STATOR FOR AN ELECTRIC MACHINE, AN ELECTRIC MACHINE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH A STATOR

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a stator for an electrical machine, as well as to an electrical machine and to a method for producing such a stator according to the preamble of the independent claims. State of the art

[0002] DE 10 2012 224 153 A1 discloses a stator for an electrical machine in which an insulating lamination and a wiring plate are arranged axially on a lamination stack. The stator is wound, for example, using needle winding, with the individual partial coils being connected to one another by connecting wires on the outer circumference of the wiring plate. The entire winding is wound in one piece using a single winding wire. Since the connecting wires between the individual coils are arranged axially one above the other, the axial height of the stator is relatively large. In addition, the effort required to weld the wiring plate to the connecting wires is very complex. The solution according to the invention is intended to eliminate these disadvantages. Other stators are known from EP3007330 A2, DE102015200095 A1, US2009 / 121566 A1, WO2012 / 056714 A1, US2016 / 036278 A1 and EP1677404 A2. Disclosure of the invention Advantages of the invention

[0003] The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention with the features of independent claims 1 and 13 have the advantage that, due to the formation of receiving pockets on the insulating lamella, the insulation displacement connections of the wiring board can be inserted directly into these receptacles in order to contact the winding wire. This advantageously allows the individual coils to be wound one after the other without interruption using a single winding wire and then electrically interconnected by means of the wiring board according to a desired wiring configuration. If the winding wire is passed directly through the receiving pocket on the way to the next coil after winding each individual coil, an interface to the wiring board is created without any additional effort during winding, which interface provides a wide range of wiring configurations.When the insulation displacement elements are inserted into the receiving pockets, electrical contact is established between the coils without the need for any further material-to-material connection processes.

[0004] The measures listed in the dependent claims enable advantageous further developments and improvements of the embodiments specified in the independent claims. It is particularly advantageous if each individual coil is assigned precisely one receiving pocket, with an additional receiving pocket being provided for the wire start before winding begins. The receiving pockets for the wire start and the wire end are preferably arranged directly adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction. For a stator with, for example, twelve stator teeth, 13 receiving pockets are formed on the insulating lamination. The receiving pockets extend further in the circumferential direction than in the radial direction.The winding wire from a first coil is guided radially through the receiving pocket to the radial outer side of the stator and then guided radially inward again into a circumferentially adjacent recess to the next stator tooth. This connects two adjacent coils to each other via the connecting section of the winding wire on the radial outer side of the insulating lamination, using the shortest possible route.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, one stator tooth after the other is wound in the circumferential direction in immediate succession. The coils are manufactured particularly advantageously using needle winding, with exactly one coil wound on each stator tooth. Due to the winding sequence of immediately adjacent stator teeth, the connecting sections of the winding wire only extend over the circumferential angle of the stator slots. This prevents the connecting sections between different coils from being arranged axially one above the other, thus saving axial installation space.

[0006] To optimize the needle winding process, the recesses through which the connecting wire is guided to the next stator tooth are designed to be wide enough for the winding needle to pass radially through this recess without having to be lifted axially above the insulating lamination. This allows the winding wire to be deposited directly on the side wall of the recess using the winding needle, positioning it more precisely and simultaneously speeding up the winding process by eliminating the vertical movement of the winding needle when inserting it into the recess.

[0007] However, when inserting the winding wire into the receiving pocket, the winding needle must be axially lifted above the receiving pocket because the receiving pocket has a relatively narrow gap that acts as a radial opening in which the winding wire is to be clamped. As a result, the winding needle is first raised axially above the receiving pocket during the radial movement beyond the outer circumference of the stator and then lowered axially again radially outside the receiving pocket. To do this, for example, after winding the stator tooth, the winding needle is tilted by an angle of approximately 90° in particular in order to apply the winding wire to the radial outer surface of the insulating lamination up to the next recess in the circumferential direction. The receiving pocket has two radial walls between which the insulation displacement element is axially inserted.The axial slot is formed in both radial walls, which preferably tapers axially downwards so that the winding wire is reliably clamped at the axial base of the axial slot.

[0008] The slots in the receiving pocket and the wider cutout both act as radial guide elements for the connecting wire between two coils. The outer side of the receiving pocket is extended circumferentially up to the cutout, so that this forms the circumferential guide. The circumferentially extended radial outer wall at the cutout merges radially into the side wall of the cutout, so that the connecting wire rests firmly on both the radial outer side and the side wall of the cutout. By winding the next coil around the next stator tooth, tensile stress is maintained in the area of the connecting wire, preventing vibration and thus damage to the connecting wire sections.

[0009] Such a winding process is particularly suitable for a so-called interleaved stator, in which the stator teeth are not arranged axially parallel to the stator axis, but rather run circumferentially at an angle to the stator axis. Such an interleaved stator is realized, for example, using laminations stacked on top of each other, each slightly twisted relative to the circumferential direction. The individual laminations together form the stator core, which has a circumferentially closed magnetic return ring, to which the stator teeth are radially connected.

[0010] The beginning and end of the winding wire are particularly advantageously fixed to the radial outer side of the guide elements in such a way that they do not come into contact with the inner surface of the motor housing after being inserted into the motor housing. For this purpose, for example, locking elements are formed on the radial outer side of the guide elements, into which the ends of the wire are pressed. For example, on the insulating lamination, in terms of the axial direction, there is one locking element on one side and two locking elements axially opposite each other, between which the winding wire is inserted. The locking element on one side is arranged in the circumferential direction exactly between the two other locking elements on the other axial side, so that the winding wire is clamped at the two transitions in the circumferential direction between the individual locking elements.At least one locking element extends further outwards in the radial direction than the clamped winding wire, whereby the winding wire is arranged radially spaced from the inner wall of the motor housing and is thus insulated.

[0011] In an alternative design, axially extending grooves are formed on the insulating lamination, into which the ends of the winding wire are pressed. The grooves are radially deeper than the diameter of the winding wire, so that after the winding wire is pressed in, it does not exceed the radial circumference of the insulating lamination. Either the wire ends are clamped into the axial gap and are thus reliably spaced from the inside of the motor housing. However, it is also possible for axial tabs of the interconnection plate to engage radially outside the wire ends in the axial grooves to form an insulating layer against the inner wall of the motor housing.

[0012] To interconnect the individual coils, an interconnection plate is pressed axially onto the insulating lamination. Ring-shaped conductor strips are arranged in the interconnection plate, preferably formed as bent stampings in one piece with molded-on insulation displacement elements. The insulation displacement elements extend axially beyond the conductor strips and are each pressed axially into the receiving pockets, in which the winding wire is arranged radially. When the insulation displacement elements are axially inserted, the fork contact of the insulation displacement terminal engages the winding wire in the receiving pocket and cuts into the winding wire to establish electrical contact. According to the invention, electrical phase terminals are molded onto the individual conductor strips, via which electrical current is supplied to the individual phases formed by the individual conductor strips.The annular conductor strips are arranged radially next to one another and insulated from one another in the interconnection plate. According to the invention, the conductor strips are inserted into annular channels that are axially open downwards. The cross-section of the conductor strips has a greater extension in the axial direction than in the radial direction. To ensure that the interconnection plate, and thus the insulation displacement elements, are positioned precisely relative to the receiving pockets, centering pins that extend in the axial direction are formed on the insulating lamination. Accordingly, centering openings are formed in the axial direction on the interconnection plate, into which the centering pins engage axially. After centering and axial joining of the interconnection plate, the centering pins completely penetrate the centering receptacles designed as through-openings. Therefore, the free ends of the centering pins can be plastically deformed after joining the interconnection plate to create a positive connection.This ensures that the interconnection plate is reliably axially fixed to the stator base body. Plastic forming can be carried out particularly easily by hot stamping the plastic centering pins.

[0013] Such a stator is particularly suitable for an electric machine in which the stator is inserted axially into a motor housing. Bearing caps, which accommodate the rotor, are arranged on both sides of the stator on the motor housing. The electric machine is designed, for example, as an internal rotor, so that the rotor can rotate within the inner cavity of the stator. The interconnection plate is preferably connected to control electronics that regulate the electrical commutation of the stator. Such an EC motor can be used particularly advantageously for adjusting moving parts or as a rotary drive for components in motor vehicles.

[0014] The needle winding method according to the invention can reduce the winding time per stator. A separately manufactured component—in particular a plastic injection-molded part—is preferably pressed axially onto the end face of the stator body as the insulating lamination. After a wire lead is attached to the insulating lamination, all stator teeth are wound circumferentially one after the other with an individual coil. The connecting sections between the individual coils run radially outward through the receiving pockets and are guided circumferentially along the radial outer side of the guide elements to the next stator tooth. The winding wire is guided from the radial outer side through a radial recess back radially inward to the stator tooth.After the winding of the stator base body has been completed, the interconnection plate is pressed axially in such a way that the insulation displacement elements of the interconnection plate engage axially in the receiving pockets in order to directly electrically contact the winding wires.

[0015] To wind a stator tooth, the winding needle is preferably directed radially outwards and runs diagonally through the stator slots during winding. Once a stator tooth has been wound, the winding needle can advantageously be tilted upwards and guided radially outwards over the receiving pockets. The winding needle is arranged axially above the receiving pocket and is only lowered axially again once the winding needle has been guided radially over the outer circumference of the insulating lamination. By lowering it axially, the winding wire is inserted into the two slots in the receiving pocket and clamped therein. The needle, still tilted, is then guided circumferentially along the outside of the guide elements until it reaches the next recess.Here, the winding needle can be guided radially inwards through the cutout without being lifted axially, as the cutout is wider in the circumferential direction than the winding needle. After the winding needle has been guided radially inwards through the cutout and reaches the stator tooth, the winding needle is tilted back so that it is aligned in the radial direction. In this position, it is guided around the next stator tooth to wind the next individual coil. Using this method, one stator tooth can be wound after the other, with the connecting wire only extending over the circumferential area of two immediately adjacent stator teeth. In this way, the entire stator can be wound using just a single winding wire, with the connecting wires being guided very reliably and closely, without running parallel to other winding wires or crossing other winding wires.This makes such a stator very robust against high vibration loads. Short description of the drawings

[0016] Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description.

[0017] They show: Fig. 1 a plan view of a stator after a first stator tooth has been wound, Fig. 2 a detailed view of the wire guide between two coils, Fig. 3 and 4 two variants for the fastening of the winding wire start / end, Fig. 5 the placement of a wiring plate on the wound stator and Fig. 6 a sectional view through the fastening device of the wiring plate on the stator.

[0018] In Fig. 1 A stator 10 is shown which has a return ring 38 which is closed in the circumferential direction 2 and on which radial stator teeth 14 are formed. In this embodiment, the stator teeth 14 point radially inward, so that a rotor (not shown) can be mounted within the stator teeth 14, which rotor is driven as an internal rotor by the stator 10. The stator 10 is composed of individual laminations 36 which are stacked one above the other in the axial direction 3 and connected to form a common lamination pack 35. The laminations 36 are preferably punched out, so that the stator teeth 14 are formed integrally with the return ring 38. The lamination pack 35 forms the stator base body 34, which in an alternative embodiment can also be formed integrally without laminations 36. In Fig. 1 the individual laminations 36 are slightly rotated relative to one another in the circumferential direction 2, so that the stator teeth 14 do not run parallel to the axial direction 3, but are interlaced in the circumferential direction 2. An insulating lamination 40 is arranged on a first axial end face 39 of the stator base body 34, which insulating lamination preferably completely covers the end face 39 with an insulating material. The insulating lamination 40 is preferably designed as a plastic injection-molded part that is pressed axially onto the stator base body 34. The stator teeth 14 have a tooth tip 15 at their radial ends, which is wider in the circumferential direction 2 than the actual stator tooth 14 in the radial region that is wound. In the region of the tooth tip 15, the insulating lamination 40 has a projection 33 in the axial direction 3 and in the circumferential direction 2, which projection holds the coil 17 on the stator tooth 14.Over the extension of the stator tooth 14 in the radial direction 4, grooves 43 are formed in the insulating lamination 40, into which the winding wire 22 is inserted. Radially outward, the insulating lamination 40 has a closed circumference 41, on which guide elements 44 are formed, which guide the connecting sections 30 of the winding wire 22 between the individual coils 17. The guide elements 44 extend in the axial direction 3, with the winding wire 22 being guided outwards in the radial direction 4 in order to be guided along the radial outer side 45 of the guide elements 44 in the circumferential direction 2. Furthermore, receiving pockets 46 are formed on the closed circumference 41 of the insulating lamination 40, into which the winding wire 22 is inserted in order to be connected to insulation displacement elements 70. The receiving pockets 46 have a larger dimension in the circumferential direction 2 than in the radial direction 4.Preferably, all receiving pockets 46 are arranged on the same radius relative to the stator axis. As can be seen from . Fig. 1 As can be seen, the receiving pockets 46 are preferably arranged in the region of stator slots 16 between the stator teeth 14. Each stator tooth 14 is assigned exactly one receiving pocket 46, with an additional first receiving pocket 48 being arranged for the winding wire start 28. In Fig. 1 the coil wire start 28 is not shown, but only schematically the winding of a single coil 17. The coil 17 is wound around the stator tooth 14 by means of a nozzle 54 of a needle winding device. After the winding of a coil 17 has been completed, the winding wire 22 is guided radially outwards through the receiving pocket 46 and guided along the radial outer side 45 of the guide elements 44 in the circumferential direction 2 to the next stator tooth 14. For this purpose, the winding wire 22 is guided radially inwards again to the next stator tooth 14 through a recess 56 between the guide elements 44. The recess 56 has a width 57 in the circumferential direction 2 which is greater than the width of the nozzle 54 in the circumferential direction 2. As a result, the winding wire 22 can be laid radially through the recess 56 by means of the nozzle 54 without the nozzle 54 having to be lifted axially above the guide elements 44.

[0019] In Fig. 2 1 shows an enlarged view of the wire guide of two adjacent spools 17. The receiving pocket 46 has a first radially inner pocket wall 61 and a second radially outer pocket wall 62. The first and second pocket walls 61, 62 are arranged approximately parallel to one another. Both pocket walls 61, 62 have an axial slot 63, which is each designed as a radial through-opening 64. The second radial pocket wall 62 simultaneously also forms a radial outer side 45 of the guide elements 44. In this case, the guide element 44 forms an extension of the second radial pocket wall 62 in the circumferential direction 2. The cutout 56 adjoins the guide element 44 in the circumferential direction 2, the cutout 56 having a side wall 66 which runs radially to the radial outer side 45 of the guide element 44. The winding wire 22 is guided radially inward along the side wall 66 and wound around the next stator tooth 14.In a preferred embodiment, the immediately adjacent stator teeth 14 are wound one after the other, so that the connecting wire 30 between two individual coils 17 extends only over the stator slot 13 in the circumferential direction 2. In this embodiment, the axial extent of the guide element 44 is equal to the axial extent of the receiving pocket 46 in order to mechanically stabilize the latter. The side wall 66 of the recess 56 is shown in FIG. Fig. 2 lowered and for this purpose has an axial step 67. The axial slot 63 of the first and / or second pocket wall 61, 62 has a downward taper so that the winding wire 22 is clamped in a defined position when inserted into the slot 63. A base surface 49 of the receiving pocket 46 is arranged axially lower than the lower end of the slots 63 so that the corresponding insulation displacement element 70 can extend in the axial direction 3 beyond the winding wire 30 up to the pocket base surface 49. The slots 63 have an insertion phase 68 at their axially open end so that the winding wire 22 can be inserted more easily. Likewise, joining aids 51 are formed on the inner sides 50 of the receiving pocket 46, for example as bevels, which center the insulation displacement elements 70 in the receiving pocket 46.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the entire stator is wound with a single, continuous winding wire 22. The winding wire 22 has exactly one winding wire start 28 and exactly one winding wire end 29.

[0021] In Fig. 3 It is now shown how such a winding wire start / end 28, 29 is fixed to the insulating mask 40. For this purpose, locking lugs 72 are formed on the insulating mask 40, between which the winding wire 22 is clamped. Fig. 3 the winding wire 22 is guided radially outwards through the receiving pocket 46 and runs in the circumferential direction 2 on the radial outer side 45. The winding wire 22 is clamped in the circumferential direction 2 between the locking lug 72 and axially opposite stop surfaces 73. The stop surfaces 73 form a recess 75 in the circumferential region of the locking lug 72, so that the winding wire start 28 or the winding wire end 29 is canted between the locking lug 72 and the stop surfaces 73 and is thus firmly fixed. The radial extent of the locking lug 72 and in particular also of the stop surfaces 73 is greater than the diameter of the winding wire 22. Furthermore, the locking lug 72 has a bevel 74, over which a motor housing slides over the stator 10 during joining. This ensures that the winding wire start 28 and / or the winding wire end 29 does not rest radially on the motor housing, but is held in place by the locking lug 72 orthe contact surfaces 73 are radially spaced from the inner wall of the motor housing.

[0022] In an alternative embodiment according to Fig. 4 The winding wire start 28 and / or the winding wire end 29 is inserted into axially extending gaps 78 in the insulating lamination 40. The axial gaps 78 have a radial depth that is greater than the diameter of the winding wire 22. As a result, the annular circumference 41 of the insulating lamination 40 is arranged radially further outward than the free wire ends 28, 29. Thus, the radially outer circumference 41 acts as a spacer between the free wire ends 28, 29 and the inside of the motor housing. In the embodiments according to Fig. 3 und 4 For the winding wire start 28, an additional, single second receiving pocket 48 is formed on the insulating lamella 40, which is arranged directly adjacent to the receiving pocket 46, through which the winding wire end 29 is guided after the winding of the last coil 17. In the embodiment in Fig. 4 For example, the winding wire beginning 28 is additionally wound around the circumference of the second receiving pocket 48 to securely fasten it to the insulating lamella 40. For better insulation of the free ends 28, 29 of the winding wire 22, axial tabs (not shown) of the interconnection plate 52 can also engage in the axial gap 78 to form an insulating layer radially between the ends 28, 29 of the winding wire 22 and the inside of the motor housing.

[0023] The first receiving pocket 48 can also be arranged axially offset from the other receiving pockets 46 or have a different axial extent.

[0024] In Fig. 5 a fully wound stator is shown, onto which the interconnection plate 52 is now axially joined. For this purpose, axially extending centering pins 80 are formed on the insulating lamination 40, which engage in corresponding centering recesses 81 in the interconnection plate 52. The centering recesses 81 are designed as axial through-holes 82. During axial joining of the interconnection plate 52, the insulation displacement elements 70 are positioned precisely relative to the receiving pockets 46 by the centering pins 80 and the centering recesses 81. The insulation displacement elements 70 are arranged here on ring-shaped conductors 84, which are inserted into the interconnection plate 52 in an electrically insulated manner. For example, the individual conductors 84 are assigned to the various phases 26, so that, for example, several coils 17 are connected to one another by a conductor 84 to form one phase 26. The conductors 84 are designed here as stamped and bent parts to which the insulation displacement elements 70 are integrally formed.The conductors 84 are arranged at different radii in the interconnection plate 52, wherein the insulation displacement elements 70 are preferably bent radially such that all insulation displacement elements 70 are arranged on the same radius of the receiving pockets 46. The insulation displacement elements 70 have a greater width in the circumferential direction 2 than in the radial direction 4. A clamping seat 71 is formed centrally on the insulation displacement elements 70 with respect to the circumferential direction 2, which clamping seat is pushed over the winding wire 22 within the receiving pocket 46 during axial joining, thereby forming an insulation displacement connection that is electrically conductive. The insulation displacement elements 70 are pressed into the receiving pockets 46 in such a way that they center themselves with respect to the winding wire 22 and clamp, for example, by means of molded-on locking hooks on the inner side 50 of the receiving pockets 46.

[0025] In Fig. 5 For example, three separate conductors 84 for the three phases U, V, W are inserted into the interconnection plate 52. The individual phases 26 can optionally be interconnected in a delta connection or a star-point connection, with three phase connection contacts, for example, being arranged on the interconnection plate 52 to energize the coils 17. The winding nozzle 54 is shown schematically; it is so narrow in the circumferential direction 2 that it can be guided radially through the recess 56 to deposit the winding wire 22 in the recess 56.

[0026] In the detailed drawing according to Fig. 6the interconnection plate 52 is fully axially joined to the wound stator 10. In the section through the centering seat 81, an insertion phase 89 can be seen, via which component and process tolerances are compensated. After the centering pins 80 have been fully axially inserted into the corresponding centering seats 81, an axial end region 90 of the centering pins 80 is plastically deformed in order to create a positive connection with respect to the axial direction 3. The centering pins 80 are formed integrally with the insulating lamination 40 as a plastic injection-molded part. As a result, the end regions 90 can be formed by hot caulking, so that a pin head 92 is formed on the end region 90, which has a larger diameter than the centering seats 81. As a result, the interconnection plate 52 is reliably axially connected to the insulating lamination 40.

[0027] In an alternative embodiment, the stator 10 can also be designed without interlacing the stator teeth 14, so that the stator teeth 14 extend parallel to the stator's longitudinal axis. In a further variant, the stator 10 can be used for an external rotor motor, in which the stator teeth 14 extend radially outward from the return ring 38, and the rotor is arranged radially outside the stator 10.

[0028] It should be noted that, with regard to the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures and in the description, a wide variety of combinations of the individual features are possible. For example, the specific design, the arrangement and number of the coils 17, as well as the design and number of the receiving pockets 46, 48 can be varied accordingly. The receiving pockets 46 and the guide elements 44 can be molded directly into an insulation mask injection-molded onto the stator base body 34 or into a separately manufactured insulating lamination 40 that is placed onto the stator base body 14. Likewise, the position and design of the insulation displacement elements 70 and the interface to the electronics unit can be adapted to the requirements of the electrical machine 12 and the manufacturing possibilities.Using the insulation displacement connection according to the invention, different circuit configurations can be realized in the interconnection plate 52, for example, a delta or star connection, whereby the individual coils 17 can be wound in parallel or in series with each other. The invention is particularly suitable for the rotary drive of components or the adjustment of parts in motor vehicles, but is not limited to this application.

Claims

1. Stator (10) for an electric machine (12), with a stator main body (34) which has radial stator teeth (14) for receiving coils (17) of an electrical winding (16), and the coils (17) are continuously wound with an uninterrupted winding wire (30), wherein an insulating lamination (40) with guide elements (44) for the winding wire (22) between the coils (17) is arranged on an end side (39) of the stator main body (34), wherein the stator (10) has cutting-clamping elements (70) and wherein each coil (17) is assigned at least one receiving pocket (46) for a cutting-clamping element (70) on the insulating lamination (40), into which at least one receiving pocket the winding wire (22) which is continuously wound in an uninterrupted manner is inserted for interconnection of the individual coils (17), characterized in that the cutting-clamping elements (70) are moulded on annular conductor strips (84) which are fitted in a plastics interconnect plate (52), and the cutting-clamping elements (70) of the conductor strips (84) are plugged axially over the winding wires (22) into the receiving pockets (46, 47) in order to interconnect the coils (17) to form individual phases (26), wherein the annular conductor strips (84) in the interconnect plate (52) are arranged radially next to one another and isolated from one another, and the conductor strips (84) are fitted into annular channels which are open axially downwards, wherein the cross section of the conductor strips (84) in the axial direction has a higher extent than in the radial direction, wherein axial centring pins (80) are moulded on the insulating lamination (40) and engage into corresponding centring receptacles (81) in the interconnect plate (52), wherein the centring receptacles (81) are designed as through holes (82), and the axial end (92) of the centring pins (80) is deformed by means of hot caulking in order to form a form-fitting connection with the interconnect plate (52).

2. Stator (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that exactly one of the coils (17) is assigned a first receiving pocket (46) and an additional second receiving pocket (48) for the start (28) of the winding wire, and all further coils (17) are each assigned exactly one receiving pocket (46).

3. Stator (10) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the winding wire (22) is guided radially through the receiving pocket (46) and is again guided radially through an adjacent clearance (56) back to the coil (17) which is directly adjacent in the circumferential direction (2).

4. Stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all of the coils (17) are wound directly one after another on stator teeth (14) which are directly adjacent in the circumferential direction (2), in particular by means of needle winding.

5. Stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clearances (56) are of such a width in the circumferential direction (2) that a winding nozzle (54) of the needle winding device can be moved radially through the clearance (56) without needing to be lifted axially over the insulating lamination (40).

6. Stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving pocket (46) has two radial walls (61, 62) which extend in the circumferential direction (2) and in which a radial aperture (64) is formed as an axially upwardly open slot (63), wherein at least one slot (63) is of axially downwardly tapered form, in order to precisely position the winding wire (22) during winding in the slot (63).

7. Stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radially outer wall (62) extends in the circumferential direction (2) from the slot (63) to the adjacent clearance (56) and here runs radially inwards in order to form a side wall (66) of the clearance (56), wherein the winding wire (22) is guided along the radially outer wall (62) and the side wall (66) as a guide element (44).

8. Stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stator main body (34) is stacked from individual sheet metal laminations (36) which have a closed yoke ring (38) and radial stator teeth (14) moulded thereon, wherein in particular the individual sheet metal laminations (36) are arranged rotated with respect to one another in the circumferential direction (2), and therefore the stator teeth (14) are formed in a skewed manner in the circumferential direction (2).

9. Stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the start (28) of the winding wire and / or the end (29) of the winding wire are guided radially through the receiving pockets (46, 48), and latching lugs (72), into which the start (28) of the winding wire and / or end (29) of the winding wire are clamped, are moulded on the radial outer side (45) of the insulating lamination (44), wherein in particular the start (28) of the winding wire and / or the end (29) of the winding wire extends on the outer side (45) in the circumferential direction (2) and preferably the latching lugs (72) project radially outwards beyond the start (28) of the winding wire and / or the end (29) of the winding wire.

10. Stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that radial recesses (78) are moulded on the radial outer side of the insulating lamination (40) in the axial direction (3), into which recesses the start (28) of the winding wire and / or end (29) of the winding wire are clamped, wherein in particular a radial outer edge of the radial recess (78) projects radially outwards beyond the start (28) of the winding wire and / or the end (29) of the winding wire.

11. Stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual phases (26) are energized via phase connections on the interconnect plate (52).

12. Electric machine (12) having a stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stator (10) is fitted into a cylindrical motor housing, wherein a rotor is mounted via end shields of the motor housing within the stator (10), and in particular an electronics unit for activating the phases (26) is arranged axially above the interconnect plate (52).

13. Method for producing a stator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following method steps: - an insulating lamination (40) is fitted axially onto an end face (39) of the stator main body (34) - coils (17) are then wound onto the stator main body (34) by means of a continuous winding wire (22), wherein connecting wires (30) are guided between the coils (17) on a radial outer side of the insulating lamination (40) - after each winding of a coil (17), the winding wire (22) is guided radially through a receiving pocket (46) for a cutting-clamping element (70) - for the winding of the next coil (17), the winding wire (22) is guided radially through a radial clearance (56) to the next stator tooth (14) - an interconnect plate (52) is fitted axially over the insulating lamination (40) onto the stator main body (34) in such a way that the cutting-clamping elements (70) engage axially into the receiving pockets (46) in order to make electrical contact with the winding wire (22), and that the axial centring pins (80) engage into the corresponding centring receptacles (81) in the interconnect plate (52), and the axial end (92) of the centring pins (80) is deformed by hot caulking in order to form a form-fitting connection with the interconnect plate (52).

14. Method according to Claim 13, characterized in that - the winding wire (22) is wound with a winding nozzle (54) of a needle winding device, and the winding nozzle (54) is lifted axially over the insulating lamination (40) in order to axially insert the winding wire (22) into the receiving pocket (46) - and the winding nozzle (54) is in particular tilted by an angle in order to place the winding wire (22) on the radial outer wall in the circumferential direction (2) - and the winding nozzle is guided through the radial clearance (56) radially inwards to the next stator tooth (14) without any axial vertical movement - wherein stator teeth (14) which are directly adjacent are preferably wound directly one after another, such that the connecting wire (30) extends between two coils (17) on the outer side (45) in the circumferential direction (2) in each case only between two adjacent stator teeth (14).