RING SPINNING MACHINE WITH A DEVICE FOR PRODUCEING A THREAD FROM A YARN

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a ring spinning machine with a device for producing a thread from a yarn according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

[0002] Such a ring spinning machine is already known from CN 207 244 082 U. Reference should also be made to CH 556 923.

[0003] EP 2 826 899 B1 discloses another ring spinning machine with a ring rail on which spinning rings are arranged. The spinning rings, together with the moving element, form a ring spinning station, where a thread is produced from a yarn and connected to a rotationally symmetrical body. The rotationally symmetrical body is set in rotation about its own longitudinal axis, for example, via a belt drive, so that the thread is wound onto the body. The respective moving elements in the form of the spinning rings rotate about the longitudinal axis of the body so that the threads do not interfere with each other. The moving element is therefore moved by the thread and thus set in rotation.

[0004] The rotations of the moving elements must be continuously monitored to detect any malfunctions early and shut down the ring spinning machine before complex knotting of the respective threads occurs. A microphone detects the rotation of the actuating element. The microphone generates electrical signals as the moving element passes through, which are then transmitted to a circuit board. Visual indicators are positioned on the circuit board so that they can be recognized from the outside.

[0005] One type of metal detection is known from EP 0 816 870 B1. This metal detector is designed to detect metals in floors, walls, or similar materials. It involves the stationary or local detection of cables in house walls or metals in the subsurface. An oscillator generates sinusoidal alternating fields that are radiated into the existing rear area through which a metallic object is inserted. When the object made of an electrically conductive material is immersed, the magnetic fields change. Such changes in the magnetic fields are measurable and can therefore be evaluated.

[0006] The disadvantages of both known devices and methods for operating a metal detector have been found to be that, on the one hand, they have a very complex structural design and, on the other hand, their production is very cost-intensive, since a large number of high-quality electronic components have to be used.

[0007] It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a ring spinning machine with a device of the type mentioned

[0008] To further develop types in such a way that they work reliably and without disruption in the long term and are also much cheaper to manufacture than the devices that have become known.

[0009] This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

[0010] A further advantageous development of the invention results from the subclaim.

[0011] Because at least two specific coils, each with at least two windings, are arranged on the annular flange, because the coils are coupled to an electrical circuit by which the coils are excited at a constant frequency, and because the moving element is made of an electrically conductive material and brings about an amplitude change in the area of ​​the coils, which is evaluated in the electrical circuit and forwarded to an external electrical device, permanent measurements are created by which the movements or rotations of the moving element are reliably recorded and any possible changes in ambient temperature, air humidity or other environmental influences that influence the oscillation behavior of the coil are immediately compensated for by means of the electrical circuit or the external electrical device.

[0012] The electrical components used are inexpensive and can be purchased as standard, mass-produced items, allowing the resulting circuit to be built with minimal resources. The manufacturing costs for evaluating the rotational behavior of the moving element are therefore kept extremely low.

[0013] In addition, existing ring spinning machines can be retrofitted with such spools and circuits, as these can be provided as a retrofittable kit.

[0014] Furthermore, the electrical circuit provides clear measuring signals to detect disturbances in the operation of the ring spinning machine and to keep these as low as possible through early intervention options.

[0015] The drawing shows an embodiment of the invention, which is explained in more detail below. In detail: Figure 1 shows a schematic structural design of a ring spinning machine, by means of which a thread is produced from a frayed yarn, with a storage container receiving the yarn, with a guide device arranged downstream of the storage container, by means of which the yarn is aligned in the direction of the ring spinning machine, with a rotationally symmetrical body onto which the thread is wound, and with a drive device by means of which the body is driven to rotate around its own longitudinal axis, Figure 2 shows an enlarged section of the ring spinning machine according to Figure 1, to which an annular flange is assigned, which surrounds the rotationally symmetrical body and into which a guideway is incorporated, in which a movement element, in which an opening for receiving the thread is provided, is movably mounted, and with two coils provided on the outside of the guideway, which are electrically coupled to a circuit by means of an electrical coupling, by means of which the coils are excited at a constant frequency, Figure 3 shows a voltage-time diagram, by means of which an amplitude increase is represented, while the movement element according to Figures 1 and 2 passes in the area of ​​the coil, Figure 4 a voltage-time diagram based on the voltage curves according to Figure 3 with a suppressed high frequency, Figure 5 a voltage-time diagram starting from the voltage according to Figure 4 after its reinforcement, Figure 6 a structural design of a printed circuit board as a component of the electrical circuit according to the Figures 1 and 2 , Figure 7 shows a first embodiment of an analogue operating point controller as part of the electrical circuit according to the Figures 1 and 2 , Figure 8 a second embodiment of a partially digitalized operating point controller and signal acquisition for the circuit according to the Figures 1 and 2 Figure 9 shows a third embodiment of a fully digitalized operating point controller and the signal acquisition for the circuit according to the Figures 1 and 2 , Figure 10 a structural design of a motherboard as part of the electrical circuit according to the Figures 1 and 2 for the operation of several coils, Figure 11 a schematic structure of an interface for the operation of several coils by the electrical circuit according to the Figures 1 and 2 , designed as a bus system and Figure 12 the interconnection of several circuits according to Figure 11with an interface on a motherboard.

[0016] In the Figures 1 and 2 a device 1 for producing a thread 2 from a yarn 3 can be seen, which in technical terminology is also referred to as a ring spinning machine 1.

[0017] The yarn 3, as the starting material, has a very frayed surface structure, which is unsuitable for further processing in the textile industry. The ring spinning machine 1 therefore serves to produce the thread 2 from the yarn 3 with a surface structure that is as homogeneous or smooth as possible. For this purpose, the yarn 3 is stored as a continuous web in a storage container 4, which can be transported to the ring spinning machine 1. The ring spinning machine 1 conveys the yarn 3 from the storage container 4, and the surface structure of the yarn 3 is homogenized or smoothed by twisting.

[0018] This is achieved by first picking up the yarn 3 from a guide groove device 5 and transporting it toward a rotationally symmetrical body 6. To optimally align the yarn 3, a spinning triangle 13 is provided in the guide device 5 as a yarn guide, and a ring 15 is spatially arranged downstream of the spinning triangle. The yarn 3 is guided through the ring 14. Thus, both the guide device 5 and the ring 14 form a type of hinge or pivot around which the yarn 3 is twisted or rotated.

[0019] The end of the thread 2 is connected to the rotationally symmetrical body 6 at a fastening point 12. A drive device 11, for example a V-belt, rotates the body 6 about its longitudinal axis, so that the thread 2 connected to the body 6 is wound onto the outer surface of the body 6, which is also referred to as a balloon in technical terminology. This winding process exerts a tensile force on the thread 2 and the yarn 3 connected to it, thereby pulling the thread 2 and the yarn 3 out of the storage container 4 toward the body 6.

[0020] In order to twist the thread 2 after leaving the ring 15 and thus create the most homogeneous surface structure possible, the thread 2 is pulled through an annular thread guide 16 for optimized guidance, which is spatially arranged above the body 6. A ring flange 7 is used at a distance from the thread guide 16, which has a closed guide track 8 surrounding the body 6. The guide track 8 is spaced from the surface of the rotationally symmetrical body 6. A moving element 9 is movably mounted in the guide track 8. The moving element 9 is often referred to as a so-called traveler or runner in technical terminology.

[0021] In the illustrated embodiments, the movement element 9 is ring-shaped. Accordingly, the movement element 9 has an opening 10 through which the thread 2 is guided. In the initial state of the ring spinning machine, the movement element 9 is arranged at the same level as a fastening point 12, so that the first winding of the thread 2 on the body 6 runs in this plane. As soon as a certain number of windings has been achieved on the body 6, the ring flange 7 and thus the movement element 9 can be moved in the direction of the thread guide 16, so that the subsequent windings of the thread 2 are defined over the entire surface of the body 6.

[0022] The rotation of body 6 and the associated rotational movement of thread 2 creates a force exerted by thread 2 on moving element 9, causing moving element 9 to rotate in guide track 8 about the longitudinal axis of body 6. Reverse winding of thread 2 is possible if moving element 9 is driven in guide track 8, for example, magnetically or inductively, and body 6 is stationary. Thread 2 is thus wound around the outer surface of body 6 by moving element 9.

[0023] The rotational movements of the moving element 9 should be measured by at least two coils L1, L2 and an electrical circuit 23 and forwarded to an external electrical device 24 for controlling the coil L1, L2 and for evaluating the rotational movements of the moving element 9.

[0024] The coils L1, L2 each have at least one or a plurality of windings 22, which are energized by the circuit 23 or the external electrical device 24. In the illustrated embodiment, the coils L1, L2 consist of a total of 28 windings 22 to 22 28< and are arranged directly in the vicinity of the movement element 9, namely on the outside of the guide track 8. Thus, the movement element 9, whose material is electrically conductive, influences the oscillation behavior of the coils L1, L2 as soon as the movement element 9 enters or leaves the magnetic field emitted by the coils L1, L2. This constitutes a feedback between the first and second coils L1, L2.

[0025] In particular from Figure 2It is clear how the electrical circuit 23 is constructed, or rather which electrical components it is made of, and how these components are interconnected to evaluate the amplitude changes at the coils L1, L2, which are to be regarded as sensors, for their calibration and permanent adjustment.

[0026] Essentially, circuit 23 consists of an LC oscillator L2, C2, T1, and R3, which are electrically coupled to an inductive feedback loop K via the first coil L1, a demodulator T2, C3, R4, and an amplifier T3 and R5. The electrical components essential to the invention and their interconnection are described in more detail below. The electrical component T1 is the first transistor. Its base, collector, and detector are designated by reference numerals 26, 27, and 28.

[0027] In the circuit 23 of the Figure 2L2 and C2 form a parallel resonant circuit, which is excited by the transistor T1, namely at its collector 27. The first coil L1 with a coupling capacitor C1 is arranged between the voltage supply, which is symbolically marked with a +, and the base 26 of the transistor T1. The arrangement of the coils L1 and L2 creates a feedback K depending on the set operating point AP. The circuit 23 oscillates. The presence of the moving element 9 in the vicinity of the coils L1 and L2 therefore increases this coupling K, resulting in an amplitude increase according to Figure 3 To stabilize the oscillator circuit, the emitter resistor R3 is provided for current feedback.

[0028] With such an amplitude modulation, the high frequency HF is modulated in its amplitude by the feedback K. In this circuit 23 according to the invention, the amplitude modulation is carried out by the moving element 9 and its rotational movements about the longitudinal axis 6'. By the approach of the moving element 9 in the vicinity of the coils L1, L2, the high frequency HF is therefore modulated. The signal levels of the curve NF of the Figure 4 are marked with the reference number 42. The demodulator consists of the transistor T2 and the capacitor C3. This connection creates the curve NF, which is shown in Figure 4 The high frequency HF is no longer part of the NF curve shown there.

[0029] Based on the Figure 4In the curve NF shown, the curve signal NF is amplified by a third transistor T3 in such a way that a higher signal-to-noise ratio is achieved and the movement element 9 can be further processed into a sensor signal 43 at the output A. This is shown schematically in Figure 5 SNR is an abbreviation for Signal-to-Noise Ratio.

[0030] In Figure 6The structure of a printed circuit board 33 for the circuit 23 and for operating the coils L1, L2 can be seen. The components 34 are electrically connected to the coils L1, L2 at a tap 30, which is electrically coupled to the first winding 22 of the coils L1, L2. The printed circuit board 33 has a plurality of conductor tracks 34 arranged one above the other in a space-saving manner. It is possible to arrange additional electrical components, for example, the transistors and coil resistors forming the demodulator, in the various levels of the printed circuit board 33.

[0031] The beginning of the respective coil L1, L2 is marked with the reference number 25 and the end with the reference number 25'.

[0032] The printed circuit board 33 therefore forms a relevant component with the coils L1, L2, so that the distance between the coils L1, L2 and the electrical components measuring and amplifying the amplitude changes are arranged as close as possible to each other.

[0033] Out of Figure 7 The setting of an analog operating point controller is shown. The operating point of the oscillator can be controlled via the AP input using a DC voltage. This allows the oscillator to be adjusted in such a way that feedback is generated and it begins to oscillate, as shown in Figure 3 shown and explained. At this operating point AP, circuit 23 is most sensitive.

[0034] To ensure that circuit 23 is independent of exact distances, temperature and / or humidity changes, the operating point AP can be programmed and thus controlled. These programming options are available via a known analog controller - as is the case with Figure 6 As explained above, this can be implemented using an operational amplifier 35 as the control element and a low-pass filter 36. The optimal operating point AP can be programmed and thus adjusted using a predefined DC voltage as a reference variable. The low-pass filter 36 is necessary because only a DC voltage, without any influence from the electrical circuit 23, is required to control the operating point AP.

[0035] In Figure 8 A partially digitized workstation controller and its signal acquisition are shown as a circuit diagram. For the calibration of circuit 23, the DC voltage component is used as output signal A - as shown in Figure 5shown—filtered out with a low-pass filter 36, and the DC voltage is sampled with an A / D converter 37 in a microcontroller 31. At the same time, the voltage of a D / A output of the microcontroller 31, which is connected to the workstation controller AP of the circuit 23, is varied. As soon as a certain value is reached at the A / D converter 37, the variation of the D / A output voltage is stopped. The circuit 23 is thus calibrated.

[0036] The DC component of the circuit signal A according to Figure 5is suppressed with a high-pass filter 38, and a hardware interrupt 39 is triggered by the pulses generated by the moving element 9. With each hardware interrupt 39, the counter reading of a measuring element 40 is read using suitable algorithms in the microcontroller 31 associated with the external electrical device 24, and the measuring element 40 is then reset to zero. Using the counter reading, a further algorithm can calculate the speed or the number of revolutions per minute of the moving element 9 in the guideway 8.

[0037] Out of Figure 9A circuit diagram for the fully digitalized workstation control and its signal acquisition via DSP is shown. As an alternative to the calibration of the electrical circuit 23 and the signal acquisition of the moving element 9 described above for the partially digitalized workstation control, a digital signal processing unit (DSP) integrated into the specific microcontroller 31 can also be used. The output signal A of the circuit 23 is calculated according to Figure 5 without any upstream analog filtering directly with the A / D converter 37. Using a software program stored in the microcontroller 31 as a low-pass filter or on the basis of mathematical averaging, the DC voltage component of the circuit signal A is Figure 5calculable. At the same time, the voltage at the output of a D / A converter is changed, to which the operating point control AP of circuit 23 is connected. As soon as a certain calculated limit or DC voltage value is reached, the voltage variation is stopped. Circuit 23 is calibrated.

[0038] The software then switches the low-pass filtering to high-pass filtering, thus suppressing the DC voltage components. The algorithm used thus provides the detected signal of the moving element 9, which can then be further evaluated using the software used to determine the speed and rotational speed of the moving element 9. For example, this method can also be used to calculate conclusions about the position or current state of the moving element 9 in the guideway 8 based on the curve shape using artificial intelligence.

[0039] In Figure 10 The design of an interface for connecting several circuits 23 can be seen.

[0040] Since the circuit system according to the invention on the ring spinning machine 1 should be as cost-effective to manufacture as possible, the individual circuits 23 should, if possible, be designed without additional expensive electronic components. Therefore, the control for all circuits 23 used can be combined on the motherboard 33. To control the operating point AP and to evaluate the signals, several circuits 23 can be connected to the microcontroller 31 and can be controlled by it. All circuits 23 connected to the motherboard 33 can be calibrated one after the other using a time slot method, as described in the Figures 7 to 9 Because of the open-collector output of circuits 23, all outputs can be connected to a common A / D converter 37.

[0041] Through Figure 11 a BUS interface for the circuit 23 is visible, as shown for example in Figure 12 This is shown as an example. If the individual circuits 23, for example eight of them, are constructed with different graduated voltage dividers R1 / R2, each of the circuits 23 has a different operating point AP. Consequently, several circuits 23 can be operated using only two lines. This measure saves costs, and the circuits 23 can be installed with less effort. A type of rail system with two interface conductors A and AP is thus possible, whereby the voltage supply "+" can also be integrated into this line system. The ring flange 7 can be used as a common ground (minus).

[0042] Out of Figure 12The microcontroller 31 is connected to an industrial interface. This is indicated by reference numeral 44. In this way, the circuit 23 can be connected to a network and / or a cloud. The data from each ring spinning station 17 is thus evaluated jointly and can be compared with other machine data or with each other.

Claims

1. Ring spinning machine (1) for producing a thread (2) from a yarn (3), consisting of: - a storage container (4) providing the yarn (3), from which the yarn (3) is initially picked up by a guide device (5) associated with the ring spinning machine (1) and conveyed in the direction of a rotationally symmetrical body (6) spaced from the guide device (5), - wherein a type of swivel joint is formed by the guide device (5) and a ring (14) following it spatially, around which the yarn (3) is twisted to produce the thread (2), - and the thread (2) spun from the yarn (3) is wound onto the rotationally symmetrical body (6), - an annular flange (7) surrounding the body (6) and arranged at a distance therefrom, into which a circumferential guide track (8) is incorporated, - a movement element (9) which is movably mounted in the guide track (8) of the annular flange (7) and in which an opening (10) receiving the thread (2) is provided, - and a drive device (11), by means of which the movement element (9) can be moved in the guide track (8), wherein at least two energized coils (L1, L2), each having at least one winding (22, 221, 222 - 22n) are arranged on the ring flange (7) on the outside of the guide track (8) directly in the vicinity of the movement element (9), in that the respective coil (L1, L2) is electrically coupled to a switching circuit (23) by which the respective coil (L1, L2) is excited at a constant frequency, and in that the movement element (9) is made of an electrically conductive material and, in the region of the coils (L1, L2), brings about a change in amplitude by rotation about the longitudinal axis (6') of the rotationally symmetrical body (6) in the vicinity of the coils (L1, L2), which change in amplitude is evaluated in the electrical circuit (23) and is passed on to an external electrical device (24) by which the circuit (23) is supplied with a programmable direct voltage, characterized in that the circuit (23) essentially comprises an LC oscillator consisting of a second coil (L2), a second capacitor (C2), a first transistor (T1) and a third resistor (R3), namely an emitter resistor, wherein in the electrical circuit (23) the second coil (L2) and the second capacitor (C2) form a parallel resonant circuit which is excited by the first transistor (T1) at its collector (27), wherein a first coil (L1) having a coupling capacitor (C1) is arranged between a voltage supply (+) and a base (26) of the first transistor (T1), so that the arrangement of the coils (L1, L2) results in feedback as a function of the set operating point AP, wherein the movement element (9) acts as a modulator and a demodulator (T1, T2) in the form of a second transistor (T2), which is connected to a third capacitor (C3) and a fourth resistor (R4) and is electrically coupled to an amplifier comprising a third transistor (T3) and a fifth resistor (R5), is provided in the electrical circuit (23), by means of which a change in amplitude of the coils (L1, L2) is detected as an electrical voltage or signal, and wherein each of the transistors (T1, T2, T3) has a base (26), a collector (27) and an emitter (28).

2. The ring spinning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the base (26) of the transistor (T1) is electrically connected to the last winding (22n) of the coil (L1, L2) and the collector (27) of the transistor (T2) is electrically connected to the first or second winding (22 or 221) of the coil (L1, L2), and in that a resistor for current feedback or circuit stabilization is connected to the emitter (28) of the transistor (T1).