Lubricant composition containing an ionic liquid

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a lubricant composition containing an ionic liquid and its use.

[0002] It is known that ionic liquids can be used as additives in lubricants such as lubricating greases and oils. This can positively influence tribologically relevant properties such as friction, wear, and electrical conductivity. Particularly good results are achieved with ionic liquids containing CFx groups. These groups are typically present in the anions and, as additives in lubricants, improve their thermal resilience and electrical conductivity. Due to its excellent thermal and hydrolytic stability, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (bta) is an important representative of these anions.

[0003] However, a disadvantage of compounds containing CFx is that these groups are not biodegradable and ionic liquids containing such groups are consequently persistent.

[0004] From EP3872154 (A1) a lubricant composition is known, comprising a) a lubricant, in particular containing a non-polar base oil, b) a first ionic liquid which is soluble in polyalphaolefin (PAO), in particular in PAO 400 / 40, produced from 1-decene as monomer component, c) a second ionic liquid which is insoluble in polyalphaolefin (PAO), in particular in PAO 400 / 40, produced from 1-decene as monomer component.

[0005] Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide has been mentioned as a possible second ionic liquid. However, it is known to those skilled in the art that ionic liquids based on bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) as the anion have significantly lower thermal stability than ionic liquids containing CFx groups. This can be explained primarily by the fact that the fsi anion lacks strong carbon-fluorine bonds, which negatively impacts the overall stability of the molecule.

[0006] A further disadvantage of the described lubricant composition is that the use of two different ionic liquids increases the complexity of the manufacturing process and thus the associated manufacturing costs, as well as that the lubricant composition is limited to non-polar base oils. While non-polar base oils may contain a polar component, this is always less than 50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the base oil.

[0007] EP2164935B1 describes the use of selected ionic liquids with fluorine-containing anions in lubricant compositions to reduce aging phenomena of the lubricant and to reduce electrical resistance.

[0008] US 2009 / 270286 A1 describes lubricating oil compositions based on mixtures of ionic liquids, wherein the lubricating oil composition contains a bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion.

[0009] US 2013 / 053287 A1 describes synthetic lubricants containing an ionic liquid and an imidazolium phosphate ester salt. The preferred ionic liquid is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide.

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant composition that does not require the use of ionic liquids containing BTA and yet still exhibits good tribologically relevant properties with regard to friction, wear, and electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the lubricant composition should exhibit sufficient temperature stability, preferably at least 180°C, and be able to contain a high proportion of polar base oils.

[0011] This task is solved by a lubricant composition comprising: a) 20 to 99.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of a base oil, wherein the base oil has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least 3 wt.% at a room temperature of 20°C and wherein the base oil comprises a base oil A in a proportion of at least 50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the base oil, wherein the base oil A has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least 3 wt.% at a room temperature of 20°C, b) 0.5 to 80 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of an ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, wherein the base oil A is an ester and / or a polyglycol.

[0012] According to the invention, it was found that with the lubricant composition it is possible to dispense with the use of ionic liquids containing bta and still achieve good tribologically relevant properties with regard to friction, wear and electrical

[0013] Conductivity. Furthermore, the lubricant composition can contain a high proportion of polar base oils and also has sufficient temperature stability, preferably at least 180°C. The high temperature stability of the lubricant composition according to the invention was surprising, since ionic liquids based on bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide as anion are known to have only low thermal stability. Without committing to a specific mechanism, it is suspected that the surprisingly high thermal stability of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide as anion in the lubricant according to the invention is due to solubilization by the base oil, which has a stabilizing effect. Stabilization by preventing or delaying autocatalytic effects by the base oil is also conceivable.

[0014] According to the invention, the lubricant composition comprises a base oil that has a solubility of at least 3 wt.% for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C. This solubility demonstrates the high polarity of the base oil. The base oil further contains a base oil A, which also has a solubility of at least 3 wt.% for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C. The solubility of the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is preferably determined as described in the Test Methods chapter.

[0015] The base oil may contain one or more base oils A and, optionally, base oils other than base oil A. According to the invention, however, the lubricant composition preferably contains no other base oils besides the base oil.

[0016] The base oil has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least 3 wt.%, preferably at least 5 wt.%, more preferably at least 10 wt.% at a room temperature of 20°C.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil at a room temperature of 20°C has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at least in the range from 3 wt.% to 30 and / or at least in the range from 5 wt.% to 30 wt.%, and / or at least in the range from 10 wt.% to 30 wt.% and / or at least in the range from 3 wt.% to 20 wt.%, and / or at least in the range from 5 wt.% to 20 wt.%, and / or at least in the range from 10 wt.% to 20 wt.%, and / or at least in the range from 3 wt.% to 15 wt.% and / or at least in the range from 5 wt.% to 15 wt.% and / or at least in the range from 10 wt.% to 15 wt.%.

[0018] The base oil A has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least 3 wt.%, preferably at least 5 wt.%, more preferably at least 10 wt.% at a room temperature of 20°C.

[0019] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil A at a room temperature of 20°C has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least in the range from 3% by weight to 99% by weight and / or at least in the range from 5% by weight to 99% by weight, and / or at least in the range from 10% by weight to 99% by weight and / or at least in the range from 3% by weight to 80% by weight, and / or at least in the range from 5% by weight to 80% by weight, and / or at least in the range from 10% by weight to 80% by weight, and / or at least in the range from 3% by weight to 15% by weight and / or at least in the range from 5% by weight to 15% by weight and / or at least in the range from 10% by weight to 15% by weight.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the base oil A is present in a proportion of 50 to 100 wt.% and / or in a proportion of more than 55 wt.%, for example from 55 to 100 wt.%, and / or in a proportion of more than 60 wt.%, for example from 60 to 100 wt.%, more preferably in a proportion of more than 70 wt.%, for example from 70 to 100 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the base oil.

[0021] The proportion of base oil, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, is 20 wt.% to 99.5 wt.%, preferably 40 wt.% to 95%, more preferably 60 wt.% to 90%, even more preferably 70 wt.% to 95% and in particular 75 wt.% to 85 wt.%.

[0022] The proportion of base oil A based on the total weight of the lubricant composition is preferably 10 wt.% to 99.5 wt.%, more preferably 35 wt.% to 95 wt.%, even more preferably 40 wt.% to 90 wt.%, in particular 35 wt.% to 85 wt.%.

[0023] According to the invention, base oil A is an ester and / or a polyglycol, wherein the polyglycol is preferably a polyglycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as the carbon group in the repeating unit. A particularly preferred polyglycol is a polyalkylene glycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as the carbon group in the repeating unit, preferably a polyalkylene glycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units and methyl-substituted ethylene units as the carbon group in the repeating unit. A likewise preferred polyglycol is a polyalkylene glycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as the carbon group in the repeating unit, wherein the weight fraction of the unsubstituted ethylene units is preferably at least 20 wt.% based on the total weight of the polyglycol, for example 20 wt.% to 100 wt.%, preferably at least 30 wt.% based on the total weight of the polyglycol, for example 30 wt.% to 100 wt.%.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the ester has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of more than 0.1, for example from 0.1 to 0.35, preferably more than 0.15, for example from 0.15 to 0.30 and / or the polyglycol has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of more than 0.44, for example from 0.44 to 0.70, preferably more than 0.50, for example from 0.50 to 0.68.

[0025] A particularly preferred polyglycol is selected from homopolymers of ethylene oxide as the sole monomer and / or copolymers with unsubstituted ethyl groups and 1-methylethyl groups as carbon groups in the repeating unit, wherein the weight fraction of the unsubstituted ethylene units in the copolymers is preferably at least 20 wt.% based on the total weight of the polyglycol, for example 20 wt.% to 90 wt.%, preferably at least 30 wt.% based on the total weight of the polyglycol, for example 30 wt.% to 90 wt.%. The end groups of the particularly preferred polyglycol are, independently of one another, preferably hydroxide groups and / or C1-C20 alkoxide groups, preferably C1-C6 alkoxide groups. The alkoxide end groups can be additionally substituted. The end groups can be introduced during the preparation of the polyglycol by reacting the monomeric ethylene oxides with a monofunctional initiator.Monofunctional starters are preferably water and alcohols, especially butanol. Two or more chains of the polyglycol can also be linked via an end group. Alkyl groups are preferred as the linking end group. This can be achieved during the production of the polyglycol from ethylene oxides using a nucleophilic di- or higher-functional starter. Examples of difunctional starters are diols, especially 1,2-ethanediol.

[0026] Preferred esters are carboxylic acid esters, preferably monoesters, diesters, triesters, tetraesters, pentaesters, polyesters, preferably estolides. Particular preference is given to diesters, triesters, tetraesters, pentaesters, polyesters, estolides, and mixtures thereof. Likewise preferred carboxylic acid esters are aromatic esters, preferably of aromatic C8 to C20, preferably C8 to C10, di-, tri-, or tetracarboxylic acids with one or more aliphatic C7 to C22 alcohols, and aliphatic esters, preferably of aliphatic C4 to C22 monocarboxylic acids and / or dicarboxylic acids with one or more aliphatic mono-, di-, tri-, tetra, penta, or hexa-alcohols having a carbon number of 3 to 22, present individually or in mixtures, preferably polyol esters, such as preferably complex esters, estolides, and mixtures thereof.The acid and / or alcohol component and / or hydroxycarboxylic acid component of the carboxylic acid esters, independently of one another, preferably has a number of carbon atoms from C3 to C54. Preferred acid components have a number of carbon atoms from C4 to C22, preferred alcohol components have a number of carbon atoms from C3 to C22, and / or preferred hydroxycarboxylic acid components have a number of carbon atoms from C14 to C22. Preferred diesters are diesters whose acid component has fewer than 36 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms. An advantage of these esters is their good solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide.

[0027] Estolides are oligomeric aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acids, preferably 12-hydroxystearic acid or oligomers of unsaturated carboxylic acids, preferably oleic acid, in which the terminal carboxylic acid group is esterified with a monoalcohol, dialcohol, trialcohol, and / or tetraalcohol, preferably branched monoalcohols, most preferably Guerbet alcohols, and in which any free hydroxide groups present can be esterified by reaction with monocarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acids. Particular preference is given to aliphatic esters of monocarboxylic acids and / or dicarboxylic acids having a carbon number of C3 to C20, preferably C6 to C20, with a mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and / or hexa-alcohol having a carbon number of 3 to 22, present singly or in mixtures.

[0028] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the ester is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic esters of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having a carbon number of C 5 to C 22 with an aliphatic tri, tetra, hexa-alcohol having a carbon number of C 3 to C 10, present individually or in mixtures, in particular trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and / or dipentaerythritol, and / or aliphatic esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having a carbon number of C 6 to C 20, with an aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohol having a carbon number of 6 to 22, present individually or in mixtures, estolides and aromatic esters of aromatic tri- and tetracarboxylic acids with one or in mixtures of aliphatic C 7 to C 22 alcohols and mixtures thereof.

[0029] Base oils which are also suitable according to the invention contain the base oil A in a mixture with a base oil B, the base oil B having a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of less than 3% by weight, for example from 0.1% by weight to 3% by weight, preferably less than 2.5% by weight, for example from 0.01% by weight to 2.5% by weight, even more preferably less than 2% by weight, for example from 0.01% by weight to 2% by weight, even more preferably less than 1% by weight, for example from 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the base oil B is a base oil B1 which has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of at most 0.1, for example from 0 to 0.1 and / or a base oil B2 which has a proportion of halogens and / or silicon of more than 5 wt.%, for example from 5 wt.% to 30 wt.%, preferably from 10 wt.% to 25 wt.%, based on the total weight of the base oil B2.

[0031] If the base oil contains the base oil A in a mixture with a base oil B, the proportion of the base oil A is more than 50% by weight, for example from 50 to 90% by weight, more preferably more than 60% by weight, for example from 60 to 85% by weight, in particular more than 70% by weight, for example from 70 to 85% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil.

[0032] Preferred base oils B are selected from the group consisting of base oils of groups I, II, II+, III, IV and base oils of group V according to the classification of the American Petroleum Institute (API) [NLGI Spokesman, N. Samman, Volume 70, Number 11, p. 14ff], preferably diphenyl ethers, alkylated naphthalenes, polyisobutylenes, silicone oils, polytetrahydrofurans and oxetane polymers, polyalkylene glycols which have, preferably exclusively, ethylene units substituted by aliphatic and / or aromatic alkyl groups, the weight fraction of unsubstituted ethylene units in the polyalkylene glycols being less than 20 wt.% based on the total weight of the polyalkylene glycol and esters, preferably aliphatic esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, having a carbon number of C22 to C40, preferably C34 to C38 with an aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohol, present individually or in mixtures, having a carbon number of 6 to 22, aliphatic esters of aliphatic tricarboxylic acids, having a carbon number of C33 to C60, preferably C50 to C58 with an aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohol, present individually or in mixtures, having a carbon number of 6 to 22 and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred base oils are alkylated diphenyl ethers, polyisobutylenes, polyalphaolefins and mixtures thereof. The base oils can also be composed of mixtures of the preceding base oils.

[0033] The proportion of base oil B, if present, is preferably less than 50% by weight, for example 10 to 49% by weight, more preferably at most 40% by weight, for example 10 to 40% by weight, in particular at most 30% by weight, for example 10 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil.

[0034] The proportion of base oil B, if present, is preferably at most 48 wt.%, for example 5 to 48 wt.%, more preferably at most 40 wt.%, for example 10 wt.% to 40 wt.%, in particular at most 30 wt.%, for example 10 to 30 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0035] The lubricant composition according to the invention preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 40°C of 20 mm 2 / sec to 1500 mm 2 / sec, preferably of 20 mm 2 / sec to 320 mm 2 / sec, more preferably of 25 mm 2 / sec to 220 mm 2 / sec, even more preferably of 30 mm 2 / sec to 150 mm 2 / sec. The kinematic viscosity is determined according to ASTM D 7042, Edition 2021.01.

[0036] The proportion of the ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is, according to the invention, 0.5 wt.% to 80 wt.%, more preferably 2 wt.% to 40 wt.%, more preferably 2 wt.% to 20 wt.%, more preferably 3 wt.% to 15 wt.% and in particular 5 wt.% to 10 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the base oil contains the base oil A and the base oil B in a weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B of at least 50:50, for example from 50:50 to 60:40, particularly preferably at least 60:40, for example from 60:40 to 70:30, even more preferably at least 70:30, for example from 70:30 to 90:10, in particular at least 80:20, for example from 80:20 to 90:10.

[0038] In a further preferred embodiment, the base oil contains the base oil A and the base oil B in a weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B of 50:50 to 60:40 and the proportion of ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is from 0.5 to 10 wt.%, preferably from 3 to 10 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or in a weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B of 60:40 to 70:30 and the proportion of ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is from 0.5 wt.% to 15 wt.%, preferably from 3 wt.% to 15 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition and / or in a weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B of 70:30 to 90:10 and the proportion of ionic liquid whose anion Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is from 0.5 wt.% to 40 wt.%, preferably from 3 wt.% to 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition and / or in a weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B of 80:20 to 90:10 and the proportion of ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is 0.5 wt.% to 80 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0039] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the ionic liquid comprises a cation selected from the group consisting of symmetrical and asymmetrical ammonium ions, NR 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 + and phosphonium ions PR 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 +. The radicals R 1 to R 4 can, independently of one another, be branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 - to C 24 -, preferably C 1 - to C 18 -, particularly preferably C 6 - to C 18 - alkyl groups or C 6 - to C 30 - aryl groups. Preferred substituents are alkoxy, carboxy, amido, amino, thiocarboxy, carbamoyl, oxo, thioxo and / or hydroxy.

[0040] Preferably, the radicals R 1 to R 4 are selected so that they have in total at least 10 carbon atoms, preferably at least 20 carbon atoms, more preferably at least 25 carbon atoms.

[0041] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the ionic liquid comprises one or more cations selected from the group consisting of: trihexyltetradecylphosphonium, tributyltetradecylphosphonium, tetraoctylphosphonium, trioctylmethylammonium, tributylmethylphosphonium, and tributylphosphonium. Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium, tributyltetradecylphosphonium, tetraoctylphosphonium, and trioctylmethylammonium are particularly preferred.

[0042] The lubricant composition according to the invention can also comprise mixtures of different ionic liquids in which the anions are each bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide but the cations are different. The lubricant composition according to the invention can also comprise further ionic liquids whose anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. In this case, the proportion of the further ionic liquid is preferably 0.5 wt.% to 5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, however, the lubricant composition does not contain any ionic liquids whose anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. This is advantageous because the use of multiple ionic liquids increases the complexity of the manufacturing process and, consequently, the manufacturing costs. More preferably, the lubricant composition does not contain any ionic liquid containing bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (bta) as an anion. This is advantageous for toxicological reasons. In a further embodiment of the invention, the lubricant composition does not contain any ionic liquids whose anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, or these are present in a proportion of at most 0.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.Further preferably, the lubricant composition contains no ionic liquid containing perfluoroalkyl groups, or ionic liquids containing perfluoroalkyl groups in a proportion of no more than 0.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. This is advantageous for toxicological reasons.

[0044] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is selected from the group consisting of: P666(14) fsi, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide N1888 fsi, methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide P444(14) fsi, tributyltetradecylphosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide P8888 fsi, tetraoctylphosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide and mixtures thereof.

[0045] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricant composition contains a thickener. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the lubricant composition is in the form of a lubricating grease.

[0046] Lubricating greases are a preferred embodiment of the lubricant composition because the positive effects on service life, attributable to the ionic liquid fsi, are particularly evident in lubricating greases, since lubricating greases are usually present in smaller quantities at the lubrication point than lubricating oils.

[0047] The lubricant composition preferably contains the thickener in a proportion of 3 to 35 wt.%, more preferably 4 to 30 wt.%, in particular 6 to 20 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0048] The worked penetration (in 1 / 10 mm) of the lubricant composition formed as a lubricating grease is preferably between 400 and 200, more preferably between 330 and 220, even more preferably between 300 and 250. The worked penetration is determined according to DIN ISO 2137, edition 2016.12.

[0049] The thickener is preferably selected from urea, aluminum complex soaps, metal monosoaps of the elements of the 1st and 2nd main groups of the periodic table, especially lithium monosoaps, metal monosoaps of the elements of the 1st and 2nd main groups of the periodic table, especially lithium complex soaps, bentonite, sulfonate, silicate, polyimide, and mixtures thereof. Urea refers to reaction products of organic mono-, di-, tri-, and higher-functional isocyanates and / or mixtures thereof with aliphatic and / or aromatic mono-, di-, tri-, or higher-functional organic amines.

[0050] In another particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is urea. The advantage of ureas is that they can be used at high application temperatures, and thus, their combination with the ionic liquid containing fsi as an anion results in lubricating greases with a particularly long service life. A preferred urea is a reaction product of a diisocyanate, preferably 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane, which can be used individually or in combination, with an amine or diamine of the general formula (H 2 N) x R, where x = 1 or 2, and R is an aryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkylene radical having 2 to 22 carbon atoms, which are present individually or in combination.

[0051] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is a diurea containing aliphatic, cycloaliphatic / aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic ureas.

[0052] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is a diurea represented by formula A where R 2 is a divalent aromatic C6-15 hydrocarbon radical; and R 1 and R 3 are independently a C6-20 cycloalkyl radical, in particular cyclohexyl radical or a straight-chain or branched C8-20 alkyl radical.

[0053] Diurea compounds which can preferably be used according to the invention are described in DE112012001102A1.

[0054] Preferred thickeners contain diurea compounds selected from: an aliphatic urea of ​​formula A: an aliphatic urea of ​​formula B: an aliphatic urea of ​​formula C: a cycloaliphatic / aliphatic urea of ​​formula D: a cycloaliphatic / aliphatic urea of ​​formula E: a cycloaliphatic urea of ​​formula F: and mixtures thereof.

[0055] In the ureas of formulas A - E, the alkyl groups are unbranched.

[0056] In another particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is a lithium complex soap. The advantage of lithium complex soaps is that they can be used at high application temperatures, and thus, the combination with the ionic liquid containing fsi as an anion results in lubricating greases with a particularly long service life.Preferred lithium complex soaps are prepared starting from C4-C36 dicarboxylic acids, preferably azelaic acid, sebacic acid, suberic acid, terephthalic acid, dodecanedioic acid and / or starting from higher-functionality carboxylic acids having 3 or more, preferably 3 to 4 carboxylic acid groups, where the number of carbon groups can be 6 to 60, such as preferably citric acid and trimer acids, and / or starting from ester compounds, in particular methyl esters and / or triglycerides of one or more of the aforementioned acids, in each case combined with one or more monocarboxylic acids, preferably combined with one or more C4-C24 monocarboxylic acids, preferably stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, in particular 12-hydroxystearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, salicylic acid, ester compounds, in particular methyl esters and / or triglycerides of one or more of the aforementioned acids and / or combined with sebacic acid monostearylamide and / or terephthalic acid monostearylamide.Trimer acids are tricarboxylic acids obtained by trimerization of unsaturated fatty acids, preferably with 54 carbon atoms, which contain alkyl side chains, double bonds and cyclic ring systems.

[0057] The lubricant composition may also contain inorganic and / or organic solid lubricants. Preferred solid lubricants are selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), molybdenum disulfide, graphite, graphene, boron nitride (hexagonal), tin(IV) sulfide, zinc(II) sulfide, tungsten disulfide, metal sulfide, phosphate, preferably calcium phosphate, carbonate, preferably calcium carbonate, metal oxide, preferably amorphous silicon dioxide, silicate and phyllosilicate, talc, mica, and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred solid lubricants are selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide, graphite, graphene, boron nitride (hexagonal), tin(IV) sulfide, zinc(II) sulfide, tungsten disulfide, metal sulfide, phosphate, preferably calcium phosphate, carbonate, preferably calcium carbonate, metal oxide, preferably amorphous silicon dioxide, silicate and layered silicate, talc, mica and mixtures thereof.

[0058] If present, the proportion of solid lubricant in the lubricant composition according to the invention is preferably 0.5 wt.% to 23 wt.%, more preferably 0.5 wt.% to 20 wt.% and in particular 0.5 wt.% to 18 wt.%, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0059] In addition, the lubricant composition may contain additives, for example against corrosion, oxidation (antioxidants) and for protection against metal influences, for example chelating compounds, radical scavengers, UV stabilizers, reaction layer formers, viscosity improvers, pour point depressants, adhesion improvers and / or additives to reduce oil separation in greases.

[0060] The proportion of additives in the lubricant composition according to the invention is preferably 0.5 wt.% to 23 wt.%, more preferably 0.5 wt.% to 20 wt.%, even more preferably 1 wt.% to 18 wt.%, and in particular 1.5 wt.% to 12 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. Additives in the form of phosphorus-, sulfur-, nitrogen-, and / or oxygen-containing compounds, polymers, and / or mixtures thereof are preferably used.Particularly preferred additives are aromatic amines, phenols, in particular alkylated phenols, triazoles such as benzotriazoles, tolyltriazoles, esters, in particular sulfurized fatty acid esters, glycerol mono- or di-esters, sorbitan esters, thiadiazoles, dithiocarbamates, in particular molybdenum dithiocarbamates, phosphates, in particular thiophosphates, oligomeric phosphates, oligomeric thiophosphates, dithiophosphates, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, molybdenum dithiophosphates, amine phosphates, trialkyl phosphates, triaryl phosphates, phosphites, metal salts, carboxylic acids, polymers, in particular polymethacrylates, olefin copolymers and / or mixtures thereof.

[0061] Very preferred additives are aromatic amines, alkylated phenols, thiadiazoles, dithiocarbamates, triaryl phosphates, amine phosphates, benzotriazoles and / or mixtures thereof.

[0062] Particularly preferred additives are aromatic amines, since it has surprisingly been found that their use can achieve a particularly strong delay in the onset of oxidation by the ionic liquid.

[0063] Aromatic amines preferred according to the invention are styrenated diphenylamine, phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, phenyl-beta-naphthylamine, octylated and / or butylated diphenylamine, in particular p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, and nonylated diphenylamine. Thus, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricant composition comprises diphenylamine, in particular p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, as antioxidants.

[0064] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricant composition comprises the additives in a proportion of 0.5 wt.% to 23 wt.%, more preferably 0.5 wt.% to 20 wt.%, in particular 0.5 wt.% to 10 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0065] The lubricant composition is preferably characterized by a lower service temperature of not greater than -30°C, for example from -60°C to -30°C, preferably not greater than -40°C, for example from -60°C to -40°C, determined according to IP 186, Edition 2015 and / or preferably an upper service temperature of at least +160°C, for example from 160°C to 220°C, preferably at least +180°C, for example from 180°C to 220°C, determined according to DIN 51821 1+2, Edition 2016,7.

[0066] Another object of the present invention is a lubricant composition comprising: a) 20 to 99.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of a base oil, wherein the base oil comprises a base oil A' in a proportion of at least 50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the base oil, wherein the base oil A' comprises an ester with an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of more than 0.1, for example from 0.1 to 0.35, preferably of more than 0.15, for example from 0.15 to 0.30 and / or a polyglycol, preferably a polyglycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as carbon group in the repeating unit, with an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of more than 0.44, for example from 0.44 to 0.70, preferably of more than 0.50, for example from 0.50 to 0.68, b) 0.5 to 80 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of an ionic Liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide.

[0067] Preferred embodiments of the aforementioned lubricant composition include, mutatis mutandis, embodiments described with reference to the lubricant composition according to the invention. For example, preferred embodiments of the aforementioned lubricant composition for base oil A' include embodiments described for base oil A with reference to the lubricant composition according to the invention.

[0068] A further object of the present invention comprises the use of the lubricant composition according to the invention for the lubrication of drive elements, preferably rolling bearings, gears, plain bearings, actuators and / or chains.

[0069] Preferred are drive elements, preferably rolling bearings, gears, plain bearings, actuators and / or chains, to which electrical potentials are applied.

[0070] Further preferred drive elements are rolling bearings, gears, plain bearings, actuators and / or chains which are arranged in systems and machines for the production and conveyance of food, in wind turbines, in vehicles, preferably automobiles, in particular in hybrid and electric vehicles, in rail vehicles, industrial systems, industrial robots and / or in ships.

[0071] The drive elements are particularly preferably selected from pulley bearings, fan bearings, vacuum pump bearings, rolling bearings of electric motors, in particular of hybrid and electric vehicles, generators, in particular of electric vehicles and rail vehicles, wind turbines, industrial engines, auxiliary units in vehicles and / or joints of vehicles.

[0072] The lubricant composition is particularly preferably used for the lubrication of rolling bearings of electric motors of hybrid and / or electric vehicles.

[0073] The advantage here is that the lubricant composition according to the invention exhibits a particularly suitable combination of properties for these applications. Particularly advantageous is the very good temperature stability combined with the ability to dissipate electrical potentials.

[0074] A further object of the present invention comprises the use of the lubricant composition for the lubrication of drive elements, preferably of rolling bearings, for which a lower operating temperature of not greater than -30°C, for example from -60°C to -30°C, preferably not greater than -40°C, for example from -60°C to -30°C, determined according to IP 186, Edition 2015 and / or preferably an upper operating temperature of at least +160°C, for example from 160°C to 220°C, more preferably at least +180°C, for example from 180°C to 220°C, determined according to DIN 51821 1+2 Edition 2016,7 is necessary.

[0075] In the following, the invention is explained in more detail using several examples which do not limit the invention. Example 1

[0076] TGA measurements of the ionic liquids trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P666(14) fsi) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (P666(14) bta) are carried out and the obtained values ​​are compared. P666(14) bta P666(14) fsi P666(14) bta P666(14) fsi TGA dynamic iAa DIN 51006 Heating rate 1°C / min Purge gas Air Nitrogen antioxidant no Crucible material aluminum Evaporation loss 120°C % (m) - 0,6 0,6 0,1 Evaporation loss 140°C % (m) - 0,8 0,8 0,2 Evaporation loss 160°C % (m) - 0,9 1,0 0,3 Evaporation loss 180°C % (m) 0,4 1,2 1,1 0,5 Evaporation loss 200°C % (m) 0,5 2,4 1,2 1,0 Evaporation loss 220°C % (m) 0,8 3,9 1,3 1,9 Evaporation loss 240°C % (m) 1,4 6,7 1,5 3,6 Evaporation loss 260°C % (m) 2,1 12,9 1,8 7,3 Table 2: TGA evaporation losses under air and N 2

[0077] As expected, the TGA measurements show better temperature stability for P666(14) bta compared to P666(14) fsi. Both in air and N2 measurements, the evaporation loss values ​​are lower for P666(14) bta. The better temperature stability for bta can be explained by the strong carbon-fluorine bond in the anion. Example 2

[0078] DSC measurements of the ionic liquids trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P666(14) fsi) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (P666(14) bta) are carried out.

[0079] In Figure 1 The results of the DSC measurements under O 2 atmosphere are shown and in Figure 2 the results of DSC measurements under N 2 atmosphere.

[0080] At Figure 1 It can be seen that P666(14) fsi has an earlier onset and thus a lower stability than P666(14) bta.

[0081] Figure 2 shows that P666(14) fsi exhibits a significant exothermic reaction around 270°C, but P666(14) bta does not. Both studies confirm the lower thermal stability of the ionic liquid with the fsi anion in pure form. Example 3

[0082] To determine the evaporation loss, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P666(14) fsi) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (P666(14) bta) are filled into cylindrical screw-top vials (base area 1.5 cm², height 5 cm). 200 mg of each IL is precisely weighed. One vial without a sphere and one with a sphere (100Cr6 steel spheres according to DIN 51350-1, edition 2015-03) are used for two test temperatures. This is to determine whether reactions occur between the metal of the sphere and the ionic liquid in the vial. Table 3: Values ​​at 150°C P666(14) bta fsi P666(14) bta fsi without ball with ball Evaporation loss after 24 h [%] 1,15 -0,30 14,28 0 Evaporation loss after 48 h [%] 1,45 -0,15 15,94 14,44 Evaporation loss after 72 h [%] 1,45 -0,70 16,42 13,40 Evaporation loss after 168 h [%] 1,80 -1,90 17,40 12,03 Table 4: Values ​​at 180°C P666(14) bta fsi P666(14) bta fsi without ball with ball Evaporation loss after 24 h [%] 1,50 0,50 2,00 0 Evaporation loss after 48 h [%] 2,00 2,64 2,59 1,85 Evaporation loss after 72 h [%] 2,25 5,33 4,59 4,13 Evaporation loss after 168 h [%] 2,99 13,04 4,60 14,04

[0083] At a test temperature of 150°C, differences in evaporation loss are observed for both ionic liquids in their pure form. For the samples without the ball, a continuous increase in evaporation loss is observed for P666(14) bta over the measured period. In comparison, an overall weight increase can be observed in the values ​​for the fsi sample. In the presence of the steel ball, P666(14) fsi shows a lower evaporation loss than P666(14) bta. With the ball, both substances have significantly higher evaporation loss values ​​overall. However, for P666(14) fsi, after an initial increase, the value drops again towards the end.

[0084] At 180°C, the evaporation losses for both substances are naturally higher than at 150°C. The value curve for P666(14) fsi is unremarkable, in contrast to the lower test temperature. Nevertheless, at the end of the test period, these values ​​are higher than for P666(14) bta. Overall, the observed values ​​can be interpreted to mean that, in addition to decomposition with mass loss, phenomena such as absorption / release of water, corrosion of the steel ball, and catalyzed decomposition also play a role. At 180°C, the tests with the substances in their pure form suggest that the stability of the fsi-containing IL is lower than that of the bta-containing IL. Example 4

[0085] Production of two greases according to the invention and a comparison grease from a base grease A.

[0086] The Base fat AConsists of 85 wt.% trimellitic acid ester with C9 - C11 alcohols with an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.20 and a base oil viscosity at 40°C of approximately 72 mm 2 / sec (TMSE-A), 11 wt.% urea thickener consisting of the reaction products of aliphatic saturated amines, aliphatic unsaturated amines, and aromatic amines with a mixture of MDI (4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane) and TDI (a mixture of 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene and 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene in a molar ratio of approximately 4:1). Additives include 0.5 wt.% p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine and 3.5 wt.% other additives (corrosion protection, anti-wear).

[0087] To this base fat A, 5 wt.% P666(14) fsi ( inventive fat 1 ) or 5 wt.% P666(14) bta ( Comparison grease 2 ) and the mixtures are homogenized on a three-roll mill. inventive fat 3 5 wt.% N1888 fsi is used and incorporated identically.

[0088] Compared to base grease A, the specific electrical resistance is reduced by approximately three orders of magnitude. The inventive grease 1 surprisingly exhibits an approximately 50% improved service life at 180°C compared to comparison grease 2, which contains a non-inventive ionic liquid. The inventive grease also meets the service life requirements of DIN 51821 1+2 at 200°C. method standard Unit Fat 1 according to the invention Fat 2 Comparison fat General data Appearance, color visually beige beige Walk penetration 60 DT DIN ISO 2137 1 / 10 mm 269 278 Dropping point DIN ISO 2176 °C 262 268 Water content according to Karl Fischer % 0,05 0,06 Behavior after Fulling Extended tensile strength after 100,000 DT DIN ISO 2137 1 / 10 mm +40 +53 Low-temperature behavior Flow pressure at -45°C DIN 51805 mBar 675 650 Oil separation Oil separation after 30h / 150°C ASTM D 6184 % wt 3,7 2,8 Oil separation after 168h / 40°C DIN 51817 % wt 2,1 1,6 Upper operating temperature FAG FE 9 6000 rpm, 1,500 N, 180°C, B, Edition 2016,07 DIN 51821 1+2 h L 10: 691 h L 10: 423 h L 50: 694 h L 50: 457 h FAG FE 9 6000 rpm, 1,500 N, 200°C, B, Edition 2016,07 DIN 51821 1+2 h L 10: 113 h L 50: 249 h Media resistance Water resistance static, 3h / 90°C DIN 51807 0 0 SKF Emcor, distilled water iAa DIN 0 0 51802 Corrosion behavior Copper corrosion 24h / 160°C DIN 51811 1 1 Noise behavior SKF BeQuiet+ iAa ÖNorm M8127 GN3 GN3 Electrical conductivity Specific Electrical Resistivity according to DIN 53482 Ohm*cm 3,18 * 10 6< 3,81 * 10 6< method Requirements Fat 1 according to the invention Fat 3 according to the invention Base fat A FAG FE 9 6000 rpm, 1,500 N, 200°C, B, DIN 51821 1+2, Edition 2016.07 L 50 > 100h L 10: 113 h L 10: 105 h L 10: 60 h L 50: 249 h L 50: 146 h L 50: 90 h

[0089] In the service life test at 200°C, the inventive grease 1 shows a significant increase in the achieved service life, based on the L 50 value, by more than a factor of 2.5. The inventive grease 3 also shows a 50% increase in service life compared to base grease A. Example 5

[0090] Several greases according to the invention and a comparison grease are produced from a base grease B. The Base fat B consists of:

[0091] 84.5 wt.% trimellitic acid ester with linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups, which are present in a ratio of approximately 1:1 (molar) (TMSE-B) with an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.22, 13.5 wt.% urea thickener, produced by the reaction of MDI (4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane) and octylamine in a ratio of 1.2 (molar), 1 wt.% p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, 1 wt.% calcium sulfonate corrosion protection additive. Content of basic fat B N1888 fsi (wt%) P666614 fsi wt% FAG FE 9 6000 rpm, 1,500 N, 200°C, B, DIN 51821 1+2, Edition 2016.07 Base fat B 100 L 10 = 145 h L 50 = 187 h ß = 7,4 Inventive grease 4 99 1 L 10 = 92 h L 50 = 219 h ß = 2,2 Inventive grease 5 97 3 L 10 = 83 h L 50 = 141 h ß = 3,5 Inventive grease 6 95 5 L 10 = 203 h L 50 = 261 h ß = 7,5 Inventive grease 7 90 10 L10 = 139h L 50 = 229 h ß = 3,8 Inventive grease 8 97 3

[0092] Compared to base grease B (comparison grease), grease 6 according to the invention shows an increase in service life of approximately 50% while maintaining the very steep failure curve (high ß values). Grease 7 according to the invention shows an increase in service life of approximately 40%.

[0093] All greases according to the invention meet the requirements of DIN 51821 1+2 at 200°C, as the L 50 value is above 100 h. This makes it possible to reduce the electrical resistance (see table below) while maintaining the upper service temperature of 200°C. Specific electrical resistance [ohm*cm], 10 V DC iAa DIN 53482 Walk penetration 60 double strokes [1 / 10mm] DIN ISO 2137 Base fat B 2.85E*10exp09 242 Inventive grease 4 3.51*10exp07 249 Inventive grease 5 5.98*10exp06 256 Inventive grease 6 2.35*10exp06 263 Inventive grease 7 7.49*10exp05 261 Inventive grease 8 5.51*10exp06 254

[0094] The addition of IL P666(14) fsi significantly reduces the specific electrical resistance. In contrast, the worked penetration changes only slightly, indicating that the thickening effect is not impaired by the ionic liquid. Example 6

[0095] The specific electrical resistance of mixtures of P666(14) fsi or P666(14) bta in a polyglycol is measured.

[0096] Polyglycol A is a polyglycol with a kinematic viscosity of 220 mm² / s. It is a random copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in a 1:1 (molar) ratio with glycol as the initiator. The oxygen / carbon ratio is 0.53. Polyglycol A content (wt%) 100 99 97 65 90 Content P666(14) fsi (wt%) 0 1 3 5 10 specific resistance [Mohm*cm] 7,10 0,41 0,13 0,079 0,031 Polyglycol A content (wt%) 100 99 97 65 90 Content P666(14) bta (wt%) 0 1 3 5 10 specific resistance [Mohm*cm iAa DIN 53482] 7,10 0,68 0,22 0,13 0,056

[0097] The tables show that the lubricant compositions according to the invention with P666(14) fsi lead to lower specific resistances compared to P666(14) bta.

[0098] This was surprising because, as shown in the following table, the viscosities of P666(14) fsi are higher than those of P666(14) bta.

[0099] This suggests that in the fsi, the ion pair is actually more tightly bound to each other, meaning it is less mobile, and should therefore exhibit lower conductivities. However, as shown above, this is surprisingly not the case. Example 7 P666(14) fsi P666(14) bta Viscosity at 40°C [mm 2 < / s] 152,9 147,4 Viscosity at 100°C [mm 2 < / s] 19,87 18,33 VI 150 139 Density at 20°C [g / cm 3 ] 1,014 1,077 Density at 100°C [g / cm 3 ] 0,963 1,020

[0100] The influence of N1888 fsi on the thermal oxidative stability of an ester oil is investigated.

[0101] Trimellitic acid ester B (trimellitic acid ester with linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups, which are present in a ratio of approximately 1:1 (molar)) is used as base oil, and p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine is used as amine antioxidant (Amin. AO). Designation Öl 1 Öl 2 Öl 3 Öl 4 Amin. AO 1 1 3 3 N8881 fsi 0 1 1 3 TMSE-B 99 98 96 94 TGA, air, temperature gradient 1 k / min 180 0,1 180 0,1 180 0,3 180 0,1 200 0,2 200 0,3 200 0,4 200 0,3 220 0,5 220 0,5 220 0,8 220 0,7 240 1,2 240 1,2 240 1,7 240 1,8 260 3,2 260 3,2 260 4,0 260 4,6 280 9,7 280 8,4 280 9,3 280 11,1 300 50,1 300 38,6 300 26,6 300 29,7 DSC, O2, temperature gradient 1 k / min Ox.start 204.5 Ox.start 256.7 Ox.start 240.2 Ox.start Onset 242.5 Onset 269.1 1. Onset 261.2 239,5 2. Onset 276.5 Onset 283,2 Open dish test 230°C, 24 / 48 / 72h loss [%] 43,24 29,64 22,38 23,02 63,22 54,92 36,58 34,28 79.76 (paint) 69.63 (thick oil, slightly gritty) 48.82 (oil, gritty) 53.03 (oil, very gritty) Shear viscosity 108 113 119 125 start 1355 266 209 208 24h 33800 1320 391 298 48h 12150 647 72h Specific resistance [Ohm*cm] iAa DIN 53482 3,43*10 12< 3,26*10 10< 2,95*10 10< 2,60*10 10< Designation Öl 5 Öl 6 Öl 7 Amin. AO 0 0 3 N8881 fsi 3 1 0 TMSE-B 97 99 97 TGA, air, temperature gradient 1 k / min 180 0,1 180 0,3 180 0,3 200 0,2 200 0,5 200 0,5 220 0,7 220 0,9 220 0,9 240 2,0 240 1,9 240 1,9 260 8,4 260 4,4 260 4,2 280 21,7 280 20,2 280 10,6 300 49,2 300 51,8 300 45,3 DSC, O2, temperature gradient 1 k / min Ox.start 223.7 Ox.start 224.7 Ox.start 1. Onset 234.1 Onset 231.8 205,7 2. Onset 264.0 Onset 253,9 Open dish test 230°C, 24 / 48 / 72h loss [%] 36,26 38,49 28,30 56,86 59,95 53,14 73.04 (tar-like) 77.04 (rubbery) 67.23 (tar-like) Shear viscosity 116 109 117 start 577 920 405 24h 3550 11950 7630 48h 110500 42100 72h Specific resistance [Ohmcm] iAa DIN 53482 3,08*10 10< 4,99*10 10< 1,38*10 13<

[0102] Shear viscosity is determined at 25°C at a shear rate of 300 1 / s according to DIN 53019-1.3. The open-dish test is performed using aluminum evaporation dishes with a diameter of 50 mm. 5 g + / - 0.1 g are weighed in. The measurement is carried out in a convection oven. The measurement is carried out over 24, 48, or 72 hours. The evaporation loss is determined and the shear viscosity is measured in each case.

[0103] Oils 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 represent lubricant compositions according to the invention.

[0104] Comparing the samples containing only P666(14) fsi (oils 6 and 5) with the samples containing only amine AO ​​(oils 1 and 7), it can be seen that the onset of oxidation is more strongly delayed by the ionic liquid.

[0105] The samples in which the aminic antioxidant p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine is combined with P666(14) fsi show a strong positive influence on the evaporation losses in the TGA up to 300°C, on the onset of oxidation and onset in the DSC and on the evaporation values ​​in the open dish test, see e.g. the evaporation values ​​after 24 h. Example 8

[0106] Solubility tests of N1888fsi in base oils containing base oils of different polarity are being conducted. The results are presented in the following tables. Base oil: PAO 8 / Trimellitic acid ester B with linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups (ratio of the two base oils 60:40). PAO 8 has an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0. Trimellitic acid ester B has an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.22. This results in an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.088 for the base oil. Quantity N1888fsi 0 wt.% 1 wt.% 3 wt.% 5 wt.% 10 wt.% visual assessment (clear / 2 phases) clear clear 2 phases 2 phases 2 phases V 40 [mm 2 / s] 44,789 46,035 - - - V 100 [mm 2 / s] 7,58 7,73 - - - VI 136 136 - - - Density 40°C g / ml 0,8675 0,8692 - - - Density 100°C g / ml 0,8286 0,8300 - - - specific resistance [Ω*cm] 1,60E+11 1,73E+08 - - -

[0107] The base oil mixture used here is not suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention because the proportion of base oil A is too low and therefore the solubility of N1888fsi is too low. Base oil: PAO 8 / Trimellitic acid ester B with linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups (ratio of the two base oils 30:70). PAO 8 has an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0. Trimellitic acid ester B has an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.22. This results in an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.15 for the base oil. Quantity N1888fsi 0 wt.% 1 wt.% 3 wt.% 5 wt.% 10 wt.% visual assessment (clear / 2 phases) clear clear clear clear clear V 40 [mm 2 / s] 46,608 47,900 50,759 53,966 63,845 V 100 [mm 2 / s] 7,68 7,81 8,14 8,53 9,66 VI 132 131 132 132 133 Density 40°C g / ml 0,9105 0,9118 0,9140 0,9163 0,9217 Density 100°C g / ml 0,8698 0,8710 0,8733 0,8754 0,8811 specific resistance [Ω*cm] 1,25E+11 4,84E+07 5,73E+06 1,48E+06 3,36E+05

[0108] The base oil mixture used here is suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention since a sufficient proportion of base oil A is present and thus the solubility of N1888fsi is sufficient. Base oil: PAO 8 / Trimellitic acid ester B with linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups (ratio of the two base oils 20:80). PAO 8 has an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0. Trimellitic acid ester B has an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.22. This results in an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.18 for the base oil. Quantity N1888fsi 0 wt.% 1 wt.% 3 wt.% 5 wt.% 10 wt.% visual assessment (clear / 2 phases) clear clear clear clear clear V 40 [mm 2 / s] 47,839 49,129 51,802 54,932 63,716 V 100 [mm 2 / s] 7,77 7,90 8,20 8,56 9,53 VI 130 130 130 130 130 Density 40°C g / ml 0,9259 0,9270 0,9289 0,9309 0,9358 Density 100°C g / ml 0,8846 0,8857 0,8877 0,8896 0,8947 specific resistance [Ω*cm] 9,55E+10 3,31E+07 3,89E+06 1,17E+06 3,05E+05

[0109] The base oil mixture used here is suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention since a sufficient proportion of base oil A is present and thus the solubility of N1888fsi is sufficient. Base oil: Trimellitic acid ester B with linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups. Trimellitic acid ester B has an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.22. Quantity N1888fsi 0 wt.% 1 wt.% 3 wt.% 5 wt.% 10 wt.% visual assessment (clear / 2 phases) clear clear clear clear clear V 40 [mm 2 / s] 51,173 56,315 55,093 58,045 66,018 V 100 [mm 2 / s] 7,99 8,41 8,41 8,74 9,58 VI 125 121 125 126 125 Density 40°C g / ml 0,9587 0,9594 0,9612 0,9626 0,9663 Density 100°C g / ml 0,9162 0,9171 0,9186 0,9202 0,9241 specific resistance [Ω*cm] 9,54E+10 1,54E+07 1,85E+06 6,55E+05 1,92E+05 Base oil: Trimellitic acid ester B with linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups Quantity N1888fsi 20 wt.% 40 wt.% 60% by weight 80% by weight visual assessment (clear / 2 phases) clear clear clear clear V 40 [mm 2 / s] 84,201 125,240 167,340 200,530 V 100 [mm 2 / s] 11,31 14,77 18,34 21,32 VI 123 120 122 126 Density 40°C g / ml 0,9734 0,9883 0,9626 1,0173 Density 100°C g / ml 0,9872 0,9472 1,0158 0,9780 specific resistance [Ω*cm] 6,98E+04 2,74E+04 2,35E+04 2,08E+04

[0110] The examples show that the ionic liquid N1888fsi is miscible with the trimellitic acid ester over a very wide concentration range. The base oil used here is suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention because only base oil A is present, thus ensuring very good solubility of N1888fsi. Base oil: Polypropylene oxide homopolymer (non-polar), butanol initiated, kinematic viscosity at 40°C approx. 120 mm 2< / sec with oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.44 Quantity N1888fsi 0 wt.% 1 wt.% 3 wt.% 5 wt.% 10 wt.% visual assessment (clear / 2 phases) clear 2 phases 2 phases 2 phases 2 phases V 40 [mm 2 / s] - - - - - V 100 [mm 2 / s] - - - - - VI - - - - - Density 40°C g / ml - - - - - Density 100°C g / ml - - - - - specific resistance [Ω*cm] - - - - -

[0111] The base oil used here is not suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention because no proportion of base oil A is present and therefore the solubility of N1888fsi is not sufficient. Base oil: Polypropylene oxide homopolymer (non-polar), butanol-initiated, kinematic viscosity at 40°C approx. 120 mm 2 < / sec / Trimellitic acid ester B with linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups (polar). Mixing ratio based on mass percent 50:50. The oxygen / carbon ratio of the base oil is 0.22 and 0.33. Quantity N1888fsi 0 wt.% 1 wt.% 3 wt.% 5 wt.% 10 wt.% visual assessment (clear / 2 phases) clear clear clear clear clear V 40 [mm 2 / s] 82,62 84,02 86,92 90,15 98,79 V 100 [mm 2 / s] 13,85 13,97 14,20 14,64 15,51 VI 173 172 170 170 167 Density 40°C g / ml 0,9675 0,9682 0,9693 0,9708 0,9741 Density 100°C g / ml 0,9241 0,9249 0,9263 0,9278 0,9312 specific resistance [Ω*cm] 1,32E+10 1,18E+07 2,02E+06 7,91E+05 2,13E+05

[0112] The base oil mixture used here is suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention since a sufficient proportion of base oil A is present and thus the solubility of N1888fsi is sufficient. Base oil: Hydrogenated dimer acid ester (non-polar), alcohol component 2-ethylhexanol. Oxygen / carbon ratio is 0.10. Quantity N1888fsi 0 wt.% 1 wt.% 3 wt.% 5 wt.% 10 wt.% visual assessment (clear / 2 phases) clear clear 2 phases 2 phases 2 phases V 40 [mm 2 / s] 102,61 103,93 - - - V 100 [mm 2 / s] 14,33 14,40 - - - VI 143 142 - - - Density 40°C g / ml 0,8934 0,8947 - - - Density 100°C g / ml 0,8548 0,8561 - - - specific resistance [Ω*cm] 1,36E+11 2,75E+08 - - -

[0113] The base oil used here is not suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention because no proportion of base oil A is present and therefore the solubility of N1888fsi is not sufficient. Polyethylene glycol, molecular weight 200 (polar). The oxygen / carbon ratio is 0.66. Quantity N1888fsi 0 wt.% 1 wt.% 3 wt.% 5 wt.% 10 wt.% visual assessment (clear / 2 phases) clear clear clear clear clear V 40 [mm 2 / s] 22,33 22,46 22,80 23,14 24,17 V 100 [mm 2 / s] 4,16 4,19 4,23 4,28 4,40 VI 77 79 80 82 84 Density 40°C g / ml 1,1088 1,1081 1,1064 1,1048 1,1004 Density 100°C g / ml 1,0610 1,0603 1,0588 1,0573 1,0534 specific resistance [Ω*cm] 8,54E+03 1,86E+03 8,68E+02 5,95E+02 3,37E+02

[0114] The base oil used here is suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention since only base oil A is present and therefore the solubility of N1888fsi is very good.

[0115] It has been shown that N1888fsi is readily soluble in base oils containing more than 50 wt.% polar base oil, even in larger quantities. The polar base oils are selected from esters and polyalkylene glycols produced with ethylene oxide as a component of the reaction mixture.

[0116] Example 9: A base grease C and, based on this, a non-inventive grease 9 are produced: Content of basic fat C N1888 fsi (wt%) FAG FE 9 6000 rpm, 1,500 N, 160°C, A, DIN 51821 1+2, Edition 2016.07 Base fat C 100 L 10 = 164 h L 50 = 236 h ß = 7,4 Non-inventive fat 9 97 3 L 10 = 167 h L 50 = 207 h ß = 8,7

[0117] Base grease C is classified as NLGI Class 1. The base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 130 mm² / sec at 40°C and is a non-polar blend of mineral oil / PAO. The oxygen / carbon ratio is almost zero. The thickener is a mixture of urea / calcium complex soap. It also contains conventional additives for oxidative stabilization, improved load-bearing capacity, and corrosion protection. The addition of the ionic liquid does not improve service life; the L50 value is even lowered. It has been shown that in greases with a non-polar base oil (mineral oil and PAO), no improvement is achieved by using the ionic liquid. Example 10

[0118] A lubricating grease D with the following composition is produced: 41 wt.% trimellitic acid ester A with C9 - C11 V 40 approx. 72 mm 2< / sec (oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.20) 17 wt.% PIB, Mn approx. 1300 g / mol determined by GPC (oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.0) 20 wt.% alkylated diphenyl ether, V 40 approx. 100 mm 2< / sec (oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.04) 13 wt.% lithium complex thickener from azelaic acid / 12-hydroxystearic acid 4 wt.% amine antioxidant 5 wt.% additive package corrosion protection, AW and EP

[0119] The weight fraction of trimellitic acid ester A in the total base oil is 52.6 wt.%. method standard Unit Example grease D + 3% N8881 fsi according to the invention Example grease D Comparison grease General data Walk penetration 60 DT DIN ISO 2137 1 / 10 mm 283 273 Dropping point DIN ISO 2176 °C Greater than 300°C Greater than 300°C Flow pressure at -40°C DIN 51805 mBar 537 825 Oil separation after 30h / 150°C ASTM D 6184 % wt 7,3 5,8 specific resistance according to DIN 53482 [ohm*cm] 9,68E+07 3,88E+10 Evaporation loss, 24 h / 180°C DIN 58397 % 15,6 11,4 Shear viscosity at 25°C, shear rate 300 1 / s, fresh DIN 53019-1.3 mPas 5300 5800 Shear viscosity at 25°C, shear rate 300 1 / s, after evaporation loss test 24 h / 180°C according to DIN 58397 DIN 53019-1.3 mPas 3660 5935

[0120] The composition according to the invention shows advantages with regard to the reduction of the specific resistance, the low-temperature behavior (flow pressure) and the avoidance of hardening during storage at 180°C (no increase in the dynamic viscosity). Example 11: Solubility study of N8881 fsi in an estolide base oil

[0121] Estolid base oil, homopolymer 12-hydroxystearic acid, esterified with 2-ethylhexanol, kinematic viscosity at 40°C approx. 148 mm 2 / s; the oxygen / carbon ratio is 0.17) Quantity N1888fsi 0 wt.% 1 wt.% 3 wt.% 5 wt.% 10 wt.% visual assessment (clear / 2 phases) clear clear clear clear clear V 40 [mm 2 / s] 148,35 149,84 153,81 159,24 184,61 V 100 [mm 2 / s] 21,5 21,6 21,9 22,7 24,9 VI 170 170 169 171 167 Density 40°C g / ml 0,8990 0,9004 0,9028 0,9051 0,9111 Density 100°C g / ml 0,8598 0,8610 0,8634 0,8658 0,8719 specific resistance [Ω*cm] 2,63E+10 8,83E+07 7,72E+06 2,35E+06 5,37E+05

[0122] N8881 fsi is soluble in the estolide base oil in the concentration range tested. With increasing IL content, the specific resistance decreases.

[0123] The base oil used here is suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention since only base oil A is present and thus the solubility of N1888fsi is sufficient. Evaluation of the test results

[0124] Overall, it has been demonstrated that lubricant compositions, and especially greases, containing ionic liquids based on fSi as an anion achieve performance values ​​comparable to those of products containing ionic liquids based on BTA. Therefore, fSi-based ionic liquids are a good alternative to BTA-containing ionic liquids. Furthermore, fSi-based additives have the advantage over BTA-containing additives of not containing persistent CFx groups.

[0125] In the experiments in which P666(14) fsi was investigated in pure form, the results show, as expected, a lower thermal stability compared to P666(14) bta. This can be explained primarily by the lack of strong carbon-fluorine bonds in the anion, which affects the overall stability of the molecule.

[0126] Surprisingly, the difference in performance between the two ionic liquids is significantly smaller when used as additives in grease. The values ​​of the tested properties show that P666(14) fsi performs very similarly to P666(14) bta in the grease system under consideration. The specifications for high- and low-pressure lubricants are based on the following:

[0127] Low-temperature properties as well as electrical conductivity requirements can be met with the fsi material as an additive in the considered temperature ranges.

[0128] In addition, the lubricant composition according to the invention can also meet the requirements regarding corrosion stability.

[0129] Overall, it was shown that lubricant compositions containing ionic liquids based on fsi are a good alternative to lubricant compositions containing ionic liquids containing bta in terms of their performance. Furthermore, the lubricant compositions according to the invention do not contain persistent CFx groups and are therefore biodegradable. Test methods

[0130] To determine the solubility of the ionic liquid N1888 fsi in the base oils, the base oil(s) comprising the base oils are placed in a beaker, and N1888 fsi is added at the respective concentration. The mixture is stirred at 60°C for 10 minutes using a magnetic stirrer. After cooling to room temperature, the mixtures are visually inspected, and the electrical resistance is determined. N1888 fsi is insoluble in base oil at a certain concentration if, when measured at 25°C according to DIN EN ISO 7027-1:2016-11, the turbidity value is more than 1 FNU higher than that of pure base oil. Likewise, N1888 fsi is insoluble in base oil at a certain concentration if two or more phases form.N1888 fsi is soluble in base oil or base oil at a given concentration if the turbidity value measured according to DIN EN ISO 7027-1:2016-11 at 25°C is no more than 1 FNU higher than that of pure base oil or base oil. A Hach 2100 AN IS is preferably used as the measuring device.

[0131] To determine the kinematic viscosity at 40°C, 100°C, the viscosity index and the densities at 40°C and 100°C, unless otherwise stated, a Stabinger viscometer according to ASTM D 7042, edition 2021.01 is used.

[0132] Determination of carbon content: ASTM D 5291:2021 is used to determine the carbon content.

[0133] JPI-5S-68-11 is used to determine oxygen levels.

[0134] The oxygen / carbon weight ratio is obtained from the oxygen mass fraction (wt%), determined according to JPI-5S-68-11, by dividing it by the carbon fraction (wt%), determined according to ASTM D 5291:2021.

Claims

1. Lubricant composition comprising: a) 20% to 99.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of a main oil, wherein the main oil has a solubility of the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide of at least 3% by weight at a room temperature of 20°C and wherein the main oil comprises a base oil A in a proportion of at least 50% by weight based on the total weight of the main oil, wherein the base oil A has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least 3% by weight at a room temperature of 20°C, b) 0.5% to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of an ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, characterized in that the base oil A is an ester and / or a polyglycol.

2. Lubricant composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that the base oil A is present in a proportion of 50% to 100% by weight and / or in a proportion of more than 55% by weight, for example of 55% to 100% by weight, and / or in a proportion of more than 60% by weight, for example of 60% to 100% by weight, more preferably in a proportion of more than 70% by weight, for example of 70% to 100% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the main oil.

3. Lubricant composition according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the proportion of the main oil, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, is 40% by weight to 95% by weight, more preferably 60% by weight to 90% by weight, more preferably 70% by weight to 95% by weight and especially 75% by weight to 85% by weight.

4. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of the base oil A, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, is 10% by weight to 99.5% by weight, more preferably 35% by weight to 95% by weight, more preferably 40% by weight to 90% by weight, especially 35% by weight to 85% by weight.

5. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base oil A is a polyglycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as carbon groups in the repeat unit.

6. Lubricant composition according to Claim 5, characterized in that the ester has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of more than 0.1, for example of 0.2 to 0.35, and / or the polyglycol has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of more than 0.44, for example of 0.44 to 0.70.

7. Lubricant composition according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the polyglycol is selected from homopolymers of ethylene oxide as the sole monomer and / or copolymers having unsubstituted ethyl groups and 1-methylethyl groups as carbon groups in the repeat unit, where the proportion by weight of the unsubstituted ethylene units in the copolymers is preferably at least 20% by weight, for example 20% by weight to 90% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight, for example 30% by weight to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyglycol, and where the end groups of the polyglycols are independently preferably hydroxide groups and / or C1-C20 alkoxide groups.

8. Lubricant composition according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the ester is selected from carboxylic esters, preferably monoesters, diesters, triesters, tetraesters, pentaesters, polyesters, preferably estolides and mixtures thereof.

9. Lubricant composition according to one or more of Claims 5, 6 or 8, characterized in that the ester is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic ester of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having a carbon number of C5 to C22 with a single aliphatic tri-, tetra- or hexaalcohol having a carbon number of C3 to C10 or mixtures of these, especially trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and / or dipentaerythritol, and / or aliphatic ester of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, having a carbon number of C6 to C20, with a single aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohol having a carbon number of 6 to 22 or mixtures of these, estolides and aromatic ester of aromatic tri- and tetracarboxylic acids with one or a mixture of aliphatic C7 to C22 alcohol(s) and mixtures thereof.

10. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main oil contains the base oil A in a mixture with a base oil B, where the base oil B, at a room temperature of 20°C, has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of less than 3% by weight.

11. Lubricant composition according to Claim 10, characterized in that the base oil B is a base oil B1 having an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of not more than 0.1, preferably of 0 to 0.1, and / or in that the base oil B is a base oil B2 having a proportion of halogens and / or silicon of more than 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil B2.

12. Lubricant composition according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the base oil B is selected from the group consisting of base oils of groups I, II, II+, III, IV, and from the following base oils of group V according to the classification of the American Petroleum Institute (API) [NLGI Spokesman, N. Samman, volume 70, number 11, pages 14 ff.] : preferably diphenyl ethers, alkylated naphthalenes, polyisobutylenes, silicone oils, polytetrahydrofurans and oxetane polymers, polyalkylene glycols having ethylene units substituted by aliphatic and / or aromatic alkyl groups, where the proportion by weight of unsubstituted ethylene units in the polyalkylene glycols is less than 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyalkylene glycol, and aliphatic esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, having a carbon number of C22 to C40, preferably C34 to C38, with a single aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohol having a carbon number of 6 to 22 or mixtures thereof, aliphatic esters of aliphatic tricarboxylic acids, having a carbon number of C33 to C60, preferably C50 to C58, with a single aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohol having a carbon number of 6 to 22 or mixtures thereof, and mixtures thereof.

13. Lubricant composition according to one or more of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the proportion of the base oil B is not more than 48% by weight, for example 5% to 48% by weight, more preferably not more than 40% by weight, for example 10% by weight to 40% by weight, especially not more than 30% by weight, for example 10% to 30% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B is at least 50:50, more preferably at least 60:40, even more preferably at least 70:30, especially at least 80:20.

14. Lubricant composition according to one or more of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B is 50:50 to 60:40 and the proportion of ionic liquid wherein the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B is 60:40 to 70:30 and the proportion of ionic liquid wherein the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B is 70:30 to 90:10 and the proportion of ionic liquid wherein the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B is 80:20 to 90:10 and the proportion of ionic liquid wherein the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

15. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by a kinematic viscosity at 40°C of 20 mm2 / sec to 1500 mm2 / sec, preferably of 20 mm2 / sec to 320 mm2 / sec.

16. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ionic liquid has a cation selected from the group consisting of symmetric and unsymmetric ammonium ions NR1R2R3R4+ and phosphonium ions PR1R2R3R4+, where the R1 to R4 radicals may independently be branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted, C1- to C24-, preferably C1- to C18- and more preferably C6- to C18-alkyl groups or C6- to C30-aryl groups.

17. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it does not include any ionic liquids wherein the anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, or includes ionic liquids wherein the anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide in a proportion of not more than 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

18. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it does not include any ionic liquids containing perfluoroalkyl groups, or includes ionic liquids containing perfluoroalkyl groups in a proportion of not more than 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

19. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ionic liquid wherein the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is selected from the group consisting of: trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide tributyltetradecylphosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide tetraoctylphosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide and mixtures thereof.

20. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains a thickener in a proportion of 3% to 35% by weight, more preferably of 4% to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, wherein the thickener is preferably selected from urea, aluminium complex soaps, metal simple soaps of elements of main groups 1 and 2 of the periodic table of the elements, especially lithium simple soaps, metal complex soaps of elements of main groups 1 and 2 of the periodic table of the elements, especially lithium complex soaps, bentonite, sulfonate, silicate, polyimide and mixtures thereof.

21. Lubricant composition according to Claim 20, characterized in that the thickener is a urea, preferably a urea which is a reaction product of a diisocyanate, preferably 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane, which may be used individually or in combination, with an amine or diamine of the general formula (H2N)xR where x = 1 or 2, and R is an aryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkylene radical having 2 to 22 carbon atoms, present individually or in combination.

22. Lubricant composition according to Claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the thickener is a diurea containing aliphatic, cycloaliphatic / aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic ureas, preferably a diurea represented by the formula A where R2 is a divalent aromatic C6-15 hydrocarbyl radical; and R1 and R3 are independently a C6-20 cycloalkyl radical, especially cyclohexyl radical, or a straight-chain or branched C8-20 alkyl radical.

23. Lubricant composition according to one or more of Claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the thickener is a lithium complex soap, preferably a lithium complex soap produced proceeding from C4-C36 dicarboxylic acids, preferably azelaic acid, sebacic acid, suberic acid, terephthalic acid, dodecanedioic acid and / or proceeding from higher-functionality carboxylic acids having 3 or more, preferably 3 to 4, carboxylic acid groups, where the number of carbon groups may be 6 to 60, such as preferably citric acid and trimer acids, and / or proceeding from ester compounds, especially methyl esters and / or triglycerides of one or more of the aforementioned acids, in each case combined with one or more monocarboxylic acids, preferably combined with one or more C4-C24 monocarboxylic acids, preferably stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, especially 12-hydroxystearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, salicylic acid, ester compounds, especially methyl esters, and / or triglycerides of one or more of the aforementioned acids and / or combined with monostearylsebacamide and / or monostearylterephthalamide.

24. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains, as additive, an aromatic amine, preferably selected from styrenated diphenylamine, phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, phenyl-beta-naphthylamine, octylated and / or butylated diphenylamine, especially p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, nonylated diphenylamine, preferably in a proportion of 0.5% by weight to 23% by weight, more preferably from 0.5% by weight to 20% by weight, especially from 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

25. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by a lower use temperature of not more than -30°C, preferably not more than -40°C, according to IP 186, 2015 edition, and / or an upper use temperature of at least +160°C, preferably at least +180°C, DIN 51821 1+2, 2016,7 edition.

26. Use of a lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims for lubrication of drive elements, preferably of roller bearings, transmissions, slide bearings, actuators and / or chains, where there are preferably electrical potentials on the drive elements.

27. Use according to Claim 26, characterized in that the drive elements are selected from pulley bearings, fan bearings, vacuum pump bearings, roller bearings of electric motors, especially of hybrid and electrical vehicles, generators, especially of electrical vehicles and rail vehicles, wind turbines, industrial motors, ancillary units in vehicles and / or articulated joints of vehicles.

28. Use according to Claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the lubricant composition is used for lubrication of drive elements, preferably of roller bearings, where a lower use temperature of the lubricant composition of not more than -30°C, preferably not more than -40°C, according to IP 186, 2015 edition, and / or preferably an upper use temperature of at least +160°C, preferably at least +180°C, determined according to DIN 51821 1+2, 2016,7 edition, is necessary.