SELF-SUPPORTING STRUCTURE

Description

Field of invention

[0001] The invention relates to the field of load-bearing structures. More particularly, the invention relates to the field of self-supporting load-bearing structures which can be used as support structures in various fields such as housing, furniture, or even the performing arts. State of the art

[0002] It is well known in the prior art to use supporting structures for a variety of applications, for example to serve as a framework when making various constructions such as tents, teepees, marquees, or any similar type of structure serving as a support for various coverings which may take the form of canvas or flexible fabrics. Other known variations of the prior art of supporting structures are found in the production of supports for play activities such as, for example, play frames. The implementation of supporting structures in the field of architecture is also known in the prior art. Such structures may in particular have beams arranged in relation to each other so as to obtain good stability and resistance to forces depending on the elements to be supported.For example, in the field of carpentry, we know the arrangement of sections of wood together to form trusses intended to support the weight of the roof of a building. Such structures can be self-supporting, that is to say, their stability is ensured by the rigidity of their shape alone. The Eiffel Tower is a well-known example.

[0003] The prior art discloses types of self-supporting load-bearing structures characterized in particular by their lightness, their stability and their capacity to exhibit increased resistance to forces. For example, patent ES2482365 discloses a tensegrity structural module having applications in the field of lightweight structure design. In such a structure, rigid structural elements, such as beams, are connected to each other by cables, so as to obtain a distribution and balance of mechanical stresses throughout the structure. Such tensegrity structures are found in architecture, for example in geodesic spheres in which geodesic bars are arranged in a lattice and follow the great circles of the sphere to form said structure.Although tensegrity structures have the advantage of being lightweight and optimizing the interior space of the structure by eliminating the need for internal pillars to support the structure, their design involves constraints related to the implementation of cables between the beams or bars to distribute the mechanical stresses, and thus obtain the desired self-support. In addition, the design of tensegrity structures involves complex preliminary calculations to ensure the final stability of the structure. Such calculations are restrictive because they require the implementation of high-performance software.

[0004] There are also so-called reciprocal structures. The principle of reciprocity is based on the use of load-bearing elements that support each other, but never at the ends, and form a spatial configuration without a defined structural hierarchy.

[0005] Other types of self-supporting structures are disclosed in the prior art, including foldable self-supporting structures. This is the case of patent application US20080115816 A1, which discloses a lightweight, compact, and strong foldable self-supporting structure. The structure disclosed in this patent application includes, in particular, a plurality of essentially triangular frame sections connected together by crosspieces. One of the crosspiece elements of each triangular frame section is foldable and hollow to allow the structure to be folded.

[0006] However, the ground stability of such a structure is ensured by the implementation of triangular sections. In addition, for such a structure, there are no extensions at the intersections between the different load-bearing segments, and the interior volume of the stabilized structure is not optimized. The invention described in patent US20080115816 also requires the implementation of an assembly at the ends of the rectilinear segments to resist the majority of the compressive and tensile forces.

[0007] The invention aims to limit at least one of the aforementioned drawbacks. Summary of the invention

[0008] In this respect, the invention relates to a self-supporting supporting structure comprising a set of N beams, N being even and greater than or equal to six, the self-supporting supporting structure comprising connecting elements connecting the beams together and holding each beam in abutment against a first adjacent beam at a first upper support point of the beam, and holding each beam in abutment against a second adjacent beam at a second lower support point of the beam, the first upper support point and the second lower support point being distant from a first lower end of the beam and from a second upper end of the beam, said beams being configured and the connecting elements connecting the beams to each other so that the self-supporting supporting structure is in a mounted configuration in which: The self-supporting supporting structure rests on a support by the first lower ends of said beams of the assembly; Each beam crosses the first adjacent beam at the first high support point and crosses the second adjacent beam at the second low support point; Projections of the first high support points and of the second low support points, on a first plane form vertices of a convex polygon, each side of which connects a projection of one of the first high support points on the first plane to a projection of one of the second low support points on said first plane.

[0009] Each beam is: Be closer to a vertical axis passing through a center of the convex polygon than the first adjacent beam, at the first top support point and further from the vertical axis than the second adjacent beam, at the second bottom support point; Be further from the vertical axis than the first adjacent beam, at the first top support point and closer to the vertical axis than the second adjacent beam, at the second bottom support point.

[0010] The lengths, shapes, and weights of the beams, the shapes of their ends, as well as the degrees of freedom of movement permitted by the connecting elements and the positioning of the support points are chosen to allow the supporting structure to be in an erected configuration. These characteristics are determined based on the configuration of the support, environmental constraints, and the use case. Irregularly shaped beams can be used advantageously without reducing the load-bearing and self-supporting properties of the structure.

[0011] One advantage is to solve the problem of the prior art related to the optimization of the internal volume of the structure while ensuring stability, self-support and simplicity of assembly of the structure.

[0012] Another advantage is to reduce the constraints of the prior art linked to the quantity of material necessary for the design of the structure as well as the constraints linked to the connection of the various structural elements.

[0013] Another advantage is to ensure adaptability of the structure to various terrain constraints such as variable ground geometries.

[0014] Another advantage is the possible application of the structure in various fields of application, such as furniture, performing arts, garden greenhouses, children's play structures, cabins, bridges and pontoons, garages, lean-tos, canopies, cat trees, aviaries, garden structures such as pergolas, multidirectional stakes, garden sheds, public structures such as sunshades and multidirectional screens or sheltered stands, frames such as photovoltaic panel frames or painters' easels or platform supports, such as observation platform supports, platform supports for treetop adventure parks to prevent trees from being used as supports for said platforms, or climbing wall support frames known as "climbing blocks".

[0015] Another advantage is being able to create habitable structures that are resistant, inexpensive, and part of an ecologically responsible dynamic.

[0016] Another advantage is that it allows for habitable structures that are as stable and resistant as structures made from concrete, without the need for the latter.

[0017] Another advantage is to create a stable structure on a support with a slope of up to 15%.

[0018] Another advantage is to create a structure that can be assembled by one person alone without requiring the use of additional tools in addition to the parts included in the structure.

[0019] In one embodiment, projections of each of the first and second ends onto the first plane lie outside the convex polygon.

[0020] One advantage is that, via inclined offsets of the gantries, the structure is adaptable to various climatic constraints such as wind corridors or avalanche corridors.

[0021] In one embodiment, the beams are configured and the connecting members connect the beams to each other such that the structure is adapted to be in a mounted configuration in which the convex polygon is regular; projections of the first ends of the beams on the first plane are located on the same circle with center located at the center of the polygon.

[0022] One advantage is to simplify the assembly of the structure. Another advantage is to standardize the distances from a first support point to a second support point along the structure.

[0023] Another advantage is having a symmetrical and particularly stable structure configuration.

[0024] Another advantage is being able to anchor the structure to the ground.

[0025] In one embodiment, the beams have substantially the same length and a first distance separating the first support point from the first end of each beam is substantially equal to a second distance separating the second support point from the second end of the beam and is substantially equal to one third of the length of the beam.

[0026] One advantage is to increase the stability and strength of the structure. Another advantage is to simplify the assembly of the structure by a uniform arrangement of the lower ends. Another advantage is to save the resistance force of the material constituting the beam. Another advantage is to save the amount of material necessary for the construction of the structure. Another advantage is to increase the strength of the structure on the portions of the beams located between two support points.

[0027] In one embodiment, in the mounted configuration, the second support points belong to the same second plane substantially parallel to the first plane and the first plane is substantially perpendicular to the gravitational force.

[0028] In one embodiment, at least one of the connecting elements is capable of being in a first configuration in which it allows three degrees of rotational freedom between the beam and the first beam adjacent to the beam or the second beam adjacent to the beam.

[0029] One advantage is being able to modify the structure's configuration to suit the use case. Another advantage is being able to modify the structure's interior volume. Another advantage is being able to modify the crossing angles between two adjacent beams.

[0030] In one embodiment, at least one of the connecting elements is capable of being in a second configuration in which it allows two degrees of freedom in translation between a beam of the assembly and the first beam adjacent to the beam or the second beam adjacent to the beam along the respective longitudinal axes of said beam and of the first beam adjacent to the beam or the second beam adjacent to the beam.

[0031] One advantage is being able to change the positions at which the beams intersect, for example depending on the inclination of the support. Another advantage is being able to change the interior volume of the structure.

[0032] In one embodiment, the connecting elements connect the beams together so that, in the assembled configuration, each beam of the assembly exerts: ▪ Let a first reaction force have a radial component with respect to an axis parallel to the gravitational force and passing through a center of the polygon on a first other beam, at the first support point and in a first direction, and a second reaction force have a radial component in a second direction opposite to the first direction on a second other beam at a second support point; ▪ Let a third reaction force have a radial component with respect to an axis parallel to the gravitational force and passing through a center of the polygon on a second other beam, at the second support point and in the first direction, and a fourth reaction force have a radial component in the second direction opposite to the first direction on a first other beam at a first support point;

[0033] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a kit for mounting a self-supporting supporting structure according to the invention comprising: ▪ the set of at least six beams, the lengths of the beams being between 0.5 meters and 6 meters, the first ends of the beams being machined so that, in the assembled configuration, the beams have a single support point, or a single support surface, on the support at their first ends; ▪ the connecting elements, said connecting elements being capable of connecting the beams together so that the self-supporting supporting structure is capable of being in the assembled configuration, ▪ end caps, each of said end caps being capable of covering a portion of a beam from a first end of the beam.

[0034] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a structure for housing comprising a self-supporting supporting structure according to the invention.

[0035] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a piece of furniture comprising a self-supporting supporting structure according to the invention.

[0036] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a garden greenhouse comprising a self-supporting supporting structure according to the invention.

[0037] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a cabin comprising a self-supporting supporting structure according to the invention.

[0038] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a marquee comprising a self-supporting supporting structure according to the invention.

[0039] According to another aspect, the invention also relates to a self-supporting supporting structure in the mounted configuration.

[0040] According to one embodiment, the projections of the high support points and the low support points of each beam with its two respective adjacent beams on the first plane form the ends of one side of the convex polygon.

[0041] One advantage is to optimize the interior volume of the structure.

[0042] According to one embodiment, for each beam of the structure, the second upper ends are further from the vertical axis than the first lower ends.

[0043] According to one embodiment, for each beam of the structure, the first lower ends are further from the vertical axis than the second upper ends.

[0044] According to one embodiment, each beam forms a portal frame with the first beam adjacent to said beam, and forms a sub-portal frame with the second beam adjacent to said beam. In this case, the first adjacent beam also belongs to a sub-portal frame adjacent to the portal frame to which said first adjacent beam belongs.

[0045] According to one embodiment, each beam forms a gantry with the first beam adjacent to said beam and forms a sub-gantry with the second beam adjacent to said beam, and: each sub-portal has a first angle of inclination relative to the ground and oriented towards a center of the structure of less than 90°; each portico has a second angle of inclination relative to the ground and oriented towards the outside of the structure of less than 90°.

[0046] According to one embodiment, projections of each of the first lower ends and each of the second upper ends of each beam onto the first plane are located outside said convex polygon.

[0047] According to one embodiment, each beam has a maximum of two support points with other beams of the structure.

[0048] According to one embodiment, the connecting elements connect the beams together so that each beam of the assembly exerts: Let there be a first reaction force having a radial component with respect to an axis parallel to the gravitational force and passing through a center of the polygon on the first beam, at the first upper support point and in a first direction, and a second reaction force having a radial component in a second direction opposite to the first direction on the second beam immediately adjacent to said beam and at the second lower support point; Let there be a third reaction force having a radial component with respect to an axis parallel to the gravitational force and passing through a center of the polygon on the second beam immediately adjacent to said beam, at the second lower support point and in the first direction, and a fourth reaction force having a radial component in the second direction opposite to the first direction on the first beam at the first upper support point.

[0049] According to one embodiment, the beams are configured and the connecting elements connect the beams to each other such that the structure is in an erected configuration in which: the convex polygon is regular, projections of the first lower ends of the beams on the first plane are located on the same circle with center located at the center of the polygon.

[0050] According to one embodiment, the beams have substantially the same length. According to one example, the supporting structure is characterized in that a first distance separating the first upper support point from the first lower end of a beam is substantially equal to a second distance separating the second support point from the second upper end of said beam and is substantially equal to one third of the length of the beam.

[0051] According to one embodiment, the second low support points comprise points belonging to the same second plane substantially parallel to the first plane, and in which the first plane is substantially perpendicular to the gravitational force.

[0052] According to one embodiment, at least one of the connecting elements is in a first configuration in which it allows three degrees of freedom in rotation between a beam of the assembly and either: the first beam adjacent to said beam or the second beam adjacent to said beam.

[0053] According to one embodiment, at least one of the connecting elements is in a second configuration in which it allows two degrees of freedom in translation between a beam of the assembly and either: the first adjacent beam, and along the respective longitudinal axes of said beam and said first adjacent beam, or the second adjacent beam, and along the respective longitudinal axes of said beam and said second adjacent beam.

[0054] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a kit for mounting a self-supporting supporting structure according to the invention comprising: the set of at least six beams, the lengths of the beams being between 0.5 meters and 6 meters, the first lower ends of the beams being machined so that, in the assembled configuration, the beams have a single support point, or a single support surface, on the support at their first lower ends; the connecting elements, said connecting elements being capable of connecting the beams together so that the self-supporting supporting structure is capable of being in the assembled configuration.

[0055] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a habitat, a living space, a toy, an apparatus, a piece of furniture, a frame, a platform, a play structure, or a marquee comprising a self-supporting supporting structure according to the invention.

[0056] According to one example, each support zone between two beams comprises connecting means blocking the degrees of freedom of one beam with respect to the other beam. This connecting means may be an element external to the beams, such as a chord, or a design element of one or more beams such as machining allowing one beam to be embedded in the other beam. According to one embodiment, the connecting means may be a combination of an external means and a design means. One advantage is to allow the structure to support a weight arranged in a horizontal plane and supported by said structure while avoiding sliding or deformation of said structure. Brief description of the figures

[0057] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the appended figures, which illustrate: Fig. 1 : on the left, a top view of an example of a structure according to a mode of the invention comprising six intersecting beams, in the assembled configuration and, on the right, a view of the projections of the support points of the beams on the foreground. Fig. 2 : on the left, a top view of the structure of the figure 1 in the mounted configuration on which a circle is shown onto which the lower ends are projected and, on the right, a view of the projections of the lower ends of the beams on the foreground. Fig.3 : a perspective view of the structure of the Figures 1 and 2 on which the support points are shown in black. Fig.4 : a perspective view of the structure of the figures 1 And 3on which the support points are represented in black on which are represented axes of the degrees of freedom in rotation and in translation at the level of the support points. Fig.5 : a schematic representation of a habitat whose framework is a second example of a structure according to a mode of the invention when it is implemented for the creation of a habitat structure. Fig.6 : a schematic representation of a piece of furniture whose structure is a structure according to the first example of the figures 1 to 4 . Fig.7 : A view of several structures according to various embodiments of the invention arranged together and whose respective high support points form polygons. Fig.8 : A view of several modular structures obtained by the association of several structures of the invention in embodiments where they form climbing frame structures. Fig.9: A view of a structure of the invention in one embodiment where it comprises a set of six beams forming three portal frames and three sub-portal frames. Detailed description of the invention

[0058] The invention relates to a self-supporting and load-bearing structure comprising a set of N beams, N being even and greater than or equal to six. Definitions

[0059] In the following description: The self-supporting structure SP of the invention is referred to interchangeably by the terms "self-supporting structure SP", "supporting structure SP" or even "structure SP" to refer to the same structure SP. A "beam" is a rectilinear piece elongated rectilinearly along a longitudinal axis of the beam having a given length along the longitudinal axis, and used for the assembly of the structure SP. The "beams" making up the structure SP are not limited to wooden beams, but to rectilinear pieces that can be made of any kind of material. Furthermore, the structure SP applies to various fields ranging from the construction of housing(s) to the design of furniture. Thus, the same term "beam" will designate the rectilinear pieces forming the structure of the invention, whatever their dimensions, the materials composing them and whatever the field of application.We designate "high support points" A 1 , A x to refer to the support points between two beams PK located at the highest altitude, along a vertical axis O y passing through a center of the structure SP , when the structure SP is in an erected configuration. Conversely, we designate "low support points" B x, y to refer to the support points located at an altitude lower than the high support points, along the vertical axis O y , when the structure is in an erected configuration. We consider the altitude of the support points by taking as a reference the support on which the structure is mounted, that is to say the surface with which the lower ends of the beams, called "first low ends E 1", are in contact along the vertical axis O y .The first high support points A x, y and the second low support points B x, y are understood to mean support zones between the beams, a single support zone being able to comprise a plurality of support points. Generally speaking, in the present invention, a "support point" between two beams is understood to mean a "support zone" forming a contact surface between the two beams. This contact surface can be flat in 2D or can be a complex surface forming several intersecting planes when machining is planned to embed a beam in another beam, for example by a half-timbered assembly between two beams. The vertical axis O y is defined as an axis substantially parallel to the gravitational force and passing through the center of the structure, for example passing through the center of the circle C 1 in the case where the first ends E 1 belong to the same circle as illustrated in . figure 2. A horizontal plane is a plane perpendicular to the gravitational force. The high support points are designated by the term "first high support points A x,y" and the low support points are designated by the term "second low support points B x,y". On the figure 1, only the support points A 1,6 and B 1,4 are referenced for clarity. The indices "x,y" are intended to designate the beams having the support point considered. For example, the first support point A 1,2 designates a high support point between beams 1 and 2. In this description, the support points A x, y , B x, y are considered to be equivalent to the support points A y, x , B y, x . These support points are each intended to designate a position at which the beams P k of the structure S p have the support point considered or a local support zone around this support point. For each beam PK , a "first adjacent beam" P k1 and a "second adjacent beam" P k2 are designated. Each beam PK of the structure intersects the first adjacent beam P k1 at a first support point A x, y and the second adjacent beam P k2 at a second support point B x, y .Thus, each beam P k forms a frame with the first adjacent beam P k1 and a sub-frame with the second adjacent beam P k2 . This formulation is understood to refer to "the first adjacent beam P k1 to said beam P k", and the "second adjacent beam P k2 to said beam P k". It is therefore understood that the designation of a beam of the structure as "first adjacent beam" P k1 or "second adjacent beam" P k2 in the present description depends on the beam PK taken as reference. It is also understood that each beam PK of the structure SP is both part of a frame and part of a sub-frame. The term "frame" refers to a pair of beams PK intersecting at a first upper support point A x, y . The term "sub-frame" refers to a pair of beams PK intersecting at a second lower support point B x, y .Thus, a given beam P k and its first adjacent beam P k1 form a gantry, a given beam P k forms a sub-gantry with its second adjacent beam P k2 . Adjacent sub-gantry frames SPO rtk1, SPO rtk2, to a given gantry frame PO rt are designated to designate sub-gantry frames each comprising a beam in common with said gantry frame PO rt . Adjacent gantry frames PO rtk1, PO rtk2, to a given sub-gantry frame SPO rt are designated to designate gantry frames comprising a beam in common with said sub-gantry frame. In the structure of the invention, each gantry frame PO rt therefore comprises two adjacent sub-gantry frames SPO rtk1, SPO rtk2, , and each sub-gantry frame SPO rt comprises two adjacent gantry frames PO rtk1, PO rtk2. With reference to the . figure 9, each beam PK of the structure intersects the first adjacent beam Pk 1 at a first upper support point A x, y and intersects the second adjacent beam Pk 2 at a second lower support point B x, y . Each beam P k forms a frame PO rt with the first adjacent beam Pk 1 , and forms a sub-frame SPO rt with the second adjacent beam Pk 2 . Thus, the first adjacent beam Pk 1 and the second adjacent beam P k2 are differentiated from a given beam PK in that the first adjacent beam Pk 1 has the first upper support point A x, y with said beam P k , and in that the second adjacent beam Pk 2 has the second lower support point B x, y with said beam P k . It is therefore understood that the designation of a beam of the structure as "adjacent beam" in the present description depends on the beam PK taken as reference.It is also understood that each beam PK of the structure SP is both part of a frame PO rt and part of a sub-frame SPO rt . A "convex polygon" is designated to refer to a polygon in which any segment joining two vertices of the polygon is included in the closed component bounded by the sides of the polygon. A "module" designates a structure according to the invention. Several modules may be associated within the framework of the invention to form a complex structure. Such a complex structure will also be designated by the term "modular structure". Within the framework of the invention, the properties of self-supporting, resistance to forces (compression, traction, shear, torsion, etc.) are inherent to a module.However, for more complex cases, for example to further strengthen this resistance to forces, or to increase the interior volume of the structure, or simply to comply with specifications aimed at obtaining a specific structure with a specific volume or shape(s), for example a house, several modules are likely to be associated. Such a case is notably illustrated on the . figure 8, which describes complex structures composed of several modules according to the invention to form climbing game structures. In the case of complex structures comprising a plurality of modules, the PK beams are likely to cross other beams at a number of support points greater than two. On the other hand, this characteristic is not necessary to obtain the advantages inherent in the invention (load-bearing, self-supporting, stress-resistant structure, making it possible to obtain a large interior volume with a minimum of material while being environmentally friendly).

[0060] The description of the present invention is based on several embodiments describing possible variations of the self-supporting supporting structure SP of the invention.

[0061] Alternative embodiments are described in each of these embodiments, and may apply to all embodiments. Thus, features described for one embodiment are applicable to another embodiment. The invention protects the various combinations of features described across these various embodiments. Beam configuration and dimensions

[0062] There figure 1 illustrates, on the left, a top view of the self-supporting structure SP according to a first example. The self-supporting structure SP is in an assembled configuration and comprises a set ENS 1 of six beams P k (P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , P 4 , P 5 , P 6 , ...).

[0063] This set ENS 1 of six PK beams comprises three subsets of two PK beams forming three PO rt frames and three subsets of PK beams forming three SPO rt sub-frames. This representation makes it possible to understand that each PK beam of the set ENS 1 is part of both a PO rt frame and a SPO rt sub-frame.

[0064] In one embodiment, the length of each of the beams P k is between 0.5 meters and 1 meter.

[0065] This configuration is advantageous for the creation of certain pieces of furniture, such as stools or coffee tables.

[0066] In one embodiment, the length of each of the PK beams of the SP structure is 6 meters maximum.

[0067] One advantage is that it allows a single person to assemble the SP structure by themselves.

[0068] According to another embodiment, the length of the beams P k is between 1 meter and 2 meters.

[0069] According to one embodiment, the length of the beams P k is between 6 meters and 10 meters.

[0070] An advantage is to allow the use of the structure S p of the invention for the purposes of a habitable structure or collective place.

[0071] The invention is not limited to particular beam dimensions P k. The dimensions of the beams P k will be determined in particular according to the use cases.

[0072] According to one embodiment, the weight of the P k beams is between 5 kg and 10 kg. In this case, the P k beams are, for example, wooden beams. An advantage is to use P k beams whose weight allows the structure to be assembled by a single person.

[0073] The invention is not limited to a particular beam weight. The weight of the beams is substantially correlated to the material used, the length and the diameter of the beams.

[0074] Different shapes of beams P k can be implemented in the supporting structure S p of the invention. According to various examples, the structure S p comprises beams whose profile is rectangular or "T" shaped or even beams whose profile is "I" shaped or circular, or even slightly oval. Some beam profiles can be machined so as to obtain a profile comprising curved portions and straight portions. At the support points or support zones, the beam profiles can, in certain embodiments, have a machined surface so as to make two beams cooperate with each other. The cooperation can result in an optimized contact surface to distribute the action and reaction forces from one beam to the other and vice versa. The invention is not limited to a particular beam shape. The shapes of the beams will be determined according to the use cases.

[0075] According to various examples, the beams P k of the structure include continuous beams, solid beams, composite beams, box beams.

[0076] Optionally, at least one beam P k is an unmachined part. The beam P k comprises, for example, a part of a broken tree, due to natural actions (volis), or unnatural actions (for example, by human action). This is, for example, a branch of a tree, voluntarily removed from the tree by human action, or removed by natural cause (for example, meteorological).

[0077] According to one embodiment, the beams P k of the structure S p are treated against humidity. Such treatment is for example implemented when the beams P k of the structure S p are wooden beams.

[0078] One advantage is to improve the water-repellent properties of the beams. Another advantage is to reduce surface material losses resulting from the action of water on the wood. Another advantage is to reduce the maintenance and upkeep cycles of the S p structure.

[0079] Each beam P k of the assembly ENS 1 has a first low end E 1 and a second high end E 2. The first low ends E 1 correspond to the ends in contact with a support, for example a horizontal ground, when the structure is in the assembled configuration. The second high ends E 2 correspond to the ends positioned at altitudes higher than those of the first low ends E 1 relative to the support, when the structure is in the assembled configuration.

[0080] According to one embodiment, the first lower ends E 1 of the beams P k are machined. The machining is for example carried out so as to define a single support point, or a single support zone, of the first lower end E 1 of the beam P k on the support S p . The beams P k are for example machined to define a rounded shape of the first lower ends E 1 .

[0081] One advantage is to locally reduce the volume of the beams PK . Another advantage is to improve the footprint of the beams P k . Another advantage is to improve the stability of the structure S p .

[0082] According to one embodiment, the first lower ends E 1 comprise an end cap. The end cap constitutes a protective covering for the first lower ends E 1 . The end cap covers, for example, the beam P k from the first lower ends E 1 over 1 / 20th of the length of the beam P k . Different end cap dimensions may be chosen depending on the use cases. The end cap is, for example, a rubber end cap. Other materials may be chosen depending on the use cases. One advantage is to locally protect the beams P k from the structure S p . Another advantage is to improve the footprint of the structure S p . Another advantage is to prevent the first lower ends E 1 of the beams from sliding on the support.

[0083] In the following description, with reference to the figure 3 , we mean by "an angle of inclination relative to the ground of a PO rt gantry or a SPO rt sub-gantry", an angle between: ▪ a first reference line D ref1 passing through the first upper support point A x, y between the beams of the gantry PO rt or the lower support point B x, y of the beams P k forming the sub-gantry SPO rt and intersecting a second reference line D ref2 connecting the first lower ends E 1 of the beams P k forming the gantry PO rt or the sub-gantry SPO rt, and ▪ a plane parallel to the support and to which the second reference line D ref2 belongs.

[0084] Advantageously, at least one sub-portico SPO rt has a first angle of inclination α 1 relative to the ground, and oriented towards the interior of the structure S p , less than 45°.

[0085] Advantageously, at least one sub-portico SPO rt has a first angle of inclination α 1 relative to the ground, and oriented towards the interior of the structure S p , less than 90°.

[0086] Advantageously, at least one sub-portico SPO rt has a first angle of inclination α 1 relative to the ground, and oriented towards the interior of the structure S p , between 45° and 70°.

[0087] Advantageously, at least one sub-portico SPO rt has a first angle of inclination α 1 relative to the ground, and oriented towards the interior of the structure S p , between 70° and 90°.

[0088] The measurement of the first angle of inclination α 1 relative to the ground and oriented towards the interior of the structure S p takes for example as a reference point the second low support point B x, y of the sub-portal SPO rt considered.

[0089] Advantageously, at least one gantry PO rt has a second angle of inclination α 2 relative to the ground, and oriented towards the outside of the structure S p , less than 45°.

[0090] Advantageously, at least one gantry PO rt has a second angle of inclination α 2 relative to the ground, and oriented towards the outside of the structure S p , less than 90°.

[0091] Advantageously, at least one gantry PO rt has a second angle of inclination α 2 relative to the ground, and oriented towards the outside of the structure S p , between 45° and 70°.

[0092] Advantageously, at least one gantry PO rt has a second angle of inclination α 2 relative to the ground, and oriented towards the outside of the structure S p , between 70° and 90°.

[0093] The measurement of the second angle of inclination α 2 relative to the ground and oriented towards the outside of the structure S p takes for example as a reference point the first high support point A x, y of the gantry PO rt considered.

[0094] Optionally, all the sub-portals SPO rt of the structure S p have a first angle of inclination α 1 relative to the ground and oriented towards the interior of the structure S p equal.

[0095] Optionally, the set of porticos PO rt of the structure S p has a second angle of inclination α 2 relative to the ground and oriented towards the interior of the structure S p equal.

[0096] Optionally, the first inclination angle α 1 of at least one sub-gantry SPO rt is less than the first inclination angle α 1 of at least one other sub-gantry SPO rt .

[0097] Optionally, the second inclination angle α 2 of at least one gantry PO rt is less than the second inclination angle α 2 of at least one other gantry PO rt .

[0098] Optionally, the angles between beams P k and their respective first adjacent beam P k1 are unequal along the structure S p .

[0099] An advantage is that two pairs of beams of two portal frames having unequal angles at the first high support points A x, y will never touch each other in the event of extension of the beams beyond said first high support points A x, y. This configuration is advantageous, for example, for constituting support points capable of supporting a single-pitched roof.

[0100] Optionally, the angles between the beams P k and their respective first adjacent beam P k1 are all equal.

[0101] Optionally, at least two angles between a first beam P k and its respective first adjacent beam, and between a second beam P k and its respective first adjacent beam are unequal. Materials constituting the beams

[0102] According to one embodiment, the set of beams ENS 1 comprises beams P k made of wood. The wood species constituting the beams may include, but are not limited to, oak, elm, fir, spruce, larch, pine.

[0103] The choice of wood species depends in particular on the use case. One advantage of being able to use different wood species for beams is that it allows for regional availability. Another particular advantage of using wood is that it allows for the construction of lightweight and inexpensive structures, for example, compared to concrete constructions. Another advantage is that it uses an environmentally friendly and readily available material.

[0104] According to one embodiment, the beam assembly ENS 1 comprises beams P k made of bamboo. One advantage is that it uses an easy-to-grow material with good strength values. Another advantage of bamboo is its elasticity and low weight.

[0105] Another advantage of bamboo is its ability to fix CO2. Another advantage is that growing bamboo requires little fertilizer and little use of plant protection products. Thus, bamboo has both technically and ecologically interesting characteristics.

[0106] Another advantage of bamboo comes from its tensile and compressive strengths.

[0107] Another benefit of bamboo comes from its thermal, acoustic and vibration absorption properties.

[0108] Other materials may be used to make up the PK beams of the SP structure, such as, for example, but not limited to, a metal alloy such as steel or a composite material.

[0109] The choice of material is linked in particular to the function and dimensions of the structure S p , as well as to environmental constraints and terrain constraints, in particular the support on which the structure SP will be affixed. First and second support points

[0110] Each beam P k of the set ENS 1 intersects the first adjacent beam Pk 1 at a first upper support point A x, y and intersects the second adjacent beam Pk 2 at a second lower support point B x, y .

[0111] An advantage of this configuration is to define an interior volume of the SP structure delimited by the crossed P k beams.

[0112] For example, beam P 3 intersects the first adjacent beam P 5 at a first support point A 3.5 and intersects the second adjacent beam P 4 at a second support point B 3.4 .

[0113] The intersecting beams Pk materialize a closed loop formed by a line passing through the first high support point A x, y between a beam P k and the first adjacent beam Pk 1 , and joining the second low support point B x, y between said beam P k and the second adjacent beam Pk 2 , and so on following the axis of the beams P k of the structure S p until returning to the initial first high support point A x, y. Thus, the intersecting beams P k delimit a partially closed volume whose boundaries are materialized by said beams P k of the structure S p .

[0114] The first high support points A x, y, and the second low support points B x, y are distant from the ends E 1 , E 2 of the beams P k , so that there are extensions of each of the beams P k of the set ENS 1 beyond said first high support points A x, y and second low support points B x, y.

[0115] In one embodiment, the beams P k are configured and the connecting elements L x, y connect the beams P k such that, in the configuration mounted on a substantially horizontal support, at least three first high support points A x, y, are located in the same first plane PL 1 substantially perpendicular to the axis O y, and at least three second low support points B x, y are located in the same second plane PL 2 substantially parallel to the first plane PL 1 . For example, in this case, all the first high support points A x, y are located at the same distance from the second high ends E 2, and / or all the second low support points B x, y are located at the same distance from the first low ends E 1 , and the beams are identical.

[0116] In one embodiment, the beams P k are configured and the connecting elements L x, y connect the beams P k such that, in the assembled configuration, the structure SP comprises at least four gantries PO rt, and at least one first high support point A x, y of a beam PK on the first adjacent beam P k1 is outside the first plane PL 1 formed by at least three other first high support points A x, y .

[0117] This configuration is made possible, for example, when one of the PO rt frames includes beams larger than those of the other frames in the structure.

[0118] An advantage is being able to mount the SP structure on a support with altitude variations.

[0119] In one embodiment, the beams P k are configured and the connecting elements L x, y connect the beams P k so that, in the configuration where the structure S p is mounted on a horizontal support, projections Y x,y of the first high support points A x , y on the first plane PL 1 belong to the same circle whose center belongs to the axis O y .

[0120] This configuration is for example made possible in a configuration in which all the first high support points A x, y are located at the same distance from the second high ends E 2, and / or all the second low support points B x, y are located at the same distance from the first low ends E 1 , the beams P k are identical and form the same angles between them at the level of the first high support points A x, y . In this case, the convex polygon is regular.

[0121] In one embodiment, the projections Y x, y of the first high support points A x, y and the projections Z x, y of the second low support points are orthogonal projections.

[0122] Optionally, the projections Y x, y of the upper support point A x, y and the projections Z x, y of the lower support point B x, y of each beam P k on the first plane PL 1 form the ends of one side of the convex polygon PGN.

[0123] This case is particularly advantageous in terms of increasing the interior volume of the SP structure. Indeed, this case illustrates that no beam passes "through the interior volume of the structure" (for example to cross a symmetrically opposite, or substantially symmetrically opposite, or diametrically opposite, or substantially diametrically opposite beam, or to cross any other beam with which the orthogonal projection of the support point on the first plane would form one end of a diagonal of the polygon, that is to say one end of a segment connecting two vertices of the polygon other than a side), which makes it possible to free up space inside the volume delimited by the portal frames and sub-portal frames.

[0124] Optionally, the beams P k are configured so that, in the mounted position, the projections of the support points of a given beam P k with two other beams do not include, nor intersect, one of the apothems of the convex polygon PGN.

[0125] This amounts to saying that no beam P k passes "through the interior volume of the structure", so that advantageously, the interior volume of the structure is optimized.

[0126] In one embodiment, the beams P k are configured and the connecting elements L x, y connect the beams P k so that, in the mounted configuration, projections Z x, y of the second low support points B x, y on the first plane PL 1 belong to the same circle whose center belongs to the axis O y .

[0127] In one embodiment, the beams P k are configured and the connecting elements L x, y connect the beams P k so that, in the mounted configuration, the projections Y x, y, Z x, y of the first high support points A x, y, and of the second low support points B x, y on the first plane PL 1 belong to the same circle whose center belongs to the axis O y .

[0128] In one embodiment, the beams P k are configured and the connecting elements L x, y connect the beams P k so that, in the mounted configuration, the projections Y x, y, Z x, y of the first high support points A x, y, , and of the second low support points B x, y on the first plane PL 1 respectively belong to different and concentric circles whose center belongs to the axis O y .

[0129] This configuration is advantageous for the implementation of the SP structure in special cases, such as for example for the design of stools, or for the design of a trampoline structure.

[0130] In one embodiment, the distance between the first upper support point A x, y and the second upper end E 2 of each beam P k is reduced. The distance between the first upper support point A x, y and the second upper end E 2 of the beam P k is for example less than 1 / 10 th of the length of a beam P k .

[0131] This configuration is advantageous in ensuring the safety of a user when the SP structure is implemented as a trampoline structure.

[0132] In one embodiment, the first high support points A x, y and second low support points B x, y of each beam P k are separated, along the longitudinal axis of the beam P k , by a distance substantially equal to one third of the length of each beam PK .

[0133] An advantage is to limit the distance between the first and second support points of the PK beams. In this way, the resistance to compressive forces of each PK beam is advantageously high.

[0134] One advantage is to allow optimal stability of the SP structure.

[0135] The SP structure is advantageously suitable for being mounted on any type of support such as, for example, but not limited to, concrete, tiles, sand, parquet, or even grass.

[0136] In an embodiment in which the structure S p is mounted on a horizontal support, the second low support points B x, y belong to the same second plane PL 2 substantially parallel to the first plane PL 1 containing the first support points, and the first plane PL 1 is substantially horizontal. Crossing of beams

[0137] As visible on the figure 2 , the projections X y of the first lower ends E 1 of the beams P k , of which only X 3 and X 6 are referenced on the figure 2 , are outside the convex polygon PGN formed by the segments connecting the projections X x, y of the first high support points A x, y, and the projections Z x, y of the second low support points B x, y on the first plane PL 1 .

[0138] The convexity of the polygon projected onto the plane PL 1 illustrates the outward inclined offset of the portal frames of the structure SP.

[0139] "Outwards" means a direction opposite to the direction directed towards the O y axis of the SP structure. Conversely, "inwards" means a direction directed towards the O y axis.

[0140] This inclined offset of each gantry towards the outside advantageously causes an inclined offset of each sub-gantry towards the inside.

[0141] This reciprocity of the inclinations of the frames and sub-frames results from the alternative crossing of the beams P k described previously.

[0142] An advantage is to obtain a self-supporting and load-bearing structure with significant compressive strength.

[0143] An advantage of such a configuration is that the alternating interweaving of the PK beams allows significant compression forces to be supported. Indeed, the more the SP structure is loaded, the more the mechanical links between the PK beams forming the frames and the sub-frames are reinforced.

[0144] The weight exerted on the structure increases the reciprocal tension of the relationships between the crossed beams. As a result, the anchoring at the first lower ends E 1 , the support, and thus the stability of the structure are improved.

[0145] Another advantage is that the more the structure S p is loaded, the more it is anchored at the level of the first lower ends E 1 . Thus, its stability is reinforced.

[0146] Another advantage is that the outward inclined offset of each frame reciprocally causes an inward inclined offset of each sub-frame. This reciprocity of inclined offsets in different planes ensures self-stabilization of the SP structure as is the case for reciprocal structures.

[0147] Another advantage is that the reciprocity of the tension ratios at the beam crossings maintains their cohesion. Another advantage is to prevent the structure from tilting.

[0148] In one embodiment, the structure S p comprises at least one subsidiary beam. The subsidiary beam intersects, for example, a beam P k supported by an adjacent beam at a first high support point A x, y . Such a subsidiary beam may be designated by the term "rafter" used in the field of carpentry.

[0149] This configuration is particularly advantageous when building a greenhouse. This configuration allows for the creation of inclined sides on which transparent panels such as polycarbonate panels can be affixed.

[0150] Optionally, each beam P k of the structure SP exerts reaction forces on the first adjacent beam P k1 and on the second adjacent beam P k2 at the first upper support point A x, y and the second lower support point B x, y of the beam P k .

[0151] Optionally, the beams are connected together so that each beam P k is: Be closer to a vertical axis passing through a center of the convex polygon than the first adjacent beam Pk 1 , at the first upper support point A x, y , and further from the vertical axis than the second adjacent beam Pk 2 , at the second lower support point B x, y (arrangement 1); Be further from the vertical axis than the first adjacent beam Pk 1 , at the first upper support point A x, y , and closer to the vertical axis than the second adjacent beam P k2 at the second lower support point B x, y (arrangement 2).

[0152] So when a beam P k is in arrangement 1, the two beams adjacent to the beam are in arrangement 2.

[0153] Thus, each PK beam exerts a reaction force having a radial component relative to the vertical axis O y towards one of its adjacent beams. In this case, each PK beam also exerts a reaction force having a radial component in a second direction opposite to the first direction, on its other adjacent beam.

[0154] According to one embodiment, each PK beam exerts a reaction force having at least one component directed in the direction of the gravitational force and each PK beam exerts a reaction force having at least one component directed in the opposite direction to the direction of gravitation.

[0155] This distribution of forces illustrates the fact that each beam P k is both a “support” for the first adjacent beam Pk 1 and “supported” by the second adjacent beam Pk 2 , or vice versa.

[0156] Optionally, at least one beam P k has a number of support points greater than two. These are, for example, support points distinct from the first high support points A x, y and the second low support points B x, y . The figure 8 illustrates the case of modular structures forming climbing supports, in which beams have a number of support points greater than two. This number of support points greater than two comes in particular from the association of several modules together. In the examples illustrated in figure 8 , each module is made up of three PO rt gantries and three SPO rt sub-gantry cranes.

[0157] One advantage is that it allows the structure to be extended in height. Another advantage is that it increases the structure's resistance to torsion.

[0158] According to one embodiment, for each beam of the structure, when the beam is closer to the vertical axis O y than the first adjacent beam at the first support point and further from the vertical axis O y than the second adjacent beam at the second support point, then the first adjacent beam is closer to the vertical axis at the first support point than its respective second adjacent beam at its respective first low support point, and the second adjacent beam is further from the vertical axis O y than its respective first adjacent beam at its respective first high support point.

[0159] This case advantageously illustrates the alternative interweaving of beams along the structure, making it possible to reinforce the load-bearing and self-supporting properties of the structure. Number of beams in the structure

[0160] There figure 1also illustrates, on the right, projections Y x, y of the first high support points A x, y and projections Z x, y of the second low support points B x, y on the first plane PL 1 . These projections form the vertices of a convex hexagon.

[0161] It is recalled that the technical effect sought by the invention is achieved with a minimum of three pairs of PK beams, and that the addition of additional pairs depends solely on the use cases.

[0162] In alternative embodiments in which additional PO rt gantries (or additional SPO rt sub-gantry cranes depending on the point of view) are added to the SP structure, projections of the first high support points A x, y and the second low support points B x, y also form the vertices of a convex polygon having a higher number of sides.

[0163] For example, in the case of adding an additional frame, i.e. two additional beams P k , the projections Y x, y of the first high support points A x, y and the projections of the second low support points B x, y form the vertices of a convex octagon. This same logic applies depending on the number of frames PO rt , or pairs of beams PK , added to the structure SP .

[0164] A particular interest of the addition of additional PO rt gantries is found in particular in the increase of the interior volume of the SP structure.

[0165] For example, when designing a structure for housing, a large interior volume is required. For this purpose, additional PO rt gantries are integrated into the SP structure. The Figure 5 illustrates in particular an example of a structure for housing comprising a set of twelve P k beams.

[0166] According to various embodiments, the structure S p comprises several sets ENS n of N beams P k . The figure 7 illustrates four example cases. The figure 7 illustrates: top left a case where the structure SP comprises a set ENS 1 of twelve beams whose crossings according to the high support points A x, y form the vertices of a hexagon, bottom left a case where the structure S p comprises two sets ENS 1 , ENS 2 of ten beams each, whose crossings according to the high support points A x, y form the vertices of two pentagons composed of them, Top right a case where the structure S p comprises three sets ENS 1 , ENS 2 , ENS 3 of ten beams each, whose crossings according to the high support points A x, y form the vertices of three pentagons composed of them, Bottom right a case where the structure S p comprises three sets ENS 1 , ENS 2 , ENS 3 of twelve beams each, whose crossings according to the high support points A x, y form the vertices of three hexagons composed of them.

[0167] Each set corresponds to a module, and the association of these sets together forms a modular structure.

[0168] One advantage is that several self-supporting assemblies can be combined to create a large-volume structure with high stability and significant resistance to stress. For example, combining three pentagons together, as illustrated in the example at the top left of the figure 7 , allows you to define a large habitable volume, for example for the creation of a single-story building.

[0169] Another advantage is that it allows for a greater choice of structural volumes while ensuring the stability of the final structure.

[0170] Optionally, the projections of the first high support points A x, y and the projections of the first low support points B x, y onto the first plane PL 1 form the vertices of a concave polygon. These projections form, for example, vertices of a star shape.

[0171] Optionally, the modules associated to form a complex structure include a number of different gantries and sub-gantry frames.

[0172] An advantage is that it is possible to combine modules whose projections of the first high support points and / or the projections of the low support points on the foreground form the vertices of different shapes (for example the vertices of a hexagon and a triangle).

[0173] According to one embodiment, at least one set ENS n of beams P k of the structure S p is located inside a perimeter delimited by the first ends E 1 of at least one other set ENS n of beams P k . In this configuration, the sets of beams P k are no longer adjacent to each other but integrated into the perimeters of each other.

[0174] One advantage is to form modular structures from modules integrated with each other, to reinforce the self-supporting nature of the different assemblies as well as their load-bearing properties.

[0175] Another advantage is to offer the structure increased resistance to the forces supported by said complex structure, the resistance of the complex structure being greater than the sum of the resistances of the isolated assemblies of said structure, that is to say of the different modules.

[0176] Another advantage is to form large volume structures while choosing the distribution of this volume in space. Connecting elements

[0177] As illustrated in figure 3 , each beam P k is held in abutment on two adjacent beams at the first and second support points A x, y, B x, y between the beams P k by means of connecting elements L x, y . Each beam P k is held in abutment on an adjacent beam at a connecting point by a connecting element L x, y .

[0178] According to one embodiment, the connecting elements L x, y are simply intended to maintain contact between the beams at their respective support points. According to one embodiment, the presence of the connecting elements is not necessary to maintain the balance of forces and to provide its self-supporting nature to the structure. The connecting elements therefore contribute to maintaining the beam at its support point with another beam. In other words, the connecting elements serve on the one hand to simplify the assembly of the structure S p , and on the other hand, make it possible to prevent the structure from being destabilised or deformed, in particular by a rotation of a beam around an axis orthogonal to its upper support point A x, y and crossing the two beams (see for example the axis Dr 3 for the beams P 1 and P 2 on the figure 4). Thus, the connecting elements make it possible to avoid pivoting of one beam relative to another at their support point, i.e. to avoid a "scissor effect".

[0179] According to one embodiment, the connecting elements L x, y are arranged and dimensioned to avoid a scissors effect, i.e. sliding of a beam relative to an adjacent beam at the point of contact or the contact zone or rotation of a beam relative to an adjacent beam at the point of contact or the contact zone.

[0180] Optionally, in the mounted configuration, at least one connecting element L x, y is positioned so that it supports one of the beams P k .

[0181] One advantage is that it helps to maintain the beam at its support point.

[0182] Optionally, each connecting element only connects two beams P k together.

[0183] In the assembled configuration, the SP structure is stable by itself due to the geometry of the intersections between the PK beams and the mutual compensation of the inclined offsets. One objective of the connecting elements L x, y is therefore to maintain the geometry of the intersections. The connecting elements L x, y essentially provide a tensile and shear resistance function, at the first high support points A x, y and at the second low support points B x, y between two crossing P k beams.

[0184] An advantage is that the beams P k do not separate and the structure S p does not deform.

[0185] Another advantage is to keep the altitude of the first high support points A x, y and the second low support points B x, y substantially constant

[0186] According to various examples, the connecting elements L x, y include a rope, a metal collar, a glue or even bolting, nailing or a screw.

[0187] The above-mentioned examples are in no way limiting, and any type of connection suitable for maintaining two beams P k in abutment against each other at a constant altitude is capable of being implemented within the framework of the invention. The type of connection implemented within the framework of the invention is substantially correlated to the dimensions of the beams P k , as well as to the type of material constituting the latter.

[0188] According to an exemplary embodiment, at least one connecting element L x, y comprises a chord whose length is between 1.5 times and 2 times the length of a beam PK. The use of a chord of such a dimension is particularly advantageous for ensuring that the two beams PK are held in support.

[0189] In one embodiment, at least one connecting element L x, y is detachable. By "detachable" is meant that it is possible to separate two PK beams connected to each other by means of a connecting element L x, y. One advantage is to implement a configuration in which the structure can be partially or completely dismantled. Another advantage is to allow the replacement of the elements making up the structure when they are damaged. Another advantage is to promote the durability of the structure and the elements it supports.

[0190] In one embodiment, the structure S p comprises at least one joist element. Such a joist element is for example used to join two first lower ends E 1 or join two second upper ends E 2 of two beams P k which intersect.

[0191] An advantage is to implement a part that serves as a tie rod between two ends of two adjacent beams to reinforce the stability of the structure S p .

[0192] An advantage of joining the first ends together is to further fix the shape of the self-supporting structure. Note that this option is subsidiary since the shape of the structure is maintained by the connections between the beams P k .

[0193] Another advantage is being able to add a roof or a roof terrace to the structure in the case of building a habitable structure.

[0194] In one embodiment, a plurality of joist members are affixed between the second low support points B x, y .

[0195] An advantage is being able to place a floor in the structure in the case of creating a habitable structure. Degrees of freedom between beams

[0196] In an example of realization illustrated in figure 4 , at least one of the connecting elements L x, y allows one or more degrees of freedom in rotation and / or in translation between a beam P k and the first adjacent beam Pk 1 or the second adjacent beam Pk 2.

[0197] This allows the geometry of the structure to be modified from an unstable configuration to the assembled configuration in which the structure is self-supporting. It also allows for self-supporting assembled configurations adapted to the use case or the geometry of the terrain.

[0198] For example, a degree of freedom in translation of a beam P k along the longitudinal axis of an adjacent beam to which said beam P k is connected by the connecting element L x, y advantageously makes it possible to modify the position of the crossing point (i.e. the support point) between two beams PK .

[0199] According to one embodiment, at least one connecting element L x, y allows at least one degree of freedom in rotation of a beam P k relative to an adjacent beam to which the connecting element L x, y connects the beam P k .

[0200] One advantage is that it allows the angle at which two adjacent beams PK intersect to be changed. One advantage of allowing the crossing angles between beams P k to be varied is that it allows the interior volume of the structure SP to be varied to suit the use cases. In the example of the figure 4 , each connecting element L x, y allows three degrees of freedom in rotation D r1 , D r2 , D r3 between the two beams P k that it connects.

[0201] According to one embodiment, at least one connecting element L x, y allows at least one degree of freedom in translation of a beam P k relative to an adjacent beam to which the connecting element L x, y connects the beam P k .

[0202] For example, the connecting element L x, y allows a degree of freedom in translation of the beam P k relative to the adjacent beam P k1 (or P k2 ) along the longitudinal axis of the adjacent beam P k1 (or P k2 ) and / or a degree of freedom in translation of the beam P k relative to the adjacent beam P k1 (or P k2 ) along the longitudinal axis of the beam P k .

[0203] In the example of the figure 4 , each connecting element L x, y allows two degrees of freedom in translation D t1 , D t2 between the two beams P k that it connects.

[0204] Another advantage is that a large number of assembled configurations of the SP structure can be defined for the same set of PK beams.

[0205] According to one embodiment, in the mounted configuration, at least one beam PK crosses the first adjacent beam P k1 and the second adjacent beam Pk 2, respectively forming a first angle less than 90° with the first adjacent beam P k1 and a second angle less than 90° with the second adjacent beam P k2.

[0206] According to another embodiment, in the mounted configuration, at least one beam P k intersects the first adjacent beam P k1 and the second adjacent beam P k2 forming a first angle greater than 90° with the first adjacent beam P k1 and a second angle greater than 90° with the second adjacent beam P k2.

[0207] According to one embodiment, in the mounted configuration, at least one beam P k intersects the first adjacent beam P k1, forming with it a first angle greater than 90° and intersects the second adjacent beam P k2, forming with it a second angle less than 90°.

[0208] According to one embodiment, in the mounted configuration, at least one beam PK crosses the first adjacent beam P k1 forming with it a first angle less than 90° and crosses the second adjacent beam Pk 2 forming with it a second angle greater than 90°.

[0209] In another embodiment, at least one of the connecting elements L x, y is capable of being in a first configuration in which it allows one or more degrees of freedom in rotation and / or in translation, and capable of being in a second configuration in which it does not allow any degree of freedom.

[0210] An advantage is that it allows the beam crossing angles and / or the positions of the support points to be adjusted to bring the structure into the assembled position, for example, taking into account irregularities in the support, and then to maintain the structure in the assembled position.

[0211] Alternatively, the connecting elements L x, y do not allow any degree(s) of freedom between the beams P k . In other words, the beams P k are fixed relative to each other. In this case, the structure is able to be in a single mounted configuration. Guy wire

[0212] In one embodiment, the supporting structure SP comprises one or more H x stays. It is specified that the H x stays are subsidiary with regard to the self-supporting functions.

[0213] An advantage of the H x stays is that they contribute to supporting the external forces applied to the SP structure.

[0214] Another advantage of H x guy ropes is that they make it easier to install a covering around the SP structure, such as a marquee canvas. This covering can, for example, completely cover the SP structure. In another example, the covering only partially covers the SP structure.

[0215] The use of H x guy ropes is of particular interest for the construction of marquee structures. One advantage of H x guy ropes is that they facilitate the assembly / disassembly of the S p structure while avoiding the weight constraints associated with the use of a subsidiary beam (or rafter).

[0216] Another advantage of the H x stays is that they facilitate the adjustment of the symmetry when assembling the S p structure, for example by means of tie rods.

[0217] Each H x stay comprises, for example, a cable fixed to the structure at a fixing point and fixing means intended to fix the H x stay to the support in the mounted configuration.

[0218] The attachment point of a guy H x on the structure SP is for example located at the level of one of the first high support points A x,y or at the level of one of the second low support points B x,y.

[0219] In one embodiment, at least one stay H x extends in a direction perpendicular to the first plane PL 1 .

[0220] According to one embodiment, at least one stay H x extends in a direction oriented towards the outside of the structure SP. At least one stay H x extends, for example, in the direction of inclination of a gantry of the structure SP.

[0221] In one embodiment, in the mounted configuration, the structure SP comprises a plurality of guy wires H x connected to the structure and extending from the support towards each second low support point B x, y.

[0222] In one embodiment, in the mounted configuration, the structure S p comprises a plurality of guy wires H x connected to the structure and extending from the support towards each first high support point A x, y .

[0223] In one embodiment, in the mounted configuration, each stay H x is fixed at a second upper end E 2 of a beam P k of the structure S p .

[0224] One advantage is to increase the upper volume of the SP structure. This configuration is particularly advantageous in the case of the construction of a show structure. Indeed, the increase in the upper volume of the structure makes it possible to increase the space available for the performance of acrobatics at height. Another advantage is to have more space available for the installation of control equipment, such as lighting control equipment positioned at height.

[0225] According to one embodiment, at least one stay H x forms an angle of substantially 90° with the support at its attachment point or with at least one beam PK at a support point.

[0226] The stay H x is for example fixed at a support point between two beams P k crossing at an angle of approximately 90°.

[0227] An advantage is to form a substantially regular angle in three dimensions with the intersecting beams P k.

[0228] In one embodiment, at least 3 stays H x are of substantially equal length. These are, for example, at least three stays H x connected to the structure at the first high support points A x, y or at least three stays H x connected to the structure at the second low support points B x, y.

[0229] In one embodiment, the distances between two ground attachment points of two consecutive H x stays are substantially equal. Two “consecutive” stays are understood to mean stays connected to consecutive high support points or low support points of the structure SP.

[0230] In one embodiment, the projections of the ground attachment points and the SP structure attachment points of two consecutive guy wires form the vertices of a trapezoid.

[0231] In one embodiment, the stays H x connected to the structure at the first high support points A x, y are of substantially equal lengths.

[0232] In one embodiment, the stays H x connected to the structure at the second low support points B x, y are of substantially equal lengths.

[0233] In one embodiment, at least one stay connected to the structure SP at a first support point is of a length substantially equal to the length of a beam PK.

[0234] Optionally, at least one tie rod is connected by one end to a gantry. The end of the tie rod is for example connected to the gantry at the first upper support point A x, y . The other end of the tie rod advantageously serves for example as a support for a joist. The tie rods comprise for example rigid metal cables.

[0235] An advantage is that the joist can be extended beyond a line connecting two second low support points B x, y , in a case where the configuration makes it difficult to use rafters. Furniture

[0236] The invention also relates to a piece of furniture comprising a supporting structure S p according to the invention.

[0237] There figure 6 illustrates an embodiment in which the SP structure of the figure 1 is implemented for the production of a stool.

[0238] The structure of the invention can be applied to other types of furniture such as, for example, tables, armchairs, coat racks, chairs, or desks.

[0239] These examples are cited without limitation. The SP structure of the invention can be adapted to any type of furniture.

[0240] The number of PK beams used, their dimensions, the crossing angles between the P k beams as well as the material chosen depend solely on the use cases as well as the volume required for the furniture.

[0241] In one embodiment, the beams P k are configured and the connecting elements L x, y are arranged so that, in the assembled configuration, the angles formed by the crossing of the beams P k at the first high support points A x, y are less than the angles formed by the crossing of the beams P k at the second low support points B x, y .

[0242] This configuration is advantageous for the production of particular pieces of furniture. For example, in the case of the production of a table, this advantageously allows the perimeter of a top affixed to the second upper ends E 2 to exceed the perimeter formed by the first lower ends E 1 .

[0243] Another advantage is to provide sufficient legroom for a user sitting at the table formed by the structure S p . Performing Arts

[0244] The invention also relates to a big top, for example a circus tent, comprising a supporting structure according to the invention.

[0245] A particular advantage of this implementation comes from the ease of assembly and disassembly of the structure. Indeed, circus tents are often temporary structures. Thus, it is particularly advantageous to erect a stable, self-supporting structure, requiring few materials for assembly and which can be easily dismantled.

[0246] According to another aspect, the invention also relates to an acrobatic support structure comprising a structure S p according to the invention.

[0247] In one embodiment, the beams P k making up the structure S p are of different lengths. In this case, the second upper ends E 2 of the beams P k are for example positioned at different altitudes relative to the support SP . This configuration is particularly advantageous for the case of performance structures. Indeed, when the structure is covered by a covering, such as a marquee canvas, this advantageously makes it possible to place the top of the marquee on a slope.

[0248] In one embodiment, the beams P k of the structure S p are arranged relative to each other so that, in the assembled configuration, the second upper ends E 2 of each beam P k are placed at different altitudes.

[0249] The beams P k are for example arranged in relation to each other so that, in the assembled configuration, when the structure S p is covered with a cladding, the slope of the top of the structure is greater than or equal to 5%.

[0250] One advantage is that it allows water to drain and snow to slide off in bad weather. Structure for housing

[0251] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a habitat comprising a supporting structure according to the invention.

[0252] The SP structure of the invention allows the creation of housing structures that can only be made using a frame. The advantages are numerous.

[0253] One advantage is that the SP structure of the invention is environmentally friendly. Indeed, the SP structure of the invention allows the creation of a stable and self-supporting habitat without the use of concrete.

[0254] A second advantage is that the SP structure of the invention makes it possible to create a particularly stable and resistant housing structure at an advantageous cost.

[0255] There Figure 5 illustrates an example of the construction of a dwelling whose frame is a load-bearing structure according to the invention. The structure comprises a set ENS 1 of twelve PK beams. The SP structure of this example therefore comprises six additional P k beams compared to the minimum configuration of six P k beams. This configuration makes it possible to define a large interior volume. The SP structure is mounted on a horizontal floor and the first high support points A x, y between each P k beam and an adjacent beam are arranged in the same first plane (not shown). The porticos and sub-porticos of the structure are covered by inclined sections.

[0256] The S p structure includes, for example, a roof frame comprising a truss composed of rafters serving as support for purlins to support the inclined slopes. The purlins include, for example, ridge purlins (or ridge beams), wall purlins and intermediate purlins called belly purlins. The S p structure includes, for example, rafters to distribute the weight of the roof over the purlins.

[0257] For example, the rafters are installed at a specific angle so that they align with the same plane as the frames and sub-frames. This allows for maximum support positions for the purlins on the sub-frames, in addition to the support points already available on the rafters. One advantage is that the purlin section is reduced and therefore the amount of material required to build the structure is reduced.

[0258] Sloped sides are, for example, polycarbonate panels. The polycarbonate used in the panels is, for example, pre-treated to increase its longevity without reducing its robustness. Such treatment consists, for example, of an anti-UV treatment.

[0259] One advantage of polycarbonate panels is that they allow light and heat to pass through, while also being a good sound insulator.

[0260] According to one embodiment, the PK beams are covered with a waterproof coating. One advantage is that they prevent the wood from rotting due to humidity.

[0261] According to one embodiment, the first lower ends E 1 of the beams P k are positioned in a cavity in the ground. The cavity is for example filled with stones.

[0262] An advantage is that it allows water to flow into the cavity in the event of rain without damaging the lower portions of the PK beams. The lower portions of the beams inserted into the cavities can also be covered with a waterproof coating.

[0263] In a preferred embodiment, at least one second low support point B x, y is located at a minimum altitude of 2 meters relative to the support. This configuration is particularly advantageous for providing an entrance for an adult in the case of the construction of a habitable structure.

[0264] In one embodiment, all the second low support points B x, y are located at least two meters above the support on which each first low end E 1 is affixed.

[0265] In this configuration, this advantageously allows a habitable floor or first floor to be positioned at a minimum height acceptable for the passage of an adult user.

[0266] In one embodiment, each first high support point A x, y is positioned at an altitude of at least two meters relative to the second low support points B x, y.

[0267] An advantage is to provide a habitable and accessible floor for an adult in the S p structure.

[0268] In one embodiment, the second upper ends E 2 are located at an altitude of at least two meters relative to the first upper support points A x, y. This configuration is particularly advantageous when the second upper ends E 2 of each crossing beam PK are connected to each other by a joist element. In this configuration, it is possible to affix a roof to the structure SP . The minimum altitude between the first upper support points A x, y and the second upper ends E 2 advantageously makes it possible to provide sufficient space between a floor of the structure S p and a roof.

[0269] According to another exemplary embodiment, the structure SP constitutes the structure of a cabin. The structure S p comprises for example the set ENS 1 of six beams P k . The first lower ends E 1 and second upper ends E 2 delimit horizontal planes between which one or more floors of the structure can be included. The floor(s) can be implemented by ceilings or floors made by means of one or more joist element(s).

[0270] According to one embodiment, a first floor can be defined in a plane coincident with the plane passing through the intersections of the beams P k at the level of the first high support points A x, y . In this case, the high support points serve as supports for a joist.

[0271] According to one embodiment, another floor can be defined in a plane coincident with the plane passing through the crossings of the beams P k at the level of the second low support points B x, y . In this case, the low support points also serve as supports for a joist.

[0272] According to one example, the second upper ends E 2 are suitable for serving as support, for example for installing a roof terrace or a cabin roof.

[0273] In one embodiment, the intersections of the beams P k at the first high support points A x, y , and at the second low support points B x, y form surfaces of substantially triangular shapes. The surfaces between two consecutive first high support points A x, y and a low support point B x, y arranged laterally between said two first high support points A x, y form for example a substantially inverse triangular shape. The surfaces between two consecutive second low support points B x, y and at least one high support point A x, y considered at an adjacent beam of the beams having second low support points considered form for example a substantially triangular shape. The triangular surfaces are for example inclined outwards due to the inclined offset of the portal frames of the structure SP . These triangular surfaces can be filled, for example to form the walls of the cabin.

[0274] In another example, a larger cabin is made by adding additional pairs of beams P k.

[0275] One advantage is to constitute an enclosed dwelling located at a distance from the ground. This is particularly the case when the entrance to the cabin is located at the level of the second low support points B x, y. The portions of beams PK between the first low ends E 1 and the second low support points B x , y then form the "piles" making it possible to form a cabin at a predefined altitude from the ground.

[0276] The first high support points A x, y are for example linked together by means of joist elements. An advantage is that they allow the installation of a ceiling.

[0277] The second low support points B x, y are for example linked together by means of joist elements. One advantage is that they allow the installation of a floor.

[0278] Another advantage is that it can form a honeycomb structure.

[0279] Another advantage is that it forms a cabin that can be easily assembled and disassembled.

[0280] According to one example, the portions of the beams P k between the first high support points A x, y and the second high ends E 2 are located outside the habitable closed volume of the structure SP .

[0281] To summarize, the invention relates to a self-supporting and load-bearing structure, stable, particularly resistant, requiring little material and offering a large interior volume, respectful of the environment and using readily available materials, which can be mounted on various supports and can be used in a wide variety of fields.

[0282] Examples include habitats (e.g. houses, cabins, etc.), living quarters (e.g. a garage or a pergola), equipment such as sports equipment, cat trees, toys (assembly structures), climbing games, furniture, frames, platforms (e.g. observation platform for hunting or treetop adventure platform), marquees, and any other field in which an application case includes the implementation of a self-supporting and load-bearing structure offering an optimized interior volume, respectful of the environment and requiring little material to be assembled.

Claims

1. A self-supporting load-bearing structure (SP) including an assembly (ENS1) of N beams (Pk), N being even and greater than or equal to six, the self-supporting load-bearing structure (SP) comprising connecting elements (Lx,y) connecting the beams (Pk) together and keeping each beam (Pk) bearing against a first adjacent beam (Pk1) at a first, top bearing point (Ax, y) of the beam (Pk), and keeping each beam (Pk) bearing against a second adjacent beam (Pk2) at a second, bottom bearing point (Bx, y) of the beam (Pk), the first top bearing point (Ax, y) and the second bottom bearing point (Bx, y) being distant from a first, bottom end (E1 ) of the beam (Pk) and from a second, top end (E2 ) of the beam (Pk), said beams (Pk) being configured and the connecting elements (Lx, y) connecting the beams (Pk) to each other so that the self-supporting load-bearing structure (Sp) is in a mounted configuration in which: ▪ The self-supporting load-bearing structure (Sp) is stable on its own and rests on a support by the first bottom ends (E1) of said beams (Pk) of the assembly (ENS1); ▪ Each beam (Pk) crosses the first adjacent beam (Pk1) at the first top bearing point (Ax, y) and crosses the second adjacent beam (Pk2) at the second bottom bearing point (Bx, y); ▪ Projections of the first top bearing points (Ax, y) and the second bottom bearing points, (Bx, y) on a foreground (PL1) form vertices of a convex polygon (PGN) of which each side connects a projection (Yx, y) of one of the first top bearing points (Ax, y) on the first plane (PL1) to a projection (Zx, y) of one of the second bottom bearing points (Bx, y) on said first plane (PL1 ). ▪ Each beam (Pk) is: ▪ Either closer to a vertical axis (Oy) passing through a center of the convex polygon (PGN) than the first adjacent beam (Pk1), at the first top bearing point (Ax, y) and further away from the vertical axis (Oy) than the second adjacent beam (Pk2), at the second bottom bearing point (Bx,y); ▪ Either further away from the vertical axis (Oy) than the first adjacent beam (Pk1), at the first top bearing point (Ax, y) and closer to the vertical axis (Ox) than the second adjacent beam (Pk2) at the second bottom bearing point (Bx,y).

2. The self-supporting load-bearing structure according to claim 1, wherein the projections (Yx, y) of the top bearing point (Ax, y) and the projections (Zx, y) of the bottom bearing point (Bx, y) of each beam (Pk) with its two respective adjacent beams in the first plane (PL1) form the ends of one side of the convex polygon (PGN).

3. The self-supporting load-bearing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein, for each beam (Pk) of the structure, the second top ends (E2) are further away from the vertical axis (Oy) than the first bottom ends (E1).

4. The self-supporting load-bearing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein, for each beam (Pk) of the structure, the first bottom ends (E1) are further away from the vertical axis (Oy) than the second top ends (E2).

5. The self-supporting load-bearing structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each beam (Pk) forms a gantry (POrt) with the first adjacent beam (Pk1) to said beam (Pk), and forms a sub-gantry (SPOrt) with the second adjacent beam (Pk2) to said beam (Pk), and wherein the first adjacent beam (Pk1) belongs to a sub-gantry (SPOrtk1, SPOrtk2) adjacent to the gantry (POrt) to which said beam (Pk) belongs.

6. The self-supporting load-bearing structure (Sp) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each beam (Pk) forms a gantry (POrt) with the first adjacent beam (Pk1) to said beam (Pk) and forms a sub-gantry (SPOrt) with the second adjacent beam (Pk2) to said beam (Pk), and wherein: ▪ each sub-gantry (SPOrt) has a first angle of inclination (α1) with respect to the ground and oriented towards a center of the structure (Sp) less than 90°; ▪ each gantry (POrt) has a second angle of inclination (α2) with respect to the ground and oriented outwardly of the structure (Sp) of less than 90°.

7. The self-supporting load-bearing structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein projections (Wy) of each of the first bottom ends (E1) and of each of the second top ends (E2) of each beam (Pk) on the first plane (PL1) are outwardly of said convex polygon (PGN).

8. The self-supporting load-bearing structure (SP) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each beam (Pk) has a maximum of two bearing points with other beams of the structure.

9. The self-supporting load-bearing structure (SP) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting elements (Lx, y) connect the beams (Pk) together so that each beam (Pk) of the assembly (ENS1) exerts: ▪ Either a first reaction force (Fr1) having a radial component relative to an axis parallel to the gravitational force and passing through a center of the polygon (PGN) on the first beam (Pk1) at the first top bearing point (Ax, y) and along a first direction, and a second reaction force (Fr2) having a radial component along a second direction opposite to the first direction on the second beam (Pk2) immediately adjacent to said beam (Pk) and at the second bottom bearing point (Bx, y); ▪ Or a third reaction force (Fr3) having a radial component relative to an axis parallel to the gravitational force and passing through a center of the polygon on the second beam (Pk2) immediately adjacent to said beam (Pk) at the second bottom bearing point (Bx, y) and along the first direction, and a fourth reaction force (Fr4) having a radial component along the second direction opposite to the first direction on the first beam (Pk1) at the first top bearing point (Ax, y).

10. The self-supporting load-bearing structure (SP) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the beams (Pk) are configured and the connecting elements (Lx, y) connect the beams (Pk) to each other so that the structure is in a mounted configuration in which: ▪ the convex polygon (PGN) is regular, ▪ projections of the first bottom ends (E1) of the beams (Pk) on the foreground (PL1) are located on a same circle with a center located at the center of the polygon (PGN).

11. The self-supporting load-bearing structure (SP) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the beams (Pk) have substantially a same length, said self-supporting load-bearing structure being characterized in that a first distance separating the first top bearing point (Ax, y) from the first bottom end (E1) of the beam (Pk) is substantially equal to a second distance separating the second bottom bearing point (Bx, y) from the second top end (E2) of the beam (Pk) and is substantially equal to one third of the length of the beam (Pk).

12. The self-supporting load-bearing structure (SP) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second bottom bearing points (Bx, y) comprise points belonging to a same second plane (PL2) substantially parallel to the first plane (PL1), and wherein the first plane (PL1) is substantially perpendicular to the gravitational force.

13. The self-supporting load-bearing structure (SP) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the connecting elements (Lx, y) is in a first configuration in which it allows three rotational degrees of freedom (Dr1, Dr2, Dr3) between a beam (Pk) of the assembly (ENS1) and either: ▪ the first beam (Pk1) adjacent to said beam (Pk) or, ▪ the second beam (Pk2) adjacent to said beam (Pk).

14. A kit for mounting a self-supporting load-bearing structure (Sp) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: ▪ the assembly (ENS1) of at least six beams (Pk), the lengths of the beams (Pk) being between 0.5 meter and 6 meters, the first bottom ends (E1) of the beams (Pk) being machined so that, in the mounted configuration, the beams (Pk) have a single bearing point on the support at their first bottom ends (E1); ▪ the connecting elements (Lx, y), said connecting elements (Lx, y) being able to connect the beams (Pk) together so that the self-supporting load-bearing structure (Sp) is able to be in the mounted configuration, ▪ end caps, each of said end caps being able to cover a portion of a beam (Pk) from a first end (E1) of the beam (Pk).

15. An accommodation, a compartment, a toy, a gym apparatus, a piece of furniture, a chassis, a platform, a game structure, or a festival tent comprising a self-supporting load-bearing structure (SP) according to any one of claims 1 to 14.