Galvanic cells and battery modules

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to galvanic cells and battery modules comprising galvanic cells.

[0002] Battery modules typically comprise one or more galvanic cells. Such galvanic cells are often subject to swelling behavior, which is based, among other things, on aging effects and on the intercalation and de-intercalation of ions into the electrodes of the galvanic cells.

[0003] Aging-related growth of the galvanic cells is caused, for example, by gas formation due to chemical decomposition of the electrolyte in the galvanic cells and / or by the growth of an interface layer on the electrodes of the galvanic cells, the so-called "solid electrolyte interphase" (SEI). In this case, winding layers of a cell coil of a galvanic cell can separate from one another (so-called "delamination"). Detachment of the winding layers of a cell coil can be caused, for example, by growth of the winding layers in a direction parallel to the stacking direction of a battery module and / or by growth of the winding layers in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction of a battery module.

[0004] The present invention is based on the object of providing a galvanic cell and / or a battery module comprising a plurality of galvanic cells, which have an increased service life and which are, in particular, simple and cost-effective to produce.

[0005] Relevant prior art with regard to this task is known, for example, from documents EP 2 605 306 A2 and WO 2010 / 130747 A1.

[0006] This problem is solved by the features of the independent device claim.

[0007] Advantageous further training is the subject of the subclaims.

[0008] A galvanic cell according to the invention preferably comprises the following: one or more cell coils; a cell housing comprising a receiving space for receiving the one or more cell coils, wherein the one or more cell coils are received in the receiving space of the cell housing and wherein the cell housing comprises or forms one or more spacer elements.

[0009] The cell housing in particular delimits a receiving space in which the one or more cell coils of a respective galvanic cell are accommodated.

[0010] The galvanic cells mentioned in this description and the appended claims are in particular secondary cells.

[0011] The galvanic cells are therefore preferably rechargeable galvanic cells.

[0012] In a battery module, in particular in a cell stack, preferably a main side of a galvanic cell and / or a cell housing of the galvanic cell faces a main side of another galvanic cell and / or a cell housing of the other galvanic cell.

[0013] A respective galvanic cell and / or a cell housing of a respective galvanic cell preferably comprises two main sides and four secondary sides. The two main sides and / or two secondary sides are preferably arranged on opposite sides of a respective galvanic cell and / or a cell housing of a respective galvanic cell.

[0014] A main side of a respective galvanic cell and / or a cell housing of a respective galvanic cell is understood to mean, in particular, a side which has a larger surface area than the secondary sides of a respective galvanic cell and / or a cell housing of a respective galvanic cell.

[0015] The galvanic cell preferably comprises one or more cell coils ("jelly rolls").

[0016] For example, it is conceivable that the galvanic cell comprises two cell coils each.

[0017] It can be advantageous if the cell coils of the galvanic cell are arranged essentially parallel to each other.

[0018] Preferably, center planes of two cell coils arranged parallel to one another are each arranged parallel to one another.

[0019] A respective cell coil of the galvanic cell preferably comprises two deflection regions in which winding layers of the respective cell coil are deflected, wherein the winding layers have a common winding line in a respective deflection region.

[0020] A winding direction of a respective cell coil preferably runs perpendicular to the common winding lines of the two deflection areas of the respective cell coil.

[0021] A winding layer preferably comprises several layers, for example two electrode layers and two separator layers.

[0022] It can be advantageous if electrode layers and separator layers are arranged alternately in a winding layer.

[0023] A layer sequence in a winding layer of a cell coil is therefore preferably as follows: separator layer, electrode layer, separator layer, electrode layer.

[0024] The electrode layers preferably comprise or are formed from an electrically conductive material, for example aluminum or copper.

[0025] The separator layers preferably comprise or are formed from an electrical insulating material, for example polyethylene and / or polypropylene.

[0026] Within the scope of this description and the appended claims, information relating to the arrangement of winding layers of a respective cell coil of galvanic cells relates in particular to a new condition of a respective cell coil and / or a respective galvanic cell. It is particularly conceivable that, over the lifetime of a galvanic cell or a battery module comprising multiple galvanic cells, minor deviations in the arrangement of the winding layers may occur due to aging phenomena.

[0027] The winding lines of the two deflection regions of a respective cell coil are preferably arranged substantially parallel to each other.

[0028] Cell windings of a galvanic cell are preferably formed axially symmetrically to the common winding line in a deflection region.

[0029] In particular, it is conceivable that the winding layers of the respective cell winding are arranged in a substantially semicircular manner in a respective deflection region in a cross-section taken perpendicular to the common winding line.

[0030] It may be advantageous if the common winding line of winding layers of the respective cell coil forms a common center point of semicircularly arranged winding layers of the cell coil in a respective deflection region of the cell coil in a cross-section taken perpendicular to the common winding line.

[0031] A respective cell coil of a galvanic cell comprises, in particular, several winding layers. The winding layers of the cell coil are preferably arranged substantially parallel to one another.

[0032] The cell coil preferably comprises a winding layer web that forms the winding layers. The winding layers are preferably formed by winding the winding layer web.

[0033] In particular, it is conceivable that a single winding layer web comprises or forms all winding layers of a respective cell coil.

[0034] Winding layers of a respective cell coil are preferably arranged substantially parallel to a center plane of the cell coil in an intermediate region of the cell coil arranged between the two deflection regions of the cell coil.

[0035] It may be advantageous if a cell coil comprises two deflection areas, each deflection area having a common winding line, which is arranged in the center plane of the cell coil.

[0036] A stacking direction of a battery module preferably runs substantially perpendicular to a center plane of cell coils of the galvanic cells of the battery module.

[0037] It may be advantageous if winding layers of a respective cell coil are arranged in the intermediate region of the cell coil substantially perpendicular to a stacking direction of the battery module and / or parallel to a center plane of the cell coil.

[0038] In the respective deflection area of ​​the cell coil, winding layers of the cell coil are preferably deflected, in particular by approximately 180°.

[0039] Cell windings of a galvanic cell of the battery module are preferably flat windings.

[0040] In the context of this description and the appended claims, a flat coil is understood to mean, in particular, a cell coil comprising a plurality of coil layers that are deflected in two deflection regions, wherein an intermediate region of the cell coil is arranged between the two deflection regions of the cell coil, in which coil layers of the cell coil are arranged parallel to a center plane of the cell coil.

[0041] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that the cell housing of the galvanic cell comprises one or more spacer regions and a central region on a main side of the cell housing, in particular on both main sides of the cell housing, wherein the one or more spacer regions protrude away from the central region perpendicular to a center plane of a cell coil of the galvanic cell and each form a spacer element.

[0042] In particular, it can be provided that the cell housing of the galvanic cell comprises on one main side, in particular on both main sides, one or more transition regions which are arranged between the central region and the one or more spacer regions.

[0043] For example, it is conceivable that the one or more spacer regions comprise a surface which is arranged substantially parallel to a surface of the central region of a cell coil of the galvanic cell.

[0044] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that the one or more cell coils of the galvanic cell comprise two deflection regions in which winding layers of the respective cell coil are deflected, wherein the winding layers have a common winding line in a respective deflection region, and / or that the one or more cell coils of the galvanic cell comprise an intermediate region arranged between the two deflection regions.

[0045] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that a cell housing wall of the cell housing of the galvanic cell rests against the cell coil in the intermediate region of a cell coil of the galvanic cell.

[0046] It may be particularly advantageous if at least approximately 70%, in particular at least approximately 90%, of a surface of an intermediate region of a respective cell coil lies completely against the central region of the cell housing wall.

[0047] It may also be advantageous if the central region of the cell housing wall essentially lies with its entire surface against an intermediate region of a respective cell coil.

[0048] For example, it is conceivable that a cell housing wall of the cell housing of a respective galvanic cell is arranged in the central region substantially parallel to a central plane of a cell coil of the galvanic cell.

[0049] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that a cell housing wall of the cell housing of the galvanic cell does not rest against the cell coil in the deflection region of a cell coil of the galvanic cell.

[0050] It may also be advantageous if a cell housing wall of the cell housing of a respective galvanic cell does not rest against a cell coil of the galvanic cell in the one or more spacer regions and / or in the one or more transition regions.

[0051] Preferably, the cell housing wall of the cell housing of a respective galvanic cell is arranged in the one or more spacer regions substantially parallel to a center plane of a cell coil of the galvanic cell.

[0052] One or more spacer elements are formed in particular by one or more projections and / or elevations of a cell housing wall running perpendicular to the stacking direction and / or parallel to a center plane of a cell coil of the galvanic cell, which protrude away from the cell housing wall in the stacking direction of the battery module and / or perpendicular to the center plane of the cell coil.

[0053] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that the one or more spacer regions are arranged on an edge region, in particular on an annularly closed edge region, of a respective main side of the cell housing of a respective galvanic cell.

[0054] For example, it is conceivable that the central area of ​​each main page is surrounded by a ring-shaped closed spacer area.

[0055] The central region forms in particular a recess in a main side of the cell housing of the galvanic cell.

[0056] One or more spacer elements are arranged or formed, in particular, in a circumferential and / or annularly closed edge region of cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells. Preferably, the one or more spacer elements are arranged or formed in an edge region of mutually facing cell housing walls of the cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells of a battery module, which are arranged, in particular, perpendicular to the stacking direction of the battery module and / or parallel to a center plane of a cell coil of the galvanic cell.

[0057] For example, it is conceivable that a cell housing of a galvanic cell is designed to be substantially symmetrical, in particular substantially symmetrical to a plane of symmetry arranged perpendicular to a stacking direction of a battery module and / or parallel to a center plane of a cell coil of a galvanic cell.

[0058] It may also be advantageous if a cell housing of a galvanic cell is designed substantially symmetrically to a plane of symmetry arranged parallel to a stacking direction of a battery module.

[0059] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that the cell housing of the galvanic cell is essentially concave on both main sides

[0060] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that the cell housing of the galvanic cell is substantially concave on one main side and substantially convex on one main side.

[0061] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that the cell housing of the galvanic cell comprises or is formed by a metallic material, for example aluminum.

[0062] The cell housing of the galvanic cell is preferably a so-called "hard case" housing.

[0063] It can be particularly advantageous if the cell housing of the galvanic cell is manufactured by means of a forming process, for example by deep drawing.

[0064] In particular, spacer elements formed by the cell housing of the galvanic cell are manufactured by means of a forming process.

[0065] A cell housing which is produced in a forming process, for example by deep drawing, has in particular a substantially uniform wall thickness.

[0066] Alternatively, it is conceivable that the cell housing of the galvanic cell is manufactured by extrusion.

[0067] It may also be advantageous if the cell housing of the galvanic cell is manufactured by an injection molding process, for example by an injection molding process, in particular from a plastic material.

[0068] A cell housing which is manufactured by extrusion or in an injection moulding process can in particular also have an uneven wall thickness.

[0069] For example, it is conceivable that the cell housing of a respective galvanic cell is a plastic component, in particular a plastic injection-molded component.

[0070] The galvanic cell according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in a battery module which comprises two or more than two galvanic cells according to the invention.

[0071] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells lie directly against one another in the region of the spacer elements formed by the cell housing of the galvanic cells.

[0072] It can be particularly advantageous if cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells only lie directly against one another in certain areas, in particular only in the area of ​​the spacer elements formed by the cell housings of the galvanic cells.

[0073] In the context of this description and the appended claims, directly adjacent cell housings are understood in particular to mean that cell housing walls of the directly adjacent cell housings are either in direct material contact or that only an adhesive film and / or an insulating film is arranged between the two directly adjacent cell housings, which prevents direct material contact of the cell housing walls.

[0074] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells are designed such that cell housing walls of the two adjacent galvanic cells are arranged at a distance from one another by means of the spacer elements formed by the cell housings in an at least partially, preferably in an annularly closed intermediate space delimited by the spacer elements.

[0075] The cell housing walls of the two adjacent galvanic cells preferably do not touch each other in the intermediate space.

[0076] Preferably, the middle regions and / or the transition regions of a respective main side of the cell housing of the two adjacent galvanic cells delimit the intermediate space.

[0077] In particular, it is conceivable that the intermediate space is formed between two adjacent galvanic cells which are substantially concave on the mutually facing main sides of the cell housings of the two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0078] Alternatively, it is conceivable that the intermediate space is formed between two adjacent galvanic cells, wherein a first of the mutually facing main sides of the cell housings of the two adjacent galvanic cells is substantially concave and wherein a second of the mutually facing main sides of the cell housings of the two adjacent galvanic cells is substantially convex.

[0079] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that one or more additional elements are arranged in the intermediate space, for example one or more compensation elements, one or more propagation protection elements, one or more sensor elements and / or one or more temperature control elements.

[0080] For example, it is conceivable that sensor elements arranged in the intermediate space comprise or are formed by temperature sensors, strain sensors and / or pressure sensors.

[0081] A propagation protection element of a battery module includes, for example: a phyllosilicate, in particular mica, vermiculite and / or expanded graphite; basalt; a ceramic material; and / or a silicone mat with an endothermic filler material.

[0082] Preferably, a propagation protection element has a thermal conductivity of at most approximately 1 W / m*K, in particular of at most approximately 0.3 W / m*K, preferably of at most approximately 0.1 W / m*K, in a direction parallel to a stacking direction of a battery module.

[0083] It may be advantageous if a propagation protection element has a heat resistance of at least approximately 600 °C, for example a heat resistance of at least approximately 800 °C.

[0084] By means of one or more tempering elements arranged in the intermediate space, the galvanic cells adjacent to the intermediate space can preferably be tempered, for example cooled.

[0085] Preferably, heat can be dissipated from the intermediate space by means of one or more tempering elements arranged in the intermediate space.

[0086] The one or more tempering elements arranged in the intermediate space are preferably designed for the active tempering of the galvanic cells adjacent to the intermediate space and / or for the passive tempering of the galvanic cells adjacent to the intermediate space.

[0087] For the purposes of this description and the appended claims, active temperature control is understood to mean, in particular, temperature control based essentially on convection, in particular forced convection. Active temperature control is preferably implemented by a temperature control fluid flowing under external mechanical influence, in particular by a temperature control liquid flowing under external mechanical influence.

[0088] In the context of this description and the appended claims, passive temperature control is understood to mean, in particular, temperature control which is essentially achieved by heat conduction.

[0089] By means of one or more propagation protection elements arranged in the intermediate space, propagation of a thermal runaway of a galvanic cell can preferably be delayed and / or prevented.

[0090] Compensation elements are deformable, for example compressible, in a direction parallel to a stacking direction of a battery module, preferably due to an expansion of cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0091] By means of one or more compensation elements, delamination of cell windings of a respective galvanic cell can preferably be limited or prevented.

[0092] The one or more compensation elements comprise, for example, a foam material or are formed by it.

[0093] In the as-delivered state of a battery module, the cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells are preferably prestressed in the stacking direction of the battery module by means of compensation elements arranged in the intermediate space. In particular, this allows for a prestressing force to be achieved that preferably counteracts any expansion of the cell housings of the two adjacent galvanic cells, particularly due to aging.

[0094] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that two adjacent galvanic cells are or can be positioned in a clear orientation relative to one another in a stacking direction of the battery module by means of one or more spacer elements formed by the cell housing of the galvanic cells.

[0095] In particular, the spacer elements formed by the cell housing of the galvanic cells provide a positioning aid.

[0096] For example, it is conceivable that mutually facing cell housing walls of cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells each comprise one or more projections or elevations designed as spacer elements and recesses corresponding to the projections or elevations on the main sides of the cell housing.

[0097] It may be advantageous if the projections or elevations and the recesses are arranged on the main sides of the cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells in such a way that the galvanic cells can only be positioned in one orientation relative to one another in the stacking direction of the battery module.

[0098] A galvanic cell according to the invention preferably comprises the following: one or more cell coils; a cell housing comprising a receiving space for receiving the one or more cell coils; one or more compensation elements, wherein the one or more cell coils are accommodated in the receiving space of the cell housing and wherein the one or more compensation elements are arranged in the receiving space of the cell housing.

[0099] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that the one or more compensation elements are compressible, in particular perpendicular to a main side of the cell housing and / or perpendicular to a center plane of a cell coil of the galvanic cell.

[0100] Preferably, a swelling behavior of two adjacent galvanic cells can be easily compensated by means of the compensation elements arranged in the receiving space.

[0101] A plurality of galvanic cells comprising compensation elements arranged within the cell housings of the galvanic cells are thus preferably easy to assemble in a stacking direction of a battery module, in particular easy to clamp together.

[0102] Preferably, a defined load of one or more cell windings of a respective galvanic cell can be realized at each charge state and / or at each ageing state of the galvanic cell.

[0103] In particular, a load on one or more cell coils of a respective galvanic cell can be realized independently of one or more of the following factors: a stiffness of a cell housing of the galvanic cell; tension forces acting on the cell housing of the galvanic cell, in particular tension forces acting on the cell housing parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module; a growth of one or more cell coils of the galvanic cell.

[0104] A main side of the cell housing is arranged in a battery module comprising a plurality of galvanic cells, preferably perpendicular to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0105] The one or more compensation elements are preferably elastically compressible. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the one or more compensation elements are plastically compressible.

[0106] By means of the one or more compensation elements, growth of the one or more cell coils of a galvanic cell can preferably be compensated over the service life of the galvanic cell, in particular in a direction running perpendicular to a main side of the cell housing of the galvanic cell.

[0107] Preferably, by means of the one or more compensation elements arranged in the cell housing of a galvanic cell, a growth of the one or more cell coils of the galvanic cell can be compensated in such a way that a cell housing of the galvanic cell has, in a direction perpendicular to a main side of the cell housing, at an end of the service life of the galvanic cell, a height which corresponds substantially to the height of the cell housing of the galvanic cell in a delivery state of the galvanic cell.

[0108] Preferably, due to one or more compensation elements arranged within the cell housing of the galvanic cell, a change in the external dimensions of the galvanic cell due to a growth of cell coils of the galvanic cells can be limited or prevented.

[0109] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that the one or more compensation elements, in a delivery state of the galvanic cell, have a thickness perpendicular to a center plane of a cell coil of the galvanic cell such that the one or more compensation elements arranged within the cell housing of the galvanic cell and cell coils arranged within the cell housing essentially completely fill a receiving space of the cell housing perpendicular to the center plane of the cell coil of the galvanic cell.

[0110] In particular, cavities within the cell housing, in particular parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module, can be prevented by means of one or more compensation elements arranged within a cell housing of a respective galvanic cell.

[0111] Preferably, delamination of cell windings of a respective galvanic cell can thus be limited or prevented.

[0112] Preferably, an optimal operating state of the galvanic cell can be set over the entire product life of the cell by means of one or more compensation elements arranged within a cell housing of a respective galvanic cell.

[0113] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that the one or more compensation elements comprise a compressible material or are formed from a compressible material.

[0114] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, the compressible material is a foam material.

[0115] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that one or more of the compensation elements arranged in the receiving space of the cell housing are arranged between two adjacent cell coils of the galvanic cell.

[0116] In particular, one or more compensation elements arranged within the cell housing of the galvanic cell are arranged in a stacking direction between two adjacent cell coils of the galvanic cell.

[0117] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that one or more of the compensation elements arranged in the receiving space of the cell housing are arranged between a cell housing wall of the cell housing and a cell coil of the galvanic cell, in particular with respect to a direction running perpendicular to a center plane of the cell coil.

[0118] It may be advantageous if one or more compensation elements arranged in the receiving space of the cell housing are arranged between a cell housing wall of a main side of the cell housing and a cell coil of the galvanic cell.

[0119] One or more of the compensation elements arranged in the receiving space of the cell housing are arranged in particular between a cell housing wall of the cell housing running perpendicular to a stacking direction of a battery module and a cell coil of the galvanic cell.

[0120] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that one or more compensation elements are arranged between cell housing walls of two main sides of the cell housing of the galvanic cell and one or more cell coils arranged within the cell housing.

[0121] In particular, one or more compensation elements are arranged between a cell housing wall of a first main side of the cell housing and a cell coil of the galvanic cell.

[0122] Preferably, one or more compensation elements are further arranged between a cell housing wall of a second main side of the cell housing and a cell coil of the galvanic cell.

[0123] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that a compensation element arranged between two adjacent cell coils of the galvanic cells and / or a compensation element arranged between a cell housing wall of the cell housing and a cell coil of the galvanic cell has a width parallel to a winding direction of the cell coil which corresponds at least approximately to the width of an intermediate region of the cell coil.

[0124] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, one or more of the compensation elements arranged in the receiving space of the cell housing are arranged within one or more cell coils of the galvanic cell.

[0125] Winding layers of a respective cell coil are preferably wound around a compensation element each.

[0126] Preferably, by winding winding layers of a respective cell coil around a compensation element, it can be prevented that the winding layers are deflected directly in the area of ​​a common winding line.

[0127] In particular, a deflection radius can be increased by winding layers of a respective cell coil around a compensation element.

[0128] Preferably, a deflection radius in a deflection region of a cell coil is at least approximately 0.5 mm, in particular at least approximately 1 mm, for example at least 1.5 mm.

[0129] Preferably, the service life of the galvanic cell can be extended.

[0130] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that a compensation element of the galvanic cell arranged within a cell coil is arranged substantially parallel to a center plane of the respective cell coil.

[0131] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that a compensation element of the galvanic cell arranged within a cell coil has a width parallel to a winding direction of the cell coil which essentially corresponds to the width of an intermediate region of the cell coil.

[0132] A compensation element of the galvanic cell arranged within a cell coil preferably has a width parallel to the winding direction of the cell coil which at most corresponds approximately to the width of an intermediate region of the cell coil.

[0133] In particular, it is conceivable that one or more compensation elements are arranged within all cell windings of a respective galvanic cell.

[0134] Preferably, by means of one or more compensation elements which are arranged within one or more cell coils of the galvanic cell, a growth of a respective cell coil, in particular in a direction running perpendicular to a center plane of a cell coil, can be compensated in such a way that the galvanic cell at the end of its service life has, in the direction running perpendicular to a center plane of the cell coil, a height which corresponds substantially to the height of the galvanic cell in a delivery state thereof.

[0135] In one embodiment of the galvanic cell, it is provided that one or more of the compensation elements arranged in the receiving space of the cell housing have a height in a direction running parallel to a common winding line of a cell coil which substantially corresponds to a height of the one or more cell coils of the galvanic cell.

[0136] Preferably, the one or more cell coils of the galvanic cell each have a substantially identical height in a direction running parallel to a common winding line of a cell coil.

[0137] The galvanic cell according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in a battery module which comprises two or more than two galvanic cells according to the invention.

[0138] A battery module according to the invention preferably comprises the following: two or more than two galvanic cells, each comprising one or more cell coils; one or more spacer elements, wherein one or more spacer elements are arranged between two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0139] It can be advantageous if a battery module forms an accumulator module.

[0140] Preferably, the galvanic cells of the battery module are arranged along a stacking direction.

[0141] Galvanic cells of the battery module arranged along a stacking direction form, in particular, a cell stack.

[0142] It can be advantageous if the galvanic cells of the battery module are arranged in alignment with one another along the stacking direction.

[0143] Preferably, one or more spacer elements are arranged between mutually facing cell coils of two galvanic cells adjacent in a stacking direction in the stacking direction.

[0144] The galvanic cells are preferably arranged next to one another in a stacking direction with a main side thereof and / or with a main side of a cell housing of a respective galvanic cell.

[0145] Preferably, cell coils of two adjacent galvanic cells facing one another are each arranged at a distance from one another by means of one or more spacer elements, in particular in a stacking direction.

[0146] By means of one or more spacer elements arranged between two adjacent galvanic cells, a predetermined distance between the two adjacent galvanic cells can preferably be set.

[0147] It may be advantageous if, by means of the one or more spacer elements, an expansion of a respective galvanic cell, in particular of a cell housing of the respective galvanic cell, which is based on gas formation due to chemical decomposition of the electrolyte of the galvanic cell, can be substantially prevented and if an expansion of a respective galvanic cell, in particular of a cell housing of the respective galvanic cell, which is based on growth of the one or more cell coils of the galvanic cell, is nevertheless permitted.

[0148] In this case, it is preferably conceivable that, by limiting the expansion of a respective galvanic cell due to gas formation, delamination of the cell windings of the galvanic cell can be prevented. In particular, aging of the galvanic cell can be delayed.

[0149] Preferably, the one or more spacer elements can be used to reduce pressure on the cell windings of a respective galvanic cell of the battery module, preferably in the region of the common winding lines of two deflection regions of a cell winding. In particular, a decrease in capacity of the galvanic cells of the battery module can be reduced. It may also be advantageous to prevent mechanical overloading of the cell windings of the galvanic cells by means of the one or more spacer elements.

[0150] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that a respective cell coil of the galvanic cells of the battery module comprises two deflection regions in which winding layers of the respective cell coil are deflected, wherein the winding layers have a common winding line in a respective deflection region.

[0151] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the one or more spacer elements are each arranged and / or designed in such a way that, in a stacking direction of the battery module, the spacer elements can be used to prevent the introduction of force into the one or more cell coils of a respective galvanic cell, in particular in the region of a winding line of a respective deflection region of the one or more cell coils.

[0152] By means of the one or more spacer elements, a force flow in a stacking direction of the battery module can preferably be guided in such a way that in the stacking direction preferably no force is exerted on a winding line of a respective deflection region of the one or more cell coils.

[0153] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that a force flow between adjacent galvanic cells in a stacking direction of the battery module takes place exclusively or to at least approximately 75%, in particular to at least approximately 85%, preferably to at least approximately 95%, via the one or more spacer elements.

[0154] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the galvanic cells are prismatic cells, in particular essentially cuboid-shaped cells.

[0155] In particular, it is conceivable that the galvanic cells are designed according to the PHEV2 format.

[0156] It may be advantageous if a cell housing of a respective galvanic cell is prismatic, in particular essentially cuboid-shaped.

[0157] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that each galvanic cell comprises a cell housing in which the one or more cell coils of a respective galvanic cell are arranged.

[0158] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that one or more spacer elements are arranged between cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0159] In particular, one or more spacer elements are arranged between mutually facing cell housing walls of cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0160] For example, it can be provided that in a stacking direction of the battery module, several spacer elements are arranged one behind the other between cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0161] Alternatively, it is conceivable that in a stacking direction of the battery module only a single spacer element is arranged between cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0162] It may also be advantageous if several spacer elements are arranged next to one another perpendicular to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0163] For example, it is conceivable for one or more spacer elements to be applied, for example, sprayed, to a cell housing of one of the two adjacent galvanic cells using an application device. It may also be advantageous for one or more spacer elements to be applied, for example, sprayed, to both cell housings of the two adjacent galvanic cells using an application device.

[0164] In particular, it is conceivable that spacer elements comprising or being formed from a plastic material, for example silicone and / or polyurethane, are applied to the cell housings by means of the application device.

[0165] For example, it is conceivable that a bead and / or nubs made of a plastic material are applied, for example sprayed, onto the cell housings by means of the application device as spacer elements.

[0166] In particular, it is conceivable that plastic material applied to the cell housing by means of the application device is applied directly or indirectly to the cell housing.

[0167] Plastic material applied indirectly to the cell housing is applied in particular to an insulation film which is applied directly to a cell housing wall of the respective cell housing and / or is connected to it.

[0168] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that one or more spacer elements, which are arranged between cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells, are arranged on a main side of the respective cell housings.

[0169] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that one or more spacer elements arranged between two cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells each comprise or form a frame element and / or an intermediate element.

[0170] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that a respective frame element delimits an interior space surrounded by the frame element and the two adjacent cell housings at least in some regions, for example at least on two sides.

[0171] By means of a frame element of a respective spacer element, a predetermined distance between two adjacent galvanic cells can preferably be determined, in particular on an edge region of the main sides of the respective cell housings of the galvanic cells facing one another.

[0172] For example, it is conceivable that exactly one frame element is arranged between two cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0173] It may be advantageous, for example, for each frame element to surround the gap on at least three sides. For example, it is conceivable for each frame element to be essentially U-shaped.

[0174] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that a respective frame element comprises the following: two support webs arranged parallel to one another and / or parallel to a common winding line of a deflection region of a cell coil of a galvanic cell; and / or one or more connecting webs, wherein the two support webs are connected by means of the one or more connecting webs.

[0175] Support webs and / or connecting webs of a respective frame element preferably run along an edge region of a respective main side of the two adjacent cell housings.

[0176] Preferably, support webs and / or connecting webs of the frame element do not have a sharp edge on a side of the frame element that is adjacent to a cell housing.

[0177] In particular, it can be provided that edges of support webs and / or connecting webs of the frame element are rounded on a side of the frame element adjacent to a cell housing.

[0178] Preferably, stress peaks and / or edge marks on the cell housing can be avoided.

[0179] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that each frame element is designed to be annularly closed.

[0180] A ring-shaped closed frame element preferably comprises two supporting webs and two connecting webs.

[0181] The two support webs are preferably arranged substantially parallel to each other.

[0182] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the two support webs and / or the one or more connecting webs have a substantially constant width transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to a main direction of extension thereof.

[0183] Alternatively, it is possible for the two support webs and / or the one or more connecting webs to have a width that varies transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to a main direction of extension thereof.

[0184] In particular, an inner profile of the frame element can be adapted to the swelling behavior of the two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0185] A main extension direction of the two support webs and / or the one or more connecting webs runs in particular perpendicular to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0186] Preferably, a main extension direction of the two support webs runs parallel to a common winding line of a deflection region of a cell winding of a galvanic cell.

[0187] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the width of the two support webs essentially corresponds to the width of the one or more connecting webs.

[0188] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the width of the two support webs is different from the width of the one or more connecting webs.

[0189] It may be advantageous, for example, if the width of the one or more connecting webs is greater by a factor of at least approximately 1.5 than the width of the two supporting webs, for example by a factor of at least approximately 2.

[0190] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the width of the two support webs corresponds approximately to a sum of a wall thickness of a cell housing wall of a cell housing of a galvanic cell, a distance of a cell coil to the cell housing wall of the cell housing and a width of a deflection region of a cell coil.

[0191] The dimensions mentioned above preferably refer to a direction running parallel to a winding direction of a cell coil and / or perpendicular to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0192] Preferably, a width of a deflection region of a cell coil corresponds substantially to half a thickness of a cell coil parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0193] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that a projection of a respective support web of a frame element, in particular of a region of the support web adjacent to a cell housing of a galvanic cell, along the stacking direction onto a projection plane arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction has a distance from a projection of a respective common winding line of a deflection region of a cell winding of a galvanic cell.

[0194] Preferably, the projection of the support web, in particular of the region of the support web adjacent to the cell housing, is spaced from the projection of the common winding line in a direction parallel to a winding direction, in particular outwards.

[0195] The projection of the region of the support web adjacent to the cell casing preferably does not overlap the projection of the common winding line.

[0196] It may also be advantageous if a projection of an intermediate element along the stacking direction onto a projection plane arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction is at a distance from a projection of a respective common winding line of a deflection region of a cell winding of a galvanic cell.

[0197] Preferably, the projection of the intermediate element is spaced from the projection of the common winding line in a direction parallel to a winding direction, in particular inwards.

[0198] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the support webs of the frame element and / or the connecting webs of the frame element have a constant thickness in a direction running parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0199] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the support webs of the frame element and / or the connecting webs of the frame element have a locally varying thickness in a direction running parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0200] For example, it is conceivable that the support webs and / or the connecting webs of the frame element have a first thickness in corner regions in which the support webs and the connecting webs are connected to one another.

[0201] Preferably, the support webs and / or the connecting webs of the frame element have a second thickness between each two corner regions.

[0202] The first thickness may in particular be greater than the second thickness, for example by a factor of 2.

[0203] Preferably, a maximum thickness of the frame element, in particular of the support webs and / or the connecting webs, parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module corresponds to at least approximately 5%, in particular at least approximately 7.5%, for example at least approximately 10%, of a height of a cell housing of the galvanic cell in the stacking direction.

[0204] If the support webs and / or the connecting webs of the frame element have a greater thickness in corner areas than outside the corner areas, a force flow between adjacent galvanic cells in a stacking direction can occur essentially via particularly stiff areas of the cell housings of the galvanic cells.

[0205] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the intermediate element is arranged in the interior.

[0206] It can be advantageous if the intermediate element is arranged completely in the interior.

[0207] For example, it is conceivable that the intermediate element fills the interior space in a direction perpendicular to a stacking direction of the battery module to at least approximately 50%, for example to at least approximately 75%, preferably to at least approximately 95%, in particular completely.

[0208] Alternatively, it is conceivable for the intermediate element to be arranged only partially within the interior space. Preferably, the frame element and the intermediate element overlap at least partially in the stacking direction.

[0209] For example, it is conceivable for the intermediate element to completely overlap the frame element, with the exception of corner areas where support webs and connecting webs of a frame element are connected to each other. Preferably, the intermediate element forms a compensation element that is compressible parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0210] It may also be advantageous if the spacer element does not comprise or form an intermediate element.

[0211] For example, it is conceivable that only gas, such as air, is arranged in the interior.

[0212] It may also be advantageous if one or more additional elements are arranged in the interior space, for example one or more compensation elements, one or more propagation protection elements, one or more sensor elements and / or one or more temperature control elements.

[0213] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the frame element is formed in one part or in several parts, for example in two parts.

[0214] A multi-part frame element, for example, comprises several frame element parts.

[0215] It can be advantageous if frame element parts can be connected to one another in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner, for example by means of a plug-in connection.

[0216] By means of a plug-in connection, for example, two L-shaped frame element parts can be connected to one another in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner, in particular for producing a ring-shaped closed frame element.

[0217] For example, it is conceivable that the frame element comprises only two support webs. Preferably, each support web forms a frame element part.

[0218] It may also be advantageous if the frame element comprises two frame element parts which are substantially T-shaped in a cross-section taken perpendicular to a common winding line of a deflection region of a cell coil of a galvanic cell.

[0219] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that two spacer elements, in particular two frame elements, are arranged between cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0220] Preferably, a spacer element is arranged on the cell housing of the two adjacent galvanic cells on opposite main sides of a cell housing of a respective galvanic cell.

[0221] Parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module, an order is preferably as follows: spacer element, galvanic cell, spacer element, spacer element, galvanic cell, spacer element, spacer element, galvanic cell, spacer element, spacer element, galvanic cell, etc.

[0222] In particular, two frame elements are each placed onto a galvanic cell, in particular onto the cell housing of the galvanic cell.

[0223] The two frame elements encompass the respective galvanic cell, in particular the cell housing of the galvanic cell, each at least approximately in a C-shape.

[0224] The two frame elements preferably each comprise an at least approximately C-shaped receiving section in which a cell housing of a galvanic cell is at least partially received parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0225] The two frame elements preferably each comprise two support webs and two connecting webs. The two frame elements are preferably closed in a ring shape.

[0226] In particular, it can be provided that the two frame elements preferably each comprise two or more than two, for example four, fastening projections which protrude away from the two support webs and / or the two connecting webs parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0227] Preferably, a fastening projection, in particular a fastening web, projects away from a support web and / or from a connecting web parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0228] Preferably, a length of the fastening webs corresponds substantially to a length of the support webs and / or connecting webs, in particular parallel to a main extension direction of the support webs and / or connecting webs.

[0229] The fastening projections and / or fastening webs preferably surround a cell housing on four sides.

[0230] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the frame element is connected to the intermediate element at least in some areas, in particular by a material bond.

[0231] For example, it is conceivable that the frame element is made in one piece with the intermediate element.

[0232] A spacer element which comprises or forms the frame element and the intermediate element is, for example, a one-piece injection-molded component.

[0233] For example, it is conceivable that the intermediate element is only connected to the frame element in the area of ​​two support webs.

[0234] It can be advantageous if the intermediate element is not connected to the frame element in the area of ​​two connecting webs.

[0235] Alternatively, it is conceivable for the intermediate element to be connected to the frame element in a closed ring shape. The intermediate element thereby forms, in particular, a cover element.

[0236] An intermediate element forming a cover element, for example, has a constant thickness parallel to a stacking direction. An intermediate element forming a cover element preferably has a smaller thickness parallel to a stacking direction than a frame element.

[0237] In particular, it is conceivable that the spacer element has a material weakening in a connecting region in which the frame element is integrally connected to the intermediate element.

[0238] Alternatively or in addition to a material connection of the frame element and the intermediate element, it is conceivable that the frame element and the intermediate element are connected to each other in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner.

[0239] Alternatively, it is conceivable that the frame element is not connected to the intermediate element.

[0240] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the frame element and the intermediate element comprise different materials or are formed from different materials.

[0241] In one embodiment of the battery module, the intermediate element forms a deformable compensation element.

[0242] For example, it is conceivable that an intermediate element designed as a deformable compensation element comprises or is formed from a rubber material.

[0243] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the compensation element is compressible parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0244] An intermediate element designed as a compressible compensation element comprises in particular a compressible material, for example a foam material, or is formed from this.

[0245] The compressible material of an intermediate element designed as a compressible compensation element is, for example, elastically or plastically compressible.

[0246] An intermediate element designed as a compressible compensation element has, for example, a maximum thickness parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module in a new state thereof, which corresponds to a maximum thickness of the frame element.

[0247] Alternatively, it is conceivable that an intermediate element designed as a compressible compensation element is prestressed between two adjacent cell housings parallel to the stacking direction of the battery module in a delivery state of the battery module.

[0248] For example, it is conceivable for an intermediate element designed as a compressible compensation element to be multilayered in the stacking direction. In particular, the intermediate element designed as a compensation element can be adapted to the swell behavior of two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0249] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the compensation element comprises one or more deformation elements.

[0250] For example, it is conceivable that the intermediate element designed as a deformable compensation element comprises one or more deformation webs which form the deformation elements.

[0251] It can be advantageous if a deformation web has a U-shaped or V-shaped cross-section.

[0252] In particular, it is conceivable that a deformation web of an intermediate element designed as a deformable compensation element is connected to two connecting webs of a frame element.

[0253] Preferably, deformation webs of an intermediate element designed as a deformable compensation element are arranged substantially parallel to support webs of the frame element.

[0254] It may also be advantageous if the intermediate element designed as a deformable compensation element comprises a plurality of deformable knobs which form the deformation elements.

[0255] Preferably, the deformable knobs are essentially circular-cylindrical.

[0256] Preferably, the deformable nubs protrude from a base plate parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module, in particular on both sides of the base plate.

[0257] Preferably, individual or multiple deformable knobs have a different cross-sectional shape and / or a different diameter, in particular in a cross-section taken perpendicular to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0258] It can be advantageous if the deformable knobs are arranged in several rows and / or several columns.

[0259] For example, it is conceivable that deformable knobs arranged in a column each have an identical cross-sectional shape and / or an identical diameter.

[0260] Furthermore, it is conceivable, for example, that individual or several deformable knobs arranged in a row have a different cross-sectional shape and / or a different diameter.

[0261] Preferably, the intermediate element designed as a deformable compensation element can be adapted to a swelling behavior of the two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0262] In particular, the deformation resistance of the deformable knobs can be adjusted by adjusting their diameter.

[0263] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that an edge region of a spacer element, in particular a ring-shaped closed edge region, is formed in multiple layers, wherein the multi-layer edge region forms a frame element.

[0264] In particular, it is conceivable that the spacer element comprises a compressible material, for example a foam material.

[0265] The compressible material can be, for example, elastically or plastically compressible.

[0266] It can be advantageous if the compressible material in the multi-layer edge area is consolidated by leveling and / or compacting

[0267] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that a respective spacer element, in particular a respective frame element and / or a respective intermediate element, comprises or is formed from a metallic material, a paper material or a plastic material.

[0268] For example, it is conceivable that a respective spacer element, in particular a respective frame element and / or a respective intermediate element, comprises or is formed from silicone or polyurethane.

[0269] It may also be advantageous if a respective spacer element, in particular a respective frame element and / or a respective intermediate element, comprises or is formed from a fiber-reinforced plastic material, for example glass fiber-reinforced polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) or glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene (PP).

[0270] Alternatively, it is conceivable that a respective spacer element, in particular a respective frame element and / or a respective intermediate element, comprises a foam material or is formed from it.

[0271] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that a force flow between adjacent galvanic cells in a stacking direction of the battery module takes place exclusively or to at least approximately 75%, in particular to at least approximately 85%, preferably to at least approximately 95%, via the frame element of the one or more spacer elements.

[0272] Preferably, a force flow in a stacking direction of the battery module thus occurs essentially via the frame elements.

[0273] It can be advantageous if galvanic cells of the battery module are clamped along a stacking direction.

[0274] For example, it can be provided that all galvanic cells of the battery module are arranged in a stacking direction between two end plates, wherein the two end plates are clamped along the stacking direction by means of one or more clamping elements, so-called "tie rods".

[0275] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that a spacer element, in particular a frame element, arranged between cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells is integrally connected, in particular glued, to the cell housings of the two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0276] In this case, it is particularly conceivable that the frame element is materially connected, in particular glued, to an electrical insulation film which is applied directly to a cell housing wall of the cell housing and / or connected to this.

[0277] Alternatively or in addition to a material connection of the spacer element arranged between cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells, in particular the frame element, a force-fitting and / or form-fitting connection with one of the two cell housings can also be provided.

[0278] For example, it is conceivable that the spacer element arranged between two adjacent galvanic cells, in particular the frame element, is connected to one of the two cell housings in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner by means of an electrical insulation film, for example by the spacer element, in particular the frame element, being fixed to the cell housing by wrapping the electrical insulation film around the cell housing.

[0279] If the spacer element, in particular the frame element, is connected to one of the two cell housings in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner by means of an electrical insulation film, it can be provided that the spacer element, in particular the frame element, is temporarily fastened to a cell housing wall of the cell housing, for example by means of an adhesive material, before the cell housing is wrapped with the electrical insulation film.

[0280] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the spacer element arranged between cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells, in particular a frame element of the spacer element, is glued to the cell housings of the two adjacent galvanic cells by means of an adhesive film which is arranged between a main side of a cell housing of a respective galvanic cell and the spacer element, in particular the frame element.

[0281] It can be particularly advantageous if the adhesive film forms a propagation protection element.

[0282] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that all spacer elements of the battery module arranged between two cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells are of identical design.

[0283] Preferably, all frame elements arranged between two cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells are of identical design.

[0284] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the frame element and / or the intermediate element each comprise or form a tempering element.

[0285] The frame element and / or the intermediate element are preferably designed for active temperature control and / or for passive temperature control.

[0286] By means of the frame element and / or by means of the intermediate element, heat can preferably be dissipated from the two adjacent galvanic cells between which the spacer element is arranged.

[0287] It may also be advantageous if heat can be supplied to the two adjacent galvanic cells, between which the spacer element is arranged, by means of the frame element and / or by means of the intermediate element.

[0288] It may be advantageous if the frame element and / or the intermediate element each comprise one or more heat-conducting elements which protrude away from the frame element and / or the intermediate element in a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0289] For example, it is conceivable that the spacer element, in particular the frame element and / or the intermediate element, has an anisotropic thermal conductivity.

[0290] A thermal conductivity of the spacer element, in particular of the frame element and / or of the intermediate element, in a stacking direction of the battery module is preferably smaller than a thermal conductivity thereof perpendicular to the stacking direction of the battery module.

[0291] Preferably, the spacer element, in particular the frame element and / or the intermediate element, is designed as a thermal insulator in a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0292] It may also be advantageous if the spacer element, in particular the frame element and / or the intermediate element, is designed as a heat conductor perpendicular to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0293] In one embodiment of the battery module, it is provided that the battery module comprises a battery module housing in which the galvanic cells of the battery module are arranged.

[0294] The battery module according to the invention preferably has one or more of the features and / or advantages described in connection with the galvanic cells according to the invention.

[0295] The galvanic cells according to the invention preferably further comprise one or more of the features and / or advantages described in connection with the battery module according to the invention.

[0296] The present invention further relates to a method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell.

[0297] The present invention is based on the further object of providing a method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell, by means of which spacer elements can be attached to a galvanic cell in a simple and cost-effective manner.

[0298] This problem is solved by the features of the independent method claim.

[0299] The method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell preferably comprises the following: Providing a galvanic cell comprising one or more cell coils; applying one or more spacer elements made of a castable, sprayable and / or printable material to a cell housing of the galvanic cell.

[0300] In one embodiment of the method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell, it is provided that the one or more spacer elements are applied to the cell housing of the galvanic cell by means of one or more of the following application methods: by means of a casting process; by means of an injection molding process; by means of a printing process.

[0301] The casting process is, for example, a slip casting process or a foil casting process.

[0302] In one embodiment of the method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell, it is provided that the one or more spacer elements are applied to the cell housing of the galvanic cell by means of one or more of the following printing methods: using a screen printing process; using a stencil printing process.

[0303] In one embodiment of the method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell, it is provided that the castable, injectable and / or printable material comprises a base material and spacer particles arranged in the base material.

[0304] Preferably, the spacer particles are applied together with the base material to the cell housing of the galvanic cell.

[0305] The spacer particles, for example, are essentially spherical.

[0306] It may be advantageous if the spacer particles have a diameter in the range of approximately 0.5 mm to approximately 1.5 mm.

[0307] For example, it is conceivable that the spacer particles are glass beads.

[0308] The spacer particles preferably have a higher compressive strength than the base material.

[0309] In one embodiment of the method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell, it is provided that one or more propagation protection elements and / or one or more compensation elements made of a castable, sprayable and / or printable material are applied to the cell housing of the galvanic cell.

[0310] In one embodiment of the method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell, it is provided that the one or more spacer elements are applied to the cell housing of the galvanic cell using an application device.

[0311] It may be advantageous if the application device comprises an application nozzle through which sprayable and / or printable material can be applied to the cell housing of the galvanic cell.

[0312] Preferably, the application device further comprises a conveying device by means of which the sprayable and / or printable material can be fed to an application nozzle of the application device.

[0313] The conveying device is, for example, a gear dosing device.

[0314] In one embodiment of the method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell, it is provided that the one or more spacer elements are applied to the cell housing of the galvanic cell with a locally varying thickness.

[0315] In one embodiment of the method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell, it is provided that the one or more spacer elements are applied directly or indirectly to the cell housing of the galvanic cell.

[0316] If the one or more spacer elements are applied directly to the cell housing of the galvanic cell, they are in particular applied directly to a cell housing wall of the cell housing.

[0317] If the one or more spacer elements are applied indirectly to the cell housing of the galvanic cell, they are preferably applied to an electrical insulation film arranged on a cell housing wall of the cell housing.

[0318] In one embodiment of the method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell, it is provided that several layers of the castable, sprayable and / or printable material are applied successively to the cell housing of the galvanic cell.

[0319] In one embodiment of the method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell, it is provided that the pourable, injectable and / or printable material comprises or is formed by polyurethane and / or silicone.

[0320] In one embodiment of the method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell, it is provided that a bead and / or knobs are applied, for example sprayed, to the cell housing of the galvanic cell as spacer elements.

[0321] In one embodiment of the method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell, it is provided that the castable, sprayable and / or printable material is applied to the cell housing of the galvanic cell using a stencil.

[0322] The present invention further relates to a method for producing a battery module, which comprises: Providing two or more than two galvanic cells to which spacer elements are attached by the inventive method for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell; stacking the galvanic cells along a stacking direction.

[0323] Preferably, the galvanic cells are stacked along the stacking direction such that the cell housings of two adjacent galvanic cells are spaced from each other by means of the spacer elements applied thereto.

[0324] The method according to the invention for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell preferably has one or more of the features and / or advantages described in connection with the battery modules and / or galvanic cells according to the invention.

[0325] The galvanic cells and / or battery modules according to the invention preferably further comprise one or more of the features and / or advantages described in connection with the method according to the invention for attaching spacer elements to a galvanic cell.

[0326] Further features and / or advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawings of exemplary embodiments.

[0327] The drawings show: Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective exploded view of the embodiment of the battery module from Fig. 1 ; Fig. 3 a schematic perspective view of a spacer element of the embodiment of the battery module from Fig. 1; Fig.4 a schematic sectional view of a galvanic cell and a spacer element of the embodiment of the battery module from Fig. 1 ; Fig. 5 a schematic sectional view of two adjacent galvanic cells and a spacer element arranged between the two adjacent galvanic cells of the embodiment of the battery module from Fig. 1; Fig. 6 a schematic perspective representation of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 7 a schematic perspective representation of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 8 a schematic perspective representation of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 9 a schematic perspective representation of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 10 a schematic perspective representation of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 11 a schematic perspective representation of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module;Fig. 12 is a schematic sectional view of two adjacent galvanic cells and two spacer elements arranged between the two adjacent galvanic cells of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 14 is a schematic sectional view of a section along the line XIV-XIV in . Fig. 13 ; Fig. 15a sectional view from Fig. 14 corresponding sectional view of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 16 a sectional view of Fig. 14corresponding sectional view of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 17 a schematic sectional view of a galvanic cell and a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 18 a schematic perspective view of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 19 a schematic sectional view of a section along the line XIX-XIX in Fig. 18 ; Fig. 20 a schematic perspective view of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 21 a schematic sectional view of a section along the line XXI-XXI in Fig. 20 ; Fig. 22 a schematic perspective view of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 23 a schematic perspective exploded view of the spacer element of Fig. 22; Fig. 24 a schematic plan view of the spacer element from Fig. 22 when looking in the direction of arrow 24 in Fig. 22 ; Fig. 25 a schematic sectional view of a section along the line XXV-XXV in Fig. 24 ; Fig. 26a sectional view from Fig. 25 corresponding sectional view, wherein a frame element and / or an intermediate element of the spacer element are deformed; Fig. 27 a schematic perspective view of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 28 a schematic sectional view of a galvanic cell and a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 29 a schematic perspective view of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 30 a schematic sectional view of a section along the line XXX-XXX in Fig. 29; Fig. 31 a schematic perspective view of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 32 a schematic sectional view of a section along the line XXXII-XXXII in Fig. 31 ; Fig. 33 a schematic perspective view of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 34 a schematic sectional view of a section along the line XXXIV-XXXIV in Fig. 33 ; Fig. 35 a schematic perspective view of a spacer element of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 36 a schematic sectional view of a section along the line XXXVI-XXXVI in Fig. 35; Fig. 37 a schematic perspective view of a galvanic cell of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 38 a schematic perspective view of a galvanic cell of a further embodiment of a battery module; Fig. 39 a schematic perspective partially sectioned view of an embodiment of a galvanic cell; Fig. 40 a schematic sectional view of two galvanic cells according to the embodiment of Fig. 37; Fig. 41 a schematic sectional view of three galvanic cells according to a further embodiment; Fig. 42 a schematic sectional view of three galvanic cells according to a further embodiment; Fig. 43 a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of a galvanic cell; Fig. 44 a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of a galvanic cell; and Fig. 45 a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of a galvanic cell.

[0328] Identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures.

[0329] Figure 1 shows a battery module designated as a whole with 100.

[0330] The battery module 100 preferably comprises two or more than two galvanic cells 102.

[0331] The galvanic cells 102 are preferably arranged along a stacking direction of the battery module 100, which in Fig. 1 is marked by an arrow 104.

[0332] The galvanic cells 102 of the battery module 100 arranged along the stacking direction 104 form in particular a cell stack.

[0333] In the Fig. 1 to 36 In the embodiments of a battery module shown, the galvanic cells 102 are preferably designed according to the PHEV2 format.

[0334] The galvanic cells 102 are preferably prismatic cells, in particular substantially cuboid-shaped cells.

[0335] Preferably, the galvanic cells 102 each comprise a cell housing 106.

[0336] It may be advantageous if the galvanic cells 102 of the battery module 100 are clamped along the stacking direction 104.

[0337] For example, it can be provided that all galvanic cells 102 of the battery module 100 are arranged in the stacking direction 104 between two end plates not shown in the drawing, wherein the two end plates are connected by means of several clamping elements 108, which are arranged in Fig. 1 are shown only schematically by means of dashed lines, are clamped along the stacking direction 104. The clamping elements 108 are, for example, so-called "tie rods".

[0338] The battery module 100 preferably comprises a battery module housing, not shown in the drawings, in which the galvanic cells 102 of the battery module 100 are arranged.

[0339] A respective galvanic cell 102 preferably comprises two cell coils 110 ("jelly rolls"), which, for example, are arranged in the Fig. 4 and 5 are shown.

[0340] The cell housing 106 of a respective galvanic cell 102 preferably comprises or forms a receiving space 112.

[0341] It may be advantageous if the two cell coils 110 of a respective galvanic cell 102 are accommodated in the receiving space 112.

[0342] The galvanic cells 102 of the battery module are preferably secondary cells. The galvanic cells 102 are thus preferably rechargeable galvanic cells 102.

[0343] The battery module 100 thus forms in particular an accumulator module.

[0344] A respective galvanic cell 102 and / or a cell housing 106 of a respective galvanic cell 102 preferably comprise two main sides 114 and four secondary sides 116. The two main sides 114 and / or two secondary sides 116 are preferably arranged on opposite sides of a respective galvanic cell 102 and / or a cell housing 106 of a respective galvanic cell 102.

[0345] In particular, a main side 114 of a galvanic cell 102 and / or of a cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102 faces a main side 114 of a further galvanic cell 102 and / or of a cell housing 106 of the further galvanic cell 102.

[0346] It may be advantageous if the two cell coils 110 of the galvanic cells 102 are arranged substantially parallel to one another.

[0347] The cell windings 110 of a galvanic cell 102 of the battery module 100 are preferably flat windings.

[0348] A respective cell winding 110 of the galvanic cells 102 of the battery module 100 comprises in particular several winding layers.

[0349] Preferably, winding layers of a respective cell winding 110 are arranged substantially parallel to one another.

[0350] The cell coil 110 preferably comprises a winding layer web that forms the winding layers. The winding layers are preferably formed by winding the winding layer web. In particular, it is conceivable for a single winding layer web to comprise or form all of the winding layers of a respective cell coil 110.

[0351] A respective cell coil 110 of a galvanic cell 102 preferably comprises two deflection regions 118 in which winding layers of the respective cell coil 110 are deflected, wherein the winding layers have a common winding line 120 in a respective deflection region 118.

[0352] In the respective deflection region 118 of the cell coil 110, winding layers of the cell coil 102 are preferably deflected, in particular by approximately 180°.

[0353] The winding lines 120 of the two deflection regions 118 of a respective cell coil 110 are preferably arranged substantially parallel to one another.

[0354] In particular, a respective cell winding 110 of the galvanic cells 102 is formed in a deflection region 118 axially symmetrical to the common winding line 120.

[0355] In particular, it is conceivable that the winding layers of the respective cell winding 110 are arranged in a substantially semicircular manner in a respective deflection region 118 in a cross-section taken perpendicular to the common winding line 120.

[0356] Winding layers of a respective cell coil 110 are arranged in an intermediate region 122 of the cell coil 110 arranged between the two deflection regions 118 of the cell coil 110, preferably substantially parallel to a center plane of the cell coil 110 not shown in the drawings.

[0357] It may be advantageous if the common winding line 120 of a respective deflection region of a cell coil is arranged in the center plane of a cell coil 110.

[0358] The stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 preferably runs substantially perpendicular to a center plane of the cell coils 110 of the galvanic cells 102 of the battery module 100.

[0359] It may be advantageous if the common winding line 120 of winding layers of the respective cell coil 110 forms a common center point of semicircularly arranged winding layers of the cell coil 110 in a respective deflection region 118 of the cell coil 110 in a cross section taken perpendicular to the common winding line 120.

[0360] A winding direction of a respective cell coil 110, represented by an arrow 124, preferably runs perpendicular to the common winding lines 120 of the two deflection regions 118 of the respective cell coil 110 and in particular perpendicular to the stacking direction 104.

[0361] A winding layer of a respective cell winding 110 preferably comprises several layers, for example two electrode layers and two separator layers.

[0362] It can be particularly advantageous if electrode layers and separator layers are arranged alternately in a winding layer.

[0363] A layer sequence in a winding layer of a cell coil 110 is thus preferably as follows: separator layer, electrode layer, separator layer, electrode layer.

[0364] The electrode layers preferably comprise or are formed from an electrically conductive material, for example aluminum or copper.

[0365] The separator layers preferably comprise or are formed from an electrical insulating material, for example polyethylene and / or polypropylene.

[0366] The Fig. 1 to 5 The illustrated embodiment of a battery module 100 preferably further comprises a plurality of spacer elements 126.

[0367] Preferably, the Fig. 1 to 5In the embodiment of a battery module 100 shown, a spacer element 126 is arranged between two adjacent galvanic cells 102, in particular between the cell housings 106 of the two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0368] Preferably, mutually facing cell coils 110 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 are each arranged at a distance from one another in the stacking direction 126 by means of a spacer element 126.

[0369] By means of the spacer elements 126, a predetermined distance between two adjacent galvanic cells 102 can preferably be set.

[0370] Preferably, by means of the spacer elements 126, an expansion of the galvanic cells 102, in particular of the cell housings 106 of the galvanic cells 106, which is based on gas formation due to chemical decomposition of the electrolyte, is substantially prevented.

[0371] Preferably, by means of the spacer elements 126, an expansion of the galvanic cells 102, in particular of the cell housings 106 of the galvanic cells 102, which is based on a growth of the cell coils 110 of the galvanic cells 102, is nevertheless permitted.

[0372] In this case, it is preferably conceivable that, due to the limitation of expansion of the galvanic cells 102, which is based on gas formation, delamination of the cell coils 110 of the galvanic cells 102 can be prevented. In particular, aging of the galvanic cells 102 is thereby delayed.

[0373] Preferably, pressure on the cell coils 110 of the galvanic cells 102 of the battery module 100 can be reduced by means of the spacer elements 126. In particular, a decrease in capacity of the galvanic cells 102 of the battery module 100 can be reduced. It may also be advantageous if mechanical overloading of the cell coils 110 of the galvanic cells 102 is avoided by means of the spacer elements 126.

[0374] The spacer elements 126 are preferably arranged and / or designed such that a force introduction into the cell coils 110 of the galvanic cells 102 in the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 can be avoided, in particular in the region of a common winding line 120 of the deflection regions 118 of the cell coils 110.

[0375] By means of the spacer elements 126, a force flow in the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 can preferably be guided in such a way that preferably no force is exerted on a common winding line 120 of the deflection regions 118 of the cell coils 110 in the stacking direction.

[0376] The Fig. 2 and 5 show that a spacer element 126 is arranged between mutually facing cell housing walls 132 of the cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102.

[0377] The spacer elements 126 are in particular each arranged on a main side 114 of the cell housings 106.

[0378] In the Fig. 1 to 5 In the illustrated embodiment of a battery module 100, the spacer elements 126 preferably each comprise or form only one frame element 134.

[0379] By means of the frame elements 134, a predetermined distance between two adjacent galvanic cells 102 can preferably be determined, in particular at an edge region of the mutually facing main sides 114 of the respective cell housings 106 of the galvanic cells 102.

[0380] The frame elements 134 are preferably each formed in one piece.

[0381] In particular, all frame elements 134 of the battery module 100 arranged between two cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 are of identical design.

[0382] Fig. 5 shows a force flow through the frame elements 134, which is marked by a solid line 128.

[0383] A force flow therefore preferably does not occur essentially along the dashed line 130 in Fig. 5 .

[0384] It may be advantageous if a force flow between adjacent galvanic cells 102 in the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 occurs essentially via the frame elements 134.

[0385] Preferably, a force flow between adjacent galvanic cells 102 in the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 occurs exclusively or to at least approximately 75%, in particular to at least approximately 85%, preferably to at least approximately 95%, via the frame elements 134.

[0386] The frame elements 134 preferably comprise or are formed from a fiber-reinforced plastic material, for example glass fiber reinforced polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) or glass fiber reinforced polypropylene (PP).

[0387] Preferably, a frame element 134 arranged between cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 is integrally connected, in particular glued, to the cell housings 106 of the two adjacent galvanic cells 102.

[0388] In this case, it is particularly conceivable that the frame element 134 is materially connected, in particular glued, to an electrical insulation film (not shown in the drawing), which is applied directly to a cell housing wall 132 of the cell housing 106 and / or is connected thereto.

[0389] A respective frame element 134 is preferably bonded to the cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 by means of an adhesive film 136, which is arranged between a main side 114 of a cell housing 106 of a respective galvanic cell 102 and the frame element 134.

[0390] The frame elements 134 preferably each delimit an interior space 138 surrounded by a frame element 134 and two adjacent cell housings 106.

[0391] In the Fig. 1 to 5 In the embodiment of the battery module 100 shown, preferably only gas, for example air, is arranged in the interior space 138.

[0392] The frame element 134 preferably comprises two support webs 140 and two connecting webs 142.

[0393] Preferably, the two support webs 140 are arranged parallel to each other and / or parallel to a common winding line 120 of a deflection region 118 of a cell coil 110 of a galvanic cell 102.

[0394] It may be advantageous if the two support webs 140 are connected by means of the two connecting webs 142.

[0395] The frame elements 134 are preferably formed in a closed ring shape.

[0396] The two support webs 140 are preferably arranged substantially parallel to each other.

[0397] It may also be advantageous if the connecting webs 142 are arranged substantially parallel to one another.

[0398] Preferably, the support webs 140 and / or the connecting webs 142 of a respective frame element 134 run along an edge region of a respective main side 114 of two adjacent cell housings 106.

[0399] It may be advantageous if the support webs 140 and / or the connecting webs 142 of the frame elements 134 do not have a sharp edge on a side of the frame element 134 that abuts a respective cell housing 106.

[0400] In particular, it can be provided that edges of the support webs 140 and / or the connecting webs 142 of the frame element 134 are rounded on a side of the frame element 134 adjacent to a respective cell housing 106.

[0401] Preferably, stress peaks and / or edge marks on the cell housing 106 can be avoided.

[0402] The two support webs 140 and / or the two connecting webs 142 preferably have a substantially constant width 144 perpendicular to a main extension direction thereof.

[0403] For example, it is conceivable that the width 144 of the two support webs 140 essentially corresponds to the width 144 of the two connecting webs 142.

[0404] The width 144 of the two support webs 140 of a frame element 134 preferably corresponds approximately to a sum of a wall thickness 150 of the cell housing wall 132 of a cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102, a distance 152 of a cell coil 110 to the cell housing wall 132 of the cell housing 106 and a width 154 of a deflection region 118 of a cell coil 102.

[0405] Preferably, the width 154 of a deflection region 118 of a cell coil 110 corresponds substantially to half of a thickness 156 of a cell coil 110 parallel to a stacking direction of the battery module.

[0406] The dimensions mentioned above preferably refer to a direction running parallel to the winding direction 124 of a cell coil 102 and / or perpendicular to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100, in particular measured in a center plane of a respective cell coil 102.

[0407] The main extension direction of the two support webs 140 and / or the two connecting webs 142 runs in particular perpendicular to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 102.

[0408] The main extension direction of the two support webs 140 preferably runs parallel to a common winding line 120 of a deflection region 118 of a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cells 102.

[0409] It may be advantageous if the support webs 140 of the frame element 134 and / or the connecting webs 142 of the frame element 134 have a constant thickness 146 in a direction parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100.

[0410] Preferably, a maximum thickness 146 of the frame element 134, in particular of the support webs 140 and / or the connecting webs 142, corresponds to at least approximately 5%, in particular at least approximately 7.5%, for example at least approximately 10%, of a height 148 of a cell housing 106 of the galvanic cells 102 in the stacking direction 104.

[0411] It may be advantageous if a projection of a respective support web 140 of a frame element 134, in particular of a region of the support web 140 adjacent to the cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102, along the stacking direction 104 onto a projection plane arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction 104 has a distance from a projection of a respective common winding line 120 of a deflection region 118 of a cell coil 110 of a galvanic cell 102.

[0412] Preferably, the projection of the support web 140, in particular of the region of the support web 140 adjacent to the cell housing 106, is spaced parallel to a winding direction 124 from the projection of the common winding line 120, in particular outwards.

[0413] The projection of the region of the support web 140 adjacent to the cell housing 106 preferably does not overlap the projection of the common winding line 120.

[0414] One in Fig. 6The spacer element 126 shown, in particular a frame element 134, of an embodiment of a battery module 100 differs from that shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the frame element 134 is formed in several parts, in particular in two parts.

[0415] The frame element 134 comprises in particular two frame element parts 158.

[0416] The two frame element parts 158 can preferably be connected to one another in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner, for example by means of a plug connection not shown in the drawing.

[0417] The two frame element parts are, for example, L-shaped and can be connected to one another to produce a ring-shaped closed frame element 134.

[0418] Incidentally, this is true in Fig. 6The spacer element 126 shown, in particular the frame element 134, of the embodiment of a battery module 100 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0419] One in Fig. 7 The spacer element 126 shown, in particular a frame element 134, of an embodiment of a battery module 100 differs from that shown in Fig. 6 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the frame element 134 essentially comprises only two support webs 140.

[0420] Preferably, each support web 140 forms a frame element part 158.

[0421] The two frame element parts 158 are preferably substantially T-shaped in a cross-section taken perpendicular to a common winding line 120 of a deflection region 118 of a cell coil 110 of a galvanic cell 102.

[0422] The two frame element parts 158 each comprise stop elements 160 arranged perpendicular to the support webs.

[0423] It may be advantageous if the stop elements 160 for positioning the frame element parts 158 can be applied to a side side 116 of a cell housing 106 of a respective galvanic cell 102.

[0424] Incidentally, this is true in Fig. 7 The spacer element 126 shown, in particular the frame element 134, of the embodiment of a battery module 100 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in Fig. 6illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0425] One in Fig. 8 The spacer element 126 shown, in particular a frame element 134, of an embodiment of a battery module 100 differs from that shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the frame element 134 comprises only a single connecting web 142.

[0426] In particular, the frame element 134 is not a ring-shaped closed frame element 134.

[0427] The frame element 134 is preferably substantially U-shaped and surrounds the interior space 138 preferably on at least three sides.

[0428] Incidentally, this is true in Fig. 8The spacer element 126 shown, in particular the frame element 134, of the embodiment of a battery module 100 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0429] One in Fig. 9 The spacer element 126 shown, in particular a frame element 134, of an embodiment of a battery module 100 differs from that shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the width 144 of the two support webs 140 is different from the width 144 of the two connecting webs 142.

[0430] The width 144 of the two connecting webs 142 is, for example, greater by a factor of at least approximately 1.5 than the width 144 of the two supporting webs 140, for example by a factor of at least approximately 2.

[0431] Incidentally, this is true in Fig. 9 The spacer element 126 shown, in particular the frame element 134, of the embodiment of a battery module 100 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0432] One in Fig. 10 The spacer element 126 shown, in particular a frame element 134, of an embodiment of a battery module 100 differs from that shown in the Fig. 1 to 5illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the support webs 140 and / or the connecting webs 142 of the frame element 134 have a locally varying thickness 146 in a direction parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100.

[0433] The support webs 140 and / or the connecting webs 142 of the frame element 134 preferably have a first thickness 146a in corner regions 162 in which the support webs 140 and the connecting webs 142 are connected to one another.

[0434] Preferably, the support webs 140 and / or the connecting webs 142 of the frame element 134 have a second thickness 146b between each two corner regions 162.

[0435] Preferably, the first thickness 146a is greater than the second thickness 146b, for example by a factor of 2.

[0436] Since the support webs 140 and / or the connecting webs 142 of the frame element 134 have a greater thickness 146a in the corner regions 162 than outside the corner regions 162, a force flow between adjacent galvanic cells 102 in the stacking direction 104 can preferably take place essentially via particularly rigid regions of the cell housings 106 of the galvanic cells 102.

[0437] Incidentally, this is true in Fig. 10 The spacer element 126 shown, in particular the frame element 134, of the embodiment of a battery module 100 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0438] One in Fig. 11The spacer element 126 shown, in particular a frame element 134, of an embodiment of a battery module 100 differs from that shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the two support webs 140 and / or the two connecting webs 142 have a varying width 144 perpendicular to a main extension direction thereof.

[0439] Preferably, an inner profile of the frame element 134 can be adapted to a swelling behavior of two adjacent galvanic cells 102.

[0440] Incidentally, this is true in Fig. 11 The spacer element 126 shown, in particular the frame element 134, of the embodiment of a battery module 100 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in the Fig. 1 to 5illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0441] One in Fig. 12 The embodiment of a battery module 100 shown differs from that shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that a plurality of spacer elements 126, in particular a plurality of frame elements 134, are arranged one behind the other in the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100.

[0442] In particular, two spacer elements 126, in particular two frame elements 134, are arranged between cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102.

[0443] It may be particularly advantageous if a spacer element 126, in particular a frame element 134, is arranged on the cell housings 106 of the two adjacent galvanic cells 102 on the main sides 114 of a cell housing 106 of a respective galvanic cell 102 facing away from one another.

[0444] Parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100, a sequence is preferably as follows: spacer element 126, galvanic cell 102, spacer element 126, spacer element 126, galvanic cell 102, spacer element 126, spacer element 126, galvanic cell 102, spacer element 126, spacer element 126, galvanic cell 102, etc.

[0445] Preferably, two frame elements 134 are each slipped onto a galvanic cell 102, in particular onto the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0446] The two frame elements 134 encompass the respective galvanic cell 102, in particular the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102, at least approximately in a C-shape.

[0447] The two frame elements 134 preferably each comprise an at least approximately C-shaped receiving section in which a cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102 is at least partially received parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 102.

[0448] The two frame elements 134 preferably also each comprise two support webs 140 and two connecting webs 142 and are preferably also closed in a ring shape.

[0449] It may be advantageous if the two frame elements 134 each comprise two or more than two, for example four, fastening projections 164 which protrude parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 102 from the two support webs 140 and / or the two connecting webs 142.

[0450] Preferably, a fastening projection 164, in particular a fastening web 166, projects parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 102 from a support web 140 and / or from a connecting web 142.

[0451] Preferably, a length of the fastening webs 166 substantially corresponds to a length of the support webs 140 and / or connecting webs 142, in particular parallel to a main extension direction of the support webs 140 and / or connecting webs 142.

[0452] The fastening projections 164 and / or fastening webs 166 preferably surround a cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102 on four sides.

[0453] Preferably, the two frame elements 134 can be easily plugged onto mutually opposite main sides 114 of a cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102. In particular, the cell housing 106 with the frame elements 134 arranged thereon can then be easily positioned in a battery module housing.

[0454] Furthermore, the Fig. 12 illustrated embodiment of a battery module 100 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to the above description thereof in this respect.

[0455] One in the Figs. 13 and 14 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIGS. Fig. 1 to 5illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the spacer element 126 comprises or forms an intermediate element 168.

[0456] In the Figs. 13 and 14 In the spacer element 126 shown, the frame element 134 is preferably not connected to the intermediate element 168.

[0457] The intermediate element 168 is preferably arranged in the interior space 138, in particular completely.

[0458] For example, it is conceivable that the intermediate element 168 fills the interior space 138 in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 to at least approximately 50%, for example to at least approximately 75%, preferably to at least approximately 95%, in particular completely.

[0459] Preferably, the frame member 134 and the intermediate member 168 comprise different materials or are formed from different materials.

[0460] For example, it is conceivable that the intermediate element 168 forms a deformable compensation element 170.

[0461] For example, it is further conceivable that an intermediate element 168 designed as a deformable compensation element 170 comprises or is formed from a rubber material.

[0462] It may be advantageous if the compensation element 170 is compressible parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100.

[0463] An intermediate element 168 designed as a compressible compensation element 170 comprises in particular a compressible material, for example a foam material, or is formed from this.

[0464] The compressible material of an intermediate element 168 designed as a compressible compensation element 170 is, for example, elastically or plastically compressible.

[0465] Preferably, the intermediate element 168, which is designed as a compressible compensation element 170, is prestressed between two adjacent cell housings 106 parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 in a delivery state of the battery module 100.

[0466] In an uninstalled and / or unloaded state, the compressible compensation element 170 has a maximum thickness 172 which is greater than the thickness 146 of the frame element 134, in particular of the support webs 140 of the frame element 134.

[0467] Incidentally, this is true in Fig. 13 The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in the Fig. 1 to 5illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0468] One in Fig. 15 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIGS. Figs. 13 and 14 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the intermediate element 168 designed as a compressible compensation element 170 has a maximum thickness 172 parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 in a new state thereof, which corresponds to a maximum thickness 146 of the frame element 134, in particular of the support webs 140 of the frame element 134.

[0469] Incidentally, this is true in Fig. 15 The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in the Fig. 13 to 14 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0470] One in Fig. 16 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIG. Fig. 15 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the intermediate element 168 designed as a compressible compensation element 170 has a maximum thickness 172 parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100, which is smaller than a maximum thickness 146 of the frame element 134, in particular of the support webs 140 of the frame element 134.

[0471] Incidentally, this is true in Fig. 16 The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in Fig. 15illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0472] A Fig. 17 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIGS. Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the frame element 134 is connected to the intermediate element 168 at least in regions, in particular by a material bond.

[0473] Preferably, the frame element 134 is made integrally with the intermediate element 168.

[0474] The spacer element 126, which comprises or forms the frame element 134 and the intermediate element 168, is preferably a one-piece injection-molded component.

[0475] In particular, it is conceivable that the spacer element 126 has a material weakening 176 at a connecting region 174 in which the frame element 134 is integrally connected to the intermediate element 168.

[0476] Incidentally, this is true in Fig. 17 The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0477] One in the Figs. 18 and 19 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIGS. Figs. 13 and 14illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that a projection of the intermediate element 168 along the stacking direction 104 onto a projection plane arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction 104 is at a distance from a projection of a respective common winding line 120 of a deflection region 118 of a cell coil 110 of a galvanic cell 102.

[0478] Preferably, the projection of the intermediate element 168 parallel to the winding direction 124 is spaced from the projection of the common winding line 120, in particular inwardly.

[0479] Incidentally, this is true in the Figs. 18 and 19 The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in the Figs. 13 and 14illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0480] One in the Figs. 20 and 21 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIGS. Figs. 13 and 14 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the intermediate element 168 designed as a compressible compensation element 170 is designed in multiple layers in the stacking direction 104.

[0481] Preferably, different layers of the intermediate element 168 designed as a compressible compensation element 170 have a different surface area in a cross section taken perpendicular to the stacking direction 104.

[0482] For example, the compensation element 170 is designed in steps.

[0483] In particular, the intermediate element 168 designed as a compensation element 170 can be adapted to a swelling behavior of two adjacent galvanic cells.

[0484] Incidentally, this is true in the Figs. 20 and 21 The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in the Figs. 13 and 14 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0485] One in the Fig. 22 to 26 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIGS. Figs. 13 and 14 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the intermediate element 168 is only partially arranged in the interior space 138.

[0486] Preferably, the frame element 134 and the intermediate element 168 overlap at least partially in the stacking direction 104.

[0487] The frame element 134 preferably corresponds to the Fig. 10 frame element 134 shown.

[0488] Preferably, the intermediate element 168 completely overlaps the frame element 134 with the exception of the corner regions 162 in which the support webs 140 and connecting webs 142 of the frame element 134 are connected to one another.

[0489] Preferably, the intermediate element 168 forms a compensation element 170, which is compressible parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 (cf. Fig. 26 ).

[0490] In the areas where the intermediate element 168 overlaps the frame element 134, the frame element 134 and the intermediate element 168 are preferably connected to one another in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner, in particular since the galvanic cells 102 are clamped along the stacking direction 104.

[0491] Incidentally, this is true in the Fig. 22 to 26 The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in the Figs. 13 and 14 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0492] One in Fig. 27 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIGS. Fig. 22 to 26illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the frame element 134 and / or the intermediate element 168 each comprise or form a tempering element 178.

[0493] It may be advantageous if the intermediate element 168 is not designed to be compressible.

[0494] The frame element 134 and / or the intermediate element 168 are preferably designed for active temperature control and / or for passive temperature control.

[0495] By means of the frame element 134 and / or by means of the intermediate element 168, heat can preferably be dissipated from the two adjacent galvanic cells 102, between which the spacer element 126 is arranged.

[0496] In particular, it is conceivable that heat can be supplied to the two adjacent galvanic cells 102, between which the spacer element 126 is arranged, by means of the frame element 134 and / or by means of the intermediate element 168.

[0497] Preferably, the frame element 134 and / or the intermediate element 168 each comprise one or more heat-conducting elements 180 which protrude away from the frame element 134 and / or from the intermediate element 168 in the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100.

[0498] It may also be advantageous if the frame element 134 and / or the intermediate element 168 have an anisotropic thermal conductivity.

[0499] A thermal conductivity of the frame element 134 and / or the intermediate element 168 in the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 is preferably smaller than a thermal conductivity of the frame element 134 and / or the intermediate element 168 perpendicular to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100.

[0500] For example, it is conceivable that the frame element 134 and / or the intermediate element 168 are designed as a thermal insulator in the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100.

[0501] It may also be advantageous if the frame element 134 and / or the intermediate element 168 are designed as heat conductors perpendicular to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100.

[0502] Incidentally, this is true in Fig. 27 The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in the Fig. 22 to 26illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0503] One in Fig. 28 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIGS. Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that an edge region 182 of the spacer element 126, in particular an annularly closed edge region 182, is formed in multiple layers.

[0504] The multi-layer edge region 182 preferably forms a frame element 134.

[0505] In particular, it is conceivable that the spacer element 126 comprises or is formed from a compressible material, for example a foam material.

[0506] The compressible material can be, for example, elastically or plastically compressible.

[0507] It may be advantageous if the compressible material in the multi-layer edge region 182 is solidified by leveling and / or compacting

[0508] Incidentally, this is true in Fig. 28 The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0509] One in the Figs. 29 and 30 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIGS. Figs. 13 and 14illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the intermediate element 168 designed as a deformable compensation element 170 comprises a plurality of deformation elements 184.

[0510] The compensation element 170 comprises in particular a plurality of deformation webs 186, which form the deformation elements 184.

[0511] Preferably, the deformation webs 186 have a U-shaped or V-shaped cross-section.

[0512] Preferably, a deformation web 186 of the compensation element 170 is connected to two connecting webs 140 of the frame element 134.

[0513] In particular, it is conceivable that the deformation webs 186 are arranged substantially parallel to the support webs 140.

[0514] Incidentally, this is true in the Figs. 29 and 30The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in the Figs. 13 and 14 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0515] One in the Figs. 31 and 32 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIGS. Figs. 29 and 30 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the intermediate element 168 designed as a deformable compensation element 170 comprises a plurality of deformable knobs 188 which form the deformation elements 184.

[0516] For reasons of clarity, the Figs. 31 and 32 only some of the deformable knobs 188 are marked with a reference symbol.

[0517] Preferably, the deformable knobs 188 are substantially circular-cylindrical.

[0518] The deformable nubs 188 protrude in particular parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 from a base plate 190, in particular on both sides of the base plate 190.

[0519] It may be advantageous if individual or multiple deformable knobs 188 have a different cross-sectional shape and / or a different diameter, in particular in a cross-section taken perpendicular to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100.

[0520] Preferably, the deformable knobs 188 are arranged in several rows and / or several columns, in particular in alignment.

[0521] For example, it is conceivable that deformable knobs 188 arranged in a column each have an identical cross-sectional shape and / or an identical diameter.

[0522] Furthermore, it is conceivable, for example, that individual or multiple deformable knobs 188 arranged in a row have a different cross-sectional shape and / or a different diameter from one another.

[0523] Preferably, the intermediate element 168 designed as a deformable compensation element 170 can be adapted to a swelling behavior of two adjacent galvanic cells 102.

[0524] In particular, by adjusting a diameter of the deformable knobs 188, a deformation resistance of the same can be adjusted.

[0525] Incidentally, this is true in the Figs. 31 and 32 The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in the Figs. 29 and 30 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0526] One in the Figs. 33 and 34 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIG. Fig. 17 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the intermediate element 168 is not designed as a deformable and / or compressible compensation element 170.

[0527] Preferably, the intermediate element 168 has a locally varying thickness in a direction parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100.

[0528] It may be advantageous if the intermediate element 168 is only connected to the frame element 134 in the area of ​​the two support webs 140 thereof.

[0529] Preferably, the intermediate element 168 is not connected to the frame element 134 in the region of the connecting webs 142 thereof.

[0530] Since the intermediate element 168 is preferably only connected to the frame element 134 in the region of the support webs 140, the intermediate element 168 is preferably resiliently connected to the frame element 134.

[0531] Incidentally, this is true in the Figs. 33 and 34 The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in Fig. 17 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0532] One in the Figs. 35 and 36 The spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1 differs from that shown in FIGS. Figs. 33 and 34 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the intermediate element 168 is connected to the frame element 134 in a closed ring shape.

[0533] The intermediate element 168 forms in particular a cover element 192.

[0534] The cover element 192 preferably has a constant thickness 194 parallel to the stacking direction 104.

[0535] The cover element 192 has, in particular, a thickness 194 parallel to the stacking direction 104, which is smaller than a thickness 146 of the frame element 134.

[0536] Incidentally, this is true in the Figs. 35 and 36 The spacer element 126 shown in the embodiment of a battery module 100 is similar in structure and function to the one shown in the Figs. 33 and 34 illustrated spacer element 126 of an embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0537] One in Fig. 37 The embodiment of a battery module 100 shown differs from that shown in Fig. 6illustrated embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the frame element parts 158 of the frame element 134 are substantially C-shaped.

[0538] Preferably, one of the two C-shaped frame element parts 158 of the frame element 134 is arranged on the main sides 114 of the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102 facing away from one another.

[0539] It may be advantageous if the frame element parts 158 are connected, for example glued, to the cell housing 106, in particular to the cell housing wall 132, on the main sides 114 of the cell housing 106 facing away from one another.

[0540] Preferably, the frame element parts 158 are arranged and / or formed such that projections of the frame element parts 158 arranged on the mutually opposite main sides 114 of the cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102 parallel to the stacking direction 104 do not overlap on a plane arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction 104.

[0541] Preferably, the C-shaped frame element parts 158 can provide a positioning aid for positioning the galvanic cells 102 relative to one another.

[0542] In particular, incorrect positioning of cell poles of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 can be prevented.

[0543] By stacking a plurality of galvanic cells 102, on whose opposite main sides 114 C-shaped frame element parts 158 are arranged, the frame element parts 158 of the mutually facing main sides 114 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 preferably complement each other to form a ring-shaped closed frame element 134.

[0544] Furthermore, the Fig. 37 illustrated embodiment of a battery module 100 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to the above description thereof in this respect.

[0545] One in Fig. 38 The embodiment of a battery module 100 shown differs from that shown in the Fig. 1 to 5illustrated embodiment of a battery module 100 essentially in that the spacer elements 126 made of a castable, injection-moldable and / or printable material 195 are applied to the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0546] For example, parallel to the common winding line 120, two beads 197 are applied to a respective main side 114 of the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0547] It may also be advantageous if one or more knobs 188 are applied to a respective main side 114 of the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0548] The one or more spacer elements 126 are applied to the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102 in particular by means of a casting process; by means of an injection molding process; and / or by means of a printing process.

[0549] Furthermore, the Fig. 38The embodiment of a battery module shown in the drawings is similar in design and function to that shown in the Fig. 1 to 5 illustrated embodiment of a battery module 100, so that reference is made to the above description thereof in this respect.

[0550] One in the Figs. 39 and 40 The embodiment of a galvanic cell 102 shown differs from that shown in the Fig. 1 to 36 illustrated embodiment of a galvanic cell 102 essentially in that the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102 is not cuboid-shaped.

[0551] Preferably, the cell housing 106 comprises or forms one or more spacer elements 126.

[0552] Preferably, in a battery module 100 comprising a plurality of galvanic cells 102, two spacer elements 126 are arranged between mutually facing cell coils 110 of two galvanic cells 102 adjacent in the stacking direction 104.

[0553] Preferably, the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cells 102 comprises a spacer region 196 and a central region 198 on each of the two main sides 114 of the cell housing 116.

[0554] The spacer regions 196 preferably protrude perpendicularly to a center plane of the cell coils 110 of the galvanic cells 102 from the center region 196 and thereby each form a spacer element 126.

[0555] The spacer regions 196 are preferably arranged on an edge region, in particular on an annularly closed edge region, of a respective main side 114 of the cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102.

[0556] The central region 198 of a respective main side 114 is preferably surrounded by the annularly closed spacer region 196 and in particular forms a recess in the main side 114 of the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0557] The cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102 is thus preferably substantially concave on the two main sides 114.

[0558] A cell housing 106 of the galvanic cells 102 preferably comprises a transition region 200 on the two main sides 114, which is arranged between the central region 198 and the spacer region 196.

[0559] Preferably, the spacer regions 196 comprise a surface that is arranged substantially parallel to a surface of the central region 198.

[0560] It may be advantageous if the cell housing wall 132 of the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cells 102 rests against the cell coil 110 in the intermediate region 122 of a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0561] It may be particularly advantageous if at least approximately 70%, in particular at least approximately 90%, of a surface of the intermediate region 122 of the cell coil 110 lies completely against the central region 198 of the cell housing wall 132.

[0562] Preferably, the central region 198 of the cell housing wall 132 lies substantially with its entire surface against the intermediate region 122 of the cell coil 110.

[0563] For example, it is conceivable that the cell housing wall 132 of the cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102 is arranged in the central region 198 substantially parallel to a central plane of a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0564] Preferably, the cell housing wall 132 of the cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102 does not rest against the cell coil 110 in the deflection region 118 of a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0565] It may be advantageous if the cell housing wall 132 of the cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102 does not rest against a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 102 in the spacer region 196 and / or in the transition region 200.

[0566] In particular, the cell housing wall 132 of the cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102 is arranged in the spacer region 196 substantially parallel to a center plane of a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0567] It may be advantageous if the cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102 is designed to be substantially symmetrical, in particular substantially symmetrical to a plane of symmetry arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 and / or parallel to a center plane of a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0568] Preferably, the cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell is formed substantially symmetrically to a plane of symmetry arranged parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100.

[0569] It may be advantageous if the cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102 comprises or is formed by a metallic material, for example aluminum.

[0570] The cell housing 106 of a galvanic cell 102 is preferably a so-called "hard case" housing.

[0571] The cell housing 106 is preferably manufactured by means of a forming process, for example, by deep drawing, and in particular has a substantially uniform wall thickness. It may be advantageous if the spacer elements 126 formed by the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102 are manufactured by means of a forming process.

[0572] Preferably, the cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 lie directly against one another in the region of the spacer elements 126 formed by the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cells 102.

[0573] It may be particularly advantageous if the cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 only lie directly against one another in certain areas, in particular only in the area of ​​the spacer elements 126 formed by the cell housings 106 of the galvanic cells 102.

[0574] Preferably, the cell housing walls 132 of the cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 are arranged at a distance from one another by means of the spacer elements 126 formed by the cell housings 106 in an annularly closed intermediate space 202 delimited by the spacer elements 126.

[0575] In particular, the cell housing walls 132 of the cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 do not abut one another in the intermediate space 202.

[0576] Preferably, the central regions 198 and / or the transition regions 200 of a respective main side 114 of the cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 delimit the intermediate space 202.

[0577] Preferably, the intermediate space 202 is formed between two adjacent galvanic cells 102, which are substantially concave on the mutually facing main sides 114 of the cell housings 106.

[0578] It may be advantageous if an additional element 204, for example a compensation element 206, a propagation protection element 208, a sensor element 209 and / or a temperature control element 210, is arranged in the intermediate space 202.

[0579] By means of a tempering element 210 arranged in the intermediate space 202, the galvanic cells 102 adjacent to the intermediate space 202 can preferably be tempered, for example cooled.

[0580] By means of a tempering element 210 arranged in the intermediate space 202, heat can in particular be dissipated from the intermediate space.

[0581] A tempering element 210 arranged in the intermediate space 202 is preferably designed for the active tempering of the galvanic cells 102 adjacent to the intermediate space 202 and / or for the passive tempering of the galvanic cells 102 adjacent to the intermediate space 202.

[0582] By means of a propagation protection element 208 arranged in the intermediate space 202, propagation of a thermal runaway of a galvanic cell 102 can preferably be delayed and / or prevented.

[0583] A compensation element 206 arranged in the intermediate space 202 is deformable, for example compressible, in a direction parallel to the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100, preferably due to an expansion of the cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102.

[0584] Preferably, the compensation element 206 comprises or is formed by a foam material.

[0585] By means of a compensation element 206 arranged in the intermediate space 202, delamination of cell coils 110 of a respective galvanic cell 102 can preferably be limited or prevented.

[0586] Preferably, in a delivery state of the battery module 100, the cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 are prestressed in the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 by means of compensation elements 206 arranged in the intermediate space 202. This preferably allows a prestressing force to be realized which preferably counteracts an expansion of the cell housings 106 of the two adjacent galvanic cells 102, in particular due to aging.

[0587] Furthermore, the Figs. 39 and 40 illustrated embodiment of the galvanic cell 102 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in the Fig. 1 to 36 illustrated embodiment of a galvanic cell 102, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0588] One in Fig. 41 The embodiment of a galvanic cell 102 shown differs from that shown in the Figs. 39 and 40illustrated embodiment of a galvanic cell 102 essentially in that the cell housings 106 of a respective galvanic cell 102 are formed substantially concave on a main side 114 and substantially convex on a main side 114.

[0589] Furthermore, it is conceivable that the cell housings 106 are not produced by forming.

[0590] For example, it is conceivable that the cell housings 106 of the galvanic cells 102 are produced by extrusion.

[0591] Furthermore, the Fig. 41 illustrated embodiment of the galvanic cell 102 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in the Figs. 39 and 40 illustrated embodiment of a galvanic cell 102, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0592] One in Fig. 42 The embodiment of a galvanic cell 102 shown differs from that shown in Fig. 41illustrated embodiment of a galvanic cell 102 essentially in that the cell housings 106 of the galvanic cells 102 are produced by an injection molding process, for example by an injection molding process, in particular from a plastic material.

[0593] It may be advantageous if the cell housings 106 of the galvanic cells 102 are plastic components, in particular plastic injection-molded components.

[0594] In this case, it is particularly conceivable that two adjacent galvanic cells 102 are positioned or can be positioned in a clear orientation relative to one another in the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100 by means of one or more spacer elements 126 formed by the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cells 102.

[0595] In particular, it is conceivable that mutually facing cell housing walls 132 of cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 on the main sides 114 of the cell housing 106 each comprise one or more projections or elevations designed as spacer elements 126 and recesses corresponding to the projections or elevations. For reasons of clarity, the projections or elevations and the recesses are shown in Fig. 42 not shown in the drawing.

[0596] Preferably, the projections or elevations and the recesses are arranged on the main sides 114 of the cell housings 106 of two adjacent galvanic cells 102 such that the two galvanic cells 102 can only be positioned in one orientation relative to one another in the stacking direction 104 of the battery module 100.

[0597] Furthermore, the Fig. 42illustrated embodiment of the galvanic cell 102 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in Fig. 41 illustrated embodiment of a galvanic cell 102, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0598] One in Fig. 43 The embodiment of a galvanic cell 102 shown differs from that shown in the Fig. 1 to 36 illustrated embodiment of a galvanic cell 102 essentially in that a compensation element 212 is arranged in the receiving space 112 of the cell housing 106.

[0599] The compensation element 212 is preferably arranged between two adjacent cell windings 110 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0600] The compensation element 212 is preferably compressible, in particular perpendicular to a main side 114 of the cell housing 106 and / or perpendicular to a center plane of a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0601] The compensation element 212 is preferably elastically or plastically compressible.

[0602] Preferably, the compensation element 212 comprises a compressible material or is formed from a compressible material.

[0603] The compressible material is, for example, a foam material.

[0604] By providing the compensation element 212 in the receiving space 112 of the cell housing 106, a defined load on the cell windings 110 of the galvanic cell 102 can preferably be realized at any charge state and / or at any aging state of the galvanic cell 102.

[0605] In particular, by providing the compensation element 212 in the receiving space 112 of the cell housing 106, a load on the cell coils 110 of a galvanic cell 102 can be realized independently of one or more of the following factors: a stiffness of the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102; tension forces acting on the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102, in particular tension forces acting on the cell housing 106 parallel to the stacking direction 104 of a battery module 100; a growth of one or more cell coils 110 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0606] By means of the compensation element 212, growth of the cell coils 110 of the galvanic cell 102 can preferably be compensated over the service life of the same, in particular in a direction perpendicular to a main side 114 of the cell housing 106.

[0607] Preferably, by means of the compensation element 212 arranged in the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102, a growth of the cell coils 110 of the galvanic cell 102 can be compensated such that the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102 has, in a direction running perpendicular to a main side 114 of the cell housing 106, at an end of the service life of the galvanic cell 102, substantially a height 148 which corresponds to the height 148 of the cell housing 106 of the galvanic cell 102 in a delivery state of the galvanic cell 102.

[0608] Preferably, a change in the external dimensions of the galvanic cell 102 due to a growth of cell coils 110 of the galvanic cells 102 can be limited or prevented by means of the compensation element 212.

[0609] Preferably, in a delivery state of the galvanic cell 102, the compensation element 212 has a thickness 214 perpendicular to a center plane of a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 102 such that the compensation element 212 and cell coils 110 arranged within the cell housing 106 essentially completely fill the receiving space 112 of the cell housing 106 perpendicular to the center plane of a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0610] In particular, cavities within the cell housing 106, in particular parallel to the stacking direction 104 of a battery module 100, can be prevented by means of the compensation element 212.

[0611] Preferably, delamination of the cell coils 110 of a galvanic cell 102 can also be limited or prevented.

[0612] It may also be advantageous if an optimal operating state of the galvanic cell 102 can be set over the entire product life of the cell by means of the compensation element 212.

[0613] It may be advantageous if the compensation element 212 has a width 216 parallel to the winding direction 124 of a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell, which width corresponds at least approximately to the width of an intermediate region 122 of the cell coil 110.

[0614] Preferably, the compensation element 212 has a height in a direction parallel to a common winding line 120 of a cell coil 110 which substantially corresponds to a height of a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 106.

[0615] Preferably, the cell coils 110 of a galvanic cell 102 each have a substantially identical height in a direction parallel to a common coil line 120 of a cell coil 110.

[0616] Furthermore, the Fig. 43 illustrated embodiment of the galvanic cell 102 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in the Fig. 1 to 36 illustrated embodiment of a galvanic cell 102, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0617] One in Fig. 44 The embodiment of a galvanic cell 102 shown differs from that shown in Fig. 43 illustrated embodiment of a galvanic cell 102 essentially in that two compensation elements 212 are arranged in the receiving space 112 of the cell housing.

[0618] The compensation elements 212 are preferably arranged between a cell housing wall 132 of the cell housing 106 and a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 102, in particular with respect to a direction running perpendicular to a center plane of a cell coil 110.

[0619] Preferably, the compensation elements 212 are each arranged between a cell housing wall 132 of a main side 114 of the cell housing 106 and a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0620] Furthermore, the Fig. 44 illustrated embodiment of the galvanic cell 102 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in Fig. 43 illustrated embodiment of a galvanic cell 102, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0621] One in Fig. 45 The embodiment of a galvanic cell 102 shown differs from that shown in Fig. 43 illustrated embodiment of a galvanic cell 102 essentially in that two compensation elements 212 are arranged in the receiving space 112 of the cell housing 106, which are each arranged within a cell coil 110 of the galvanic cell 102.

[0622] It may be advantageous if winding layers of a respective cell winding 110 are each wound around a compensation element 212.

[0623] The compensation element 212 is preferably arranged substantially parallel to a center plane of the respective cell coil 110.

[0624] The compensation element 212 preferably has a width 216 parallel to the winding direction 124 of the cell coil 110, which essentially corresponds to the width of the intermediate region 122 of the cell coil 110.

[0625] Preferably, by winding winding layers of a respective cell winding 110 around a compensation element 212, it can be prevented that the winding layers are deflected directly in the region of a common winding line 120.

[0626] In particular, a deflection radius can be increased by winding layers of a respective cell coil 110 around a compensation element 212.

[0627] Preferably, a deflection radius in a deflection region 118 of a cell coil 110 is at least approximately 0.5 mm, in particular at least approximately 1 mm, for example at least 1.5 mm.

[0628] Preferably, the service life of the galvanic cell can be extended.

[0629] It may also be advantageous if, by means of the compensation element 212 arranged within a cell coil 110, a growth of the respective cell coil 110, in particular in a direction running perpendicular to a center plane of the cell coil 110, can be compensated in such a way that the galvanic cell 102 at the end of its service life has, in the direction running perpendicular to the center plane of the cell coil 110, a height 148 which essentially corresponds to the height of the galvanic cell 148 in a delivery state thereof.

[0630] Furthermore, the Fig. 45illustrated embodiment of the galvanic cell 102 in terms of structure and function with the one shown in Fig. 43 illustrated embodiment of a galvanic cell 102, so that reference is made to its above description in this respect.

[0631] Special embodiments are the following: Embodiment 1: Galvanic cell (102), comprising: one or more cell coils (110); a cell housing (106) comprising a receiving space (122) for receiving the one or more cell coils (110), wherein the one or more cell coils (110) are received in the receiving space (122) of the cell housing (106), and wherein the cell housing (106) comprises or forms one or more spacer elements (126).Embodiment 2: Galvanic cell according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) comprises on a main side (114) of the cell housing (106), in particular on both main sides (114) of the cell housing (106), in each case one or more spacer regions (196) and a central region (198), wherein the one or more spacer regions (196) protrude perpendicularly to a central plane of a cell coil (110) of the galvanic cell (102) away from the central region (198) and each form a spacer element (126).Embodiment 3: Galvanic cell according to embodiment 1 or 2, characterized in that the one or more cell coils (110) of the galvanic cell (102) comprise two deflection regions (118) in which winding layers of the respective cell coil (110) are deflected, wherein the winding layers have a common winding line (120) in a respective deflection region (118), and / or that the one or more cell coils (110) of the galvanic cell (102) comprise an intermediate region (122) arranged between the two deflection regions (118). Embodiment 4: Galvanic cell according to embodiment 3, characterized in that a cell housing wall (136) of the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) rests against the cell coil (110) in the intermediate region (122) of a cell coil (110) of the galvanic cell (102).Embodiment 5: Galvanic cell according to embodiment 3 or 4, characterized in that a cell housing wall (132) of the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) does not rest against the cell coil (110) in the deflection region (118) of a cell coil (110) of the galvanic cell (102). Embodiment 6: Galvanic cell according to one of embodiments 2 to 5, characterized in that the one or more spacer regions (196) are arranged on an edge region, in particular on an annularly closed edge region, of a respective main side (114) of the cell housing (106) of a respective galvanic cell (106). Embodiment 7: Galvanic cell according to one of embodiments 1 to 6, characterized in that the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) is substantially concave on both main sides (114).Embodiment 8: Galvanic cell according to one of embodiments 1 to 6, characterized in that the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) is substantially concave on one main side (114) and substantially convex on one main side (114). Embodiment 9: Galvanic cell according to one of embodiments 1 to 8, characterized in that the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) comprises or is formed by a metallic material, for example aluminum. Embodiment 10: Battery module (100) comprising two or more than two galvanic cells (102) according to one of embodiments 1 to 9. Embodiment 11: Battery module (100) according to embodiment 10, characterized in that cell housings (106) of two adjacent galvanic cells (102) lie directly against one another in the region of the spacer elements (126) formed by the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cells (102).Embodiment 12: Battery module (100) according to embodiment 10 or 11, characterized in that cell housings (106) of two adjacent galvanic cells (102) are designed such that cell housing walls (132) of the two adjacent galvanic cells (102) are arranged at a distance from one another by means of the spacer elements (126) formed by the cell housings (106) in an at least partially spaced-apart manner, preferably in an annularly closed intermediate space (202) delimited by the spacer elements (126). Embodiment 13: Battery module according to embodiment 12, characterized in that one or more additional elements (204) are arranged in the intermediate space (202), for example one or more compensation elements (206), one or more propagation protection elements (208), one or more sensor elements (209), and / or one or more temperature control elements (210).Embodiment 14: Battery module according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that two adjacent galvanic cells (102) are positioned or positionable in a unique orientation relative to one another in a stacking direction (104) of the battery module (100) by means of one or more spacer elements (126) formed by the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cells (102). Embodiment 15: Galvanic cell (102) comprising the following: one or more cell coils (110); a cell housing (106) comprising a receiving space (112) for receiving the one or more cell coils (110); one or more compensation elements (212), wherein the one or more cell coils (110) are received in the receiving space (112) of the cell housing (106) and wherein the one or more compensation elements (212) are arranged in the receiving space (112) of the cell housing (106).Embodiment 16: Galvanic cell according to embodiment 15, characterized in that the one or more compensation elements (212) are compressible, in particular perpendicular to a main side (114) of the cell housing (106) and / or perpendicular to a center plane of a cell coil (110) of the galvanic cell (102).Embodiment 17: Galvanic cell according to embodiment 15 or 16, characterized in that the one or more compensation elements (212) in a delivery state of the galvanic cell (102) perpendicular to a center plane of a cell coil (110) of the galvanic cell (102) have a thickness (214) such that the one or more compensation elements (212) arranged within the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) and cell coils (110) arranged within the cell housing (106) essentially completely fill a receiving space (112) of the cell housing perpendicular to the center plane of the cell coil (110) of the galvanic cell (102). Embodiment 18: Galvanic cell according to one of embodiments 15 to 17, characterized in that the one or more compensation elements (212) comprise a compressible material or are formed from a compressible material.Embodiment 19: Galvanic cell according to embodiment 18, characterized in that the compressible material is a foam material. Embodiment 20: Galvanic cell according to one of embodiments 15 to 19, characterized in that one or more of the compensation elements (212) arranged in the receiving space (112) of the cell housing (106) are arranged between two adjacent cell coils (110) of the galvanic cell (102). Embodiment 21: Galvanic cell according to one of embodiments 15 to 20, characterized in that one or more of the compensation elements (212) arranged in the receiving space (112) of the cell housing (106) are arranged between a cell housing wall (136) of the cell housing (106) and a cell coil (110) of the galvanic cell (102), in particular with respect to a direction running perpendicular to a center plane of the cell coil (110).Embodiment 22: Galvanic cell according to one of embodiments 16 to 21, characterized in that one or more compensation elements (212) are arranged between cell housing walls (132) of two main sides (114) of the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) and one or more cell coils (110) arranged within the cell housing (106). Embodiment 23: Galvanic cell according to one of embodiments 20 to 22, characterized in that a compensation element (212) arranged between two adjacent cell coils (110) of the galvanic cells (102) and / or a compensation element (212) arranged between a cell housing wall (132) of the cell housing (106) and a cell coil (110) of the galvanic cell (102) has a width (216) parallel to a winding direction (124) of the cell coil (110) which corresponds at least approximately to the width of an intermediate region (122) of the cell coil (110).Embodiment 24: Galvanic cell according to one of embodiments 15 to 24, characterized in that one or more of the compensation elements (212) arranged in the receiving space (112) of the cell housing (106) are arranged within one or more cell coils (110) of the galvanic cell (102). Embodiment 25: Galvanic cell according to embodiment 24, characterized in that a compensation element (212) of the galvanic cell (102) arranged within a cell coil (110) is arranged substantially parallel to a center plane of the respective cell coil (110).Embodiment 26: Galvanic cell according to embodiment 24 or 25, characterized in that a compensation element (212) of the galvanic cell (102) arranged within a cell coil (110) has a width (216) parallel to a winding direction (124) of the cell coil (110) that substantially corresponds to the width of an intermediate region (122) of the cell coil (110). Embodiment 27: Galvanic cell according to one of embodiments 15 to 26, characterized in that one or more of the compensation elements (212) arranged in the receiving space (112) of the cell housing (106) have a height in a direction running parallel to a common winding line (120) of a cell coil (110) that substantially corresponds to a height of the one or more cell coils (110) of the galvanic cell (102).Embodiment 28: Battery module (100), wherein the battery module (100) comprises: two or more than two galvanic cells (102) according to any one of embodiments 15 to 27. Embodiment 29: Battery module (100), wherein the battery module (100) comprises: two or more than two galvanic cells (102), each comprising one or more cell coils (110); one or more spacer elements (126), wherein one or more spacer elements (126) are arranged between each two adjacent galvanic cells (102). Embodiment 30: Battery module according to embodiment 29, characterized in that a respective cell coil (110) of the galvanic cells (102) of the battery module (100) comprises two deflection regions (118) in which winding layers of the respective cell coil (110) are deflected, wherein the winding layers have a common winding line (120) in a respective deflection region (118).Embodiment 31: Battery module according to embodiment 30, characterized in that the one or more spacer elements (126) are each arranged and / or configured such that, in a stacking direction (104) of the battery module (100), the introduction of force into the one or more cell coils (110) of a respective galvanic cell (102) can be avoided by means of the spacer elements (126), in particular in the region of a winding line (120) of a respective deflection region (118) of the one or more cell coils (110). Embodiment 32: Battery module according to one of embodiments 29 to 31, characterized in that a force flow between adjacent galvanic cells (102) in a stacking direction (104) of the battery module (100) occurs exclusively or to at least approximately 75%, in particular to at least approximately 85%, preferably to at least approximately 95%, via the one or more spacer elements (126).Embodiment 33: Battery module according to one of embodiments 29 to 32, characterized in that the galvanic cells (102) are prismatic cells, in particular substantially cuboidal cells. Embodiment 34: Battery module according to one of embodiments 29 to 33, characterized in that a respective galvanic cell (102) comprises a cell housing (106) in which the one or more cell coils (110) of a respective galvanic cell (102) are arranged. Embodiment 35: Battery module according to one of embodiments 29 to 34, characterized in that one or more spacer elements (126) are arranged between cell housings (106) of two adjacent galvanic cells (102).Embodiment 36: Battery module according to embodiment 35, characterized in that one or more spacer elements (126), which are arranged between cell housings (106) of two adjacent galvanic cells (102), are arranged on a main side (114) of the respective cell housings (106). Embodiment 37: Battery module according to embodiment 35 or 36, characterized in that one or more spacer elements (126) arranged between two cell housings (106) of two adjacent galvanic cells (102) each comprise or form a frame element (134) and / or an intermediate element (168). Embodiment 38: Battery module according to embodiment 37, characterized in that a respective frame element (134) delimits an interior space (138) surrounded by the frame element (134) and the two adjacent cell housings (106) at least in some regions, for example at least on two sides.Embodiment 39: Battery module according to embodiment 37 or 38, characterized in that a respective frame element (134) comprises the following: two support webs (140) which are arranged parallel to one another and / or parallel to a common winding line (120) of a deflection region (118) of a cell coil (110) of a galvanic cell (102); and / or one or more connecting webs (142), wherein the two support webs (140) are connected by means of the one or more connecting webs (142). Embodiment 40: Battery module according to one of embodiments 37 to 39, characterized in that a respective frame element (134) is designed to be annularly closed.Embodiment 41: Battery module according to embodiment 39 or 40, characterized in that the two support webs (140) and / or the one or more connecting webs (142) have a substantially constant width (144) transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to a main direction of extension thereof. Embodiment 42: Battery module according to embodiment 41, characterized in that the width (144) of the two support webs (140) substantially corresponds to the width (144) of the one or more connecting webs (142). Embodiment 43: Battery module according to embodiment 41, characterized in that the width (144) of the two support webs (140) is different from the width (144) of the one or more connecting webs (142).Embodiment 44: Battery module according to one of embodiments 41 to 43, characterized in that the width (144) of the two support webs (140) corresponds approximately to a sum of a wall thickness (152) of a cell housing wall (132) of a cell housing (106) of a galvanic cell (102), a distance (150) of a cell coil (110) to the cell housing wall (132) of the cell housing (106) and a width (154) of a deflection region (118) of a cell coil (110).Embodiment 45: Battery module according to one of embodiments 39 to 44, characterized in that a projection of a respective support web (140) of a frame element (134), in particular of a region of the support web (140) which bears against a cell housing (106) of a galvanic cell (102), along the stacking direction (104) onto a projection plane arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction (104) has a distance from a projection of a respective common winding line (120) of a deflection region (118) of a cell coil (110) of a galvanic cell (102). Embodiment 46: Battery module according to one of embodiments 39 to 45, characterized in that the support webs (140) of the frame element (134) and / or the connecting webs (142) of the frame element (134) have a constant thickness (146) in a direction running parallel to a stacking direction (104) of the battery module (100).Embodiment 47: Battery module according to one of embodiments 39 to 45, characterized in that the supporting webs (140) of the frame element (134) and / or the connecting webs (142) of the frame element (134) have a locally varying thickness (146) in a direction running parallel to a stacking direction (104) of the battery module (100). Embodiment 48: Battery module according to one of embodiments 38 to 47, characterized in that the intermediate element (168) is arranged in the interior space (138). Embodiment 49: Battery module according to one of embodiments 37 to 48, characterized in that the frame element (134) is formed in one part or in multiple parts, for example in two parts.Embodiment 50: Battery module according to one of embodiments 37 to 49, characterized in that two spacer elements (126), in particular two frame elements (134), are arranged between cell housings (106) of two adjacent galvanic cells (102). Embodiment 51: Battery module according to one of embodiments 37 to 50, characterized in that the frame element (134) is connected to the intermediate element (168) at least in some regions, in particular by a material bond. Embodiment 52: Battery module according to one of embodiments 37 to 51, characterized in that the frame element (134) and the intermediate element (168) comprise different materials or are formed from different materials. Embodiment 53: Battery module according to one of embodiments 37 to 52, characterized in that the intermediate element (168) forms a deformable compensation element (170).Embodiment 54: Battery module according to embodiment 53, characterized in that the compensation element (170) is compressible parallel to a stacking direction (104) of the battery module (100). Embodiment 55: Battery module according to embodiment 53 or 54, characterized in that the compensation element (170) comprises one or more deformation elements (184). Embodiment 56: Battery module according to one of embodiments 37 to 55, characterized in that an edge region (182) of a spacer element (126), in particular an annularly closed edge region (182), is designed in multiple layers, wherein the multi-layer edge region (182) forms a frame element (134).Embodiment 57: Battery module according to one of embodiments 37 to 56, characterized in that a respective spacer element (126), in particular a respective frame element (134) and / or a respective intermediate element (168), comprises or is formed from a metallic material, a paper material, or a plastic material. Embodiment 58: Battery module according to one of embodiments 37 to 57, characterized in that a force flow between adjacent galvanic cells (102) in a stacking direction (104) of the battery module (100) occurs exclusively or to at least approximately 75%, in particular to at least approximately 85%, preferably to at least approximately 95%, via the frame element (134) of the one or more spacer elements (126).Embodiment 59: Battery module according to one of embodiments 35 to 58, characterized in that a spacer element (126), in particular a frame element (134), arranged between cell housings (106) of two adjacent galvanic cells (102), is materially connected, in particular glued, to the cell housings (106) of the two adjacent galvanic cells (102).Embodiment 60: Battery module according to embodiment 59, characterized in that the spacer element (126) arranged between cell housings (106) of two adjacent galvanic cells (102), in particular a frame element (134) of the spacer element (126), is adhesively bonded to the cell housings (106) of the two adjacent galvanic cells (102) by means of an adhesive film (136), which is arranged between a main side (114) of a cell housing (106) of a respective galvanic cell (102) and the spacer element (126), in particular the frame element (134). Embodiment 61: Battery module according to one of embodiments 35 to 60, characterized in that all spacer elements (126) of the battery module (100) arranged between two cell housings (106) of two adjacent galvanic cells (102) are of identical design.Embodiment 62: Battery module according to one of embodiments 37 to 61, characterized in that the frame element (134) and / or the intermediate element (168) each comprise or form a temperature control element (178). Embodiment 63: Battery module according to one of embodiments 29 to 62, characterized in that the battery module (100) comprises a battery module housing in which the galvanic cells (102) of the battery module are arranged. Embodiment 64: Method for attaching spacer elements (126) to a galvanic cell (102), the method comprising the following: providing a galvanic cell (102) which comprises one or more cell coils (110); applying one or more spacer elements (126) made of a castable, injection-moldable and / or printable material (195) to a cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102).Embodiment 65: Method according to embodiment 64, characterized in that the one or more spacer elements (126) are applied to the cell housing of the galvanic cell (102) by means of one or more of the following application methods: by means of a casting method; by means of an injection molding method; by means of a printing method. Embodiment 66: Method according to embodiment 65, characterized in that the one or more spacer elements (102) are applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) by means of one or more of the following printing methods: by means of a screen printing method; by means of a stencil printing method. Embodiment 67: Method according to one of embodiments 64 to 66, characterized in that the pourable, injection moldable and / or printable material (195) comprises a base material and spacer particles arranged in the base material.Embodiment 68: Method according to one of embodiments 64 to 67, characterized in that one or more propagation protection elements (208) and / or one or more compensation elements (170) made of a castable, injection-moldable, and / or printable material (195) are applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102). Embodiment 69: Method according to one of embodiments 64 to 68, characterized in that the one or more spacer elements (126) are applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) using an application device. Embodiment 70: Method according to one of embodiments 64 to 69, characterized in that the one or more spacer elements (126) are applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) with a locally varying thickness.Embodiment 71: Method according to one of embodiments 64 to 70, characterized in that the one or more spacer elements (126) are applied directly or indirectly to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102). Embodiment 72: Method according to one of embodiments 64 to 71, characterized in that several layers of the castable, sprayable and / or printable material (195) are successively applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102). Embodiment 73: Method according to one of embodiments 64 to 72, characterized in that the castable, sprayable and / or printable material (195) comprises or is formed by polyurethane and / or silicone.Embodiment 74: Method according to one of embodiments 64 to 73, characterized in that a bead (197) and / or knobs (188) are applied, for example sprayed, to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) as spacer elements (126). Embodiment 75: Method according to one of embodiments 64 to 74, characterized in that the pourable, sprayable and / or printable material () is applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) using a stencil. Embodiment 76: Method for producing a battery module (100), the method comprising the following: providing two or more than two galvanic cells (102) to which spacer elements (126) are attached by a method according to one of embodiments 64 to 75; stacking the galvanic cells (102) along a stacking direction (104).

[0632] Overall, galvanic cells 102 and / or battery modules 100 comprising a plurality of galvanic cells 102 can be provided which have an increased service life and which are particularly simple and cost-effective to produce.

Claims

1. Method for attaching spacer elements (126) to a galvanic cell (102), the method comprising the following: - providing a galvanic cell (102), which comprises one or more cell rolls (110); - applying one or more spacer elements (126) of a pourable, sprayable and / or printable material (195) to a cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102), wherein the one or more spacer elements (126) is / are applied to the cell housing of the galvanic cell (102) by means of one or more of the following application processes: - by means of a pouring process; - by means of a spraying process; - by means of a printing process, wherein the one or more spacer elements (126) is / are applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) by an application device.

2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the one or more spacer elements (102) is / are applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) by means of one or more of the following printing processes: - by means of a screen printing process; - by means of a stencil printing process.

3. Method according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the pourable, sprayable and / or printable material (195) comprises a base material and spacer particles arranged in the base material.

4. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that one or more propagation protection elements (208) and / or one or more compensation elements (170) of a pourable, sprayable and / or printable material (195) is / are applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102).

5. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the one or more spacer elements (126) is / are applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) with a locally varying thickness.

6. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the one or more spacer elements (126) is applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) indirectly or directly.

7. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a number of layers of the pourable, sprayable and / or printable material (195) are applied one after the other to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102).

8. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pourable, sprayable and / or printable material (195) comprises polyurethane and / or silicone or is formed by it or them.

9. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a bead (197) and / or a nub (188) is / are applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102), for example sprayed on, as spacer elements (126).

10. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pourable, sprayable and / or printable material (195) is applied to the cell housing (106) of the galvanic cell (102) through a stencil.

11. Method for producing a battery module (100), the method comprising the following: - providing two or more than two galvanic cells (102), to which spacer elements (126) have been attached by a method according to one of Claims 1 to 10; - stacking the galvanic cells (102) along a stacking direction (104).