MOBILE PROTECTIVE DEVICE FOR MILITARY VEHICLES WITH DISTANCE-ACTIVE PROTECTION SYSTEM

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a defense system comprising a distance-active protection system for protecting a military vehicle and a protective device for the military vehicle to protect against the effects of the distance-active protection system on the vehicle. The invention further relates to a method for protecting against the effects of a distance-active protection system on a military vehicle by means of a protective device. A further aspect of the invention is a military vehicle equipped with such a defense system.

[0002] Active range protection systems, such as those described in EP 0 687 885 A1, DE 100 50 479 A1 or US 7 202 809 B1, are used on military vehicles to defend against approaching threats.

[0003] Potential threats include, in particular, incoming missiles or projectiles that approach the military vehicle and intend to destroy or at least damage it. Military vehicles in this context include both land vehicles, such as tanks or off-road vehicles, and watercraft or aircraft, such as ships or helicopters.

[0004] If such a military vehicle has a distance-active protection system, then, as in the invention, an approaching threat can be detected and a corresponding countermeasure initiated. To defend against the threat, it can be engaged, in particular, by the distance-active protection system, for example, by projectile-forming charges or hollow-body projectiles, so that the threat is destroyed in the air at a distance from the vehicle and damage to the vehicle is avoided.

[0005] Although the use of a standoff protection system reduces the effects of an approaching threat on a military vehicle, the system itself can have repercussions on the vehicle being protected. These repercussions can damage turret components, such as optics, crew members, and / or other less armored elements. The repercussions of the standoff protection system, such as blasts or projectile fragments, result from the engagement of the approaching threat. When a projectile is fired as a countermeasure, repercussions occur simultaneously, particularly in the opposite direction of fire, which can then affect the military vehicle.

[0006] Shields are known for protection against external threats, for example from US 8 006 606 B1 or WO 2019 / 002217 A1, but these do not serve to protect against the effects of the aircraft's own space-based protection system.

[0007] In the prior art, active protection systems are therefore arranged in such a way that their effects cannot impact the military vehicle, but rather "pass" the vehicle. EP 0 687 885 A1, for example, arranges the active protection system on an inclined, elongated mounting arm on the vehicle, so that there is a significant distance between the vehicle and the protection system. In contrast, US 7 202 809 B1 arranges the active protection system directly on the highest point of the military vehicle, so that the effects of the active protection system also pass the vehicle.

[0008] While the military vehicle can thus be protected from the repercussions of the active protection system, the prior art solutions result in an undesirable increase in the vehicle's overall dimensions due to the placement of the active protection system on a mounting arm or at the highest point of the vehicle. Such an increase in the vehicle's overall dimensions can prove detrimental and limit the operational capabilities of the military vehicle.

[0009] For example, military vehicles often need to be loaded and transported, and an increased vehicle footprint requires additional transport volume. Furthermore, an increased vehicle footprint can be disadvantageous when driving a military vehicle, for example, when traversing rough terrain or passing under tunnels.

[0010] The invention therefore lies in the Aufgabe The underlying principle is to create a defense system that reduces the increase in the vehicle contour of a military vehicle caused by a defense system.

[0011] This problem is solved by a defense system according to claim 1 and by a method according to claim 14.

[0012] The protective device can serve to protect the military vehicle with a distance-active protection system from its repercussions, in particular from blasts and / or projectile fragments. It can be mounted directly on the vehicle. Due to the design according to the invention and the associated protective effect, the distance-active protection system can also be mounted directly on the vehicle, unlike in known solutions from the prior art, whereby a distance to it, in particular to its highest point or via a mounting arm, is no longer absolutely necessary. Because of the direct mounting of the protective device and the associated possibility of mounting the distance-active protection system directly on the vehicle, the vehicle's overall profile is reduced.

[0013] The protective device features a shield that can be movably attached to the vehicle by means of a mounting device. The shield can absorb and / or redirect the repercussions of the distance-active protection system so that they do not directly affect the vehicle. The mounting device serves to secure and allow the movement of the shield, and can be designed as an interface between the vehicle and the shield. Due to the shield's mobility, the vehicle's contours can be further reduced, particularly outside of operational situations, so that the protective device does not restrict its operational capabilities.

[0014] One embodiment of the invention provides that the protective shield can be moved from a parked position to an operational position. While the vehicle's contours can be reduced, and in particular made more compact, in the parked position, the protective shield can protect the vehicle from the effects of the distance-active protection system in the operational position. Disassembly of the protective device, especially the protective shield, outside of operational situations and subsequent reassembly can thus be avoided due to its mobility. In addition to the parked and operational positions, further positions of the protective shield can also be provided, such as an intermediate position, which can be located, in particular, between the parked and operational positions.In this context, it is also possible that when the shield is moved from its operational position to its parked position, it may be moved out of a line of sight, particularly the line of sight of an optic and / or a crew member. This can increase the field of view accordingly.

[0015] In this context, it may also be provided that the movement of the shield from the parked position to an operational position is carried out manually, for example by a crew member, hydraulically, and / or by a drive, for example by a motor. Conversely, the shield may also be movable from the operational position to the parked position. To maintain the position of the shield after it has been moved to the desired position, it can be locked accordingly.

[0016] A further advantageous embodiment provides at least one locking element for securing the shield in various positions. Such a locking element can be designed as a captive pin or a captive screw bolt and lock the shield in the various positions, particularly in the parked and deployed positions, so that the shield is held in the desired position. In the design and arrangement of the locking element, it is possible for the same locking element to lock the shield in all its positions, for example, by moving with the shield.Alternatively, it is also possible that several locking elements may be provided, each locking the shield in a different position, so that, for example, a first locking element locks the shield in the parked position and a second locking element locks the shield in the deployed position.

[0017] Since the shield, particularly in its operational position, can restrict the view of crew members and / or optics due to its placement on the vehicle, the shield has at least one viewing window for seeing through it. Especially in its operational position, the shield can reduce the field of vision of crew members and / or optics, so the viewing window allows visibility through the shield even if it is within the crew's field of view. In this context, it is possible for the viewing window to be made of armored glass, thus providing protection against repercussions even in the area of ​​the viewing window. Furthermore, the viewing window can be designed as a viewing block.Furthermore, it is also conceivable to adapt the viewing window to the design of the protective shield, in particular any angled designs, for example by also making the viewing window angled.

[0018] An advantageous design in this context provides that the viewing window is replaceable within the protective shield. This allows the viewing window to be replaced as needed, for example, if visibility is reduced due to dirt or damage. This can occur particularly because the effects of the distance-active protection system can impact the viewing window, potentially soiling and / or damaging it. However, because the viewing window is replaceable, the protective shield can remain intact, and only the viewing window needs to be replaced. Furthermore, the quick replacement process allows the viewing window to be adapted to different applications.

[0019] With regard to the viewing window, it is further proposed as an advantageous improvement that the protective device incorporate vibration protection to safeguard the viewing window from vibrations. This vibration protection can be designed as a damper and / or a support. Regardless of the shield's position, vibrations can act on the shield, and thus particularly on the viewing window, during the use of the military vehicle, for example, while driving or in combat. These vibrations can impair, and in particular worsen, the view through the viewing window. Furthermore, these vibrations can potentially damage the viewing window. To counteract the impaired view and / or damage to the viewing window, the vibration protection can shield the viewing window from vibrations, in particular by damping them.

[0020] With regard to the protective properties of the protective device, a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the protective shield is designed at an angle to deflect the reverberations of the distance-active protection system. This angled design of the protective shield not only protects the military vehicle from the reverberations of the distance-active protection system, but also allows the reverberations to be deflected away from the military vehicle, so that they no longer act primarily in the direction of the vehicle, thus increasing the protective effect. Furthermore, in connection with the geometry of the protective shield, it is possible to design it to be expandable, so that its geometry can be extended.It would therefore be particularly advantageous to adapt the geometry of the protective shield to the respective purpose, for example by adjusting the size and / or the shape and / or the angular design, especially the angle of the protective shield.

[0021] To enable the shield to be movably mounted using the mounting device, a particularly advantageous embodiment provides that the mounting device has at least one joint for moving the shield. The joint can be designed as a pivot joint for swiveling, for example, a hinge joint or a ball joint, and / or as a sliding joint for moving the shield. The at least one joint allows the shield to move into different positions by connecting it to the military vehicle. This at least one joint makes it possible for the shield to move independently of the active protection system. For example, the shield can be moved into a deployment position and remain rigidly in that position while the active protection system aligns itself accordingly and engages approaching threats.

[0022] Advantageously, the fastening device is further provided with a support structure for carrying the protective shield. This support structure can carry the protective shield and bear its load. It is possible for the support structure to move along with the protective shield, so that the relative position between the support structure and the protective shield remains constant. Alternatively, it is also possible for the support structure to remain stationary, thus changing the relative position between the support structure and the protective shield as the shield moves.

[0023] Furthermore, an advantageous embodiment of the protective device provides at least one support for bracing the protective shield. This support can brace the protective shield as soon as it is subjected to the effects of the distance-active protective system, enabling it to withstand these effects. In this context, it is advantageous if the support itself is designed as part of the mounting device, particularly as part of the support structure. For increased support, multiple supports can also be provided, and these can be interconnected by at least one support arranged transversely to them, thus further enhancing the support effect.

[0024] To enable the protective shield to be supported by the mounting device, a further advantageous embodiment provides that at least one stop is designed such that, in the event of feedback from the distance-active protective system, at least a portion of the feedback acting on the protective shield is absorbed by the mounting device via this at least one stop. The stop can be designed as part of the mounting device, in particular as part of the support structure or the support. To absorb at least a portion of the feedback acting on the protective shield, the stop can be in contact with the protective shield. This contact can exist either at all times in the form of a fixed connection, in particular a welded connection, or only when feedback occurs, in particular when the protective shield merely rests against the stop.

[0025] As a further advantageous embodiment, at least one sensor is provided for detecting at least one position of the protective shield, in particular the parked position and / or the deployed position. The sensor can serve to detect the position of the protective shield, since its mobility allows it to assume different positions, the respective position generally depending on the intended use. The sensor can be designed as an active or passive sensor, in particular as a proximity sensor or position sensor, or as a switch, in particular as a limit switch.

[0026] Another advantageous design in this context includes a control unit for processing the sensor data. The acquired sensor data can be processed by the control unit and then used further. For example, the processed sensor data can be displayed to the crew via an interface and / or transmitted to other systems of the military vehicle. The tasks of these other systems can then be executed taking the sensor data into account. Furthermore, the control unit can be coupled with a drive and / or hydraulic system for moving the shield, allowing it to control the movement accordingly. In this case, the control unit could be designed to be operated by a crew member.

[0027] In a defense system with a standoff protection system for the protection of a military vehicle, the aforementioned task is accomplished by a protective device with one of the several features mentioned above. The advantages described in connection with the protective device result from this.

[0028] An advantageous configuration of the defense system provides that the shield, when parked, serves as a cover for the active protection system. In this context, it is possible for the shield, when parked, to cover the active protection system, thus protecting it from external influences. Particularly in transport situations, for example, during the loading of the military vehicle, this can counteract potential damage to the protection system. Furthermore, it is possible that the shield does not cover the entire active protection system, but rather that the cover extends only to a portion of it, specifically to the part of the protection system that remains on the vehicle after the countermeasure has been dismantled.Furthermore, it is also possible that the protective shield in the parked position may not cover any part of the distance-active protection system, especially if this part is moved away from the distance-active protection system during the movement from the operational position to the parked position.

[0029] Another embodiment of the invention provides that the distance-active protection system is coupled to the protective device in such a way that the distance-active protection system can only be used when the protective shield is in its deployed position. The coupling of the protection system to the protective device can then ensure that the protection system can only be used when the protective shield is in a specific position, in particular the deployed position. Since protection against the effects of the distance-active protection system by the protective device can only be fully guaranteed when the protective shield is in its deployed position, this coupling can increase the operational reliability of the protective device. In this context, it would be possible for such a coupling to be controlled by a control unit.It is possible for the shield to remain in a position, particularly the deployment position, while the proactive protection system moves relative to the shield. For example, the shield can be pivoted into a position and locked there, especially in the deployment position. The proactive protection system can then target and engage an approaching threat by aligning itself, for example, by rotating.

[0030] Advantageously, the protective shield is movable independently of the distance-active protection system, in particular pivotable. It is also possible for the distance-active protection system to be movable independently of the protective shield, in particular rotatable.

[0031] Furthermore, in the case of a military vehicle of the type mentioned above, it is required that Lösung It is further proposed that, in addition to the aforementioned task, this system should include a defense system with one or more of the aforementioned features. The advantages explained in connection with the defense system or the protection system will result.

[0032] An advantageous embodiment of the military vehicle provides that the protective device can be positioned in a line between the active protection system and the object of the military vehicle to be protected. This arrangement can ensure that if the active protection system generates repercussions in the direction of the object to be protected, the protective device can absorb and / or redirect these repercussions, thus keeping them away from the object and protecting it accordingly. It is possible for the active protection system to be rotatable for engaging an approaching threat, while the protective shield can be rigidly locked in its deployed position. This allows the protective shield to remain in a line between the active protection system and the object to be protected, even when the active protection system is in motion.The protective shield can be rigid in its operational position relative to the vehicle, while the distance-active protection system moves relative to the protective shield.

[0033] In a procedure for protection against the effects of a distance-active protection system on a military vehicle with a protective device of a defense system, the following is used: Lösung The aforementioned task proposes that a protective shield be moved, in particular swiveled.

[0034] The advantages explained in connection with the protective device result. The features described in connection with the protective device can also be applied individually or in combination to the method. The described advantages result.

[0035] With regard to the procedure, it has proven advantageous that the protective shield is moved into an operational position to enable the firing of the adaptive cruise control system. In the operational position of the protective shield, the protective device shields the vehicle from the repercussions of the adaptive cruise control system. Since the protective effect against repercussions may be correspondingly reduced in the parked position of the protective shield, coupling the adaptive cruise control system and the protective device, particularly the protective shield, can be beneficial. Here, it is possible to implement the coupling in such a way that the protective system can only be released and activated when the protective shield is in the operational position.

[0036] Advantageously, the method can also include the provision that the shield is moved into a parked position to block the firing of the prone-detection protection system. Since the protective effect of the device may be reduced in the parked position, coupling the prone-detection protection system and the shield can be advantageous. This coupling can ensure that the prone-detection protection system is deactivated when the shield is moved into the parked position, thus blocking the firing function.

[0037] With regard to the procedure, it has also proven advantageous if, before the active protection system is deployed, a protective shield is moved from a parked position to an operational position to protect the vehicle from the system's repercussions, particularly by pivoting. Outside of operational situations, the protective shield can be moved to the parked position, as the active protection system is generally not intended for use outside of operational situations. In the parked position, the protective shield can reduce the vehicle's contours, thus providing the aforementioned advantages. However, if the military vehicle is in operation, where the active protection system may be deployed, the protective shield can be moved from the parked position to the operational position to protect the vehicle from the system's repercussions.

[0038] Further details and advantages of protective devices according to the invention, defense systems equipped with such protective devices, military vehicles equipped with such defense systems, and methods according to the invention are explained below by way of example with reference to the figures. These show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a military vehicle with a distance-active protection system and protective device according to the invention in a front view of the vehicle, wherein the protective shield is in the deployment position, Fig. 2 a schematic representation of the military vehicle accordingly Fig. 1 , wherein the protective shield is in the parked position, Fig. 3a and 3b shows an embodiment of the protective device according to the invention in two views, Fig. 4a and 4b shows a further embodiment of the protective device according to the invention in two views, Fig. 5a and 5b shows a protective device movably attached to a vehicle in a parked position and an operational position, Fig. 6a and 6b shows a further protective device movably attached to a vehicle in a parked position and an operational position, Fig. 7 shows a partial view of the military vehicle with two protective devices according to the invention in an oblique view, and Fig. 8a and b each show a partial view of the military vehicle with the two protective devices according to the invention. Fig. 7 in the parked position, viewed at an angle.

[0039] The Fig. 1 und 2 Figure 1 shows schematic representations of a military vehicle 100 with a distance-active protection system 200 and a protective device 1 according to the invention on each side of the vehicle 100.

[0040] Although the military vehicle 100 in the illustrations here is a tank, other land vehicles, such as off-road vehicles, or water or air vehicles, such as ships or helicopters, which have a distance-active protection system 200, can also be equipped with a corresponding protective device 1.

[0041] The protective device 1 and the active protection system 200 are components of a defense system 500. The defense system 500 serves, among other things, to protect the vehicle 100 from possible approaching threats 400 by enabling the active protection system 200 to engage and destroy them accordingly, and to protect the vehicle 100 from the repercussions R of the active protection system 200 resulting from the firing B of the threats 400.

[0042] The active protection system 200 includes a countermeasure 201, which is loaded by means of a loading device 202 of the protection system 200. The charges, in particular projectiles, projectile-forming charges or hollow-body projectiles, of the countermeasure 201 serve to engage approaching threats 400, as described in Fig. 1 is shown schematically.

[0043] According to the Fig. 1 The protective device 1 comprises a protective shield 2 and a fastening device 3, which movably attaches the protective shield 2 to the vehicle 100. The fastening device 3 has a support device 7 for carrying the protective shield 2 and a joint 8 for moving the protective shield 2.

[0044] As shown in the illustration, the protective shield 2 is in an operational position, enabling it to protect the military vehicle 100 from potential repercussions R of the active protection system 200. The protective shield 2 is positioned such that it covers the area of ​​the vehicle 100 extending from the countermeasure 201 towards the center of the vehicle, thus protecting this area from repercussions R of the active protection system 200. While the protective shield 2 is positioned vertically in this configuration, other orientations are also possible.

[0045] If, as it turns out, Fig. 1 If, as schematically depicted, a threat 400, for example in the form of a guided missile or a projectile, approaches vehicle 100 with the intention of destroying or damaging it, the threat 400 is detected by the active protection system 200 and countered by its countermeasure 201. The countermeasure B destroys the threat 400 at a distance from vehicle 100.

[0046] During the firing B by the countermeasure 201, however, backfire R also occurs simultaneously, such as blasts or projectile fragments, which act against the direction of fire and thus in the direction of vehicle 100. In order to protect the military vehicle 100 from these backfire R, they are absorbed and at least partially deflected by the protective device 1 and in particular its protective shield 2, so that the vehicle 100 is adequately protected.

[0047] Outside of operational situations, the protective shield 2 can be in a parked position, as shown in Fig. 2 This is shown schematically. In the parked position, the protective shield 2 is folded towards the side of the vehicle, although folding it inwards is also possible. In this version, the protective shield 2 is horizontally oriented in the parked position, although other orientations of the protective shield 2 in the parked position are also possible.

[0048] To move the protective shield 2 from its deployment position according to the Fig. 1 into the parking position according to Fig. 2 To transfer the countermeasure 201, it is dismantled accordingly so that the protective shield 2 can be pivoted. However, it would also be conceivable for the countermeasure 201 to remain mounted on the vehicle 100 and for the protective shield 2, in its parked position, to cover at least part of the distance-active protection system 200, thus acting as a kind of cover or lid. It is also possible to arrange the protective device 1 on the vehicle 100 in such a way that the countermeasure 201 is not covered when the protective shield 2 is in its parked position, for example, when the protective shield 2 is pivoted inwards.

[0049] When considering the different positions of the protective shield 2 of the Fig. 1 und 2 It becomes apparent that the contour of vehicle 100 can be reduced when the protective shield 2 is in parked position compared to the contour of vehicle 100 when the protective shield 2 is in operational position.

[0050] The following section will describe various configurations of the protective device 1 based on the Fig. 3 bis 6 will be explained in more detail.

[0051] The Fig. 3a und 3b Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the protective device 1 from two different perspectives. The protective device 1 comprises a protective shield 2 and a fastening device 3, the fastening device 3 serving to movably attach the protective shield 2 to a military vehicle 100.

[0052] The protective shield 2 is angled in both a horizontal plane H and a vertical plane V. This angled design can advantageously deflect the feedback R of a distance-active protection system 200 by the protective shield 2, thus protecting the vehicle 100, as described in Fig. 1 The design shown is as follows. However, taking into account the intended use or the available installation space on vehicle 100, it is also possible to design the protective shield 2 differently. For example, the protective shield 2 can also be completely flat and without any angled areas, or it can be designed with a different number of angled areas in the horizontal plane H and / or the vertical plane V. The possible angles are not limited to the horizontal plane H and / or the vertical plane V, but can also be oriented differently.

[0053] The protective shield 2 has a viewing window 4 for visibility through it. The viewing window 4 can be particularly advantageous if the protective shield 2, for example, reduces the field of vision of optics and / or a crew member of the military vehicle 100. According to the exemplary embodiment, the viewing window 4 is made of armored glass, so that the area behind the viewing window 4 is also adequately protected from the effects of the distance-active protection system 200.

[0054] The viewing window 4 is positioned in front of a shield recess 2.1 of the protective shield 2 by means of a frame 5. For this arrangement, the viewing window 4 is positioned between the frame 5 and the protective shield 2 in front of the shield recess 2.1 and fixed by screwing the frame 5 to the protective shield 2 using several screws 6. This arrangement allows the viewing window 4 to be replaced as needed, for example, if it is damaged or its view through it is obstructed.

[0055] To ensure the visibility of the viewing window 4 even in the presence of vibrations, which can occur particularly during the movement of the vehicle 100 or during the operation of the adaptive cruise control system 200, a vibration damper (not shown) is provided in frame 5. This is especially important if the viewing window 4 is made of armored glass, as vibrations can reduce visibility if the viewing window 4 itself were to vibrate. Furthermore, the vibration damper can prevent damage to the viewing window 4 caused by vibrations that may occur, for example, during the movement of the military vehicle 100 or due to the adaptive cruise control system 200. To prevent the transmission of vibrations to the viewing window 4, the vibration damper can be designed as a shock absorber.

[0056] For the movable attachment of the protective shield 2 to the military vehicle 100, the protective device 1 includes the mounting device 3. The mounting device 3 enables the movement of the protective shield 2 between different positions, such as, in particular, between a parked position and an operational position.

[0057] The mounting device 3 has a support device 7 which carries the protective shield 2. The support device 7 consists of four vertical supports 7.1 and two horizontal supports 7.2, the horizontal supports 7.2 being not continuous but divided into several sections. The supports 7.1 and 7.2 are arranged in a transverse grid structure. The supports 7.1 and 7.2 serve to support the protective shield 2, particularly when feedback R from the distance-active protective system 200 occurs, with the grid structure enabling advantageous force transmission and distribution into the supports 7.1 and 7.2 and into the mounting device 3, respectively. However, different configurations are also possible, especially considering the intended use of the protective device 1. For example, the number of supports 7.1 and 7.2 could be...2 and / or the angles between the connection points of supports 7.1, 7.2 and / or the design of supports 7.1, 7.2 can be varied. Furthermore, it is also possible to design supports 7.1, 7.2 not as part of the support structure 7, but as separate components of the protective device 1.

[0058] The support device 7 further comprises a total of four stops 7.3, although a different number is also possible, which are designed as part of the vertical supports 7.1. The support device 7 is connected to the protective shield 2 by means of the stops 7.3. The connection is designed to be permanent, for example by welding, but can alternatively be designed to be detachable, for example by bolting. The connection between the protective shield 2 and the support device 7 allows, via the stops 7.3, the at least partial transmission of the feedback R from the protective shield 2 into the support device 7, in particular into the vertical supports 7.1.

[0059] The mounting device 3 has three joints 8 for moving the protective shield 2. The joints 8 are attached to a first side of the protective shield 2 and can be attached to the military vehicle 100 on the opposite side, so that the protective shield 2 can be moved, in this case pivoted, by means of the joints 8. The movement of the joints 8 occurs about an axis A, whereby the protective shield 2 is moved accordingly about this axis A. Since the axis A results from the arrangement of the joints 8, an arrangement of the joints 8 that deviates from the exemplary embodiment, for example on the support device 7, is also possible. Particularly in view of the available installation space for the protective device 1 on the vehicle 100, a differently oriented axis A can be quite advantageous, for example if the protective device 1 and especially its protective shield 2 has to be pivoted past a superstructure of the vehicle 100.

[0060] The protective shield 2 can be movably attached to the vehicle 100 by means of the fastening device 3, such that when the joints 8 are moved, the support device 7 and the protective shield 2 connected to it are also moved. In the design according to the Fig. 3a, 3b The carrier device 7 is moved along with the protective shield 2.

[0061] Alternatively, the joints 8 can be arranged not on the protective shield 2, but on the support device 7. In this case, if the support device 7 moves, the protective shield 2 would move along with it, provided there is a fixed connection between the protective shield 2 and the support device 7.

[0062] The fastening device 3 further comprises two locking elements 9 for locking the protective shield 2 in different positions. Depending on the embodiment, the locking elements 9 can be designed as captive screw bolts 9.1 or captive locking pins 9.2.

[0063] The locking elements 9 enable the protective shield 2 to be locked immobile in various positions relative to the vehicle 100. The distance-active protection system 200, in particular the countermeasure 201, can target an approaching threat 400, for example by a rotational movement, while the protective shield 2 remains stationary in the respective position.

[0064] As a counterpart to the locking elements 9, the fastening device 3 has two locking receptacles 10. The locking receptacles 10 are essentially fork-shaped, with the first locking receptacle 10.1 having only one fork arm and the second locking receptacle 10.2 having two opposing fork arms. The fork arm of the first locking receptacle 10.1 has a threaded bore for receiving the screw bolt 9.1, and the fork arms of the second locking receptacle 10.2 each have a bore. To lock the protective shield 2 in a position, the locking elements 9 are inserted into the locking receptacles 10 as shown in the illustrations. Fig. 3a und 3b The locking receptacles 10 are installed, in particular by being plugged or screwed in. They are designed as part of the support device 7, specifically as part of the vertical supports 7.1.

[0065] In the Fig. 4a und 4b Figure 1 shows a further embodiment of the protective device 1. The protective device 1 has the essential features of the first embodiment according to the figure. Fig. 3a und 3b This section focuses particularly on the differences between the two versions. However, the aforementioned advantages of the first version also apply to this second version and are by no means negated by the subsequent discussion of the differences.

[0066] The protective device 1 according to the Fig. 4a und 4b The device features a protective shield 2 that can be moved by means of a fastening device 3, but which has different dimensions compared to the previously described design. The dimensions of the protective shield 2 can be adapted as required, particularly taking into account the installation space for the protective device 1 on a military vehicle 100.

[0067] In this version, the shield 2 is also angled and features an angled viewing window 4 adapted to the shield 2. The surface of the viewing window 4 is flush with the surface of the shield 2 on one side. The angled design of the viewing window 4 can be particularly advantageous when a large area of ​​the shield 2 needs to be visible, for example, because the shield covers a large field of view of optics and / or a crew member. Alternatively, however, it is also possible to design the viewing window 4 to be flat.

[0068] The protective device 1 further comprises a frame 5, which is arranged on the protective shield 2. The frame 5 is permanently connected to the protective shield 2, for example by welding, although it would also be conceivable to provide a detachable connection, for example by screws. The frame 5 surrounds a shield recess 2.1, into which the viewing window 4 is fitted. In addition, it is possible that the viewing window 4 is clamped and / or glued into the shield recess 2.1. To simplify the installation of the viewing window 4 in the shield recess 2.1, the corners of the viewing window 4 can be chamfered, for example to allow a fitter to grip it from behind during installation.

[0069] The fastening device 3 has a support device 7, which has two vertical supports 7.1 and one horizontal support 7.2. The protective shield 2 is arranged on the support device 7 via stops 7.3, which are formed as part of the vertical supports 7.1.

[0070] The fastening device 3 further comprises two joints 8, which are arranged on the protective shield 2. Alternatively, it would also be possible to arrange the joints 8 on the support device 7. The spaced arrangement of the joints 8 also results in the following in this embodiment: Fig. 4a und 4b an axis A, which is the pivot axis of the joints 8 and simultaneously the pivot axis of the protective shield 2.

[0071] A difference in the protective device 1 according to Fig. 4a, 4b in comparison to the previously described design according to Fig. 3a, 3b This is evident when considering the locking elements 9 and the locking receptacles 10. The two locking receptacles 10 are fork-shaped, each with a fork arm, each of which has a bore, for example, a threaded bore. The protective shield 2 can be attached to the vehicle 100 by means of the locking receptacles 10, for example, by creating a screw connection between the locking receptacles 10 and the vehicle 100. The locking receptacles 10 are connected by means of a bridge 10.4.

[0072] The locking elements 9 serve to lock the protective shield 2 and are designed as screw bolts 9.1. The screw bolts 9.1 connect the support device 7 to the locking receptacles 10. When the protective shield 2 is moved from a first position, for example the deployment position, to a second position, for example the parked position, the locking of the locking elements 9 is released, so that the locking receptacles 10 together with the bridge 10.4 remain stationary and rigidly attached to the vehicle 100, and the support device 7 with the joints 8 and the protective shield 2 is moved.

[0073] According to Fig. 4a The protective shield 2 is in the parked position. In the parked position, the protective shield 2 is attached to the vehicle 100 by means of the fastening device 3, namely both via the joints 8 (not visible in this illustration) and via the support device 7. Also according to Fig. 4b As can be seen in the figure showing the protective shield 2 in its deployed position, it is attached to the vehicle 100 by means of the fastening device 3, namely via the joints 8 and the support device 7. However, other configurations for attaching the protective shield 2 to the vehicle 100 are also conceivable, e.g., an arrangement in which the protective shield 2 is attached directly to the vehicle 100 via a joint without a support device, or in which the support device incorporates the joint.

[0074] The Fig. 5a und 5b Figure 1 shows a protective device 1 according to the invention, comprising a protective shield 2 which is movably attached to a military vehicle 100 by means of a fastening device 3. The protective device 1 represents a third embodiment, the design being essentially similar to the first two embodiments as shown in the preceding illustrations. Fig. 3 and 4The aforementioned advantages of the first two versions therefore also apply to this version, and the following discussion will focus in particular on further features and aspects of the protective device 1.

[0075] In the Fig. 5a The protective shield 2 is shown in a parked position. In the parked position, the contour of vehicle 100 is compared to an operational position, such as this one. Fig. 5b The protective shield 2 is positioned flat against the roof of vehicle 100 in the parking position, although other positions are also possible as the parking position.

[0076] The protective shield 2 is held in the parked position by the fastening device 3, in particular by the support device 7, and locked in this position by means of the locking elements 9. The protective shield 2 is spaced apart from the roof of the vehicle 100, thus preventing the transmission of vibrations to the protective shield 2 via the roof. However, it would also be conceivable to allow the protective shield 2 to rest on the roof, so that locking it would not be necessary in at least one position, in particular the parked position.

[0077] The locking elements 9 are inserted into the locking receptacles 10. The screw bolt 9.1 is screwed into the first locking receptacle 10.1, and the bolt 9.2 is inserted into the bores of the second locking receptacle 10.2. It is advantageous that the locking elements 9 are secured by certain means and thus designed to be captive, such as by a cotter pin, a retaining ring, or the preload of a spring.

[0078] To lock the protective shield 2 in the parked position, vehicle 100 is provided with two parking brackets 11. During locking, the parking brackets 11 are engaged by the locking receptacles 10, so that when the locking elements 9 are inserted, they are simultaneously inserted through the parking brackets 11. The parking brackets 11 are therefore designed to correspond to the locking elements 9 and the locking receptacles 10 of the protective device 1.

[0079] The design of the parking brackets 11 also refers to Fig. 5b The first parking bracket 11.1 has a partial bore that intersects its outer edge, allowing the shaft of the screw bolt 9.1 to be inserted into this partial bore without completely detaching the screw bolt 9.1 from the locking receptacle 10.1. When the screw bolt 9.1 is then screwed into the locking receptacle 10.1, a screw connection is established between the locking receptacle 10.1 and the parking bracket 11.1, thus locking the protective shield 2.

[0080] The second parking bracket 11.2 is provided with a bore so that the bolt 9.2 is inserted through this bore when it is placed in the locking receptacle 10.2. Once locked, the locking elements 9 prevent any movement of the protective shield 2, thus keeping it in the parked position.

[0081] When selecting the locking elements 9, further combinations of screw bolts 9.1 and bolts 9.2 are also possible. For example, two screw bolts 9.1 or two bolts 9.2 could also be used as locking elements 9. The ones in the Fig. 5a und 5b The implemented combination of screw bolt 9.1 and bolt 9.2, however, has the advantage that the screw connection between locking receptacle 10.1 and parking bracket 11.1 creates a tension, thus reducing the transmission of vibrations to the guard 1, which can occur, for example, when driving the military vehicle 100. The screw connection firmly fixes the guard 1 in the parked position, thereby counteracting any potential vibrations of the guard 1.

[0082] A sensor 15 (not shown in detail) is also arranged on the parking bracket 11.2. This sensor is designed as a position sensor and serves to detect the various positions of the protective shield 2. Using the sensor data, the protective device 1 and the distance-active protection system 200 can be coupled such that the protection system 200, in particular the countermeasure 201, is only activated when the protective shield 2 is in the deployed position and / or blocked when the protective shield 2 is in the parked position. This further enhances the protective effect of the protective device 1 by preventing any feedback R acting on the vehicle 100 while the protective shield 2 is in the parked position.

[0083] To couple the protective device 1 and the distance-active protection system 200, the sensor data generated by sensor 15 are transmitted to a control unit 16 (not shown in detail), which evaluates the sensor data accordingly and blocks or releases the distance-active protection system 200 based on this sensor data. The coupling between sensor 15 and control unit 16 can be established via cable or, alternatively, wirelessly, in particular via a radio connection.

[0084] In this context, as an alternative to a separate control unit 16, it would also be possible to use an existing control unit 16 of the vehicle 100 and in particular of the distance-active protection system 200 to process the sensor data and to do without an additional control unit 16.

[0085] One possible arrangement of the control unit 16 is shown schematically in the Fig. 1 und 2 The control unit 16 is shown in the diagram, located in the military vehicle 100, although other arrangements are possible. In particular, the control unit can also be combined with the control unit of the protection system 200.

[0086] To move shield 2 from the parking position according to Fig. 5a into the operational position according to Fig. 5b To transfer the device, the locking elements 9 are released and the protective shield 2 is then pivoted.

[0087] For this purpose, the screw bolt 9.1 inserted in the locking receptacle 10.1 and the bolt 9.2 inserted in the locking receptacle 10.2 are loosened, so that the locking receptacles 10 are released. In order not to lose the locking elements 9 when loosening them, especially if the locking elements 9 remain partially in the locking receptacles 10, it is conceivable to design the locking elements 9 to be captive.

[0088] Once the locking elements 9 are released, the protective shield 2 can be moved by means of the mounting device 3, in particular by means of the joints 8. In the exemplary embodiment, the protective shield 2 is pivoted with the support device 7 via joints 8, which are not visible in these illustrations. The pivoting movement is performed manually, for example by a crew member, although it is also possible to perform the movement automatically, for example by a drive and / or hydraulics.

[0089] The movement of shield 2 starts in the parked position according to Fig. 5a and ends in the deployment position according to Fig. 5b . During the movement of the protective shield 2, the entire support device 7 is moved along with it, so that the locking receptacles 10 arranged on the support device 7, including the locking elements 9, are also moved along with it.

[0090] Upon reaching the operational position according to Fig. 5b The protective shield 2 is locked in place by means of the locking elements 9. For locking purposes, mounting brackets 12 are provided on the military vehicle 100. These are designed to correspond to the locking elements 9 and locking receptacles 10, so that when the locking elements 9 are inserted into the locking receptacles 10, a connection to the mounting brackets 12 is established. In this design of the protective device 1, it is thus provided that the same locking elements 9 are used to lock the protective shield 2 in its various positions.

[0091] For this purpose, the first mounting bracket 12.1 is provided with a bore through which the screw bolt 9.1 is inserted during locking. By screwing the screw bolt 9.1 into the locking receptacle 10.1, a connection, in this case a screw connection, is established between the locking receptacle 10.1 and the mounting bracket 12.1 or the vehicle 100. The screw connection offers the aforementioned advantages regarding vibration reduction.

[0092] The bolt 9.2 is inserted into the locking receptacle 10.2 by the second insert holder 12.2. The insert holder 12.2 also has a bore for this purpose and can be designed similarly to or identically to the first insert holder 12.1.

[0093] In contrast to the parking brackets 11, the deployment brackets 12 are designed to be more massive, since when using a distance-active protection system 200 at least some of its feedback R can also be transferred to the deployment brackets 12 via the protective shield 2 and the support device 7.

[0094] In the Fig. 5b In the figure representing the operational position of the protective shield 2, the protective shield 2 is positioned relative to the vehicle 100. The protective shield 2 is positioned in such a way that objects of the vehicle 100 located behind it are protected from the repercussions R of the distance-active protection system 200 (not shown in detail).

[0095] To provide additional support for the protective device 1 in its operational position, the design according to the Fig. 5a und 5b It is intended that the parking brackets 11 support the protective shield 2. For this purpose, the parking brackets 11 rest against the erected protective shield 2. Alternatively, however, it would also be conceivable that the parking brackets 11 rest against the support device 7, in particular its supports 7.1, 7.2.

[0096] A fourth embodiment of a protective device 1 according to the invention is described in the Fig. 6a und 6b The protective device 1 has an angled shield 2, which is movably attached to a military vehicle 100 by means of a fastening device 3. The design of this embodiment is also similar to the preceding embodiments, so that the aforementioned advantages also apply to this embodiment. Therefore, further features and aspects will be discussed in more detail below.

[0097] The Fig. 6a Figure 2 represents the protective shield 2 in a parked position. The protective shield 2 is flat in relation to the vehicle 100 and thus advantageously reduces the vehicle contour.

[0098] In contrast to the previous embodiments, two joints 8 are arranged directly on the protective shield 2, thus enabling a pivoting movement of the protective shield 2 about an axis A, which runs through the joints 8. Since the pivot points of the joints 8 are located at different distances from the roof of the vehicle 100, the axis A is oriented obliquely relative to the roof of the vehicle 100. The orientation of the axis A results from the arrangement of the joints 8 on the shield 2 and on the vehicle 100. By appropriately designing and arranging the joints 8, it is possible to adjust the orientation of the axis A, in particular to the installation space and / or the intended use of the protective device 1.

[0099] To support the protective shield 2, the fastening device 3 of the protective device 1 also has a support device 7 in this embodiment. The support device 7 is similar to the embodiment according to Fig. 4a, 4b designed and features supports 7.1, 7.2.

[0100] The fastening device 3 further comprises two locking elements 9 in the form of screw bolts 9.1 and two locking receptacles 10 connected via a bridge 10.4. This differs from the previously described embodiment according to Fig. 5a und 5b The captive screw bolts 9.1 serve to connect the carrier device 7 and the locking receptacles 10 in the operating position and not the locking receptacles 10 and the parking brackets 11 or operating brackets 12. The connection between the vehicle 100 and the locking receptacles 10 is realized by means of four screw bolts 14.

[0101] The locking receptacles 10 each have a bore for receiving the locking elements 9. A sensor 15 for detecting the different positions of the protective shield 2 is provided in one of the bores. This sensor 15 is designed according to Fig. 6a und 6b It is designed as a switch, and different types of sensors can be used. Various arrangements of the sensor 15 are also possible. The sensor data from the sensor 15 is transmitted to and processed by a control unit 16 as described above.

[0102] Due to the design of the protective device 1 according to Fig. 6a und 6b When the protective shield 2 is moved, the support device 7 is moved with it, and the locking receptacles 10 and the bridge 10.4 connecting the locking receptacles 10 remain rigidly attached to the vehicle 100.

[0103] Furthermore, only the locking of the protective shield 2 in the deployment position, as shown in Fig. 6b depicted, taken over by the locking elements 9, whereas the protective shield 2 is locked in the park position by a locking connector 13.

[0104] To lock the protective shield 2 in the parking position according to Fig. 6a Therefore, a locking receptacle 10.3 is additionally provided on the protective shield 2. The locking receptacle 10.3 has a bore which can then receive a bolt 13.1 of the locking connector 13, thus locking the protective shield 2. Alternatively, the bore of the locking receptacle 10.3 can be threaded so that a screw bolt can be used for locking. Furthermore, it is possible to equip the protective shield 2 with additional locking receptacles 10.3, which can, for example, reduce vibrations.

[0105] In this embodiment, the gap between the protective shield 2 and the roof of the vehicle 100 in the parked position is bridged by means of the locking connector 13. The locking connector 13 has a central connecting piece 13.2, which is length-adjustable by screwing it in and out, and at each end of which a receptacle 13.3 is arranged. The receptacles 13.3 receive the bolts 13.1 for locking the protective shield 2. The bolts 13.1 can be designed as simple locking pins or as spring-loaded bolts, with a captive design being advantageous.

[0106] To lock the protective shield 2 in the parking position according to Fig. 6a one end of the locking connector 13 remains connected to the vehicle 100 and the second end is connected to the locking receptacle 10.3, so that the bolt 13.1 locks the protective shield 2.

[0107] In the Fig. 6b The protective shield 2 is shown in its deployed position. The protective shield 2 is secured by means of the screw bolts 9.1, which connect the support device 7 to the locking receptacles 10. The locking receptacles 10 have corresponding bores for this purpose, which are located in the Fig. 6a are shown.

[0108] The carrier device 7 is connected to the locking receptacles 10 in the deployment position of the protective shield 2 by means of the locking elements 9, so that any resulting feedback R of a distance-active protection system 200 (not shown) is absorbed by the protective shield 2 and dissipated via the fastening device 3.

[0109] The locking connector 13 remains in the operating position of the protective shield 2 on the vehicle 100, whereby it is also conceivable to arrange the locking connector 13 or a part of the locking connector 13, in particular the bolt 13.1, in the operating position on the protective shield 2.

[0110] In Fig. 7 A military vehicle 100 equipped with active protection systems 200 is shown. To protect against rebound R, two protective devices 1 are arranged on the turret of the vehicle 100, near its outer sides. Alternatively, the protective device 1 can also be positioned elsewhere on the vehicle 100. For example, the protective device 1 could be located directly on the hull or centrally on the turret. Furthermore, it can be positioned on the roof or on the side walls of the vehicle. The protective device 1 should be positioned along the outer contour of the vehicle.

[0111] The protective device 1 shown in the upper part of the illustration corresponds to the design shown. Fig. 6a und 6b , wherein the protective device 1 shown in the lower part of the illustration is of the design of Fig. 5a und 5b This corresponds to the advantages discussed previously. The protective devices 1 offer the advantages discussed above.

[0112] The protective devices 1 and the proximity-activated protection systems 200 are components of a defense system 500 according to the invention. The protective devices 1 serve to protect against the repercussions R of the proximity-activated protection systems 200 and are therefore arranged on the vehicle 100 such that they are each located in a line between the proximity-activated protection system 200 and the objects 300 to be protected, in particular optics 301 and hatches 302, 303. It follows that the protective shields 2 of the protective devices 1 cover an area of ​​the vehicle 100 which is protected against the repercussions R. In this context, it is conceivable to adapt the protective shield 2 to the available installation space on the vehicle 100. This adaptation can also be carried out directly on site, for example by extending the protective shield 2 by welding and / or bolting it on.

[0113] In this context, it is also possible that a defense system 500 according to the invention has only one protective device 1 and a distance-active protection system 200, or alternatively a plurality of these.

[0114] Furthermore, the protective devices 1 are in accordance with the Fig. 7 The protective shields 2 are arranged on the vehicle 100 in such a way that, when being moved from the depicted operational position to the parked position, they are swung out of the line of sight of the crew members, who are, for example, located in hatches 302, 303, and / or the optics 301. In order to maintain the line of sight of the crew members and / or optics 301 even in the operational position of the protective shield 2, as shown in Fig. 7 To prevent a significant reduction, a viewing window 4 is provided in each of the protective shields 2.

[0115] The distance-active protection system 200 comprises a countermeasure 201 and a charging device 202, wherein the countermeasure 201 is rotatable. Upon an approaching threat 400, the countermeasure 201 rotates in the direction of the approaching threat 400 and fires upon it, thereby generating reverberations R that act in the direction of the vehicle 100. The reverberations R are absorbed and redirected by the protective devices 1, in particular their shield 2, so that the vehicle 100, and in particular its protected objects 300, are protected.

[0116] In this context, it is also possible that the distance-active protection system 200 is coupled to the protective device 1 in such a way that the distance-active protection system 200 can only be used when the protective shield 2 is in the deployment position. This would prevent feedback effects R from occurring while the protective shield 2 is in the parked position by blocking the distance-active protection system 200 in the parked position and releasing it in the deployment position.

[0117] Outside of operational situations, the protective shield 2 can be moved from the depicted operational position to a parking position, which is located in the Fig. 8a und 8b are shown. Fig. 8a shows the area in the upper part of the Fig. 7 The protective device 1 shown is in the park position, which Fig. 8b those in the lower area of ​​the Fig. 7 Protective device 1 shown in the parking position.

[0118] To move the protective shields 2 from the deployment position to the parking position shown, the countermeasure 201 of the distance-active protection system 200 is dismantled and the protective shield 2 is moved according to the preceding description. According to the Fig. 8a und 8b In this case, at least part of the distance-active protection system 200, in particular the charging device 202, can remain on the vehicle, so that the protective shield 2 serves as a kind of cover for the distance-active protection system 200 in the parked position. However, it would also be conceivable not to dismantle the countermeasure 201 and to design the protective shield 2 in such a way that it serves as a cover for the entire distance-active protection system 200, and in particular for the countermeasure 201, in the parked position.

[0119] The design of the protective devices 1 stipulates that the movement of the respective protective shield 2 into its various positions is carried out manually by a crew member. It would also be conceivable to provide a motor to move the protective shield 2. When moving the protective shield 2 from the operational position to the parked position relative to the vehicle 100, it is swung outwards, thus reducing the vehicle 100's overall profile. Reference symbol:

[0120] 1 Protective device 2 Protective shield 2.1 Shield recess 3 Fastening device 4 Viewing window 5 Frame 6 Screws 7 Support device 7.1 Vertical support 7.2 Horizontal support 7.3 Stop 8 Joint 9 Locking element 9.1 Screw bolt 9.2 Bolt 10 Locking receptacle 10.1 First locking receptacle 10.2 Second locking receptacle 10.3 Third locking receptacle 10.4 Bridge 11 Parking bracket 11.1 First parking bracket 11.2 Second parking bracket 12 Insert bracket 12.1 First insert bracket 12.2 Second insert bracket 13 Locking connector 13.1 Bolt 13.2 Connecting piece 13.3 Receptacle 14 Screw bolt 15 Sensor 16 Control unit 100 military vehicle 200 active protection system 201 countermeasure 202 loading device 300 object to be protected 301 optics 302 first hatch 303 second hatch 400 threat 500 defense system B-bombing R-effects

Claims

1. Defence system with a distance-active protection system (200) for protecting a military vehicle (100) and a protection device (1) for the military vehicle (100) for protecting the latter against the retroactive effects (R) of the distance-active protection system (200) on the vehicle (100), wherein the protection device (1) has a protective shield (2) which can be movably, in particular pivotably, attached to the vehicle (100) by means of a fastening device (3) and which has an observation window (4) for viewing through the protective shield (2), wherein the protective shield (2) is movable from a parking position to an operating position and wherein the distance-active protection system (200) is coupled to the protection device (1) in such a way that the distance-active protection system (200) is configured to only be used in the operating position.

2. Defence system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by a locking element (9) for locking the protective shield (2) in different positions of the protective shield (2).

3. Defence system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the observation window (4) is arranged interchangeably in the protective shield (2).

4. Defence system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by vibration protection for protecting the observation window (4) against vibrations.

5. Defence system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the protective shield (2) is designed at an angle to deflect the retroactive effects (R) of the distance-active protection system (200).

6. Defence system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the fastening device (3) has a carrier device (7) for carrying the protective shield (2).

7. Defence system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by at least one support (7.1, 7.2) for supporting the protective shield (2).

8. Defence system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one stop (7.3) is designed such that, in the event of retroactive effects (R) of the distance-active protection system (200), at least part of the retroactive effects (R) acting on the protective shield (2) is absorbed by the fastening device (3) via the at least one stop (7.3).

9. Defence system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by at least one sensor (15) for detecting at least one position of the protective shield (2), in particular the parking position and / or the operating position.

10. Defence system according to claim 9, characterised by a control unit (16) for processing the sensor data.

11. Defence system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the protective shield (2), in particular in a parking position, serves as a cover for the distance-active protection system (200).

12. Military vehicle characterised by a defence system (500) according to one of the preceding claims.

13. Military vehicle according to claim 12, characterised in that the protection device (1) can be arranged in a line between the distance-active protection system (200) and an object to be protected (300) of the military vehicle (100).

14. Method for protecting a military vehicle (100) against the retroactive effects of a distance-active protection system (200) comprising a defence system (500) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the protective shield (2) is moved, in particular pivoted.

15. Method according to claim 14, characterised in that, to allow the distance-active protection system (200) to fire, the protective shield (2) is moved into an operating position.