SUPPORT FOR A RAIL

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a support for a rail comprising at least one base plate, such as a ribbed plate, which receives the rail, and an elastic intermediate layer running underneath the base plate, as well as end regions of the base plate and the intermediate plate, which accommodate holders, according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] Corresponding supports or bearings for track sections can be found, for example, in EP 1 041 200 B1 or DE 44 32 257 C1.

[0003] The supports or bearings have in common that the base plate, such as a ribbed plate, is itself penetrated by fastening elements, such as screws, in order to connect the support or bearing to a base, such as a sleeper.

[0004] US 5 249 743 A relates to a rail fastening with an elastic base consisting of sections whose length is adjustable relative to one another.

[0005] The subject of US 2013 / 0015256 A1 is a rail support using angle guide pieces.

[0006] The subject of DE 20 2010 009 778 U1 is a rail fastening system with a large number of plates of different stiffness arranged one above the other.

[0007] A support for a rail is described in EP 1 662 046 A1, in which an intermediate layer has regions of varying stiffness. A guide plate for fastening a rail is known from EP 1 688 540 A1. The guide plate consists of a lower part and an upper part, which is adjustable relative to the lower part transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail.

[0008] WO 2015 / 093789 A1 describes a rail support comprising a base plate, an elastic intermediate plate, and a base plate. Guide pieces are provided for fastening, which engage positively with the corresponding plates in such a way that displacement transverse to the longitudinal direction of the rail is impossible.

[0009] A generic support can be found in KR 200 442 631 Y1.

[0010] EP 2 363 529 A2 relates to a system for fastening a rail, comprising a ribbed plate inserted into a funnel-shaped receptacle of a base plate and connected to it via an elastic intermediate layer. Hold-down devices are provided to limit the movement of the base plate.

[0011] According to JP 2015 105495 ​​A, a rail is fixed to a base plate using L-shaped hold-down clamps.

[0012] The present invention is based on the object of designing a corresponding support with a simpler design compared to the prior art, with the aim of simplifying its interchangeability and assembly. Furthermore, the possibility of easy adjustment transverse to the longitudinal direction of the rail should be provided.

[0013] To achieve the object, the invention essentially proposes that the end regions of the base plate and the intermediate plate are received in a form-fitting manner by the receptacles, that either the receptacles each have a clear inner height which is less than the sum of the thicknesses of the base plate and the intermediate plate in their respective end regions in the relaxed state, and that a guide plate runs beneath and supports the base plate, into which the holders engage in a form-fitting manner, or that an elastic element which is supported on the surface of the base plate extends from each holder, wherein the clear height of the receptacle is less than the sum of the thicknesses of the base plate and the intermediate plate as well as the area of ​​the elastic element which extends between the base plate and the underside of the receptacle, in each case viewed in the relaxed state.

[0014] In contrast to previously known supports or bearings, the base plate that holds a rail is no longer penetrated by a fastener itself; instead, the fasteners penetrate the brackets. This offers the advantage that complete removal of the fasteners is essentially unnecessary to remove or insert the base plate.

[0015] The fact that the base plate engages positively with the guide plate ensures clear positioning, which in turn simplifies assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, the invention is characterized in that the elastic intermediate plate runs between the steel base plate, such as a ribbed plate, and the steel guide plate, which is also held by the holders in its end areas.

[0017] The stiffness of the support forming a rail fastening system can be adjusted via the elastic intermediate layer, whereby, in contrast to the state of the art, the force is not introduced at specific points via the fastening means, but rather over the entire front edge areas of the base plate.

[0018] Furthermore, it can be provided that a base plate, which is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced polyamide, runs between the guide plate and a support supporting the support, such as a threshold.

[0019] The elastic intermediate plate consists in particular of polyurethane, such as polyetherurethane, in particular closed-cell polyurethane.

[0020] The elastic intermediate plate can also consist of a metal plate as a base plate, to which elastic moldings are attached or vulcanized, extending toward the base, such as the threshold. These moldings are made of rubber.

[0021] In order to adjust a preload to the required extent, it is provided that each holder has a receptacle for one of the end areas of the base plate and the intermediate plate, wherein the clear inner height of the receptacle is less than the sum of the thicknesses of the base plate and the intermediate plate in their respective end areas and in the relaxed state.

[0022] To achieve the desired preload, it is alternatively possible to adjust the preload using an elastic element, particularly in the form of an elastomer spring, extending from the bracket and resting on the surface of the base plate, such as the ribbed plate. The elastic element made of elastomer can be strip-shaped or block-shaped, extending along the rail in the bracket and being positively received and thus fixed.

[0023] The height of the base plate, the intermediate plate and the area of ​​the elastic element that extends between the base plate and the underside of the holder is, in the relaxed state, greater than the distance between the head wall side of the holder and the support of the holder when the latter is firmly connected to the base, such as a concrete sleeper.

[0024] The receptacle itself is limited by side walls, a rear wall and the head wall and is left free at the bottom.

[0025] If an elastic element, such as an elastomer spring element, is used, the inside of the head wall of the receptacle has one or more recesses in which one or more geometrically adapted projections of the strip- or block-like elastic element engage in a form-fitting manner in order to fasten the elastic element.

[0026] In particular, it is provided that the side walls are sections of side legs of the holder, which extend at least in regions along a bottom wall of the holder facing away from the receptacle, which can be penetrated by the fastening means having a shaft with a head.

[0027] In order to ensure that the holder engages positively in the guide plate, at least one projection extends from the underside of the base wall, which engages positively in the guide plate.

[0028] Preferably, two projections can extend from the underside of the bottom wall of the holder, which projections engage positively in the guide plate, wherein the projections extend on opposite sides of an opening through which the fastening means can pass, such as an elongated hole.

[0029] To enable the bracket to be adjusted and thus support a base such as a sleeper, the opening in the base wall of the bracket is surrounded by an area of ​​raised and recessed sections forming a toothed pattern. A plate- or disc-shaped element with a structure corresponding to the raised and recessed sections can be arranged between the head of the fastener and the toothed section. The raised and recessed sections should run parallel to the rear wall of the bracket, i.e., in the longitudinal direction of the rail to be fastened.

[0030] Furthermore, the plate- or disc-shaped element should have at least two parallel edges, between which a circular through-hole runs off-center, through which the shaft of the fastening element passes. This allows for fine adjustment, since the eccentricity of the center of the circular through-hole relative to the centerline between the edges is smaller than the distance between successive ribs or depressions of the area of ​​the bottom wall forming the toothing. The area forming the toothing can itself be a plate element that is connected, such as welded, to the bottom wall.

[0031] Furthermore, the invention is characterized in that the base plate consists of two sections that can be spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction. In particular, it is provided that the sections engage with each other in a form-fitting manner via at least one projection extending in the longitudinal direction of the base plate, extending from one of the sections and engaging in a recess in the other section, for exclusively axial spacing adjustment of the sections.

[0032] The rail fastening system for a rail section having the support or bearing according to the invention is thus characterized in particular by one or more of the following features.

[0033] The brackets, also known as guide pieces, are connected in a form-fitting manner to a guide plate, whereby the brackets are penetrated by fastening elements, such as screws, in order to connect the support to a base, such as a sleeper.

[0034] An elastic intermediate plate is arranged on the guide plate, which has a desired stiffness depending on the load to be absorbed by trains passing through the track, which can be, for example, between 40 kN / mm and 60 kN / mm.

[0035] The intermediate plate may be one such as that described in DE 298 07 791 A1.

[0036] The base plate is positioned above the elastic intermediate plate, serving as a load-bearing and distribution plate. The rail can be secured to the base plate using either a tension clamp, hook bolt, nut and washer, or plug-in clamping elements such as e-Clip or Fast-Clip.

[0037] The base plate has projections that extend to both sides of the rail foot to guide the rail, so that additional components such as angle guide plates are not required.

[0038] The brackets do not have to form direct guides for the rail.

[0039] The base plate and the elastic intermediate plate are fixed longitudinally and laterally to the guide plate by the brackets.

[0040] The vertical relative movement of the base plate of, for example, 3 - 5 mm is specified according to the spring stiffness of the elastic intermediate plate.

[0041] The support is securely fastened to the base, such as a concrete sleeper, using screws. Adjustment along the longitudinal axis of the support is achieved through the teeth in the brackets and the associated plate- or disc-shaped elements, against whose outer sides the head of the respective screw rests directly or indirectly. The outer-centered opening in the element, through which the screw passes, allows for fine adjustment.

[0042] The toothing can enable horizontal adjustment of the support, also known as a rail fastening system, for example, in the range of ± 15 mm, whereby the distance between the recesses can be 3 mm.

[0043] An anchoring by means of a through-bolt connection can be provided in the base, such as a concrete sleeper, as can be seen from the state of the art.

[0044] The vertical adjustability of the support can be achieved by the thickness of the base plate, which is placed between the guide plate and the support, such as the threshold. Base plates of different thicknesses can provide vertical adjustment of up to 30 mm.

[0045] Furthermore, the fastening elements can be surrounded by insulating bushings to enable electrical insulation between the unit base plate with brackets and guide plate from the base, such as a concrete sleeper.

[0046] A support for a rail is provided, comprising at least one base plate receiving the rail, a guide plate below the base plate and supporting the latter, and receptacles for holders receiving the base plate in its end regions, which engage positively in the guide plate and can be penetrated outside the base plate and by fastening means for fastening the support, wherein each receptacle is delimited by side walls, a rear wall and a head wall and left free on the bottom side, and the side walls are sections of side legs of the holder, which extend at least in regions along a bottom wall of the holder facing away from the receptacle, which are penetrated by a fastening means for fastening the support.

[0047] Further details, advantages and features of the invention emerge from the appended claims.

[0048] They show: Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a first embodiment of a support for a track forming a rail fastening system, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the support. Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 a section along the line AA in Fig. 2 , Fig. 4 a perspective view of the support, Fig. 5 a perspective view of a holder, Fig. 6 a view of the holder according to. Fig. 5 diagonally from below, Fig. 7 a bottom view of the bracket according to. Fig. 5 , Fig. 8a front view of the bracket according to Fig. 5 , Fig. 9 a top view of the holder according to. Fig. 5 , Fig. 10a section along the line BB in Fig. 8 , Fig. 11a section along the line CC in Fig. 8 , Fig. 12a detail X from the Fig. 10 , Fig. 13 a representation of a tooth plate, Fig. 14 a section along the line DD in Fig. 13 , Fig. 15 an exploded view of a second embodiment of a support for a track forming a rail fastening system, Fig. 16 a plan view of the support according to Fig. 15 , Fig. 17 a section along the line AA in Fig. 16 , Fig. 18 a longitudinal section of essential components of the support, Fig. 19 a perspective view of the support, Fig. 20 a bottom view of a bracket, in perspective view, Fig. 21 the bottom view of the bracket, Fig. 22 a rear view of the bracket, Fig. 23 a section along the line CC in Fig. 22 , Fig. 24 a section along the line DD in Fig. 22 , Fig. 25a plan view of an elastomer spring, Fig. 26a section along the line EE in Fig. 25 , Fig. 27a perspective view of the elastomer spring and Fig. 28a section along the line BB in Fig. 16 .

[0049] The Figuren 1 - 14 , in which basically identical elements are identified by identical reference numerals, a first embodiment of a support 10 for elastically supporting a rail in a track can be seen. The support 10 can also be referred to as a bracket, track support point, or rail fastening system.

[0050] The main component of the support 10 is a base plate 12 made of steel, depicted as a ribbed plate, along the underside of which runs an elastic intermediate plate 14, which may have a construction, for example, according to DE 298 07 791 A1. The elastic intermediate plate 14 may be made of metal, to which molded pieces, such as rubber, are vulcanized.

[0051] It is also possible to use an intermediate plate 14 made of polyurethane, such as polyetherurethane, in particular closed-cell polyurethane.

[0052] Furthermore, a steel guide plate 16 is provided, which is preferably arranged on a base, such as a concrete sleeper 20, via a possibly split base plate 18, to which the support 10 is connected. The concrete sleeper 20 can be part of a fixed roadway.

[0053] The base plate 18 can be made of polyamide with glass fiber components.

[0054] Essential components of the support 10 are also holders 22, 24, which can also be referred to as guide pieces and which are designed to positively receive the end regions of the base plate 12 and the elastic intermediate plate 14.

[0055] The brackets 22, 24 are made of steel.

[0056] As can be seen from the Fig. 1 - 4 To achieve this, a rail section 26 is fixed to the base plate 12, which is designed as a ribbed plate, e.g., using tension clamps 28, 30. For this purpose, the base plate 12 has corresponding, but not further identified, ribs as well as screws that are secured by the ribs. In this respect, reference is made to well-known constructions in the superstructure. Other fastening methods, such as hooks or screws, nut and washer, and plug-in tensioning elements such as e-Clips or Fast-Clips, are also possible.

[0057] Furthermore, the drawings show that an intermediate layer 32 extends between the base of the rail and the base plate 12. This layer can be made of or contain EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate).

[0058] Based on the Fig. 5 - 14 The structure of the brackets 22, 24 will be described using the bracket 24 as an example. The bracket 22 has a corresponding structure.

[0059] The holder 24 has a bottom wall 34 and perpendicular thereto and parallel side legs 36, 38, each of which has a V-shaped or acute-angled trapezoidal shape when viewed from the side. The bottom wall 34 is penetrated by an elongated hole 40, which is designed according to the Fig. 1 is penetrated by a fastening element, such as a hexagon screw 42, through which the support 10 is connected to the threshold 20. For this purpose, a through-bolt connection according to, for example, DE 44 43 401 A1 can be used, to the disclosure of which express reference is made.

[0060] The bracket 24 has a chamber 44 at the rear, which is defined by side walls 46, 48, a head wall 50, and a rear wall 49. The chamber 44, which can be referred to as the receptacle, is open at the bottom. The end regions 52, 54 and 56, 58 of the base plate 12 and intermediate plate 14, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the rail 26, are inserted into the corresponding chamber 44 of the bracket 24 and, correspondingly, into that of the bracket 22, thereby securing the base plate 12 to the intermediate plate 14. The chambers 44 can have rib-like material reinforcements to ensure the required stability.

[0061] The reception of the end areas 52, 54 and 56, 58 in the holders 22, 24 is also evident from the partially broken-out top view according to. Fig. 2 as well as the sectional view according to Fig. 3 .

[0062] The clear height of the chamber 44, i.e., the distance between the inner side 60 of the head wall 50 and the underside 62 of the bottom wall 34 of the holder 24, is less than the thickness of the base plate 12 and the intermediate plate 14 in the unclamped state. Thus, when the undersides 62 of the bottom walls 34 of the holders 22, 24 rest on the upper side of the guide plate 16 and the support 10 is connected to the sleeper 20, a desired preload for the support 10 is achieved. Thus, the desired preload can be precisely adjusted, with intermediate plates 14 with different spring characteristics being used depending on the desired stiffness.

[0063] To ensure a clear alignment of the holder 22, 24 with the guide plate 16, the holder 22, 24 engages the guide plate 16 in a form-fitting manner. For this purpose, pin-shaped or cylindrical projections 64, 66 extend from the underside 62 of the holder 22, 24 and thus from the bottom wall 34, which engage in correspondingly geometrically adapted recesses 68, 70 and 72, 74 in the guide plate 16. The height of the projections 64, 66 is equal to or less than the thickness of the guide plate 16.

[0064] The support 10 is fixed to the concrete sleeper 20 by means of fastening elements such as the hexagon screw 42, which passes through the bracket 24, and the screw 142, which passes through the elongated hole 140 in the bracket 22. To enable adjustment of the base plate 12 in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper 20, the elongated holes 40, 140 present in the bracket 22, 24 and corresponding elongated holes 240, 340 in the guide plate 16 are provided, so that longitudinal adjustability is possible, which is the length of the elongated hole 40, 140 minus the diameter of the hexagon screw 42, 142. For this purpose, the elongated holes 40, 140 are surrounded by a toothing formed by ribs 80, 82 and recesses 84, 86 running between them, wherein the ribs 80, 82 or recesses 84, 86 run parallel to the rear wall 49 of the holder 22, 24, against which the end edges of the base plate 12 and the intermediate plate 14 rest.This toothing formed by the elevations 80, 82 and depressions 84, 86 is assigned a so-called tooth plate 90, which in an enlarged view shows the . Fig. 13 , 14 The tooth plate 90 has in the corresponding, surrounding the slot 40, 140, forming the toothing and formed by the elevations 80, 82 and depressions 84, 86 and in the Fig. 9 dark-appearing area 92 has geometrically corresponding projections and depressions, some of which are identified by the reference numerals 94, 96 and 98, 100, respectively.

[0065] The tooth plate 90 rests with its toothing on the toothing of the holder 22 or 24 and can thus be adjusted in a locked manner to this toothing.

[0066] The tooth plate 90 further has a circular opening 102 through which the shaft 43, 143 of the fastening element 42, 142 passes, which has a head 45, 145 at the end, the diameter of which is larger than that of the opening 102.

[0067] Furthermore, the Fig. 13 that the center point 105 of the opening 102 runs off-center between the side edges 104, 106 (center line 103) of the toothed plate 90, which in turn run parallel to the ribs 80, 82 or 94, 96 or recesses 84, 86 or 98, 100 of the toothing of the holder 22, 24 or the toothed plate 90. The distance between ribs 80, 82 or 94, 96 is greater than the offset between the center point 105 and the center line 103. The offset can preferably be ¼ to ½ of the distance.

[0068] Preferably, the distance between the ribs 80, 82 is e.g. 3 mm and the offset e.g. 0.75 mm.

[0069] The toothing forming region 92 surrounding the elongated hole 40, 140 may also be a plate element that is fixed to the upper side of the bottom wall 34 of the holder 22, 24, such as welded thereto.

[0070] From the presentation of the Fig. 9 It can also be seen that marking ribs 110, 112 are arranged perpendicular to the elevations or depressions 80, 82 or 84, 86 of the area 92 forming the toothing in order to facilitate adjustment.

[0071] To attach the support 10, first the base plate 18 and then the guide plate 16 are placed on the surface 120 of the concrete sleeper 20, wherein alignment with the recesses 122, 124 in the concrete sleeper 20 occurs such that the recesses 123, 125 in the base plate 18 and correspondingly also the elongated holes 240, 340 in the guide plate 16 are aligned with the recesses 122, 124 in the concrete sleeper 20. The elastic intermediate plate 14 is then positioned with the base plate 12 on the guide plate 16 such that the projections 64, 66 of the brackets 22, 24 extending on the bottom side can engage in the openings 72, 74 and 68, 70 of the guide plate 16 in a form-fitting manner. Then, a disc spring 126, a washer 128, an insulating bushing 130 and the toothed plate 90 are pushed onto the shaft 43, 143 of the screws 42, 142 and corresponding elements onto the shaft 143.The respective shaft 43, 143 then passes through the elongated holes 40, 140 of the holders 22, 24, the elongated holes 240, 340 of the guide plate 16 and the recesses 123, 125 present in the base plate 18 in order to engage in the recesses 122, 124 in the concrete sleeper 20 and in accordance with the drawing according to . Fig. 3 to be fastened by means of a plug connection, wherein by tightening the screws 42, 142 the intermediate plate 14 is pretensioned, to such an extent that the undersides 62 of the holders 22, 24 rest on the upper side of the guide plate 16.

[0072] The insulating bushing 130 and the base plate 18 provide electrical insulation between the support 10 and the rail 26 and the concrete sleeper 20.

[0073] By lifting the brackets 22, 24 and moving them to the toothing extending from the brackets 22, 24 (area 92), the base plate 12 with the elastic intermediate layer 14 can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the concrete sleeper 20 to set the desired track width. By rotating the toothed plate 90 by 180°, a fine adjustment of, for example, 1 mm - 2 mm, preferably 1.5 mm, can be achieved.

[0074] As can be seen in particular from the Fig. 1 The base plate 18 is divided into two parts and in the exemplary embodiment consists of sections 17 and 19.

[0075] To ensure that these are clearly aligned with each other, a tongue-shaped projection 21 extends from section 19, which engages into a geometrically adapted recess 23 of section 17. Projection 21 and recess 23 extend in the longitudinal axis direction of the base plate 18. This design makes it possible to use base plates of one size for guide plates whose elongated holes have different distances from one another.

[0076] The Fig. 15 - 27 A second embodiment of a support 200 can be seen, which, corresponding to the support 10, has brackets 222, 224, which can be referred to as guide pieces, for elastically supporting a rail in a track. Likewise, the main components of the support 200 are a base plate 212, shown as a ribbed plate, which is made of steel and from which rib-like projections 213, 215 extend along the long sides of the rail foot 211. These projections, in turn, are used to fix, for example, tension clamps 228, 230, by means of which the rail is secured. Other fastening means and types are also possible.

[0077] In the illustrated example, the rail is secured by clamps 228, 230, which are tightened by hook screws 217, 219 extending from the ribs 213, 215. Other fastening options are also possible.

[0078] Irrespective of this, according to the embodiment of the Fig. 1 bis 14 the base plate, referred to below as ribbed plate 212, and an elastic intermediate plate 214, which can consist of polyetherurethane, in particular of closed-cell polyetherurethane, for example, are positively received and prestressed in their end regions by the holders 222, 224.

[0079] An intermediate layer 232 made of, for example, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) can be arranged between the ribbed plate 212 and the rail foot 211.

[0080] Furthermore, there is the possibility that a base plate 218, also made of ethylene vinyl acetate, for example, runs between the intermediate plate 214 and a support such as a concrete sleeper 220.

[0081] Corresponding to support 10, support 200 is secured via brackets 222, 224 by means of screws, one of which bears the reference numeral 224, which penetrate not the ribbed plate 212, but the bottom walls 234, 235 of brackets 222, 224, which are remote from the rail. In this respect, reference is made to the explanations for support 10.

[0082] In contrast to the brackets 22, 24, the brackets 222, 224 have, in their areas receiving the end regions 252, 254, 256, 258 of the ribbed plate 212 and the intermediate plate 214, one or more recesses 274, 276 in their head walls 250, 253, extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail and thus parallel to the rear walls 249, 251, into which sections of an elastic element 258, 260 are inserted in a form-fitting manner for securing the elastic element. The elastic element 258, 260 is fastened in particular by means of a form-fitting connection. Other fastening options, such as vulcanization, are also possible.

[0083] The Fig. 25 bis 28 Details of the elastic elements 258, 260 can be seen, which each have a rectangular geometry in cross-section and in longitudinal section and from whose upper sides 280 cylindrical projections 282, 284 protrude, which engage in a form-fitting manner in recesses 274, 276, 278 which are formed in the head walls 250, 253 of the holders 222, 224.

[0084] As can be seen in particular from the Fig. 28 As can be seen, the longitudinal direction of the elastomer springs 258, 260 extends parallel to the rear walls 249, 251 and thus in the longitudinal direction of the rail to be fixed.

[0085] In the exemplary embodiment, the respective length extension of the elastomer springs 258, 260 is less than the clear distance between the side walls 290, 292 of the holders 222, 224.

[0086] In order to achieve the required preload, when the elastic intermediate plate and the elastomer spring 258, 260 are in the relaxed state, the height of the intermediate plate 214, the ribbed plate 212 and the elastomer spring 258, 260 outside their projections 282, 284 is greater than the distance between the underside of the head wall 250, 253 and the support surface of the holders 222, 224, i.e., in the exemplary embodiment, the upper side of the base plate 218.

[0087] The elastic element 258, 260 acts as an elastomer spring to preload the ribbed plate 212 and intermediate plate 214 assembly once the brackets 222, 224 are fixed to the concrete sleeper 220 or another support via the screws 242. Otherwise, the construction of the brackets 222, 224 is the same as that of the brackets 22, 24, so reference is made to the relevant explanations.

[0088] The elastic elements 254, 256, which act as elastomer springs, consist in particular of rubber such as chloroprene rubber.

[0089] The essential features and properties of the second embodiment are summarized below: The support or the rail fastening system comprises the base plate 212 with the elastic intermediate plate 214 as an internal movable system as well as the two rigidly mounted end pieces forming holders 222, 224, which are also referred to as guide pieces.

[0090] The base plate 212 and the elastic intermediate plate 214 are fixed longitudinally and laterally to the threshold by the guide pieces 222, 224 in a form-fitting manner.

[0091] The frictional fastening of the guide pieces 222, 224 to the base, such as the concrete sleeper 220, can be achieved by a spring washer clamped with a sleeper screw. A cast-in dowel in the concrete sleeper serves as anchorage for each screw axis.

[0092] Elastomer springs 258, 260 inserted in the guide pieces 222, 224 enable the guide pieces to be properly clamped to the sleeper over the entire range of intermediate plate stiffnesses.

[0093] The elastic intermediate plate 214 made of foamed polyetherurethane has a variable nominal static stiffness of 4 to 60 kN / mm.

[0094] Above the elastic intermediate plate 214, the base plate 212 is placed like a ribbed plate, serving as a type of load-bearing and distribution plate. The rail is secured via the base plate 212 either with a screwed clamping element, such as a tension clamp, hook bolt, nut, and washer, or with a plug-in clamping element, such as an e-Clip or Fast-Clip.

[0095] The vertical relative movement of 1 to 4 mm of the base plate 212 to the guide pieces 222, 224 or to the threshold 220 is specified according to the spring stiffness of the elastic intermediate plate 214.

[0096] A thin EVA base plate 218 serves as a leveling layer for unevenness on the sleeper top surface and at the same time as an electrical insulator between the electrically conductive components and the concrete sleeper.

[0097] The two guide pieces 222, 224 positively fix the movements of the primary elements of the elastic support, such as the ribbed plate support, consisting of the base plate 212 and the elastic intermediate plate 214, in a longitudinal and lateral direction. At the same time, the vertical movement of the base plate 212 is enabled due to a wheel-load-induced depression of the elastic intermediate plate 214. Unlike the previous elastic ribbed plate support, the base plate 212 and the elastic intermediate plate 214 do not have through holes for fixing and bracing against the concrete sleeper 220.

[0098] In contrast, the guide pieces 222, 224 have pockets (receptacles) for the positive locking of the base plate 212 and the elastic intermediate plate 214. Within these pockets, the movements of the base plate 212 in the horizontal plane are blocked.

[0099] E.g. 1 mm high elevations on the rear wall and on the side flanks within the pocket are intended to reduce the contact friction of the base plate to the guide piece during vertical depression.

[0100] In addition, the guide piece 222, 224 has reinforced ribs on the flanks so that it can absorb the wheel guiding forces transmitted by the base plate 212 as well as the forces and moments that arise when the elastic intermediate plate 214 is clamped without excessive stress.

[0101] Another feature of the system is the use of an elastomer spring 258, 260 as the upper spring. The cuboid-shaped elastomer spring made of vulcanized chloroprene rubber has two small, circular-section pins 282, 284 on its upper side. Equivalent blind holes 274, 276 in the guide piece 222, 224 serve to positively accommodate the elastomer spring 258, 260.

[0102] The elastomer spring 258, 260 connected in series with the elastic intermediate plate 214 is intended to reduce the resulting total spring rate when bracing the guide pieces 222, 224 and to ensure continuous states across all stiffnesses of the elastic intermediate plates 214.

[0103] The elastomer spring 258, 260 has a spring rate of approximately 450 kN / mm. Ideally, when the guide pieces 222, 224 are tightened, the elastomer spring 258, 260 is compressed by 3 mm. This preloads the base plate 212 with approximately 1.3 kN per side.

[0104] The unstressed elastomer spring 258, 260 is dimensioned so high that in the stressed state, contact with the base plate 212 is always realized across all component tolerances of the guide piece 222, 224, base plate 212 and elastic intermediate plate 214.

[0105] The base plate 212 is designed to absorb the wheel loads acting vertically and horizontally across the rail and subsequently distribute them across a large area to the underlying support elements. Furthermore, the base plate 212 serves to anchor either bolted or plug-in rail fastening elements. For this purpose, the base plate 212 can have either pairs of ribbed cams for fastening to the KS superstructure or shoulders corresponding to the respective type for fastening with plug-in tensioning elements on both sides of the rail.

[0106] The elastic intermediate plate 214 consists of a single spring element that rests on the entire surface. The various stiffnesses are achieved by using different formulations of the closed-cell polyetherurethane. The defined plate thickness can be, for example, 12.5 mm.

[0107] The guide pieces 222, 224 are each fixed to the sleeper 220 with four sleeper screw axes. The sleeper screws can have a trapezoidal thread. A polymer dowel with a steel shell is placed in the sleeper 220 as a counterpart. A spring washer inserted above the guide piece 222, 224 on each axis can generate a preload force of approximately 30 kN. The resulting frictional connection between the guide piece 222, 224 and the cast-in dowel in the concrete sleeper 220 ensures that the positively integrated base plate 212 is held in position in the horizontal plane. At the same time, shear stress on the screws is avoided. This means that the acting wheel guidance force is dissipated by the screw preload force and by the friction force between the clamped plates due to the component of the vertical wheel load.

Claims

1. Support (10, 200) for a rail, comprising at least one baseplate (12, 212) receiving the rail, an elastic intermediate plate (14, 214) underneath the baseplate, and receptacles (44) of holders (22, 24, 222, 224) receiving end regions (52, 54) of the baseplate and of the intermediate plate, said holders can be passed through by fastening means (42, 142, 225) outside the baseplate (12) to fasten the support, wherein the end regions (52, 54) of the baseplate (12, 212) and of the intermediate plate (14, 214) are positively received by the receptacles (44), either the receptacles each have a clear inner height which is less than the sum of the thicknesses of the baseplate and of the intermediate plate at their respective end regions in the unloaded state and a guide plate (16) passes underneath the baseplate (12) and supports it and in which the holders (22, 24) positively engage, or an elastic element (258, 260) resting on the surface of the baseplate (21) extends from each holder (222, 224), the clear height of the receptacle being less than the sum of the thicknesses of the baseplate and of the intermediate plate and of the area of the elastic element extending between the baseplate and the underside of the receptacle, in each case considered in the unloaded state.

2. Support according to at least claim 1, wherein a sole plate (18), preferably consisting of or containing polyamide, extends between the guide plate (16) and a base (20), such as a sleeper, supporting the support (10).

3. Support according to claim 1 and / or 2, wherein the receptacle (44) is limited by side walls (46, 48, 290, 292), a rear wall (49, 249, 251) and a top wall (50, 250, 252) and left open at the bottom.

4. Support according to at least claim 1, wherein the side walls (36, 38) are sections of side members of the holders (22, 24) which extend at least in some areas along a bottom wall (34) of the holders facing away from the receptacle, which bottom wall can be passed through by the fastening means (42, 142) having a shank (43, 143) with a head (45, 145).

5. Support according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one projection (64, 66) extends from the holders (22, 24) or its bottom wall (34) on the underside and positively engages in the guide plate (16).

6. Support according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein two projections (64, 66) extend from the bottom wall (34) on the underside and positively engage in the guide plate (16), the projections extending on opposite sides of an opening (40), such as a slot, that can be passed through by the fastening means (42, 142).

7. Support according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the side walls (46, 48) limiting the receptacle (44) are designed with thicker material on the inside, for example by ribs.

8. Support according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the opening (40) that can be passed through by the fastening means (42, 142) in the bottom wall (34) of the holders (22, 24) is surrounded by an area (92) forming a gearing of raised portions (80, 82) and recesses (84, 86) preferably parallel to the rear wall (49), and a plate-like or disk-like element (90) with raised portions (94, 96) and recesses (98, 100) of matching structure extending on the area side is arrangeable between the head (45, 145) of the fastening means (42, 142) and the area (92) forming the gearing.

9. Support according to at least claim 8, wherein the element (90) has at least two edges (104, 106) parallel to one another, between which is an off-center circular passage opening (102) passed through by the shank (43, 143) of the fastening element (42, 142).

10. Support according to at least claim 9, wherein the center point (105) of the passage opening (102) is offset at a distance from the center line (103) between the edges (104, 106) which is smaller than the distance between two recesses (84, 86) or raised portions (80, 82) of the area (92) of the holders (22, 24) forming the gearing, the distance between the center point (105) and the center line (103) preferably being smaller than the distance between the recesses (84, 86) or raised portions (80, 82), and preferably approximately ¼ to ½ of said distance.

11. Support according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the sole plate (18) consists of two sections (17, 19) that can be kept at a distance to one another in the longitudinal axis direction.

12. Support according to at least claim 11, wherein the sections (17, 19) positively interlock by at least one projection (21) in the longitudinal direction of the sole plate (18) extending from one of the sections and engaging in a recess (23) provided in the other section, for exclusively axial distance alteration of these sections.

13. Support according to at least claim 1, wherein the elastic element (258, 260) consists of elastomer, preferably a strip-like or block-like element extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail and consisting in particular of rubber, such as chloroprene rubber.

14. Support according to at least claim 13, wherein the elastic element (258, 260) is positively connected to the holders (222, 224), in particular by at least one preferably cylindrical projection with which a recess (274, 276) on the inside (293) of the top wall (250, 252) of the holder is associated.