Method for producing coils, production apparatus for producing coils, wire netting apparatus and uses of the wire netting apparatus

Abstract

The invention is based on a method for producing coils (10a-g, 102a-g) for a wire netting (12a-g), which are intended to be connected to one another, in particular to be twisted in one another, to form the wire netting (12a-g), wherein the coils (10a-g, 102a-g) are produced from at least one longitudinal element (14a-g), in particular a single wire, a wire bundle, a wire strand and / or a wire cable, comprising at least one wire (30a-g) formed at least partially from a high-strength steel, and wherein the coils (10a-g, 102a-g) are bent in such a way that they comprise at least a plurality of first legs (16a-g), at least a plurality of second legs (18a-g) and also at least a plurality of bending points (20a-g) connecting a first leg (16a-g) and an adjacent second leg (18a-g) to one another. It is proposed that the coils (10a-g, 102a-g) are bent by a braid cutter assembly (24a-g), having at least one braid cutter (22a-g), in such a way that at least the midpoints (26 a-g) of the first legs (16a-g) and / or at least the midpoints (28a-g) of the second legs (18a-g) of a finished bent coil (10a-g, 102a-g) lie in each case at least substantially in one plane.

Description

State of the art

[0001] The invention relates to a method for producing coils according to the preamble of claim 1, a manufacturing device for producing coils according to the preamble of claim 4 (see, for example, DE 10 2017 101751 B3), a wire mesh device according to the preamble of claim 17 (see, for example, WO9943894 A1), and uses of the wire mesh device according to claim 21.

[0002] A method for manufacturing helixes for a wire mesh net, which are intended to be connected to each other to form the wire mesh net, has already been proposed, wherein the helixes are made from at least one longitudinal element with at least one wire formed at least partially from a high-strength steel, and wherein the helixes are bent in such a way that they comprise at least a plurality of first legs, at least a plurality of second legs, and at least a plurality of bending points connecting a first leg and an adjacent second leg.

[0003] The object of the invention is, in particular, to provide a particularly suitable manufacturing process and a particularly suitable manufacturing apparatus for coils of wire mesh netting with particularly advantageous net properties, as described in particular below. This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claims 1, 4 and 17, while advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims. Advantages of the invention

[0004] The invention is based on a method according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0005] It is proposed that the helixes be bent by a weaving knife arrangement comprising at least one weaving knife such that at least the centers of the first legs and / or at least the centers of the second legs of a finished helix lie at least substantially in one plane. Preferably, the first legs and / or the second legs of the helix bent by the method lie at least largely or completely in the plane. This advantageously provides a particularly suitable method for producing helixes of wire mesh netting with particularly advantageous net properties. Planar helixes made of high-strength steel can thus be advantageously produced using the weaving knife arrangements.In particular, it is advantageous to produce, at least partially, flat helixes for wire mesh made of high-strength steel using a weaving knife arrangement. Advantageously, an already known manufacturing device can be adapted for use with high-strength steel through simple modifications. In particular, this results in a particularly simple and / or particularly effective manufacturing process. Specifically, the centers of the legs of helixes made of high-strength steel, which are bent with conventional weaving knives, do not lie in a plane, but are rotated out of the plane by an angle due to the springback effects of the high-strength steel. See also [reference to be added]. Fig. 12b, in which such an undirected helix is ​​depicted. Advantageously, the influence of this springback effect is taken into account in the present braiding knife arrangement, so that flat helices made of high-strength steel can be advantageously produced.

[0006] The term "helix" shall be understood to mean, in particular, a wire helix. The helix shall have, in particular, the form of a, preferably flat, helical line. The helix shall have, in particular, the form of a flat helix. The helix shall, in particular, form an at least partially flattened helix, which, when viewed along a longitudinal direction of the helix, has a substantially elliptical shape and / or the shape of a stadium track (corresponding to two semicircles connected by straight lines). The term "wire mesh" shall, in particular, be understood to mean a mesh which is formed from curved longitudinal elements, wherein, in particular, adjacent longitudinal elements are connected to one another by mutual interlocking. In particular, interconnected helixes contact each other at their bending points when the mesh is spread out, wherein, in particular, adjacent bending points alternately contact adjacent helixes.In particular, every second bend contacted the same adjacent helix. The interconnected longitudinal elements preferably form at least partially angular, more preferably square, or at least partially round meshes. Preferably, the wire mesh extends in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the mesh, which is significantly larger, preferably at least three times larger, more preferably at least five times larger, than the mean diameter of a longitudinal element of the wire mesh. In particular, a wire mesh has at least one preferred direction of elongation. For example, a square wire mesh advantageously has two, in particular equally important, preferred directions of elongation along connecting lines of opposite corners of the square wire mesh.

[0007] In particular, a longitudinal element has a longitudinal extent that is at least 10 times, preferably at least 50 times, and preferably at least 100 times greater than a maximum transverse extent perpendicular to the longitudinal extent. In particular, at least one of the helical longitudinal elements, and preferably all of the helical longitudinal elements, is made from at least one single wire, a wire bundle, a strand of wire, a wire rope, and / or another longitudinal element comprising at least one wire. In this context, "wire" shall be understood to mean, in particular, an elongated and / or thin and / or at least machine-bendable and / or flexible body. Advantageously, the wire has a cross-section that is at least substantially constant along its longitudinal direction, and in particular a circular or elliptical cross-section. It is especially advantageous for the wire to be designed as a round wire.However, it is also conceivable that the wire is formed, at least partially or entirely, as a flat wire, a square wire, a polygonal wire, and / or a profile wire. "High-strength steel" shall be understood to mean steel with a tensile strength of at least 1370 N / mm². "At least partial construction from high-strength steel" shall be understood to mean, in particular, that the wire is made of high-strength steel apart from coatings or sheathing. In particular, high-strength steel exhibits increased springback, i.e., a lower springback factor compared to non-high-strength steel. Specifically, the value of the springback factor of the longitudinal element is less than 0.95, preferably less than 0.92, more preferably less than 0.90, and most preferably less than 0.85.

[0008] Particularly in a first consideration, perpendicular to a principal plane of extension of the helix, the first leg of the helix and / or the second leg of the helix extends at least at a first angle of inclination with respect to a longitudinal direction of the helix, wherein the first angle of inclination preferably has a value of approximately 45°. Particularly in the first consideration, the bending point has an opening angle of approximately 90° perpendicular to the principal plane of extension of the helix. Particularly in a second consideration, the bending point has a stepped or S-shaped profile in at least a partial section of the helix, parallel to the principal plane of extension of the helix and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the helix. Particularly in a third consideration, the bending point has a bending angle of approximately 180° or less, parallel to the principal plane of extension of the helix and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the helix.Adjacent legs of the helix, connected by a bend, preferably run on planes that do not overlap each other and / or within volumes that do not overlap each other. A "principal extension plane" of a structural unit is understood to be, in particular, a plane that is parallel to a largest side face of the smallest imaginary cuboid that just completely encloses the structural unit, and especially one that passes through the center of the cuboid.

[0009] The term "midpoint of a leg" is understood to mean, in particular, a point on a leg that lies exactly at the midpoint of two bends defining the leg. It is conceivable that all first legs of the finished helix run at least in a first plane, or that all first legs touch the first plane with leg sections that are at least substantially identical. It is also conceivable that all second legs of the finished helix run at least in a second plane, or that all second legs touch the second plane with leg sections that are at least substantially identical. In particular, the first and second planes are parallel to each other. Especially when viewing the helix along its longitudinal direction, the first legs of the helix overlap at least substantially, preferably completely.Particularly when viewing the helix along its longitudinal direction, the second legs of the helix overlap at least substantially, preferably completely. The phrase "at least substantially overlapping" means, in particular, that at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, and preferably at least 95% of one leg is covered by another leg in the chosen viewing direction. The phrase "two midpoints of legs lying substantially in one plane" means, in particular, that the points have a maximum distance from a common plane that is less than two mean diameters of the longitudinal element, preferably less than one mean diameter of the longitudinal element, and preferably at most 50% of one mean diameter of the longitudinal element.The braiding knife is designed, in particular, as a flat, preferably elongated element, preferably a metal element, excluding any twists, whose longitudinal extent is preferably at least twice, preferably at least five times, the maximum transverse extent. The braiding knife assembly comprises, in addition to the braiding knife, at least one braiding screw, at least one holding unit for a holder of at least the braiding knife and / or at least the braiding screw, and at least one drive unit for a rotary drive of at least the braiding knife. Preferably, the braiding knife assembly has the usual components of a wire bending machine with a braiding knife and a braiding screw, as well as a usual arrangement of the components of the wire bending machine relative to each other (e.g., arrangement of the braiding knife within the braiding screw).The term "large part" shall in particular be understood to mean at least 51%, preferably at least 66%, advantageously at least 80%, preferably at least 90% and most preferably at least 95%.

[0010] Since the wire has a tensile strength of at least 1370 N / mm², preferably at least 1770 N / mm² and preferably at least 2200 N / mm², a wire mesh with particularly advantageous properties, especially particularly high stability, can be advantageously achieved.

[0011] Furthermore, if the helixes are bent in such a way that a wire mesh is formed by connecting several helixes, in particular by twisting several helixes together, which, viewed from the front and perpendicular to a principal plane of extension of the helixes, forms an at least substantially square mesh shape, a wire mesh with particularly advantageous mesh properties, especially particularly advantageous elongation properties, can be advantageously achieved. In particular, a square mesh of the present type, i.e., in particular a three-dimensional square mesh, has two equally important, mutually perpendicular preferred elongation directions. This allows, for example, the installation of the square mesh in a situation where an elongation direction is not easily predictable, e.g.When the square mesh is installed on the ceiling wall of an underground mine, improved energy absorption is achieved by retaining material impacting the mesh. Furthermore, installation speed can be advantageously increased, as alignment of the square mesh is no longer necessary.

[0012] Furthermore, it is proposed that in at least one process step, the helixes are bent by the weaving knife arrangement in such a way that springback, in particular elastic deformation, of the wire of the helixes, which is at least partially made of high-strength steel, is at least substantially compensated in at least one direction transverse to a longitudinal direction of the helixes. This advantageously provides a particularly suitable method for the production of helixes for wire mesh netting with particularly advantageous net properties. Advantageously, this allows for the bending of flat helixes made of high-strength steel. Advantageously, the flat helixes made of high-strength steel can be produced using the weaving knife arrangements. When the springback is substantially compensated, the wire is preferably bent in such a way that, after springback, the wire assumes a predetermined bending position.The term "essentially compensated" shall be understood to mean, in particular, at least 80% compensated, preferably at least 90% compensated, and preferably at least 95% compensated.

[0013] Furthermore, it is proposed that the helixes, and in particular the bending points of the helixes, be bent, especially twisted, by the weaving knife arrangement at least in one direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the helixes, particularly in at least one process step. This advantageously provides a particularly suitable method for the production of helixes for wire mesh netting with particularly advantageous net properties. It is advantageous that this method allows for the bending of flat helixes made of high-strength steel. In particular, it advantageously compensates for springback of the high-strength steel.The term "over-twisting" of a helix is ​​understood in particular to mean a counter-rotation of adjacent legs of bending points of the helix in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the helix, which, when the helix is ​​"released", leads to a springback of the helix in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction, wherein preferably the legs of the helix overlap at least substantially after the springback when viewed along the longitudinal direction.

[0014] It is further proposed that the helixes, and in particular the bending points of the helixes, be bent, especially overbent, by the weaving knife arrangement at least in one direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the helixes, particularly in at least one process step. This advantageously provides a particularly suitable method for the production of helixes for wire mesh netting with particularly advantageous net properties. Advantageously, this method allows the production of helixes made of high-strength steel with a precisely adjustable opening angle at the bending point, wherein the opening angle is the angle of the bending point viewed perpendicular to the principal plane of extension of a helix. Advantageously, this method allows the production of helixes made of high-strength steel with an opening angle of approximately 90°. In particular, springback of the high-strength steel can be advantageously compensated.The longitudinal direction of a helix corresponds in particular to a principal extension direction of the helix. A "principal extension direction" of an object is understood to be, in particular, a direction that runs parallel to the longest edge of the smallest geometric cuboid that just completely encloses the object. "Over-shock" of a helix is ​​understood to mean, in particular, a compression of the bending points of the helix in the longitudinal direction of the helix, which, when the helix is ​​"released," leads to a springback of the helix in the longitudinal direction, wherein the helix preferably assumes the desired opening angle after the springback.

[0015] Furthermore, it is proposed that the helixes, particularly at each bend point in the longitudinal direction of the helixes and / or transversely to the longitudinal direction of the helixes, be bent over by an angle of at least 40° and preferably at least 50°. This advantageously provides a particularly suitable method for the production of helixes for wire mesh netting with especially advantageous net properties. Advantageously, this method allows the production of helixes made of different high-strength steels and / or with different wire diameters, which are flat and / or have a precisely adjustable opening angle at the bend point. In particular, the angle of overbending by which a bend point of a helix must be bent to achieve a desired final angle depends on the tensile strength of the steel used and on the wire diameter of the wire used.In particular, the required bending angle increases with increasing tensile strength and / or with increasing wire diameter.

[0016] If, particularly in at least one process step, the springback is at least partially compensated by the braiding knife and / or the coils can be overbent by the braiding knife, a particularly rapid, preferably uninterrupted, manufacturing process for flat coils made of high-strength steel can be advantageously achieved using a braiding knife arrangement. In particular, when compensating the springback, the longitudinal element is wound around the braiding knife in such a way that the longitudinal element is overbent during the winding process and / or when the length of the braiding knife is draped over the coil. This can be achieved, for example, by having a coiled design on the braiding knife and / or by having a dumbbell-shaped cross-section that allows the longitudinal element to be overbent, or by allowing the longitudinal element wound onto the braiding knife to be pressed into its concave recess.

[0017] Furthermore, if the springback is at least partially compensated by a braiding spiral of the braiding knife arrangement and / or the helixes are overbent by the braiding spiral of the braiding knife arrangement, a particularly rapid, preferably uninterrupted, manufacturing process for helixes made of high-strength steel with a precisely adjustable opening angle (in a view perpendicular to the main extension plane of a helix), for example an opening angle of about 90°, can be advantageously achieved by means of a braiding knife arrangement.In particular, when compensating for springback, the longitudinal element is guided in a spiral of the braiding spiral in such a way that, even during its guidance in the braiding spiral and / or as it traverses the length of the spiral's spiral, the longitudinal element is overbent in the longitudinal direction. This can be achieved, for example, by the spiral of the braiding spiral having a shallower pitch than the desired helix and / or by the spiral having a pitch that decreases towards the exit of the braiding knife assembly. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the pitch of the spiral's spiral can be manipulated to cause overbending, in particular that the spiral can be compressed or expanded during a bending process.

[0018] If, during the bending process, the respective helix resting on the braiding knife is pressed against the braiding knife at least in a transition area between a bend point and a first leg adjoining the bend point, and at least in a further transition area between the bend point and a second leg adjoining the bend point, at least partial straightening, in particular flattening, of the helix can advantageously be achieved. This advantageously enables particularly simple and / or precise straightening of helixes made of high-strength steel. Advantageously, flat helixes made of high-strength steel can thus be produced using the braiding knife arrangements. Alternatively or additionally, the entire legs can be pressed against the braiding knife. In this case, the entire legs are pressed against an outer geometry of the braiding knife that corresponds to a cross-section of the braiding knife.If the braiding knife has a concave recess, for example, over-pressing can be achieved in this way, particularly by pressing the legs at least partially into the concave recess. Depending on the outer geometry of the braiding knife, pressing the legs against the braiding knife can also create other leg geometries for the helix, such as wavy or convex legs. Pressing the helix in the transition areas is preferably done using pressure elements that compress the transition areas of the helix with a type of pincer grip. In particular, the rotational movement of the braiding knife continues uninterrupted during the pressing process. Alternatively, the rotational movement of the braiding knife is briefly stopped during the pressing process.

[0019] Furthermore, a manufacturing device for producing helixes for wire mesh netting, comprising the weaving knife arrangement with at least the weaving knife, is proposed. This advantageously enables the production of a particularly simple and / or suitable manufacturing device for producing helixes of wire mesh netting with particularly advantageous net properties. Advantageously, flat helixes made of high-strength steel can be produced using the weaving knife arrangement. The weaving knife is designed, in particular, as an elongated flat material, for example, an elongated flat steel bar. A raw longitudinal element is wound helically around the weaving knife to form the helix, with the still-unbent portion of the raw longitudinal element being constantly advanced.In this view, the longitudinal element, apart from springback, essentially assumes a path along its length that follows the outer shape of the braiding knife. It is conceivable that the braiding knife arrangement is designed to bend two longitudinal elements simultaneously into separate helixes. This would advantageously allow for a further increase in production speed.

[0020] Furthermore, it is proposed that the manufacturing device includes a straightening unit designed to straighten, and in particular align, a helix such that at least the centers of the first leg and / or at least the centers of the second leg of a finished, especially convex, helix lie at least substantially in one plane. Preferably, the first legs and / or the second legs of the helix bent by the manufacturing device lie at least largely or completely in the plane. This advantageously results in a particularly suitable manufacturing device for producing helixes of wire mesh netting with particularly advantageous net properties. It is advantageous that, in this way, flat helixes made of high-strength steel can be produced using the weaving knife arrangements.In particular, the alignment unit is designed to align helixes whose adjacent legs would be rotated relative to each other by an angle, particularly a clearly discernible angle greater than 3°, when viewed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the helix, without alignment by means of the alignment unit. In particular, the alignment unit is designed to prevent the principal directions of extension of adjacent legs of a helix from being angled relative to each other. In particular, the alignment unit is designed to align adjacent legs of a helix such that the principal directions of extension of the legs of the helix lie in a common plane.

[0021] If the straightening unit is designed to overbend coils, particularly at their bending points, flat coils made of high-strength steel can advantageously be produced using braiding knives. To overbend a bending point, the straightening unit is designed to bend at least a portion of the legs connected to the bending point towards each other in the longitudinal direction of the coil and / or perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the coil, whereby, in particular, the actual bending angle is significantly larger than the angle of bending that the finished coil ultimately exhibits.

[0022] Furthermore, it is proposed that the straightening unit be formed at least partially integrally with the braiding knife. This allows for a particularly advantageous design of the straightening unit. In particular, such a straightening unit exhibits a preferably low level of complexity. Specifically, to form the straightening unit, the braiding knife is shaped such that the coils are at least partially straightened, and in particular flattened, during a winding process as they pass over the braiding knife.

[0023] Furthermore, it is proposed that the straightening unit be formed at least partially as a single piece with a braiding spiral of the braiding knife assembly. This allows for a particularly advantageous design of the straightening unit. In particular, such a straightening unit exhibits a preferably low complexity. Specifically, the braiding spiral has at least one spiral thread which is designed to form a guide track for guiding the longitudinal element along the braiding knife during the bending process to bend a helix. Additionally, it is conceivable that the braiding spiral has a further spiral thread which forms another guide track, thereby advantageously enabling the simultaneous bending of two helixes in the braiding knife assembly.In particular, for the formation of the straightening unit, the braiding spiral, especially the spiral channel of the braiding spiral, is shaped in such a way that helixes, especially bending points of helixes, are straightened, especially stretched or compressed, at least partially, especially along the longitudinal direction of the helixes, during a winding process when passing through the spiral channel of the braiding spiral.

[0024] It is further proposed that the straightening unit be arranged at least partially downstream of the braiding knife and / or a braiding spiral of the braiding knife assembly. This advantageously enables particularly precise straightening of helixes. In particular, the straightening unit can simultaneously be partially formed integrally with the braiding knife, partially formed integrally with the braiding spiral, and / or partially arranged downstream of the braiding knife assembly. "Integrated" is understood to mean, in particular, at least a materially bonded connection, for example, by a welding process, an adhesive bonding process, an injection molding process, and / or another process that would appear appropriate to a person skilled in the art, and / or advantageously formed in one piece, such as by manufacturing from a single casting and / or by manufacturing using a single- or multi-component injection molding process, and advantageously from a single blank.The phrase "two units are formed as a single piece" means in particular that the units have at least one, in particular at least two, advantageously at least three common elements that are a component, in particular a functionally important component, of both units.

[0025] Furthermore, it is proposed that the braiding knife be made of a flat material, in particular a flat iron, a flat steel, or the like, and that the braiding knife be wound helically at least partially along its longitudinal axis, particularly around a center point extending along the longitudinal axis. This allows for a particularly advantageous design of the straightening unit. In particular, such a straightening unit exhibits a preferably low level of complexity. Moreover, this advantageously enables the production of a flat helix from high-strength steel using a braiding knife arrangement. The longitudinal axis of the braiding knife preferably runs parallel to a principal extension direction of the braiding knife. "Partially" is understood to mean, in particular, at least one section of the braiding knife or more than one section of the braiding knife along its longitudinal axis.The section comprises, in particular, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, advantageously at least 30%, preferably at least 50%, and most preferably at most 80% of the total extent of the weaving knife in the direction of its longitudinal axis. The phrase "helically twisted" of the weaving knife means, in particular, that at least the opposite narrow outer edges and / or the opposite narrow outer surfaces of the flat weaving knife describe helical paths in the twisted area, which are offset from each other by approximately half a pitch and which wind around a common, at least substantially linear, center.

[0026] If a helically twisted section of the braiding knife is turned at an angle α is twisted, whereby the angle αIf the angle is greater than 45°, preferably greater than 90°, and preferably greater than 180°, an overbending, in particular an overtwisting, of a bending point of a helix can advantageously be achieved, whereby the helix, which consists of high-strength steel, can be advantageously straightened, in particular flattened. The angle α is particularly designed as an angle which a narrow outer edge and / or a narrow outer side of the braiding knife sweeps over an entire twisted area of ​​the braiding knife.

[0027] If the angle α an equation α ≥ (1 - r)*180°If the springback factor of the helixes, which are at least partially made of high-strength steel, is purely material-dependent, it is advantageous to enable particularly precise straightening, especially flattening, of the helixes. In particular, this allows a braiding knife shape to be advantageously adapted to a specific longitudinal element with a specific (material- and diameter-dependent) springback factor.

[0028] Furthermore, it is proposed that the braiding knife be twisted multiple times. This can advantageously enable particularly effective straightening, especially leveling, and / or particularly strong overbending. Multiple twists correspond in particular to an angle. α of more than 360°, preferably of at least 720°.

[0029] Furthermore, it is proposed that the braiding knife be twisted by at least 10°, preferably at least 20°, advantageously at least 30°, particularly advantageously at least 40°, preferably at least 50°, and most preferably at most 90° in a region over which a spiral of the helix extends when bent by means of the braiding knife arrangement. This advantageously enables particularly effective overbending and / or particularly precise straightening, especially flattening, of the helix. A spiral of the helix corresponds in particular to a region of the helix in which the helix is ​​twisted by 360°. In particular, a spiral of the helix comprises two entire bending points, an entire first leg and an entire second leg.

[0030] If the slope of the helical twist of the braiding knife increases or decreases along its longitudinal axis, a gradual overbending can be advantageously achieved. This helps to keep potentially occurring stresses to a minimum.

[0031] It is further proposed that the braiding knife have a cross-section whose shape, particularly at a narrow outer edge and / or on a narrow outer surface of the braiding knife, comprises at least a semicircle. Preferably, the shape of the braiding knife's cross-section comprises at least one further semicircle at another narrow outer edge and / or on another narrow outer surface of the braiding knife. This allows for the creation of a particularly advantageous manufacturing device. Advantageously, damage to the longitudinal elements can be avoided by rounding the outer edges. Longitudinal elements made of high-strength steel, in particular, exhibit increased brittleness, which is why bending them around a sharp edge can lead to breakage. The proposed design advantageously reduces the risk of breakage. Alternatively, the braiding knife's cross-section can also have four rounded edges, e.g.,exhibit four quarter circles.

[0032] If the braiding knife has a cross-section whose shape includes at least a partial circle larger than a semicircle, the braiding knife advantageously has a recess that allows the helix to be pressed over the knife by pressing it against the recess. This advantageously enables the helix to be straightened directly on the braiding knife.

[0033] Furthermore, it is proposed that the braiding knife have a cross-section whose shape exhibits a convex or concave curvature on at least one, particularly long, side face. This advantageously allows for at least partial straightening of a helix and / or adjustment of the helix's geometry. In particular, a concave curvature enables the helix to be forced over the braiding knife by pressing it against the knife, for example, by means of a pressing element. A convex curvature allows for the production of a helix with outwardly curved legs. The braiding knife can also have a convex curvature on both, particularly long, side faces, or a concave curvature on both, particularly long, side faces.However, it is also conceivable that one, particularly long, side surface has a convex curvature and another, particularly long, side surface has a concave curvature. The side surface, particularly long, is specifically designed as the surface of the braiding knife along which the legs of the helix extend during a bending process.

[0034] Furthermore, it is proposed that the cross-sectional shape of the braiding knife exhibit a convex or concave curvature on at least one of the second faces opposite the first. This advantageously allows for at least partial straightening of a helix and / or adjustment of the helix geometry.

[0035] If the degree of curvature of the convex surface of the weaving knife or the degree of indentation of the concave surface of the weaving knife is adjustable, it is advantageous to set the geometry of a finished bent helix and / or adapt the shape of the weaving knife to a specific type of longitudinal element, for example, depending on the springback factor, tensile strength, or diameter of the longitudinal element. For adjusting the curvature, the weaving knife can, for example, have movable surface elements. Alternatively or additionally, the weaving knife could have a fastening device that allows for the assembly and / or disassembly of interchangeable surface elements.

[0036] Since the braiding knife and / or a braiding spiral of the braiding knife arrangement is made at least to a large extent from a material with a Vickers hardness of more than 600 HV 10, it is advantageous to be able to process longitudinal elements made of materials with particularly high hardness and / or with particularly high tensile strengths, especially without causing damage or increased wear of the braiding knife and / or the braiding spiral.

[0037] Furthermore, it is proposed that the manufacturing device includes a braiding screw having a screw thread with a thread pitch angle that is less than half the opening angle of a bend in a helix bent with the braiding knife and the braiding screw. This advantageously allows for precise adjustment of the mesh shape of helixes made of high-strength steel. In particular, it allows the helix to be overbent, especially over-bent, in the longitudinal direction of the helix.

[0038] If the pitch of the spiral of the braiding screw is less than 0.9 times, preferably less than 0.8 times, half the opening angle of the bending point of the helix bent with the braiding knife and the braiding screw, it is advantageous to be able to precisely adjust the mesh shape of helixes made of high-strength steel, in particular the angle of the bending point in a view perpendicular to the main extension plane of the helix.

[0039] Furthermore, if the braiding spiral has a spiral channel with a variable channel angle, a gradual overbending can be advantageously enabled. This allows for the beneficial minimization of stresses.

[0040] Furthermore, it is proposed that the straightening unit include a pressing device designed, at least in part, to straighten a helix by pressing it against the weaving knife, and in particular to align it flat. This advantageously results in a particularly suitable manufacturing device for producing helixes of wire mesh netting with especially advantageous net properties. It is advantageous that flat helixes made of high-strength steel can be produced using the weaving knife arrangements. The pressing device is specifically designed to press the helix against the weaving knife either across its entire surface or at specific points.

[0041] If the pressing device has at least one pressing element adapted to an outer shape of the braiding knife, in particular a helical shape and / or a concave and / or convex curved shape of the braiding knife, a particularly efficient straightening process can advantageously be achieved. In particular, the pressing element has an outer shape that is at least partially, and at least substantially, complementary to the outer shape of the braiding knife, at least in a contact area intended for pressing the helix against the braiding knife. It is conceivable that the pressing element is moved, at least partially, along the longitudinal axis of the braiding knife with the following longitudinal element, and in particular synchronously.

[0042] Furthermore, it is proposed that the pressing device comprises at least one pressing element designed to press a helix wound on the weaving knife against the weaving knife, particularly at specific points, in at least one transition area of ​​the helix, preferably in at least two transition areas, located between a bend point of the helix and at least one leg of the helix adjacent to the bend point. This advantageously results in a particularly suitable manufacturing device for producing helixes of wire mesh netting with especially advantageous net properties. It is advantageous that, in this way, flat helixes made of high-strength steel can be produced using the weaving knife arrangements.

[0043] If at least the pressing element is movably mounted and is designed to follow at least a partial rotational movement of the braiding knife, a particularly effective straightening process can be advantageously achieved, especially since an interruption of the rotational movement of the braiding knife for pressing can be kept as short as possible or preferably an interruption of the rotational movement of the braiding knife can be dispensed with.

[0044] Furthermore, a wire mesh device, in particular a wire mesh, preferably a safety wire mesh, is proposed, comprising a plurality of interconnected, in particular intertwined, helixes, of which at least one helix is ​​made of at least one longitudinal element, in particular a single wire, a wire bundle, a wire strand and / or a wire rope, with at least one wire formed at least partially from a high-strength steel and comprises at least one first leg, at least one second leg and at least one bend connecting the first leg and the second leg, wherein the interconnected helixes form a square mesh shape in a frontal view perpendicular to a principal plane of extension of the helixes, and wherein the legs of the interconnected helixes are convex in a transverse view parallel to the principal plane of extension of the helixes.particularly outwards, they are curved. This allows wire mesh to be produced with particularly advantageous mesh properties, especially with regard to energy absorption and / or elongation characteristics. A square mesh shape, in particular, ensures that the wire mesh has at least two preferred directions of elongation. Especially during a rockburst event in a mine, forces occur thatwhich can act circularly in all directions. Such forces can be absorbed more effectively with a square mesh mesh than, for example, with a mesh mesh with diamond-shaped openings. Furthermore, the energy absorption capacity of the wire mesh can be further improved, particularly through the combination with the convex curvature of the helix's legs. The convex shape of the legs allows the spring properties of the high-strength steel to be advantageously utilized for additional energy absorption. At least a portion of the energy introduced into the wire mesh during an impact can be advantageously absorbed by the bending, particularly elastic, of the convex shape of the legs.especially before plastic deformation of the helix occurs. The convex shape of the legs also advantageously gives the wire mesh improved elongation properties. In particular, the maximum possible elastic elongation of the wire mesh is advantageously increased. The term "convexly curved" refers in particular to the fact that the leg is curved around its midpoint, preferably clockwise, at least in a central region.

[0045] Since the bulbous curvature of the legs of the interconnected helixes, viewed in cross-section, particularly in the central region around the midpoint of the leg, has a radius of curvature of at most 50 cm, preferably at most 30 cm, advantageously at most 17 cm, particularly advantageously at most 15 cm, preferably at most 10 cm and particularly preferably at least 5 cm, particularly good elongation properties and / or particularly good energy absorption properties can be advantageously achieved.

[0046] Furthermore, since the bulbous curvature of the legs of the interconnected helixes, viewed in cross-section, particularly in the central region around the midpoint of the leg, has a radius of curvature of at least 3 cm, preferably at least 5 cm, advantageously at least 7 cm, particularly advantageously at least 10 cm, preferably at least 13 cm and particularly preferably at most 15 cm, advantageously particularly good elongation properties and / or particularly good energy absorption properties can be achieved with sufficient stability at the same time.

[0047] Furthermore, if the square mesh has an edge length of at least 3 cm, preferably at least 5 cm, and preferably at least 7 cm, advantageously good retention properties of the mesh can also be achieved for smaller impact objects. In particular, such a mesh size also advantageously allows for easy installation with commercially available rock anchors.

[0048] If the square mesh shape has an edge length of at most 20 cm, preferably at most 15 cm and preferably at most 10 cm, advantageously good retention properties of the mesh can be achieved, i.e. sufficient safety for a variety of applications while maintaining the lowest possible mesh weight.

[0049] If the helix is ​​bent at the bending point, particularly in the view parallel to the main extension direction of the wire mesh and along the longitudinal direction of the helix, by a bending angle of less than 180°, particularly less than 179°, preferably less than 178° and preferably less than 175°, a wire mesh with an increased spring travel can advantageously be created, thereby achieving advantageously improved energy absorption properties and / or advantageously improved elongation properties.

[0050] Furthermore, if the helix is ​​bent at the bending point by a bending angle of more than 145°, preferably more than 155°, preferably more than 170° and particularly preferably more than 174°, a sufficiently high stability of the wire mesh can advantageously be achieved while simultaneously achieving advantageous energy absorption and / or elongation properties.

[0051] Furthermore, it is proposed that the radius of curvature of the bulging curve of at least one helix of the plurality of helixes varies significantly compared to at least one other helix of the plurality of helixes. This advantageously allows for multi-stage energy absorption, or, in the case of two different helix types within a wire mesh, for example, a two-stage process. This occurs, for instance, when a tensile force is applied to the wire mesh, a large portion of the force is initially absorbed by helixes with smaller radii of curvature, and only when the applied tensile force increases are the other helixes with larger radii of curvature subjected to the same load. This approach allows for the creation of a wire mesh with particularly advantageous load-bearing properties.

[0052] Furthermore, it is proposed that the longitudinal element, consisting of high-strength steel wire, has a diameter of at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, advantageously at least 4 mm, preferably at least 5 mm, and particularly preferably at most 6 mm. This advantageously allows for the production of a wire mesh with particularly beneficial properties, especially with regard to its strength-to-weight ratio. The longitudinal element advantageously has a diameter of 4.6 mm. Test trials have shown that wire mesh with a particularly favorable weight-to-area ratio can be manufactured from longitudinal elements of this diameter. These meshes are particularly suitable for use in underground mining, as the weight-to-area ratio of these wire meshes is especially well-suited for handling and installation by standard underground mining machinery.Furthermore, the wire mesh with longitudinal elements of this diameter offers particularly good protection against most rockfall events typically occurring in underground mining, while simultaneously having the lowest possible surface weight.

[0053] Additionally, it is proposed that the mean maximum perpendicular distance between two convexly curved legs of a helix, connected by a bend, particularly as seen in a view along the longitudinal direction of the helix, be at least 4 times, preferably at least 6 times, preferably at least 10 times, and most preferably at most 20 times, the diameter of the longitudinal element of the helix, in particular the helix itself. This advantageously creates a three-dimensional, mattress-like structure that exhibits beneficial properties with regard to energy absorption and / or extensibility.

[0054] Furthermore, it is conceivable that a maximum vertical distance between two convexly curved legs of a helix, particularly as seen in a view along the longitudinal direction of a helix, is at least 1.02 times, preferably at least 1.03 times, preferably at least 1.05 times, and particularly preferably at least 1.15 times, the minimum, in particular vertical, distance between the two convexly curved legs of the helix, arranged outside the bending point and outside the transition area, particularly as seen in a view along the longitudinal direction of a helix.

[0055] Furthermore, it is proposed that a mesh formed by the connected helixes and fully spread out on a flat surface should have a waviness W of at least 2* D , preferably 5*D, having a parameter DViewed from a cross-sectional perspective, the mean maximum vertical distance between two legs of a helix connected by a bend corresponds to the helix of the mesh. This advantageously allows for a further increase in energy absorption capacity and / or further increase in extensibility.

[0056] Furthermore, the use of the wire mesh device for collecting and / or retaining rock in mining, slope stabilization, rockfall and / or avalanche protection, or similar applications, and / or the use of the wire mesh device for containing vehicles, for example in motorsports or for counter-terrorism purposes, is proposed. This would advantageously achieve a high level of safety, particularly due to the increased energy absorption and / or elongation properties.

[0057] Furthermore, the use of the wire mesh device for the frictional locking of a nut is proposed. This allows for the creation of a particularly advantageous and low-complexity screw locking system. Specifically, the springback properties of the high-strength steel are combined with the three-dimensional, energy-absorbing geometry of the wire mesh in a meaningful and surprising way. The wire mesh is designed to press a nut, clamped in a direction perpendicular to the main plane of extension of the wire mesh, against the direction of clamping, thus achieving a frictional locking of the nut, comparable to the function of a spring washer.

[0058] The inventive method for producing coils, the inventive manufacturing device for producing coils, the inventive wire mesh device, and / or the inventive uses of the wire mesh device are not / should not be limited to the application and embodiment described above. In particular, the inventive method for producing coils, the inventive manufacturing device for producing coils, the inventive wire mesh device, and / or the inventive uses of the wire mesh device may, to achieve a functionality described herein, comprise a different number of individual elements, components, and units than the number specified herein. Drawings

[0059] Further advantages become apparent from the following description of the drawings. The drawings illustrate seven exemplary embodiments of the invention. The drawings, the description, and the claims contain numerous features in combination. A person skilled in the art will expediently consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

[0060] They show: Fig. 1 a schematic frontal view of a portion of a wire mesh, Fig. 2 a schematic frontal view of a portion of two interconnected coils of the wire mesh, Fig. 3 a schematic view of the coils along a longitudinal direction of the coils, Fig. 4 a schematic view of a portion of the coil from a viewing direction parallel to the main plane of extension of the wire mesh and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the coil, Fig. 5 a schematic view of a portion of the wire mesh from a viewing direction parallel to the main plane of extension of the wire mesh and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the coil of the wire mesh, Fig. 6 a schematic representation of the use of the wire mesh for a force-fit securing of a nut, Fig. 7a a schematic view of a manufacturing device for producing the coils, Fig.Fig. 7a: Schematic view of part of an alternative manufacturing device for producing the helixes; Fig. 8a: Schematic side view of a weaving knife of the manufacturing device; Fig. 8b: Schematic top view of the weaving knife; Fig. 8c: Schematic representation of an overbending angle; Fig. 9: Schematic perpendicular section through the weaving knife at an unwound point of the weaving knife; Fig. 10: Schematic perpendicular section through the weaving knife and through part of a straightening unit of the manufacturing device; Fig. 11: Schematic view of another part of the straightening unit; Fig. 12a: Flowchart of a method for producing the helixes of the wire mesh; Fig. 12b: Exemplary undirected, in particular non-planar helix; Fig. 13: Schematic view of an alternative wire mesh.Fig. 14 a schematic view of an alternative manufacturing device with an alternative braiding knife arrangement, Fig. 15 a schematic view of a further alternative manufacturing device with a further alternative braiding knife arrangement, Fig. 16 a schematic view of a second further alternative manufacturing device with a second further alternative braiding knife arrangement, Fig. 17 a schematic view of a third further alternative manufacturing device with a third further alternative braiding knife arrangement, Fig. 18 a schematic view of part of a fourth alternative manufacturing device with an alternative straightening unit. Description of the exemplary implementations

[0061] Fig. 1Figure 1 shows part of a wire mesh net device. The wire mesh net device forms a wire mesh net 12a. The wire mesh net 12a forms a safety wire mesh net, which is intended for use as a catch and / or retention net for catching and / or retaining rock in mining, slope stabilization, rockfall and / or avalanche protection, or the like, and / or for catching vehicles, for example in motorsport or in counter-terrorism operations.

[0062] The wire mesh device comprises at least one helix 10a. The wire mesh device comprises at least one further helix 102a. In the present case, the helix 10a and the further helix 102a are essentially identical to each other. Alternatively, at least a portion of the helixes 10a, 102a can be configured differently from the remainder of the helixes 10a, 102a of a wire mesh 12a (see also Fig. 13The wire mesh 12a comprises a plurality of interconnected helixes 10a, 102a. Adjacent helixes 10a, 102a are connected by twisting them together.

[0063] Fig. 2Figure 1 shows a schematic front view of a portion of the wire mesh 12a. The helixes 10a and 102a are each made from a longitudinal element 14a with at least one wire 30a. In this case, the longitudinal element 14a is formed as a single wire. The wire 30a forms the longitudinal element 14a. The longitudinal element 14a is bent into the helix 10a. The helix 10a and 102a are formed in one piece. The helix 10a and 102a are made from a single piece of wire. It is also conceivable that the longitudinal element 14a is formed as a bundle of wire, a strand of wire, a wire rope, or the like. In this case, the wire 30a is made entirely of high-strength steel. The wire 30a made of high-strength steel has a tensile strength of 1770 N / mm² in the illustrated embodiment. The longitudinal element 14a, in particular the wire 30a, has a diameter 104a of 4.6 mm in the illustrated embodiment.Alternatively, it is conceivable that a wire 30a has a different diameter 104a, such as less than 1 mm or about 1 mm or about 2 mm or about 4 mm or about 5 mm or about 6 mm or an even larger diameter 104a.

[0064] The helix 10a, 102a has a first leg 16a. The helix 10a, 102a has a second leg 18a. The helix 10a, 102a has a bend 20a connecting the first leg 16a and the second leg 18a. In the illustrated case, the helix 10a, 102a has a plurality of first legs 16a, a plurality of second legs 18a, and a plurality of bends 20a, not all of which are labeled with reference numerals for the sake of clarity. Furthermore, the first legs 16a are at least substantially identical to each other. The second legs 18a are also at least substantially identical to each other. In addition, the bends 20a are at least substantially identical to each other. Therefore, the first leg 16a, the second leg 18a and the bending point 20a are described in more detail below as examples.It is of course conceivable that the wire mesh 12a has different first legs 16a and / or different second legs 18a and / or different bending points 20a.

[0065] The helix 10a, 102a has a transition region 42a. The transition region 42a is formed by the region that lies between a bend 20a of the helix 10a, 102a and at least one first leg 16a of the helix 10a, 102a adjacent to the bend 20a. The helix 10a, 102a has a further transition region 44a. The further transition region 44a is formed by the region that lies between a bend 20a of the helix 10a, 102a and at least one second leg 18a of the helix 10a, 102a adjacent to the bend 20a.

[0066] The helix 10a, 102a has a longitudinal direction 34a. The longitudinal direction 34a corresponds to a principal extension direction of the helix 10a, 102a. In a frontal view perpendicular to a principal extension plane of the helix 10a, 102a, the first leg 16a runs at an angle of inclination 112a with respect to the longitudinal direction 34a of the helix 10a, 102a. The angle of inclination 112a is approximately 45°. In particular, the frontal view is a view in a frontal direction 114a (see Fig. 3a). The connected helixes 10a, 102a form meshes 116a in the frontal view perpendicular to the principal extension plane of the helixes 10a, 102a. The meshes 116a have a mesh shape 32a that is at least substantially square. The meshes 116a of the square mesh shape 32a each comprise four essentially right angles at their corners. The legs 16a, 18a that bound the meshes 116a of the square mesh shape 32a are essentially the same length.In the illustrated case, the square mesh shape 32a has an edge length 98a of 5 cm. The edge length 98a corresponds to a length of the first leg 16a. The edge length 98a corresponds to a length of the second leg 18a. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the square mesh shape 32a has a different edge length 98a, for example, 3 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm, or more than 10 cm.

[0067] Fig. 3Figure 1 shows a section of the helixes 10a, 102a of the wire mesh 12a, comprising the first leg 16a, the second leg 18a, and the bend 20a, viewed along the longitudinal direction 34a of the helixes 10a, 102a. The helixes 10a, 102a of the wire mesh 12a touch at their respective bends 20a. Viewed transversely, the first leg 16a of the interconnected helixes 10a, 102a exhibits a convex curve parallel to the main plane of extension of the helixes 10a, 102a. The first leg 16a has a first convex curve 94a. The second leg 18a of the interconnected helixes 10a, 102a is convexly arched in cross-section, parallel to the principal plane of extension of the helixes 10a, 102a. The second leg 18a exhibits a second convex bulge 118a. The legs 16a, 18a are curved outwards from the principal plane of extension of the wire mesh 12a.The first leg 16a of the helix 10a is curved in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 34a of the helix 10a and perpendicular to the main plane of extension of the wire mesh 12a. The second leg 18a of the helix 10a is curved in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 34a of the helix 10a and perpendicular to the main plane of extension of the wire mesh 12a. The bulbous curves 94a, 118a of the legs 16a, 18a point in directions away from each other, in particular opposite directions. When viewed along the longitudinal direction 34a of the helixes 10a, 102a, the helixes 10a, 102a have a shape that is at least substantially elliptical. The bulbous bulges 94a, 118a of the legs 16a, 18a are essentially identical to each other, apart from their opposing orientation. In particular, the cross-sectional view is a view along the longitudinal direction 34a of the helixes 10a, 102a.

[0068] The first leg 16a has a midpoint 26a. The midpoint 26a of the first leg 16a is located at the center of the first leg 16a's overall extension, between two adjacent bends 20a of the helix 10a. Viewed from the side, the convex curve 94a of the first leg 16a has a radius of curvature 96a of less than 17 cm in a central region around the midpoint 26a of the first leg 16a. In the illustrated case, the convex curve 94a of the first leg 16a has a radius of curvature 96a of 15 cm in the central region around the midpoint 26a of the first leg 16a when viewed from the side. Alternatively, the bulbous curve 94a of the first leg 16a can also have a radius of curvature 96a of more than 17 cm.The central region around the midpoint 26a of the first leg 16a extends uniformly from the midpoint 26a in both directions along the first leg 16a over 50% of the total extent of the first leg 16a. The second leg 18a has a midpoint 28a. The midpoint 28a of the second leg 18a is located at the midpoint of the total extent of the second leg 18a between two adjacent bends 20a of the helix 10a. Viewed from the side, the bulbous curve 118a of the second leg 18a has a radius of curvature 120a of less than 17 cm in a central region around the midpoint 28a of the second leg 18a. In the case shown, the bulbous curvature 118a of the second leg 18a has a radius of curvature 120a of 15 cm in the transverse view in the central area around the midpoint 28a of the second leg 18a.Alternatively, the bulbous curve 118a of the second leg 18a can also have a radius of curvature 120a of more than 17 cm. The central region around the midpoint 28a of the second leg 18a extends uniformly from the midpoint 28a in both directions of the second leg 18a over 50% of the total extent of the second leg 18a.

[0069] The helixes 10a, 102a are bent at the bending point 20a by a bending angle 100a of less than 180°. The helixes 10a, 102a are bent at the bending point 20a by a bending angle 100a of more than 145°. The helixes 10a, 102a are bent at the bending point 20a by a bending angle 100a of approximately 175°. The two midpoints 26a, 28a of the convexly curved legs 16a, 18a, connected by the bending point 20a, form a maximum perpendicular distance 106a in the cross-sectional view. The mean maximum vertical distance 106a between the convexly curved legs 16a, 18a of a helix 10a, connected by bends 20a, is at least 4 times and at most 20 times the diameter 104a of the longitudinal element 14a of the helixes 10a, 102a. In the case shown, the mean maximum vertical distance 106a is 4 times the diameter 104a of the helix 10a.

[0070] The Fig. 4Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a portion of the helix 10a from a perspective parallel to the main plane of extension of the wire mesh 12a and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 34a of the helix 10a. The bend 20a of the helix 10a has an S-shape 122a. The bulbous bulges 94a, 118a are also clearly visible from this perspective. The bulbous bulges 94a, 118a result in, in particular, an increased spring capacity under forces which occur in the, in Fig. 4 act on the wire mesh 12a in the frontal direction 114a indicated by an arrow or in a direction opposite to the frontal direction 114a.

[0071] Fig. 5Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a portion of the wire mesh 12a from a perspective parallel to the main extension plane of the wire mesh 12a and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 34a of the helix 10a. The wire mesh 12a is fully spread out on a flat surface 108a. The wire mesh 12a, fully spread out on the flat surface 108a, exhibits a waviness W of more than 2* D on. The parameter D This corresponds to the mean maximum vertical distance of 106a.

[0072] Fig. 6Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the use of the wire mesh device, in particular the wire mesh 12a, for the force-fit securing of a nut 110a. The wire mesh 12a rests on a surface 108a. A ground anchor 124a is inserted into the substrate forming the surface 108a, for example by drilling. The ground anchor 124a is designed as a threaded rod with a thread 126a. The ground anchor 124a passes through the wire mesh 12a. To fasten the wire mesh 12a relative to the surface 108a, the nut 110a is screwed onto the ground anchor 124a. The nut 110a or a flat washer 180a of the nut 110a has a diameter that is larger than the mesh 116a of the wire mesh 12a. To secure the wire mesh 12a, the wire mesh 12a is clamped between the surface 108a and the nut 110a.The bulging curves 94a, 118a of the legs 16a, 18a of the helixes 10a, 102a give the wire mesh 12a a spring capacity.

[0073] By screwing the nut 110a onto the ground anchor 124a, the bulbous bulges 94a, 118a are elastically deformed, i.e., bent in the opposite direction to the bulging. This causes the nut 110a to be pressed by the wire mesh 12a in a direction away from the surface 108a, resulting in a frictional engagement between the nut 110a and the thread 126a of the ground anchor 124a.

[0074] Fig. 7aFigure 46a shows a schematic view of a manufacturing device for producing helixes 10a, 102a. The manufacturing device 46a has a braiding knife assembly 24a. The braiding knife assembly 24a includes a braiding knife 22a. The braiding knife 22a is designed to wind up an initially straight longitudinal element 14a. The braiding knife assembly 24a has a braiding spiral 38a. The braiding spiral 38a is designed to guide the longitudinal element 14a wound onto the braiding knife 22a. The braiding spiral 38a is largely made of a material with a Vickers hardness of more than 600 HV 10. The braiding spiral 38a comprises at least one spiral thread 64a along which the longitudinal element 14a wound onto the braiding knife 22a is guided. The helical passage 64a comprises a plurality of turns. In the Fig. 7aIn the illustrated embodiment, the braiding screw 38a has a single screw flight 64a. Alternatively, a braiding screw 38'a can have a second screw flight 64'a to increase production capacity (see figure). Fig. 7b ).

[0075] The braiding knife assembly 24a comprises a holding unit 82a. The holding unit 82a is designed to provide a rotationally fixed support for the braiding spiral 38a. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the holding unit 82a allows and / or can generate rotation of the braiding spiral 38a, in particular in a direction of rotation opposite to a direction of rotation of the braiding knife 22a. The holding unit 82a has a braiding spiral holding element 128a. The braiding spiral holding element 128a is designed to provide a detachable, stationary support for at least one braiding spiral 38a. It is conceivable that the braiding knife assembly 24a comprises several braiding spirals 38a arranged in a row. The holding unit 82a has a braiding knife holding element 130a. The braiding knife holding element 130a is designed to support and / or guide the braiding knife 22a.The braiding knife holding element 130a comprises an opening 132a, preferably round, within which the braiding knife 22a is guided. The braiding knife holding element 130a is arranged in a braiding direction 134a of the braiding knife 22a upstream of the feed of the longitudinal element 14a to the braiding knife 22a. The braiding knife assembly 24a comprises a drive unit 84a. The drive unit 84a is designed to generate a rotational movement of the braiding knife 22a. The manufacturing device 46a has a control unit 80a. The control unit 80a is designed to control the drive unit 84a. The braiding knife 22a is arranged within the braiding screw 38a. The braiding knife 22a is designed to rotate within the braiding screw 38a. The braiding knife arrangement 24a has a longitudinal element feed device 136a.The longitudinal element feed device 136a is designed to align an as yet unbent longitudinal element 14a relative to the braiding knife 22a and to feed it to the braiding knife 22a.

[0076] The manufacturing device 46a includes a straightening unit 40a. The straightening unit 40a is designed to straighten a helix 10a, 102a such that at least the centers 26a of the first leg 16a of a finished helix 10a, 102a lie in a common plane. The straightening unit 40a is also designed to straighten a helix 10a, 102a such that at least the centers 28a of the second leg 18a of the finished helix 10a, 102a lie in a further common plane. The common plane and the further common plane are preferably free of mutual lines of intersection. Part 152a of the straightening unit 40a is arranged in a region of the braiding knife 22a, and a further part 142a of the straightening unit 40a is arranged downstream of the braiding knife 22a and the braiding spiral 38a, in particular the entire braiding knife assembly 24a. The straightening unit 40a is designed to overbend helixes 10a, 102a at their bending points 20a.The straightening unit 40a is designed to compensate for springback of the helixes 10a, 102a during a bending process. The straightening unit 40a is designed to achieve desired geometries of the helixes 10a, 102a, for example the square mesh shape 32a, and / or desired angles of the helixes 10a, 102a, for example the pitch angle 112a, the angle . α , to set an opening angle of 68a at bending point 20a or a bending angle of 100a at bending point 20a.

[0077] The straightening unit 40a is partially formed integrally with the braiding spiral 38a. The braiding spiral 38a has a pitch angle 66a. The pitch angle 66a of the braiding spiral 38a, which partially forms a straightening unit 40a, is less than half the opening angle 68a of a bending point 20a of a helix 10a, 102a that has been bent with the braiding knife 22a and the braiding spiral 38a. This causes the helix 10a, 102a to be bent in the longitudinal direction 34a. In the illustrated case, the pitch 70a of the spiral thread 64a of the braiding spiral 38a is less than 0.9 times half the opening angle 68a of the bending point 20a of the helix 10a, 102a, which has been bent with the braiding knife 22a and the braiding spiral 38a. The pitch 70a of the spiral thread 64a corresponds to the thread pitch angle 66a.

[0078] Fig. 8aFigure 1 shows a schematic view of the braiding knife 22a. A wire 30a is wound onto the braiding knife 22a shown. The braiding knife 22a is made of a flat material. The braiding knife 22a is formed as a flat steel. The braiding knife 22a is formed in one piece. The braiding knife 22a is made of a material with a Vickers hardness of more than 600 HV 10. The braiding knife 22a has a longitudinal axis 48a. The braiding knife 22a is designed to rotate about the longitudinal axis 48a in a braiding operation. The braiding knife 22a has a section 138a along which the braiding knife 22a is helically wound along the longitudinal axis 48a of the braiding knife 22a. The helically wound section 138a of the braiding knife 22a is angled α wound. The angle α is greater than 45°. In the illustrated embodiment, the angle is α 60° (cf. Fig. 8b The angle αcan be an equation α ≥ (1 - r)*180° suffices, where r is a springback factor of the helixes 10a, 102a formed from high-strength steel. The braiding knife 22a is twisted by at least 10° in a region 50a over which a spiral turn 140a of the helix 10a, 102a extends when a helix 10a, 102a is bent. A "spiral turn" 140a of the helix 10a, 102a is understood to mean, in particular, a complete 360° turn of the helix 10a, 102a.

[0079] The straightening unit 40a is partially formed integrally with the weaving knife 22a. The twisted section 138a of the weaving knife 22a is designed to straighten the helix 10a, 102a, in particular the bending angle 100a of the helix 10a, 102a. The twisted section 138a of the weaving knife 22a is designed to overbend the helix 10a, 102a, in particular the bending angle 100a of the helix 10a, 102a. The weaving knife 22a is specifically designed to overbend the helix 10a, 102a by an overbend angle 36a (see figure). Fig. 8c ) to overbend. The overbending angle 36a produced by the braiding knife 22a corresponds in particular to an angle by which the braiding knife 22a is twisted over half of the area 50a over which a spiral turn 140a of the helix 10a, 102a extends when a helix 10a, 102a is bent. The overbending angle 36a required for bending a longitudinal element 14a made of high-strength steel by 180° is greater than 20°.

[0080] Fig. 8cTo illustrate the overbending angle 36a, the figure shows the bending process of a wire piece 174a, 174'a, 174"a made of high-strength steel. An unswept, straight wire piece 174a is shown with hatching. The wire piece 174'a with a completed bend 176a is represented by a solid line. The fully bent wire piece 174'a has a bend 176a with a bend angle 178a. To achieve the bend angle 178a, the wire piece 174a must be overbent. The overbent wire piece 174"a is shown by a dashed line. After overbending, the wire piece 174a springs back by the overbending angle 36a. In order to obtain the wire piece 174'a with the bend 176a, i.e. to achieve the bend angle 178a, the wire piece 174a must therefore be bent by the bend angle 178a and by the overbend angle 36a.

[0081] Fig. 9Figure 2 shows a schematic vertical section through the weaving knife 22a at an unwound point of the weaving knife 22a. The weaving knife 22a has one long side 144a and another long side 146a opposite the long side 144a. The weaving knife 22a has two narrow sides 148a and 150a connecting the long sides 144a and 146a. The cross-section 54a of the weaving knife 22a comprises at least one semicircle. This semicircle is located on the narrow side 148a. The cross-section 54a of the weaving knife 22a comprises at least one further semicircle. This further semicircle is located on the further narrow side 148a opposite the narrow side 148a. Furthermore, the cross-section 54 of the weaving knife 22a includes partial circles on its narrow sides 148a and 150a, which are larger than semicircles. The cross-section 54a of the weaving knife 22a has a concave curvature 62a on a first side surface 56a.The first side surface 56a is located on the long side 144a of the weaving knife 22a. The cross-section 54a of the weaving knife 22a has a concave curve 62a on a second side surface 58a opposite the first side surface 56a. The second side surface 58a is located on the other long side 146a of the weaving knife 22a. The concave curves 62a of the weaving knife 22a are located at an unwound point of the weaving knife 22a. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the weaving knife 22a has a concave curve 62a at a wound point. The concave curve 62a is designed to allow the legs 16a, 18a of the helixes 10a, 102a to be bent over during a manufacturing process by pressing the helix 10a, 102a into a recess of the concave curve 62a.

[0082] The degree of curvature of the concave curve 62a of the weaving knife 22a is adjustable. The weaving knife 22a has surface elements 86a. The surface elements 86a are detachably attached to the weaving knife 22a, particularly in the area of ​​the concave curve 62a. The surface elements 86a are interchangeable. By replacing the surface elements 86a, the shape of the weaving knife 22a in the area of ​​the concave curve 62a and / or the depth of the concave curve 62a of the weaving knife 22a can be determined. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the surface elements 86a themselves are shape-changeable or that their distance from a center of the weaving knife 22a is adjustable. For example, a possible overbending angle 36a can be set by mounting suitable surface elements 86a.For example, by mounting suitable surface elements 86a, a concave curve 62a can be transformed into a convex curve 60a, particularly if an increased radius of curvature 96a of legs 16a, 18a of helixes 10a, 102a is desired or intended. Accordingly, it is conceivable that the extent of a bulge of a convex curve 60a (see also . Fig. 16 ) of the braiding knife 22a can be inserted and / or adjusted.

[0083] Fig. 10Figure 1 shows a schematic vertical section through the braiding knife 22a at a point on the braiding knife 22a with a concave curve 62a, and a schematic vertical section through a part 152a of the straightening unit 40a located in the area of ​​the braiding knife 22a. The straightening unit 40a has a pressing device 74a. The pressing device 74a is designed to at least partially straighten a helix 10a, 102a by pressing it against the braiding knife 22a. The pressing device 74a has a first pressing element 76a. The pressing device 74a has a second pressing element 154a. The pressing elements 76a, 154a are designed to press a helix 10a, 102a wound on the braiding knife 22a against the braiding knife 22a. The pressing elements 76a, 154a are designed to press the helix 10a, 102a wound on the braiding knife 22a against the braiding knife 22a at least in the transition areas 42a, 44a of the helix 10a, 102a.The pressing elements 76a, 154a are arranged on opposite sides of the braiding knife 22a. The pressing elements 76a, 154a are designed to press the respective legs 16a, 18a of the helixes 10a, 102a against the braiding knife 22a in a pincer-like manner. The pressing elements 76a, 154a are designed to press the legs 16a, 18a of the helixes 10a, 102a towards each other. The in . Fig. 10 The illustrated pressing device 74a has two pairs of pressing elements 76a, 154a, which are designed to press the transition areas 42a, 44a of various successive bending points 20a along a helical shape of the coils 10a, 102a against the braiding knife 22a. Further additional pairs of pressing elements 76a, 154a are conceivable.

[0084] The pressing elements 76a, 154a are movably mounted. The pressing elements 76a, 154a are designed to follow, at least partially, a movement of the helix 10a, 102a along the braiding knife 22a by means of the movable mounting. The pressing elements 76a, 154a are designed to follow, at least partially, a rotational movement of the braiding knife 22a by means of the movable mounting. The pressing elements 76a, 154a are designed to follow, at least partially, a rotational and translational movement, in particular a helical path, of the helix 10a, 102a on the braiding knife 22a by means of the movable mounting. The pressure elements 76a, 154a are designed to exert, in particular, repeatedly short-term pressure force pulses on the transition areas 42a, 44a of the helixes 10a, 102a.

[0085] Fig. 11Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the further part 142a of the straightening unit 40a, which is located downstream of the braiding knife 22a. The downstream part 142a of the straightening unit 40a has straightening elements 78a, 90a that rotate in opposite directions. The straightening elements 78a, 90a, which rotate in opposite directions, are designed to straighten the helixes 10a, 102a by overbending the bending points 20a. The straightening elements 78a, 90a are designed to overbend at least partial sections of a helix 10a, 102a by rotating adjacent straightening elements 78a, 90a in opposite directions about a central longitudinal axis 92a of the helix 10a. Adjacent straightening elements 78a, 90a are designed to hold adjacent legs 16a, 18a of helixes 10a, 102a, for example by clamping them, and then to twist the adjacent legs 16a, 18a against each other until a necessary overbending angle 36a is reached and then release them again.It is conceivable that the straightening unit 40a comprises a plurality of straightening elements 78a, 90a arranged in a series. Advantageously, the total number of straightening elements 78a, 90a of the straightening unit 40a is equal to the total number of bending points 20a of the helix 10a, 102a plus one. The manufacturing device 46a comprises a further drive unit 88a. The further drive unit 88a is designed to generate the counter-rotating and / or counter-rotating longitudinal displacement of the straightening elements 78a, 90a. The control unit 80a is designed to control the further drive unit 88a.

[0086] Alternatively or additionally, the straightening elements 78a, 90a of the straightening unit 40a are longitudinally displaceable in opposite directions to each other in directions parallel to the longitudinal axis 48a of the weaving knife 22a. The longitudinally displaceable straightening elements 78a, 90a are intended to pull apart sections of helixes 10a, 102a in the longitudinal direction 34a of the helixes 10a, 102a. The longitudinally displaceable straightening elements 78a, 90a are intended to adjust the opening angle 68a of bending points 20a of helixes 10a, 102a by overbending the bending points 20a. Adjacent straightening elements 78a, 90a are designed to hold adjacent legs 16a, 18a of helixes 10a, 102a, for example by clamping them, and then to pull the adjacent legs 16a, 18a apart until a necessary overbending angle 36a is reached and then release them again.Alternatively, it is conceivable that a section of the helix 10a, 102a comprising several bending points 20a, or the entire helix 10a, 102a, is pulled apart by two longitudinally displaceable straightening elements 78a, 90a. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the longitudinally displaceable straightening elements 78a, 90a can be used to subsequently compress the helix 10a, 102a, resulting in a reduction of the opening angle 68a of bending points 20a.

[0087] Fig. 12Figure 1 shows a flowchart of a process for manufacturing the helixes 10a, 102a of the wire mesh 12a. In at least one process step 156a, a longitudinal element 14a is unwound from a bobbin and fed to the weaving knife 22a by the longitudinal element feed device 136a. In at least one further process step 158a, the longitudinal element 14a is bent into a helix 10a, 102a by the combination of weaving knife 22a and weaving spiral 38a. In process step 158a, the longitudinal elements 14a are bent by the braiding knife arrangement 24a, which has the braiding knife 22a, into helixes 10a, 102a such that at least the centers 26a of the first legs 16a resulting from the bending process and / or at least the centers 28a of the second legs 18a resulting from the bending process of a finished helix 10a, 102a each lie at least substantially in one plane.In process step 158a, the longitudinal elements 14a are bent into helixes 10a, 102a such that when several fully bent helixes 10a, 102a are twisted together, the wire mesh 12a is formed, which, viewed from the front and perpendicular to the main plane of extension of the helixes 10a, 102a, forms a square mesh shape 32a. In process step 158a, the helixes 10a, 102a are bent by the braiding knife arrangement 24a such that springback of the high-strength steel wire 30a of the helixes 10a, 102a, particularly in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction 34a of the helixes 10a, 102a, is compensated. In process step 158a, the helixes 10a, 102a are also bent over by the braiding knife arrangement 24a in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction 34a of the helix 10a, 102a.Additionally, in process step 158a, the helixes 10a, 102a can be bent over by the braiding knife arrangement 24a in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction 34a of the helix 10a.

[0088] In at least one sub-process step 160a of process step 158a, the springback of the longitudinal element 14a occurring during a bending operation is partially compensated by the braiding knife 22a. In sub-process step 160a of process step 158a, the longitudinal element 14a, in particular the helix 10a, 102a, is bent over by the braiding knife 22a. In at least one further sub-process step 162a of process step 158a, the springback of the longitudinal element 14a occurring during a bending operation is partially compensated by the braiding spiral 38a. In the further sub-process step 162a of process step 158a, the longitudinal element 14a, in particular the helix 10a, 102a, is bent over by the braiding spiral 38a. In at least one further sub-process step 164a of process step 158a, the springback occurring during a bending process is partially compensated by the straightening unit 40a downstream of the braiding knife 22a.In the further sub-process step 164a of process step 158a, the longitudinal element 14a, in particular the helix 10a, 102a, is bent by the straightening unit 40a downstream of the braiding knife 22a. In the further sub-process step 164a of process step 158a, in order to straighten the helix 10a, 102a, the helix 10a, 102a are stretched parallel to the longitudinal direction 34a of the helix 10a in addition to the bending process caused by the braiding knife 22a, compressed parallel to the longitudinal direction 34a of the helix 10a, 102a in addition to the bending process caused by the braiding knife 22a, and / or rotated transversely to the longitudinal direction 34a of the helix 10a, 102a in addition to the bending process caused by the braiding knife 22a.

[0089] In at least one further process step 166a, which in particular can also form a sub-process step of process step 158a, during the bending process the respective longitudinal element 14a resting on the braiding knife 22a, in particular the respective helix 10a, 102a resting on the braiding knife 22a, is pressed against the braiding knife 22a at least in the transition area 42a and / or at least in the further transition area 44a. In In at least one or both process steps 158a, 166a, the longitudinal elements 14a, in particular the helixes 10a, 102a, are bent over by an overbending angle 36a of at least 20°.

[0090] Fig. 12bFigure 1 shows an example of a helix 10a made of a high-strength wire 30a, which has not been straightened, in particular not flattened, as seen from a view parallel to the longitudinal direction 34a of the helix 10b. The individual legs 16a, 18a of the helix, their centers 26a, 28a, and the bending points 20a of the helix do not lie in one plane, but are each offset by an angle 182a. The claimed method and the claimed manufacturing device 46a are designed to keep the angle 182a as small as possible and preferably to eliminate the angle 182a altogether.

[0091] In the Figures 13 to 18Six further embodiments of the invention are shown. The following descriptions and drawings are essentially limited to the differences between the embodiments, whereby, with regard to identically designated components, in particular components with the same reference numerals, reference is also generally made to the drawings and / or the description of the other embodiments, in particular the Figures 1 to 12b , can be referenced. To distinguish the embodiments, the letter a is the reference numeral of the embodiment in the Figures 1 to 12b recreated. In the exemplary embodiments of the Figures 13 to 18 The letter a is replaced by the letters b to g.

[0092] Fig. 13Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an alternative wire mesh 12b in a viewing direction parallel to a principal extension plane of the wire mesh 12b and parallel to a longitudinal direction 34b of a helix 10b, 102b of the wire mesh 12b. The wire mesh 12b comprises at least the helix 10b and at least the further helix 102b. The helixes 10b, 102b comprise first legs 16b, second legs 18b, and bends 20b connecting the legs 16b, 18b. The legs 16b, 18b of the helixes 10b, 102b have bulbous bulges 94b, 118b. The bulbous curves 94b, 118b of the legs 16b, 18b of the helix 10b have a radius of curvature 96b, 120b. The legs 16b, 18b of the further helix 102b have a further radius of curvature 168b.The radii of curvature 96b, 120b of the bulging curves 94b, 118b of the helix 10b of the wire mesh 12b differ significantly from the radii of curvature 168b of the bulging curves 94b, 118b of the further helix 102b of the wire mesh 12b. The radii of curvature 96b, 120b of the bulging curves 94b, 118b of the helix 10b of the wire mesh 12b are significantly smaller than the radii of curvature 168b of the bulging curves 94b, 118b of the further helix 102b of the wire mesh 12b. The radii of curvature 96b, 120b of the bulbous curves 94b, 118b of the helix 10b of the wire mesh 12b are more than 30% smaller than the radii of curvature 168b of the bulbous curves 94b, 118b of the further helix 102b of the wire mesh 12b.

[0093] Fig. 14Figure 1 shows an alternative manufacturing device 46c with an alternative braiding knife arrangement 24c comprising an alternative braiding knife 22c. The braiding knife 22c has a section 138c along which the braiding knife 22c is helically twisted along a longitudinal axis 48c of the braiding knife 22c. The braiding knife 22c is twisted multiple times in the section 138c. The twist of the braiding knife 22c in the section 138c is greater than 360°.

[0094] Fig. 15Figure 46d shows a further alternative manufacturing device with a further alternative braiding knife arrangement 24d comprising a further alternative braiding knife 22d. The braiding knife arrangement 24d is designed for bending a helix 10d, 102d from a longitudinal element 14d. The braiding knife 22d has a section 138d along which the braiding knife 22d is helically twisted along a longitudinal axis 48d. The braiding knife 22d has an outlet 170d. The finished bent longitudinal element 14d exits the braiding knife 22d at the outlet 170d. The helical twist of the braiding knife 22d has a pitch 52d, 52'd. The slope 52d, 52'd of the helical twisting of the braiding knife 22d increases along the longitudinal axis 48d of the braiding knife 22d in the direction of the exit 170d.Alternatively, it is conceivable that the slope 52d, 52'd of the twist of the braiding knife 22d along the longitudinal axis 48d decreases in the direction of the exit 170d of the braiding knife 22d.

[0095] Fig. 16 Figure 1 shows a second further alternative manufacturing device 46e with a second further alternative braiding knife arrangement 24e comprising a second further alternative braiding knife 22e. The braiding knife 22e has a cross-section 54e, the shape of which has a convex curvature 60e at least on a first side surface 56e of the cross-section 54e. In addition, the shape of the cross-section 54e of the braiding knife 22e has a convex curvature 60e on a second side surface 58e of the cross-section 54e opposite the first side surface 56e of the cross-section 54e.

[0096] Fig. 17Figure 1 shows a third alternative manufacturing device 46f with a third alternative braiding knife arrangement 24f comprising an alternative braiding spiral 38f. The braiding knife arrangement 24f is designed for bending a helix 10f, 102f from a longitudinal element 14f. The braiding spiral 38f has an outlet 72f. The fully bent longitudinal element 14f exits the braiding spiral 38f at the outlet 72f. The braiding spiral 38f has a spiral channel 64f. The spiral channel 64f has a variable channel pitch angle 66f. The size of the channel pitch angle 66f of the spiral channel 64f decreases towards an outlet 72f of the braiding spiral 38f.

[0097] Fig. 18 shows part of a fourth alternative manufacturing device 46g with an alternative straightening unit 40g. In Fig. 18Figure 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a section through a braiding knife 22g of a braiding knife arrangement 24g of the manufacturing device 46 and through an alternative pressing device 74g of the alternative straightening unit 40g. The straightening unit 40g includes the pressing device 74g. The pressing device 74g has pressing elements 76g and 154g. The outer shape of the pressing elements 76g and 154g is adapted to the outer shape of the braiding knife 22g. The outer shape of the braiding knife 22g has a concave curve 62g. The pressing elements 76g and 154g are adapted to the concave curve 62g. The pressing elements 76g and 154g have a convex curve 172g.The convex curvature 172g of the pressing elements 76g, 154g is designed to engage with the concave curvature 62g of the braiding knife 22g during a straightening process, particularly an overbending process, and thereby overbending and / or straightening, in particular flattening, a longitudinal element 14g bent into a helical shape by the braiding knife arrangement 24g. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the pressing elements 76g, 154g are adapted to a convex curvature 60g of a braiding knife 22g. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the outer shape of the pressing elements 76g, 154g is adapted to a helical shape of a twist of a braiding knife 22g that is at least partially twisted. The outer shape of the pressing elements 76g, 154g is designed to be complementary to at least one section of the braiding knife 22g. Reference sign

[0098] 10 Helix 12 Wire mesh 14 Longitudinal element 16 First leg 18 Second leg 20 Bending point 22 Weaving knife 24 Weaving knife arrangement 26 Center point 28 Center point 30 Wire 32 Square mesh shape 34 Longitudinal direction 36 Overbending angle 38 Weaving screw 40 Straightening unit 42 Transition area 44 Further transition area 46 Manufacturing device 48 Longitudinal axis 50 Area 52 Pitch 54 Cross section 56 First side surface 58 Second side surface 60 Convex curvature 62 Concave curvature 64 Screw thread 66 Thread pitch angle 68 Opening angle 70 Pitch 72 Exit 74 Pressing device 76 Pressing element 78 Straightening element 80 Control and / or control unit 82 Holding unit 84 Drive unit 86 Surface element 88 Further drive unit 90 Alignment element 92 Central longitudinal axis 94 Bulging 96 Radius of curvature 98 Edge length 100 Bend angle 102 Further helix 104 Diameter 106 Spacing 108 Surface 110 Nut 112 Pitch angle 114 Frontal direction 116 Mesh 118 Bulging 120 Radius of curvature 122 S-shape 124 Ground anchor 126 Thread128 Braiding screw holder element 130 Braiding knife holder element 132 Opening 134 Braiding direction 136 Longitudinal element feed device 138 Section 140 Spiral 142 Further part 144 Long side 146 Further long side 148 Narrow side 150 Narrow side 152 Part 154 Pressing element 156 Process step 158 Process step 160 Partial process step 162 Partial process step 164 Partial process step 166 Process step 168 Radius of curvature 170 Exit 172 Convex curve 174 Wire piece 176 Bend 178 Bend angle 180 Washer 182 Offset angle

Claims

1. A method for producing helices (10a-g, 102a-g) for a chain-link net (12a-g), which are configured for being interconnected, in particular being rotated into one another, wherein the helices (10a-g, 102a-g) are produced from at least one longitudinal element (14a-g), in particular a single wire, a wire bundle, a wire strand, and / or a wire rope, with at least one wire (30a-g) that is at least partially implemented from a high-tensile steel with a tensile strength of at least 1370 N / mm2, and wherein the helices (10a-g, 102a-g) are bent in such a manner that they comprise at least a plurality of first legs (16a-g), at least a plurality of second legs (18a-g), as well as at least a plurality of bending regions (20a-g) that interconnect a first leg (16a-g) and a neighboring second leg (18a-g), wherein the helices (10a-g, 102a-g) are bent, by a braiding knife assembly (24a-g) that has at least one braiding knife (22a-g) and a braiding worm (38a-g), in such a manner that at least the center points (26a-g) of the first legs (16a-g) and / or at least the center points (28a-g) of the second legs (18a-g) of a completely bent helix (10a-g, 102a-g) each lie at least substantially in one plane respectively, characterized in that the helices (10a-g, 102a-g) are bent by the braiding knife assembly (24a-g) in such a manner that a rebounding of the wire (30a-g) of the helices (10a-g, 102a-g) that is implemented from a high-tensile steel is at least substantially compensated for at least in a direction transverse to a longitudinal direction (34a-g) of the helices (10a-g, 102a-g), the helices (10a-g, 102a-g) being overbent by the braiding knife (22a-g) of the braiding knife assembly (24a-g) and / or of the braiding worm (38a-g) of the braiding knife assembly (24a-g) by an overbending angle (36a-g) of at least 40°.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the helices (10a-g, 102a-g) are overbent by the braiding knife assembly (24a-g) at least in a direction parallel with the longitudinal direction (34a-g) of the helices (10a-g, 102a-g).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that during the bending procedure the respective helix (10a-g, 102a-g) bearing on the braiding knife (22a-g) is pressed onto the braiding knife (22a-g) at least in a transition region (42a-g) between a bending region (20a-g) and a first leg (16a-g) that adjoins the bending region (20a-g), as well as at least in a further transition region (44a-g) between the bending region (20a-g) and a second leg (18a-g) that adjoins the bending region (20a-g).

4. A production device (46a-g) for producing a helix (10a-g, 102a-g) for a chain-link net (12a-g) by means of a method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a braiding knife assembly (24a-g) having at least one braiding knife (22a-g) and a braiding worm (38a-g), characterized in that the braiding knife (22a-g) of the braiding knife assembly (24a-g) and / or the braiding worm (38a-g) of the braiding knife assembly (24a-g) is / are implemented for overbending the helix (10a-g, 102a-g) by an overbending angle (36a-g) of at least 40°, and in that the braiding knife (22a-g) and / or the braiding worm (36a-g) is at least largely implemented from a material having a Vickers hardness of more than 600 HV 10.

5. The production device (46a-g) according to claim 4, characterized by a rectifying unit (40a-g) which is configured for a rectifying of a helix (10a-g, 102a-g) in such a manner that at least the center points (26a-g) of the first leg (16a-g) and / or at least the center points (28a-g) of the second leg (18a-g) of a completely bent helix (10a-g, 102a-g) lie at least substantially in one plane, wherein the rectifying unit (40a-g) is configured for overbending helices (10a-g, 102a-g), in particular in their bending regions (20a-g), and that the rectifying unit (40a-g) is implemented integrally with the braiding knife (22a-g) or with a braiding worm (38a-g) of the braiding knife assembly (24a-g).

6. The production device (46a-g) according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the braiding knife (22a-g) is implemented from a flat material, and in that the braiding knife (22a-g) is at least section-wise helically twisted along its longitudinal axis (48a-g), wherein a helically twisted section (138a-g) of the braiding knife (22a-g) is twisted by an angle α, wherein the angle α is more than 45° and corresponds to an equation α ≥ (1 - r)*180°, wherein r is a rebound factor of a helix (10a-g, 102a-g) implemented of high-tensile steel with a tensile strength of at least 1370 N / mm2.

7. The production device (46c; 46d) according to claim 6, characterized in that the braiding knife (22c; 22d) is twisted multiple times.

8. The production device (46a-g) according to any one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the braiding knife (22a-g) is twisted by at least 10° in a region (50a-g) across which a spiral turn (140a-g) of the helix (10a-g, 102a-g) extends when bending a helix (10a-g, 102a-g) by means of the braiding knife assembly (24a-g).

9. The production device (46d) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that a pitch (52d) of the helical twist of the braiding knife (22d) increases or decreases along the longitudinal axis (48d) of the braiding knife (22d).

10. The production device (46a-g) according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the braiding knife (22a-g) has a cross section (54a-g), the shape of the latter comprising at least one semicircle.

11. The production device (46a-g) according to any one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the braiding knife (22a-g) has a cross section (54a-g), the shape thereof comprising at least one partial circle which is larger than a semicircle.

12. The production device (46a-g) according to any one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the braiding knife (22a-g) has a cross section (54a-g), the shape thereof at least on a first lateral face (56a-g) having a convex curvature (60a; 60e) or a concave curvature (62a-d; 62f; 62g).

13. The production device (46a-g) according to claim 12, characterized in that an extent of an outward curvature of the convex curvature (60a; 60e) of the braiding knife (22a-g), or an extent of an inward curvature of the concave curvature (62a-d; 62f; 62g) of the braiding knife (22a-g) is capable of being set and / or adjusted.

14. The production device (46f) according to any one of claims 4 to 13, characterized by a braiding worm (38f), which has a worm thread turn (64f) having a turn pitch angle (66f).

15. The production device (46f) according to claim 14, characterized in that the size of the turn pitch angle (66a-g) of the worm thread turn (64f) decreases toward an outlet (72f) of the braiding worm (38f).

16. The production device (46a-g) according to claim 5, characterized in that the rectifying unit (40a-g) has a pressing device (74a-g) which is at least configured for at least partially rectifying a helix (10a-g, 102a-g) by pressing against the braiding knife (22a-g), wherein the pressing device (74g) has at least one pressing element (76g, 154g) which is adapted to an external shape of the braiding knife (22g), in particular to a helical shape and / or to a concave and / or convex bulge of the braiding knife (22g) and / or wherein the pressing device (74a-g) has at least one pressing element (76a-g, 154a-g) which, in at least one transition region (42a-g, 44a-g) of the helix (10a-g, 102a-g), lying between a bending region (20a-g) of the helix (10a-g, 102a-g) that neighbors the bending region (20a-g), is configured for pressing a helix (10a-g, 102a-g) wound onto the braiding knife (22a-g) against the braiding knife (22a-g), and wherein in particular at least the pressing element (76a-g, 154a-g) is movably supported and is configured for at least section-wise following at least one rotating movement of the braiding knife (22a-g).

17. A chain-link net device comprising a plurality of interconnected helices (10a-g, 102a-g), which are in particular rotated into one another, and of which at least one helix (10a-g, 102a-g) is produced from at least one longitudinal element (14a-g), in particular a single wire, a wire bundle, a wire strand, and / or a wire rope, with at least one wire (30a-g) that is at least partially implemented from a high-tensile steel with a tensile strength of at least 1370 N / mm2, and comprises at least one first leg (16a-g), at least one second leg (18a-g), as well as at least one bending region (20a-g) that interconnects the first leg (16a-g) and the second leg (18a-g), characterized in that connected helices (10a-g, 102a-g), in a frontal view perpendicular to a plane of main extent of the helices (10a-g, 102a-g), realize a square mesh shape (32a-g), and in that the legs (16a-g, 18a-g) of the interconnected helices (10a-g, 102a-g) in a transverse view parallel with the plane of main extent of the helices (10a-g, 102a-g) are outwardly curved in a bulging manner, wherein the bulging curvature (94a-g, 118a-g) of the legs (16a-g, 18a-g) of the interconnected helices (10a-g, 102a-g) in the transverse view have a curvature radius (96a-g, 120a-g) of at least 3 cm and of at most 50 cm.

18. The chain-link net device according to claim 17, characterized in that the helix (10a-g, 102a-g) in the bending region (20a-g) is bent by a bending angle (100a-g) of more than 145° and less than 180°.

19. The chain-link net device according to any one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that a curvature radius (96b, 120b) of the bulging curvature (94b, 118b) of at least one helix (10b) of the plurality of helices (10b, 102b) varies in relation to at least one further helix (102b) of the plurality of helices (10b, 102b) by at least 30%.

20. The chain-link net device according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that a chain-link net (12a-g) that is realized by the connected helices (10a-g, 102a-g) and is completely spread out on a planar surface has an undulation Wof at least 2*D, wherein the parameter D, viewed in the transverse view of the helices (10a-g, 102a-g) of the chain-link net (12a-g), corresponds to a mean maximum perpendicular spacing (106a-g) of two legs (16a-g, 18a-g) of a helix (10a-g, 102a-g) of the chain-link net (12a-g) that are interconnected by a bending region (20a-g).

21. A use of a chain-link net device according to any one of claims 17 to 20 for trapping and / or retaining rocks in mining or for securing a nut (110a-g) in a force-fitting manner.

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