Auxiliary frame for insertion into a window frame permanently connected to an exterior wall, rail vehicle with a window system

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a rail vehicle with a window system comprising a subframe, a method for replacing a window pane of a rail vehicle with a subframe, and a method for producing a rail vehicle according to the preamble of the independent claims.

[0002] It is well known that replacing damaged window panes in rail vehicles requires considerable maintenance work. The rail vehicle must be taken to the depot for replacement, as the window pane cannot be removed from the platform. This leads to long downtimes for the rail vehicle. Window systems that are easily removable often have parts that protrude from the vehicle's exterior wall due to their design, which negatively impacts the aerodynamic properties of the rail vehicle.

[0003] For example, DE 602004008411 T2 discloses an assembly method for installing flush glazing for high-speed rail vehicles. Panes are bonded to a subframe consisting of two horizontal profiles and two vertical profiles. A unit comprising the pane, a seal, and the subframe forms the window. The method comprises placing a first edge of the window in a groove located on a horizontal portion of the opening frame. The window is then tilted to bring the second edge of the window, opposite the first, closer to the horizontal portion of the opening frame. Finally, this second edge is fastened to the opening frame from the inside using conventional fasteners. Filler is applied between the upper side of the opening and the upper profile, sealing the joint.

[0004] A disadvantage of the existing window system is that the use of filler to seal the window results in an indetachable joint. When replacing the window, the filler must first be removed. When replacing multiple window panes, this leads to relatively long downtimes for the rail vehicle.

[0005] From US 2014 / 0290529 A1, for example, a window unit is known that can be easily installed in a rail vehicle, in particular in an express train. The window unit comprises a frame that is mounted between an interior panel and an exterior panel. The window unit further comprises a first rebate and a second rebate, as well as a seal in which the window is mounted. The seal is secured in the first rebate by means of a clamping frame, which is placed in the second rebate and is attached to the frame by a screw. The screw is thus located on the inside of the vehicle and is not accessible from outside the rail vehicle. Another seal is mounted between the clamping frame and the interior panel.

[0006] The disadvantage of the existing window system is that it doesn't create a flat exterior surface. The aerodynamic properties of the rail vehicle are thus negatively impacted by the window system. Furthermore, replacing the window pane requires loosening the screw inside the vehicle. Replacing the window pane from the platform alone is therefore not possible.

[0007] For example, EP 0 895 890 A1 discloses a window system for a rail vehicle. The window system comprises a first seal in which a glass pane is secured. The first seal may include a metal reinforcement. The window pane is, for example, glued into the seal. The first seal is fastened to a projection of the vehicle body by a bolt from outside the rail vehicle. The bolt is secured to a counterpart mounted inside the vehicle. Another seal is mounted between the first seal and the vehicle body. The hole for inserting the bolt into the seal can be covered by a cover from outside the rail vehicle. Another rail vehicle with a window system is known from document EP 0 515 953 A1.

[0008] The disadvantage of the existing window system is that it does not form a flat outer wall consisting of the vehicle body and the window pane. The aerodynamic properties of the rail vehicle are therefore negatively affected by the window system.

[0009] The object of the present invention is to create a rail vehicle with a window system in which the window pane can be replaced easily, in particular directly from the platform. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a window system that does not negatively affect the aerodynamic properties of the rail vehicle.

[0010] The object is achieved by a rail vehicle with a window system, a method for replacing a window pane of a rail vehicle, and by a method for producing a rail vehicle according to the independent claims.

[0011] According to the invention, the window system comprises a window frame in an opening of an outer wall of the rail vehicle, wherein the window frame is permanently connected to the outer wall of the rail vehicle, and an auxiliary frame, wherein the auxiliary frame comprises at least two, preferably four, legs for insertion into the window frame of the rail vehicle, which is permanently connected to an outer wall. A window pane is attached to these legs. According to the invention, the auxiliary frame further has at least one detachable fastening means per leg for fastening the auxiliary frame to the window frame. The auxiliary frame can be fastened in the window frame in such a way that a flat outer wall surface is created. Thus, the auxiliary frame, including the window pane, can be easily detached from the window frame by loosening the fastening means. A new auxiliary frame, including a new window pane, can simply be inserted into the window frame and fastened to it.There is no longer any need for the time-consuming removal of the window pane from the frame or the removal of filler or other connecting elements that are difficult to remove.

[0012] The attachment point of the fasteners is recessed from the outer surface of the window pane, creating a flat exterior wall surface when installed. For example, a screw's attachment point would be the edges of the screw hole. To achieve a flat exterior wall surface, these screw holes would therefore have to be recessed, and at least the screws would have to be countersunk.

[0013] For the purposes of this application, "non-detachable" means that the connection is not indestructible or cannot be removed without significant effort. A detachable connection is one that can be easily removed without destruction or with the appropriate tool. A detachable connection can be removed or tightened several times without significantly changing the element to be connected or the connecting element.

[0014] For the purposes of this application, a "leg" is understood to mean a straight profile to which a window pane can be attached. A flat exterior wall surface, for the purposes of this application, means a substantially flat exterior wall surface. Of course, there will still be joints between the individual components, but these do not significantly affect the aerodynamics.

[0015] In one embodiment, the window pane is glued to the legs.

[0016] Gluing the window pane to the window frame is a simple and therefore cost-effective way of attaching the window pane to the frames.

[0017] At least one of the legs of the subframe is designed as a Z-profile. The Z-profile consists of a first profile wall, a second profile wall running perpendicular to the first profile wall, and a third profile wall running perpendicular to the second profile wall.

[0018] The perpendicular profile walls allow for easy installation of the window pane in the Z-profile. This allows for the use of simple fasteners, particularly adhesive, to connect the window pane to the 2-profile.

[0019] "Perpendicular" essentially means perpendicular. The profiles can also be arranged at an angle other than 90° to each other, in which case the window pane must preferably also have a corresponding shape. The arrangement of the legs is chosen so that the window pane can be easily inserted into the legs.

[0020] In one embodiment, all legs, in particular four legs of the subframe, are designed as Z-profiles.

[0021] The window pane is thus surrounded by the Z-profile all around. This ensures that the window pane is particularly well-attached, meaning it can be securely and firmly mounted in the subframe.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the window pane is at least partially attached to two profile walls. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the window pane is at least partially attached to three profile walls of the Z-profile.

[0023] This creates a secure connection between the window pane and the Z-profile. If the window pane is connected to two profile walls of the Z-profile, the third profile wall of the Z-profile remains untouched by the window pane. This profile wall can be used to form the exterior wall surface. If the window pane is connected to all three profile walls of the 2-profile, a third connection surface is created, to which adhesive can be applied, for example. This additional, third connection level allows the window pane to be connected even more firmly to the Z-profile.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the subframe comprises a fastening profile. The fastening profile comprises a receptacle for the detachable fastening means and / or the fastening means.

[0025] In one embodiment, the subframe and the fastening profile are made in one piece.

[0026] In one embodiment, the fastening means are captively mounted in the receptacle of the fastening profile.

[0027] Fasteners include, for example, screws, pins, rivets, clamping elements and the like.

[0028] The modular design of the subframe, consisting of a 2-profile and a mounting profile, allows for easy production. The Z-profile and the mounting profile can be manufactured independently and then combined to form a subframe.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the fastening profile is firmly connected to the remaining subframe. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the fastening profile is firmly glued to the remaining subframe.

[0030] The fixed connection between the Z-profile and the fastening profile allows the formation of a subframe which consists of two pieces, but can be handled as a quasi one-piece subframe.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the subframe is surrounded by a seal all around. Preferably, the subframe is surrounded by a flat seal all around. The seal is captively attached to the subframe.

[0032] The subframe thus forms a single unit that can be inserted and installed directly into the window frame without the need for additional components. The connection between the subframe and the window frame is sealed by the seal provided on the subframe. This simplifies the installation of the subframe in the window frame of the rail vehicle and reduces the downtime of the rail vehicle required to replace the window pane.

[0033] The solution to this problem is a rail vehicle with a window system. The window system comprises a window frame in an opening in an outer wall of the rail vehicle. The window frame is permanently connected to the outer wall. Preferably, the window frame is glued to the outer wall. The window system further comprises a subframe, as previously described. According to the invention, the subframe can be connected to the window frame in such a way that a flat outer wall surface is created.

[0034] Such a rail vehicle allows for easy replacement of the subframe, including the window pane. Furthermore, the aerodynamic properties of the rail vehicle are not negatively affected by the window system, as it forms a flat outer surface together with the outer wall.

[0035] For the purposes of this application, a flat exterior wall surface is to be understood as a substantially flat exterior wall surface. Such an exterior wall surface is free of any protruding objects. It forms a flat surface and thus offers very little aerodynamic resistance to the wind. Of course, joints remain between the individual components.

[0036] The window frame of the rail vehicle forms an opening. The opening is designed such that the subframe can be inserted into the opening. The window frame is designed such that the subframe can be mounted on the window frame. For this purpose, fastening means receptacles are preferably provided in the window frame, which are designed to complement the fastening means on the subframe. Alternatively, the fastening means can be provided on the window frame and the complementary receptacles on the subframe. In the mounted state, an outer surface of the window pane lies flush with the outside of the outer wall of the rail vehicle.

[0037] The advantage is that the subframe can be inserted into the window frame and mounted to it. This allows the subframe, including the window pane, to be easily inserted into the rail vehicle and mounted to it. Despite the simple installation of the subframe in the window frame of the rail vehicle, there are no disadvantages to the aerodynamic properties of the rail vehicle. This creates an easily installed window system that also exhibits the aerodynamic properties desired in the construction of high-speed rail vehicles.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the window frame comprises a fine adjustment unit for fine adjustment of the position in which the window frame is attached to the outer wall.

[0039] It is advantageous that, despite any manufacturing tolerances of the window frame and / or the outer wall, the window frame can be finely adjusted to position it in the outer wall in such a way that a flat outer wall surface is created.

[0040] In one embodiment, the fine adjustment unit comprises a tensioning device and a screw for adjusting the tensioning device. The tensioning device exerts pressure on elastic elements mounted between the window frame and the exterior wall. The pressure can be adjusted using the screw. Depending on the pressure, a corresponding deformation of the elastic elements occurs, allowing the position of the window frame relative to the exterior wall to be finely adjusted.

[0041] In one embodiment, the fine adjustment is designed so that the adjustment must be performed after the adhesive has been applied and before it dries to create a bond between the window frame and the exterior wall. As long as the adhesive has not yet dried, the position of the window frame relative to the exterior wall can be adjusted using the fine adjustment unit. Once the adhesive has dried, the position can no longer be changed. The fine adjustment unit thus loses its function once the adhesive has dried. Adjustment is no longer possible once the window frame is installed.

[0042] According to the invention, a joint is created between the subframe and the window frame when the subframe is assembled. Another profile, in particular a rubber profile, is inserted into the joint.

[0043] This additional profile completes the exterior wall flush.

[0044] The wider profile allows a gap, which may be necessary for mounting the subframe in the window frame, to be sealed flush after installation. This ensures that the window system is both easy to install and aerodynamically advantageous.

[0045] In one embodiment, the additional profile is designed as a single profile that surrounds the entire subframe. In another embodiment, the additional profile that surrounds the entire subframe is divided into several subprofiles.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the further profile contains a bore. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the further profile contains a drainage bore.

[0047] This allows the additional profile to be easily removed from the rail vehicle's joint. To do this, a tool is inserted into the hole and the additional profile is lifted out of the joint. In addition to its primary function, such as drainage, the hole also serves another purpose: allowing the additional profile to be easily removed from the rail vehicle's joint.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the window frame of the rail vehicle has a first rebate and a second rebate. The subframe rests on the second rebate when assembled.

[0049] The first and second rebates allow for easy installation of the subframe in the window frame. The second rebate provides a support surface for the subframe to rest on when installed.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the subframe can be attached to a vertical side of the first fold by means of fastening means. The additional profile rests on a horizontal side of the first fold when installed.

[0051] It has proven advantageous that the subframe not only rests on the second rebate, but can also be attached to a vertical side of the first rebate. This means that the subframe can be firmly connected to the window frame. The subframe and the rebate are designed in such a way that the additional profile can be inserted into the resulting gap after the subframe has been mounted on the window frame. The additional profile thus lies on the vertical wall of the first rebate and fills the gap created between the first rebate and the subframe. If the additional profile is designed accordingly, a flat outer wall surface is created, which is formed by the rail vehicle outer wall, the additional profile, and the window pane of the subframe. Such a flat outer wall surface offers particularly advantageous aerodynamic properties.The rail vehicle thus has a window system that is easy to install or remove, which also allows the formation of an outer rail vehicle wall with advantageous aerodynamic properties.

[0052] According to the invention, the fastening means are positioned and arranged in the joint in such a way that they can be attached or detached from the vehicle exterior before the additional profile is attached or after it has been removed. The fastening means are arranged in such a way that they are covered by the additional profile after it has been attached.

[0053] This allows the fasteners to be attached or removed from outside the rail vehicle. The subframe can then be attached or removed from the window frame. This allows the subframe, including the window pane, to be replaced from outside the rail vehicle. The replacement can then be carried out from the platform, for example, without the rail vehicle having to be moved to a special location. This reduces the downtime required to replace the window panes. In particular, the time-consuming, technically demanding manual work otherwise required when replacing window panes, such as applying filler or sealing compound, is no longer necessary. The window pane, i.e. the subframe, can be replaced by loosening easily accessible fasteners.This can also be performed by untrained personnel. The personnel replacing the window panes therefore do not require any special technical training. By covering the fastening elements with an additional profile after replacing the subframe, it is possible to achieve a flat outer wall surface of the rail vehicle once installed. This, in particular, reduces the rail vehicle's driving resistance.

[0054] The window frame is mounted in the outer wall such that it does not protrude beyond the outer wall on the outside of the rail vehicle. On the inside of the rail vehicle, the window frame can protrude beyond the outer wall. Likewise, the subframe can be mounted in the window frame such that it does not protrude beyond the window frame and thus not beyond the outer wall on the outside of the rail vehicle. When installed, the subframe can protrude beyond the outer wall and / or the window frame on the inside of the rail vehicle. Therefore, the cross-sectional thickness of the subframe is preferably smaller than the cross-sectional thickness of the window frame.

[0055] The window frame is preferably designed such that it forms a continuously flush finish with the outer wall on the outside of the rail vehicle. The subframe is designed according to the invention such that, in the assembled state, it forms at least partially a flush finish with the window frame, i.e. also with the outer wall on the outside of the rail vehicle, wherein the end of the subframe is otherwise set back from the outer wall towards the interior of the vehicle. Thus, a flat outer wall surface is formed in the areas in which the subframe, the window frame, and the outer wall are flush. Joints are created in the areas in which the subframe is set back from the outer wall surface of the outside of the rail vehicle in the assembled state.These can be filled by attaching one or more additional profiles to create a continuous, flat outer wall surface on the outside of the rail vehicle. Such a flat outer wall surface exhibits low flow resistance.

[0056] Preferably, the windshield can be replaced without dismantling interior trim components, such as an interior trim frame. Adjustments to the interior trim made during initial installation thus do not need to be made when replacing the windshield—that is, when installing the replacement windshield.

[0057] The advantage is that the window pane can be replaced without complex adjustment work, thus further reducing the downtime of the rail vehicle when replacing the window pane.

[0058] The problem is also solved by a method for replacing a window pane of a rail vehicle as described above. The method comprises the following steps: Removing fasteners. The fasteners are preferably removed after another profile, in particular a rubber profile, has been removed from the window system. Replacing the subframe with a new subframe. Fixing fasteners for attaching the new subframe to the window frame. According to the invention, the fasteners are then covered by the additional profile.

[0059] A more advantageous feature of this method is that the window pane can be replaced simply by replacing a subframe containing the window pane. Instead of the complex, technically demanding replacement work required to replace a window pane, only simple replacement work, which can be performed by untrained personnel, is required—i.e., removing and reattaching fasteners. This method can reduce the downtime required to replace window panes on a rail vehicle. The rail vehicle can thus be back in service more quickly.

[0060] The problem is also solved by a method for manufacturing a rail vehicle comprising a subframe as described above. The method comprises the following steps: Attaching a window frame in an opening in an outer wall of the rail vehicle. The window frame is preferably glued into the opening in the outer wall of the rail vehicle. Producing an auxiliary frame as follows: * Providing a window pane, 1 * Providing at least two legs that form the auxiliary frame, * Attaching, in particular by gluing, the window pane to the at least two legs, * Providing detachable fastening means for fastening the auxiliary frame to the window frame, with at least one fastening means being provided for each leg, the fastening means being arranged such that a flat outer wall surface is created in the assembled state. Inserting the auxiliary frame into the window frame.Fastening the subframe in the window frame by attaching fasteners from the outside of the vehicle and attaching an additional profile, in particular a rubber profile, between the window frame and the subframe.

[0061] A rail vehicle manufactured using this process has the advantage that the window panes are particularly easy to replace. The window panes can be replaced by simply replacing the subframe. The subframe is detachably attached to the window frame of the rail vehicle using fasteners. This means that the subframe can be detached from the rail vehicle by simply loosening the fasteners. A new subframe with a new window pane can then be inserted into the window frame and connected to the window frame by simply attaching fasteners. Complex, technically demanding work is no longer necessary to replace the window pane. The downtime of a rail vehicle manufactured using this process due to replacing window panes is thus reduced.

[0062] The addition of an additional profile makes it possible to provide a flat rail vehicle outer wall surface despite a gap caused by the subframe. Such an outer wall surface offers advantageous aerodynamic properties. This is particularly advantageous for high-speed trains.

[0063] The invention is further explained below with reference to exemplary embodiments in figures. Herein: Figure 1: A vertical sectional view of a first embodiment of a window system through the lower, horizontal leg of the window system. Figure 2: A horizontal sectional view of the first embodiment of the window system through a vertical leg of the window system. Figure 3: A vertical sectional view of the first embodiment of the window system through an upper, horizontal leg of the window system. Figure 1 shows an outer wall 2 of a rail vehicle 4. On the right side of the outer wall 2 is the interior of the rail vehicle. On the left side of the outer wall 2 is the exterior of the rail vehicle. A window system 13 is located in an opening 15 of the outer wall 4. The window system 13 comprises a window frame 3 and a subframe 1 (window package). The window frame 3 is attached to the outer wall 2 by adhesives 25. The window frame 3 has a first fold 16 and a second fold 17. The subframe 1 is attached in the first and second folds 16, 17. The subframe 1 includes four legs 5 (not shown) arranged at right angles to one another. The subframe 1 is connected by removable screws 7. (not visible) connected to the window frame 3. The subframe 1 can be attached to or detached from the window frame 3 using screws 7. If the subframe 1 is mounted in the window frame 3 of the rail vehicle 4, a flat outer wall surface 14 is created by attaching a rubber profile 12. The thickness of the subframe 1 is smaller than the thickness of the window frame 3.

[0064] The window frame 3 further comprises a fine adjustment unit 26. The fine adjustment unit 26 enables the position of the window frame 3 within the outer wall 2 of the rail vehicle to be adjusted. Thus, the position of the window frame 3 can be adjusted such that it forms a flat surface with the outer side of the outer wall 2.

[0065] The auxiliary frame 1 consists of a Z-profile 8 and a fastening profile 10. The Z-profile 8 and the fastening profile 10 are made in one piece in the embodiment shown. The auxiliary frame 1 further comprises a window pane 6, which is attached to the Z-profile 8 of the auxiliary frame 1 by adhesives 25. The Z-profile 8 has a first profile wall 9a, a second profile wall 9b running perpendicular to the first profile wall 9a, and a third profile wall 9c running perpendicular to the second profile wall 9b. The window pane 6 is glued to the profile walls 9a, c. The first profile wall 9a and the second profile wall 9b partially surround the fastening profile 10. The two profile walls 9a, 9b are in turn surrounded by the window pane 6. The window pane 6 has a rebate for this purpose. The second profile wall 9b and the third profile wall 9c of the Z-profile 8 surround another edge of the window pane 6.

[0066] This creates a subframe 1 that encompasses the window pane 6 and the Z-profile 8, which in the illustrated embodiment is formed integrally with the fastening profile 10. The aforementioned parts thus form a structural unit (window package). This structural unit of the subframe 1 also includes two seals 20. The seals 20 are designed as O-ring seals and are attached to the fastening profile 10. They are attached in such a way that the seals 20 cannot be lost. The subframe 1 (window package) can thus be inserted as a structural unit directly into the window frame 3 of the rail vehicle and mounted thereon.

[0067] For this purpose, the subframe 1, or rather the fastening profile 10, has a receptacle 11 for the screws 7. This receptacle 11 runs vertically, so that when installed, it rests on a vertical wall of the first rebate above a thread (not shown) in the window frame 3. The fastening profile 10 can thus be attached to the vertical section of the first rebate 16 by attaching screws 7.

[0068] A mushroom-shaped protrusion 22 is present on the fastening profile 10. The receptacle 11 is located in a recess in this protrusion 22. The recess is designed to accommodate the screw 7 and its screw head.

[0069] When the subframe 1 is inserted into the window frame 3 of the rail vehicle 4, a gap 18 is created between the subframe 1 and the window frame 3. The gap 18 can be sealed flush with the rest of the rail vehicle's exterior wall 2 using the rubber profile 12. For this purpose, the rubber profile 12 is placed on the mushroom-shaped protrusion 22 and thus fixed in the gap 18. This allows the screw heads to be covered by the rubber profile 12, filling the gap 18. When installed, this creates a flat exterior wall surface 14.

[0070] To allow removal of the rubber profile 12 for replacing the subframe 1, it has a drainage hole 19. The rubber profile 12 can be removed from the joint 18 via the drainage hole 19 using a conventional tool, such as a screwdriver. This makes the screws 7 accessible and allows them to be loosened to replace the subframe 1.

[0071] In Figure 2A further, vertically extending leg 5 of the Z-profile 8 can be seen. The resulting leg 5 of the auxiliary frame 1 is connected to the corresponding vertical leg of the window frame 3 by further screws 7 (not shown). The rubber profile 12 also runs in the joint 18, which forms between the window frame 3 and the auxiliary frame 1. Parts which are already in a corresponding form in Figure 1 labeled and described in the corresponding paragraphs are listed in Fig. 2 , except for a few parts that are relabeled for ease of reference. The description of the parts already mentioned is not repeated; reference is made to the previous description.

[0072] In Figure 3 is the upper, horizontal part of the subframe 1, or the window frame 3, which is parallel to the Figure 1Parts that are already shown in the corresponding form in Figure 1 or 2 labeled and described in the corresponding paragraphs are listed in Fig. 3 , except for a few parts that are relabeled for ease of reference. The description of the parts already mentioned is not repeated; reference is made to the previous description.

[0073] In Figure 1 to 3 Thus, cross sections through three different legs 5 of the window system 3 are shown. In the Figure 1 to 3In the first embodiment of the invention shown, the subframe 1 and the window frame 3 surround the entire rectangular opening 15 in the outer wall 2 of the rail vehicle 4. In this embodiment, the subframe 1 has four legs in the form of a Z-profile 8, which are connected to each other at right angles. The rubber profile 12 also surrounds the entire opening and is designed as a single piece.

Claims

1. Rail vehicle (4) comprising a window system (13), the window system (13) comprising - a window frame (3) in an opening (15) of an outer wall (2) of the rail vehicle (4), the window frame (3) being non-detachably connected to the outer wall (2), in particular being connected to the outer wall by bonded joints (25), - a subframe (1), the subframe (1) having at least two brackets (5), a window pane (6) being attached to the brackets (5), in particular being glued to them, the subframe (1) further having at least one releasable fastener (7) for each bracket (5) for fastening the subframe (1) to the window frame (3), wherein at least one of the brackets (5) of the subframe (1) is designed as a Z-profile (8), in particular all of the brackets (5) of the subframe (1) are designed as Z-profiles (8), the Z-profile consisting of a first profile wall (9a), a second profile wall (9b) running perpendicular to the first profile wall (9a) and a third profile wall (9c) running perpendicular to the second profile wall (9b), - wherein, in the assembled state of the subframe (1), a joint (18) is formed between the subframe (1) and the window frame (3), wherein a further profile (12), in particular a rubber profile, is introduced into the joint (18) and this seals the outer wall (2) in a flush manner - wherein the fasteners (7), which are in particular screws, are placed in the joint (18) and arranged in such a way that they can be fastened or released from the outside of the vehicle before the further profile (12) has been attached and are covered by the further profile (12) after it has been attached - wherein the subframe (1) can be connected to the window frame (3) in such a way that a flat outer wall surface (14) is created.

2. Rail vehicle (4) according to claim 1, wherein the window pane (6) is attached to at least two, preferably three profile walls (9) of the Z-profile (8).

3. Rail vehicle (4) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a fastening profile (10), the fastening profile (10) comprising a receiver (11) for the releasable fasteners (7) .

4. Rail vehicle (4) according to claim 3, wherein the fastening profile (10) is firmly connected to the rest of the subframe (1), in particular glued or in particular designed as a single piece.

5. Rail vehicle (4) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the subframe (1) is surrounded by a seal (20), in particular a gasket or in particular an O-ring seal, wherein the seal (20) is attached to the subframe (1) in a non-detachable manner.

6. Rail vehicle (4) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the window frame (3) forms an opening which is designed such that the subframe (1) can be inserted into the opening, wherein the window frame (3) is designed such that the subframe (1) can be mounted on the window frame (3), with an outer surface of the window pane (6) being positioned in the mounted state in such a way that it lies flat against the outer side of the outer wall (2) of the rail vehicle (4).

7. Rail vehicle (4) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a fine adjustment unit (26) is comprised on the window frame (3) for the purpose of fine adjustment of the position in which the window frame (3) comes to rest in the outer wall (2) in the assembled state.

8. Rail vehicle (4) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the further profile (12) contains a hole (19), in particular a drainage hole.

9. Rail vehicle (4) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the window frame (3) has a first fold (16) and a second fold (17), wherein the subframe (1) rests on the second fold (17) in the assembled state.

10. A rail vehicle (4) according to claim 9, wherein the subframe (1) can be attached by the fasteners (7) to a vertical side of the first fold (16), with the other profile (12) resting on a horizontal side of the first fold (16) in the assembled state.

11. Method for replacing a window pane (6) in a rail vehicle (4) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the method comprises the following steps: - Loosening of fasteners (7), in particular after another profile (12), in particular a rubber profile, has been removed from the window system (13), - Replacing the subframe (1) with a new subframe (1), - Fixing the fasteners (7) for attaching the new subframe (1) to the window frame (3) and then covering the fasteners (7) with the additional profile (12).

12. Method for manufacturing a rail vehicle (4) according to one of claims 1 to 10, comprising a subframe (1), wherein the method comprises the following steps: - Attaching, in particular by means of bonded joints (25), a window frame (3) in an opening in an outer wall (2) of the rail vehicle (4), - Manufacturing a subframe (1) comprising the following steps: - Providing a window pane (6), - Providing at least two brackets (5) that form the subframe (1) - Attaching, in particular by means of bonded joints (25), the window pane (6) to the at least two brackets (5), - Providing releasable fasteners (7) for fastening the subframe (1) to the window frame (3), with at least one fastener (7) being provided for each bracket (5), with the fasteners (7) being arranged in such a way that a flat outer wall surface (14) is created in the assembled state, - Inserting the subframe (1) into the window frame (3), - Attaching the subframe (1) in the window frame (3) by attaching detachable fasteners (7) from the outside of the vehicle and attaching a further profile (12), in particular a rubber profile, between the window frame (3) and the subframe (1).

13. Method according to claim 12, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: - preferably providing a fastening profile (10) that is part of the subframe (1), - Preferably attaching the fastening profile (10), in particular gluing it, to the subframe (1), - Attaching the fasteners (7) to the subframe (1), in particular to the fastening profile (10) of the subframe.