Spring system for a drive system comprising a coupling, spring system comprising a coupling, drive system comprising a coupling and a spring system and switchgear comprising such a drive system

Abstract

The invention relates to a spring system for a drive system comprising a coupling, a spring system comprising a coupling, a drive system comprising a coupling and a spring system and a switchgear comprising such a drive system.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a spring system for a drive system with a coupling, a spring system with a coupling, a drive system with a coupling and a spring system, and a switchgear assembly with such a drive system. Switchgear assembly refers to switchgear assembly for low and medium voltages, in particular medium voltages from 1 kV up to and including 52 kV.

[0002] In particular, drive systems are known from the prior art that implement the drive of a two- or multi-position switch using different drives with different drive parameters and additional interlocks, or a drive that fulfills all switching operations with a predetermined set of drive parameters and is therefore not optimally designed for the individual switching operations. The spring system in conventional drive systems of a two- or multi-position switch is often implemented using leg springs with two contact points per leg. Alternatively, it is known to use a tension or compression spring and to use this with a lever in such a way that the spring is pulled or compressed beyond the dead center of the spring during switching operations, thus reversing the direction. Furthermore, switch-disconnectors must be switched to the three different switching states "OFF," "ON," or "EARTH."This requires a drive that switches the switching device into one of three switching states at a specific switching speed and maintains it there. Switching back and forth between the switching states off and on or off and ground requires reversing the drive direction.

[0003] From EP 3182433 A1 a spring arrangement is known which has a compression spring, which could function as a pressure accumulator, and a variable guide path.

[0004] US 2005 / 0150754 A1 discloses a drive for a three-position switch with two drive springs.

[0005] These systems are therefore more expensive due to fixed parameter specifications and more complex to design.

[0006] The object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art.

[0007] The problem is solved by the independent claim 1 and the claims dependent thereon.

[0008] One embodiment relates to a spring system with a compression spring, which compression spring can function both as a pressure accumulator and as a tension accumulator due to its installation situation and bearing.

[0009] This is achieved by using a compression spring that acts as a pressure accumulator in one switching direction and is directly compressed, i.e., pre-tensioned, or can be pre-tensioned. In the opposite switching direction, it acts as a tension accumulator and is indirectly compressed, i.e., pre-tensioned, or can be pre-tensioned, via two plates. This pre-tensioning stores the mechanical energy for the respective switching process.

[0010] The simpler mounting of the compression spring compared to a leg spring makes the design simpler. Furthermore, the compression spring has less frictional loss, allowing for the use of a weaker spring. The spring force is converted into torque by the drive lever. This offers the possibility of varying the torque curve and optimally utilizing the energy. The spring system can be used for two two-position actuators (separate spring assemblies for the disconnector and earthing switch) or for a three-position actuator (a common spring assembly for the disconnector and earthing switch).

[0011] The spring system is formed from a tension lever, a first spring plate, a second spring plate, a compression spring, and a drive lever, a first spring plate and a second spring plate.

[0012] In the following, the embodiments are explained using figures. Fig. 1: Schematic representation of a drive system according to the invention with a spring system and coupling; Fig. 2: Schematic representation of a coupling according to the invention; Fig. 3: Schematic representation of a coupling according to the invention in the earthing position tensioned; Fig. 4: Schematic representation of a coupling according to the invention in the earthing position switched on; Fig. 5: Schematic representation of a coupling according to the invention in the disconnector position tensioned; Fig. 6: Schematic representation of a coupling according to the invention in the disconnector position switched on; Fig. 7: Schematic representation of a spring system according to the invention; Fig. 8: Schematic representation of a spring system according to the invention tensioned by the tensioning lever and drive lever; Fig. 9: Schematic representation of a spring system according to the invention tensioned by the first spring tab and the second spring tab; Fig.Fig. 10: Schematic representation of a drive system according to the invention with a spring system for three-position operation in the "OFF" position; Fig. 11: Schematic representation of a drive system according to the invention with a spring system for three-position operation in the "ON" or "EARTH" position; Fig. 12: Schematic representation of a drive system according to the invention with a spring system for three-position operation, tensioned in compression; Fig. 13: Schematic representation of a drive system according to the invention with a spring system for three-position operation, tensioned in tension.

[0013] The Figure 1shows a schematic representation of a drive system 10 according to the invention with spring systems 8, 9 and a coupling, consisting of a first coupling part 7 and a second coupling part 4. The first coupling part 7 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 15 for a three-position switch. The second coupling part 4 is arranged to be movable about a rotation axis 40 of the second coupling part 4 and has profiles in order to mechanically couple either the first drive bolt 5 or the second drive bolt 6 to the first coupling part 7 in such a way that switching actions are transmitted from the first spring assembly 8 or the second spring assembly 9 to the rotation axis 15. The first spring system 8 is connected to the first drive bolt 6 and the second spring system 9 is connected to the second drive bolt 5.

[0014] The first tensioning lever 1 is connected to the first spring system 8, and the second tensioning lever 2 is connected to the second spring system 9. The tensioning levers 1, 2 serve to tension the spring systems 8, 9, i.e., to introduce mechanical energy into the spring system. The first pawl 25 and the second pawl 26 serve to fix the first drive pin 6 in a switching position. The third pawl 23 and the fourth pawl 24 serve to fix the second drive pin 5 in a switching position.

[0015] The control means 3 is pivotable about the control means rotation axis 30, and the control means 3 thus determines whether the second coupling part 4 couples the second drive pin 5 or the first drive pin 6 to the first coupling part 7. The control means 3 is moved here by the first clamping lever 1 and / or the second clamping lever 2.

[0016] The first spring system 8 is connected at the coupling point 12 to a first tensioning lever 1 for tensioning the first spring system 8. The first tensioning lever 1 is pivotable about a pivot axis 11.

[0017] The second spring system 9 is connected at the coupling point 22 to a second tensioning lever 2 for tensioning the second spring system 9. The second tensioning lever 2 is pivotable about a pivot axis 21.

[0018] In other words, the drive system 10 here is a typical spring-loaded or stored-energy drive, used, for example, for a load-break switch in a medium-voltage system with three switching positions: "ON," "OFF," and "EARTH." The drive shaft 15 of the drive system is held in place during the tensioning process by a pawl system consisting of the first pawl 25, second pawl 26, third pawl 23, and fourth pawl 24. At the end, it is released directly or by a separate release (not shown here). One component of the drive system is the coupling, which consists of the second coupling part 4, also known as a pivot lever, and the first coupling part 7, also known as the coupling lever. The coupling is controlled by the control means 3, here a control lever, and the tensioning levers, the first tensioning lever 1 and the second tensioning lever 2.To perform the switching operation, the first spring system 8 is tensioned via the first tensioning lever 1 or the second spring system 9 via the second tensioning lever 2. During the tensioning operation, the first drive pin 6 or the second drive pin 5 is held in place by the second pawl 26 or the third pawl 23. The first tensioning lever 1 or the second tensioning lever 2 actuates the control means 3, which then moves the second coupling part 4 in the coupling and encloses the corresponding drive pin, i.e., the first drive pin 6 or the second drive pin 5. The corresponding spring system is thus connected to the drive shaft 15 of the switching device, for example, the three-position switch, via the second coupling part 4 and the first coupling part 7.When the first drive pin 6 or the second drive pin 5 moves, the entire coupling, i.e., the second coupling part 4 and the first coupling part 7, are moved and transferred to the drive shaft 15 and thus to the switching device. During the switching operation and in the "ON" disconnector or "ON" earthing switch positions, the second coupling part 4 is secured by the other drive pin 5 or 6. If a spring system, i.e., a drive, is activated, the control means 3 locks the other drive.

[0019] During the switching off process, the respective spring system 8 or 9 is tensioned and the respective drive pin 5 or 6 is held in place by the fourth pawl 24 or first pawl 25. When the respective drive pin 5 or 6 is released, it engages the first coupling part 7, thereby moving the drive shaft 15 and thus the switching device. When the drive is in the OFF position, the first coupling part 7 is held and fixed by the two drive pins 5 and 6, thus securing the drive shaft 15 and thus the switching device.

[0020] The Figure 2shows a schematic representation of a coupling according to the invention, consisting of a first coupling part 7 and a second coupling part 4 with the drive bolts 5, 6, the control means 3, the first tensioning lever 1 and the second tensioning lever 2. The first tensioning lever 1 can be pivoted about the pivot axis 11 and thus the first spring system 8 (not shown here) can be tensioned via the coupling point 12. The second tensioning lever 2 can be pivoted about the pivot axis 21 and thus the second spring system 9 (not shown here) can be tensioned via the coupling point 22. The control means 3 can be pivoted or rotated about the control means rotation axis 30. The second coupling part 4 is pivotally mounted on the rotation axis 40 relative to the first coupling part 7, wherein an opening in the region of the drive axis 15 limits the movement of the second coupling part 4.In the illustration shown, the first drive pin 6 is connected via the second coupling part 4 to the first coupling part 7 and thus to the drive axle 15.

[0021] The Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a coupling according to the invention, consisting of a first coupling part 7 and a second coupling part 4 with the drive bolts 5, 6, the control means 3, the first tensioning lever 1 and the second tensioning lever 2, tensioned in the earthing position.

[0022] The Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a coupling according to the invention, consisting of a first coupling part 7 and a second coupling part 4 with the drive bolts 5, 6, the control means 3, the first tensioning lever 1 and the second tensioning lever 2, in the earthing position switched on.

[0023] The Figure 5shows a schematic representation of a coupling according to the invention, consisting of a first coupling part 7 and a second coupling part 4 with the drive bolts 5, 6, the control means 3, the first clamping lever 1 and the second clamping lever 2, clamped in the separator position.

[0024] The Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of a coupling according to the invention, consisting of a first coupling part 7 and a second coupling part 4 with the drive bolts 5, 6, the control means 3, the first clamping lever 1 and the second clamping lever 2, switched on in the disconnector position.

[0025] The Figure 7shows a schematic representation of a spring system 9 according to the invention. The spring system 9 is, for example, for a typical spring drive or stored energy drive which is used for a load-break switch of a medium-voltage system with three switching positions "ON", "OFF" and "EARTH" or two switching positions "OFF" "ON" or "OFF" "EARTH".

[0026] The drive shaft of the actuator is held by a ratchet system (not shown here) during the tensioning process and released at the end either directly or by an additional release. One component of the actuator is the spring system, which consists of the tensioning lever 100, the first spring plate 200, the second spring plate 500, the first spring plate 300 and the second spring plate 301, the compression spring 400, and the drive lever 600. The control and positioning of the switching positions is achieved by ratchets (not shown here, see Figures 10 to 13 , realized.

[0027] To perform the switching operation, the compression spring 400 is tensioned via the tensioning lever 100. During the tensioning process, the drive lever 600 is held in place by an "off pawl" (not shown here). The first spring tab 200 and the second spring tab 500 serve only as spring guides in this switching direction. Once the tensioning process is complete, the "off pawl" is or can be released. The drive lever 600 is then free and is pushed into the end switching position by the compression spring 400. When the drive lever 600 has reached the on position, the on pawl engages, thus completing this switching process.

[0028] During the switching off process, the tensioning lever 100 pulls on the first spring tab 200, while the second spring tab 500 is held by the drive lever 600, which in turn is blocked by an "on latch" (not shown). Because the first spring tab 200 and the second spring tab 500 act on the compression spring 400 on the opposite side of the corresponding tensioning lever 100 and drive lever 600, the compression spring 400 is compressed even though the tensioning lever 100 and drive lever 600 are moving apart. Once the tensioning process is complete, the "on latch" is or can be released. The drive lever 600 is then free and is pulled into the final switching position via the second spring tab 500 and the compression spring 400. When the drive lever 600 has reached the "off position," the "off latch" engages, thus completing this switching process.

[0029] The mode of operation can also be reversed, so that the first spring tab 200 and the second spring tab 500 are pulled during switching on, and the tension lever 100 and the drive lever 600 press directly on the compression spring 400 during switching off. The "OFF" -> "EARTH" / "EARTH" -> "OFF" switching occurs in the same sequence.

[0030] The Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of a spring system according to the invention, tensioned by the tensioning lever 100 and the drive lever 600. The tensioning lever 100 presses the compression spring 400 via the first disc spring 300 and the second disc spring 301 against the drive lever 600.

[0031] The Figure 9shows a schematic representation of a spring system 9 according to the invention, tensioned by the first spring tab 200 and the second spring tab 500. The tensioning lever 100 and the drive lever 600 have moved in opposite directions and now tension the compression spring 400 between the first spring tab 200 and the second spring tab 500, via the first spring plate 300 and the second spring plate 301.

[0032] The Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of a drive system according to the invention with spring system 9 for three-position operation in the "OFF" position.

[0033] The spring system 9 shown here, for example, is for a typical spring-loaded or stored-energy mechanism used for a load-break switch in a medium-voltage system with three switching positions: "ON," "OFF," and "EARTH." The drive shaft of the mechanism is held in place by a latch system 701, 702, 703, 704 during the tensioning process and released at the end either directly or by a separate release. One component of the mechanism is the spring system 9, which consists of the tensioning lever 100, the first spring plate 200, the second spring plate 500, the first spring plate 300 and the second spring plate 301, the compression spring 400, the drive lever 600, and optionally an axis through the drive lever 600.

[0034] The control and positioning of the switching positions is realized by the pawl system 701, 702, 703, 704. In the position shown, the second spring pawl 702 and the fourth spring pawl 704 block the drive lever 600.

[0035] To carry out the switching-on process, the compression spring 400 is tensioned via the tensioning lever 100.

[0036] The Figure 11 shows a schematic representation of a drive system according to the invention with spring system 9 for three-position operation in the "ON" or "EARTH" position with the clamping lever 100, the first spring tab 200, the second spring tab 500, the first spring plate 300 and the second spring plate 301, the compression spring 400 and the drive lever 600. The drive lever is locked here by the third spring pawl 703 and the clamping lever 100 optionally by the first spring pawl 701.

[0037] The Figure 12shows a schematic representation of a drive system according to the invention with spring system 9 for three-position operation, tensioned under pressure, with the tensioning lever 100, the first spring tab 200, the second spring tab 500, the first spring plate 300 and the second spring plate 301, the compression spring 400 and the drive lever 600. The drive lever is locked here by the fourth spring pawl 704 and the compression spring 400 is compressed between the first spring tab 200 and the second spring tab 500.

[0038] The Figure 13shows a schematic representation of a drive system according to the invention with spring system 9 for three-position operation, tensioned in tension, with the tensioning lever 100, the first spring bracket 200, the second spring bracket 500, the first spring plate 300 and the second spring plate 301, the compression spring 400 and the drive lever 600. The drive lever is locked here by the third spring pawl 703 and the compression spring 400 is compressed between the first spring bracket 200 and the second spring bracket 500. List of reference symbols

[0039] 1 first tensioning lever for a first spring system 8; 2 second tensioning lever for a second spring system 9; 3 control means, control lever; 4 second coupling part, pivot lever 5 second drive pin; 6 first drive pin; 7 first coupling part, coupling lever; 8 first spring system, spring assembly; 9 second spring system, spring assembly; 10 drive system; 11 pivot axis of the first tensioning lever 1; 12 coupling point of the first tensioning lever 1 with the first spring system 8; 15 drive axis for a three-position switch; 21 pivot axis of the second tensioning lever 2; 22 coupling point of the second tensioning lever 2 with the second spring system 9; 23 third pawl for the second spring system 9; 24 fourth pawl for the second spring system 9; 25 first pawl for the first spring system 8; 26Second pawl for the first spring system 8; 30Control means rotation axis of the control means 3; 40Rotation axis of the second coupling part 4; 100Clamping lever; 200First spring plate; 300First spring plate; 301Second spring plate; 400Compression spring; 500Second spring plate;600Drive lever or axle through the drive lever; 701First spring pawl; 702Second spring pawl; 703Third spring pawl; 704Fourth spring pawl.;

Claims

1. Spring system (9) for driving a switching device, formed from a compression spring (400), a tensioning lever (100), a first spring tab (200), a second spring tab (500), a drive lever (600), a first spring plate (300) and a second spring plate (301), characterized in that the compression spring (400), owing to its installation situation and mounting, can work both as a pressure accumulator as well as a tensile accumulator, wherein the compression spring (400) works in one switching direction as a pressure accumulator, and for this purpose is compressed, thus pretensioned, directly, and works in the opposite switching direction as a tensile accumulator, and for this purpose is compressed, thus pretensioned, indirectly via the first spring tab (200) and the second spring tab (500).

2. Spring system (9) according to Claim 1, wherein the spring system (9) is designed for a spring-action drive or accumulator drive for a load-break switch of a medium-voltage system with three switching positions "ON", "OFF" and "EARTH", or 2 switching positions "OFF" "ON" or "OFF" "EARTH".

3. Spring system (9) according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the spring system (9) has a first pawl (25), a second pawl (26), a third pawl (23) and a fourth pawl (24), collectively pawls (23, 24, 25, 26), wherein the pawls (23, 24, 25, 26) for controlling and positioning the switching positions are designed in such a way that the pawls (23, 24, 25, 26) are disposed in such a manner, that they act differently on the drive lever (600) in different switching positions.

4. Spring system (9) according to Claim 3, wherein the spring system (9) for a three-position operation is designed to be tensioned for compression by the tensioning lever (100), the first spring tab (200), the second spring tab (500), the first spring plate (300) and the second spring plate (301) of the compression spring (400) and the drive lever (600).

5. Spring system (9) according to Claim 3 or 4, wherein the spring system (9) for a three-position operation is designed to be tensioned for tension by the tensioning lever (100) of the first spring tab (200), the second spring tab (500), the first spring plate (300) and the second spring plate (500) of the compression spring (400) and the drive lever (600), wherein the compression spring (400) is compressed, or able to be compressed, between the first spring tab (200) and the second spring tab (500).

6. Drive system (10) for a three-position switch, wherein the drive system (10) has a spring system (9) according to one of the preceding claims, and a coupler, wherein the coupler by way of a control means (3) is controllable in such a manner that in each case one of two different drive units (8, 9), wherein the two different drive units (8, 9) are formed by two spring systems (8, 9), acts on a drive axle (15) and thus a predetermined switching procedure is able to be performed, wherein the coupler consists of a first coupler part (7) which is fixedly couplable, or coupled, to the drive axle (15), and of a second coupler part (4) which is movably connected to the first coupler part (7), wherein the second coupler part (4) is in each case couplable to a drive unit (8, 9), thus one of the spring systems (8, 9), and wherein only one drive unit (8, 9), thus one spring system (8, 9) is in each case connected to the second coupler part (4), and the respective other drive unit (8, 9) is blocked.

7. Drive system according to Claim 6, wherein the coupler is designed in such a way that the coupler reliably holds the respective switching position.

8. Drive system according to one of preceding Claims 6 and 7, wherein the respective switching positions comprise an ON position, an OFF position, i.e. a disconnected position, and an earthed position.

9. Drive system according to one of preceding Claims 6 to 8, wherein the control means (3) is a control lever (3).

10. Drive system (10) according to one of preceding Claims 6 to 8, wherein the drive system furthermore has: - a control means (3), - two different drive units (8, 9) which act on a drive axle (15), wherein the drive units (8, 9) contain a first spring system (8) and a second spring system (9), - a first tensioning lever (1) which is connected to the first spring system (8), and a second tensioning lever (2) which is connected to the second spring system (9), - a first drive pin (6) and a second drive pin (5), - a first pawl (25) for the first spring system (8), a second pawl (26) for the first spring system (8), a third pawl (23) for the second spring system (9), and a fourth pawl (24) for the second spring system (9), wherein the first pawl (25) and the second pawl (26) are configured to fix the first drive pin (6) in a switching position, and the third pawl (23) and the fourth pawl (24) are configured to fix the second drive pin (5) in a switching position.

11. Drive system (10) according to Claim 10, wherein the first spring system (8) for tensioning the first spring system (8) is at a coupling point (12) connected to the first tensioning lever (1), and the first tensioning lever (1) is pivotable about a swivel axis (11), and the second spring system (9) for tensioning the second spring system (9) is at a coupling point (22) connected to the second tensioning lever (2), and the second tensioning lever (2) is pivotable about a swivel axis (21), thus forming a spring-action or accumulator drive.

12. Drive system (10) according to Claim 11, wherein the drive system (10) is designed for a three-position switch of a medium-voltage system, and the drive axle (15) of the drive system (10) during a tensioning procedure is fixedly held by a pawl system consisting of a first pawl (25), a second pawl (26), a third pawl (23) and a fourth pawl (24), and is releasable at the end of the tensioning procedure.

13. Medium-voltage switchgear which has one or more drive systems (10) according to one of Claims 10 to 12 for one or more three-position switches.

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