ARRANGEMENT FOR A VEHICLE AND PROCEDURES

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an arrangement for a vehicle for localizing a mobile device relative to the vehicle. The invention further relates to methods for training the arrangement and for performing the localization.

[0002] It is known from the prior art that vehicles use communication units to communicate with a mobile device. This mobile device serves, for example, for authentication and the activation of vehicle functions. In addition to authentication, it is often necessary to perform a further security check through localization. This includes, for example, measuring the distance between the respective communication unit and the mobile device to ensure that a maximum distance is maintained.

[0003] Document GB 2 496 755 A describes an access system for vehicles.

[0004] The problem that has emerged is that it is often technically complex and costly to ensure accuracy and safety in this security check.

[0005] It is therefore an object of the present invention to at least reduce the aforementioned disadvantages. Preferably, it is an object to propose an improved, in particular more accurate and / or more cost-effective, solution for localization. The aforementioned object is achieved by an arrangement with the features of claim 1, by a method with the features of claim 14, and by a method with the features of claim 15. Further features and details of the invention will become apparent from the respective dependent claims, the description, and the drawings. Features and details described in connection with the arrangement according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the methods according to the invention, and vice versa, so that the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention always makes, or can make, reciprocal references.

[0006] The problem is solved in particular by an arrangement, preferably a communication device arrangement, preferably a communication and / or localization system, for a vehicle for localizing a mobile device relative to the vehicle.

[0007] The vehicle is, for example, a motor vehicle such as a passenger car. It can be an electric vehicle and / or an autonomous (self-driving) vehicle and / or a hybrid vehicle and / or the like. Furthermore, the vehicle can have a passive access system, such as a so-called keyless entry and / or keyless go system. In other words, an identification transmitter, e.g., a mobile device, can be used to activate a safety-relevant vehicle function and / or authenticate the vehicle without active (manual) activation. For this purpose, for example, the vehicle automatically detects the mobile device approaching the vehicle and initiates communication.

[0008] The mobile (i.e., portable) device can be an electronic key and / or mobile phone, in particular a smartphone, and / or tablet and / or computer and / or the like. It is possible that the mobile device has at least one radio interface, such as LF (low frequency) and / or UWB (ultra-wideband), to receive a signal, such as a wake-up signal and / or response signal, from the vehicle and / or vice versa.

[0009] It is particularly intended that the arrangement according to the invention comprises at least one of the following components: at least two communication units, preferably communication devices and / or antennas, each for communication with the mobile device, which are preferably arranged (in particular attached) at different positions on the vehicle in order to determine (each) measurement information about a (in particular current, measured) location of the mobile device based on the (respective) communication, a (in particular electronic) processing device which is designed to locate the mobile device based on the measurement information and / or on arrangement information about the positions of the communication units on the vehicle.

[0010] This has the advantage of providing a particularly reliable and / or cost-effective solution for improving localization accuracy through the use of multiple communication units. The fact that several communication units are available at different positions on the vehicle is particularly advantageous in this regard. A key aspect of the invention is that the (possibly predetermined) arrangement information about the different positions can be used to improve localization.

[0011] The communication units are preferably designed as radio units, preferably as UWB communication units. In other words, the communication units can each be used to conduct radio communication, preferably UWB, with the mobile device. This communication serves, for example, for (contactless) data exchange, in particular authentication data for authentication purposes, such as at least one code. The communication can also be used to perform a security check, e.g., a distance measurement based on the signal propagation time of a radio signal during this communication. It is conceivable that each of the communication units can conduct the communication independently of the other communication units. In other words, the communication units are each designed to perform the communication and, if applicable, also the security check. The security check is, for example, the determination of the measurement information.The measurement information is specific, for example, to the signal propagation time of the communication or radio signal transmitted between the corresponding communication unit and the mobile device. Alternatively or additionally, the measurement information can be specific to a signal strength or similar parameter.

[0012] For example, the location of the mobile device is defined by a specific distance from the vehicle, i.e., from a specific reference point such as a door handle or similar. The location can also be further defined by a direction. Starting from the reference point, localization may therefore involve determining a vector that specifies the direction and distance to the mobile device.

[0013] According to another advantage, the processing device can locate the mobile device using information about the positions of the communication units on the vehicle, for example, by evaluating the measurement information in comparison with the arrangement information. The measurement information can be used to determine, for example, the distance of the mobile device to the individual communication units. The arrangement information, in turn, can be used to determine, for example, the distance and / or the relative location of the individual communication units to each other. The combination of this information makes it possible to significantly improve the accuracy of determining the device's location, i.e., the localization.

[0014] Advantageously, the invention provides that the arrangement information is implemented as information determined based on the at least two positions of the communication units (i.e., previously determined), preferably information about a difference in the positions of the communication units on the vehicle, such as a distance between the communication units and / or an absolute position on the vehicle (such as at a specific door handle, sill, a coordinate of the vehicle geometry, or the like). This arrangement information can then be used to utilize different measurement information from different communication units to perform more precise localization. For example, the processing device is used to calculate, based on the arrangement information, any difference in the measurement information due to the different positions.

[0015] For example, the processing device for localization includes at least one microcontroller and / or integrated circuit and / or the like. In particular, the processing device includes a UWB controller or driver to enable communication as UWB communication.

[0016] Another possibility is that the communication units are each configured as UWB communication units, preferably to conduct communication with the mobile device via UWB. This communication can be short-range radio communication, which utilizes a very wide frequency range. For example, a communication frequency bandwidth of at least 500 MHz is used. This provides particularly reliable communication, which is especially advantageous with regard to circumventing security mechanisms (such as security checks).

[0017] A further advantage can be achieved within the scope of the invention if at least three, four, or five communication units are provided, each with different positions on the vehicle (i.e., arranged at different positions on the vehicle), in order to preferably perform localization by the processing device according to triangulation. For this purpose, for example, a computer program can be used by the processing device which employs trigonometric functions or methods based thereon for localization. This enables particularly accurate angle and / or direction measurement and / or distance determination.

[0018] It is also conceivable that at least three, at least four, at least five, at most six, or at most seven communication units are provided, each with different positions on the vehicle, preferably to increase the accuracy of the localization by the processing device based on the arrangement information about the different positions. For example, the communication units may be originally provided on the vehicle without initially taking the localization according to the invention into account (e.g., several communication units are provided primarily to achieve sufficient communication coverage). In other words, an existing arrangement of the communication units on the vehicle can be used to subsequently enhance it by determining the arrangement information for localization according to the arrangement according to the invention.to use the method according to the invention.

[0019] Furthermore, within the scope of the invention, it is conceivable that the arrangement information is implemented as information that depends on the geometry of the vehicle. Therefore, the arrangement information can also be determined, if necessary, by evaluating a previously known geometry of the vehicle.

[0020] It is further possible that the communication units are each (especially individually) designed, preferably in cooperation with one or at least one other processing device, to determine the measurement information by measuring the time of flight and / or the signal strength during communication, preferably to determine the distance (of the corresponding communication unit) to the mobile device based on the measurement information. Furthermore, it is possible that this measurement information determined by individual communication units enables localization with lower accuracy than the localization performed using the other measurement information and the arrangement information. Accordingly, the localization can optionally be improved if at least one additional measurement information is available.

[0021] It is also conceivable that at least one storage device is provided for temporarily storing the respective measured information and for permanently and / or non-volatilely storing the arrangement information, which is preferably connected to the processing device for reading the measured information and / or the arrangement information. The connection includes, for example, an electrical and / or other type of signal connection. This enables reliable localization.

[0022] Preferably, within the scope of the invention, it may be provided that (at least or exactly) one of the communication units is designed as a master unit in order to preferably determine the measurement information itself and / or to receive at least one further measurement information from the at least one further communication unit, which was preferably determined by the at least one further communication unit.

[0023] Furthermore, within the scope of the invention, it is conceivable that the master unit includes the processing device to locate the mobile device, particularly based on the measurement information it has determined itself and / or on at least one further measurement information received and / or on the arrangement information about the positions of the communication units on the vehicle, preferably to increase the accuracy of individual measurement information for localization. In this way, the "intelligence" for localization can be centrally integrated into one of the communication units, thus providing a compact and adaptable arrangement.

[0024] It is also advantageous if at least one additional communication unit is configured as a slave unit to transmit the acquired measurement information to the master unit. This slave unit can, for example, have a different and / or simpler design than the master unit, e.g., it may not include the processing device for performing localization based on the arrangement information. This allows the additional communication units to be simpler and less expensive than the master unit.

[0025] Within the scope of the invention, it may be provided that each of the communication units is configured to perform its own localization, preferably a distance measurement and / or location determination and / or tracking and / or determination of a maximum distance of the mobile device to the vehicle, wherein the processing device is preferably configured to perform the localization, preferably distance measurement and / or location determination and / or tracking and / or determination of the maximum distance of the mobile device to the vehicle, based on the arrangement information with higher accuracy than the respective individual localizations of the communication units. This may be related to the fact that the vehicle itself is used as a boundary condition to increase accuracy. For this purpose, arrangement information is provided which includes this boundary condition, e.g., dependent on vehicle geometry.

[0026] A further advantage is that each communication unit has at least one antenna, preferably mounted externally on the vehicle and / or directed towards an exterior area of ​​the vehicle. This allows, for example, the localization of the mobile device within the vehicle's exterior, enabling the determination of a maximum distance between the mobile device and the vehicle based on this localization. This reliably reduces the risk of circumventing security checks, such as relay station attacks.

[0027] According to the invention, the processing device and / or at least one further processing device is configured to authorize communication with the mobile device for the activation of at least one vehicle function only if a maximum distance between the mobile device and the vehicle, determined by the localization, is maintained. Preferably, the maximum distance is 1 m to 10 m, more preferably 2 m to 8 m, and particularly preferably 4 m to 6 m. If, however, the maximum distance is not maintained, authorization can be prevented, thus preventing the activation of the vehicle function. The vehicle function is, for example, unlocking the vehicle and should preferably only be possible if the maximum distance is maintained. The maximum distance is maintained, for example, if...this occurs when a (measured actual) distance between a reference point (such as a specific communication unit) of the vehicle and the mobile device is below and / or corresponds to the maximum distance.

[0028] Furthermore, it can be advantageous within the scope of the invention to provide a proximity sensor, preferably in a door handle and / or sill and / or tailgate and / or bumper and / or in a front area of ​​the vehicle, in order to trigger communication and / or the acquisition of the respective measurement information and / or localization upon detection of the approach of an object, preferably a mobile device and / or a user and / or a hand. For this purpose, the proximity sensor is, for example, designed as a capacitive sensor with at least one sensor electrode. This makes it possible to trigger communication (e.g., for authentication) only when needed and thus in an energy-saving manner.

[0029] The invention also relates to a method, preferably a localization method, for localizing a mobile device relative to the vehicle, preferably by an arrangement according to the invention.

[0030] Advantageously, in a method according to the invention, at least one of the following steps can be carried out, wherein the steps are preferably carried out one after the other in the specified order or in any order, and individual steps can optionally be repeated: Determining initial measurement information based on initial communication (e.g., UWB communication) with the mobile device via a first communication unit (on the vehicle), determining at least a second measurement information based on at least a second communication (e.g., UWB communication) with the mobile device via at least a second communication unit (on the vehicle), performing a localization of the mobile device relative to the vehicle based on the first and at least the second measurement information as well as on arrangement information about the positions of the communication units on the vehicle.

[0031] The method according to the invention thus offers the same advantages as those described in detail with reference to an arrangement according to the invention. Furthermore, the first and at least second communication units can be configured according to the communication units of an arrangement according to the invention. The same applies to the measurement information and to the first and at least second communication, which can each be implemented according to an arrangement according to the invention.

[0032] Also protected is a method for teaching an arrangement for a vehicle to locate a mobile device relative to the vehicle, preferably in an arrangement according to the invention and / or for preparing a localization according to a localization method according to the invention.

[0033] Advantageously, in this inventive method for training, at least one of the following steps can be carried out, wherein the steps are preferably carried out one after the other in the specified order or in any order, and individual steps can optionally be repeated: Mounting at least two communication units at different positions on the vehicle, performing a position determination, preferably position measurement of the positions, in order to determine arrangement information about the positions in a mounting state of the communication units, storing the arrangement information in a non-volatile storage device.

[0034] This inventive method for training therefore offers the same advantages as those described in detail with reference to an arrangement according to the invention. Furthermore, the communication units can be configured according to the communication units of an arrangement according to the invention.

[0035] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings. The drawings show: Figure 1 is a schematic top view of a vehicle with an arrangement according to the invention, Figure 2 is a further schematic top view of a vehicle with an arrangement according to the invention, Figure 3 is a further schematic top view of a vehicle with an arrangement according to the invention for visualizing a maximum distance.

[0036] In the following figures, identical reference numerals are used for the same technical features even for different embodiments.

[0037] In Figure 1An arrangement 10 according to the invention is shown, which can be used for a vehicle 1 to locate a mobile device 100 relative to the vehicle 1. A mounting state is shown in which the arrangement 10 according to the invention is integrated into the vehicle 1, i.e., it can be permanently and / or detachably and / or permanently connected to it. The arrangement 10 according to the invention can have at least two (or at least three, if, for example, triangulation is used) communication units 20, 20a, 20b, each for communication with the mobile device 100. The communication units 20 can be designed separately from one another and / or be in signal communication with each other (e.g., electrically or wirelessly connected) and / or be detachably or permanently attached to the vehicle in the mounting state.Furthermore, the communication units 20 can be arranged at different positions on the vehicle 1, and each can determine measurement information about the location of the mobile device 100 based on communication (with the mobile device 100). For example, the communication units 20 are positioned at least 1 cm, at least 10 cm, or at least 100 cm apart on the vehicle 1.

[0038] It is conceivable that the communication primarily serves for data exchange with the mobile device 100. Secondarily, the communication, which is enabled, for example, by a radio signal, can also provide distance measurement or the like. This offers additional security if the communication (e.g., for unlocking the vehicle) can only be used to activate safety-relevant functions (such as unlocking) on ​​the vehicle 1 within a certain distance (maximum distance 120).

[0039] To evaluate the communication based on the measurement information, a processing device 30 can be provided. This is, for example, part of central vehicle electronics or a control unit, or at least one of the communication units 20, and includes, for example, at least one integrated circuit and / or the like. Furthermore, the processing device 30 can be configured to evaluate the measurement information based on arrangement information about the positions of the communication units 20 on the vehicle 1 in order to locate the mobile device 100. Since the communication units 20 are arranged at different locations on the vehicle 1, the respective measurement information differs accordingly. In particular, the respective measurement information is information about the location of the mobile device 100 relative to the communication unit 20 that determined the measurement information.The combination of the determined measurement information can therefore increase the accuracy of the measurement information, but may require that the differences in the positions of the communication units 20 on the vehicle 1 are known. Therefore, the arrangement information is used to utilize these differences to increase accuracy. In other words, the arrangement information can be implemented as information determined from the at least two positions of the communication units 20, preferably information about a difference in the positions of the communication units 20 on the vehicle 1.

[0040] In Figure 1 and 2For example, a first communication unit 20a and a second communication unit 20b are shown. The first communication unit 20a is located in the area of ​​the vehicle roof 9, and the second communication unit 20b is located in the area of ​​a door handle 4. Other possible positions are, for example, on and / or adjacent to a tailgate 2, on a sill 8, on and / or adjacent to a bumper 3, and / or on an edge and / or corner of the vehicle 1. It is possible that the communication units 20 are each configured as UWB communication units 20 in order to conduct UWB communication with the mobile device 100. In this way, the communication units 20 can each conduct communication to exchange information, i.e., data, for example, to authenticate the mobile device 100 between the mobile device 100 and the vehicle 1.A proximity sensor 60 can be located in or within the door handle 4, which detects the approach of a user (possibly with the mobile device 100). If the proximity sensor 60 is designed as a capacitive sensor in the door handle 4, this could be, for example, the user's hand approaching the door handle 4. Reaching into or touching the door handle 4 indicates that the door is to be opened. Therefore, the detection of the approach by the proximity sensor 60 can initiate an authentication process to release the door opening upon successful authentication, e.g., to unlock a locking system of the vehicle 1. If the detection successfully identifies the approach, communication via at least one communication unit 20 can be initiated. For the initiation, a wake-up signal, such as an LF radio signal (LF stands for Low Frequency), can first be transmitted.When this signal is received by mobile device 100, the mobile device 100 responds, for example, by transmitting an initial response signal, e.g., via UWB. This initial response signal can be received by at least one communication unit 20, whereupon the corresponding communication unit 20 and / or other communication units 20 – i.e., vehicle 1 – respond by transmitting a second response signal (e.g., via UWB). This can, in turn, be received by mobile device 100, and a third response signal may be sent to vehicle 1. The first or third response signal may also contain authentication information, such as an authentication code, which is evaluated by vehicle 1 to release or activate a safety-relevant vehicle function (such as unlocking) based on an authentication check and if it matches a specified requirement.Furthermore, an additional security check can be performed based on the communication (i.e., receiving and / or sending response signals). This can involve localization, such as verifying the distance (e.g., a maximum distance of 120) between vehicle 1 and mobile device 100, and / or determining the specific position of the mobile device 100 on vehicle 1. The latter could, for example, relate to distinguishing whether the mobile device 100 is located inside or outside 5 of vehicle 1 (inside / outside detection), or whether the mobile device 100 is attached to a door handle 4 of vehicle 1, and if so, which door handle 4. Only if the check shows that a requirement is met, i.e., the security check is successful, is the authentication check and / or the security-relevant vehicle function released or activated, i.e., authorized. The requirement is, for example...that the actual distance between the vehicle 1 and the mobile device 100 corresponds to or falls below the maximum distance 120, or that the mobile device 100 is located at a maximum distance from a specific door handle 4. To illustrate this principle by way of example, in . Figure 3 It has been shown that the maximum distance 120 to the vehicle 1 is checked. The processing device 30 and / or at least one further processing device 30 can thus be configured to authorize communication with the mobile device 100 for the activation of vehicle functions (including authentication checks) only if the maximum distance 120 of the mobile device 100 to the vehicle 1, determined on the basis of localization, is maintained, wherein the maximum distance 120 is preferably 1 m to 10 m, more preferably 2 m to 8 m, and more preferably 4 m to 6 m.

[0041] To ensure that the security check can be carried out particularly securely and accurately, and to prevent any circumvention measures such as relay station attacks, at least two communication units 20 can be used for improved localization. The first communication unit 20a and the second communication unit 20b, shown as examples, differ in their position: one is located on the vehicle roof 9, and the other on the right-hand exterior door handle 4. If both perform the localization of the mobile device 100 based on their respective communications, different results will occur. For example, the localization is performed by measuring the signal propagation time (in particular, time of flight) of the radio signal used for communication (e.g., UWB signal and / or at least one of the response signals).In other words, the first communication unit 20a can perform an initial measurement of a first distance based on an initial communication between the mobile device 100 and the first communication unit 20a, and the second communication unit 20b can perform a second measurement of a second distance based on a second communication between the mobile device 100 and the second communication unit 20b. The first measurement can, for example, provide initial measurement information to determine the first distance based on this initial measurement information (such as signal propagation time). The second measurement can, for example, provide second measurement information to determine the second distance based on this second measurement information (such as signal propagation time). The first distance is in the in . Figure 1 and 2The arrangement shown is greater than the second distance to the mobile device 100. This difference can be used, if the positions of the communication units 20 on the vehicle are known, to increase the accuracy of the localization of the mobile device 100. The accuracy of the measurement of the first distance and the measurement of the second distance can also be increased, if necessary, by subsequently combining both measurements. Preferably, the different positions of the communication units 20 (i.e., the arrangement information) can be used to calculate the difference in the measured distances and then—only by way of example—an average value can be calculated to increase the accuracy. It becomes clear here that the arrangement information is implemented as information that depends on the geometry of the vehicle 1.

[0042] This principle becomes particularly clear in the variant where at least three communication units 20 are provided, each with different positions on the vehicle 1. In this case, localization can be carried out by the processing device 30 according to triangulation. It is also conceivable, and e.g. in the Figure 1 and 2 In the example shown, it is provided that the communication units 20 are at least three or at least four or at least five or at most six communication units 20, each with different positions on the vehicle 1, in order to increase the accuracy of the localization by the processing device 30 based on the arrangement information about the different positions.

[0043] To enable the permanent use of the arrangement information, at least one storage device 40 may be provided for the temporary storage of the respective determined measurement information and / or for the permanent and / or non-volatile storage of the arrangement information. This storage device 40 is connected to the processing device 30 for the purpose of reading out the measurement information and the arrangement information. The storage device 40 may, for example, have at least one non-volatile electronic data storage device or the like. The processing device 30 and / or the storage device 40 may also be understood as a system comprising separate electronic components distributed throughout the vehicle 1. To determine the arrangement information for the first time, a learning procedure may be performed after the communication units 20 have been installed on the vehicle 1.This includes, for example, a process step in which, after the mounting of at least two communication units 20 at different positions on the vehicle 1, a position measurement of the positions is carried out in order to determine the arrangement information about the positions in a mounting state of the communication units 20. Subsequently, the arrangement information can be stored in a non-volatile storage device 40, e.g. automatically by vehicle electronics, preferably by the processing device 30.

[0044] It may be possible that the storage device 40 and / or the processing device 30 are integrated separately from the communication units 20 into at least one control unit of the vehicle 1 or the like, as in Figure 1 shown. Figure 2In contrast, another possibility is shown in which, alternatively or additionally, the processing device 30 and / or the storage device 40 are integrated into at least one of the communication units 20. The latter variant has the advantage that one of the communication units 20 can be configured as a master unit 50 to determine the measurement information itself and to receive at least one further measurement information from the at least one further communication unit 20, which was determined by the at least one further communication unit 20. Accordingly, the master unit 50 includes the processing device 30 to locate the mobile device 100 based on the measurement information it has determined itself, the at least one further measurement information received, and the arrangement information about the positions of the communication units 20 on the vehicle 1, preferably to increase the accuracy of individual measurement information for localization.However, at least one further communication unit 20 can be configured as a slave unit 51 in order to transmit the measurement information recorded to the master unit 50.

[0045] In Figure 1 It is further evident that the communication units 20 each have at least or exactly one antenna 22, which is attached to the outside of the vehicle 1 and / or directed towards an exterior area 5 of the vehicle 1 in order to carry out the localization of the mobile device 100 in the exterior area 5 of the vehicle 1.

[0046] The preceding explanation of the embodiments describes the present invention exclusively by way of examples. Reference symbol list

[0047] 1 Vehicle 2 Tailgate 3 Bumper 4 Door handle 5 Exterior 8 Sill 9 Vehicle roof 10 Arrangement 20 Communication unit, radio unit, UWB unit 20 first communication unit 20 second communication unit 22 antenna 30 Processing device 40 Storage device 50 Master unit 51 Slave unit 60 Proximity sensor 100 mobile device, identification transmitter, smartphone 120 Maximum distance

Claims

1. Arrangement (10) for a vehicle (1) for localizing a mobile device (100) relative to the vehicle (1), the arrangement (10) comprising : - at least two communication units (20) each for communicating with the mobile device (100), which are arranged at different positions on the vehicle (1) in order to determine measurement information about a location of the mobile device (100) in each case on the basis of the communication, - a processing device (30) which is designed to localize the mobile device (100) on the basis of the measurement information and on the basis of arrangement information about the positions of the communication units (20) on the vehicle (1), characterized in that the processing device (30) and / or at least one further processing device (30) is designed to authorize communication with the mobile device (100) to activate at least one vehicle function only if a maximum distance (120) of the mobile device (100) from the vehicle (1), determined on the basis of the localization, is maintained.

2. Arrangement (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangement information is implemented as information which is determined on the basis of the at least two positions of the communication units (20), preferably information about a difference in the positions of the communication units (20) on the vehicle (1).

3. Arrangement (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the communication units (20) are each designed as a UWB communication unit (20) in order to carry out the communication as a UWB communication with the mobile device (100) and / orin that at least three communication units (20) are provided as the communication units (20), each with different positions on the vehicle (1), in order to carry out the localization by the processing device (30) in accordance with triangulation.

4. Arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least three or at least four or at least five or at most six communication units (20) are provided as the communication units (20), each with different positions on the vehicle (1), in order to increase the accuracy of localization by the processing device (30) on the basis of the arrangement information about the different positions.

5. Arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arrangement information is implemented as information which is dependent on a geometry of the vehicle (1).

6. Arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the communication units (20) are each designed, preferably in each case cooperatively with the or at least one further processing device (30), to determine the measurement information by means of a runtime measurement and / or on the basis of a signal strength during communication, preferably in order to determine a distance to the mobile device (100) in each case on the basis of the measurement information.

7. Arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one storage device (40) is provided for the intermediate storage of the respective determined measurement information and for the non-volatile storage of the arrangement information, which is connected to the processing device (30) for reading out the measurement information and / or the arrangement information by the processing device (30).

8. Arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the communication units (20) is designed as a master unit (50) in order to determine the measurement information itself and in order to receive at least one further piece of measurement information from the at least one further communication unit (20), which was determined by the at least one further communication unit (20), in particular in that the master unit (50) has the processing device (30), in order to localize the mobile device (100) on the basis of the self-determined measurement information and the at least one further received measurement information and on the basis of the arrangement information about the positions of the communication units (20) on the vehicle (1), preferably to increase the accuracy of individual measurement information for localization.

9. Arrangement (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one further communication unit (20) is configured as a slave unit (51) in order to transmit the respectively acquired measurement information to the master unit (50).

10. Arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the communication units (20) is designed to itself perform a respective localization, preferably a distance measurement and / or location determination and / or positioning and / or determination of a maximum distance (120) of the mobile device (100) to the vehicle (1), of the mobile device (100), the processing device (30) being designed for this purpose, to carry out the localization, preferably distance measurement and / or location determination and / or positioning and / or determination of the maximum distance (120) of the mobile device (100) to the vehicle (1), on the basis of the arrangement information with higher accuracy than the respective individual localizations of the communication units (20).

11. Arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the communication units (20) each have at least or exactly one antenna (22), which is attached to the outside of the vehicle (1) and / or is aligned with an external area (5) of the vehicle (1), in order to carry out the localization of the mobile device (100) in the external area of the vehicle (1), so that a maximum distance (120) of the mobile device (100) from the vehicle (1) can be determined on the basis of the localization.

12. Arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the maximum distance (120) is 1 m to 10 m, preferably 2 m to 8 m, particularly preferably 4 m to 6 m.

13. Arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a proximity sensor (60) is provided, preferably in a door handle (4) of the vehicle (1), in order to trigger the communication and / or the recording of the respective measurement information and / or the localization when an object is detected approaching.

14. Method for localizing a mobile device (100) relative to the vehicle (1) by means of an arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the following steps are performed: - determining a first measurement information based on a first communication with the mobile device (100) by a first communication unit (20a), - determining at least a second measurement information by means of at least a second communication with the mobile device (100) by at least a second communication unit (20b), - performing a localization of the mobile device (100) relative to the vehicle (1) using the first and the at least second measurement information and using arrangement information about the positions of the communication units (20) on the vehicle (1).

15. Method for training an arrangement (10) for a vehicle (1) to localize a mobile device (100) relative to the vehicle (1) with an arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims and / or for preparing a localization according to a method according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the following steps are carried out: - mounting of at least two communication units (20) at different positions on the vehicle (1), - performing position determination of the positions to determine arrangement information about the positions in an assembly state of the communication units (20), - storing the arrangement information in a non-volatile memory device (40).