, in which numerous components of the anchoring system are named and at least one consists of a thermally poorly conductive material, for example, a polymer. In the exemplary embodiment, the design of the components wall-side sleeve washer, screw-head-side sleeve washer, and pressure plate or pressure strip made of a thermally poorly conductive material is disclosed.

[0008] The invention is based on the objective of creating a console anchor of the generic type which, with a simple design, results in low heat transfer between a facing wall and a load-bearing wall.

[0009] This problem is solved by a console anchor having the features of claim 1.

[0010] It has surprisingly been found that even with a bracket anchor for supporting a facing brickwork or cladding, a partial design using plastic is possible to reduce heat transfer. The bracket arm is designed to be made of plastic. Preferably, the support element and the bracket head are designed separately from the bracket arm. This allows the bracket arm to be made of a different material than the bracket head and / or the pressure element. Furthermore, it is possible to fix bracket heads and / or support elements of different designs to bracket arms of the same design. This allows for good adaptation to the specific installation situation with just a few different components.

[0011] The boom is made entirely of plastic, specifically a glass fiber reinforced plastic. This allows the required cross-section of the boom, and therefore the heat transfer, to be kept relatively low despite the comparatively high forces that must be transmitted via the boom.

[0012] To reduce heat transfer between the outer wall and the supporting structure, it is advantageous for the cantilever to have a continuous opening. This continuous opening is preferably located in the area between the load-bearing wall and the outer wall where the insulation material is also to be installed. The opening is advantageously bounded by a compression strut and a tension strut of the cantilever. It has been shown that the tension strut and the compression strut are essential for force transmission via a bracket anchor. Preferably, the compression strut runs approximately horizontally in its installed position and cantilevers perpendicular to the load-bearing wall. The tension strut advantageously runs at an angle to the horizontal and, in a particularly advantageous design, slopes down from the bracket head towards the support element. The cantilever thus has an approximately triangular shape. The opening area advantageously corresponds to at least 20%, and particularly at least 30%, of the total area of ​​the cantilever.Both the opening area and the total area are measured in a single view perpendicular to a cantilever edge of the boom. The total area is the area enclosed by the outer contour of the boom. A comparatively large opening area relative to the total area of ​​the boom significantly reduces heat transfer from the outer wall to the supporting structure.

[0013] According to the invention, the bracket anchor has a pressure element that serves to transfer pressure from the bracket anchor to the load-bearing wall. Advantageously, the pressure element is at least partially, and in particular entirely, made of plastic. This further reduces heat transfer from the bracket anchor to the load-bearing wall. In a preferred embodiment, the plastic is a glass fiber reinforced plastic. In the area of ​​the bracket head, additional elements are preferably provided for height adjustment, which are arranged between the bracket anchor and the load-bearing wall. This prevents the bracket anchor from resting directly against the load-bearing wall. By designing the pressure element from plastic, a low heat transfer from the load-bearing wall to the bracket anchor can be achieved at both the bracket anchor and the pressure element. Advantageously, the pressure element has a contact surface facing the load-bearing wall for contact with the load-bearing wall. The contact surface advantageously extends in a plane parallel to the load-bearing wall.The pressure element's bracket anchor is advantageously not screwed to the supporting wall, but merely rests flat against it with its contact surface. In a preferred design, the pressure element is formed in one piece and directly connected to the boom, i.e., without any intermediate components. The pressure element can, in particular, be glued to the boom. Preferably, the boom and pressure element are made of the same material, thus facilitating a simple adhesive bond.

[0014] The facing brickwork or cladding rests on the support element. Advantageously, the support element has a bearing plate or a bearing bracket to support the facing brickwork. A bearing bracket also allows the facing brickwork to be positioned perpendicular to the load-bearing wall. An angled section of the bearing bracket advantageously forms a stop for the facing brickwork elements. To support the facing brickwork or cladding from below, the support element has a bearing surface that extends horizontally when the bracket anchor is installed. The facing brickwork is advantageously placed on the bearing surface and not screwed to the bracket anchor.

[0015] A simple design for the bracket anchor results when the bracket head encompasses the cantilever. In a preferred embodiment, the cantilever encompasses the support element. Advantageously, the cantilever has a slot on its end face facing the support element, into which the support element projects. However, it is also possible for the support element to encompass the cantilever. Alternatively, the cantilever can have a slot on both the bracket head and the support element, into which the bracket head and the support element, respectively, engage. The cantilever is advantageously fastened to the bracket head and / or the support element by means of screw and / or rivet connections. Alternatively, adhesive connections can also be used. Other types of connection and fastening may also be advantageous.

[0016] The bracket anchor advantageously has a fastening element for attaching the bracket head to the load-bearing wall. In the installed position of the bracket anchor, the fastening element is preferably arranged at a vertical distance from the bearing element. In particular, the fastening element is positioned higher than the bearing element. This arrangement allows for the advantageous placement of a tension strut between the bracket head and the bearing element, which at least partially absorbs the weight of the facing wall or cladding. Advantageously, the bracket head is positioned at a vertical distance from the compression element in the installed position. The compression element and the bearing element can advantageously extend at approximately the same height in the installed position.

[0017] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 a schematic side view of a bracket anchor on a load-bearing wall with a schematically shown facing brickwork attached to it, Fig. 2 a schematic sectional view at the level of line II-II in Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 a schematic sectional view along line III-III in Fig. 1 , Fig. 4 a schematic representation of a console head of the console anchor, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 schematic side views of exemplary embodiments of support elements for the console anchor 1.

[0018] Fig. 1 shows a console anchor 1 in side view. In Fig. 1 The schematic also shows a load-bearing wall 6, to which the bracket anchor 1 is attached, and a facing brickwork or cladding 3. The bracket anchor 1 has a bracket 4, with which the bracket anchor 1 is attached to the load-bearing wall 2. For this purpose, a fastening element 14, in this embodiment a screw, is provided. The fastening element 14 is fixed in the load-bearing wall 2 and protrudes through the bracket head 4. The head of the fastening element 14 is supported on the bracket head 4 by a washer 18. A slotted plate 20 is provided for adjusting the position of the bracket head 4 in the vertical direction, which also Fig. 4 As shown. Fig. 4 As shown, the inclined perforated plate 20 has an elongated hole 28 and a rim 21. The rim 21 runs horizontally in the installed position and projects into recesses 19 on the side of the bracket head 4 facing the load-bearing wall 2. The elongated hole 28 runs obliquely to the rim 21, so that the vertical position of the bracket anchor 4 relative to the load-bearing wall 2 can be adjusted by laterally sliding the inclined perforated plate 20. Fig. 1 As shown, several recesses 19 are provided, allowing adjustment over a wide height range. Information regarding the horizontal or vertical direction or position refers consistently to the intended installation position of the bracket anchor 1.

[0019] A cantilever 5 is fixed to the console head 4. The cantilever 5 connects the console head 4 to a support element 6. The cantilever 5 extends in the space between the load-bearing wall 2 and the outer wall 3. The cantilever 5 is made at least partially of plastic. In the exemplary embodiment, the cantilever 5 is made entirely of plastic. Preferably, the plastic is a glass fiber reinforced plastic. The cantilever 5 has approximately the shape of a right-angled triangle with its acute angles truncated. One leg of the right-angled triangle is arranged vertically on the load-bearing wall 2, and the second leg is approximately horizontal and extends from the load-bearing wall 2 to the support element 6. The cantilever 5 has an opening 8 that extends through the entire cantilever 5 in a horizontal direction parallel to the load-bearing wall 2. Fig. 1 The total area G of the boom 5 and the opening area F of the opening 8 are shown schematically with dashed lines. For clarity, the dashed lines are shown within the respective contours of boom 5 and opening 8, respectively, whose areas are being considered. The opening area F of the opening 8 is advantageously at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, of the total area G of the boom 5.

[0020] The opening 8 separates a compression strut 9 and a tension strut 10. The compression strut 9 runs approximately horizontally along the lower edge of the opening 8 and connects the support element 6 to a compression element 7. The compression strut 9 forms the lower leg of the right-angled triangle. The compression element 7 has a contact surface 11 facing the load-bearing wall 2, with which the compression element 7 rests against the load-bearing wall 2. The cantilever 5 is supported against the load-bearing wall 2 via the compression element 7.

[0021] The tension strut 10 runs obliquely to the horizontal and extends from the support element 6 towards the cantilever head 4. The tension strut 10 primarily absorbs the tensile forces introduced into the support element 6 from the outer wall 3, while the compression strut 9 primarily transfers compressive forces applied by the outer wall 3 into the load-bearing wall 2 via the compression element 7. On the side facing the load-bearing wall 2, the compression strut 9 and the tension strut 10 are connected by a vertical strut 33, which runs parallel to and at a distance from the load-bearing wall 2. The vertical strut 33 forms the vertical leg of the right-angled triangle.

[0022] In the exemplary embodiment, the support element 6 comprises a support plate 24, on which a bearing surface 16 is formed. The support plate 24 is oriented approximately horizontally. The outer wall shell 3 rests on the bearing surface 16. In the installed position, the bearing surface 16 is the upper surface of the support plate 24. The support plate 24 is connected to the cantilever 5 via a mounting plate 25 of the support element 6. The mounting plate 25 is oriented vertically and, in the exemplary embodiment, is welded to the support plate 24.

[0023] As in Fig. 1 In a schematic representation, the fastening plate 25 projects between elements of the facing wall 3. The fastening plate 25 is arranged horizontally between the individual elements, for example, individual bricks of the facing wall 3. The support plate 24 projects between superimposed elements of the facing wall 3. Fastening elements for fixing the facing wall 3 to the support element 6, such as screws or the like, are advantageously not provided.

[0024] In Fig. 1 The dimensions of the bracket anchor 1 are also shown in detail. The outer wall shell 3 is arranged at a horizontal distance a from the load-bearing wall 2. The distance a is at least partially bridged by the cantilever 5. How Fig. 1 As shown, the cantilever 5 has a width e measured perpendicular to the supporting wall 2, which is advantageously at least 70%, and more preferably at least 80%, of the distance a. The support element 6 is positioned lower than the bracket head 4 in its installed position. The support element 6 and the fastening element 14 have a vertically measured distance b from each other, which is advantageously at least 60%, and more preferably at least 80%, of the width e. The fastening element 14 has a longitudinal center axis 17. The longitudinal center axis 17 has a vertically measured distance h from the support surface 16, which is advantageously greater than the width e. Advantageously, the distance h is at least 1.2 times, and more preferably at least 1.4 times, the width e. Fig. 1 As also shown, the pressure element 7 is positioned lower than the console head 4. The pressure element 7 has a vertical distance c from the console head 4, which is advantageously 0.7 to 1.3 times the width e. The pressure element 7 has a distance d from the longitudinal center axis 17, which is also measured vertically. The distance d is advantageously at least 0.8 times the width e. Advantageously, the vertical distance d is 0.9 to 1.5 times the width e.

[0025] In the exemplary embodiment, the support element 6 is connected to the boom 5 via rivets 22. How Fig. 2 As shown, the boom 5 cantilevers out in a cantilever plane 15. The cantilever plane 15 is the median plane of the boom 5 and, in its installed position, extends vertically and perpendicular to the supporting wall 2. On its end face 23 facing the support element 6, the boom 5 has a slot 13 extending vertically. In this embodiment, the slot 13 extends over the entire height of the support element 6. The slot 13 is bounded by two side sections 12 of the boom 5. The mounting plate 25 projects into the slot 13 between the side sections 12. This means the mounting plate 25 is enclosed by the boom 5. Fig. 2 A rivet 22 is also shown schematically. Instead of rivets 22, fastening screws or the like can also be provided to fix the support element 6 to the boom 5. Alternatively, the support element 6 can also be glued to the boom 5.

[0026] Fig. 2 Figure 5 also shows the extension of the boom 5 in the lateral direction of the supporting wall 2, i.e., perpendicular to the cantilever plane 15. The boom 5 has a thickness k, which is comparatively large. Advantageously, the thickness k is at least 10%, and in particular at least 15%, of the width e. The illustration in Fig. 2 It is not to scale, but merely schematic.

[0027] To fix the bracket head 4 to the boom 5, side plates 26 are fixed to the bracket head 4, in particular welded in place. The side plates 26 extend vertically from the bracket head 4 along the vertical strut 33 and encompass it on both sides, as Fig. 3 The side plates 26 are fixed to the boom 5 in the exemplary embodiment by means of rivets 27. In this embodiment, three rivets 27 and two rivets 22 are provided. Instead of rivets 27, other fasteners, such as screws, can also be provided. However, it is also possible for the bracket head 4 to be glued directly to the boom 5, either directly or via side plates 26 or other connecting components.

[0028] It is also possible for the boom 5 to have a slot for receiving a plate fixed to the console head 4. It is also possible for the support element 6 to have side plates that encompass the boom 5. Other types of fixing may also be advantageous.

[0029] The Fig. 5 und 6 Examples of support elements are shown in section 6. In the example shown in section 6. Fig. 5 The support element 6 has a support bracket 30, which is fixed to the mounting plate 25. In the exemplary embodiment, the support bracket 30 is welded to the mounting plate 25. The support bracket 30 has a raised leg 34, which is advantageously vertical and parallel to the supporting wall 2 and preferably serves as a stop for the facing wall 3. This simplifies the assembly and alignment of the facing wall 3 on the bracket anchor 1. The leg 34 can project into a slot in the mounting plate 25. Alternatively, the leg 34 can have a slot through which the mounting plate 25 projects. The mounting plate 25 has fastening openings 29 for attachment to the cantilever 5. Corresponding fastening openings are also advantageous in the Fig. 1 und 2 Mounting plate 25 shown is provided.

[0030] At the in Fig. 6In the illustrated embodiment, a support plate 24 is provided, which extends horizontally and forms the bearing surface 16. The support plate 24 is connected to the mounting plate 25 via a connecting plate 31. The mounting plate 25 has a lower edge 32, which, in the installed state, faces the floor and is at a distance i from the bearing surface 16. The distance i can be selected to suit the respective installation state.

[0031] Advantageously, several support elements are provided for a boom 5, which can be selectively fixed to the boom 5, thus allowing for easy adjustment to the installation situation. The support elements 6 are preferably made of metal, in particular steel. The bracket head 4 and the side plates 26 are also advantageously made of metal, in particular steel. Different shapes of bracket heads 4 can also be advantageously fixed to the boom 5.

[0032] The figures show different embodiments which can be combined in any combinations and sub-combinations to obtain further advantageous designs, as long as they fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A console anchor for connection to a supporting wall (2) and for supporting a facing shell or cladding (3) at a distance (a) from the supporting wall (2), wherein the console anchor (1) comprises a console head (4) for fastening the console anchor (1) to the supporting wall (2), a cantilever (5), a support element (6) for supporting the facing shell or cladding (3), and a compression element (7) for transmitting compressive force from the console anchor (1) to the supporting wall (2), wherein the support element (6) and the compression element (7) are fixed to the cantilever (5), wherein the support element (6) comprises a support surface (16) for supporting the facing shell or cladding (3) which extends in a horizontal direction in the installed position of the console anchor (1), wherein the cantilever (5) has a width (e) measured perpendicular to the supporting wall (2) in the installed position of the console anchor (1), and wherein the compression element (7) has a vertically measured distance (c) to the console head (4) in the installed position of the console anchor (1), characterized in that the distance (c) between the compression element (7) and the console head (4) is 0.7 to 1.3 times the width (e) of the cantilever (5), that the cantilever (5) is entirely made of plastic, and that side plates (26) are fixed to the console head (4) which embrace the cantilever (5).

2. The console anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic is a glass fiber-reinforced plastic.

3. The console anchor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cantilever (5) has a continuous opening (8).

4. The console anchor according to claim 3, characterized in that the opening (8) is bounded by a compression strut (9) and a tension strut (10) of the cantilever (5).

5. The console anchor according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, in a view perpendicular to a cantilever plane (15) of the cantilever (5), the cantilever (5) has a total area (G) enclosed by its outer contour, that the opening (8) has an opening area (F) in a view perpendicular to the cantilever plane (15), and that the opening area (F) corresponds to at least 20% of the total area (G).

6. The console anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the compression element (7) is at least partially, and in particular completely, made of plastic, the plastic being in particular a glass fiber-reinforced plastic.

7. The console anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the compression element (7) has a contact surface (11) facing the supporting wall (2) for bearing against the supporting wall (2), which extends in a plane parallel to the supporting wall (2).

8. The console anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the compression element (7) is of one-piece construction and is directly connected to the cantilever (5).

9. The console anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the support element (6) comprises a support plate (24) or a support angle (30) for supporting the facing shell or the cladding (3).

10. The console anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the cantilever (5) embraces the support element (6), wherein the cantilever (5) has, in particular at its end face (16) facing the support element (6), a slot (13) into which the support element (6) extends.

11. The console anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the console anchor (1) comprises a fastening element (14) for fastening the console head (4) to the supporting wall (2), and that the fastening element (14) is arranged in the installed position of the console anchor (1) at a vertical distance (b) from the support element (6).